Unit 7 Reading Mark Twain 定语从句（核心语法精练）英语新教材沪教版九年级上册

Unit 7 Reading Mark Twain 核心语法精练 （定语从句） 目录 二、考点夯基 2 一、用恰当的单词填空 2 二、单项选择 2 三、完成句子 3 四、句型转换 4 一、语法选择 5 二、短文填空 6 定语从句 维度 who that which 核心定义 关系代词，用于指代人并引导定语从句修饰前面的人 关系代词，既可指人也可指物，适用范围最广 关系代词，只用于指代物并引导定语从句修饰前面的事物 先行词指代 只指人 指人或指物 只指物 从句所作成分 主语或宾语 主语或宾语 主语或宾语 标志词 / 特殊用法 先行词为表示人的名词（friend, girl, man, pilot, journalist 等） ① 先行词被序数词修饰（the first, the last）； ② 先行词被最高级修饰（the best, the most interesting）； ③ 先行词是不定代词（all, anything, everything, nothing） 先行词为表示事物的名词（book, story, fence, humour, report 等） 常见错误 ① 指物误用 who（the book who is on the desk ✗）；② 作主语时误省略 ① 序数词 / 最高级后误用 which；② 不定代词后误用 which；③ 该用 that 的特殊场景换用 who/which ① 指人误用 which（the girl which is tall ✗）；② 在序数词 / 最高级后误用 which 替代 that 一、用恰当的单词填空。 1. I know a young journalist ______ always writes about food safety. 2. The book ______ I borrowed from the library is about a brave pilot. 3. Mr. Lee is the kind of gentleman ______ never refuses to help others. 4. This is the most interesting story ______ I have ever read about a plane crash. 5. The old fence ______ stands at the back of the yard was built fifty years ago. 6. After the failure, there is nothing ______ can stop him from trying again. 7. The humour ______ the writer uses makes his stories popular among young readers. 8. She is the only pilot ______ has flown across the Atlantic five times. 9. The reporter asked the old man about the sort of experiences ______ changed his life. 10. I will never forget the brief report ______ the journalist wrote about the old pilot. 二、单项选择。 1. The journalist ______ wrote the article about the old pilot won a prize. A. who B. whom C. whose D. what 2. This is the most moving story ______ I have ever read about a plane crash. A. who B. which C. that D. what 3. The old fence ______ surrounds the yard was built by hand. A. who B. which C. whom D. whose 4. After the failure, there is nothing ______ can stop him from trying again. A. which B. who C. that D. what 5. I know the gentleman ______ you spoke to at the gate yesterday. A. which B. whose C. what D. / 6. The book ______ I bought last week is about a young pilot's adventures. A. who B. which C. whom D. whose 7. She is the only woman ______ has climbed the mountain in winter. A. that B. which C. whom D. what 8. The humour ______ the writer uses makes his stories popular. A. who B. whose C. which D. whom 9. The reporter asked the old man about the experiences ______ changed his life. A. who B. which C. whose D. what 10. I will never forget the brief report ______ the journalist wrote about the old pilot. A. who B. whom C. / D. whose 三、完成句子。 1. 我认识一位总是写食品安全报道的年轻记者。 I know a young journalist ______ always ______ food safety reports. 2. 这是我读过的最感人的故事。 This is the most moving story ______ I ______ ever read. 3. 院子四周那道旧栅栏是手工建造的。 The old fence ______ ______ around the yard was built by hand. 4. 经历过失败后，没有什么能阻止他。 After the failure, there is ______ ______ can stop him. 5. 我认识昨天在门口和你说话的那位绅士。 I know the gentleman ______ you spoke to yesterday. 6. 我上周买的那本书很有趣。 The book ______ I ______ last week is very interesting. 7. 她是唯一一个在冬天爬山的女性。 She is the only woman ______ ______ climbed the mountain in winter. 8. 这位作家使用的幽默手法很受欢迎。 The humour ______ the writer ______ is very popular. 9. 记者问了老人那些改变他一生的经历。 