学考专题18 应用文写作：知识盘点+核心精讲+进阶训练（讲义，全国通用）2027年高中英语学业水平考试合格考总复习

专题18 应用文写作 【析】学考考查要点|【汇】知识清单盘点|【研】核心专题精讲|【练】巩固提升训练 —— 目 录 —— 析|学考考查要点 汇|知识清单盘点 研|核心专题精讲 考点一 书信类写作（建议信、邀请信、感谢信、道歉信、申请信、推荐信、咨询信、告知信、祝贺信、慰问信） 考点二 非书信类写作（书面通知、口头通知、演讲稿、倡议书、活动报道、短文投稿、便条、介绍类短文） 练|巩固提升训练 本模块依据《普通高中英语课程标准（2017年版2025年修订）》对本专题在学考中的要求进行梳理，并结合近年全国各地学业水平考试命题实践作出趋势判断。 1.1 课标依据与学考层级要求 应用文写作对应课标必修课程“表达性技能”中的三条：能根据表达需要选择恰当的文体与语域；能写出结构完整、意义连贯的短文；能使用常见的衔接手段组织语篇。学业质量水平一对此的描述是：能以书面形式描述个人经历、表达观点与态度，语言基本正确、意义连贯。换句话说，学考应用文不要求“高级”，要求“完整、正确、得体”。 ● 文体：书信（建议、邀请、感谢、道歉、申请等）与非书信（通知、演讲、倡议、报道等）两大类。 ● 篇幅：约 80 词；三段、六到八句为宜。 ● 情境：多为校园生活、人际交往、社会服务；对象明确，要点由试题给出。 ● 评分：内容要点、语言表达、篇章结构、格式与字数四项，其中“要点”权重最高。 1.2 学考与高考的考查差异 同一题型、不同重心，备考动作也不同。三条差异必须先讲清，否则学生会用高考的写法应对学考。 比较项 学考（学业质量水平一） 高考 要点呈现 约 80 词；要点几乎都明写在试题里，漏写一层即扣内容分 同为 80 词左右，但情境更开放，要点常需自己补充 语言要求 “基本正确、意义连贯”即可，允许少量不影响理解的错误 追求词汇与句式的多样、准确，语言分拉开档次 格式权重 称呼、落款、标题、呼语逐项核对，错一处常直接掉一档 格式分被语言分稀释，重心更多落在内容与表达 备考动作 三段式＋功能句＋体裁模板，先把“对”做到 在正确之外再练立意、衔接与语言亮点 一句话记法：学考是“把该写的写全、把格式写对”，高考是“在写全之外还要写好”。 1.3 2027命题趋势观察与备考策略 趋势一：情境生活化。 从“给外国朋友写信介绍节日”转向“给同学写建议”“为社区活动写通知”，对象更近、语气更实。备考上，多练“同学习惯、校园活动、社区服务”三类题材。 趋势二：要点分层化。 试题常给“活动目的—活动安排—参加要求”三层，一层一句、层与层之间用衔接词，正是三段式对应的结构。 趋势三：反模板化。 完全照搬“万能句”而不替换具体信息的作文，得分反而低。正确用法是“模板给骨架，替换给内容” 2.1 题型定位与评分线 先明确“写什么、按什么标准判”。两类情境的格式要求不同，四条评分线的权重也不同。 类型 常见文体 写作任务 评分关注点 书信类 建议信、邀请信、感谢信、道歉信、申请信、推荐信、咨询信、告知信、祝贺信、慰问信 就某一具体事由与对方沟通：说明来意、交代事由、提出请求或表达情感 格式（称呼＋落款）、要点齐全、语气得体 非书信类 书面通知、口头通知、演讲稿、倡议书、活动报道、短文投稿、便条、介绍类短文 面向群体发布信息或表达观点：说明活动、发出号召、报道事实、介绍对象 标题或呼语、要点齐全、结构清楚 ★ 两条共同底线 ① 要点齐全：试题给出几个要点就写几层，缺一层即扣内容分。 ② 格式正确：该有称呼的写称呼，该有落款的写落款，该有标题的写标题。 这两条不靠语言水平，靠习惯；也是本清单最先要落实的部分。 2.2 通用三段式：每段写什么 应用文的结构高度固定。三段各有分工：第一段点明来意，第二段展开要点，第三段收束期待。把这三段的功能记牢，任何体裁都只是换句式，不换骨架。 段位 功能 必写内容 第一段（开头） 点明来意 写信目的或活动缘由；书信类先有一句背景或问候 第二段（主体） 展开要点 时间、地点、内容、理由、建议、请求——试题给几个要点就写几层，层与层之间用衔接语隔开 第三段（结尾） 收束与期待 期待回复、表达祝愿、重申请求或推荐；不引入新信息 易错提醒：第二段是“要点段”，不是“抒情段” 得分主要发生在第二段。 试题给三个要点，第二段就要有三层，每层一句、层间用分层衔接语或时间顺序词隔开。 两种常见写法都不好：① 第二段只写一句，把要点挤到第一段——结构失衡；② 第二段写成一大段抒情——要点被淹没。 一个可操作的检查：写完第二段，数一数“有几层意思”。层数少于试题要点数，立刻补一句；层数多于要点数，删去与要点无关的句子。 2.3 常用句式清单（按功能） 功能一　点明来意 1. This letter is about the volunteer programme advertised in our school newspaper.　 译：这封信想谈的是校报上刊登的志愿者项目。 2. I am writing in the hope that you can tell me more about the summer camp.　 译：我写信是希望你能多告诉我一些夏令营的情况。 3. Excuse me for writing, but I need a little advice on choosing a club.　 译：冒昧来信，我在选社团这件事上需要一点建议。 4. Allow me to explain why our class would like you to come on Friday.　 译：请允许我说明我们班为什么希望您周五前来。 功能二　说明背景 1. Your notice about the reading week caught my eye this morning.　 译：今天早上我看到你贴出的阅读周通知。 2. I read in the school paper that our city library needs student helpers.　 译：我在校报上读到市图书馆需要学生助手。 3. Since you mentioned the exam in your last message, I have been thinking about it.　 译：你上条消息提到考试，之后我一直在想这件事。 4. A talk on Chinese painting will be given next week, according to our teacher.　 译：据老师说，下周有一场关于中国画的讲座。 功能三　说明安排 1. The talk is set for 3 p.m. next Wednesday in Room 302.　 译：讲座定在下周三下午三点，地点是 302 教室。 2. We will meet at the school gate at eight and walk there together.　 译：我们八点在校门口集合，然后一起步行过去。 3. The whole programme runs from nine to eleven, with a short break in between.　 译：整场活动从九点持续到十一点，中间有短暂休息。 4. The place has been changed to the new library, so please do not go to the old hall.　 译：地点改到了新图书馆，请不要再去旧礼堂。 功能四　说明内容 1. A short film about tea culture will open the afternoon.　 译：下午的活动以一部关于茶文化的短片开场。 2. After the talk, every group will have ten minutes to share its ideas.　 译：讲座之后，每组有十分钟分享本组的想法。 3. The last part is a book exchange, so bring one book you have finished.　 译：最后一个环节是换书，请带一本你已经读完的书。 4. Two students from each class will show what they have made.　 译：每班由两名同学展示自己制作的作品。 功能五　提出建议 1. It may help to write down three key words before you start speaking.　 译：开口前先写下三个关键词，也许会有帮助。 2. Why not set aside twenty minutes for reading every evening?　 译：为什么不每晚留出二十分钟来阅读呢？ 3. If I were you, I would talk to the teacher before making the final choice.　 译：如果我是你，我会在做最后决定前先和老师谈一谈。 4. Another useful step is to keep a record of the new words you meet.　 译：另一个有效做法是把自己遇到的生词记下来。 功能六　说明理由 1. Doing so saves time and makes the plan easier to follow.　 译：这样做省时间，也让计划更容易执行。 2. A short walk after lunch can clear your mind for the afternoon classes.　 译：午饭后走一小段路，能让下午上课时头脑更清醒。 3. Small daily changes add up, while a sudden big change rarely lasts.　 译：每天的小改变会累积见效，突然的大改变往往难以持久。 4. It gives you a chance to practise English with real listeners.　 译：它给你一个与真实听众练习英语的机会。 功能七　表达感谢 1. My heartfelt thanks go to you for the notes you lent me.　 译：衷心感谢你借给我的笔记。 2. I still feel grateful for the way you looked after me during the trip.　 译：旅途中你那样照看我，我至今心存感激。 3. Your patient explanation saved me hours of guesswork.　 译：你耐心的讲解省去了我几个小时的瞎琢磨。 4. Please accept my thanks for everything you did last term.　 译：请接受我对上学期你所做一切的谢意。 功能八　表达歉意 1. I owe you an apology for missing the group meeting yesterday.　 译：昨天缺席小组会，我该向你道歉。 2. I am afraid I cannot keep our appointment this Saturday.　 译：恐怕这周六我不能如约赴约了。 3. It was careless of me to leave your book out in the rain.　 译：把你的书落在雨里，是我太粗心了。 4. Sorry for all the trouble my mistake has brought you.　 译：我的疏忽给你添了麻烦，很抱歉。 功能九　说明补救 1. I will bring you a new copy first thing on Monday.　 译：周一第一件事我就带一本新的给你。 2. Let me pay for the cleaning, and I will send you a photo of the receipt.　 译：清洗的费用由我来付，并把收据照片发给你。 3. To put things right, I have finished the part I missed and emailed it to you.　 译：为把事情补上，我已完成漏掉的部分并发到了你的邮箱。 4. Name any time that suits you, and I will be there.　 译：你定个方便的时间，我一定到。 功能十　提出请求 1. Could you spare a few minutes to look through my draft?　 译：你能抽几分钟看一下我的草稿吗？ 2. Would it be possible to hand in the form one day later?　 译：表格能不能晚一天交？ 3. I wonder whether you could send me the list of the books we need.　 译：不知你能否把所需书单发给我。 4. If it is not too much trouble, please save a seat for me.　 译：如果不太麻烦，请帮我留一个座位。 功能十一　说明条件 1. I have been a class librarian for two terms, so I know how the books are sorted.　 译：我当了两学期班级图书管理员，熟悉图书是怎么分类的。 2. Last spring I helped run a book fair for the whole grade.　 译：去年春天我协助办了面向全年级的书展。 3. Weekday afternoons are free for me, and I can stay until six.　 译：工作日下午我都有空，可以留到六点。 4. I am used to working with younger students and answering their questions.　 译：我习惯和低年级同学相处，回答他们的问题。 功能十二　推荐理由 1. What makes this book worth reading is its plain language and true stories.　 译：这本书值得一读，在于语言平实、故事真实。 2. She is the right person for the job because she never misses a deadline.　 译：她是这份工作的合适人选，因为她从不误期。 3. The club meets only once a week, so it will not take up much of your time.　 译：这个社团每周只活动一次，不会占用你太多时间。 4. For a beginner, this short course is easier to follow than the others.　 译：对初学者来说，这门短课比别的课更容易跟上。 功能十三　发出号召 1. Every pair of hands counts, even if you can only spare half an hour.　 译：哪怕只能抽出半小时，每一份力量都算数。 2. Come along on Saturday and see for yourself what we have been doing.　 译：周六来亲眼看看我们一直在做的事吧。 3. Let us turn off the lights when we leave the classroom, starting today.　 译：从今天起，离开教室时随手关灯。 4. The more of us join in, the cleaner our campus will be.　 译：加入的人越多，我们的校园就越干净。 功能十四　期待回复 1. A short message before Friday would help us finish the plan.　 译：周五前给我一句简短回复，就能帮我们把安排定下来。 2. I hope to hear what you think of the idea.　 译：希望听听你对这个想法的看法。 3. Do drop me a line when you have made up your mind.　 译：拿定主意后一定给我写句话。 4. An early reply would be greatly appreciated.　 译：如能尽早回复，将十分感谢。 功能十五　表达祝愿 1. May the new term bring you progress and good health.　 译：愿新学期带给你进步与健康。 2. All the best for your speech contest next week.　 译：祝你下周的演讲比赛一切顺利。 3. Congratulations on winning first place in the writing competition!　 译：祝贺你在写作比赛中获得第一名！ 4. I hope everything goes well with your new school.　 译：希望你在新学校一切顺利。 功能十六　结尾致谢 1. Thanks for reading my letter all the way to the end.　 译：谢谢你把这封信读完。 2. I am grateful for the time you have given to my request.　 译：感谢你抽时间处理我的请求。 3. Many thanks for your patience and understanding.　 译：多谢你的耐心与理解。 4. Your consideration means a lot to me.　 译：你的关照对我意义重大。 2.4 常用句式清单（按体裁） 体裁一　建议信 1. 〔开头〕You said in your last message that group work always leaves you behind.　 译：你在上条消息里说，小组活动总让你跟不上。 2. 〔主体〕One way out is to agree on each person's task before the discussion starts.　 译：一个办法是在讨论开始前先说定每个人做什么。 3. 〔主体〕Keeping a short record of what you have done also builds confidence.　 译：把自己做过的事简短记下来，也能增强信心。 4. 〔结尾〕Try these two steps for a week, and write to me about the result.　 译：这两步先试一周，再把结果写信告诉我。 体裁二　邀请信 1. 〔开头〕Our class is holding a paper-cutting afternoon, and we would love to have you there.　 译：我们班要办一个剪纸下午活动，非常希望你能来。 2. 〔主体〕It takes place in the art room from two to four next Thursday.　 译：活动下周四两点到四点，在美术教室举行。 3. 〔主体〕A parent of one of our classmates will show us how to cut a window flower.　 译：一位同学的家长将教我们剪窗花。 4. 〔结尾〕Say the word and I will save a seat beside me.　 译：你说一声，我就在旁边给你留个座。 体裁三　申请信 1. 〔开头〕I read the poster for student guides and would like to be considered.　 译：我读了招募学生引导员的海报，希望能获得考虑。 2. 〔主体〕Two terms as a class librarian have made me careful with records.　 译：两学期班级图书管理员的经历让我做事细致、有条理。 3. 〔主体〕I can be on duty every Friday afternoon and all day at weekends.　 译：每周五下午和周末全天我都能到岗。 4. 〔结尾〕Should you need to see me, I can come to your office after class.　 译：若您想见我一面，我可以课后到您办公室来。 体裁四　感谢信 1. 〔开头〕Back at home now, I keep thinking of the week I spent with your family.　 译：回到家后，我总想起在你们家度过的那一周。 2. 〔主体〕You waited at the station in the rain, which I shall not forget.　 译：你冒雨在车站等我，这一幕我不会忘记。 3. 〔主体〕The phrases you taught me have already appeared in our English test.　 译：你教我的短语已经出现在我们的英语测试里。 4. 〔结尾〕If you ever come to my city, my home is open to you.　 译：你若来我所在的城市，我家随时欢迎你。 体裁五　道歉信 1. 〔开头〕I am afraid I have kept your notebook far too long.　 译：恐怕你的笔记本在我这里放得太久了。 2. 〔主体〕The bus broke down on my way to the cinema, so I missed the first half of the film.　 译：去电影院的路上公交车抛锚，我错过了电影的前半场。 3. 〔主体〕I have copied every page and will return the notebook tomorrow morning.　 译：我已把每一页复印好，明早就把笔记本还给你。 4. 〔结尾〕I hope this has not spoiled your plan for the weekend.　 译：希望这事没有打乱你的周末安排。 体裁六　书面通知 1. 〔开头〕This is to tell everyone that the sports meeting has been moved to 20 October.　 译：兹通知大家，运动会改至 10 月 20 日举行。 2. 〔主体〕All classes are to hand in their entry forms to the office before Friday.　 译：各班须于周五前把报名表交到办公室。 3. 〔主体〕Each runner should reach the playground twenty minutes ahead of the first race.　 译：每位运动员须在第一场比赛前二十分钟到达操场。 4. 〔结尾〕For questions about the timetable, please speak to your PE teacher.　 译：赛程如有疑问，请询问体育老师。 体裁七　演讲稿 1. 〔开头〕Good morning! Today I want to share a short story about a library card.　 译：大家早上好！今天我想分享一个关于借书证的小故事。 2. 〔主体〕Reading for ten minutes a day is easier to keep than a two-hour plan.　 译：每天读十分钟，比两小时的计划更容易坚持。 3. 〔主体〕A book borrowed from a friend often starts a conversation that lasts for years.　 译：从朋友那里借来的一本书，常能开启一段持续多年的交谈。 4. 〔结尾〕So take a book home today. That is all I want to say.　 译：所以今天带一本书回家吧，这就是我想说的。 体裁八　倡议书 1. 〔开头〕Look around our classroom at four o'clock and you will see lights on in an empty room.　 译：下午四点看看教室，你会发现空着的房间还亮着灯。 2. 〔主体〕Switching them off takes three seconds and saves electricity for a whole evening.　 译：关灯只需三秒，却能省下一整晚的电。 3. 〔主体〕Our class will keep a record of the electricity we save each week.　 译：我们班将把每周省下的电量记录下来。 4. 〔结尾〕Join us from today; one small switch is a good place to begin.　 译：从今天起加入我们，从一次小小的关灯开始。 体裁九　活动报道 1. 〔开头〕A book-sharing fair drew more than two hundred students to the playground last Friday.　 译：上周五，一场图书分享集市把两百多名学生吸引到了操场。 2. 〔主体〕Books changed hands quickly, and several students read aloud from their favourites.　 译：图书很快换了主人，几名同学还朗读了自己最喜欢的段落。 3. 〔主体〕What surprised the teachers was the number of science books on the tables.　 译：让老师们意外的是桌上科普书的数量。 4. 〔结尾〕By four o'clock, every book had found a new owner.　 译：到四点时，每本书都找到了新主人。 体裁十　介绍类短文 1. 〔开头〕Ask students here about a local snack and most will name the rice cake.　 译：问这里的同学有什么本地小吃，多数人会说到米糕。 2. 〔主体〕It is made from rice flour and steamed in small bamboo baskets.　 译：它以米粉为原料，放在小竹屉里蒸制。 3. 〔主体〕Families used to prepare it for the Spring Festival, and the custom is still alive.　 译：过去家家户户过春节都要做米糕，这个习俗至今仍在。 4. 〔结尾〕Come on a Saturday morning and the old street smells of it.　 译：周六早上去老街，满街都是它的香味。 2.5 体裁模板·书信类（可直接套用） （1）建议信 Dear [朋友名], Your last message about [对方的问题] has been on my mind. Here are two ideas that may make things easier. To begin with, [建议一]. It takes only [所需时间] a day. In addition, [建议二], so [好处]. If you still feel unsure, [建议三] is worth a try. Give them a try for a week and tell me how it goes. Yours, Li Hua （2）邀请信 Dear [收信人], We have planned [活动名称] for next [时间], and a seat will be kept for you. We will be in [地点] between [开始时间] and [结束时间]. The afternoon begins with [开场环节], followed by [后续环节]. Please bring [需带物品] if you can. Tell me by [截止日期] whether the time suits you. Yours sincerely, Li Hua （3）感谢信 Dear [收信人], A week has passed since [共同经历], and I am still thinking about it. I want you to know how much it meant to me. You [对方所做的事], which [对我的意义]. The [具体物品] you gave me has already [带来的改变]. Your [品质] made the whole week much easier for me. Many thanks once more, and I hope we can meet again before long. Yours, Li Hua （4）道歉信 Dear [收信人], Please let me say how sorry I am for [失误事由]. I am afraid [造成的影响]. I have already [补救一], and I will [补救二] by [补救时间]. The reason was that [原因]. I hope you will not be too troubled by this. I will be more careful with [同类事项] from now on. Yours sincerely, Li Hua （5）申请信 Dear Sir or Madam, The notice about [申请岗位] on [信息来源] has drawn my attention. I am [身份]. [相关经历] has made me careful with [相关能力]. Besides, I once [具体经历]. My timetable leaves [可支配时间] free, and I can stay until [结束时间]. If you need any further information, I can send it the same day. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 2.6 体裁模板·非书信类 （1）书面通知 NOTICE At the approach of [时间背景], [组织方] is to launch [活动名称] with the theme of [主题]. It is designed to [目的一] and [目的二]. As scheduled, the activity will be held at [时间] in [地点]. Please keep in mind that [要求一]. [要求二] are required. Particularly, [要求三]. We hold the belief that [优点一] and [优点二] are bound to add highlights to the activity. Your participation will make a big difference! The Students' Union （2）演讲稿 Good morning, everyone, Here is a question I asked myself last term: [引入问题]? Today I will talk about [演讲主题]. First of all, [理由一]. One small example from [事例] may help here: [事例说明]. What is more, [理由二] matters just as much, because [原因]. So [号召] from today. Let us start with one small step. Thank you. （3）倡议书 Dear fellow students, We are calling on every student to [行动目标]. [不良现象] is still common in [地点]. Each of us can [做法一] before [时间点]. Our class will [做法二] and keep a record of [记录内容]. Besides, [做法三] is another easy step. Come and add your name to the list after class. The Students' Union （4）活动报道 A [形容词] [活动名称] [时间] saw [参与人数] students gather in [地点] for [活动名称]. It was held to [目的一] and [目的二]. [环节一] came first, followed by [环节二]. The part that drew the loudest cheers was [最精彩环节]. Several students [现场反响]. By [结束时间], [成果]. Many students asked when the next one would be held. （5）介绍类短文 Among all [类别] in [地点], [介绍对象] is the one I like best. People here have [做法] for [时长], and [典型事例] is the best example. Today you can still [现在做法] in [具体地点]. You will understand why we love it after one try. 易错提醒：模板要“套”，不要“背” 套模板 = 骨架不动、内容全换；背模板 = 整篇照搬、内容空泛。 后者在学考中得分反而低，因为没有回应试题信息。 判断有没有“套对”的标准很简单：把作文给同学看，他能否说出“这封信写给谁、为什么写、要对方做什么”——说得出，就是套对了。 十份模板不必全背，先背建议信、邀请信、通知三份，这三类覆盖学考最常见的三种情境；其余七份做到“看着能填”即可。 2.7 格式与套语速查 要素 写法 示例 称呼 顶格写，后加逗号；知姓名用名字，正式场合用 Sir or Madam Dear Peter, / Dear Sir or Madam, 落款 右下方，先结束语后署名；朋友用 Yours，正式用 Yours sincerely Yours, / Yours sincerely, Li Hua 标题 通知、报道、投稿需标题：居中、首字母大写、不加句号 NOTICE / A Successful Reading Week 呼语 口头通知、演讲开头用；另起一行 Boys and girls, / Good morning, everyone, 结束语 口头通知与演讲结尾用；单独成句 That's all. Thank you. / Thank you for listening. 字数 学考约 80 词（60—100 词均可）：三段、六到八句为宜 第一段 1—2 句，第二段 3—4 句，第三段 1—2 句 时态 已发生用过去时，将发生用将来时；通知多用一般现在时表安排 The event takes place at ... / Last Friday we held ... 人称 以第一人称写自己，以第二人称称呼对方；不用第三人称指自己 This letter is about ... / You are welcome to ... 易错提醒：四个位置，四种写法 称呼顶格加逗号；落款右下先结束语后署名；标题居中大写；呼语另起一行。 这四句可以让学生背下来，考场上当口诀用。 两个细节最容易丢分：① 落款把 Yours 写在名字后面（应为 Yours, 换行 Li Hua）；② 通知的 NOTICE 写成 Notice 或加句号（应全大写、不加标点）。 字数不必精确到 80：60—100 词都在安全区。但少于 60 词通常意味着要点不全，多于 120 词通常是废话多——两种情况都要在检查时处理。 2.8 高频失分点与纠正 六类失分点覆盖了学考应用文的绝大多数扣分。 每一条都配一个“当场能做”的动作，不要求理解，只要求执行。 失分点 典型表现 纠正动作 要点缺失 试题给三个要点，只写了两层 动笔前把要点编号写在草稿上，写完逐条打钩 格式错误 书信无称呼或无落款；通知无标题；演讲无呼语 按表3 核对四项：称呼、落款、标题、呼语 不分段 全文一段到底，或分四段以上 固定三段；段首不空格，段间空一行更清楚 句式单一 连续六句都是 I ... 主谓宾 每段至少一句非谓语或从句；用分层衔接语串联 语气失当 对老师用命令句；对朋友用正式公函语 看对象定语气：朋友亲切，机构正式 字数失衡 不足 60 词或超过 120 词 按「第一段 1—2 句、第二段 3—4 句、第三段 1—2 句」控制 考点一：书信类写作（建议信、邀请信、感谢信、道歉信、申请信、推荐信、咨询信、告知信、祝贺信、慰问信） 例1. (2025年陕西省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语试题) 假如你是秦沐，目前在新西兰留学。当地美术馆计划举办一场中国书画展，正在招募志愿者。请你给主办方写一封信，申请做一名志愿者。内容包括： （1）写信目的； （2）个人优势； （3）希望获准。 注意：（1）词数100左右； （2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：美术馆 gallery 中国书画展 exhibition of Chinese painting and calligraphy Dear Sir or Madam, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Qin Mu 例2. (2025年湖南省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语试题) 最近，全国各地掀起了学习使用DeepSeek的热潮，也引发了如何引导高中生正确使用DeepSeek的思考。假如你是李华，请你用英文写一封希望加入DeepSeek学习应用兴趣小组的申请信，要点如下表： 姓名 Li Hua 学校/年级 No. 9 Middle School/ Grade 2 电话 0731-88635866 邮箱 108633635@qq.com 爱好 explore AI tools like DeepSeek 原因或目的 1. solve math problems and design study plans 2. better understand AI’s role in education and address misuse risks 想法和建议 1. teach responsible AI usage 2. push for school guidelines limiting AI to hard tasks 3. create posters showing balanced AI benefits and risks 空闲时间 every Sunday 1.词数80左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 3.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Chairman, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 例3. (2025年广东省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语试题节选)假定你是李华，上周六你去当地图书馆做志愿者，并把这件事情分享给你在英国的朋友Peter，请写一封信给他。内容包括三点： （1）工作时间：从早上10点到下午3点； （2）工作内容：整理图书，给读者提供帮助； （3）收获，有成就感。 注意 （1）词数90左右； （2）开头和结尾已经给出，不计入词数； （3）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Peter. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerelv, Li Hua A 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Tom写信来倾诉他的烦恼：他想请假一天参加期盼已久的演唱会，但又担心会影响学习。请你给他写封回信，提出一些建议并简要说明理由。 内容包括：1. 描述问题；2. 提出建议；3. 说明理由。 字数要求：80 — 100词。可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Tom, I’m sorry to hear you are faced with a tough choice. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua B 假定你是李华，请你给在中国留学的Tom写信，邀请他来参加你校即将举办的体育艺术节（the Art and Sports Festival）。内容包括：1. 活动时间及地点；2. 活动主要内容。 注意：1. 词数120左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Tom, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua C 假定你是李津，学校即将举办国际文化交流节（International Cultural Festival），现面向全校招募志愿者，请写一封申请信，内容包括： 1.写信目的； 2. 个人优势； 3. 表达期望。 注意： （1）词数100左右； （2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； （3）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Chris, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Sincerely yours, Li Jin 考点二： 非书信类写作（书面通知、口头通知、演讲稿、倡议书、活动报道、短文投稿、便条、介绍类短文） 例1. (2024年甘肃省普通高中学业水平考试英语试题节选) 学校英语征文比赛鼓励同学们分享生活中一次难忘的经历，请你以此为主题写一篇短文投稿。内容包括： 1. 事件描述； 2. 体验和感受。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 题目已为你写好。 An Impressive Experience in My Life _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 例2. (2025年安徽省普通高中学业水平考试英语试题) 假定你是李华，上周你参加了学校组织的“旧物改造”实践活动。有些同学用旧衣服改成背包，有些用旧报纸做成玩具等等。请你用英文给你的外国朋友Jack写一封邮件，分享你的经历，要点如下： 1. 活动情况； 2. 你的感想。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为 100 左右； 2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Dear Jack. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua A 假定你是校学生会主席李华，为响应“健康第一”的号召，你校将于下周一启动“AI+阳光跑”活动。请你以学生会名义写一则通知，内容包括： （1）活动目的及内容； （2）呼吁积极参加。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Notice ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Students’ Union B 假设你是某校学生会主席李津，你校将接待来自美国的学生访问团，你受学校委托用英语写一篇发言稿，介绍你校每天下午3:20 — 4:20的课外活动。内容如下： 1. 课外活动内容丰富多彩（如阅读、运动、唱歌）； 2. 课外活动对学生的益处（如促进身心健康、拓展知识、提高能力等）； 3. 对课外活动的愿望（如增加活动时间，多组织参观、旅游活动等）； 注意：1. 不要逐句翻译提示要点，可适当增加细节以使行文连贯。 2. 卷面工整，不乱涂乱改，词数不少于100词。 3. 开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Boys and girls, Welcome to our school! ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ C 假定你是李华，上周你校心理健康中心举办了以“阳光心态，快乐成长”为主题的心理健康周（Mental Health Week）活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括： 1. 活动目的 2. 活动内容 3. 活动反响 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 标题已给出，不计入总词数。 A Sunny Mind, A Shining Week ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ A 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Jim来信说他对中国的历史文化很感兴趣，并计划在暑假来中国旅游，希望能体验传统文化、品尝地道美食、感受当地人的生活。请你给他写一封回信，推荐一座你认为最值得去的中国城市。内容包括： (1)推荐的理由； (2)出行小贴士。 注意： (1)写作词数应为 100 左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Jim, I’m so glad to hear that you’re coming to China this summer! ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua B 假定你是李华，你校于5月4日举办了英语戏剧表演比赛。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括： 1．比赛目的； 2．表演内容； 3．活动反响。 注意： 1．词数80左右： 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3．开头已给出，不计入总词数。 An English Drama Competition An English drama competition was successfully held in our school hall on May 4th. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ C 假定你是学生会主席李华。你校上周邀请Smith教授为同学们做了场有关科学研究的讲座。请你代表全校同学用英语给Smith教授写一封邮件， 内容包括：1.表示感谢： 2.感谢缘由： 3.你的期待。 注意:1.词数100左右: 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ D 为配合学校开展的垃圾分类工作，学生会向全校学生发出积极参与垃圾分类的倡 议。假设你是学生会的学生干部,请代表学生会，用英语写一封倡议书,词数在100词左 右，内容包括: 1. 对垃圾分类行动的介绍； 2. 实施垃圾分类的益处； 3. 呼吁同学们一起参加。 参考词汇:倡议 n. initiative；垃圾分类 garbage classification；垃圾箱 dustbin Dear fellow students , _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Students’ Union E 假定你是国际学校高一新生李华。校学生会正在为“心理健康周(Mental Health Week)”征集活动创意。请你给活动负责人写一封英文建议信，提议设立“点赞日（Thumbs-up Day）”，内容包括： 1.提出活动建议； 2.阐明理由。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80词左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Student Union, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua F 假定你是李华，在新西兰学习。你校将举办跨文化演出活动(cross-cultural performance)。请给活动负责人Mr. Brown写封信，申请当主持人。 内容包括：1. 写信目的；2. 你的优势；3. 期待答复。 注意：写作词数应为80左右。 Dear Mr. Brown, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 一、阅读理解 A So Lite Glide Traditional walkers simply aren’t designed well. If you’ve ever watched someone shuffling (拖着脚走) along, bent over an old-fashioned standard walker, the advantages of a So Lite Glide quickly become obvious. The Glide helps you walk the way you’ve always walked: Upright rather than bent over, facing ahead rather than looking down. This is a safer walk, one that allows better visibility, encourages personal pride and seriously reduces backache. With the Glide upright walker, you’ll feel better about yourself. Features: So many of its features focus on safety, including always-accessible and lockable handbrakes, reflectors (后视镜) and the already-noted increased visibility. The comfortable armrests, and the greater width that allows the user to actually step in and participate more fully in the walk, are easily adjusted to user size and preference. There’s 10 inches of height adjustment from 34.75” to 44.75”, allowing for a larger range of adjustment than many other upright walkers can offer. Ease of use is another essential, of course. That’s why there’s an easy and convenient one-button height control adjustment to attain the height you need-nothing to remove. The sit-to-stand handles make standing up easier after you’ve been seated and resting. There’s a one-touch leg that folds for easy transport and storage. ·Only 19 pounds! ·Comes fully equipped ·Comes in two colors ·Large, comfortable backrest ·Removable carry bag Have questions or need personal assistance? Call us today at 888-660-0946 and speak with a USA-based So Lite Glide expert. 1．What makes the So Lite Glide stand out from traditional walkers? A．It is cheaper. B．It weighs 19 pounds. C．It offers more color options. D．It helps the user walk naturally. 2．Which of the following is a feature of the So Lite Glide? A．It is 34.75 inches wide. B．It folds up easily. C．It moves automatically. D．It is self-adjustable. 3．Who is the So Lite Glide probably designed for? A．The physically inconvenienced. B．The blind and deaf. C．Healthcare workers. D．Mountain climbers. B At thirteen, I was diagnosed (诊断) with a kind of attention disorder. It made school difficult for me. When everyone else in the class was focusing on tasks, I could not. In my first literature class, Mrs. Smith asked us to read a story and then write on it, all within 45 minutes. I raised my hand right away and said, “Mrs. Smith, you see, the doctor said I have attention problems. I might not be able to do it.” She glanced down at me through her glasses, “You are not different from your classmates, young man.” I tried, but I didn’t finish the reading when the bell rang. I had to take it home. In the quietness of my bedroom, the story suddenly all became clear to me. It was about a blind person, Louis Braille. He lived in a time when the blind couldn’t get much education. But Louis didn’t give up. Instead, he invented a reading system of raised dots (点), which opened up a whole new world of knowledge to the blind. Wasn’t I the “blind” in my class, being made to learn like the “sighted” students? My thoughts spilled out and my pen started to dance. I completed the task within 40 minutes. Indeed, I was not different from others; I just needed a quieter place. If Louis could find his way out of his problem, why should I ever give up? I didn’t expect anything when I handed in my paper to Mrs. Smith, so it was quite a surprise when it came back to me the next day — with an “A” on it. At the bottom of the paper were these words, “See what you can do when you keep trying?” 4．What problem did the author meet when he was in class? A．He didn’t like the teacher. B．He was not fond of literature. C．The classroom was too noisy. D．He couldn’t focus his attention in class. 5．What’s Mrs. Smith’s attitude to the author in the classroom? A．She encouraged him. B．She looked down on him. C．She hurt him. D．She was angry with him. 6．What can we learn about Louis Braille from the passage? A．He managed to cure his blindness. B．He got a good education at school. C．He made an invention which helped the blind. D．He couldn’t see and read for the whole life. 7．What can we learn from the passage? A．How to be a great teacher. B．Keep trying, and you can do it. C．What should you do as a blind. D．