高考英语专题之直接引语变间接引语 (2份打包)

高考英语专题之直接引语变间接引语 状元必读 1. 本讲课程涉及的知识点在高考考试大纲中对应的考点为宾语从句； 2. 该考点具体到考核目标与要求为五级知识点； 3. 该考点常出现在单项选择题和完形填空中，大体分值为2—3分。 专家点拨 一、知识精讲 （一）句型变化 1. 直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时： 在多数情况下，都构成一个由that引导的宾语从句（that在口语中常省略），引述动词通常是say和tell。 【例句】 “I’ll go to meet my mother at the airport,” Tom said. →Tom told me that he would meet his mother at the airport. “I haven’t finished reading this book,” Tom said. →Tom said that he hadn’t finished reading that book. 2. 直接引语是疑问句，变为间接引语时： （1）直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，常将它变为由if或whether引导的宾语从句，其主句动词常用ask。 【例句】 “Do you go to school by bike?” Tom asked Mary. →Tom asked Mary if/whether she went to school by bike. Tom said, “Have you been to Japan before, Mary?” →Tom asked Mary if/ whether she had been to Japan before. 状元典例 He asked _______ I had any difficulty with my pronunciation. A. if B. how C. what D. that 答案：A 思路分析：考查宾语从句的关系词。由于主句动词是asked，则从句一定是问句，根据句意“他问我发音上是否有困难”可知选A。 （2）直接引语是选择疑问句，变为间接引语时，常将它变为由if或whether…or引导的宾语从句。 【例句】 She asked me, “Would you like some tea or coffee?” →She asked me if / whether I would like some tea or coffee. 状元典例 I asked him _______ he would take a bus ____ take a train. A. that; or B. if; and C. whether; or D. whether; and 答案：C 思路分析：根据句意“我问他是乘公共汽车还是乘火车”，可知选择疑问句要用whether…or…表达，不能用and。 （3）直接引语是反意疑问句，变为间接引语时，常将它变为由if和whether引导的宾语从句。 【例句】 Tom asked me, “You have seen the film, haven’t you?” →Tom asked me if / whether I had seen the film. （4）直接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，将它变为由原来的疑问词引导的宾语从句。 【例句】 He said, “Where have you been?” →He asked me where I had been. He asked, “How are you getting along?” →He asked us how we were getting along. 状元典例 He wondered ________ the meeting would be held tomorrow. A. what B. that C. where D. who 答案：C 思路分析：考查宾语从句的关系词。由于主句动词是wondered，则从句一定是问句，从句的意思是明天要开会，由此可以看出是在问开会的地点。故选C。 注意：所有的疑问句在变为间接引语时都要用陈述句语序。 3. 直接引语是祈使句，变为间接引语时： （1）直接引语变间接引语转述祈使句时，常用的引述动词有ask, tell, warn, order等。通常采用“动词+宾语+不定式”结构：told /asked /ordered sb. (not) to do sth. ①改：表命令时动词said改为______或_______；表请求时常用______，don’t变为_______。 ②