The reporter asked the old man about the experiences ______ changed his life. 10. 我永远不会忘记那篇关于老飞行员的简短报道。 I will never forget the brief report ______ the journalist ______ about the old pilot. 四、句型转换。 1. The journalist won a prize. He wrote about the old pilot.（用 who /that 合并为含定语从句的复合句） → The journalist ______ won a prize wrote about the old pilot. 2. This is the book. I bought it last week.（用 which /that 合并为含定语从句的复合句） → This is the book ______ I ______ last week. 3. The man is a gentleman. You spoke to him at the gate.（用 who /whom/that 合并为含定语从句的复合句） → The man ______ you spoke to at the gate is a gentleman. 4. The fence surrounds the yard. It was built fifty years ago.（用 which /that 合并为含定语从句的复合句） → The fence ______ surrounds the yard was built fifty years ago. 5. The story is very moving. I read it yesterday.（用 which /that 合并为含定语从句的复合句） → The story ______ I ______ yesterday is very moving. 6. She is the only woman. She has climbed the mountain in winter.（合并为含定语从句的复合句） → She is the only woman ______ ______ climbed the mountain in winter. 7. There is nothing. It can stop him from trying again after the failure.（合并为含定语从句的复合句） → There is ______ ______ can stop him from trying again after the failure. 8. The humour is very popular. The writer uses it in his stories.（合并为含定语从句的复合句） → The humour ______ the writer ______ in his stories is very popular. 9. The reporter asked the old man about the experiences. The experiences changed his life.（合并为含定语从句的复合句） → The reporter asked the old man about the experiences ______ ______ changed his life. 10. I will never forget the brief report. The journalist wrote it about the old pilot.（合并为含定语从句的复合句） → I will never forget the brief report ______ the journalist ______ about the old pilot. 一、语法选择 Do you like reading stories? Maybe you will answer, “No, I’m not 1 child anymore!” Yes, children all over the world always love stories. Chinese are 2 in the Monkey King’s story. It has been a popular bedtime story in China for many years. In fact, adults also love the story a lot. The clever monkey 3 the hearts of many Chinese people. British boys and girls know Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland well. As the name 4 , it’s a story full of dangerous but exciting trips. Children laugh, cry and even get 5 together with Alice while reading the story. Most American kids have read The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. Everyone likes the brave boy Tom Sawyer. 6 also experiences lots of risks. Some scenes of the story may cause your heart 7 faster, because Tom and his friends meet some bad men and they fight 8 these men. You may ask me if I like 9 . Yes, I have liked them ever since I was very young. At that time, I often 10 all my money on storybooks. For me, stories are much more delicious than chocolate! They help me learn a lot. So enjoy stories whether you’re young or old. 1．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．A．interesting B．interested C．interest D．interestingly 3．A．wins B．is winning C．was winning D．will win 4．A．show B．to show C．shows D．shown 5．A．scared B．scaring C．excited D．exciting 6．A．He B．She C．Himself D．Herself 7．A．beat B．to beat C．run D．to run 8．A．for B．around C．to D．against 9．A．stories B．story C．story’s D．stories’ 10．