Unit 2 Iconic Attractions-【新课程能力培养】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第四册学习手册（人教版）

N 高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版） Unit 2 ICONIC Culture Backg A symbol of Sydney The Sydney Opera House is a multi- venue performing arts centre in Sydney,New South Wales,Australia.It is one of the 20th century's most famous and distinctive buildings. Designed by Danish architect Jorn Utzon, the building was formally opened on 20 October 1973 after a gestation beginning with Utzon's 1957 selection as winner of an international design competition. The Government of New South Wales,led by the premier,Joseph Cahill,authorised work to begin in 1958 with Utzon directing construction.The government's decision to build Utzon's design is often overshadowed by circumstances that followed,including cost and scheduling overruns as well as the architect's ultimate resignation. The building and its surrounds occupy the whole of Bennelong Point on Sydney Harbour, between Sydney Cove and Farm Cove, adjacent to the Sydney central business district and the Royal Botanic Gardens,and close by the Sydney Harbour Bridge. Though its name suggests a single venue, the building comprises multiple performance (20)学 ATTRACTIONS round Analysis venues which together host well over 1,500 performances annually,attended by more than 1.2 million people.Performances are presented by numerous performing artists,including three resident companies:Opera Australia,the Sydney Theatre Company and the Sydney Symphony Orchestra. As one of the most popular visitor attractions in Australia.more than eight million people visit the site annually,and approximately 350,000 visitors take a guided tour of the building each year. On 28 June 2007,the Sydney Opera House became a UNESCO World Heritage Site. 根据上文判断正(T)误(F)。 ( )1.The Sydney Opera House was des- igned by a native architect called Jorn Utzon. ( )2.The building wasn't formally opened until 1973. ()3.The construction of the building went on well with the support of the government. ()4.More than eight million visitors take a guided tour of the building annually. Period 1 Readin I.重点知识讲解 1.located ac.过去分词转化来的形容词，侧 重于表示主语的状态。类似的词还有 dressed,faced,lost等。 【归纳拓展】 be located in/at/to位于… locate(1)找出…的准确位置 (2)把…安置在（建造于）… location n.位置 local ad山.当地的、局部的、地方性的 【情境助记】 (1)Can the mechanic the fault imm- ediately when the machine 当机器出故障时，机械师能马上找出故 障的位置吗？ (2)What is of the factory? 工厂确切的位置在哪里？ (3)Our children go to 我们的小孩在本地的学校就读。 (4)As is known to all,they forests that were at least 200 years. 众所周知，它们主要分布在至少有200 年历史的森林中。 2.major u.主修 n.主修科目，主修某科目的学生 a山.主要的，严重的 【归纳拓展】 majority n.多数，大半 be in the/a majority占大多数 Unit 2 ICONIC ATTRACTIONS ng and Thinking 【情境助记】 (1)Most of them are 他们大多数是英语专业的学生。 (2)She inspires me _to be a bridge between China and the world. 她鼓励我在大学主修英语，在中国和世 界之间起沟通作用。 (3) _people in the company are effe- ctive speakers because they received relevant training. 公司中大多数人的口才不错，因为他们 接受过相关培训。 (4)Those who favor the proposal are 赞成提案者占大多数。 3.joint n.关节，结合点；公共场所（尤指 价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所) ad.联合的，共同的 【归纳拓展】 a joint effort共同努力 jointly ad.共同地；连带地 join v.连接；结合；参加；加入 【情境助记】 (1)》 ache when he exercises. 他运动的时候，关节就会疼。 (2)Mr.Jones and his brother are of the house. 琼斯先生和他的弟弟是这栋房子的共同 拥有者。 (3)The medical report was 这份医疗报告是大家共同努力的结果。 学 21 高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版） (4)The of the rope is strong enough. 这条绳子的连接处足够结实。 4.breathe in 【归纳拓展】 breathe in吸气（反义短语：breathe out呼气） breath n.呼吸；气息 hold one's breath屏息；屏气 out of breath上气不接下气；喘不过气来 catch one's breath缓口气；喘口气 take a deep breath深吸一口气 【情境助记】 (1)How long can a good swimmer underwater? 一个好的游泳运动员可以在水下屏气 多久？ (2)The weak boy was only a few minutes'running. 那个虚弱的男孩跑几分钟步，上气不接 下气。 (3)He every day,which results in his serious lung illness. 他每天吸进受污染的空气，这导致了严 重的肺病。 5.be in contact with 【归纳拓展】 be in contact with与…保持联系/接触 get in/make contact with与某人保持联系 keep/be in contact with sb.与某人保持联系 lose/be out of contact with sb.与某人失去联系 breathless ad.气喘吁吁的 【情境助记】 (1)Can you your family as soon as possible? 22)学 你能尽快与家人取得上联系吗？ (2)We have been each other since graduation. 毕业后我们就失去联系了。 (3)The man was so fat that after climbing a few stairs. 那位男人太胖了，以至爬几级台阶就气 喘吁吁。 6.make up 【归纳拓展】 make up组成；构成；化妆；编造（故事/谎 言等)；占据；和好 make up for弥补；补偿 make out弄清楚；辨认出 make it成功（做到） make up one's mind下决心 【情境助记】 (1)The young couple quarreled the other day but soon. 几天前，小夫妻俩吵了一架，但很快就 和好了。 (2)He works hard his lack of ability. 他通过努力去弥补自己能力的不足。 (3)Those who always to avoid finishing tasks will break away from the team in time. 那些总找借口逃避完成任务的人终将脱 离集体。 7.on the other hand 【归纳拓展】 on the one hand...on the other hand.. (引出不同的，尤指对立的观点、思想等) 一方面…；另一方面（却）… on the other hand也可以单独使用 for one thing..for another..一则…；二 则…（用于引出并列的理由）》 first(y).second(ly)..第一…；第二… (表示顺序) 【情境助记】 (1) computers improve the working efficiency; they also bring about some new problems. 一方面，计算机提高了人们的工作效 率，另一方面，也引起了一些新的问题。 (2)For one thing,reading literary books helps to improve my writing skills and broaden my horizons. it can enrich my life 首先，阅读文学书籍有助于提高我的写 作技能并开阔视野。再者，它还能丰富 我的生活。 Ⅱ.重点句式讲解 l.can hardly/can't wait to do sth.迫不及待 做某事 I can hardly wait to tell you Mary the good news that she has succeeded. 我迫不及待地告诉玛丽她成功的好消息。 【归纳拓展】 can't help doing sth.忍不住做某事 can't help(to)do sth.不能帮助做某事 2.Itis/was time(for sb.)to do sth.是（某 人)该做某事儿的时候了。 It's almost time for me to say goodbye. 到了说再见的时候了。 3.It is said that..据说… It is said that John is one of the top students Unit 2 ICONIC ATTRACTIONS in the school. 据说约翰是学校的一个尖子生。 【归纳拓展】 It is reported that..据报道… It is considered that...大家认为… It is believed that..人们相信… It is supposed that...据推测… Ⅲ.小试牛刀 1. (locate)in north China,Liaoning Province is a beautiful province with many attractions. 2 (person)speaking,it is impossible to finish the task in such a short time. 3.By working hard day and night,she has laid the (found)of her success in the field of medicine. 4.France constructed the Statue of (free),which was then shipped to America. 5.t (believe)that a minority of frogs in the forest are poisonous. 6.She majored English many years ago when she was studying in Beijing University. 7.Those who supported the plan were in the (major ) 8.The report which was appreciated widely was a (join)effort. 9 (face)with such a confusing situation.she was at a loss. 10.He fell ill as a result of (breath) in polluted air over many years. 11.So excited was she that she couldn't wait (try)her hand at riding the 学 23 N 高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版） new bicycle. 12.It is time that we (take)effective measures to fight against the air pollution. 13.Has Linda been contact with her classmates after graduation? 14.Accidents on the highway have been happ- ening with increasing (frequent). 15.With more attention (focus)on English study,she has made much progress recently. Ⅳ.语篇填空 Before travelling to Australia,I had al- ready done some research on the country,1. (learn)about some ironic sites and animals.On October Ist,I arrived in Sydney, and tasted varieties 2. local food, 3. guide)by my friend.On October 3rd,my friend and I arrived in a town 24)学 in Australia's Northern Territory 4. (learn)about the customs of the Aborigines, which are native 5. Australia.One of their musical instruments,6. (call) the didgeridoo,is made from a tree branch which is hollow.The player has to change the shape of his mouth in order to change pitch.I tried to learn how to play it,but after trying for hours,I 7. (convince)that I could never make a musical sound with this instrument!It was almost time for me to say goodbye to Australia on October 6th.My big- gest 8. (impress)is the complicated mix of peoples and 9. culture) that make up the nation.After experiencing Australia,I have to say that I agree with 10. tourism slogan:"there's nothing like Australia.” Period 2 Us I.重点知识讲解 1.distribution n.分布；分配；分发；分销 【归纳拓展】 distribute v.分布；分配；分发 distribute sth.to/among..把某物分发/分 配给… 【情境助记】 (1)The across the world is shown on the map clearly. 地图上清晰地标明了这一物种在全世界 的分布情况。 (2)This species of dolphin through- out the world widely 这种海豚广泛分布于世界各地。 (3)Clothes and blankets the earth- quake victims. 衣服和毯子已分发给了地震灾民。 2.temporary ad.暂时的 【归纳拓展】 反义词permanent temporarily ad.暂时地 a temporary job临时工作 a temporary measure临时措施 a temporary arrangement临时安排 【情境助记】 (1)Please hold the belief strongly that all the challenges in life 请相信，生活中的一切困难都是暂时的。 (2)The retired man donated most of his sav- ings to the school damaged by the earth- Unit 2 ICONIC ATTRACTIONS sing Language quake and for the homeless. 这位退休老人把大部分积蓄都捐给了那 所在地震中受到破坏的学校，并为无家 可归者提供暂时的安身之处。 (3)We regret to tell you the service is unavailable. 很抱歉通知您，此项服务暂不提供。 (4)30%of the staff are 百分之三十的员工是临时雇员。 3.frequency n.发生率；重复率；频率； 频繁 【归纳拓展】 frequent ad.频繁的；经常的 frequently ad.频繁地；经常地 a high/low frequency of.…的高/低频 【情境助记】 (1)We are living in a society with stable marriages. 我们正生活在一个婚姻稳定率低的 社会。 (2)She is a visitor to European countries. 她经常访问欧洲国家。 (3)Buses run between the city and the airport. 公共汽车频繁地来往于市区与机场之间。 (4)The sound waves can cause damage to our hearing 如此高频的声波会对我们的听力造成 伤害。 学 25 高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版） 4.hatch v.孵；孵化；策划 n.孵化 【归纳拓展】 hatch out孵出；出壳 hatch sth.up策划；密谋 【情境助记】 (1)The hen must find a warm place 母鸡必须找一个温暖的地方孵蛋。 (2)Twenty chicks this morning. 今早有20只小鸡出壳了。 (3)It seems that they】 a deal recently 好像他们最近在密谋什么交易。 5.capacity 【归纳拓展】 capacity n.(领悟、理解、办事)能力； 容量 have a capacity for sth./to do sth. a capacity of..容纳… 【情境助记】 (1)My mum has hard work. 我的妈妈特别吃苦耐劳。 (2)Limited resources have been restricting our capacity new products. 有限的资源一直制约着我们开发新产品 的能力。 (3)The new theatre has 3.000 audie- nce. 新剧院能容纳3000名观众。 (4)Animals in the zoo have gradually lost for themselves. 动物园中的动物已经逐渐丧失了自己捕 食的能力。 26)学 6.violent ad.暴力的；猛烈的 【归纳拓展】 a violent quarrel激烈的争吵 a violent film暴力影片 a violent storm/explosion强烈的风暴/爆炸 violent crime/behavior暴力犯罪；暴力行为 violence暴力；暴行激情；激烈的力量 violently暴力地；猛烈地；强烈地 【情境助记】 (1)Violence inside the prison last night. 昨晚监狱里发生了暴力事件。 (2)》 _her feelings surprised everyone present a lot. 她感情之强烈使在场的所有人大为吃惊。 (3)They are violently the proposal. 他们强烈反对这个提议。 (4)The crowd suddenly 人群中突然有人大打出手。 7.prison n.监狱；监禁 【归纳拓展】 in prison坐牢 out of prison出狱；刑满释放 go to prison入狱；被监禁 send sb.to prison把某人送入监狱 be released from prison被释放出狱 【情境助记】 (1)He was sent for five years. 他被关押了五年。 (2)She awaiting trial. 她正在拘押候审中。 (3)They are demanding the release of 他们正要求释放所有政治犯。 8.come across 【归纳拓展】 come across(偶然)遇见；碰见 come about发生（无被动形式） come out长出来；出版；结果是 come up with提出 come up发生；被提及；被讨论（无被动形式） 【情境助记】 (1)Can you tell me how the air crash 你能告诉我，飞机失事是怎么发生的吗？ (2)Something about the new regulations_ at the meeting yesterday. 昨天会议上谈论了一些关于几条新规定 的事宜。 (3)They a practical solution at the meeting 他们在会议上提出了一条可行性解决 方案。 (4)1 some old friends at a wedding ceremony 我在一场婚礼上遇到了几个好朋友。 Ⅱ.重点句式讲解 with复合结构 【归纳拓展】 （1)ad山.lad./介词短语 (2)现在分词 with+宾语+ (3)过去分词 (4)动词不定式 【情境助记】 (1)Don't sleep with 不要开着窗户睡觉。 Unit 2 ICONIC ATTRACTIONS (2)The boy hurried back into the classroom with a basketball 男孩手里拿着篮球匆忙返回教室。 (3)With a lot of homework my younger sister won't have time to go shopping with me this afternoon. 有这么多作业要完成，今天下午我妹妹 没有时间陪我去购物了。 (4) many unexpected problems emerging,he felt at a loss. 由于出现了许多意想不到的问题，他感 到不知所措。 Ⅲ.小试牛刀 1.During the Spring Festival,temporary_ (work)are commonly hired to do the cleaning. 2.Our Chinese teacher said that she had a great (capable)for learning languages. 3.Every year,thousands of sea turtles hatch the beaches of Florida. 4.Each month,the Red Cross organized the (distribute)of food and clothing in the disaster area. 5.Accidents on that highway have been happ- ening with increasing. (frequent). 6. (violent)against children can't be tolerated all over the world. 7.Due to a small fire,the museum will be closed temporary). 8.They can always come up practical solution at the meeting. 9.With the keys (lose),she had to wait outside the door for two years. 学 27 N 高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版） 10.They won't leave. they have finish- ed all the assignment. Ⅳ.语篇填空 The kangaroo is 1. symbol of Australia,as it has wide 2. distri- bute)throughout the country.However,enco- unters 3. cute kangaroos don't always end so well because they can hit and kick very hard. Koalas are really quite cute.But they are very sensitive creatures 4. can easily panic because of even small changes in their environment.They spend quite a lot of time eating,sleeping,and 5. (hang)onto tree trunks so interaction with humans can cause them a lot of stress. 28)学 Tasmanian devils hunt at night.the noise 6. _(make)by them could wake the dead.They are about the size of small dogs and look like rather large black rats.Their diet is 7. (most)dead animals. The duck-billed platypus may lay eggs in a nest like a bird;its's really a primitive mammal,with a unique biology.Its eggs hatch after about ten days,and then the baby platypus 8. (nurse)from its mother like all other mammals.It has a capacity 9. (find)food in the water by using electrical sensors in its bill.There are only a small handful 10. animals in the world who can do that! Period 3 本单元的语法项目：过去分词作非谓语动词 一、概念和基本性质 L.动词的过去分词(past participle),形 式上一般由“动词原形+ed”构成。有一部 分动词的过去分词是有特殊形式变化的（可 参考教材附录或者英语词典)。 2.动词的过去分词有两个基本的作用， 一个是作谓语，用于完成时和被动语态；另 一个是作非谓语动词。 3.过去分词在作非谓语动词的时候，保 留着动词的部分特性，即含有完成或者被动 的意义。可以带状语一起构成过去分词短 语。在句法功能上，过去分词（短语）与形 容词或副词作用类似，在句子中可充当定 语、状语、宾补、表语等成分。 二、句法功能和作用 (一)过去分词作表语 The city is surrounded on three sides by mountains. 这座城市三面环山。 注意： 1.过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别： 过去分词作表语主要表示主语的状态，而被 动语态则表示动作。 例如： (1)The cup was broken by my little sis- ter yesterday.茶杯是昨天我小妹打碎的。 (是被动语态，表示动作)》 (2)The library is now closed.图书馆门 关了。（过去分词作表语，表示状态） Unit 2 ICONIC ATTRACTIONS Grammar 2.过去分词表示被动和完成，u.-ing形 式表示主动和进行。 例如： (1)After hearing his words,I felt very frightened.听完他的话，我感到非常害怕。 (2)It is said that the movie is very frightening.据说这部电影很吓人。 (二)过去分词作定语 作定语的过去分词相当于形容词，其逻 辑主语就是它所修饰的名词。及物动词的过 去分词作定语既表被动又表完成；不及物动 词的过去分词作定语，只表示完成。 1.过去分词作定语，如果是单个词，常 常置于所修饰的名词之前。 We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions. 我们必须使我们的思想适应改变了的 情况。 2.过去分词短语用作定语时，一般置于 其所修饰的名词之后，其意义相当于一个定 语从句，但比从句简洁，多用于书面语中。 The concert given by their friends was a success.他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功。 3.过去分词短语有时也可用作非限制性 定语，前后常有逗号隔开。 The meeting,attended by over five thou- sand people,welcomed the great hero. 他们举行了欢迎英雄的大会，到会的有 五千多人。 4.用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以转移 学 29 高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版） 到修饰非人的事物，这种过去分词在形式上 虽不直接修饰人，但它所修饰的事物仍与人 直接相关。 The boy looked up with a pleased/satis- fied expression. 男孩带着满意的表情举目注视。 (三)过去分词作状语 1.过去分词作状语表示被动和完成的 动作。 Written in a hurry,this article was not so good!因为写得匆忙，这篇文章不是很好。 这里的written为过去分词作状语，表 示文章是被写的，而且已经被写。值得注意 的是，有些过去分词因来源于系表结构，作 状语时不表被动而表主动，这样的过去分词 及短语常见的有： be interested in,be based on.be faced with,be absorbed in,be tired of/from be located in/at,be filled with,be cov- ered with,be worried about be convinced of,be used to,be accus- tomed to,be devoted to be dedicated to,be occupied with,be opposed to,be exposed to be buried in,be lost in,be dressed in, 等等。 例如： Lost in deep thought,he didn't hear the sound. 由于陷入沉思，他没有听到那个声音。 2.过去分词作状语时，其逻辑主语为主 句的主语，此时应注意人称一致： (1)Given another hour,I can also work 30)学 out this problem. 再给我一个小时，我也能解出这道题。 (given为过去分词作状语，它的逻辑主语为 主句中的主语，即主语再被给一个小时。) (2)Seen from the top of the hill,the city looks more beautiful to us. 从山顶看城市，城市更美丽。(seen为 过去分词作状语，意为“被看”，由语境可 知，它的逻辑主语是城市，而不是“我 们”。) 如果过去分词作状语时，前面再加逻辑 主语，主句的主语就不再是分词的逻辑主 语，这种带逻辑主语的过去分词结构上是独 立主格结构。 例如：(I)The signal given,.the bus started.信号一发出，汽车就开动了。(the signal是given的逻辑主语，因此主句主语 the bus就不是given的逻辑主语了。) (2)Her head held high,she went by. 把头昂得高高地从这儿走了过去。(her head是held high的逻辑主语。因此主句主 语she就不再是held high的逻辑主语。) 3.过去分词作状语来源于状语从句。 (1)Caught in a heavy rain,he was all wet.因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透 了。(caught in a heavy rain为过去分词短 语作原因状语，它来源于原因状语从句Be cause he was caught in a heavy rain.) (2)Grown in rich soil,these seeds can grow fast.如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种 子能长得很快。(grown in rich soil为过去 分词作条件状语，它来源于条件状语从句f these seeds are grown in rich soil.) 4过去分词作状语的位置：可放在主句 前作句首状语，后面有逗号与主句隔开；也 可放在主句后面，前面有逗号与主句隔开。 He stood there silently,moved to tears. Moved to tears,he stood there silently. 他静静地站在那儿，感动得热泪盈眶。 (四)过去分词作宾语补足语 1.能够接过去分词作宾补的动词有以下 四类： (1)表示感觉或心理状态的动词，如 see,watch,observe,look at,hear,listen to, feel,notice,think等。 ①I heard the song sung in English.我听 到有人用英语唱过这首歌。（过去分词sung 作宾语song的补足语) 2 He found his hometown greatly changed.他发现他的家乡变化很大。（过去 分词changed作宾语hometown的补足语) (2)表示“致使”意义的动词，如have, make,get,keep,leave等。 D I'll have my hair cut tomorrow 明天我要理发。 2He got his tooth pulled out yesterday. 他昨天把牙拔了。 (3)表示思维活动的动词，如consider,. know,think等，如： DI consider the matter settled. 我认为这件事解决了。 2 I thought myself wronged somehow in the bargain. 我认为自己在这场交易中又被愚弄了。 (4)表示爱憎、意愿的动词，如want, wish,like,hate等，如： Unit 2 ICONIC ATTRACTIONS DI wanted two tickets reserved. 我要预订两张票。 2He didn't wish it mentioned. 他不愿这事被提起。 因此，过去分词所表示的动作一定和宾 语有逻辑上的动宾关系。 2.使役动词have接过去分词作宾补有 两种情况。 (1)过去分词所表示的动作由他人完成。 He had his money stolen. 他的钱给偷了。（被别人偷去了） (2)过去分词所表示的动作由句中的主 语所经历，如：He had his leg broken.他的 腿断了。（自己的经历） (五)过去分词用于with的复合结构中 此结构中，过去分词用作介词with的 宾语补足语。这一结构通常在句中作时间、 方式、条件、原因等状语。 (1)The murderer was brought in,with his hands tied behind his back 凶手被带进来了，他的双手被绑在背 后。（表方式） (2)With water heated,we can see the steam. 水一被加热，我们就会看到水蒸气。 (表条件)》 (3)With the matter settled,we all went home 事情得到解决，我们都回家了。（表 原因) (4)She stood in front of him,with her eyes fixed on his face. 她站在他面前，眼睛注视着他。 学 31 N 高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版） (5)He stood for an instant with his hand still raised. 他仍然举着手站了一会儿。 32)学 (以上部分内容摘自《张道真英语 语法》) Period 4 写作点拨 说明文写作—Writing a description 说明文是用简洁的文字介绍事物的特 性、构造、变化或者结果的文章。高考英语 写作题中，说明文常见的话题有产品介绍、 地点描述、方位描写、变化分析、购物指南 和操作说明等。 写作这类文章，需要注意以下几点： 1.首先要读题审题，弄清楚需要介绍的 内容，把握信息要点，不可遗漏也不能添加。 2.写作内容要条理清楚，层次分明。说 明科技方面的内容常用定义法、比较对比 法、分类法和因果法等；说明自然环境方面 的内容常用时空次序法和分类法等。 3.时态常用一般现在时，当然若是介绍 其历史时，要用一般过去时；语态可能用到 被动语态；若是介绍地点环境等，要善于运 用there be结构。 本单元的写作目标是要描写一种标志性 动物或者一个标志性景点，这类文章属于说 明文的范畴，以“说明”为主要表达方式。 描写一种标志性的动物，文章中应介绍 动物的类属、生活习性、生存状态、外貌特 征等，可对描述对象作总体概括介绍，给人 以直观的总体认识，然后进行具体说明，目 的在于使人知道、了解此种动物。文章多用 一般现在时。 描写一个标志性的景点，文章中应介绍 此景点的名称，简要介绍其相关历史、地 Unit 2 ICONIC ATTRACTIONS Writing 理、文化、习俗等各方面体现这个景点特色 的信息。除了历史方面需要用一般过去时之 外，文章多用一般现在时。 但是，近年来高考英语作文多倾向于应 用文写作，即书信类文体。这个描写性质的 话题也适用于应用文写作的文体，即用书信 的方式向对方介绍一个景点或者一种代表性 的事物或者动物。 典例赏析 中国加入WTO后，有一大批外国人来 我直辖市一重庆市参观。假设你是导游， 请根据以下内容，向外宾简单介绍我市的 情况。 位于中国西南，总面积8.24万平方千米 概况 人口约3000万 天气 天气多变，时常下雨 交通 交通方便、发达 饮食 特色小吃很多，火锅名扬天下 旅游 景点很多，风光旖旎，吸引了四方游客 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯： 3.开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Ladies and gentlemen, Welcome to Chongqing.Now let me introduce our city to you. 学 (33 N 高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版） 【审题导引】 1.审语境：中国加入WTO后…假设 你是导游… 2.审人称：假设你是导游，向外宾介绍 我市的情况，即用第一人称。 3.审时态：介绍城市情况，应该用一般 现在时。 【参考范文】 Ladies and gentlemen, Welcome to Chongqing.Now let me introduce our city to you.Chongqing,which covers an area of 82,400 square kilometers,is located in the southwest part of China.It has a population of near 30 million.The weather here is changeable and rains a lot.As for the transportation here,it is very advanced and convenient.Chongqing is also known for its delicious foods.There are many special foods here,among which hot pot is very famous all over the world.In addition,as Chongqing has many scenic spots and beautiful scenery,it attracts a large number of tourists from different places.I hope you can enjoy your stay here in Chongqing. Thank you. (34)学 【词句品鉴】 高级词汇 cover,advanced 精彩短语be located in,as for,,in addition,scenic 和关联词spots,,enjoy your stay 1.Chongqing,which covers an area of 82,400 square kilometers,is located in the southwest part of China. 2.There are many special foods here, 增分句型 among which hot pot is very famous all over the world. 3.In addition,as Chongqing has many scenic spots and beautiful scenery,it attracts a large number of tourists from different places. 【名师点评】 本文要点齐全、结构完整、层次清晰。 尤其是句型多样，没有重复的句子结构。在 题目所列提示之外，又增加了很多关联词和 细节，使文章看上去饱满且有连贯性。 写作模板 Ladies and gentlemen, Welcome to...Now let me introduce our city to you...which covers an area of...square kilometers,is located in the...part of...It has a population of near...The weather here is...As for the transportation here,it is very...is also known for its...There are many special..here, among which...is very famous all over the world.In addition,as...I hope you can enjoy your stay here in... Thank you. 如何写读后续写 该题型提供一篇350词以内的语言材 料，要求考生依据该材料内容、所给段落开 头语进行续写(150词左右)，将其发展成 一篇与给定材料有逻辑衔接、情节和结构完 整的短文。阅卷时将主要考虑以下内容： 1.与所给短文及段落开头语的衔接程度： 2.内容的丰富性和合理性； 3.应用语法结构和词汇的丰富性和准 确性； 4.上下文的连贯性。 【审题导引)】 1.通读全文，把握文本的脉络，确定故 事情节发展的方向。 2.阅读每一段中的首句，进行布局、解 读。在布局第一段的内容时，要兼顾两段的 首句；第二段的首句决定着第一段的走向。 3.注意两段相对平衡。另外，不可滥用 直接引语。 典例赏析 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续 写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 Volvos are known as safe cars,so that's what Amanda looked for when she was buying a used car.However,what she didn't know was that finding parts or repairmen for Volvos isn't always easy. When the twenty-five-year-old Volvo started to cut out when Amanda was driving, even without knowing anything about the car, she knew it was a pretty big problem.But it started up again right away,so she ignored it. However,she might not have made the best choice.And then one day,it just wouldn't Unit 2 ICONIC ATTRACTIONS start. Amanda had it towed (to a garage that specializes in Volvos,and they got it up and running-for a week or so.Still paying off the first bill,she thought she'd ask a neighbor who fixes cars out of his garage to give it a try.He's a Chevy repairman,but a car's a car,right? Amanda soon found out that,in fact, Volvos are Volvos and Chevys are Chevys- and never shall the two meet! Given that Amanda lived on an island, she was completely stuck at home without a car.She had no money to take taxis every- where,and she certainly didn't have the mon- ey to buy another car. So Amanda finally did what any other fiercely independent-or desperate-woman would do:She ordered a Volvo manual(说明 and started learning. You should know that Amanda's father never fixed cars in his spare time when she was growing up,so she knew nothing about cars.After reading through the manual-she just flipped through(快速翻阅)and looked at the pictures,but it was a start,right?-she searched online.There are Volvo-fixing web- sites,Volvo boards,and Volvo groups.Who knew?She posted questions,always apologiz- ing for her complete ignorance,and got an- swers,which just led to more questions.But she made a little progress by checking the gas tank and replacing the cheap gas with the 学(35 N 高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版） high-grade one. Paragraph 1: The more she learned,the more confident she grew. Paragraph 2: She knew she was not giving up repairing the car,no matter how depressed she felt at times. 注意： 1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已 为你写好。 【思路点拨】 读后续写要求考生首先要读懂已有信 息，不仅能读懂字面含义，还要理清文章的 脉络。续写这篇短文时，考生要搞清楚故事 的发展进程、前因后果、地理位置、人物思 想情感的变化等。在此基础上，考生要顺着 文章的思路，根据线索，发挥想象，对其后 的情节进行合理预测，并用语言表达出来。 通过阅读所给文章可知，Amanda买了 一辆很老的二手车，用了不久就出问题了， 求助了修车厂和邻居，她的车还是依旧停在 (36)学 那里。如果车子不修好，她什么也做不了。 因此她借助说明书，开始自己研究车，并通 过网络慢慢地增加了对车的了解和认识，尽 管只是一点点。 根据第一段所给首句The more she learned,the more confident she grew.说明 Amanda在不断地进步。但是又根据第二段 首句She knew she was not giving up repair- ing the car,no matter how depressed she felt at times..说明第一段不能出现她成功解决了 车子的问题。而恰恰是第二段首句给了我们 提示，也就是无论遇到什么困难，她从不放 弃，那最终的结果是她一定通过自己的努 力，成功让车子重新启动了。 【参考范文】 Paragraph 1: The more she learned,the more confident she grew.Every time she found a new possibility,she felt sure she would be able to get her car up and running.She didn't think she knew more than the repairmen,but the difference between her and the repairmen was that she needed her car to work.She needed to go to groceries and she missed her freedom to drive anywhere.Moreover,she had to admit that she was starting to see her car as more than a car.They were starting to form a bond. Paragraph 2: She knew she was not giving up repairing the car,no matter how depressed she felt at times.Finally she had a breakthrough.She fully understood how all the parts of the car work together and found out the real problem. She spent a full month and a bit of money replacing the broken part.In the end,she got it up and running again.That is to say,she fixed the car.To this day she's still pretty Unit 2 ICONIC ATTRACTIONS proud.The car has already travelled half a million kilometers,and she wants to make it get through the next half a million. 学(37高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版） (3)dates (4)were sold (5)is running 【即时跟踪2】 (1)to be told (2)to be done (3)to be updated (4)to be made (5)to be held 【即时跟踪3】 (1)to sit (2)to buy (3)to repair (4)to blame (5)to be typed 【题组训练1】 (1)will be rewarded (2)will be built (3)has been reached (4)is called (5)were told (6)promoted (7)opens (8)to be completed 【题组训练2】 (1)be employed (2)was built (3)were used (4)to be heard (5)to be completed Period 4 Writing 读后续写 【参考范文】 Paragraph 1: Sandra drove while I stayed in the back seat trying to Unit 2 ICONIC Culture Background Analysis 1-4 FTFF Period 1 Reading and Thinking I.重点知识讲解 1.(1)locate;break down (2)exact location (3)the local school (4)were mostly located in 2.(1)English majors (2)to major in English in college (3)The majority of (4)in the majority 3.(1)His joints (2)the joint owners (3)a joint effort (4)joint 4.(1)hold his/her breath (2)out of breath (3)breathes in polluted air 5.(1)make contact with (2)out of contact with (3)he was breathless 70 comfort Bosco.I thought we lost him a couple of times when he was seemingly out of breath and his eyes seemed to close.By the time we arrived,Bosco was wheeled into the animal care center to receive emergency care.Bosco was put on oxygen and was taken good care of by staff there and we waited anxiously for the dog to get out of danger.Rinaldi said another dog in Detroit Dog Rescue had already been named Bosco,and she wanted this new member to have a new name for his new life. Paragraph 2: So Bosco is now being called Roscoe,whose critical care and recovery were estimated to be several thousand dollars.It would be difficult for Roscoe's new home to cover the costs as a non-profit organization.Thankfully, many people who knew Roscoe's story on Detroit Dog Rescue's Facebook page donated money to his care.With the help of supporters,Detroit Dog Rescue managed to make it.Once Roscoe was in a stable state,Sandra and I returned to our original mission,knowing we had already been given the chance to help one desperate soul. ATTRACTIONS 6.(1)made up (2)to make up for (3)make up some excuse 7.(1)On the one hand;on the other hand (2)For another Ⅲ.小牛试刀 1.Located 2.Personally 3.foundation 4.freedom 5.is believed 6.in 7.majority 8.joint 9.Faced 10.breathing 11.to try 12.take/took 13.in 14.frequency 15.focused W.语篇填空 1.learning 2.of 3.guided 4.to learn 5.to 6.called 7.was convinced 8.impression 9.cultures 10.the Period 2 Using Language I.重点知识讲解 1.(1)distribution of this species (2)is distributed (3)have been distributed to/among 2.(1)are temporary (2)offered temporary shelter (3)temporarily (4)temporary employees 3.(1)a low frequency of (2)frequent (3)frequently (4)of such high frequency 4.(1)to hatch her eggs (2)hatched out (3)have been hatching up 5.(1)a great capacity for (2)to develop (3)a capacity of (4)the capacity to catch food 6.(1)broke out (2)The violence of (3)against (4)turned violent 7.(1)to prison (2)is in prison (3)all political prisoners 8.(1)came about (2)came up (3)came up Unit 3 SEA E Culture Background Analysis 1-5 FTFTT Period 1 Reading and Thinking I.重点知识讲解 1.(1)extension (2)to extend (3)the extension of the term 2.(1)with;about (2)is still under negotiation 3.(1)to withdraw the competition (2)from his bank account (3)His withdrawal 4.(1)Common interests (2)to bond wood to metal 5.(1)to reach out to (2)reaching out for 6.(1)under the command of (2)has a good command of (3)took command of (4)in command of 7.(1)in(2)for(3)in 8.(1)no benefit to (2)benefit from (3)for Ⅲ.小试牛刀 1.extension 2.under 3.to withdraw 4.bond 5.to negotiate 6.To reach 7.for 8.In 9.beneficial 10.of 11.of 12.for 13.with 14.of 15.in 参考答案与解析。 with (4)came across Ⅱ.重点句式讲解 (1)with the windows open (2)in hand (3)to finish (4)With Ⅲ.小试牛刀 1.workers 2.capacity 3.on 4.distribution 5.frequency 6.Violence 7.temporarily 8.with 9.lost 10.until W.语篇填空 1.a 2.distribution 3.with 4.that/which 5.hanging 6.made 7.mostly 8.nurses 9.to find 10.of Period 4 Writing 安 XPLORATION Ⅳ.语篇填空 1.achievements 2.what 3.was extended 4.centering 5.to negotiate 6.under 7.remains 8.strengthening 9.greatly 10.which Period 2 Using Language I.重点知识讲解 1.(1)at the mercy of (2)The merciful king (3)without mercy (4)kept him at work 2.(1)possessions (2)in possession of the vase (3)won't take possession of it (4)possessing a shotgun 3.(1)to (2)is home to (3)felt at home (4)make yourself at home 4.(1)taking legal action (2)take immediate action (3)is taking effective measures 5.(1)are (2)a huge amount of (3)are spent (4)of 6.(1)distribution (2)is widely distributed (3)have been distributed to (4)distributes 7.(1)In the meanwhile (2)study chemistry (3)I will clean the living room 8.(1)are being questioned (2)his attention 71