Ways to overcome attention disorder. C For hundreds of years, people have used wind to drive boats on rivers or grind grain for food. Today, wind power has become one of the fastest-growing clean energy sources (能源) around the world. It offers us a green way to produce electricity without burning coal or oil, which helps cut down harmful gas and slow the speed of climate change. Wind turbines (风力发电机) are the key equipment for wind power. They look like huge fans firmly fixed on tall steel towers. When wind blows, it pushes the long blades (叶片) to spin. The spinning movement drives a generator (发电机) inside the machine and produces electricity. A single large turbine can supply enough electric power for hundreds of homes every year. When many turbines are placed together in the same area, they form a wind farm. Compared with traditional power plants, wind power has many strengths. It produces no dirty gas and will not pollute the air. Wind is free and it will not run out as fossil fuels do. However, it also has clear weaknesses. Wind does not blow all the time. On quiet, windless days, turbines cannot work at all. Besides, some people think these tall towers break the quiet beauty of nature. A few birds may also get hurt when flying near the fast-spinning blades. To solve these problems, engineers keep making new designs. They build wind farms out at sea, where winds are stronger and steadier than on land. They also set up special warning systems to protect birds. Experts believe wind power will play a bigger part as the world tries to reduce pollution and gradually turn to greener energy in the future. 8．What is the main idea of the text? A．Different kinds of clean energy. B．Advantages and disadvantages of wind power. C．The history of wind power. D．Ways to save electricity at home. 9．How does a wind turbine make electricity? A．It collects sunlight and turns it into power. B．It burns coal inside the tall tower. C．It uses water to produce electric power. D．Wind pushes its blades to spin and drive a generator. 10．The underlined word “spin” in Paragraph 2 means ______. A．turn round fast B．break down suddenly C．shine brightly D．grow slowly 11．What can we infer from the text? A．Wind can produce electricity everywhere all day long. B．Wind turbines do no harm to any wildlife. C．Wind farms at sea get more stable wind. D．Wind power has already taken the place of coal power. D AI Helps Teenagers Make Better Travel Plans Travelling plays an important role in teenagers’ life, which can practically broaden their horizons and benefit their growth. 12 . Fortunately, with the help of AI, planning trips becomes not only much simpler but also brings many benefits.Save valuable time Usually, teenagers have to spend hours browsing different websites to gather practical information, including opening hours of tourist attractions, public transport timetables and hotel service information. AI can organize large amounts of information in a few minutes, making a basic travel plan quickly. 13 14 Teenagers can share their travel preferences with AI. They can tell AI their travel budget, personal hobbies and preferred travel pace. 15 . For example, if a teen is interested in history, AI will recommend museums and ancient architecture instead of crowded commercial shopping malls.Learn necessary skills When communicating with AI to adjust travel plans, they need to state their requirements clearly, consider the total cost and make wise choices between different activities. 16 . One thing is for sure: AI is just a helper, so teenagers themselves make the final decisions. AI is easy to use, but it may sometimes provide incorrect information. Therefore, teenagers should carefully double-check the important information from AI. If used properly, AI will certainly become a useful tool, helping teenagers plan wonderful and enjoyable trips. A．Make suitable plans B．Download useful apps C．This helps them learn to think and solve problems. D．Travelling alone is also popular among teenagers now. E．So teenagers don’t need to spend time on useless information. F．Then AI will advise proper destinations, local food and transportation. G．However, working out travel plans can be really tiring and troublesome. 二、完形填空 Last summer, Caroline Davis did a home improvement project and needed 1,500 pounds of gravel (石子). So Davis drove to a store, and started putting the gravel into her 17 . “I’m loading (把……装入), loading. And an older man 18 ,” she said. “And he says, ‘Do you know that your car has a 19 limit (限制)?’” Davis did not 20 that. She had never thought such a heavy load could 21 her car. Davis started to feel 22 : how was she going to unload all the gravel from her car and how would she get it back home? That’s when the man kindly offered to 23 . “He says, ‘I can put the gravel in my truck and take it to your house,’” Davis said. They loaded all the gravel into his truck, and she 24 her address. When they arrived at her house, the man helped her unload the gravel. She 25 him, again and again, but he told her not to worry about it. Davis didn’t want him to leave 26 . She tried to offer him money, but he refused. Then she thought of something he might 27 . “I have a garden. And I just say, ‘I have 28 some vegetables. Do you like cucumbers (黄瓜)?’” Davis said. “His face lights up when he hears that, and he 29 says, ‘Yes.’” Davis went to the garden, picked some cucumbers off the vine (藤), and gave them to the man. He looked excited. Today 30 by the old man, Davis is always 31 to help others. “I just want to pass the kindness on.” 17．A．car B．home C．bag D．store 18．A．falls down B．comes over C．gives up D．shows off 19．A．height B．speed C．weight D．time 20．A．mean B．use C．mind D．know 21．A．hurt B．move C．lock D．clean 22．A．lonely B．surprised C．worried D．proud 23．A．trade B．help C．explain D．pay 24．A．hid B．changed C．forgot D．shared 25．A．missed B．thanked C．taught D．called 26．A．well-fed B．worn-out C．light-hearted D．empty-handed 27．A．like B．own C．send D．find 28．A．cooked B．lost C．grown D．borrowed 29．A．also B．angrily C．never D．happily 30．A．encouraged B．remembered C．followed D．controlled 31．A．unable B．ready C．afraid D．lucky 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 If you’re a tea lover traveling to Beijing, come and visit the Lao She Tea House, one of China’s most renowned tea houses. The tea house was named after the famous writer Lao She, 32 works show ordinary people’s real-life stories. Since it opened in 1988, it 33 (gain) praise from both locals and visitors from other places. As you step inside, decorations take you back to ancient China. The sense of calm from traditional lanterns and wooden chairs 34 (be) especially enjoyable. It is a perfect setting to relax and try different kinds of tea, 35 famous Chinese green tea to oolong, black, and jasmine (茉莉). The tea menu is introduced by knowledgeable tea 36 (host). They will offer you every tea variety you can 37 (possible) imagine, 38 they cannot make decisions for you. You need 39 (taste) several kinds before you find your favourite one. In addition to tea, the Lao She Tea House offers unique cultural experiences, including performances of traditional Chinese opera, acrobatics and puppet shows, making it 40 must-visit destination in Beijing. Overall, Lao She Tea House perfectly combines culture, atmosphere and entertainment. You can spend a relaxing afternoon 41 (explore) some of China’s finest tea there. 四、书信写作 42．假定你是李华,打算在即将到来的假期独自去旅游,而你的父母坚决不同意,你为此感到很苦恼.请给某英文杂志社的知心阿姨Agony Aunt写一封邮件,内容包括: 写邮件目的; 2. 遇到的问题及希望得到的帮助; 3. 表示感谢. 注意: 1. 写作词数应为100左右; 2. 邮件的开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数. Dear Agony Aunt, I’m Li Hua, a senior high student aged 16. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题18 应用文写作 【析】学考考查要点|【汇】知识清单盘点|【研】核心专题精讲|【练】巩固提升训练 —— 目 录 —— 析|学考考查要点 汇|知识清单盘点 研|核心专题精讲 考点一 书信类写作（建议信、邀请信、感谢信、道歉信、申请信、推荐信、咨询信、告知信、祝贺信、慰问信） 考点二 非书信类写作（书面通知、口头通知、演讲稿、倡议书、活动报道、短文投稿、便条、介绍类短文） 练|巩固提升训练 本模块依据《普通高中英语课程标准（2017年版2025年修订）》对本专题在学考中的要求进行梳理，并结合近年全国各地学业水平考试命题实践作出趋势判断。 1.1 课标依据与学考层级要求 应用文写作对应课标必修课程“表达性技能”中的三条：能根据表达需要选择恰当的文体与语域；能写出结构完整、意义连贯的短文；能使用常见的衔接手段组织语篇。学业质量水平一对此的描述是：能以书面形式描述个人经历、表达观点与态度，语言基本正确、意义连贯。换句话说，学考应用文不要求“高级”，要求“完整、正确、得体”。 ● 文体：书信（建议、邀请、感谢、道歉、申请等）与非书信（通知、演讲、倡议、报道等）两大类。 ● 篇幅：约 80 词；三段、六到八句为宜。 ● 情境：多为校园生活、人际交往、社会服务；对象明确，要点由试题给出。 ● 评分：内容要点、语言表达、篇章结构、格式与字数四项，其中“要点”权重最高。 1.2 学考与高考的考查差异 同一题型、不同重心，备考动作也不同。三条差异必须先讲清，否则学生会用高考的写法应对学考。 比较项 学考（学业质量水平一） 高考 要点呈现 约 80 词；要点几乎都明写在试题里，漏写一层即扣内容分 同为 80 词左右，但情境更开放，要点常需自己补充 语言要求 “基本正确、意义连贯”即可，允许少量不影响理解的错误 追求词汇与句式的多样、准确，语言分拉开档次 格式权重 称呼、落款、标题、呼语逐项核对，错一处常直接掉一档 格式分被语言分稀释，重心更多落在内容与表达 备考动作 三段式＋功能句＋体裁模板，先把“对”做到 在正确之外再练立意、衔接与语言亮点 一句话记法：学考是“把该写的写全、把格式写对”，高考是“在写全之外还要写好”。 1.3 2027命题趋势观察与备考策略 趋势一：情境生活化。 从“给外国朋友写信介绍节日”转向“给同学写建议”“为社区活动写通知”，对象更近、语气更实。备考上，多练“同学习惯、校园活动、社区服务”三类题材。 趋势二：要点分层化。 试题常给“活动目的—活动安排—参加要求”三层，一层一句、层与层之间用衔接词，正是三段式对应的结构。 趋势三：反模板化。 完全照搬“万能句”而不替换具体信息的作文，得分反而低。正确用法是“模板给骨架，替换给内容” 2.1 题型定位与评分线 先明确“写什么、按什么标准判”。两类情境的格式要求不同，四条评分线的权重也不同。 类型 常见文体 写作任务 评分关注点 书信类 建议信、邀请信、感谢信、道歉信、申请信、推荐信、咨询信、告知信、祝贺信、慰问信 就某一具体事由与对方沟通：说明来意、交代事由、提出请求或表达情感 格式（称呼＋落款）、要点齐全、语气得体 非书信类 书面通知、口头通知、演讲稿、倡议书、活动报道、短文投稿、便条、介绍类短文 面向群体发布信息或表达观点：说明活动、发出号召、报道事实、介绍对象 标题或呼语、要点齐全、结构清楚 ★ 两条共同底线 ① 要点齐全：试题给出几个要点就写几层，缺一层即扣内容分。 ② 格式正确：该有称呼的写称呼，该有落款的写落款，该有标题的写标题。 这两条不靠语言水平，靠习惯；也是本清单最先要落实的部分。 2.2 通用三段式：每段写什么 应用文的结构高度固定。三段各有分工：第一段点明来意，第二段展开要点，第三段收束期待。把这三段的功能记牢，任何体裁都只是换句式，不换骨架。 段位 功能 必写内容 第一段（开头） 点明来意 写信目的或活动缘由；书信类先有一句背景或问候 第二段（主体） 展开要点 时间、地点、内容、理由、建议、请求——试题给几个要点就写几层，层与层之间用衔接语隔开 第三段（结尾） 收束与期待 期待回复、表达祝愿、重申请求或推荐；不引入新信息 易错提醒：第二段是“要点段”，不是“抒情段” 得分主要发生在第二段。 试题给三个要点，第二段就要有三层，每层一句、层间用分层衔接语或时间顺序词隔开。 两种常见写法都不好：① 第二段只写一句，把要点挤到第一段——结构失衡；② 第二段写成一大段抒情——要点被淹没。 一个可操作的检查：写完第二段，数一数“有几层意思”。层数少于试题要点数，立刻补一句；层数多于要点数，删去与要点无关的句子。 2.3 常用句式清单（按功能） 功能一　点明来意 1. This letter is about the volunteer programme advertised in our school newspaper.　 译：这封信想谈的是校报上刊登的志愿者项目。 2. I am writing in the hope that you can tell me more about the summer camp.　 译：我写信是希望你能多告诉我一些夏令营的情况。 3. Excuse me for writing, but I need a little advice on choosing a club.　 译：冒昧来信，我在选社团这件事上需要一点建议。 4. Allow me to explain why our class would like you to come on Friday.　 译：请允许我说明我们班为什么希望您周五前来。 功能二　说明背景 1. Your notice about the reading week caught my eye this morning.　 译：今天早上我看到你贴出的阅读周通知。 2. I read in the school paper that our city library needs student helpers.　 译：我在校报上读到市图书馆需要学生助手。 3. Since you mentioned the exam in your last message, I have been thinking about it.　 译：你上条消息提到考试，之后我一直在想这件事。 4. A talk on Chinese painting will be given next week, according to our teacher.　 译：据老师说，下周有一场关于中国画的讲座。 功能三　说明安排 1. The talk is set for 3 p.m. next Wednesday in Room 302.　 译：讲座定在下周三下午三点，地点是 302 教室。 2. We will meet at the school gate at eight and walk there together.　 译：我们八点在校门口集合，然后一起步行过去。 3. The whole programme runs from nine to eleven, with a short break in between.　 译：整场活动从九点持续到十一点，中间有短暂休息。 4. The place has been changed to the new library, so please do not go to the old hall.　 译：地点改到了新图书馆，请不要再去旧礼堂。 功能四　说明内容 1. A short film about tea culture will open the afternoon.　 译：下午的活动以一部关于茶文化的短片开场。 2. After the talk, every group will have ten minutes to share its ideas.　 译：讲座之后，每组有十分钟分享本组的想法。 3. The last part is a book exchange, so bring one book you have finished.　 译：最后一个环节是换书，请带一本你已经读完的书。 4. Two students from each class will show what they have made.　 译：每班由两名同学展示自己制作的作品。 功能五　提出建议 1. It may help to write down three key words before you start speaking.　 译：开口前先写下三个关键词，也许会有帮助。 2. Why not set aside twenty minutes for reading every evening?　 译：为什么不每晚留出二十分钟来阅读呢？ 3. If I were you, I would talk to the teacher before making the final choice.　 译：如果我是你，我会在做最后决定前先和老师谈一谈。 4. Another useful step is to keep a record of the new words you meet.　 译：另一个有效做法是把自己遇到的生词记下来。 功能六　说明理由 1. Doing so saves time and makes the plan easier to follow.　 译：这样做省时间，也让计划更容易执行。 2. A short walk after lunch can clear your mind for the afternoon classes.　 译：午饭后走一小段路，能让下午上课时头脑更清醒。 3. Small daily changes add up, while a sudden big change rarely lasts.　 译：每天的小改变会累积见效，突然的大改变往往难以持久。 4. It gives you a chance to practise English with real listeners.　 译：它给你一个与真实听众练习英语的机会。 功能七　表达感谢 1. My heartfelt thanks go to you for the notes you lent me.　 译：衷心感谢你借给我的笔记。 2. I still feel grateful for the way you looked after me during the trip.　 译：旅途中你那样照看我，我至今心存感激。 3. Your patient explanation saved me hours of guesswork.　 译：你耐心的讲解省去了我几个小时的瞎琢磨。 4. Please accept my thanks for everything you did last term.　 译：请接受我对上学期你所做一切的谢意。 功能八　表达歉意 1. I owe you an apology for missing the group meeting yesterday.　 译：昨天缺席小组会，我该向你道歉。 2. I am afraid I cannot keep our appointment this Saturday.　 译：恐怕这周六我不能如约赴约了。 3. It was careless of me to leave your book out in the rain.　 译：把你的书落在雨里，是我太粗心了。 4. Sorry for all the trouble my mistake has brought you.　 译：我的疏忽给你添了麻烦，很抱歉。 功能九　说明补救 1. I will bring you a new copy first thing on Monday.　 译：周一第一件事我就带一本新的给你。 2. Let me pay for the cleaning, and I will send you a photo of the receipt.　 译：清洗的费用由我来付，并把收据照片发给你。 3. To put things right, I have finished the part I missed and emailed it to you.　 译：为把事情补上，我已完成漏掉的部分并发到了你的邮箱。 4. Name any time that suits you, and I will be there.　 译：你定个方便的时间，我一定到。 功能十　提出请求 1. Could you spare a few minutes to look through my draft?　 译：你能抽几分钟看一下我的草稿吗？ 2. Would it be possible to hand in the form one day later?　 译：表格能不能晚一天交？ 3. I wonder whether you could send me the list of the books we need.　 译：不知你能否把所需书单发给我。 4. If it is not too much trouble, please save a seat for me.　 译：如果不太麻烦，请帮我留一个座位。 