A．spend B．spent C．are spent D．were spent 二、语法填空 根据短文内容，在横线上填上适当单词，使短文完整、通顺；给出单词的空格不限一词，没有给出单词的空格限一词 There was once a boy in a village. Whenever he asked people to do things, no one would listen to 1 (he). He was sad, so he asked a magician to solve the problem by 2 (use) magic. The magician tried a lot of magic, but it didn’t work. A young man heard about the problem. He went to the boy and said that he knew how 3 (help) him. He 4 (lay) out two pieces of paper with two 5 (word) on the table. “These are two words, my boy. Use the 6 (one) before you ask others to do something, and use the second when they have done it. 7 smile is also necessary,” the young man said. The boy was happy and tried to use them. When he asked people to do something, he said “Please” before his words, and “Thanks” 8 they have done. People found the boy could be polite. The magician was 9 (surprise) and the young man told him the reason. The boy finally learnt that he should speak 10 (polite) than before and people would like him. 1.____________ 2.____________ 3.____________ 4.____________ 5._____________ 6.____________ 7.____________ 8.____________ 9.____________ 10.____________ 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 7 Reading Mark Twain 核心语法精练 （定语从句） 目录 二、考点夯基 2 一、用恰当的单词填空 2 二、单项选择 3 三、完成句子 5 四、句型转换 7 一、语法选择 9 二、短文填空 11 定语从句 维度 who that which 核心定义 关系代词，用于指代人并引导定语从句修饰前面的人 关系代词，既可指人也可指物，适用范围最广 关系代词，只用于指代物并引导定语从句修饰前面的事物 先行词指代 只指人 指人或指物 只指物 从句所作成分 主语或宾语 主语或宾语 主语或宾语 标志词 / 特殊用法 先行词为表示人的名词（friend, girl, man, pilot, journalist 等） ① 先行词被序数词修饰（the first, the last）； ② 先行词被最高级修饰（the best, the most interesting）； ③ 先行词是不定代词（all, anything, everything, nothing） 先行词为表示事物的名词（book, story, fence, humour, report 等） 常见错误 ① 指物误用 who（the book who is on the desk ✗）；② 作主语时误省略 ① 序数词 / 最高级后误用 which；② 不定代词后误用 which；③ 该用 that 的特殊场景换用 who/which ① 指人误用 which（the girl which is tall ✗）；② 在序数词 / 最高级后误用 which 替代 that 一、用恰当的单词填空。 1. I know a young journalist ______ always writes about food safety. 【答案】who /that 【解析】本题考查关系代词指人。先行词 a young journalist 指人，关系代词在从句中作主语，用 who 或 that，不能用 which。 2. The book ______ I borrowed from the library is about a brave pilot. 【答案】which /that/ 不填 【解析】本题考查关系代词指物及省略规则。先行词 The book 指物，关系代词在从句中作 borrowed 的宾语，可以用 which 或 that，也可以省略。 3. Mr. Lee is the kind of gentleman ______ never refuses to help others. 【答案】who /that 【解析】本题考查关系代词指人。先行词 gentleman 指人，关系代词在从句中作主语，用 who 或 that。 4. This is the most interesting story ______ I have ever read about a plane crash. 【答案】that 【解析】本题考查最高级后只用 that。先行词被最高级 the most interesting 修饰，关系代词只能用 that，不能用 which。 5. The old fence ______ stands at the back of the yard was built fifty years ago. 【答案】which /that 【解析】本题考查关系代词指物。先行词 The old fence 指物，关系代词在从句中作主语，用 which 或 that。 6. After the failure, there is nothing ______ can stop him from trying again. 【答案】that 【解析】本题考查不定代词后只用 that。先行词是不定代词 nothing，关系代词只能用 that，不能用 which。 7. The humour ______ the writer uses makes his stories popular among young readers. 【答案】which /that/ 不填 【解析】本题考查关系代词指物及省略。先行词 The humour 指物，关系代词在从句中作 uses 的宾语，可用 which/that，也可省略。 8. She is the only pilot ______ has flown across the Atlantic five times. 【答案】that 【解析】本题考查序数词 / 限定词后只用 that。先行词被 the only 修饰，关系代词只能用 that，不能用 who 或 which。 9. The reporter asked the old man about the sort of experiences ______ changed his life. 【答案】which /that 【解析】本题考查关系代词指物。先行词 experiences 指事物，关系代词在从句中作主语，用 which 或 that。 10. I will never forget the brief report ______ the journalist wrote about the old pilot. 【答案】which /that/ 不填 【解析】本题考查关系代词指物及省略。先行词 the brief report 指物，关系代词在从句中作 wrote 的宾语，可用 which/that，也可以省略。 二、单项选择。 1. The journalist ______ wrote the article about the old pilot won a prize. A. who B. whom C. whose D. what 【答案】A 【解析】本题考查关系代词指人。先行词 The journalist 指人，关系代词在从句中作主语，用 who；whom 作宾语，whose 表所属，what 不引导定语从句，故选 A。 2. This is the most moving story ______ I have ever read about a plane crash. A. who B. which C. that D. what 【答案】C 【解析】本题考查最高级后只用 that。先行词被最高级 the most moving 修饰，关系代词只能用 that，不能用 which，故选 C。 3. The old fence ______ surrounds the yard was built by hand. A. who B. which C. whom D. whose 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查关系代词指物。先行词 The old fence 指物，关系代词在从句中作主语，用 which；who/whom 指人，whose 表所属，故选 B。 4. After the failure, there is nothing ______ can stop him from trying again. A. which B. who C. that D. what 【答案】C 【解析】本题考查不定代词后只用 that。先行词是不定代词 nothing，关系代词只能用 that，不能用 which，故选 C。 5. I know the gentleman ______ you spoke to at the gate yesterday. A. which B. whose C. what D. / 【答案】D 【解析】本题考查关系代词作宾语可省略。先行词 the gentleman 指人，关系代词在从句中作 to 的宾语，可以省略；which 指物，whose 表所属，what 不引导定语从句，故选 D。 6. The book ______ I bought last week is about a young pilot's adventures. A. who B. which C. whom D. whose 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查关系代词指物。先行词 The book 指物，关系代词在从句中作 bought 的宾语，用 which 或 that，也可省略；who/whom 指人，whose 表所属，故选 B。 7. She is the only woman ______ has climbed the mountain in winter. A. that B. which C. whom D. what 【答案】A 【解析】本题考查 the only 后只用 that。先行词被 the only 修饰，关系代词只能用 that，不能用 which，故选 A。 8. The humour ______ the writer uses makes his stories popular. A. who B. whose C. which D. whom 【答案】C 【解析】本题考查关系代词指物。先行词 The humour 指物，关系代词在从句中作 uses 的宾语，用 which 或 that，也可省略；who/whom 指人，whose 表所属，故选 C。 9. The reporter asked the old man about the experiences ______ changed his life. A. who B. which C. whose D. what 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查关系代词指物。先行词 the experiences 指事物，关系代词在从句中作主语，用 which 或 that；who 指人，whose 表所属，what 不引导定语从句，故选 B。 10. I will never forget the brief report ______ the journalist wrote about the old pilot. A. who B. whom C. / D. whose 【答案】C 【解析】本题考查关系代词作宾语可省略。先行词 the brief report 指物，关系代词在从句中作 wrote 的宾语，可以省略；who/whom 指人，whose 表所属，故选 C。 三、完成句子。 1. 我认识一位总是写食品安全报道的年轻记者。 I know a young journalist ______ always ______ food safety reports. 【答案】who /that; writes 【解析】先行词 a young journalist 指人，关系代词在从句中作主语，用 who 或 that；主语是第三人称单数，一般现在时谓语动词加 -es，故填 writes。 2. 这是我读过的最感人的故事。 This is the most moving story ______ I ______ ever read. 【答案】that; have 【解析】先行词被最高级 the most moving 修饰，关系代词只能用 that；现在完成时结构 have + 过去分词，主语是 I，故填 have。 3. 院子四周那道旧栅栏是手工建造的。 The old fence ______ ______ around the yard was built by hand. 【答案】which /that; stands 【解析】先行词 The old fence 指物，关系代词在从句中作主语，用 which 或 that；stand around 意为 "环绕"，主语是单数，一般现在时谓语加 -s，故填 stands。 4. 经历过失败后，没有什么能阻止他。 After the failure, there is ______ ______ can stop him. 【答案】nothing; that 【解析】先行词是不定代词 nothing，关系代词只能用 that，不能用 which；there is nothing 后接定语从句，故填 nothing that。 5. 我认识昨天在门口和你说话的那位绅士。 I know the gentleman ______ you spoke to yesterday. 【答案】who /whom/that / 不填 【解析】先行词 the gentleman 指人，关系代词在从句中作 to 的宾语，可用 who/whom/that，也可以省略，故填 who /whom/that 或不填。 6. 我上周买的那本书很有趣。 The book ______ I ______ last week is very interesting. 【答案】which /that/ 不填；bought 【解析】先行词 The book 指物，关系代词在从句中作 bought 的宾语，可用 which/that，也可省略；last week 表示过去时，buy 的过去式为 bought，故填 bought。 7. 她是唯一一个在冬天爬山的女性。 She is the only woman ______ ______ climbed the mountain in winter. 【答案】that; has 【解析】先行词被 the only 修饰，关系代词只能用 that，不能用 who 或 which；现在完成时结构 have + 过去分词，主语是第三人称单数，故填 has。 8. 这位作家使用的幽默手法很受欢迎。 The humour ______ the writer ______ is very popular. 【答案】which /that/ 不填；uses 【解析】先行词 The humour 指物，关系代词在从句中作 uses 的宾语，可用 which/that，也可省略；主语 the writer 是第三人称单数，一般现在时谓语加 -s，故填 uses。 9. 记者问了老人那些改变他一生的经历。 The reporter asked the old man about the experiences ______ changed his life. 【答案】which /that 【解析】先行词 the experiences 指事物，关系代词在从句中作主语，用 which 或 that；who 指人，故排除。 10. 我永远不会忘记那篇关于老飞行员的简短报道。 I will never forget the brief report ______ the journalist ______ about the old pilot. 【答案】which /that/ 不填；wrote 【解析】先行词 the brief report 指物，关系代词在从句中作 wrote 的宾语，可用 which/that，也可省略；"写报道" 发生在过去，write 的过去式为 wrote，故填 wrote。 四、句型转换。 1. The journalist won a prize. He wrote about the old pilot.（用 who /that 合并为含定语从句的复合句） → The journalist ______ won a prize wrote about the old pilot. 【答案】who /that 【解析】先行词 The journalist 指人，关系代词在从句中作主语，用 who 或 that，不能用 which。 2. This is the book. I bought it last week.（用 which /that 合并为含定语从句的复合句） → This is the book ______ I ______ last week. 【答案】which /that/ 不填；bought 【解析】先行词 The book 指物，关系代词在从句中作 bought 的宾语，可用 which/that，也可省略；last week 表示过去时，buy 的过去式为 bought。 3. The man is a gentleman. You spoke to him at the gate.（用 who /whom/that 合并为含定语从句的复合句） → The man ______ you spoke to at the gate is a gentleman. 【答案】who /whom/that / 不填 【解析】先行词 The man 指人，关系代词在从句中作 to 的宾语，可用 who/whom/that，也可以省略。 4. The fence surrounds the yard. It was built fifty years ago.（用 which /that 合并为含定语从句的复合句） → The fence ______ surrounds the yard was built fifty years ago. 【答案】which /that 【解析】先行词 The fence 指物，关系代词在从句中作主语，用 which 或 that，不能用 who。 5. The story is very moving. I read it yesterday.（用 which /that 合并为含定语从句的复合句） → The story ______ I ______ yesterday is very moving. 【答案】which /that/ 不填；read 【解析】先行词 The story 指物，关系代词在从句中作 read 的宾语，可用 which/that，也可省略；yesterday 表示过去时，read 的过去式仍为 read。 6. She is the only woman. She has climbed the mountain in winter.（合并为含定语从句的复合句） → She is the only woman ______ ______ climbed the mountain in winter. 【答案】that; has 【解析】先行词被 the only 修饰，关系代词只能用 that，不能用 who 或 which；现在完成时主语是第三人称单数，助动词用 has。 7. There is nothing. It can stop him from trying again after the failure.（合并为含定语从句的复合句） → There is ______ ______ can stop him from trying again after the failure. 【答案】nothing; that 【解析】先行词是不定代词 nothing，关系代词只能用 that，不能用 which；there is nothing 后接定语从句。 8. The humour is very popular. The writer uses it in his stories.（合并为含定语从句的复合句） → The humour ______ the writer ______ in his stories is very popular. 【答案】which /that/ 不填；uses 【解析】先行词 The humour 指物，关系代词在从句中作 uses 的宾语，可用 which/that，也可省略；主语 the writer 是第三人称单数，一般现在时谓语加 -s。 9. The reporter asked the old man about the experiences. The experiences changed his life.（合并为含定语从句的复合句） → The reporter asked the old man about the experiences ______ ______ changed his life. 【答案】which /that 【解析】先行词 the experiences 指事物，关系代词在从句中作主语，用 which 或 that；who 指人，故排除。 10. I will never forget the brief report. The journalist wrote it about the old pilot.（合并为含定语从句的复合句） → I will never forget the brief report ______ the journalist ______ about the old pilot. 【答案】which /that/ 不填；wrote 【解析】先行词 the brief report 指物，关系代词在从句中作 wrote 的宾语，可用 which/that，也可省略；"写报道" 发生在过去，write 的过去式为 wrote。 一、语法选择 Do you like reading stories? Maybe you will answer, “No, I’m not 1 child anymore!” Yes, children all over the world always love stories. Chinese are 2 in the Monkey King’s story. It has been a popular bedtime story in China for many years. In fact, adults also love the story a lot. The clever monkey 3 the hearts of many Chinese people. British boys and girls know Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland well. As the name 4 , it’s a story full of dangerous but exciting trips. Children laugh, cry and even get 5 together with Alice while reading the story. Most American kids have read The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. Everyone likes the brave boy Tom Sawyer. 6 also experiences lots of risks. Some scenes of the story may cause your heart 7 faster, because Tom and his friends meet some bad men and they fight 8 these men. You may ask me if I like 9 . Yes, I have liked them ever since I was very young. At that time, I often 10 all my money on storybooks. For me, stories are much more delicious than chocolate! They help me learn a lot. So enjoy stories whether you’re young or old. 1．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．A．interesting B．interested C．interest D．interestingly 3．A．wins B．is winning C．was winning D．will win 4．A．show B．to show C．shows D．shown 5．A．scared B．scaring C．excited D．exciting 6．A．He B．She C．Himself D．Herself 7．A．beat B．to beat C．run D．to run 8．A．for B．around C．to D．against 9．A．stories B．story C．story’s D．stories’ 10．A．spend B．spent C．are spent D．were spent 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．A 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文主要介绍中国、英国、美国孩子喜爱的故事，分别是美猴王相关故事、《爱丽丝梦游仙境》、《汤姆・索亚历险记》，并表达作者对故事的喜爱。 【详解】1．句意：不，我不再是一个小孩了。 根据“child”是可数名词单数且泛指，以及首音素为辅音，可知应用不定冠词a。an用于元音前，the表特指，/用于复数或不可数，均不符。 2．句意：中国人对美猴王的故事感兴趣。 “be interested in”固定搭配，且主语是人，可知此处应用interested“感兴趣的”，interesting“有趣的”修饰物，interest是名词，interestingly是副词，均不符。 3．句意：这只聪明的猴子赢得了许多中国人的心。 陈述客观事实应用一般现在时，且主语“monkey”为单数，可知谓语动词用wins。“is winning（现在进行时）、was winning（过去进行时）和will win（一般将来时）”时态不符。 4．句意：正如名字所示，这是一个充满危险却又令人兴奋的旅程故事。 根据上下文可知该句为一般现在时，主语“name”是单数，可知动词用shows。show主谓不一致，“to show（动词不定式）、shown（过去分词）”为非谓语动词，形式不符。 5．句意：孩子们在阅读故事时，会和爱丽丝一起欢笑、哭泣，甚至感到害怕。 “get”后接形容词表状态，且主语是人，应用“-ed”形式的形容词；结合前文“dangerous”，可知选scared。“scaring令人害怕的、exciting令人兴奋的”修饰物，excited“兴奋的”情感色彩不符。 6．句意：他也经历了很多风险。 指代前文“Tom Sawyer”，且为男性，在句中作主语，可知用代词主格He。She性别不符，Himself、Herself为反身代词不作主语，均不符合题意。 7．句意：故事中的某些场景可能会让你的心跳加速，因为汤姆和他的朋友们遇到了坏人，并与他们展开了搏斗。 表示“心跳得快”用动词beat，run“跑”搭配不当；“cause sb. to do sth.”为固定搭配，可知用不定式to beat。 8．句意：故事中的某些场景可能会让你的心跳加速，因为汤姆和他的朋友们遇到了坏人，并与他们展开了搏斗。 “fight against”表示与……战斗/对抗，可知选against。“for为了；around围绕；to到”介词含义不符。 9．句意：你可能会问我是否喜欢故事。 根据语境可知，该处泛指喜欢故事这一类事物，应用复数形式stories。story为名词单数，表泛指不如复数自然，story’s和stories’均为所有格，不符合语境。 10．句意：那时，我经常把所有的钱都花在故事书上。 “At that time”提示过去时间，且主语I与spend是主动关系，可知用spent。spend为动词原形，时态不符，are spent和were spent是被动语态，均不符合题意。 二、语法填空 根据短文内容，在横线上填上适当单词，使短文完整、通顺；给出单词的空格不限一词，没有给出单词的空格限一词 There was once a boy in a village. Whenever he asked people to do things, no one would listen to 1 (he). He was sad, so he asked a magician to solve the problem by 2 (use) magic. The magician tried a lot of magic, but it didn’t work. A young man heard about the problem. He went to the boy and said that he knew how 3 (help) him. He 4 (lay) out two pieces of paper with two 5 (word) on the table. “These are two words, my boy. Use the 6 (one) before you ask others to do something, and use the second when they have done it. 7 smile is also necessary,” the young man said. The boy was happy and tried to use them. When he asked people to do something, he said “Please” before his words, and “Thanks” 8 they have done. People found the boy could be polite. The magician was 9 (surprise) and the young man told him the reason. The boy finally learnt that he should speak 10 (polite) than before and people would like him. 1.____________ 2.____________ 3.____________ 4.____________ 5._____________ 6.____________ 7.____________ 8.____________ 9.____________ 10.____________ 【答案】 1．him 2．using 3．to help 4．laid 5．words 6．first 7．A 8．after 9．surprised 10．more politely 【导语】本文主要介绍了一个男孩最初无论要求别人做任何事情都没有人搭理他。他很苦恼，于是请求魔术师用魔法帮助他，但是没有任何成效。最终在一个年轻人的帮助下他明白了请求别人做事首先要有礼貌，别人才会喜欢他，帮助他。 【详解】1．句意：无论什么时候他要求人们做事情，没有人会听他的。空前有介词to，“listen to sb.”意为“听某人”，用人称代词he的宾格形式作宾语him。故填him。 2．句意：他很伤心，因此他请求一个魔术师通过使用魔法的方式来解决这个问题。“by doing sth.”意为“通过做某事的方式”，by后接use的动名词形式using。故填using。 3．句意：他走向男孩对男孩说，他知道怎么帮助男孩。“how to do sth.”意为“如何做某事”，用help的不定式形式to help。故填to help。 4．句意：他摆出两张纸在桌上，纸上写着两个字。根据前后句可知，此处时态为一般过去时，用lay的过去式laid。故填laid。 5．句意：他摆出两张纸在桌上，纸上写着两个字。空前有two，后面的名词应用复数形式，word的复数形式为words。故填words。 6．句意：在要求别人做某事之前先使用第一个，在他们做完某事时再用第二个。根据后文的“second”可知，此处用序数词，one的序数词为first。故填first。 7．句意：一个微笑是有必要的。此处需用不定冠词表示泛指，smile“微笑”是以辅音音素开头的单词，需用不定冠词a，因位于句首，首字母需大写。故填A。 8．句意：当他要求人们做某事时，他在说话之前说“请”，在他们做完之后说“谢谢”。此处需用连词引导时间状语从句，after的意思是“在……之后”。故填after。 9．句意：魔术师很惊讶，年轻人告诉了他原因。此处需用形容词作表语，surprise的形容词是surprised，意思是“惊讶的”，修饰人。故填surprised。 10．句意：男孩终于知道他应该比以前更礼貌地说话，人们会喜欢他。此处需用副词的比较级作状语修饰动词speak，polite的副词是politely，其比较级是 more politely，意思是“更礼貌”。故填more politely。 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 7 Reading Mark Twain（定语从句） 参考答案 一、用恰当的单词填空。 1.who /that； 2. which /that/ 不填； 3. who /that； 4. that； 5. which /that； 6. that； 7. which /that/ 不填； 8. that； 9. which /that； 10. which /that/ 不填 二、单项选择。 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. B 7. A 8. C 9. B 10. C 三、完成句子。 1. who /that; writes 2. that; have； 3. which /that; stands； 4. nothing; that； 5. who /whom/that/ 不填； 6. which /that/ 不填；bought； 7. that; has； 8. which /that/ 不填；uses； 9. which /that； 10. which /that/ 不填；wrote 四、句型转换。 1. who /that 2. which /that/ 不填；bought 3. who /whom/that/ 不填 4. which /that 5. which /that/ 不填；read 6. that; has 7. nothing; that 8. which /that/ 不填；uses 9. which /that 10. which /that/ 不填；wrote 一、语法选择 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．A 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．A 10．B 二、语法填空 1．him 2．using 3．to help 4．laid 5．words 6．first 7．A 8．after 9．surprised 10．more politely 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $