高考英语专题之动词不定式

高考英语专题之动词不定式 一. 教学内容： 动词不定式 二. 重难点讲解 1. 非谓语动词的定义。 2. 非谓语动词的形式。 非谓语动词包括不定式，ing形式和过去分词三种形式。 三. 动词不定式 掌握动词不定式应注意的几个问题： 1. to 是不定式符号还是介词。下列短语中的to 都是介词： agree to，object to，close to，come to，lead to，refer to，equal to，familiar to，point to，thank to，devote to，next to，belong to，be used to，look forward to 2. 带to 还是不带to 例： I have no choice but to give in. I can’t do anything but give in . 3. 动词不定式逻辑主语是由for 作为标记的。但是有时用of 例： Its necessary for you to study hard . It’s foolish of him to do it . 与of 连用的形容词有：good，kind， nice，wise，clever，foolish，right，wrong，careful，careless，polite，possible 4. 后接不定式作宾语的动词有： want, hope, wish, like, begin, try, need, forget, agree, know, promise, teach, refuse, help, arrange, dare, decide, determine, fail, manage, offer, prepare, continue, ask, mean, choose, expect etc. 需要宾语补足语的动词不能用动词不定式直接做介词的宾语，而要用it做形式宾语。 例：通常不说We think to obey the laws is important . 而说We think it important to obey the laws . 5. 不定式的省略 下列短语中，如果意义明确，常常省略to： want to, wish to, hope to, like to, hate to, plan to, try to, love to , have to, ought to, need to, used to, be able to 6. 不定式作定语，应注意两种关系 （1）动宾关系 例：He has a lot of meeting to attend . （2）主谓关系 例：She is always the last（person）to speak at the meeting . 7. 不定式作状语，可以有以下几种意义 [来源:学科网] （1）原因 例：He is lucky to get here on time . 这种结构中常用的形容词有： happy, glad, delighted, pleased, sorry, eager, anxious, lucky, fortunate, proud, angry, surprised, frightened, disappointed, ready , clever, foolish, worthy [来源:学_科_网] （2）目的 例：He came to help me with my maths . （3）结果 例：I hurried to get there only to find him out. 8. 不定式作补足语 例：I saw him play in the street just now . 能跟不带to 的不定式作补足语的动词有：see, feel, hear, listen to, look at, watch, let, have，make, observe, notice 注：当这些词为被动式时，不定式要带to 例：He was seen to play in the street just now. 【典型例题】 1. I’m going to the supermarket this afternoon. Do you have anything ________ ? A. to be buying B. to buy C. for buying D. bought 答案：B 解析：本题考察不定式做定语。