功能十一　说明条件 1. I have been a class librarian for two terms, so I know how the books are sorted.　 译：我当了两学期班级图书管理员，熟悉图书是怎么分类的。 2. Last spring I helped run a book fair for the whole grade.　 译：去年春天我协助办了面向全年级的书展。 3. Weekday afternoons are free for me, and I can stay until six.　 译：工作日下午我都有空，可以留到六点。 4. I am used to working with younger students and answering their questions.　 译：我习惯和低年级同学相处，回答他们的问题。 功能十二　推荐理由 1. What makes this book worth reading is its plain language and true stories.　 译：这本书值得一读，在于语言平实、故事真实。 2. She is the right person for the job because she never misses a deadline.　 译：她是这份工作的合适人选，因为她从不误期。 3. The club meets only once a week, so it will not take up much of your time.　 译：这个社团每周只活动一次，不会占用你太多时间。 4. For a beginner, this short course is easier to follow than the others.　 译：对初学者来说，这门短课比别的课更容易跟上。 功能十三　发出号召 1. Every pair of hands counts, even if you can only spare half an hour.　 译：哪怕只能抽出半小时，每一份力量都算数。 2. Come along on Saturday and see for yourself what we have been doing.　 译：周六来亲眼看看我们一直在做的事吧。 3. Let us turn off the lights when we leave the classroom, starting today.　 译：从今天起，离开教室时随手关灯。 4. The more of us join in, the cleaner our campus will be.　 译：加入的人越多，我们的校园就越干净。 功能十四　期待回复 1. A short message before Friday would help us finish the plan.　 译：周五前给我一句简短回复，就能帮我们把安排定下来。 2. I hope to hear what you think of the idea.　 译：希望听听你对这个想法的看法。 3. Do drop me a line when you have made up your mind.　 译：拿定主意后一定给我写句话。 4. An early reply would be greatly appreciated.　 译：如能尽早回复，将十分感谢。 功能十五　表达祝愿 1. May the new term bring you progress and good health.　 译：愿新学期带给你进步与健康。 2. All the best for your speech contest next week.　 译：祝你下周的演讲比赛一切顺利。 3. Congratulations on winning first place in the writing competition!　 译：祝贺你在写作比赛中获得第一名！ 4. I hope everything goes well with your new school.　 译：希望你在新学校一切顺利。 功能十六　结尾致谢 1. Thanks for reading my letter all the way to the end.　 译：谢谢你把这封信读完。 2. I am grateful for the time you have given to my request.　 译：感谢你抽时间处理我的请求。 3. Many thanks for your patience and understanding.　 译：多谢你的耐心与理解。 4. Your consideration means a lot to me.　 译：你的关照对我意义重大。 2.4 常用句式清单（按体裁） 体裁一　建议信 1. 〔开头〕You said in your last message that group work always leaves you behind.　 译：你在上条消息里说，小组活动总让你跟不上。 2. 〔主体〕One way out is to agree on each person's task before the discussion starts.　 译：一个办法是在讨论开始前先说定每个人做什么。 3. 〔主体〕Keeping a short record of what you have done also builds confidence.　 译：把自己做过的事简短记下来，也能增强信心。 4. 〔结尾〕Try these two steps for a week, and write to me about the result.　 译：这两步先试一周，再把结果写信告诉我。 体裁二　邀请信 1. 〔开头〕Our class is holding a paper-cutting afternoon, and we would love to have you there.　 译：我们班要办一个剪纸下午活动，非常希望你能来。 2. 〔主体〕It takes place in the art room from two to four next Thursday.　 译：活动下周四两点到四点，在美术教室举行。 3. 〔主体〕A parent of one of our classmates will show us how to cut a window flower.　 译：一位同学的家长将教我们剪窗花。 4. 〔结尾〕Say the word and I will save a seat beside me.　 译：你说一声，我就在旁边给你留个座。 体裁三　申请信 1. 〔开头〕I read the poster for student guides and would like to be considered.　 译：我读了招募学生引导员的海报，希望能获得考虑。 2. 〔主体〕Two terms as a class librarian have made me careful with records.　 译：两学期班级图书管理员的经历让我做事细致、有条理。 3. 〔主体〕I can be on duty every Friday afternoon and all day at weekends.　 译：每周五下午和周末全天我都能到岗。 4. 〔结尾〕Should you need to see me, I can come to your office after class.　 译：若您想见我一面，我可以课后到您办公室来。 体裁四　感谢信 1. 〔开头〕Back at home now, I keep thinking of the week I spent with your family.　 译：回到家后，我总想起在你们家度过的那一周。 2. 〔主体〕You waited at the station in the rain, which I shall not forget.　 译：你冒雨在车站等我，这一幕我不会忘记。 3. 〔主体〕The phrases you taught me have already appeared in our English test.　 译：你教我的短语已经出现在我们的英语测试里。 4. 〔结尾〕If you ever come to my city, my home is open to you.　 译：你若来我所在的城市，我家随时欢迎你。 体裁五　道歉信 1. 〔开头〕I am afraid I have kept your notebook far too long.　 译：恐怕你的笔记本在我这里放得太久了。 2. 〔主体〕The bus broke down on my way to the cinema, so I missed the first half of the film.　 译：去电影院的路上公交车抛锚，我错过了电影的前半场。 3. 〔主体〕I have copied every page and will return the notebook tomorrow morning.　 译：我已把每一页复印好，明早就把笔记本还给你。 4. 〔结尾〕I hope this has not spoiled your plan for the weekend.　 译：希望这事没有打乱你的周末安排。 体裁六　书面通知 1. 〔开头〕This is to tell everyone that the sports meeting has been moved to 20 October.　 译：兹通知大家，运动会改至 10 月 20 日举行。 2. 〔主体〕All classes are to hand in their entry forms to the office before Friday.　 译：各班须于周五前把报名表交到办公室。 3. 〔主体〕Each runner should reach the playground twenty minutes ahead of the first race.　 译：每位运动员须在第一场比赛前二十分钟到达操场。 4. 〔结尾〕For questions about the timetable, please speak to your PE teacher.　 译：赛程如有疑问，请询问体育老师。 体裁七　演讲稿 1. 〔开头〕Good morning! Today I want to share a short story about a library card.　 译：大家早上好！今天我想分享一个关于借书证的小故事。 2. 〔主体〕Reading for ten minutes a day is easier to keep than a two-hour plan.　 译：每天读十分钟，比两小时的计划更容易坚持。 3. 〔主体〕A book borrowed from a friend often starts a conversation that lasts for years.　 译：从朋友那里借来的一本书，常能开启一段持续多年的交谈。 4. 〔结尾〕So take a book home today. That is all I want to say.　 译：所以今天带一本书回家吧，这就是我想说的。 体裁八　倡议书 1. 〔开头〕Look around our classroom at four o'clock and you will see lights on in an empty room.　 译：下午四点看看教室，你会发现空着的房间还亮着灯。 2. 〔主体〕Switching them off takes three seconds and saves electricity for a whole evening.　 译：关灯只需三秒，却能省下一整晚的电。 3. 〔主体〕Our class will keep a record of the electricity we save each week.　 译：我们班将把每周省下的电量记录下来。 4. 〔结尾〕Join us from today; one small switch is a good place to begin.　 译：从今天起加入我们，从一次小小的关灯开始。 体裁九　活动报道 1. 〔开头〕A book-sharing fair drew more than two hundred students to the playground last Friday.　 译：上周五，一场图书分享集市把两百多名学生吸引到了操场。 2. 〔主体〕Books changed hands quickly, and several students read aloud from their favourites.　 译：图书很快换了主人，几名同学还朗读了自己最喜欢的段落。 3. 〔主体〕What surprised the teachers was the number of science books on the tables.　 译：让老师们意外的是桌上科普书的数量。 4. 〔结尾〕By four o'clock, every book had found a new owner.　 译：到四点时，每本书都找到了新主人。 体裁十　介绍类短文 1. 〔开头〕Ask students here about a local snack and most will name the rice cake.　 译：问这里的同学有什么本地小吃，多数人会说到米糕。 2. 〔主体〕It is made from rice flour and steamed in small bamboo baskets.　 译：它以米粉为原料，放在小竹屉里蒸制。 3. 〔主体〕Families used to prepare it for the Spring Festival, and the custom is still alive.　 译：过去家家户户过春节都要做米糕，这个习俗至今仍在。 4. 〔结尾〕Come on a Saturday morning and the old street smells of it.　 译：周六早上去老街，满街都是它的香味。 2.5 体裁模板·书信类（可直接套用） （1）建议信 Dear [朋友名], Your last message about [对方的问题] has been on my mind. Here are two ideas that may make things easier. To begin with, [建议一]. It takes only [所需时间] a day. In addition, [建议二], so [好处]. If you still feel unsure, [建议三] is worth a try. Give them a try for a week and tell me how it goes. Yours, Li Hua （2）邀请信 Dear [收信人], We have planned [活动名称] for next [时间], and a seat will be kept for you. We will be in [地点] between [开始时间] and [结束时间]. The afternoon begins with [开场环节], followed by [后续环节]. Please bring [需带物品] if you can. Tell me by [截止日期] whether the time suits you. Yours sincerely, Li Hua （3）感谢信 Dear [收信人], A week has passed since [共同经历], and I am still thinking about it. I want you to know how much it meant to me. You [对方所做的事], which [对我的意义]. The [具体物品] you gave me has already [带来的改变]. Your [品质] made the whole week much easier for me. Many thanks once more, and I hope we can meet again before long. Yours, Li Hua （4）道歉信 Dear [收信人], Please let me say how sorry I am for [失误事由]. I am afraid [造成的影响]. I have already [补救一], and I will [补救二] by [补救时间]. The reason was that [原因]. I hope you will not be too troubled by this. I will be more careful with [同类事项] from now on. Yours sincerely, Li Hua （5）申请信 Dear Sir or Madam, The notice about [申请岗位] on [信息来源] has drawn my attention. I am [身份]. [相关经历] has made me careful with [相关能力]. Besides, I once [具体经历]. My timetable leaves [可支配时间] free, and I can stay until [结束时间]. If you need any further information, I can send it the same day. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 2.6 体裁模板·非书信类 （1）书面通知 NOTICE At the approach of [时间背景], [组织方] is to launch [活动名称] with the theme of [主题]. It is designed to [目的一] and [目的二]. As scheduled, the activity will be held at [时间] in [地点]. Please keep in mind that [要求一]. [要求二] are required. Particularly, [要求三]. We hold the belief that [优点一] and [优点二] are bound to add highlights to the activity. Your participation will make a big difference! The Students' Union （2）演讲稿 Good morning, everyone, Here is a question I asked myself last term: [引入问题]? Today I will talk about [演讲主题]. First of all, [理由一]. One small example from [事例] may help here: [事例说明]. What is more, [理由二] matters just as much, because [原因]. So [号召] from today. Let us start with one small step. Thank you. （3）倡议书 Dear fellow students, We are calling on every student to [行动目标]. [不良现象] is still common in [地点]. Each of us can [做法一] before [时间点]. Our class will [做法二] and keep a record of [记录内容]. Besides, [做法三] is another easy step. Come and add your name to the list after class. The Students' Union （4）活动报道 A [形容词] [活动名称] [时间] saw [参与人数] students gather in [地点] for [活动名称]. It was held to [目的一] and [目的二]. [环节一] came first, followed by [环节二]. The part that drew the loudest cheers was [最精彩环节]. Several students [现场反响]. By [结束时间], [成果]. Many students asked when the next one would be held. （5）介绍类短文 Among all [类别] in [地点], [介绍对象] is the one I like best. People here have [做法] for [时长], and [典型事例] is the best example. Today you can still [现在做法] in [具体地点]. You will understand why we love it after one try. 易错提醒：模板要“套”，不要“背” 套模板 = 骨架不动、内容全换；背模板 = 整篇照搬、内容空泛。 后者在学考中得分反而低，因为没有回应试题信息。 判断有没有“套对”的标准很简单：把作文给同学看，他能否说出“这封信写给谁、为什么写、要对方做什么”——说得出，就是套对了。 十份模板不必全背，先背建议信、邀请信、通知三份，这三类覆盖学考最常见的三种情境；其余七份做到“看着能填”即可。 2.7 格式与套语速查 要素 写法 示例 称呼 顶格写，后加逗号；知姓名用名字，正式场合用 Sir or Madam Dear Peter, / Dear Sir or Madam, 落款 右下方，先结束语后署名；朋友用 Yours，正式用 Yours sincerely Yours, / Yours sincerely, Li Hua 标题 通知、报道、投稿需标题：居中、首字母大写、不加句号 NOTICE / A Successful Reading Week 呼语 口头通知、演讲开头用；另起一行 Boys and girls, / Good morning, everyone, 结束语 口头通知与演讲结尾用；单独成句 That's all. Thank you. / Thank you for listening. 字数 学考约 80 词（60—100 词均可）：三段、六到八句为宜 第一段 1—2 句，第二段 3—4 句，第三段 1—2 句 时态 已发生用过去时，将发生用将来时；通知多用一般现在时表安排 The event takes place at ... / Last Friday we held ... 人称 以第一人称写自己，以第二人称称呼对方；不用第三人称指自己 This letter is about ... / You are welcome to ... 易错提醒：四个位置，四种写法 称呼顶格加逗号；落款右下先结束语后署名；标题居中大写；呼语另起一行。 这四句可以让学生背下来，考场上当口诀用。 两个细节最容易丢分：① 落款把 Yours 写在名字后面（应为 Yours, 换行 Li Hua）；② 通知的 NOTICE 写成 Notice 或加句号（应全大写、不加标点）。 字数不必精确到 80：60—100 词都在安全区。但少于 60 词通常意味着要点不全，多于 120 词通常是废话多——两种情况都要在检查时处理。 2.8 高频失分点与纠正 六类失分点覆盖了学考应用文的绝大多数扣分。 每一条都配一个“当场能做”的动作，不要求理解，只要求执行。 失分点 典型表现 纠正动作 要点缺失 试题给三个要点，只写了两层 动笔前把要点编号写在草稿上，写完逐条打钩 格式错误 书信无称呼或无落款；通知无标题；演讲无呼语 按表3 核对四项：称呼、落款、标题、呼语 不分段 全文一段到底，或分四段以上 固定三段；段首不空格，段间空一行更清楚 句式单一 连续六句都是 I ... 主谓宾 每段至少一句非谓语或从句；用分层衔接语串联 语气失当 对老师用命令句；对朋友用正式公函语 看对象定语气：朋友亲切，机构正式 字数失衡 不足 60 词或超过 120 词 按「第一段 1—2 句、第二段 3—4 句、第三段 1—2 句」控制 考点一：书信类写作（建议信、邀请信、感谢信、道歉信、申请信、推荐信、咨询信、告知信、祝贺信、慰问信） 例1. (2025年陕西省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语试题) 假如你是秦沐，目前在新西兰留学。当地美术馆计划举办一场中国书画展，正在招募志愿者。请你给主办方写一封信，申请做一名志愿者。内容包括： （1）写信目的； （2）个人优势； （3）希望获准。 注意：（1）词数100左右； （2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：美术馆 gallery 中国书画展 exhibition of Chinese painting and calligraphy Dear Sir or Madam, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Qin Mu 【答案】Dear Sir or Madam, My name is Qin Mu, an international student from China. Learning that you are recruiting volunteers for the exhibition of Chinese painting and calligraphy, I’m writing to apply to be one of them. As a Chinese, I have been learning Chinese painting and calligraphy since I was five, helping me understand it better and introduce works more comprehensively. Additionally, I have such a good command of oral English that I can communicate with visitors fluently. Thirdly, I am experienced in receiving guests, for I once worked as a volunteer in several cross-cultural activities and won praise from organizers. I would appreciate it if you could take my application into account. Looking forward to your reply.       Yours, Qin Mu 【导语】这是一篇应用文。当地美术馆计划举办一场中国书画展，正在招募志愿者。请考生给主办方写一封信，申请做一名志愿者。 【详解】1.词汇积累： 理解：understand→comprehend 全面地：comprehensively→thoroughly 精通：have a good command of→be proficient in 考虑：take...into account→take...into consideration 2.句式拓展： 同义句 原句：Learning that you are recruiting volunteers for the exhibition of Chinese painting and calligraphy, I’m writing to apply to be one of them. 拓展句：When I have learned that you are recruiting volunteers for the exhibition of Chinese painting and calligraphy, I decided to write this letter to apply to be one of them. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】Learning that you are recruiting volunteers for the exhibition of Chinese painting and calligraphy, I’m writing to apply to be one of them.（运用现在分词短语作原因状语和that引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型 2】Additionally, I have such a good command of oral English that I can communicate with visitors fluently.（运用 such...that... 引导的结果状语从句） 例2. (2025年湖南省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语试题) 最近，全国各地掀起了学习使用DeepSeek的热潮，也引发了如何引导高中生正确使用DeepSeek的思考。假如你是李华，请你用英文写一封希望加入DeepSeek学习应用兴趣小组的申请信，要点如下表： 姓名 Li Hua 学校/年级 No. 9 Middle School/ Grade 2 电话 0731-88635866 邮箱 108633635@qq.com 爱好 explore AI tools like DeepSeek 原因或目的 1. solve math problems and design study plans 2. better understand AI’s role in education and address misuse risks 想法和建议 1. teach responsible AI usage 2. push for school guidelines limiting AI to hard tasks 3. create posters showing balanced AI benefits and risks 空闲时间 every Sunday 1.词数80左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 3.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Chairman, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Chairman, 　　I am Li Hua, a Grade 2 student from No. 9 Middle School. I am writing to apply to join the DeepSeek learning interest group. 　　I enjoy exploring AI tools like DeepSeek to solve math problems and design study plans. I want to better understand AI’s role in education and address misuse risks. I suggest we teach responsible AI usage, push for school guidelines limiting AI to hard tasks, and create posters showing balanced AI benefits and risks. I am free every Sunday. My phone number is 0731-88635866 and my email is 108633635@qq.com. 　　Thank you for considering my application.  Yours sincerely,  Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。 要求考生写一封申请信，申请加入DeepSeek学习应用兴趣小组。 【详解】1.词汇积累 解决：solve→address/resolve/settle 建议：suggest →propose/advise 空闲的：free→available 考虑：consider→ take…into account/consideration 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Thank you for considering my application. 拓展句：I would appreciate it if you could consider my application. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I enjoy exploring AI tools like DeepSeek to solve math problems and design study plans.（运用了动名词短语作宾语和动词不定式短语作目的状语） 【高分句型2】I suggest we teach responsible AI usage, push for school guidelines limiting AI to hard tasks, and create posters showing balanced AI benefits and risks（运用了省略that的宾语从句和虚拟语气） 例3. (2025年广东省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语试题节选)假定你是李华，上周六你去当地图书馆做志愿者，并把这件事情分享给你在英国的朋友Peter，请写一封信给他。内容包括三点： （1）工作时间：从早上10点到下午3点； （2）工作内容：整理图书，给读者提供帮助； （3）收获，有成就感。 注意 （1）词数90左右； （2）开头和结尾已经给出，不计入词数； （3）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Peter. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerelv, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Peter, I hope this letter finds you well! I want to share an interesting experience with you—I worked as a volunteer at our local library last Saturday.​ My volunteer shift lasted from 10 a.m. to 3 p.m. During that time, I had two main tasks. First, I sorted out the books that were returned, putting them back on the correct shelves according to their categories. Second, I helped readers who needed assistance.​ It was really a meaningful day. When I saw the neatly arranged books and the grateful smiles of the readers, I felt a strong sense of achievement. I think volunteering here is such a great way to help others and learn new things.​ Do you have any interesting stories to share?​ Yours sincerely,​ Li Hua 【导语】本书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的名义给英国的朋友Peter写封信，分享自己去当地图书馆做志愿者的经历。 【详解】1.词汇积累 有趣的：interesting→fascinating 有意义的：meaningful →significant 感激的：grateful→appreciative 成就感：sense of achievement→sense of accomplishment 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Second, I helped readers who needed assistance. 拓展句：Second, I offered help to readers who were in need of assistance. 【点睛】【高分句型1】First, I sorted out the books that were returned, putting them back on the correct shelves according to their categories.（运用了that引导的定语从句及现在分词作状语） 【高分句型2】When I saw the neatly arranged books and the grateful smiles of the readers, I felt a strong sense of achievement.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句） A 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Tom写信来倾诉他的烦恼：他想请假一天参加期盼已久的演唱会，但又担心会影响学习。请你给他写封回信，提出一些建议并简要说明理由。 内容包括：1. 描述问题；2. 提出建议；3. 说明理由。 字数要求：80 — 100词。可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Tom, I’m sorry to hear you are faced with a tough choice. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Tom, I’m sorry to hear you are faced with a tough choice. You want to take a day off to attend the concert you have been looking forward to, yet you are worried that it will affect your studies. Here is my advice. First, you’d better talk with your teachers ahead of time and ask for the homework and notes you will miss. Besides, make a careful plan to catch up on your lessons after the concert. If you can balance entertainment and study properly, one day off won’t be a big problem. Hope my suggestion will be helpful to you. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生对于你的英国笔友Tom写信来倾诉他的烦恼：他想请假一天参加期盼已久的演唱会，但又担心会影响学习这一情况，给他写封回信，提出一些建议并简要说明理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累 面对：be faced with→ be confronted with 选择：choice→ option 影响：affect→ interfere with 参加：attend→ participate in 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Besides, make a careful plan to catch up on your lessons after the concert 拓展句：Besides, you should make a careful plan so that you can catch up on your lessons after the concert. 【点睛】【高分句型1】You want to take a day off to attend the concert you have been looking forward to, yet you are worried that it will affect your studies.（运用了省略关系代词that引导的定语从句以及从属连词that引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】If you can balance entertainment and study properly, one day off won’t be a big problem.（运用了If引导的条件状语从句） B 假定你是李华，请你给在中国留学的Tom写信，邀请他来参加你校即将举办的体育艺术节（the Art and Sports Festival）。内容包括：1. 活动时间及地点；2. 活动主要内容。 注意：1. 词数120左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Tom, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 例文： Dear Tom, How is everything going? Knowing you are a big fan of both sports and art, I’m writing to sincerely invite you to our school’s upcoming Art and Sports Festival. Scheduled to take place on November 1st at our school campus, the festival will cover a wide range of eye-catching activities. Not only will there be thrilling sports competitions, but also fantastic artistic performances including dancing, singing and drama shows will be on display. What appeals to me most is the creative art exhibition, where students’ paintings and hand-made works will be showcased. We can watch games together and even try some interesting interactive activities, which will surely be a perfect fit for you. I would appreciate it if you could let me know your decision at your earliest convenience. Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以李华的名义给留学生Tom写信，邀请他来参加你校即将举办的体育艺术节，告知其活动的时间和地点以及主要内容。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 即将来临的：upcoming→forthcoming 令人兴奋的：thrilling→exhilarating 引人注目的：eye-catching→arresting 手工艺术品：hand-made works→handcrafted artifacts 2. 句式拓展 同义句 原句：Knowing you are a big fan of both sports and art, I’m writing to sincerely invite you to our school’s upcoming Art and Sports Festival. 拓展句：Knowing you are a big fan of both sports and art, I’m writing to sincerely invite you to our school’s Art and Sports Festival which is just around the corner. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Knowing you are a big fan of both sports and art, I’m writing to sincerely invite you to our school’s upcoming Art and Sports Festival.（运用了现在分词作状语，以及省略连接词that的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】Not only will there be thrilling sports competitions, but also fantastic artistic performances including dancing, singing and drama shows will be on display. （运用了not only置于句首引起的部分倒装） 【高分句型3】What appeals to me most is the creative art exhibition, where students’ paintings and hand-made works will be showcased. （运用了what引导的主语从句和where引导的非限制性定语从句） C 假定你是李津，学校即将举办国际文化交流节（International Cultural Festival），现面向全校招募志愿者，请写一封申请信，内容包括： 1.写信目的； 2. 个人优势； 3. 表达期望。 注意： （1）词数100左右； （2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； （3）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Chris, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Sincerely yours, Li Jin 【答案】 One possible version: Dear Chris, I’m Li Jin. I’m writing to submit my application to serve as a volunteer for the approaching International Cultural Festival. I hold the firm belief that I am an ideal candidate. For one thing, my fluent oral English lays a solid foundation for barrier-free communication with overseas participants. For another, being open-minded and considerate, I have accumulated practical experience in voluntary service for campus events. Above all, I have a keen passion for cultural exchange and am capable of introducing distinctive Chinese culture to guests. If I am fortunate enough to be admitted, I will greatly value this golden opportunity and devote myself to fulfilling my responsibilities. Sincerely yours, Li Jin 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生写一封申请信，介绍个人优势，申请成为学校国际文化交流节的志愿者。 【详解】1.词汇积累 即将到来的：approaching → forthcoming 热情：passion → enthusiasm 独特的：distinctive → unique 珍惜：value → treasure 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：For one thing, my fluent oral English lays a solid foundation for barrier-free communication with overseas participants. 拓展句：For one thing, my oral English is fluent, which lays a solid foundation for barrier-free communication with overseas participants. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I hold the firm belief that I am an ideal candidate.(运用了that引导的同位语从句) 【高分句型2】If I am fortunate enough to be admitted, I will greatly value this golden opportunity and devote myself to fulfilling my responsibilities.(运用了if引导的条件状语从句) 考点二： 非书信类写作（书面通知、口头通知、演讲稿、倡议书、活动报道、短文投稿、便条、介绍类短文） 例1. (2024年甘肃省普通高中学业水平考试英语试题节选) 学校英语征文比赛鼓励同学们分享生活中一次难忘的经历，请你以此为主题写一篇短文投稿。内容包括： 1. 事件描述； 2. 体验和感受。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 题目已为你写好。 An Impressive Experience in My Life _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 An Impressive Experience in My Life With the intention of releasing the pressure resulting from our academic work, I, together with my classmates, went to a farm to pick up some oranges last week. Hardly had we arrived at the farm when we saw all kinds of animals, green fresh vegetables, and many oranges hanging from the branches. With the guidance of a farmer, carrying a basket and a pair of scissors, all of us quickly climbed up the ladder and started to pick up oranges. Bathed in sunshine, we sang and laughed while picking. What an impressive experience we had! Not only did it make us relaxed, but it also brought us to be closer to nature presented them with prepared flowers. Some of the students sang songs and danced for the teachers. We spent a wonderful time. From this experience, we have raised our awareness of respecting teachers and their devotion. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇短文投稿，讲述一件难忘的事情。 【详解】1.词汇积累 压力：pressure→stress 意识：awareness→consciousness 各种各样：all kinds of→various 奉献：devotion→commitment 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Bathed in sunshine, we sang and laughed while picking. 拓展句：As we were bathed in sunshine, we sang and laughed while we were picking. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Hardly had we arrived at the farm when we saw all kinds of animals, green fresh vegetables, and many oranges hanging from the branches.（运用了Hardly...when...表示“一……就” 的句型及部分倒装） 【高分句型2】Not only did it make us relaxed, but it also brought us to be closer to nature presented them with prepared flowers.（运用了Not only...置于句首的部分倒装） 例2. (2025年安徽省普通高中学业水平考试英语试题) 假定你是李华，上周你参加了学校组织的“旧物改造”实践活动。有些同学用旧衣服改成背包，有些用旧报纸做成玩具等等。请你用英文给你的外国朋友Jack写一封邮件，分享你的经历，要点如下： 1. 活动情况； 2. 你的感想。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为 100 左右； 2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Dear Jack. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jack, How are you? I’m writing to tell you about a meaningful activity I attended last week. It was an “Old Things Renovation” practical activity organized by our school, where we transformed old items into something new and useful. Some students made backpacks out of old clothes, while others crafted toys from old newspapers. I also joined in and created a beautiful handbag using an old T-shirt. I really enjoyed the process and felt a great sense of achievement when I finished it. I think this activity is not only fun but also environmentally friendly. It helps us reduce waste and encourages creativity. I believe we can all make a difference by reusing and recycling things in our daily lives. I hope you can try it too! Best regards, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份给外国朋友Jack写邮件，分享学校组织的“旧物改造”实践活动，需涵盖活动情况和个人感想。 【详解】1.词汇积累 有意义的：meaningful → significant 改造，使变形：transform → convert 成就感：a sense of achievement → a sense of accomplishment 鼓励：encourage → inspire 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I also joined in and created a beautiful handbag using an old T-shirt. 拓展句：I also joined in the activity and created a beautiful handbag using an old T-shirt, which had been left unused in my closet for years. 【点睛】[高分句型1] It was an “Old Things Renovation” practical activity organized by our school, where we transformed old items into something new and useful. (运用了关系副词where引导的非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] I think this activity is not only fun but also environmentally friendly. (运用了省略连词that的宾语从句) [高分句型3] I believe we can all make a difference by reusing and recycling things in our daily lives. (运用了省略连词that的宾语从句) A 假定你是校学生会主席李华，为响应“健康第一”的号召，你校将于下周一启动“AI+阳光跑”活动。请你以学生会名义写一则通知，内容包括： （1）活动目的及内容； （2）呼吁积极参加。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Notice ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Students’ Union 【答案】Notice To respond to the “Health First” call, our school will launch the “AI+ Sunshine Running” activity next Monday. This activity uses AI technology to record your running routes and data scientifically, helping you form a regular exercise habit. Integrated with AI assistance, the activity can also provide suggestions on how to deal with the issues in your running performance. Any student can sign up on the school’s official WeChat account before this Sunday. We sincerely hope all of you can take an active part, build up your body, and enjoy the fun of running. The Students’ Union 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以校学生会的名义就下周一启动“AI+阳光跑”活动写一则通知，要求说明活动目的及内容并呼吁积极参加。 【详解】1.词汇积累 利用：use → take advantage of 结合：integrate → combine 提供：provide → supply 注册、登记、报名参加：sign up → enroll 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Integrated with AI assistance, the activity can also provide suggestions on how to deal with the issues in your running performance. 拓展句：Integrated with AI assistance, the activity can also provide suggestions on how you can deal with the issues in your running performance. 【点睛】【高分句型1】This activity uses AI technology to record your running routes and data scientifically, helping you form a regular exercise habit.（运用了不定式to record和现在分词helping作状语） 【高分句型2】Integrated with AI assistance, the activity can also provide suggestions on how to deal with the issue in your running performance.（运用了过去分词integrated作状语和疑问词+不定式作介词on的宾语） B 假设你是某校学生会主席李津，你校将接待来自美国的学生访问团，你受学校委托用英语写一篇发言稿，介绍你校每天下午3:20 — 4:20的课外活动。内容如下： 1. 课外活动内容丰富多彩（如阅读、运动、唱歌）； 2. 课外活动对学生的益处（如促进身心健康、拓展知识、提高能力等）； 3. 对课外活动的愿望（如增加活动时间，多组织参观、旅游活动等）； 注意：1. 不要逐句翻译提示要点，可适当增加细节以使行文连贯。 2. 卷面工整，不乱涂乱改，词数不少于100词。 3. 开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Boys and girls, Welcome to our school! ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Boys and girls, Welcome to our school! Now I’d like to introduce our after‑school activities from 3:20 p.m. to 4:20 p.m. every day. We have a wide variety of choices, including quiet reading in the library, different sports on the playground and wonderful singing in the music club. Many students take an active part in them. These activities do us a lot of good. They help us keep physically and mentally healthy, broaden our horizons beyond textbooks and develop our communication and practical skills. We do hope we can be given more time for activities. Besides, we expect more outings and cultural field trips to be organized in the future. Hope you will enjoy your stay here and join us sometime! 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生用英语写一篇发言稿，介绍学校每天下午3:20 — 4:20的课外活动。 【详解】1.词汇积累 帮助：help→ assist 参加：take part in → participate in 对……有益处：do sb. good → be beneficial to 培养：develop → cultivate 2.句式拓展 合并句子 原句：We have a wide variety of choices, including quiet reading in the library, different sports on the playground and wonderful singing in the music club. 拓展句：We have a wide variety of choices, which include quiet reading in the library, different sports on the playground and wonderful singing in the music club. 【点睛】【高分句型1】We do hope we can be given more time for activities.(运用了省略that引导的宾语从句和强调) 【高分句型2】Besides, we expect more outings and cultural field trips to be organized in the future.(运用了动词不定式短语作宾语补足语) C 假定你是李华，上周你校心理健康中心举办了以“阳光心态，快乐成长”为主题的心理健康周（Mental Health Week）活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括： 1. 活动目的 2. 活动内容 3. 活动反响 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 标题已给出，不计入总词数。 A Sunny Mind, A Shining Week ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】【范文一 · 基础版】 A Sunny Mind, A Shining Week To help students grow up happily, our school’s Mental Health Center held a Mental Health Week last week, with the theme “Sunny Mind, Happy Growth”. During the week, several activities were organized. Experts gave lectures on how to deal with stress, and students took part in group games on the playground. Besides, we wrote our wishes on a “Wish Wall”, which attracted many teachers and students. Both teachers and students thought highly of the week. Many students said they felt much more relaxed and confident after taking part. I believe with a sunny mind, we will grow up healthily and happily. 【范文二 · 高级版】 A Sunny Mind, A Shining Week Aimed at promoting students’ well-being, the Mental Health Week, themed “Sunny Mind, Happy Growth”, was launched by our school last week. A variety of activities featured the week. Not only did experts deliver lectures on stress management, but students also bonded through group games. What impressed us most was the “Wish Wall”, where colorful notes carrying dreams were posted. Feedback has been positive, with many admitting that the activities helped them face pressure with confidence. Warmly received across campus, the week has planted a seed of positivity in everyone’s heart, which will surely shine through our growth. 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生为校英文报写一篇关于学校心理健康周活动的报道，说明活动目的、活动内容及活动反响。 【详解】1.词汇积累 促进：promote→advance/boost 压力：stress→pressure/strain 给……留下深刻印象：impress→strike 承认：admit→acknowledge/confess 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Aimed at promoting students’ well-being, the Mental Health Week, themed “Sunny Mind, Happy Growth”, was launched by our school last week. 拓展句：The Mental Health Week, which was aimed at promoting students’ well-being and themed “Sunny Mind, Happy Growth”, was launched by our school last week. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Not only did experts deliver lectures on stress management, but students also bonded through group games. (运用了not only置于句首引起的部分倒装结构，将助动词did提前至主语experts之前) 【高分句型2】Warmly received across campus, the week has planted a seed of positivity in everyone’s heart, which will surely shine through our growth. (运用了过去分词短语Warmly received across campus作状语，以及which引导的非限制性定语从句) A 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Jim来信说他对中国的历史文化很感兴趣，并计划在暑假来中国旅游，希望能体验传统文化、品尝地道美食、感受当地人的生活。请你给他写一封回信，推荐一座你认为最值得去的中国城市。内容包括： (1)推荐的理由； (2)出行小贴士。 注意： (1)写作词数应为 100 左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Jim, I’m so glad to hear that you’re coming to China this summer! ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】例文 Dear Jim, I’m so glad to hear that you’re coming to China this summer! Knowing your interest in Chinese culture, I’d highly recommend Chengdu, the capital of Sichuan Province. Here are my reasons. First, Chengdu is famous for its delicious local food, especially hot pot, which you simply can’t miss. Second, you can experience traditional culture by watching Sichuan Opera and enjoying tea in local parks. What makes Chengdu truly special is the relaxed lifestyle — the locals are warm and welcoming, making it easy for you to feel at home. By the way, it’s a good idea to visit in September when the weather is cooler. And don’t forget to try the hot pot! Looking forward to your visit! Yours, Li Hua 【导语】题目要求考生以李华的身份向笔友推荐成都，介绍其文化、美食与风土人情。 【详解】1.词汇积累 著名的：famous→renowned 美味的：delicious→mouth-watering 体验：experience→have a taste of 传统的：traditional→conventional 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Second, you can experience traditional culture by watching Sichuan Opera and enjoying tea in local parks. 拓展句：Second, you can experience traditional culture in local parks where you can watch Sichuan Opera and enjoy a cup of tea. 【点睛】【高分句型1】First, Chengdu is famous for its delicious local food, especially hot pot, which you simply can’t miss.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】What makes Chengdu truly special is the relaxed lifestyle — the locals are warm and welcoming, making it easy for you to feel at home.（运用了what引导的主语从句，现在分词making作状语） B 假定你是李华，你校于5月4日举办了英语戏剧表演比赛。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括： 1．比赛目的； 2．表演内容； 3．活动反响。 注意： 1．词数80左右： 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3．开头已给出，不计入总词数。 An English Drama Competition An English drama competition was successfully held in our school hall on May 4th. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】    An English drama competition was successfully held in our school hall on May 4th. The event featured performances from various classes, which showcased both classic and original English dramas. Judges included distinguished teachers and guest speakers, and the competition was attended by students, teachers, and parents. The competition not only provided a platform for students to explore their talents but also served as an important part of the English drama course, sparking their long-hidden passion for English learning. 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生针对学校5月4日举办的英语戏剧表演比赛情况，写一篇新闻报道。 【详解】1.词汇积累 以……为特色：feature → be characterized by 竞赛：competition → contest 重要的：important → essential 热情：passion → enthusiasm 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句： The competition not only provided a platform for students to explore their talents but also served as an important part of the English drama course, sparkling their long-hidden passion for English learning. 拓展句： The competition not only provided a platform where students can explore their talents but also served as an important part of the English drama course, which sparked their long-hidden passion for English learning. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The event featured performances from various classes, which showcased both classic and original English dramas. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】The competition not only provided a platform for students to explore their talents but also served as an important part of the English drama course, sparking their long-hidden passion for English learning. (运用了现在分词sparking作状语) C 假定你是学生会主席李华。你校上周邀请Smith教授为同学们做了场有关科学研究的讲座。请你代表全校同学用英语给Smith教授写一封邮件， 内容包括：1.表示感谢： 2.感谢缘由： 3.你的期待。 注意:1.词数100左右: 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Professor Smith, Thank you for sharing your vast knowledge about scientific research at the lecture for us students last week. Your presentation about topic selection will be extremely helpful to students who are completely new to research. Also, we appreciate your thoughtfulness in preparing and giving the presentation as well as helpful advice. What’s more, it’s very kind of you to be patient with students before and after your talk. Thank you again for helping to create the next generation of research scholars. We hope to learn more from you. Yours sincerely, LiHua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生对史密斯教授上周做的一场有关科学研究的讲座表示感谢。 【详解】1.词汇积累 考虑：thoughtfulness →consideration 此外：what’s more →besides 完全地：completely →totally 感激：appreciate →be grateful for 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Thank you for sharing your vast knowledge about scientific research at the lecture for us students last week. 拓展句：Thank you for sharing your vast knowledge about scientific research at the lecture for us students last week, which is very useful. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Your presentation about topic selection will be extremely helpful to students who are completely new to research. (运用了who引导的限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】What’s more, it’s very kind of you to be patient with students before and after your talk.(运用了it作形式主语) D 为配合学校开展的垃圾分类工作，学生会向全校学生发出积极参与垃圾分类的倡 议。假设你是学生会的学生干部,请代表学生会，用英语写一封倡议书,词数在100词左 右，内容包括: 1. 对垃圾分类行动的介绍； 2. 实施垃圾分类的益处； 3. 呼吁同学们一起参加。 参考词汇:倡议 n. initiative；垃圾分类 garbage classification；垃圾箱 dustbin Dear fellow students , _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Students’ Union 【答案】Dear fellow students, Our school has started a program of garbage classification. Different kinds of garbage are required to be sorted out and placed in different dustbins. Paper can be recycled, while leftovers can be collected as food for pigs or processed as fertilizer for plants. Above all, such harmful things as plastics and used batteries should not be mixed with other waste. The program is of great benefit. We will able to save resources by making use of recyclable garbage and harmful things will not pollute our environment after special treatment. Let’s work together for a better campus! I bet with our joint efforts, garbage classification will be thoroughly conducted, which will surely lead us to an eco-friendly way of life! The Students’ Union 【分析】这是一篇应用文，要求写一封倡议书。 【详解】第一步：审题。审题的目的是获取重要信息。通过审题我们可以确定几个方面的信息。要求如下：为配合学校开展的垃圾分类工作，学生会向全校学生发出积极参与垃圾分类的倡 议。假设你是学生会的学生干部,请代表学生会，用英语写一封倡议书,词数在100词左 右，内容包括:1. 对垃圾分类行动的介绍；2. 实施垃圾分类的益处；3. 呼吁同学们一起参加。 人称以第一人称和第三人称为主。时态以一般现在时和一般将来时为主。 第二步：布局段落，确定主要段落，次要段落，段落数量。这篇写作段落数量为三段。第一段，对垃圾分类行动的介绍。第二段，实施垃圾分类的益处。第三段，呼吁同学们一起参加。 第三步：确定关键词汇和短语: sort out；mix with；of great benefit；make use of；work together等。 第四步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连接词进行过渡衔接；注意书写，保持卷面整洁，避免划线，乱擦。 【点睛】文章思路清晰，语言规范，段落整齐，语篇连贯，层次清晰。使用了一些亮点短语：等。以及一些较为高级的句式: Paper can be recycled, while leftovers can be collected as food for pigs or processed as fertilizer for plants.使用了连词while,此处意为“而，然而”；The program is of great benefit.使用了be of+名词结构；I bet with our joint efforts, garbage classification will be thoroughly conducted, which will surely lead us to an eco-friendly way of life!使用了which引导的定语从句。高级句式的应用提升了写作的档次，整个短文显示出了作者高水平的英语表达能力。 另外, 文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。 E 假定你是国际学校高一新生李华。校学生会正在为“心理健康周(Mental Health Week)”征集活动创意。请你给活动负责人写一封英文建议信，提议设立“点赞日（Thumbs-up Day）”，内容包括： 1.提出活动建议； 2.阐明理由。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80词左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Student Union, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Student Union, I’m Li Hua, a new Grade 10 student. I’ m writing to put forward a suggestion that we hold a Thumbs-up Day for Mental Health Week. On that day, we can write warm notes to praise classmates for their strengths or small progress and give them thumbs-up stickers. Many of us feel stressed and lack confidence these days. Praise can lift our spirits, reduce anxiety and build a supportive atmosphere. Besides, it encourages us to notice others’ shining points instead of only focusing on our weaknesses. I hope my idea will be taken into consideration. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生对于校学生会正在为“心理健康周(Mental Health Week)”征集活动创意这一情况，给活动负责人写一封英文建议信，提议设立“点赞日（Thumbs-up Day）”。 【详解】1.词汇积累 提议：put forward→ propose 倍感压力的：stressed→ overwhelmed 振奋心情、提振士气：lift our spirits→ boost our morale 优点、闪光点：shining points→ virtues 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Praise can lift our spirits, reduce anxiety and build a supportive atmosphere. 拓展句：Praise, which can lift our spirits, reduce anxiety and build a supportive atmosphere, matters a lot to us. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’ m writing to put forward a suggestion that we hold a Thumbs-up Day for Mental Health Week. （运用了that引导的同位语从句） 【高分句型2】I hope my idea will be taken into consideration.（运用了省略连接词that引导的宾语从句） F 假定你是李华，在新西兰学习。你校将举办跨文化演出活动(cross-cultural performance)。请给活动负责人Mr. Brown写封信，申请当主持人。 内容包括：1. 写信目的；2. 你的优势；3. 期待答复。 注意：写作词数应为80左右。 Dear Mr. Brown, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Mr. Brown, I’m an exchange student from China. I’m writing to apply to be the host of the cross-cultural performance to be held in our school. I have not only acquired a good command of English but also hosted many performances concerning culture. Therefore, when the performance features Chinese culture, I can help introduce it to the audience, which will help them better understand China. I’m certain my experience and knowledge will ensure my being equal to the position. I would greatly appreciate it if you could consider my application. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以在新西兰学习的交换生李华的身份写信，向活动负责人申请担任跨文化演出主持人，介绍自身优势并期待回复。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 确定的：certain → convinced 确保：ensure → guarantee 胜任：be equal to → be qualified for 举办：hold→stage 2. 句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：I have not only acquired a good command of English but also hosted many performances concerning culture. 拓展句：Not only have I acquired a good command of English but also hosted many performances concerning culture. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】Therefore, when the performance features Chinese culture, I can help introduce it to the audience, which will help them better understand China.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型 2】I have not only acquired a good command of English but also hosted many performances concerning culture.（运用了“not only…but also…”连接两个并列结构） 一、阅读理解 A So Lite Glide Traditional walkers simply aren’t designed well. If you’ve ever watched someone shuffling (拖着脚走) along, bent over an old-fashioned standard walker, the advantages of a So Lite Glide quickly become obvious. The Glide helps you walk the way you’ve always walked: Upright rather than bent over, facing ahead rather than looking down. This is a safer walk, one that allows better visibility, encourages personal pride and seriously reduces backache. With the Glide upright walker, you’ll feel better about yourself. Features: So many of its features focus on safety, including always-accessible and lockable handbrakes, reflectors (后视镜) and the already-noted increased visibility. The comfortable armrests, and the greater width that allows the user to actually step in and participate more fully in the walk, are easily adjusted to user size and preference. There’s 10 inches of height adjustment from 34.75” to 44.75”, allowing for a larger range of adjustment than many other upright walkers can offer. Ease of use is another essential, of course. That’s why there’s an easy and convenient one-button height control adjustment to attain the height you need-nothing to remove. The sit-to-stand handles make standing up easier after you’ve been seated and resting. There’s a one-touch leg that folds for easy transport and storage. ·Only 19 pounds! ·Comes fully equipped ·Comes in two colors ·Large, comfortable backrest ·Removable carry bag Have questions or need personal assistance? Call us today at 888-660-0946 and speak with a USA-based So Lite Glide expert. 1．What makes the So Lite Glide stand out from traditional walkers? A．It is cheaper. B．It weighs 19 pounds. C．It offers more color options. D．It helps the user walk naturally. 2．Which of the following is a feature of the So Lite Glide? A．It is 34.75 inches wide. B．It folds up easily. C．It moves automatically. D．It is self-adjustable. 3．Who is the So Lite Glide probably designed for? A．The physically inconvenienced. B．The blind and deaf. C．Healthcare workers. D．Mountain climbers. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了So Lite Glide这款直立行走辅助器的优势、特点、使用方法以及客户服务信息，旨在向读者展示该产品的优点并促进销售。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The Glide helps you walk the way you’ve always walked: Upright rather than bent over, facing ahead rather than looking down.(Glide能让你像以前一样走路：直立而不是弯腰，面朝前方而不是低头。)”可知，So Lite Glide与传统的步行器不同，它帮助用户保持直立行走，而不是弯腰驼背，同时也让用户面向前方而不是低头看路。这种自然的行走方式使得So Lite Glide在众多传统步行器中脱颖而出。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“That’s why there’s an easy and convenient one-button height control adjustment to attain the height you need-nothing to remove.(这就是为什么有一个简单方便的一键高度控制调整，以达到你需要的高度——没有什么要删除。)”可知，So Lite Glide具有一键折叠的功能，方便运输和存储。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，文章开头就提到传统步行器设计得不好，并描述了使用传统步行器时人们弯腰驼背、视线受限的情况。接着，文章介绍了So Lite Glide直立行走辅助器的优点，如帮助用户保持直立行走、提高可见性、减少背痛等。这些优点都表明So Lite Glide是为了改善身体不便人群的行走体验而设计的。因此，最有可能的用户群体是身体不便的人。故选A。 B At thirteen, I was diagnosed (诊断) with a kind of attention disorder. It made school difficult for me. When everyone else in the class was focusing on tasks, I could not. In my first literature class, Mrs. Smith asked us to read a story and then write on it, all within 45 minutes. I raised my hand right away and said, “Mrs. Smith, you see, the doctor said I have attention problems. I might not be able to do it.” She glanced down at me through her glasses, “You are not different from your classmates, young man.” I tried, but I didn’t finish the reading when the bell rang. I had to take it home. In the quietness of my bedroom, the story suddenly all became clear to me. It was about a blind person, Louis Braille. He lived in a time when the blind couldn’t get much education. But Louis didn’t give up. Instead, he invented a reading system of raised dots (点), which opened up a whole new world of knowledge to the blind. Wasn’t I the “blind” in my class, being made to learn like the “sighted” students? My thoughts spilled out and my pen started to dance. I completed the task within 40 minutes. Indeed, I was not different from others; I just needed a quieter place. If Louis could find his way out of his problem, why should I ever give up? I didn’t expect anything when I handed in my paper to Mrs. Smith, so it was quite a surprise when it came back to me the next day — with an “A” on it. At the bottom of the paper were these words, “See what you can do when you keep trying?” 4．What problem did the author meet when he was in class? A．He didn’t like the teacher. B．He was not fond of literature. C．The classroom was too noisy. D．He couldn’t focus his attention in class. 5．What’s Mrs. Smith’s attitude to the author in the classroom? A．She encouraged him. B．She looked down on him. C．She hurt him. D．She was angry with him. 6．What can we learn about Louis Braille from the passage? A．He managed to cure his blindness. B．He got a good education at school. C．He made an invention which helped the blind. D．He couldn’t see and read for the whole life. 7．What can we learn from the passage? A．How to be a great teacher. B．Keep trying, and you can do it. C．What should you do as a blind. D．Ways to overcome attention disorder. 【答案】4．D 5．A 6．C 7．B 【导语】文章主要讲述有注意力障碍的作者在老师鼓励下受故事启发，坚持努力完成任务拿到A的经历。 【详解】4．细节理解题。根据第一段中“At thirteen, I was diagnosed (诊断) with a kind of attention disorder. It made school difficult for me. When everyone else in the class was focusing on tasks, I could not.(十三岁时，我被诊断出有一种注意力障碍。这让上学对我来说十分困难。当班里其他所有人都专注于任务时，我却做不到。)”可知，作者在课堂上遇到的问题是无法集中自己的注意力。 5．推理判断题。根据第三段中“She glanced down at me through her glasses, “You are not different from your classmates, young man.”(她透过眼镜低头看向我，“年轻人，你和你的同班同学没有任何不同。”)”以及文末试卷评语“See what you can do when you keep trying?(看看当你坚持尝试时，你能做到什么?)”可知，史密斯老师全程都在鼓励作者不要自我设限、坚持完成任务。 6．细节理解题。根据第四段中“But Louis didn’t give up. Instead, he invented a reading system of raised dots, which opened up a whole new world of knowledge to the blind.(但路易斯没有放弃。相反，他发明了凸点阅读系统，为盲人打开了一个全新的知识世界。)”可知，路易斯·布莱叶做出了一项能帮助盲人的发明。 7．推理判断题。全文围绕有注意力障碍的作者在老师的鼓励下，受布莱叶的故事启发坚持完成任务，最终拿到A的经历展开，核心传递的正是“坚持尝试，你就能做成想做的事”的道理。 C For hundreds of years, people have used wind to drive boats on rivers or grind grain for food. Today, wind power has become one of the fastest-growing clean energy sources (能源) around the world. It offers us a green way to produce electricity without burning coal or oil, which helps cut down harmful gas and slow the speed of climate change. Wind turbines (风力发电机) are the key equipment for wind power. They look like huge fans firmly fixed on tall steel towers. When wind blows, it pushes the long blades (叶片) to spin. The spinning movement drives a generator (发电机) inside the machine and produces electricity. A single large turbine can supply enough electric power for hundreds of homes every year. When many turbines are placed together in the same area, they form a wind farm. Compared with traditional power plants, wind power has many strengths. It produces no dirty gas and will not pollute the air. Wind is free and it will not run out as fossil fuels do. However, it also has clear weaknesses. Wind does not blow all the time. On quiet, windless days, turbines cannot work at all. Besides, some people think these tall towers break the quiet beauty of nature. A few birds may also get hurt when flying near the fast-spinning blades. To solve these problems, engineers keep making new designs. They build wind farms out at sea, where winds are stronger and steadier than on land. They also set up special warning systems to protect birds. Experts believe wind power will play a bigger part as the world tries to reduce pollution and gradually turn to greener energy in the future. 8．What is the main idea of the text? A．Different kinds of clean energy. B．Advantages and disadvantages of wind power. C．The history of wind power. D．Ways to save electricity at home. 9．How does a wind turbine make electricity? A．It collects sunlight and turns it into power. B．It burns coal inside the tall tower. C．It uses water to produce electric power. D．Wind pushes its blades to spin and drive a generator. 10．The underlined word “spin” in Paragraph 2 means ______. A．turn round fast B．break down suddenly C．shine brightly D．grow slowly 11．What can we infer from the text? A．Wind can produce electricity everywhere all day long. B．Wind turbines do no harm to any wildlife. C．Wind farms at sea get more stable wind. D．Wind power has already taken the place of coal power. 【答案】8．B 9．D 10．A 11．C 【导语】文章主要介绍了风能这一清洁能源的发电原理、优缺点，以及工程师为解决其问题所做的努力。 【详解】8．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Today, wind power has become one of the fastest-growing clean energy sources (能源) around the world. It offers us a green way to produce electricity without burning coal or oil, which helps cut down harmful gas and slow the speed of climate change.(如今，风能已成为全球增长最快的清洁能源之一。它为我们提供了一种无需燃烧煤炭或石油的绿色发电方式，有助于减少有害气体排放，减缓气候变化的速度。)”和第三段中“Compared with traditional power plants, wind power has many strengths. It produces no dirty gas and will not pollute the air. Wind is free and it will not run out as fossil fuels do. However, it also has clear weaknesses. Wind does not blow all the time.(与传统发电厂相比，风能有诸多优势。它不产生脏气体，不会污染空气。风是免费的，不会像化石燃料那样耗尽。然而，它也有明显的缺点。风不会一直吹。)”可知，文章主要介绍了风能的优点和缺点展开，故B项“Advantages and disadvantages of wind power(风能的优缺点)”最能概括文章内容。 9．细节理解题。根据第二段中“When wind blows, it pushes the long blades (叶片) to spin. The spinning movement drives a generator (发电机) inside the machine and produces electricity.(当风吹来时，它推动长叶片旋转。旋转运动驱动机器内部的发电机并产生电力。)”可知，风力发电机通过风吹动叶片旋转并驱动发电机来发电。 10．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“When wind blows, it pushes the long blades (叶片) to spin. The spinning movement drives a generator (发电机) inside the machine and produces electricity.(当风吹来时，它推动长叶片spin。旋转运动驱动机器内部的发电机并产生电力。)”可知，当风吹动时，叶片开始转动，画线词“spin”与“turn round fast”意思一致。 11．推理判断题。根据第四段中“They build wind farms out at sea, where winds are stronger and steadier than on land.(他们在海上建设风电场，那里的风比陆地上更强、更稳定。)”可知，海上的风比陆地上更强、更稳定，所以海上风电场能获得更稳定的风。 D AI Helps Teenagers Make Better Travel Plans Travelling plays an important role in teenagers’ life, which can practically broaden their horizons and benefit their growth. 12 . Fortunately, with the help of AI, planning trips becomes not only much simpler but also brings many benefits.Save valuable time Usually, teenagers have to spend hours browsing different websites to gather practical information, including opening hours of tourist attractions, public transport timetables and hotel service information. AI can organize large amounts of information in a few minutes, making a basic travel plan quickly. 13 14 Teenagers can share their travel preferences with AI. They can tell AI their travel budget, personal hobbies and preferred travel pace. 15 . For example, if a teen is interested in history, AI will recommend museums and ancient architecture instead of crowded commercial shopping malls.Learn necessary skills When communicating with AI to adjust travel plans, they need to state their requirements clearly, consider the total cost and make wise choices between different activities. 16 . One thing is for sure: AI is just a helper, so teenagers themselves make the final decisions. AI is easy to use, but it may sometimes provide incorrect information. Therefore, teenagers should carefully double-check the important information from AI. If used properly, AI will certainly become a useful tool, helping teenagers plan wonderful and enjoyable trips. A．Make suitable plans B．Download useful apps C．This helps them learn to think and solve problems. D．Travelling alone is also popular among teenagers now. E．So teenagers don’t need to spend time on useless information. F．Then AI will advise proper destinations, local food and transportation. G．However, working out travel plans can be really tiring and troublesome. 【答案】12．G 13．E 14．A 15．F 16．C 【导语】本文介绍人工智能助力青少年规划旅行，省时、定制方案，还能锻炼能力，同时提醒青少年核实AI给出的信息。 【详解】12．由上文“Travelling plays an important role in teenagers’ life, which can practically broaden their horizons and benefit their growth.(旅行在青少年的生活中很重要，它确实能拓宽他们的视野，有益于他们的成长。)”以及下文“Fortunately, with the help of AI, planning trips becomes not only much simpler but also brings many benefits.(幸运的是，在人工智能的帮助下，规划旅行不仅变得简单得多，还能带来诸多好处。)”可知，前文讲旅行的好处，后文说AI帮规划旅行，此处需要转折引出规划旅行的难题，而G项“However, working out travel plans can be really tiring and troublesome.(然而，制定旅行计划可能十分累人又麻烦。)”符合此处语境，起到承上启下的转折作用。 13．由上文“AI can organize large amounts of information in a few minutes, making a basic travel plan quickly.(人工智能可以在几分钟内整理大量信息，快速生成一份基础旅行计划。)”可知，前文讲AI快速整理信息做计划，空格处应说明带来的结果，而E项“So teenagers don’t need to spend time on useless information.(所以青少年不必在无用信息上耗费时间。)”符合此处语境，So体现因果逻辑。 14．由下文“Teenagers can share their travel preferences with AI.(青少年可以把自己的旅行偏好告诉人工智能。)”可知，本段围绕根据个人偏好制定合适计划展开，而A项“Make suitable plans (制定合适的计划)”适合做本段小标题，概括本段主旨。 15．由上文“They can tell AI their travel budget, personal hobbies and preferred travel pace.(他们可以告诉人工智能自己的旅行预算、个人爱好和偏好的旅行节奏。)”可知，前文讲青少年向AI提供自身需求，空格处应承接说明AI给出对应建议，而F项“Then AI will advise proper destinations, local food and transportation.(然后人工智能会推荐合适的目的地、当地美食和交通方式。)”符合此处语境，Then体现顺承关系。 16．由上文“When communicating with AI to adjust travel plans, they need to state their requirements clearly, consider the total cost and make wise choices between different activities.(在和人工智能沟通调整旅行计划时，他们需要清晰说明需求、考虑总花费，并在不同活动间做出明智选择。)”可知，前文讲调整计划时的一系列思考行为，空格处应说明该过程带来的收获，而C项“This helps them learn to think and solve problems.(这帮助他们学会思考和解决问题。)”符合此处语境，This指代前文整件事。 二、完形填空 Last summer, Caroline Davis did a home improvement project and needed 1,500 pounds of gravel (石子). So Davis drove to a store, and started putting the gravel into her 17 . “I’m loading (把……装入), loading. And an older man 18 ,” she said. “And he says, ‘Do you know that your car has a 19 limit (限制)?’” Davis did not 20 that. She had never thought such a heavy load could 21 her car. Davis started to feel 22 : how was she going to unload all the gravel from her car and how would she get it back home? That’s when the man kindly offered to 23 . “He says, ‘I can put the gravel in my truck and take it to your house,’” Davis said. They loaded all the gravel into his truck, and she 24 her address. When they arrived at her house, the man helped her unload the gravel. She 25 him, again and again, but he told her not to worry about it. Davis didn’t want him to leave 26 . She tried to offer him money, but he refused. Then she thought of something he might 27 . “I have a garden. And I just say, ‘I have 28 some vegetables. Do you like cucumbers (黄瓜)?’” Davis said. “His face lights up when he hears that, and he 29 says, ‘Yes.’” Davis went to the garden, picked some cucumbers off the vine (藤), and gave them to the man. He looked excited. Today 30 by the old man, Davis is always 31 to help others. “I just want to pass the kindness on.” 17．A．car B．home C．bag D．store 18．A．falls down B．comes over C．gives up D．shows off 19．A．height B．speed C．weight D．time 20．A．mean B．use C．mind D．know 21．A．hurt B．move C．lock D．clean 22．A．lonely B．surprised C．worried D．proud 23．A．trade B．help C．explain D．pay 24．A．hid B．changed C．forgot D．shared 25．A．missed B．thanked C．taught D．called 26．A．well-fed B．worn-out C．light-hearted D．empty-handed 27．A．like B．own C．send D．find 28．A．cooked B．lost C．grown D．borrowed 29．A．also B．angrily C．never D．happily 30．A．encouraged B．remembered C．followed D．controlled 31．A．unable B．ready C．afraid D．lucky 【答案】 17．A 18．B 19．C 20．D 21．A 22．C 23．B 24．D 25．B 26．D 27．A 28．C 29．D 30．A 31．B 【导语】文章讲述了Caroline Davis在购买砾石时得到一位老人帮助的故事，以及她如何通过赠送黄瓜来表达感谢，并将这份善意传递下去。 【详解】17．考查名词。句意：所以Davis开车到一家商店，开始把砾石装进她的车里。A. car汽车；B. home家；C. bag包；D. store商店。根据上文“Last Summer, Caroline Davis did a home improvement project and needed 1,500 pounds of gravel (石子). So Davis drove to a store”可知，Davis是去商店买砾石，所以把砾石装进自己的车里。 18．考查动词短语。句意：“我正在装(砾石)。一个年长的男子走了过来，”她说。A. falls down摔倒；B. comes over走过来；C. gives up放弃；D. shows off炫耀。根据下文““And he says, ‘Do you know that your car has ____a limit (限制)?’””老人对Davis说话可知，老人是向她走了过来。 19．考查名词。句意：他说：“你知道你的车有重量限制吗？”A. height高度；B. speed速度；C. weight重量；D. time时间。根据文章第一句中的“1,500 pounds of gravel”和下文“She had never thought such a heavy load ”可知，砾石很重，老人提醒她车有载重限制。 20．考查动词。句意：Davis并不知道这一点。A. mean意味着；B. use使用；C. mind介意；D. know知道。根据下文“She had never thought such a heavy load could ____ her car.”可知，她之前从未想过这么重的东西会对车有影响，说明她并不知道车的载重限制。 21．考查动词。句意：她从未想过这么重的负载会伤害她的车。A. hurt伤害，损害；B. move移动；C. lock锁上；D. clean清洁。根据第二段“‘Do you know that your car has a ____ limit (限制)?’”和下文“how was she going to unload all the gravel from her car and how would she get it back home? ”可推断过重的负载会对车造成损害。 22．考查形容词。句意：Davis开始感到担心：她怎么把所有的砾石从车里卸下来，又怎么把它运回家呢？A. lonely孤独的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. worried担心的；D. proud骄傲的。根据下文“how was she going to unload all the gravel from her car and how would she get it back home”可知，她不知道该怎么办，因此感到担心。 23．考查动词。句意：就在那时，那位男子好心地主动提出帮忙。A. trade交易；B. help帮助；C. explain解释；D. pay支付。根据下文“He says, ‘I can put the gravel in my truck and take it to your house,’”可知，老人主动提出帮忙。 24．考查动词。句意：他们把所有的砾石装进他的卡车，她告诉了他她的地址。A. hid隐藏；B. changed改变；C. forgot忘记；D. shared分享，告知。根据下文“When they arrived at her house”可知，她告诉了老人她的地址，老人才能把砾石送到她家。share在此表示“告知，分享（信息）”。 25．考查动词。句意：她一遍又一遍地感谢他，但他告诉她不用担心。A. missed想念；B. thanked感谢；C. taught教；D. called打电话。根据第三段“He says, ‘I can put the gravel in my truck and take it to your house,’”和上文“When they arrived at her house, the man helped her unload the gravel. ”老人帮她运砾石并卸货可知，她应该感谢他。 26．考查形容词。句意：Davis不想让他空手离开。A. well-fed吃得好的；B. worn-out筋疲力尽的；C. light-hearted轻松的；D. empty-handed空手的。根据下文“She tried to offer him money, but he refused.”可知，她不想让老人什么都没得到就离开。 27．考查动词。句意：然后她想到了一些他可能会喜欢的东西。A. like喜欢；B. own拥有；C. send发送；D. find找到。根据下文“Do you like cucumbers (黄瓜)?”可知，她想到的是他可能会喜欢的东西。 28．考查动词。句意：我种了一些蔬菜。A. cooked烹饪；B. lost丢失；C. grown种植；D. borrowed借。根据下文“Davis went to the garden, picked some cucumbers off the vine”可知，蔬菜是她自己种的。 29．考查副词。句意：他听到后脸上露出喜色，高兴地说：“是的。”A. also也；B. angrily生气地；C. never从不；D. happily高兴地。根据上文“His face lights up when he hears that”可知，他听到后很高兴，所以应该是高兴地说。 30．考查动词。句意：今天，受到那位老人的鼓励，Davis总是乐于帮助别人。A. encouraged鼓励；B. remembered记得；C. followed跟随；D. controlled控制。根据下文“I just want to pass the kindness on.”可知，她受到老人善举的鼓励，想要把善意传递下去。 31．考查形容词。句意：今天，受到那位老人的鼓励，Davis总是乐于帮助别人。A. unable不能的；B. ready乐意的，准备好的；C. afraid害怕的；D. lucky幸运的。根据下文“I just want to pass the kindness on.”可知，她受到老人善举的鼓励，想要把善意传递下去，所以是乐于帮助别人，be ready to do sth.意为“乐于做某事，准备好做某事”，符合语境。 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 If you’re a tea lover traveling to Beijing, come and visit the Lao She Tea House, one of China’s most renowned tea houses. The tea house was named after the famous writer Lao She, 32 works show ordinary people’s real-life stories. Since it opened in 1988, it 33 (gain) praise from both locals and visitors from other places. As you step inside, decorations take you back to ancient China. The sense of calm from traditional lanterns and wooden chairs 34 (be) especially enjoyable. It is a perfect setting to relax and try different kinds of tea, 35 famous Chinese green tea to oolong, black, and jasmine (茉莉). The tea menu is introduced by knowledgeable tea 36 (host). They will offer you every tea variety you can 37 (possible) imagine, 38 they cannot make decisions for you. You need 39 (taste) several kinds before you find your favourite one. In addition to tea, the Lao She Tea House offers unique cultural experiences, including performances of traditional Chinese opera, acrobatics and puppet shows, making it 40 must-visit destination in Beijing. Overall, Lao She Tea House perfectly combines culture, atmosphere and entertainment. You can spend a relaxing afternoon 41 (explore) some of China’s finest tea there. 【答案】 32．whose 33．has gained 34．is 35．from 36．hosts 37．possibly 38．but 39．to taste 40．a 41．exploring 【导语】文章介绍了北京老舍茶馆的命名由来、环境氛围、茶品选择以及独特的文化表演，指出其完美融合了文化、氛围与娱乐。 【详解】32．考查定语从句。句意：这家茶馆以著名作家老舍命名，他的作品展现了普通人的真实生活故事。此处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the famous writer Lao She，关系词在从句中作works的定语，应用表示所属关系的关系代词whose引导该从句。 33．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自1988年开业以来，它赢得了当地人和外地游客的赞誉。gain(赢得)是谓语动词，与主语it之间是主动关系；结合时间状语Since it opened in 1988可知，动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时；主语为第三人称单数代词，谓语用单数形式has gained。 34．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：传统灯笼和木椅带来的宁静感尤其令人愉悦。连系动词be作谓语，句子描述现状，应用一般现在时态，主语The sense是单数，谓语用单数形式is。 35．考查介词。句意：这里是放松和品尝各种茶的完美场所，从著名的中国绿茶到乌龙茶、红茶和茉莉花茶。from...to...为固定搭配，意为“从……到……”。 36．考查名词复数。句意：茶单由知识渊博的茶艺师介绍。host(茶艺师)是可数名词作宾语，根据后文“They will offer you”可知此处指多位茶艺师，应用复数形式。 37．考查副词。句意：他们会为你提供你能想象到的每一种茶，但他们不能替你做决定。提示词修饰动词imagine，应用副词形式possibly作状语，意为“可能地”。 38．考查连词。句意：他们会为你提供你能想象到的每一种茶，但他们不能替你做决定。前后句之间为转折关系，应用并列连词but连接。 39．考查非谓语动词。句意：你需要品尝几种才能找到你最喜欢的一种。need to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“需要做某事”，用不定式to taste作宾语。 40．考查冠词。句意：除了茶，老舍茶馆还提供独特的文化体验，包括中国传统戏曲、杂技和木偶戏表演，使其成为北京一个必去的目的地。destination为可数名词单数，此处表示“一个必去的目的地”，泛指，且must-visit发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 41．考查非谓语动词。句意：你可以在那里探索中国一些最精美的茶。spend time (in) doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“花时间做某事”，用动名词exploring作宾语。 四、书信写作 42．假定你是李华,打算在即将到来的假期独自去旅游,而你的父母坚决不同意,你为此感到很苦恼.请给某英文杂志社的知心阿姨Agony Aunt写一封邮件,内容包括: 写邮件目的; 2. 遇到的问题及希望得到的帮助; 3. 表示感谢. 注意: 1. 写作词数应为100左右; 2. 邮件的开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数. Dear Agony Aunt, I’m Li Hua, a senior high student aged 16. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】例文 Dear Agony Aunt, I am Li Hua, a senior high student aged 16. I am writing to ask you for some help. As you know, with the holiday coming,I intend to go travelling by myself during the holidays. I believe it will be a piece of cake for me and that I can deal with the problems I may encounter. However, whatever I say, my parents don’t agree with me. They fear that I may meet with safety problems and can’t deal with sudden troubles on my own. I get so angry that I even quarrel with them fiercely and turn my back on them. Am I not old enough to travel alone? Now, I need your advice badly. I would be grateful to you if you could give me timely help. I am looking forward to your early reply. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【导语】文章设定身份为高中生李华，背景是自己计划假期独自旅行，但父母出于安全考虑坚决反对，双方产生矛盾，内心十分苦恼；写作任务是写信给杂志社的知心阿姨 Agony Aunt，说明写信目的、陈述当前遇到的亲子矛盾问题，请求对方给出建议，最后表达感谢。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 帮助：help → assistance 处理：deal with→ tackle 害怕：fear →dread 感激的：grateful →appreciative 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I am writing to ask you for some help. 拓展句：I amwriting to you because I hope to get some useful advice from you. 【点睛】【高分句型1】However, whatever I say, my parents don’t agree with me.（运用了whatever引导让步状语从句） 【高分句型2】I would be grateful to you if you could give me timely help.（运用了if引导条件状语从句） 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $