精品解析：广东广州市第十七中学2026-2027学年高二上学期期中英语阶段性监测试题

2026学年第一学期阶段性监测题 高二英语（问卷） 本试题满分120分　考试时间120分钟 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和学号、班别填写在答题卡上，并用2B铅笔在答题卡上的相应位置填涂学号。 2. 选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） A Experience fine art at these famous museums and galleries around the world. The Prado, Madrid, Spain The Spanish royal family is responsible for the Prado’s classical masterpieces. Over centuries, kings and queens collected art with passion and good taste. In addition to stars of Spanish painting such as Velazquez, Goya and Ribera, the Prado has big collections of Italian artists such as Raphael. Fernando VII opened the collection to the public in 1819, in the same building it’s housed in today, designed by Juan de Villanueva. Main attraction: The oil painting The Three Graces by Rubens. Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam, the Netherlands About 900,000 objects fill the Rijksmuseum, the largest collection of art and history in the Netherlands. It is most famous for its paintings by 17th-century Dutch masters, including Ruysdael, Frans Hals, Johannes Vermeer and Rembrandt van Rijn. Established in 1800 to exhibit the collections of the Dutch stadholders(总督), the Rijksmuseum also displays art from the Middle Ages. The main building is closed for repair now; collection highlights are displayed in the Philips Wing and at Rijksmuseum Schiphol. Main attraction: The painting The Night Watch by Rembrandt. The Uffizi Gallery, Florence, Italy In Italy, there are many monuments and works of art that get the highest praise. In the case of the Uffizi Gallery, it holds the world’s finest collection of Renaissance paintings. All the famous names of Italian art are here — not only the Renaissance masters, but also painters from the early periods. Main attraction: The painting The Birth of Venus by Botticelli. The British Museum, London, England Britain’s largest museum looks after the national collection of archaeology (考古学). It houses more than eight million objects from different historical periods. The Egyptian gallery contains the world’s second finest collection of Egyptian antiquities (古物) outside Egypt. Main attraction: The Rosetta Stone carved in 196 B. C. 1. Who made the Prado collection open to the public? A. Kings and queens. B. Velazquez. C. Rubens. D. Fernando VII. 2. Which of the following statements is wrong about Rijksmuseum? A. It was built in the 19th century. B. It as a whole is available for visiting now. C. Its best-known painting is The Night Watch. D. It is used to show collections of art and history in the Netherlands. 3. What is the similarity between the Uffizi Gallery and the British Museum? A. They present all the famous names of Italian art. B. They contains Egyptian antiquities outside Egypt. C. They display collections from different times. D. They hold the national collections of archeology. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了世界上四个著名的博物馆和画廊。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据The Prado这一段落中“Fernando VII opened the collection to the public in 1819, in the same building it’s housed in today, designed by Juan de Villanueva.(费尔南多七世在1819年向公众开放了这些藏品，就在今天收藏的同一栋建筑里，由胡安·德维兰纽瓦设计)”可知，费尔南多七世向公众开放了这些藏品。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Rijksmuseum这一部分中“The main building is closed for repair now (主楼现已关闭维修)”可知，Rijksmuseum的主楼不能参观。所以B项It as a whole is available for visiting now(它现在整体上可以参观)说法错误。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据The Uffizi Gallery部分中“All the famous names of Italian art are here — not only the Renaissance masters, but also painters from the early periods(意大利艺术的所有著名人物都在这里——不仅有文艺复兴时期的大师，还有早期的画家)”以及The British Museum部分中“It houses more than eight million objects from different historical periods(它收藏了来自不同历史时期的800多万件文物)”可知，两个博物馆的共同之处在于他们都展示不同时期的收藏品。故选C。 B Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles. Jaramillo’s students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores. “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks,” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new. Urban Sprouts’ classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands-on experiments such as soil testing, flower-and-seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. Several times a year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools. Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. “We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they’re eating differently,” Jaramillo says. She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.” 4. What do we know about Abby Jaramillo? A. She used to be a health worker. B. She grew up in a low-income family. C. She owns a fast food restaurant. D. She is an initiator of Urban Sprouts. 5. What was a problem facing Jaramillo at the start of the program? A. The kids’ parents distrusted her. B. Students had little time for her classes. C. Some kids disliked garden work. D. There was no space for school gardens. 6. Which of the following best describes the impact of the program? A. Far-reaching. B. Predictable. C. Short-lived. D. Unidentifiable. 7. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Rescuing School Gardens B. Experiencing Country Life C. Growing Vegetable Lovers D. Changing Local Landscape 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了Abby Jaramillo等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式的Urban Sprouts花园项目，让学生种植蔬菜，对学生影响深远。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的“And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools.(起初是这样的，艾比·哈拉米洛说，她和另一位老师在四所低收入学校启动了“Urban Sprouts”学校花园项目。)”可知，艾比·哈拉米洛是Urban Sprouts的发起者。故选D。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段的“she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.(她说。“他们来找我们，认为蔬菜很可怕，泥土很可怕，昆虫也很可怕。”虽然有些人一开始害怕昆虫，对泥土感到厌烦，但大多数人都渴望尝试新的东西。)”可知，项目之初，一些学生不喜欢园艺工作。故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.”(她补充说，该计划的好处不仅仅是营养。有些学生对园艺非常感兴趣，他们带回家种子开始自己的菜园。此外，在花园里工作似乎对Jaramillo的特殊教育学生有镇静作用，他们中的许多人都有情绪控制问题。“他们走了出去，”她说，“他们觉得成功。”)”可知，这个项目不仅给学生提供了有营养的食物，而且许多学生回家开创了自己的菜园，对有情绪控制问题的学生也起到了镇静作用，从而推知，该项目的影响是深远的。故选A。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段的“And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.(起初是这样的，艾比·哈拉米洛说，她和另一位老师在四所低收入学校启动了“Urban Sprouts”学校花园项目。该项目旨在帮助学生培养科学技能、环保意识和健康的生活方式。)”和最后一段的“Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens.(一些学生对园艺非常感兴趣，于是他们把种子带回家，开始种自己的菜园)”以及下文内容可知，文章主要讲述了Abby Jaramillo等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式的Urban Sprouts花园项目，让学生种植蔬菜，对学生影响深远。因此推断C项“蔬菜种植爱好者”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选C。 【点睛】 C The way you learn most effectively will impact many different aspects of your life. Visual (视觉的) learners process information best when it’s presented with images drawn on a whiteboard, charts or graphs. Visual learners usually process pictures before they read printed text and are also able to visualize concepts quickly. People who are visual learners would prefer it if instruction is printed rather than given verbally (口头地), and may often write or draw when attempting to make sense of a new topic. Many visual learners remember something better once they’ve written it down or drawn it out. Auditory (听觉的) learners process information best when it’s said out loud, such as in a lecture setting or spoken presentation. This type of learners can easily recall what others say and prefer to talk through topics they find complex or difficult to understand. People who are auditory learners prefer verbal directions and may use repetition or repeat things aloud to memorize things. They may ask questions to understand the subject matter better and may need to hear something repeated more than once before they fully comprehend. Auditory learners also often benefit from listening to recordings as a method of absorbing new concepts. Kinesthetic (动觉的) learners process information through experience rather than by being shown or told. This type of learners prefer to do things that are more “hands­on”. They prefer to touch and feel items and can easily recall things they’ve done. People who are kinesthetic learners like to make and create things using their hands, and remember information best when they are physically involved. Kinesthetic learners like to participate in the process by shadowing or assisting others, and prefer to practice or rehearse concepts as a way to absorb new information. Take time to consider how you prefer to take in new information. Think about the last time how you worked to ensure you retained the information. The answers to these questions will help you discover which learning style works best for you. 8. What do visual learners do to form an idea in mind? A. Visualize or read something. B. Process or present something. C. Recall or speak. D. Write or draw. 9. Who can comprehend something repeated better? A. Visual learners. B. Auditory learners. C. Kinesthetic learners. D. Lifelong learners. 10. What does the underlined word “shadowing” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Reflecting perfectly. B. Watching closely. C. Memorizing carefully. D. Asking constantly. 11. What is the purpose of the writer to explain learning styles? A. To help readers explore learning styles. B. To introduce effective learning methods. C. To arouse readers’ curiosity about learning. D. To inform readers of a new scientific study about learning. 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. B 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了视觉型学习者、听觉型学习者以及动觉型学习者不同的学习方式。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“People who are visual learners would prefer it if instruction is printed rather than given verbally (口头地), and may often write or draw when attempting to make sense of a new topic. Many visual learners remember something better once they’ve written it down or drawn it out.(视觉学习者更喜欢用印刷的方式而不是口头的方式进行教学，当他们试图理解一个新主题时，他们可能会经常写或画。许多视觉学习者一旦把东西写下来或画出来就会记得更牢)”可知，视觉型学习者形成观念的方法是写或者画。故选D项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“People who are auditory learners prefer verbal directions and may use repetition or repeat things aloud to memorize things.(听觉型学习者更喜欢口头指示，可能会使用重复或大声重复来记忆事物)”可知，通过重复能更好地理解事物的是听觉型学习者。故选B项。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。分析知画线词描绘的是动觉型学习者学习的特点，根据下文“assisting others, and prefer to practice or rehearse concepts as a way to absorb new information.(协助他人，并喜欢练习或排练概念作为一种吸收新信息的方式。)”可知，动觉型学习者通过实践来处理信息可推知，跟随别人实地学习或协助别人属于动觉型学习者的特征，所以shadowing是“跟随别人”之意，和B项Watching closely意思相近。故选B项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Take time to consider how you prefer to take in new information. Think about the last time how you worked to ensure you retained the information. The answers to these questions will help you discover which learning style works best for you.(花点时间考虑一下你更喜欢如何接受新信息。想想上次你是如何确保记住信息的。这些问题的答案将帮助你发现哪种学习方式最适合你)”可知，作者解释学习方式的目的是帮助读者探索学习方式。故选A项。 D A condition involving the loss of muscle and strength, muscle atrophy (肌肉萎缩) can happen for a variety of reasons. Physicians at present rely on MRI to test the size and amount of patients’ muscle to judge it, but frequent testing can be time-consuming and costly. However, a new study suggests that an electromagnetic sensor (电磁传感器) made out of conductive “e-thread” could be used as a replacement for frequent monitoring using MRI. The findings show that it was able to measure small changes in the whole limb (an arm or a leg) size, and monitor muscle loss of up to 51%. “Ideally, our proposed sensor could help health care providers give patients more personal treatment plans and create less pressure on patients themselves,” said Allynna Rice, lead author of the study. The first known approach to monitoring muscle atrophy used a wearable device. It was built to create health sensors for NASA. The space agency is interested in monitoring the health of astronauts in a variety of ways, as spending large amounts of time in space can often have detrimental effects on the human body. Researchers have spent decades trying to understand and prevent these effects, and this study was inspired by the goal of finding solutions to health issues facing astronauts. But creating a wearable device capable of accurately measuring small muscle changes in the human body is easier said than done. A stretchable material is needed since the person’s limbs are going to be changing. We need a sensor that can change and bend. After some experiments, researchers found that a “zig-zag” pattern was perfect for achieving it. This pattern is the reason the sensor may be scalable (可扩展的) across multiple different body parts or even several locations on the same limb. The study notes that the next step would most likely be to connect the device to a mobile app, one that could be used to record and deliver health information directly to health care providers. “In the future, we would like to put more sensors and even more capabilities to our wearable device,” Rice said. 12. What is the disadvantage of frequent MRI testing for muscle atrophy? A. Being inconvenient and troublesome. B. Being limited in use and acceptance. C. Being inefficient and expensive. D. Being harmful to patients’ health. 13. What is the new wearable device expected to do? A. Prevent the body of muscle loss. B. Find out the reason for muscle atrophy. C. Reduce the possibility of muscle disease. D. Help patients get individualized treatments. 14. What does the underlined word “detrimental” possibly mean in the third paragraph? A. Predictive. B. Unexpected. C. Damaging. D. Protective. 15. Why is “zig-zag” pattern applied to the wearable device’s material? A. To improve its appearance. B. To adapt to the changing body. C. To mark its first use in NASA. D. To make its service time longer. 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍一种新型电子线电磁传感器，它可以替代核磁共振监测肌肉萎缩，该设备灵感来自航天需求，依靠锯齿结构适配肢体形变，未来计划对接手机应用进一步完善。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Physicians at present rely on MRI to test the size and amount of patients’ muscle to judge it, but frequent testing can be time-consuming and costly.(目前医生依靠核磁共振检查患者肌肉的大小和总量来判断肌肉萎缩，但频繁检测既耗时间又花费高昂)”可知，频繁做核磁共振的缺点是低效且昂贵。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Ideally, our proposed sensor could help health care providers give patients more personal treatment plans and create less pressure on patients themselves.(理想情况下，我们研发的传感器能够帮助医护人员为患者提供更加个性化的治疗方案，减轻患者自身的压力)”可知，这款可穿戴设备有望帮助患者获得个体化治疗。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段“The space agency is interested in monitoring the health of astronauts in a variety of ways, as spending large amounts of time in space can often have detrimental effects on the human body.(航天局想用多种方式监测宇航员健康，因为长时间待在太空往往会对人体产生detrimental影响)”以及“Researchers have spent decades trying to understand and prevent these effects, and this study was inspired by the goal of finding solutions to health issues facing astronauts.(研究人员数十年来一直在努力理解和预防这些影响，而这项研究的灵感来源于寻找解决宇航员所面临健康问题的方法)”可知，研究者想要消除这类影响，说明对人体有害。detrimental表示“有破坏性的、有害的”。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“A stretchable material is needed since the person’s limbs are going to be changing. We need a sensor that can change and bend. After some experiments, researchers found that a “zig-zag” pattern was perfect for achieving it.(人的肢体形态会发生变化，所以需要可拉伸材料，我们需要能够形变、弯曲的传感器，经过实验研究者发现锯齿形结构正好可以实现这一点)”可知采用锯齿纹路是为了适应不断变化的身体。 第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） A national park is an area set aside by a government for the preservation of the natural environment. The national parks in the United States and Canada center on the protection of both land and wildlife. ___16___ And those in Africa primarily protect animals. It is widely thought that the idea of a park or nature reserve under state ownership started in the United States in 1870. ___17___ Yosemite, Sequoia, and General Grant National Parks were established in the United States in 1890. And the U. S. National Park Service (NPS)was created in 1916 to manage the parks. ___18___ In addition to national parks, the system included national preserves, seashores, historic parks and sites and so on. Partly following the American example, movements supporting national parks sprang up in many other countries. ___19___ . And Canada set up its first three national parks in the mid-1880s. The establishment of modern national parks and nature reserves gained momentum (动力)only after World War I or, in some cases, after World War II in Europe. Great Britain established the administrative machinery for both national parks and nature reserves in 1949. ___20___ But interest in parks came later in Asia and Latin America than it did in the Anglo-American countries and Europe. A. These movements began in Canada. B. George Catlin offered the idea during the 1830s. C. Visitors are allowed to enter for different purposes. D. Those in the United Kingdom center mainly on the land. E. Japan and Mexico established their first national parks in the 1930s. F. By the early 21st century the NPS managed more than 400 separate areas. G. It is also thought that the world’s first such park was Yellowstone National Park in Wyoming. 【答案】16. D 17. G 18. F 19. A 20. E 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了国家公园，包括其功能，历史以及发展。 【16题详解】 根据上文“The national parks in the United States and Canada center on the protection of both land and wildlife.”（美国和加拿大的国家公园以保护土地和野生动物为中心。）说明美国和加拿大的国家公园的保护对象，以及下文“And those in Africa primarily protect animals.”（而那些在非洲的人主要是保护动物。）可知，选项D项Those in the United Kingdom center mainly on the land.（而英国则主要集中在陆地上。）承接上下文对于美国和加拿大、非洲国家公园的介绍，说明了国家公园在不同国家和地区的功能，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。 【17题详解】 根据上文“It is widely thought that the idea of a park or nature reserve under state ownership started in the United States in 1870.”（人们普遍认为，国家所有的公园或自然保护区的想法始于1870年的美国。）说明人们关于国家公园的起始的观点之一。选项G项It is also thought that the world’s first such park was Yellowstone National Park in Wyoming.（人们还认为，世界上第一个这样的公园是怀俄明州的黄石国家公园。）为说明另一个起始观点，承接上文内容，上下文紧密连接，符合语境。故选G项。 【18题详解】 根据上文“And the U. S. National Park Service (NPS)was created in 1916 to manage the parks.”（美国国家公园管理局(NPS)成立于1916年，负责管理这些公园。）说明美国国家公园管理局的行政职责。选项F项By the early 21st century the NPS managed more than 400 separate areas.（到21世纪初，NPS管理着400多个独立的区域。）承接上文内容，介绍了美国国家公园管理局的成立与发展，其中该句中的NPS与上文中的NPS是原词复现的关系。故选F项。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Partly following the American example, movements supporting national parks sprang up in many other countries.”（部分效仿美国的例子，支持国家公园的运动在许多其他国家兴起。）提到支持国家公园的运动。选项A项These movements began in Canada.（这些运动始于加拿大。）承接上文内容，构成语意上的顺承关系，These movements指代上文中的movements supporting national parks，上下文语意连贯，且与下文Canada set up呼应。故选A项。 【20题详解】 根据下文“But interest in parks came later in Asia and Latin America than it did in the Anglo-American countries and Europe.”（但在亚洲和拉丁美洲，人们对公园的兴趣比英美国家和欧洲来得晚。）为转折关系，说明人们对公园的兴趣比英美国家和欧洲来得晚。空前一句“Great Britain established the administrative machinery for both national parks and nature reserves in 1949.”（1949年，英国建立了国家公园和自然保护区的管理机构。）表明英国的机构建立时间。选项E项Japan and Mexico established their first national parks in the 1930s.（日本和墨西哥在20世纪30年代建立了第一个国家公园。）可知，此句介绍了国家公园在亚洲和拉丁美洲的发展。该句中的Japan and Mexico与下文中的Asia and Latin America相呼应。故选E项。 第二部分 语言运用 II. 完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） Rockets were probably invented by accident about 2000 years ago. The Chinese had a form of gunpowder which was put in bamboo tubes and thrown into fires to make ___21___ during festivals.Perhaps some of the tubes jumped out of the fire instead of exploding in it. The Chinese ___22___ that the gunpowder escaping from the tube could lift it into the air. The idea of the rocket was ___23___. The first ___24___ use of rockets was in 1232. The Song Dynasty was at war with the Mongols. During the ___25___ of Kaifeng, the Song army ___26___ “arrows of flying fire”. The tubes were ___27___ to a long stick which helped keep the rocket moving in a straight direction. ___28___ the Mongols learned how to make rockets themselves and it is possible that they ___29___ them to Europe. Between the 13th and 15th century there were many rocket ___30___ in England, France and Italy. They were used for military purposes. One Italian scientist even invented a rocket which could travel over the surface of water and hit a(an) ___31___ ship. Not everybody wanted to use rockets in battles. Wan Hu, a Chinese government official, invented a ___32___ chair. He attached two big kites to the chair, and 47 rockets to the kites. The rockets were lit, there was a huge explosion and ___33___ of thick smoke. When the smoke ___34___ Wan Hu and his chair had disappeared, no one knows what happened. Did Wan Hu die in the explosion? Or was he carried miles into space, becoming the world’s first ___35___? 21. A. cuisines B. decorations C. explosions D. differences 22. A. thought B. discovered C. understood D. decided 23. A. born B. burst C. found D. improved 24. A. political B. official C. military D. scientific 25. A. occupation B. attack C. search D. battle 26. A. lifted B. shot C. exploded D. flied 27. A. attached B. shaken C. wrapped D. blown 28. A. Finally B. Suddenly C. Soon D. Thus 29. A. delivered B. threw C. passed D. introduced 30. A. transformations B. performances C. experiments D. exhibitions 31. A. business B. official C. transportation D. enemy 32. A. flying B. diving C. surfing D. blowing 33. A. packs B. clouds C. masses D. bunches 34. A. faded B. completed C. cleared D. reflected 35. A. scientist B. researcher C. astronaut D. explorer 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了火箭可能是2000年前偶然发明的，并且介绍了不同国家发明火箭的尝试。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：中国人有一种装在竹筒里的火药，在节日期间被扔进火里去制造爆炸。A.cuisines烹饪；B.decorations装饰；C.explosions爆炸；D.differences差异。结合常识和空格前的句子“The Chinese had a form of gunpowder which was put in bamboo tubes and thrown into fires to…（中国人有一种装在竹筒里的火药，在节日期间被扔进火里）”可以推断是目的是制造爆炸。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：中国人发现，从管子中逸出的火药可能会把它送到空中。A.thought认为；B.discovered发现；C.understood理解；D.decided决定。 结合空格前一句“Perhaps some of the tubes jumped out of the fire instead of exploding in it.（也许有些管子从火中跳了出来，而不是在里面爆炸。）”和空格后的that从句介绍的“从管子中逸出的火药可能会把它送到空中”，可以推断是中国人发现了这一现象。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：火箭的想法就诞生了。A.born诞生；B.burst爆发；C.found发现；D.improved改善。结合文章第一句“Rockets were probably invented by accident about 2000 years ago.（火箭可能是2000年前偶然发明的。）” 可知第一段介绍了如何偶然发明火箭的想法，所以应该是表达“火箭的想法就诞生了。”。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：火箭第一次在军事上的使用是在1232年。A.political政治的；B.official官方的；C.military军事的；D.scientific科学的。结合后一句“The Song Dynasty was at war with the Mongols.（宋朝与蒙古人交战。）”，可知这句应该表达的是“火箭在军事上的使用”。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在开封战役中，宋军射出了“飞火之箭”。A.occupation占领；B.attack攻击；C.search搜寻；D.battle战斗。结合前一句提到的“The Song Dynasty was at war with the Mongols.（宋朝与蒙古人交战。）”和下一句的“the Song army（宋军）”推断这里讲述的应该是开封战役。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在开封战役中，宋军射出了“飞火之箭”。A.lifted举起；B.shot发射，射击；C.exploded爆炸；D.flied飞行。结合宾语“arrows of flying fire（飞火之箭）” 可知宋军发射了火箭。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些管子连接在一根长杆上，这根长杆帮助火箭沿直线移动。A.attached连接，缠；B.shaken摇晃；C.wrapped包裹；D.blown吹。结合主语“The tubes（这些管子）” 和空格之后的句子“to a long stick which helped keep the rocket moving in a straight direction.（到一根长杆上，这有助于保持火箭沿直线方向移动。）”可以推断是“被连接到一根长杆上”符合题意。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：很快，蒙古人学会了如何自己制造火箭，很可能他们把火箭引进到欧洲。A.Finally最后；B.Suddenly突然地；C.Soon很快；D.Thus因此。结合下文提到“the Mongols learned how to make rockets themselves（蒙古人学会了如何自己制造火箭）”，推断应该表示时间上的延续，soon符合题意。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，蒙古人学会了如何自己制造火箭，很可能他们把火箭引进到欧洲。A.delivered递送；B.threw扔；C.passed通过；D.introduced介绍，引进。结合空格后的“them to Europe.（它们到欧洲）”，结合下一句提到“英国、法国和意大利”，推断表达的是“很可能他们把火箭引进到欧洲。”故选D。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在13世纪到15世纪之间，英国、法国和意大利进行了许多火箭实验。A.transformations转变；B.performances表演；C.experiments实验；D.exhibitions展览。结合下一句“They were used for military purposes.（它们被用于军事目的。）” 和下一句提到“一位意大利科学家甚至发明了一种可以在水面上飞行的火箭”推断是“进行了许多火箭实验”。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位意大利科学家甚至发明了一种可以在水面上飞行并击中敌舰的火箭。A.business商业，买卖；B.official官员，高级职员；C.transportation运输；D.enemy敌人。结合上一句 “They were used for military purposes.（它们被用于军事目的。）”推断这里应该是“发明了一种可以在水面上飞行并击中敌舰的火箭。”，用energy ship表示“敌舰”。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：中国政府官员万虎发明了一把飞天椅。A.flying飞行；B.diving潜水；C.surfing冲浪；D.blowing吹风。结合上一句“Not everybody wanted to use rockets in battles.（并不是每个人都想在战斗中使用火箭。）”，可以推断这句应该提到的是“万虎发明了一把飞天椅”。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：火箭被点燃，发生了巨大的爆炸，浓烟滚滚。A.packs包；B.clouds云，云状物；C.masses大量，许多；D.bunches束，串。结合常识，火箭被点燃，出现大量的浓烟，像云朵一样，“clouds of thick smoke（浓烟滚滚）”。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当烟雾消散时，万虎和他的椅子消失了，没人知道发生了什么。A.faded褪色；B.completed完成；C.cleared清除；D.reflected反射，反思。结合空格后的句子“Wan Hu and his chair had disappeared, no one knows what happened.（万虎和他的椅子消失了，没人知道发生了什么。）”，可推断是烟雾消散后的场景。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：还是他被带到了数英里外的太空，成为了世界上第一位宇航员？A.scientist科学家；B.researcher研究员；C.astronaut宇航员；D.explorer探险家。结合本段叙述的万虎发明飞天椅和“miles into space”可推断，他可能“成为了世界上第一位宇航员”。故选C。 III. 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chen Ning Yang: A Great Physicist Chen Ning Yang, one of the most influential theoretical ___36___ (physicist) of the 20th century, made remarkable contributions to modern physics. He was best known for co-developing the Yang-Mills theory (杨-米尔斯理论), which later became the foundation of the Standard Model of particle physics. Born in Hefei, China, in 1922, Yang ___37___ (raise) in an academic family and spent his childhood at Tsinghua University, ___38___ his father worked as a mathematics professor. This early exposure ___39___ academic life shaped his future career. After receiving his bachelor’s degree and his master’s in China, he went to America, ___40___ (earn) his Ph.D. (博士学位) from the University of Chicago in 1948. In 1956, Yang and Tsung-Dao Lee proposed the theory of parity non-conservation (宇称不守恒理论), ___41___ groundbreaking discovery that overturned traditional ideas in physics. The theory later confirmed by Chien-Shiung Wu’s experiment, ___42___ (win) them the 1957 Nobel Prize in Physics. Yang believed that scientific curiosity and independent ___43___ (think) are the soul of innovation. He encouraged scientists to think independently and ___44___ (combine) scientific research with cultural understanding. Having made great achievements, Yang returned to China after retiring in 1999. He helped establish research programs and encouraged young Chinese scientists. He passed away in Beijing in 2025 at 103, leaving a ___45___ (last) scientific legacy (遗产). 【答案】36. physicists 37. was raised 38. where 39. to 40. earning 41. a 42. winning 43. thinking 44. combine 45. lasting 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍20世纪伟大物理学家杨振宁的生平与科学成就。 【36题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：杨振宁是20世纪最具影响力的理论物理学家之一，为现代物理学做出了卓越贡献。固定结构one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数，表“最……的……之一”，physicist的复数形式为physicists。 【37题详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意：杨振宁1922年出生于中国合肥，在一个学术家庭中长大，童年在清华大学度过，他的父亲当时在清华担任数学教授。句子描述过去发生的成长经历，应用一般过去时，主语Yang与raise构成被动关系，主语是单数，be动词用was。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：同上。此处引导定语从句修饰先行词Tsinghua University，先行词指代地点，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导从句。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意：早年浸润在学术生活中的这段经历，塑造了他未来的职业道路。固定搭配exposure to sth.意为“接触、浸润在某事物中”。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在国内取得学士和硕士学位后，他前往美国，于1948年在芝加哥大学取得博士学位。此处主语he与动词earn构成逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词作结果状语。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：1956年，杨振宁和李政道提出了宇称不守恒理论，这是一项颠覆了物理学传统观念的突破性发现。此处泛指“一项突破性的发现”，groundbreaking是发音以辅音音素开头的词，应用不定冠词a修饰。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这一理论之后被吴健雄的实验证实，让两人共同获得了1957年的诺贝尔物理学奖。后面是前面产生的顺其自然的结果，应用现在分词winning作结果状语。 【43题详解】 考查动名词。句意：杨振宁认为，科学好奇心与独立思考是创新的灵魂。and连接并列名词，independent为形容词，后面需要接名词，think的名词形式是thinking。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他鼓励科学家独立思考，同时将科学研究与文化理解相结合。固定搭配encourage sb. to do sth.中，and连接两个并列的不定式结构，前面已有to，此处直接用动词原形combine。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：他2025年在北京逝世，享年103岁，留下了一份影响深远的科学遗产。此处修饰名词legacy，需要将动词last转换为形容词lasting，意为“持久的、影响深远的”。 IV. 单词拼写 根据下列句子及所缺单词的汉语意思及首字母，写出单词的正确形式。每空只能填一个单词（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 46. The company plans to ______ (扩展) its branches into international markets. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】expand 【解析】 【详解】句意：该公司计划将其分支机构扩展至国际市场。根据汉语提示可知用动词expand，且不定式符号to后接原形。 47. When a caring person ______ (收养) a pet from a shelter, he will give it a loving home. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】adopts 【解析】 【详解】句意：当一个有爱心的人从收容所收养宠物时，他会给它一个充满爱的家。adopt表示“收养”，主语a caring person是单数，主句为一般将来时，从句为一般现在时，谓语动词用adopts。 48. Because they’re handmade, each one v______ (变化，不同) slightly. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】varies##aries 【解析】 【详解】句意：因为它们都是手工制作的，每一件都会有轻微的不同。根据句意和汉语提示“变化，不同”，可知动词vary符合题意。主语each one是单数，句子用一般现在时，谓语动词应填第三人称单数形式varies。 49. In modern country, scientists ______ (偏爱) researching technology that promotes convenience.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】prefer 【解析】 【详解】句意：在现代国家，科学家们偏爱研究能提升便利性的技术。根据汉语提示“偏爱”可知，应填动词prefer；描述客观事实或一般倾向，用一般现在时，主语scientists为复数，谓语动词用原形。 50. There are many ______ (方面) to consider when planning a successful event.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】aspects 【解析】 【详解】句意：在策划一场成功的活动时，有许多方面需要考虑。根据汉语提示“方面”可知，应填名词aspect；由空前的many修饰，应用可数名词复数形式aspects。 51. ______(陪伴) by her son, the old lady stepped into the store gracefully.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】Accompanied 【解析】 【详解】句意：在儿子的陪伴下，这位老妇人优雅地走进了商店。根据汉语提示“陪伴”可知，应填动词accompany；句中已有谓语动词stepped，且无连词，故此处作状语；the old lady与accompany之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式，且位于句首首字母大写。 52. Meanwhile, they are also trying to ___________(处理) the problem of cars wasting too much heat energy. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】address##handle 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：与此同时，他们也在努力处理汽车浪费过多热能的问题。设空处使用动词与空前的to构成不定式结构，address/handle，意为“处理，解决”符合语境。故填address/handle。 53. The police were d______ (保卫) themselves and others against mortal danger. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】defending##efending 【解析】 【详解】句意：警察正在保护他们自己和其他人免受致命危险。根据首字母d及汉语提示“保卫”可知，应填动词defend；结合空前的were及语境可知，此处表示过去正在进行的动作，用过去进行时（were + doing），故用defending。 54. The moment he heard the news, tears of happiness ___________(倾泻，涌流) down his checks. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】poured 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：当他听到这个消息时，幸福的泪水从他的脸颊上涌流下来。根据汉语提示可知应填动词pour，结合上文heard可知为一般过去时。故填poured。 55. She was an accomplished pianist, a superb swimmer, and a ______ (有天赋的) artist.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】gifted 【解析】 【详解】句意：她是一位技艺精湛的钢琴家、一名出色的游泳运动员，也是一位有天赋的艺术家。根据汉语提示“有天赋的”可知，应填形容词gifted，作定语修饰名词artist，符合语境。 V. 完成句子 根据中文意思及提示，完成下面句子，每空只填一词。（满分15分） 56. 许多水果含有丰富的维生素和矿物质；例如，橙子是维生素C的良好来源。 Many fruits are high in vitamins and minerals; ______ ______, oranges are a great source of vitamin C. 【答案】 ①. for ②. example 【解析】 【详解】“例如”用固定短语for example，常作插入语，用逗号与句子其他部分隔开。 57. 在进行长途徒步旅行之前，小组聚集在一起规划他们的路线，然后启程开始他们的冒险之旅。 Before the long hike, the group gathered to plan their route and ______ ______ on the adventure. 【答案】 ①. set ②. off 【解析】 【详解】“启程/出发”用动词短语set off，与前面的plan并列，不定式to后接动词原形，故用原形set off。 58. 有超过五百名学生参与了这次运动会。 There were over 500 students ______ ______ in the sports-meet. 【答案】 ①. taking ②. part 【解析】 【详解】固定搭配take part in表示“参加”，students和take part in是主动关系，此处用现在分词作后置定语，所以take变为taking。 59. 多亏了朋友坚定地支持我，我才有勇气面对困难。 ______ ______ my friends’ firm support, I had the courage to face difficulties. 【答案】 ①. Thanks ②. to 【解析】 【详解】根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“多亏了”，应用介词短语thanks to，意为“多亏，由于”，位于句首首字母需大写。 60. 这部电影给我印象最深的是它令人惊讶的结局。 ___________ ___________ me most about the film was its ___________ ending. 【答案】 ①. What ②. impressed ③. surprising 【解析】 【详解】考查主语从句、动词时态和形容词。根据中英文提示可知，需要翻译的部分是“这本书给我们印象最深的”，表示“使印象深刻”应用impress，结合“was”可知，使用一般过去时；表示“这部电影给我印象最深的是”应用what impressed me most，what引导主语从句，在从句中作主语；“人惊讶的”为surprising，作定语修饰名词。故填What impressed ；surprising。 61. 古典音乐深深吸引着不少人，只因它承载着一个信念——真正的美能跨越时间与文化的界限。 Classical music deeply ______ ______ many people, simply because it carries the belief ______ true beauty can transcend the boundaries of time and culture. 【答案】 ①. appeals ②. to ③. that 【解析】 【详解】表示“吸引某人”用固定搭配appeal to sb，主语Classical music是单数，描述客观事实用一般现在时，谓语动词用appeals；belief后面是同位语从句，从句句意完整，不缺成分，用that引导，解释说明belief的具体内容。 62. 有效的沟通可以帮助不同文化群体之间打破障碍。 Effective communication can help ______ ______ ______ between different cultural groups. 【答案】 ①. break ②. down ③. barriers 【解析】 【详解】“打破”用动词短语break down，help (to) do sth结构中用动词原形；“障碍”用名词barriers，复数形式表泛指。 63. 我们班活动办得很成功的原因是，负责不同环节的同学都尽心履职。 The reason ______ our class activity was a great success was ______ the students ______ different parts performed their duties wholeheartedly. 【答案】 ①. why ②. that ③. for 【解析】 【详解】“……的原因”用the reason why...，why引导定语从句修饰reason；系动词was后接表语从句，从句意义完整、结构齐全，用that引导；“负责……”用介词for表示，介词短语作后置定语修饰students。 64. 2018年大学毕业后，王华回到了家乡。他建立了由五个人组成的团队为村民们提供有机耕作的知识。他致力于使村民们脱贫。 After ______ ______ the university in 2018, Wang Hua came back to his hometown. He founded a team which was ______ ______ five people to offer some knowledge about organic farming to the villagers there. He was ______ ______ getting the villagers out of poverty. 【答案】 ①. graduating ②. from ③. made up ④. of ⑤. devoted ⑥. to 【解析】 【详解】表示“毕业于”用graduate from，after为介词，后接动名词graduating from；表示“由……组成”用固定短语be made up of，此处which was made up of five people作team的定语，此两空分别填made up和of；表示“致力于做某事”用be devoted to (doing) sth，to为介词，后接动名词getting，此两空填devoted to。 65. 那些失败者往往会将其失败归咎于社会。 Those who fail tend to ______ the world ______ their failure. 【答案】 ①. blame ②. for 【解析】 【详解】“把……归咎于”用固定短语blame sb./sth. for sth.，tend to后接动词原形；第一空填blame，第二空填for。 VI. 书面表达（满分15分） 66. 目前，劳动教育越来越受重视，但有些学生认为高中生功课比较忙，劳动太占时间或影响学习……为此，你校校报英语专栏就此话题发起征文活动，请你以“My Opinion on Labor Education”为题写一篇短文参加征文活动。 注意： 1. 词数100词左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 My Opinion on Labor Education Nowadays, labor education is getting more and more attention in schools. However, some students hold the view that we are busy with our schoolwork and labor takes up too much time, which will have a bad influence on our study. As far as I am concerned, labor education is of great value. For one thing, labor helps us build up our bodies and develop good living habits. For another, it teaches us to respect the hard work of others. Besides, we can learn practical skills that we cannot get from textbooks. Therefore, we should take an active part in labor activities and balance study and labor properly. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以“My Opinion on Labor Education”为题写短文，发表对劳动教育的看法。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 忙的：busy→ occupied 影响：influence → impact 帮助：help→ assist 尊重：respect→ esteem 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：For another, it teaches us to respect the hard work of others. 拓展句：For another, it teaches us to respect the hard work of others, which helps us become more responsible members of society. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】However, some students hold the view that we are busy with our schoolwork and labor takes up too much time, which will have a bad influence on our study. (运用了that引导的同位语从句以及which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型 2】Besides, we can learn practical skills that we cannot get from textbooks.(运用了that引导的限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026学年第一学期阶段性监测题 高二英语（问卷） 本试题满分120分　考试时间120分钟 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和学号、班别填写在答题卡上，并用2B铅笔在答题卡上的相应位置填涂学号。 2. 选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） A Experience fine art at these famous museums and galleries around the world. The Prado, Madrid, Spain The Spanish royal family is responsible for the Prado’s classical masterpieces. Over centuries, kings and queens collected art with passion and good taste. In addition to stars of Spanish painting such as Velazquez, Goya and Ribera, the Prado has big collections of Italian artists such as Raphael. Fernando VII opened the collection to the public in 1819, in the same building it’s housed in today, designed by Juan de Villanueva. Main attraction: The oil painting The Three Graces by Rubens. Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam, the Netherlands About 900,000 objects fill the Rijksmuseum, the largest collection of art and history in the Netherlands. It is most famous for its paintings by 17th-century Dutch masters, including Ruysdael, Frans Hals, Johannes Vermeer and Rembrandt van Rijn. Established in 1800 to exhibit the collections of the Dutch stadholders(总督), the Rijksmuseum also displays art from the Middle Ages. The main building is closed for repair now; collection highlights are displayed in the Philips Wing and at Rijksmuseum Schiphol. Main attraction: The painting The Night Watch by Rembrandt. The Uffizi Gallery, Florence, Italy In Italy, there are many monuments and works of art that get the highest praise. In the case of the Uffizi Gallery, it holds the world’s finest collection of Renaissance paintings. All the famous names of Italian art are here — not only the Renaissance masters, but also painters from the early periods. Main attraction: The painting The Birth of Venus by Botticelli. The British Museum, London, England Britain’s largest museum looks after the national collection of archaeology (考古学). It houses more than eight million objects from different historical periods. The Egyptian gallery contains the world’s second finest collection of Egyptian antiquities (古物) outside Egypt. Main attraction: The Rosetta Stone carved in 196 B. C. 1. Who made the Prado collection open to the public? A. Kings and queens. B. Velazquez. C. Rubens. D. Fernando VII. 2. Which of the following statements is wrong about Rijksmuseum? A. It was built in the 19th century. B. It as a whole is available for visiting now. C. Its best-known painting is The Night Watch. D. It is used to show collections of art and history in the Netherlands. 3. What is the similarity between the Uffizi Gallery and the British Museum? A. They present all the famous names of Italian art. B. They contains Egyptian antiquities outside Egypt. C. They display collections from different times. D. They hold the national collections of archeology. B Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles. Jaramillo’s students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores. “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks,” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new. Urban Sprouts’ classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands-on experiments such as soil testing, flower-and-seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. Several times a year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools. Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. “We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they’re eating differently,” Jaramillo says. She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.” 4. What do we know about Abby Jaramillo? A. She used to be a health worker. B. She grew up in a low-income family. C. She owns a fast food restaurant. D. She is an initiator of Urban Sprouts. 5. What was a problem facing Jaramillo at the start of the program? A. The kids’ parents distrusted her. B. Students had little time for her classes. C. Some kids disliked garden work. D. There was no space for school gardens. 6. Which of the following best describes the impact of the program? A. Far-reaching. B. Predictable. C. Short-lived. D. Unidentifiable. 7. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Rescuing School Gardens B. Experiencing Country Life C. Growing Vegetable Lovers D. Changing Local Landscape C The way you learn most effectively will impact many different aspects of your life. Visual (视觉的) learners process information best when it’s presented with images drawn on a whiteboard, charts or graphs. Visual learners usually process pictures before they read printed text and are also able to visualize concepts quickly. People who are visual learners would prefer it if instruction is printed rather than given verbally (口头地), and may often write or draw when attempting to make sense of a new topic. Many visual learners remember something better once they’ve written it down or drawn it out. Auditory (听觉的) learners process information best when it’s said out loud, such as in a lecture setting or spoken presentation. This type of learners can easily recall what others say and prefer to talk through topics they find complex or difficult to understand. People who are auditory learners prefer verbal directions and may use repetition or repeat things aloud to memorize things. They may ask questions to understand the subject matter better and may need to hear something repeated more than once before they fully comprehend. Auditory learners also often benefit from listening to recordings as a method of absorbing new concepts. Kinesthetic (动觉的) learners process information through experience rather than by being shown or told. This type of learners prefer to do things that are more “hands­on”. They prefer to touch and feel items and can easily recall things they’ve done. People who are kinesthetic learners like to make and create things using their hands, and remember information best when they are physically involved. Kinesthetic learners like to participate in the process by shadowing or assisting others, and prefer to practice or rehearse concepts as a way to absorb new information. Take time to consider how you prefer to take in new information. Think about the last time how you worked to ensure you retained the information. The answers to these questions will help you discover which learning style works best for you. 8. What do visual learners do to form an idea in mind? A. Visualize or read something. B. Process or present something. C. Recall or speak. D. Write or draw. 9. Who can comprehend something repeated better? A. Visual learners. B. Auditory learners. C. Kinesthetic learners. D. Lifelong learners. 10. What does the underlined word “shadowing” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Reflecting perfectly. B. Watching closely. C. Memorizing carefully. D. Asking constantly. 11. What is the purpose of the writer to explain learning styles? A. To help readers explore learning styles. B. To introduce effective learning methods. C. To arouse readers’ curiosity about learning. D. To inform readers of a new scientific study about learning. D A condition involving the loss of muscle and strength, muscle atrophy (肌肉萎缩) can happen for a variety of reasons. Physicians at present rely on MRI to test the size and amount of patients’ muscle to judge it, but frequent testing can be time-consuming and costly. However, a new study suggests that an electromagnetic sensor (电磁传感器) made out of conductive “e-thread” could be used as a replacement for frequent monitoring using MRI. The findings show that it was able to measure small changes in the whole limb (an arm or a leg) size, and monitor muscle loss of up to 51%. “Ideally, our proposed sensor could help health care providers give patients more personal treatment plans and create less pressure on patients themselves,” said Allynna Rice, lead author of the study. The first known approach to monitoring muscle atrophy used a wearable device. It was built to create health sensors for NASA. The space agency is interested in monitoring the health of astronauts in a variety of ways, as spending large amounts of time in space can often have detrimental effects on the human body. Researchers have spent decades trying to understand and prevent these effects, and this study was inspired by the goal of finding solutions to health issues facing astronauts. But creating a wearable device capable of accurately measuring small muscle changes in the human body is easier said than done. A stretchable material is needed since the person’s limbs are going to be changing. We need a sensor that can change and bend. After some experiments, researchers found that a “zig-zag” pattern was perfect for achieving it. This pattern is the reason the sensor may be scalable (可扩展的) across multiple different body parts or even several locations on the same limb. The study notes that the next step would most likely be to connect the device to a mobile app, one that could be used to record and deliver health information directly to health care providers. “In the future, we would like to put more sensors and even more capabilities to our wearable device,” Rice said. 12. What is the disadvantage of frequent MRI testing for muscle atrophy? A. Being inconvenient and troublesome. B. Being limited in use and acceptance. C. Being inefficient and expensive. D. Being harmful to patients’ health. 13. What is the new wearable device expected to do? A. Prevent the body of muscle loss. B. Find out the reason for muscle atrophy. C. Reduce the possibility of muscle disease. D. Help patients get individualized treatments. 14. What does the underlined word “detrimental” possibly mean in the third paragraph? A. Predictive. B. Unexpected. C. Damaging. D. Protective. 15. Why is “zig-zag” pattern applied to the wearable device’s material? A. To improve its appearance. B. To adapt to the changing body. C. To mark its first use in NASA. D. To make its service time longer. 第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） A national park is an area set aside by a government for the preservation of the natural environment. The national parks in the United States and Canada center on the protection of both land and wildlife. ___16___ And those in Africa primarily protect animals. It is widely thought that the idea of a park or nature reserve under state ownership started in the United States in 1870. ___17___ Yosemite, Sequoia, and General Grant National Parks were established in the United States in 1890. And the U. S. National Park Service (NPS)was created in 1916 to manage the parks. ___18___ In addition to national parks, the system included national preserves, seashores, historic parks and sites and so on. Partly following the American example, movements supporting national parks sprang up in many other countries. ___19___ . And Canada set up its first three national parks in the mid-1880s. The establishment of modern national parks and nature reserves gained momentum (动力)only after World War I or, in some cases, after World War II in Europe. Great Britain established the administrative machinery for both national parks and nature reserves in 1949. ___20___ But interest in parks came later in Asia and Latin America than it did in the Anglo-American countries and Europe. A. These movements began in Canada. B. George Catlin offered the idea during the 1830s. C. Visitors are allowed to enter for different purposes. D. Those in the United Kingdom center mainly on the land. E. Japan and Mexico established their first national parks in the 1930s. F. By the early 21st century the NPS managed more than 400 separate areas. G. It is also thought that the world’s first such park was Yellowstone National Park in Wyoming. 第二部分 语言运用 II. 完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） Rockets were probably invented by accident about 2000 years ago. The Chinese had a form of gunpowder which was put in bamboo tubes and thrown into fires to make ___21___ during festivals.Perhaps some of the tubes jumped out of the fire instead of exploding in it. The Chinese ___22___ that the gunpowder escaping from the tube could lift it into the air. The idea of the rocket was ___23___. The first ___24___ use of rockets was in 1232. The Song Dynasty was at war with the Mongols. During the ___25___ of Kaifeng, the Song army ___26___ “arrows of flying fire”. The tubes were ___27___ to a long stick which helped keep the rocket moving in a straight direction. ___28___ the Mongols learned how to make rockets themselves and it is possible that they ___29___ them to Europe. Between the 13th and 15th century there were many rocket ___30___ in England, France and Italy. They were used for military purposes. One Italian scientist even invented a rocket which could travel over the surface of water and hit a(an) ___31___ ship. Not everybody wanted to use rockets in battles. Wan Hu, a Chinese government official, invented a ___32___ chair. He attached two big kites to the chair, and 47 rockets to the kites. The rockets were lit, there was a huge explosion and ___33___ of thick smoke. When the smoke ___34___ Wan Hu and his chair had disappeared, no one knows what happened. Did Wan Hu die in the explosion? Or was he carried miles into space, becoming the world’s first ___35___? 21. A. cuisines B. decorations C. explosions D. differences 22. A. thought B. discovered C. understood D. decided 23. A. born B. burst C. found D. improved 24. A. political B. official C. military D. scientific 25. A. occupation B. attack C. search D. battle 26. A. lifted B. shot C. exploded D. flied 27. A. attached B. shaken C. wrapped D. blown 28. A. Finally B. Suddenly C. Soon D. Thus 29. A. delivered B. threw C. passed D. introduced 30. A. transformations B. performances C. experiments D. exhibitions 31. A. business B. official C. transportation D. enemy 32. A. flying B. diving C. surfing D. blowing 33. A. packs B. clouds C. masses D. bunches 34. A. faded B. completed C. cleared D. reflected 35. A. scientist B. researcher C. astronaut D. explorer III. 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chen Ning Yang: A Great Physicist Chen Ning Yang, one of the most influential theoretical ___36___ (physicist) of the 20th century, made remarkable contributions to modern physics. He was best known for co-developing the Yang-Mills theory (杨-米尔斯理论), which later became the foundation of the Standard Model of particle physics. Born in Hefei, China, in 1922, Yang ___37___ (raise) in an academic family and spent his childhood at Tsinghua University, ___38___ his father worked as a mathematics professor. This early exposure ___39___ academic life shaped his future career. After receiving his bachelor’s degree and his master’s in China, he went to America, ___40___ (earn) his Ph.D. (博士学位) from the University of Chicago in 1948. In 1956, Yang and Tsung-Dao Lee proposed the theory of parity non-conservation (宇称不守恒理论), ___41___ groundbreaking discovery that overturned traditional ideas in physics. The theory later confirmed by Chien-Shiung Wu’s experiment, ___42___ (win) them the 1957 Nobel Prize in Physics. Yang believed that scientific curiosity and independent ___43___ (think) are the soul of innovation. He encouraged scientists to think independently and ___44___ (combine) scientific research with cultural understanding. Having made great achievements, Yang returned to China after retiring in 1999. He helped establish research programs and encouraged young Chinese scientists. He passed away in Beijing in 2025 at 103, leaving a ___45___ (last) scientific legacy (遗产). IV. 单词拼写 根据下列句子及所缺单词的汉语意思及首字母，写出单词的正确形式。每空只能填一个单词（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 46. The company plans to ______ (扩展) its branches into international markets. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 47. When a caring person ______ (收养) a pet from a shelter, he will give it a loving home. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 48. Because they’re handmade, each one v______ (变化，不同) slightly. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 49. In modern country, scientists ______ (偏爱) researching technology that promotes convenience.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 50. There are many ______ (方面) to consider when planning a successful event.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 51. ______(陪伴) by her son, the old lady stepped into the store gracefully.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 52. Meanwhile, they are also trying to ___________(处理) the problem of cars wasting too much heat energy. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 53. The police were d______ (保卫) themselves and others against mortal danger. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 54. The moment he heard the news, tears of happiness ___________(倾泻，涌流) down his checks. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 55. She was an accomplished pianist, a superb swimmer, and a ______ (有天赋的) artist.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) V. 完成句子 根据中文意思及提示，完成下面句子，每空只填一词。（满分15分） 56. 许多水果含有丰富的维生素和矿物质；例如，橙子是维生素C的良好来源。 Many fruits are high in vitamins and minerals; ______ ______, oranges are a great source of vitamin C. 57. 在进行长途徒步旅行之前，小组聚集在一起规划他们的路线，然后启程开始他们的冒险之旅。 Before the long hike, the group gathered to plan their route and ______ ______ on the adventure. 58. 有超过五百名学生参与了这次运动会。 There were over 500 students ______ ______ in the sports-meet. 59. 多亏了朋友坚定地支持我，我才有勇气面对困难。 ______ ______ my friends’ firm support, I had the courage to face difficulties. 60. 这部电影给我印象最深的是它令人惊讶的结局。 ___________ ___________ me most about the film was its ___________ ending. 61. 古典音乐深深吸引着不少人，只因它承载着一个信念——真正的美能跨越时间与文化的界限。 Classical music deeply ______ ______ many people, simply because it carries the belief ______ true beauty can transcend the boundaries of time and culture. 62. 有效的沟通可以帮助不同文化群体之间打破障碍。 Effective communication can help ______ ______ ______ between different cultural groups. 63. 我们班活动办得很成功的原因是，负责不同环节的同学都尽心履职。 The reason ______ our class activity was a great success was ______ the students ______ different parts performed their duties wholeheartedly. 64. 2018年大学毕业后，王华回到了家乡。他建立了由五个人组成的团队为村民们提供有机耕作的知识。他致力于使村民们脱贫。 After ______ ______ the university in 2018, Wang Hua came back to his hometown. He founded a team which was ______ ______ five people to offer some knowledge about organic farming to the villagers there. He was ______ ______ getting the villagers out of poverty. 65. 那些失败者往往会将其失败归咎于社会。 Those who fail tend to ______ the world ______ their failure. VI. 书面表达（满分15分） 66. 目前，劳动教育越来越受重视，但有些学生认为高中生功课比较忙，劳动太占时间或影响学习……为此，你校校报英语专栏就此话题发起征文活动，请你以“My Opinion on Labor Education”为题写一篇短文参加征文活动。 注意： 1. 词数100词左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $