Unit 5 First Aid（教材考点精练）英语人教版选择性必修第二册
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Unit 5 First Aid
单元重点单词短语句型语法精练
考点夯基攻坚
1． 重点单词：
technique n. 技能，技术，技艺
organ n. (人或动植物的)器官
minor adj. 较小的，次要的，轻微的
victim n. 受害者，患者
swell vi. 膨胀，肿胀
underneath prep.|adv. 在……底下，隐藏在下面|在……底下，隐藏在下面
nerve n. 神经
loose adj.； 的，未系紧的，宽松的
urgent adj. 紧急的，急迫的，急切的
ease vt.|vi.&vt.|n. 减轻，缓解|使容易，使顺利|容易，舒适，自在
swallow vt.&vi. 吞下，咽下
wrap vt. 包裹，(用手臂等)围住
bathe n.|vt. 洗澡，浴缸、浴盆，洗澡水|给……洗澡
slip vi.|n. 滑倒，滑落，溜走|滑倒，小错误，纸条
elderly adj. 年老的，渐老的(委婉)
ambulance n. 救护车
delay vi.& vt.|vt.|n. 推迟，延期(做某事)|耽误，耽搁|延误，耽搁(的时间)，推迟
drown vi.&vt. (使)淹死，溺死，浸泡，淹没
bleed vi. 流血，失血
panic vi.&vt.|n. (使)惊慌|惊恐，恐慌
interrupt vi.&vi.|vt. 打断，打扰|使暂停，使中断
scream vi.&vt.|n. (因愤怒或恐惧)高声喊，大声叫|尖叫，尖锐刺耳的声音
fellow adj.|n. 同类的，同事的，同伴的|男人，家伙，同事，同辈，同类
desperate adj. 绝望的，孤注一掷的，非常需要的
practical adj. 切实可行的，实际的，实践的
obstruction n. 阻碍，堵塞，阻塞物
tight adj.|adv. 牢固的，紧身的，绷紧的，严密的|紧紧地，牢固地
justify vi. 证明……有道理，为……辩护，……的正当理由
welfare n. 幸福，福祉，安康，福利
collapse vi. (突然)倒塌，(因病等)昏倒
foggy adj. 有雾的
suburb n. 郊区，城外
membership n. 会员身份，全体会员，会员人数
2． 重点短语：
sense of touch触觉
electric shock触电，电击
help sb to one's feet帮助某人站起身来
face up/down面朝上(朝下)
sleep in迟起，睡过头，睡懒觉
out of shape健康状况不好
3． 派生词：
technique n.→ technical adj. → technically adv.
organ n. → organic adj. 有机的；器官的 → organically adv.
minor adj. → minority n. 少数派；少数民族
swell v. → swollen adj. 肿起的；肿胀的
nerve n. → nervous adj. → nervously adv. → nervy adj. 厚脸皮的；易紧张的
electric adj. → electrical adj. 有关电的；电气科学的→ electricity n. 电流
loose adj. → loosely adv. 宽松地；松散地 → loosen v.（使）放松；解开
urgent adj. → urgently adv. → urgency n. 紧急；急迫
operator n. → operate v. → operation n.
ease n. → easy adj. → easily adv. → uneasy adj. 不安的；
slip v. → 过去式 slipped，过去分词 slipped
panic v&n.→过去式 panicked→过去分词 panicked；n. 恐慌 → adj. panicky恐慌
scream v./n. → 派生词 screaming adj. 尖叫的
bleed v. → n. blood（血液）→bloody adj. 血腥的→bleeding n./adj. 出血（的）
drown v. → drowning adj. 溺水的；drowned adj. 已溺亡的
tight adj. → adv. tightly→v. tighten（使收紧）
desperate adj.→ adv. desperately→n. desperation
choke v. → choking adj. 令人窒息的、呛人的→choked（adj. 堵塞的、哽咽的）
4． 重点句型：
1. Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary, unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin.意为：如有必要，用剪刀剪掉伤者身上的衣物，但如果看到布料粘在烧伤的皮肤上，就不要这么做。此句中，if necessary 为if it is necessary的缩略形式。
2. Applying oil to the injured areas is a bad idea, as it will keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection. 意为：在受伤部位涂抹油脂是错误的做法，因为这会将热量封在伤口内，还可能引发感染。此句中，apply sth to sth意为 “敷，涂，擦”。
3. If the victim is suffering from second or third-degree burns, there is an urgent need to take him/her to the hospital at once.意为：如果伤者属于二度或三度烧伤，就必须立刻将其送往医院。此句中，there is an urgent need to do sth 意为“迫切需要”。
4. Chen Wei, a high school student in Beijing, had his dinner interrupted when he heard someone screaming from another table.意为：北京的一名高中生陈威，正吃着晚饭，突然邻桌传来尖叫声，打断了他的用餐。此句中，had his dinner interrupted 和 heard someone screaming均使用了非谓语动词作宾补。
小题夯基·精准突破
一、单词拼写:（每题1分，共计20分）
1．In third-degree burns, the tissue u________ the skin can often be seen clearly, which is a very dangerous sign. (根据首字母单词拼写)
2．There is an u________ need to send the victim to hospital at once, especially when the burn is second or third-degree. (根据首字母单词拼写)
3．After cleaning the wound gently, the nurse covered it with a l________ clean cloth to protect it from infection. (根据首字母单词拼写)
4．If the n________ are damaged, the victim may feel little or no pain even though the burn is extremely deep. (根据首字母单词拼写)
5．The skin is the largest o________ of the human body, covering every part of us from head to toe. (根据首字母单词拼写)
6．The doctor said the injury was m________ and would heal within a couple of days if properly treated. (根据首字母单词拼写)
7．If the burnt area becomes red and s________, you should avoid breaking any blisters that may form on the surface. (根据首字母单词拼写)
8．We should offer care and support to every v________ of natural disasters and help them rebuild their homes. (根据首字母单词拼写)
9．Don’t p________! Please stay calm and follow the operator’s instructions. （根据首字母单词拼写）
10．He wore a t________ bandage around his knee to keep the wound from moving. （根据首字母单词拼写）
11．The mother was d________ to find her lost child in the crowded square. （根据首字母单词拼写）
12．Learning first aid is not only theoretical but also very p________; it can save lives in real emergencies. （根据首字母单词拼写）
13．The manager had to j________ his decision to fire the employee in front of the whole team. （根据首字母单词拼写）
14．The old bridge suddenly c________ under the weight of the heavy truck, blocking the road. （根据首字母单词拼写）
15．Please don’t i_________ the operator while she is giving you emergency instructions.（根据首字母单词拼写）
16．The lifeguard jumped into the river to save the boy, who was at risk of d_________.（根据首字母单词拼写）
17．Apply pressure to the wound with a clean cloth to stop the b________. (根据首字母单词拼写)
18．The old lady s______ on the icy street and broke her leg.
19．Bad weather forced the airline to d________ all flights, leaving hundreds of passengers waiting at the airport. (根据首字母单词拼写)
20．As soon as he came back to life from the accident, he called an a______________.
二、单项选择:（每题1分，共计15分）
21．Our teacher uses ______ teaching methods to suit different students’ learning styles.
A．flexible B．loose C．generous D．internal
22．The charity organization set up a support center to provide basic necessities for every ________ of the recent earthquake.
A．peer B．victim C．inspector D．architect
23．The local community centre relies entirely on volunteers who provide free legal and medical ________ to those who cannot afford professional services.
A．version B．technique C．arrangement D．assistance
24．The organization will offer ________ medical treatment to people in the remote area.
A．generous B．sensitive C．loose D．internal
25．The workers are trying to apply modern ________ to this traditional craft.
A．victims B．organs C．techniques D．layers
26．I am convinced that the print media are usually more ________ and more reliable than the Internet.
A．mutual B．gradual C．accurate D．urgent
27．A fellow diner at the restaurant, Zhang Tao, was choking ________ some steak. He was now holding his throat with his face turning red, while his ________ friends were slapping him on the back.
A．with; desperate B．on; desperate C．on; swollen D．with; swollen
28．Climate change is a big threat to our earth. It’s time to take ________ action from now on.
A．flexible B．abstract C．temporary D．urgent
29．His repeated excuses for being late ________ — I’ve told him how important punctuality is many times.
A．gets on my nerves B．touches a nerve C．strains every nerve D．keeps the nerve
30．The fireworks display was truly________.
A．awesome B．swollen C．delayed D．interrupted
31．Honesty is a ________ value in any relationship.
A．fundamental B．pleasant C．desperate D．swollen
32．The bookshop ________ took the book and checked the price on the back cover.
A．victim B．assistant C．novelist D．physician
33．Remember never to leave your dog ________. It might bite people around.
A．upset B．calm C．concerned D．loose
34．To my surprise, only using such ________as decorated whips, the opera transforms a small stage into the whole universe.
A．impression B．responsibility C．technique D．comment
35．The emergency nurse can treat injuries without reference to a doctor.
A．practical B．loose C．electronic D．minor
三、语法填空：（每题1分，共计15分）
36．The host put the guest ease. (用适当的词填空)
37．He finished it with (easy). (所给词的适当形式填空)
38．After staying up late for several nights, the youngster had (swell) eyes and could hardly focus on the screen. (所给词的适当形式填空)
39．Researchers record changes in experimental data to ensure accuracy, and even a of such details can influence final conclusions. (minor) （所给词的适当形式填空）
40．She was (nerve) at first but soon calmed herself down. (所给词的适当形式填空)
41．We can’t set off in such (fog) weather because so much fog will likely result in accidents. (用适当的词填空)
42．Owing to the foggy weather, the (operate) left his hometown alone. (所给词的适当形式填空)
43．Teachers often encourage us to practice the writing (technical) of “show, don’t tell” to make our stories more attractive. (所给词的适当形式填空)
44．What would make you consider buying an (electricity) car? (所给词的适当形式填空)
45．After (loose) the nuts (螺帽), I took off the wheel without difficulties(所给词的适当形式填空)
46．In (desperate), he asked for help. (所给词的适当形式填空)
47．The dog (panic) at the thunder. (所给词的适当形式填空)
48．The meeting was (interrupt) by a call. (所给词的适当形式填空)
49．He spoke without (interrupt). (所给词的适当形式填空)
50．A choking person cannot speak. Slapping the choking person’s back will often force out the (obstruct). (所给词的适当形式填空)
四、选词填空：（每题1分，共计15分）
a sense of; electric shock; get burnt; divide...into; be caused by; stick to; apply...to; if necessary; suffer from; too much
51．The oil is burning. Don’t come near or you might .
52．You should follow a healthy diet that you like and can .
53．It seemed that people in the world good and bad people.
54．They were ready to die, , for their country.
55．People began to radiation sickness, and more than 300 died.
56．With the development of science and technology, robots can also gain touch.
57．That accident which happened yesterday the carelessness of a nurse.
58．Maybe they feel pressure to do well in their tests.
59．In the US 100,000 people are given treatment annually.
60．We are trying to book knowledge practical work.
drown sprain bleeding panic interrupt
61．When the fire alarm went off, the crowd and rushed to the exits.
62．He was taken to hospital with severe after the car accident.
63．You should call the emergency services immediately if someone is in the water.
64．The basketball player had to leave the match because he his ankle.
65．Sorry to , but I have an urgent call for you.
五、完成句子：（每题2分，共计20分）
66．过了一会儿她回头看他，双眼哭得又红又肿。
After a while she turned round to look at him, _____________.（独立主格结构）
67．To stop fire or ________ ________ (触电；电击), please do not use a damaged power line. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
68．打篮球时，我们应该准备一些必要的消肿止痛的药。(reduce; ease)
We should prepare some necessary medicine of ________________ when playing basketball.
69．随着新型冠状病毒的爆发，迫切需要生产大量口罩。(urgent)
With an outbreak of the novel coronavirus, ________________ large numbers of masks.
70．如果有必要，在你的腰部后面放一个小垫子或织物。
________________, place a small cushion or fabrics behind the curve of your lower back.
71．你可以想象，如果你的皮肤被烧伤，情况会很严重。(as引导非限制性定语从句；burn)
________________, if your skin ________________, it can be very serious.
72．Be careful not to ________________ (成为……的受害者) online banking fraud. (victim短语) (根据汉语提示完成句子)
73．看到自己设计的海报被选中, 自豪感如潮水般在他的胸中涌动。
Seeing his poster design chosen, _____________.
74．Your skin warns you when things are too hot or cold, and gives you your _______ _______ _______ (触感). (根据汉语提示完成句子)
75．我们不能再拖延做决定了；截止日期就是明天。
We cannot ________ ________ a decision any longer; the deadline is tomorrow.
综合攻坚·知能拔高
一、阅读理解：（每题2.5分，共计20分）
A
While driving home after work, Jane Hodgson noticed a car pulled over at the side of the road and a crowd beginning to gather around someone who was lying on the ground.
Jane, who had completed a firstaid course at work, pulled over to see if she could offer any help — and it turned out to be lucky for the young injured girl that she did.
Describing the scene she came across, Jane says, “The onlookers were ashenfaced (面如土色的) and looked lost.They were so shocked that they hadn’t even thought to call for an ambulance yet.”
After speaking to the emergency services, Jane started finding out what had happened and what injuries the young girl called Jenny had.The girl had been hit by a car, landing on her head and shoulder.Her shoulder and arm were twisted (扭曲) underneath her.
“She hadn’t been wearing a helmet when she got knocked down, and I thought that she should not be moved as I couldn’t be sure about a spinal injury (脊椎损伤), but after looking her over and checking the circulation in her injured arm I did feel fairly confident that she had escaped relatively unhurt,” says Jane.
“As we were waiting for an ambulance, the amount of pain the girl was in was increasing. To distract (分散注意力) her and minimize the risk of her going into shock I kept her talking. She held my hand tightly when the pain got too much and this helped. I told her I could handle it — we laughed about that,” describes Jane.
Later, a doctor from the local hospital’s ICU stopped at the scene too.The ICU doctor decided that Jenny should lie on her back, making her much more comfortable until the emergency services arrived.
Thinking back, Jane says, “For me, knowing that in a small way I helped that girl through a frightening experience is all the reward I need. I feel great to know I have made a difference and I will do it again.”
1．What can we learn from the text about Jane Hodgson?
A．She has learned some first aid. B．She is a firstaid trainer.
C．She works in a local hospital. D．She is an ICU doctor.
2．When waiting for an ambulance, ________ .
A．Jenny refused to talk B．Jenny went into shock
C．Jane kept giving Jenny confidence D．Jane was a little impatient
3．Which of the following can best describe Jane Hodgson?
A．Strict but caring. B．Tough and generous.
C．Proud but determined. D．Warmhearted and helpful.
4．What’s the main idea of this passage?
A．It is an experience about performing first aid. B．It is about the importance of first aid.
C．It is a story between two strangers. D．It is about how to perform first aid.
B
In summer the extreme heat often makes people sweaty and restless. While people are annoyed by it, experts suggest summer is the best season to discharge (排放) your body's toxins (毒素) and recover your energy.
One popular option is hotstone massage (按摩). Therapists use smooth and heated stones, usually river rocks, to massage certain parts of the body, or place them on key points of the body. The warmth of the hot stones will improve blood circulation and also help relax muscles, while sweating is also believed to be good for discharging the body's toxins.
Another popular option is hotstone baths. The hotstone bath will help the body discharge toxins and humidity that accumulated during the last winter. Summer is the best season to build a good body. Rather than use water or steam to heat and wash the body, people simply wear a coat or something comfortable, and then lie on heated stone tablets made of hot stones, which are warmed to around 45℃. The body will gradually warm up and blood circulation will also be improved. More sweat will come out quickly. The sweat is smooth and fresh, not smelly like that released after sports activities. Such baths bring a number of health benefits, such as antiaging, improved blood circulation and stress relief. The slimming effect of dieting can even be promoted.
Using hot stones for healing dates back to ancient times, but the modern renewal of hotstone massage is generally credited to Mary Nelson, a native of Tucson, Arizona, America, whose trademark is “LaStone Therapy”.
The therapy is gaining wide popularity with many people, especially those who have jobs in cool airconditioned rooms. The hotstone therapy can help cure many diseases, including back pain.
5．Which of the following could be the best title for the text?
A．The origin and development of the hotstone therapy
B．The amazing functions of the hotstone therapy
C．A healthy and comfortable lifestyle
D．How to live comfortably in summer
6．What do people do to release toxins in our body according to the text?
A．Washing the body with cold water.
B．Discharging lots of sweat.
C．Relaxing muscles.
D．Lying on the warm beds.
7．What can we know from the text?
A．Sports have greater effects on the health than hotstone massage.
B．There are no toxins and humidity in the body in summer.
C．Using water of about 45℃ to wash the body is good for the health.
D．People should take advantage of summer to improve their health.
8．What can be learned about the hotstone therapy?
A．It was invented by Mary Nelson,an American.
B．It successfully cured many people of cancer.
C．It is popular with people with its excellent effects.
D．It can help people avoid sweating too much in hot summer.
二、完形填空：（每题1分，共计15分）
“This is the emergency room calling and your son was just brought in with severe burns. We have called for a ( n) 9 and are going to fly him to Seattle." Seattle was 350 miles from his college , so we knew immediately this was 10
The doctor described the 11 ,which caused the burns. At 6 a.m. , our son and his friends decided to barbecue hamburgers. When they 12 the charcoal (木炭), it burst into flames because of the sprayed petrol. The flames shot to my son's head.
13 , one boy was quick -minded, grasped my son, and 14 him on the grass. While he saved his life , there was not enough 15 to save him from fearful burns.
After he recovered, the doctors told him they would not do plastic surgery (整容) for 6 months 16 it takes that long for the skin to stop shrinking and wrinkling. So, he had to return to college with scars (伤疤) .
When I was a child, my mother told my sister who had a 10-inch very 17 scar on her arm,' "Nancy, if you ignore the scar, other people will ignore it. It does not mean they will not 18 it, but it means it will not matter to them if it doesn't matter to you.
I passed this wisdom on to my son. He took my advice to 19 and returned to school with his head held high- glad he was alive. Later, he thought the scars did not matter and made the 20 to give up any plastic surgery.
We all have “scars” that we believe 21 people to keep away from us. But you see, people will only judge you by your looks, or your clothes, if you are judging yourself by these same 22 standards. Put your imperfections out of your mind and concentrate on what you value 23 yourself, and your beauty will shine through.
9．A．airplane B．hospital C．doctor D．ambulance
10．A．optimist B．cautious C．severe D．complex
11．A．event B．accident C．reason D．process
12．A．got B．moved C．burned D．lit
13．A．Happily B．Surprisingly C．Fortunately D．Slowly
14．A．pushed B．rolled C．dropped D．threw
15．A．space B．time C．room D．place
16．A．if B．while C．because D．although
17．A．specific B．violent C．obvious D．cruel
18．A．mention B．notice C．reject D．blame
19．A．mind B．life C．spirit D．heart
20．A．attempt B．effort C．decision D．conclusion
21．A．invite B．cause C．allow D．remind
22．A．casual B．tough C．false D．general
23．A．by B．over C．beyond D．within
三、语法填空：（每题1.5分，共计15分）
If you get injured in a sport, what should you do? The best way 24 (deal) with sport injuries is to keep them from 25 (happen) in the first place. Knowing the rules of the game and using right 26 (equip) can help you avoid injuries. If you’ve got injured, pull 27 (you) out of the game or stop doing your activity. Let your coach or parents know what has happened in case you need to see a doctor. Serious head and neck injuries happen most often to the athletes 28 play sports like football. Keep the injured person still with his or her head 29 (hold) straight while someone calls for medical help. If the person 30 (lie) on the ground, do not try to move him or her.
Your first question after a sport injury will 31 (probable) be, “When can I play again?” This depends on the injury and 32 your doctor tells you. Even if you can’t return to your sport right away, the doctor might have advice on what you can do to stay healthy. Always talk with your doctor 33 trying any activity following an injury.
四、书面表达:（共计15分）
34．上周末你和朋友小敏去爬山，途中，她不慎摔倒，磕到一块锋利的石头，左腿被划出一道较深的伤口，你利用急救课上学到的知识，简单帮小敏处理了伤口。请你根据此次经历写一篇短文，给校英文网站“Safety”专栏投稿，内容包括：
1.发生事故的时间和地点；
2.实施急救的具体过程；
3.掌握急救知识的必要性。
注意：写作词数应为80左右。
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Unit 5 First Aid
单元重点单词短语句型语法精练
考点夯基攻坚
1． 重点单词：
technique n. 技能，技术，技艺
organ n. (人或动植物的)器官
minor adj. 较小的，次要的，轻微的
victim n. 受害者，患者
swell vi. 膨胀，肿胀
underneath prep.|adv. 在……底下，隐藏在下面|在……底下，隐藏在下面
nerve n. 神经
loose adj.； 的，未系紧的，宽松的
urgent adj. 紧急的，急迫的，急切的
ease vt.|vi.&vt.|n. 减轻，缓解|使容易，使顺利|容易，舒适，自在
swallow vt. & vi. 吞下，咽下
wrap vt. 包裹，(用手臂等)围住
bathe n.|vt. 洗澡，浴缸、浴盆，洗澡水|给……洗澡
slip vi.|n. 滑倒，滑落，溜走|滑倒，小错误，纸条
elderly adj. 年老的，渐老的(委婉)
ambulance n. 救护车
delay vi.& vt.|vt.|n. 推迟，延期(做某事)|耽误，耽搁|延误，耽搁(的时间)，推迟
drown vi.&vt. (使)淹死，溺死，浸泡，淹没
bleed vi. 流血，失血
panic vi.&vt.|n. (使)惊慌|惊恐，恐慌
interrupt vi.&vi.|vt. 打断，打扰|使暂停，使中断
scream vi.&vt.|n. (因愤怒或恐惧)高声喊，大声叫|尖叫，尖锐刺耳的声音
fellow adj.|n. 同类的，同事的，同伴的|男人，家伙，同事，同辈，同类
desperate adj. 绝望的，孤注一掷的，非常需要的
practical adj. 切实可行的，实际的，实践的
obstruction n. 阻碍，堵塞，阻塞物
tight adj.|adv. 牢固的，紧身的，绷紧的，严密的|紧紧地，牢固地
justify vi. 证明……有道理，为……辩护，……的正当理由
welfare n. 幸福，福祉，安康，福利
collapse vi. (突然)倒塌，(因病等)昏倒
foggy adj. 有雾的
suburb n. 郊区，城外
membership n. 会员身份，全体会员，会员人数
2． 重点短语：
sense of touch触觉
electric shock触电，电击
help sb to one's feet帮助某人站起身来
face up/down面朝上(朝下)
sleep in迟起，睡过头，睡懒觉
out of shape健康状况不好
3． 派生词：
technique n.→ technical adj. → technically adv.
organ n. → organic adj. 有机的；器官的 → organically adv.
minor adj. → minority n. 少数派；少数民族
swell v. → swollen adj. 肿起的；肿胀的
nerve n. → nervous adj. → nervously adv. → nervy adj. 厚脸皮的；易紧张的
electric adj. → electrical adj. 有关电的；电气科学的→ electricity n. 电流
loose adj. → loosely adv. 宽松地；松散地 → loosen v.（使）放松；解开
urgent adj. → urgently adv. → urgency n. 紧急；急迫
operator n. → operate v. → operation n.
ease n. → easy adj. → easily adv. → uneasy adj. 不安的；
slip v. → 过去式 slipped，过去分词 slipped
panic v&n.→过去式 panicked→过去分词 panicked；n. 恐慌 → adj. panicky恐慌
scream v./n. → 派生词 screaming adj. 尖叫的
bleed v. → n. blood（血液）→bloody adj. 血腥的→bleeding n./adj. 出血（的）
drown v. → drowning adj. 溺水的；drowned adj. 已溺亡的
tight adj. → adv. tightly→v. tighten（使收紧）
desperate adj.→ adv. desperately→n. desperation
choke v. → choking adj. 令人窒息的、呛人的→choked（adj. 堵塞的、哽咽的）
4． 重点句型：
1. Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary, unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin.意为：如有必要，用剪刀剪掉伤者身上的衣物，但如果看到布料粘在烧伤的皮肤上，就不要这么做。此句中，if necessary 为if it is necessary的缩略形式。
2. Applying oil to the injured areas is a bad idea, as it will keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection. 意为：在受伤部位涂抹油脂是错误的做法，因为这会将热量封在伤口内，还可能引发感染。此句中，apply sth to sth意为 “敷，涂，擦”。
3. If the victim is suffering from second or third-degree burns, there is an urgent need to take him/her to the hospital at once.意为：如果伤者属于二度或三度烧伤，就必须立刻将其送往医院。此句中，there is an urgent need to do sth 意为“迫切需要”。
4. Chen Wei, a high school student in Beijing, had his dinner interrupted when he heard someone screaming from another table.意为：北京的一名高中生陈威，正吃着晚饭，突然邻桌传来尖叫声，打断了他的用餐。此句中，had his dinner interrupted 和 heard someone screaming均使用了非谓语动词作宾补。
小题夯基·精准突破
一、单词拼写:（每题1分，共计20分）
1．In third-degree burns, the tissue u________ the skin can often be seen clearly, which is a very dangerous sign. (根据首字母单词拼写)
2．There is an u________ need to send the victim to hospital at once, especially when the burn is second or third-degree. (根据首字母单词拼写)
3．After cleaning the wound gently, the nurse covered it with a l________ clean cloth to protect it from infection. (根据首字母单词拼写)
4．If the n________ are damaged, the victim may feel little or no pain even though the burn is extremely deep. (根据首字母单词拼写)
5．The skin is the largest o________ of the human body, covering every part of us from head to toe. (根据首字母单词拼写)
6．The doctor said the injury was m________ and would heal within a couple of days if properly treated. (根据首字母单词拼写)
7．If the burnt area becomes red and s________, you should avoid breaking any blisters that may form on the surface. (根据首字母单词拼写)
8．We should offer care and support to every v________ of natural disasters and help them rebuild their homes. (根据首字母单词拼写)
9．Don’t p________! Please stay calm and follow the operator’s instructions. （根据首字母单词拼写）
10．He wore a t________ bandage around his knee to keep the wound from moving. （根据首字母单词拼写）
11．The mother was d________ to find her lost child in the crowded square. （根据首字母单词拼写）
12．Learning first aid is not only theoretical but also very p________; it can save lives in real emergencies. （根据首字母单词拼写）
13．The manager had to j________ his decision to fire the employee in front of the whole team. （根据首字母单词拼写）
14．The old bridge suddenly c________ under the weight of the heavy truck, blocking the road. （根据首字母单词拼写）
15．Please don’t i_________ the operator while she is giving you emergency instructions.（根据首字母单词拼写）
16．The lifeguard jumped into the river to save the boy, who was at risk of d_________.（根据首字母单词拼写）
17．Apply pressure to the wound with a clean cloth to stop the b________. (根据首字母单词拼写)
18．The old lady s______ on the icy street and broke her leg.
19．Bad weather forced the airline to d________ all flights, leaving hundreds of passengers waiting at the airport. (根据首字母单词拼写)
20．As soon as he came back to life from the accident, he called an a______________.
二、单项选择:（每题1分，共计15分）
21．Our teacher uses ______ teaching methods to suit different students’ learning styles.
A．flexible B．loose C．generous D．internal
22．The charity organization set up a support center to provide basic necessities for every ________ of the recent earthquake.
A．peer B．victim C．inspector D．architect
23．The local community centre relies entirely on volunteers who provide free legal and medical ________ to those who cannot afford professional services.
A．version B．technique C．arrangement D．assistance
24．The organization will offer ________ medical treatment to people in the remote area.
A．generous B．sensitive C．loose D．internal
25．The workers are trying to apply modern ________ to this traditional craft.
A．victims B．organs C．techniques D．layers
26．I am convinced that the print media are usually more ________ and more reliable than the Internet.
A．mutual B．gradual C．accurate D．urgent
27．A fellow diner at the restaurant, Zhang Tao, was choking ________ some steak. He was now holding his throat with his face turning red, while his ________ friends were slapping him on the back.
A．with; desperate B．on; desperate C．on; swollen D．with; swollen
28．Climate change is a big threat to our earth. It’s time to take ________ action from now on.
A．flexible B．abstract C．temporary D．urgent
29．His repeated excuses for being late ________ — I’ve told him how important punctuality is many times.
A．gets on my nerves B．touches a nerve C．strains every nerve D．keeps the nerve
30．The fireworks display was truly________.
A．awesome B．swollen C．delayed D．interrupted
31．Honesty is a ________ value in any relationship.
A．fundamental B．pleasant C．desperate D．swollen
32．The bookshop ________ took the book and checked the price on the back cover.
A．victim B．assistant C．novelist D．physician
33．Remember never to leave your dog ________. It might bite people around.
A．upset B．calm C．concerned D．loose
34．To my surprise, only using such ________as decorated whips, the opera transforms a small stage into the whole universe.
A．impression B．responsibility C．technique D．comment
35．The emergency nurse can treat injuries without reference to a doctor.
A．practical B．loose C．electronic D．minor
三、语法填空:（每题1分，共计15分）
36．The host put the guest ease. (用适当的词填空)
37．He finished it with (easy). (所给词的适当形式填空)
38．After staying up late for several nights, the youngster had (swell) eyes and could hardly focus on the screen. (所给词的适当形式填空)
39．Researchers record changes in experimental data to ensure accuracy, and even a of such details can influence final conclusions. (minor) （所给词的适当形式填空）
40．She was (nerve) at first but soon calmed herself down. (所给词的适当形式填空)
41．We can’t set off in such (fog) weather because so much fog will likely result in accidents. (用适当的词填空)
42．Owing to the foggy weather, the (operate) left his hometown alone. (所给词的适当形式填空)
43．Teachers often encourage us to practice the writing (technical) of “show, don’t tell” to make our stories more attractive. (所给词的适当形式填空)
44．What would make you consider buying an (electricity) car? (所给词的适当形式填空)
45．After (loose) the nuts (螺帽), I took off the wheel without difficulties(所给词的适当形式填空)
46．In (desperate), he asked for help. (所给词的适当形式填空)
47．The dog (panic) at the thunder. (所给词的适当形式填空)
48．The meeting was (interrupt) by a call. (所给词的适当形式填空)
49．He spoke without (interrupt). (所给词的适当形式填空)
50．A choking person cannot speak. Slapping the choking person’s back will often force out the (obstruct). (所给词的适当形式填空)
四、选词填空:（每题1分，共计15分）
a sense of; electric shock; get burnt; divide...into; be caused by; stick to; apply...to; if necessary; suffer from; too much
51．The oil is burning. Don’t come near or you might .
52．You should follow a healthy diet that you like and can .
53．It seemed that people in the world good and bad people.
54．They were ready to die, , for their country.
55．People began to radiation sickness, and more than 300 died.
56．With the development of science and technology, robots can also gain touch.
57．That accident which happened yesterday the carelessness of a nurse.
58．Maybe they feel pressure to do well in their tests.
59．In the US 100,000 people are given treatment annually.
60．We are trying to book knowledge practical work.
drown sprain bleeding panic interrupt
61．When the fire alarm went off, the crowd and rushed to the exits.
62．He was taken to hospital with severe after the car accident.
63．You should call the emergency services immediately if someone is in the water.
64．The basketball player had to leave the match because he his ankle.
65．Sorry to , but I have an urgent call for you.
五、完成句子:（每题2分，共计20分）
66．过了一会儿她回头看他，双眼哭得又红又肿。
After a while she turned round to look at him, _____________.（独立主格结构）
67．To stop fire or ________ ________ (触电；电击), please do not use a damaged power line. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
68．打篮球时，我们应该准备一些必要的消肿止痛的药。(reduce; ease)
We should prepare some necessary medicine of ________________ when playing basketball.
69．随着新型冠状病毒的爆发，迫切需要生产大量口罩。(urgent)
With an outbreak of the novel coronavirus, ________________ large numbers of masks.
70．如果有必要，在你的腰部后面放一个小垫子或织物。
________________, place a small cushion or fabrics behind the curve of your lower back.
71．你可以想象，如果你的皮肤被烧伤，情况会很严重。(as引导非限制性定语从句；burn)
________________, if your skin ________________, it can be very serious.
72．Be careful not to ________________ (成为……的受害者) online banking fraud. (victim短语) (根据汉语提示完成句子)
73．看到自己设计的海报被选中, 自豪感如潮水般在他的胸中涌动。
Seeing his poster design chosen, _____________.
74．Your skin warns you when things are too hot or cold, and gives you your _______ _______ _______ (触感). (根据汉语提示完成句子)
75．我们不能再拖延做决定了；截止日期就是明天。
We cannot ________ ________ a decision any longer; the deadline is tomorrow.
试卷第1页（共3页）
试卷第1页（共3页）
学科网（北京）股份有限公司
参考答案
题号
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
答案
A
B
D
A
C
C
B
D
A
A
题号
31
32
33
34
35
答案
A
B
D
C
D
1．underneath/nderneath
【详解】句意：三度烧伤时，皮肤下方的组织常常清晰可见，这是非常危险的信号。设空处后接名词the skin，结合首字母u提示可知，应填入介词underneath，意为“在……下面”，构成介词短语作后置定语修饰前面的名词the tissue。
2．urgent/rgent
【详解】句意：急需立刻将伤者送往医院，尤其是二度或三度烧伤时。空格后是名词need，需要填入形容词作定语，结合句意以及首字母u提示，urgent完全契合语境，urgent need是常用搭配，意为“迫切需要、急需”。
3．loose/oose
【详解】句意：轻轻清洗伤口后，护士用一块宽松的干净布盖住伤口，防止感染。空格后是名词短语clean cloth，需要填入以l开头的形容词修饰该名词短语，结合护士处理伤口的常识可知，loose表示“宽松的、未系紧的”，完全贴合语境。
4．nerves/erves
【详解】句意：如果神经受损，即使烧伤很深，伤者也可能几乎感觉不到疼痛。根据语境结合首字母n的提示，可知空格处指代负责传递痛觉的人体神经；后文be动词为are，说明要使用可数名词nerve的复数形式nerves。
5．organ/rgan
【详解】句意：皮肤是人体最大的器官，从头到脚覆盖我们全身。根据句意结合首字母o，可知此处表示“器官”，用名词organ，指主语The skin，organ用单数形式即可。
6．mild/ild
【详解】句意：医生说伤势轻微，如果妥善处理，几天之内就能痊愈。根据后文“妥善处理后几天内就会愈合”的提示，能判断此处是描述伤势不严重，结合首字母m，mild表示“轻微的、不严重的”，用来修饰injury。
7．swollen/wollen
【详解】句意：如果烧伤部位发红、肿胀，不要弄破创面可能起的水泡。空处和形容词red并列，结合语境及首字母s可知，空处应填形容词swollen，意为“肿胀的”，作表语。
8．victim/ictim
【详解】句意：我们应当为每一位自然灾害受害者提供关怀与支持，帮助他们重建家园。 根据every可知，空处需填可数名词单数作宾语，victim表示“受害者”,符合语境。
9．panic/anic
【详解】句意：别慌！请保持冷静，并按照操作人员的指示行事。根据首字母和句意可知，此处表示“（使）恐慌”用动词panic，设空处应该使用动词原形与前文don’t构成祈使句的否定结构。
10．tight/ight
【详解】句意：他的膝盖上缠着一条紧绷的绷带，以防止伤口移位。根据首字母和keep the wound from moving可知，绷带很紧，tight意为“紧的；牢固的”，作定语。
11．desperate/esperate
【详解】句意：这位母亲极度渴望在拥挤的广场上找到她走失的孩子。根据to find her lost child可知，母亲迫切想要找到走失的孩子，结合首字母可知，用形容词desperate，意为“非常需要的；绝望的”，作表语。be desperate to do sth.意为“迫切想做某事”。
12．practical/ractical
【详解】句意：学习急救不仅是理论性的，而且非常实用；它能在真实的紧急情况下挽救生命。此处与theoretical并列，结合首字母可知，用practical，意为“实际的，实用的，切实可行的”，作表语。
13．justify/ustify
【详解】句意：经理不得不在全体团队成员面前为他解雇这名员工的决定作出合理性解释。根据首字母和his decision可知，应用动词justify，意为“证明……有道理；为……辩护”。had to后接动词原形。
14．collapsed/ollapsed
【详解】句意：这座旧桥在重型卡车的重压下突然坍塌，阻断了道路。根据首字母和blocking the road可知，桥坍塌了，collapse意为“倒塌”。描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。
15．interrupt/nterrupt
【详解】句意：接线员正在给你紧急指示时，请不要打断她。助动词don’t后应接动词原形，构成否定祈使句，由首字母i和语境可知表示“打断”，应用动词interrupt。
16．drowning/rowning
【详解】句意：救生员跳进河里去救那个有溺水危险的男孩。空处位于介词of后，应用名词drowning作宾语，表示“溺水”。
17．bleeding/leeding
【详解】句意：用干净的布压住伤口以止血。空处作stop的宾语，且空前有定冠词，结合“the wound”和首字母提示可推知，名词bleeding“流血，出血”符合题意，是不可数名词。
18．slipped/lipped
【详解】句意：老太太在结冰的街道上滑倒了，摔断了腿。句子用一般过去时态，结合所给首字母和句意，可知答案为slipped。
19．delay/elay
【详解】句意：恶劣天气迫使航空公司延误所有航班，数百名乘客只能滞留在机场等候。根据句意“延误”和首字母可知，此处为动词delay，位于动词不定式符号to后面，使用动词原形。
20．ambulance/mbulance
【详解】句意：事故后他一苏醒过来，就叫了一辆救护车。根据语境，人在事故苏醒后通常会叫救护车，结合首字母a，ambulance“救护车”符合，在句中作called的宾语。
21．A
【详解】句意：我们的老师使用灵活的教学方法来适应不同学生的学习风格。A. flexible灵活的；B. loose松的；C. generous慷慨的；D. internal内部的。空处修饰“teaching methods”，且根据后文“to suit different students’ learning styles”可知，教学方法应该是灵活多变的。所以A项符合语境。
22．B
【详解】句意：慈善组织建立了一个支持中心，为最近地震的每一位受害者提供基本生活必需品。A. peer同龄人；B. victim受害者；C. inspector检查员；D. architect建筑师。根据provide basic necessities和the recent earthquake可知，慈善组织为地震的受害者提供必需品。
23．D
【详解】句意：当地社区中心完全依靠志愿者，他们为那些负担不起专业服务的人提供免费的法律和医疗援助。A. version版本；B. technique技巧；C. arrangement安排；D. assistance援助。此处表示志愿者为弱势群体提供免费的法律和医疗“援助”，assistance符合语境。
24．A
【详解】句意：该组织将为偏远地区的人们提供慷慨的医疗救治。A. generous慷慨的；B. sensitive敏感的；C. loose松的；D. internal内部的。结合句意，该组织为偏远地区提供医疗救治，应是“慷慨的”或“大量的”，generous符合题意。
25．C
【详解】句意：工人们正试着把现代技术运用到这项传统工艺中。A. victims受害者；B. organs器官；C. techniques技术；D. layers层次。apply sth. to sth.意为“将某物应用于某物”，根据题意，工人们试图将现代“技术”应用于传统工艺。
26．C
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我确信纸质媒体通常比互联网更准确、更可靠。A. mutual相互的；B. gradual逐渐的；C. accurate准确的；D. urgent紧急的。根据“and more reliable than the Internet”可知，纸质媒体与互联网相比较，更加准确且可靠。故选C。
27．B
【详解】考查介词搭配和形容词词义辨析。句意：餐厅里一位正在用餐的食客张涛，被一块牛排呛到了。他此刻正掐着喉咙，脸憋得通红，而他焦急万分的朋友们正拍打着他的后背。choke on是固定短语，意为“因……而窒息”，这里表示被牛排噎住，choke with表示“因……堵塞”，常接情感类名词，所以此处用on，排除A、D选项。desperate意为“绝望的；急切的”，swollen意为“肿胀的”。根据语境，朋友噎住了，其他朋友应该是急切的，用desperate来形容朋友们当时的状态，“swollen”不符合语境。故选B项。
28．D
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：气候变化是我们地球的一大威胁。从现在开始是采取紧急行动的时候了。A. flexible灵活的；B. abstract抽象的；C. temporary短暂的；D. urgent紧急的。由Climate change is a big threat to our earth.可知，需要采取紧急行动来解决气候变化的威胁。故选D。
29．A
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他一再为迟到找借口，这让我很恼火——我已经多次告诉他守时有多重要了。 A. gets on my nerves让我很恼火，使我心烦意乱； B. touches a nerve触及痛处，触动感情； C. strains every nerve竭尽全力，使出浑身解数； D. keeps the nerve保持镇定，保持冷静。 根据“I’ve told him how important punctuality is many times.”可知，说话人已经多次强调守时的重要性，因此对方一再为迟到找借口会让说话人感到恼火，A选项符合语境。故选A。
30．A
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：烟花表演真的很精彩。A. awesome令人惊叹的，精彩的；B. swollen肿胀的；C. delayed延迟的；D. interrupted中断的。根据上文“The fireworks display”可知，烟花表演是精彩的，A选项符合句意。故选A。
31．A
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在任何关系中，诚实都是十分重要的一部分。A. fundamental基本的，重要的；B. pleasant令人愉快的；C. desperate绝望的；D. swollen肿胀的。根据“Honesty”及“value in any relationship”及常识可知，诚实对于任何关系都是非常重要的，所以空处需用形容词fundamental。故选A。
32．B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：书店店员拿起书，查看了封底的价格。A. victim受害者；B. assistant店员，助手；C. novelist小说家；D. physician内科医生。在书店里拿起书查看价格的应该是书店的工作人员，也就是“店员”，用名词assistant。故选B项。
33．D
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：记住永远不要让你的狗松开的。它可能会咬人。A. upset心烦的；B. calm平静的；C. concerned关心的；D. loose松开的，自由的。根据句意可知，此处为形容词loose“松开的，自由的”，作宾语补足语，满足句意要求。故选D项。
34．C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，仅用装饰鞭子这样的技巧，歌剧就把一个舞台变成了整个宇宙。A. impression印象；B. responsibility责任；C. technique技巧；D. comment评论。根据空后“decorated whips”可知，装饰的鞭子为歌剧中使用的技巧，故此处应用名词technique作宾语，故选C。
35．D
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：急诊护士可以治疗轻伤而不需要咨询医生。A. practical实际的；B. loose松动的；C. electronic电子的；D. minor轻微的。根据“injuries without reference to a doctor”可知，不需要咨询医生就能治疗的伤应该是轻伤，minor“轻微的”符合题意，minor injury意为“轻微伤，轻伤”。故选D。
36．at
【详解】句意：主人使客人感到轻松自在。put sb. at ease是固定短语，意为“使某人感到轻松、自在”或“消除某人的紧张情绪”，其中at ease表示“舒适，自在”。
37．ease
【详解】句意：他轻松地完成了它。介词with后需接名词作宾语；easy的名词形式为ease，固定短语with ease，意为“轻松地、毫不费力地”。
38．swollen
【详解】句意：连续几个晚上熬夜后，这个年轻人的眼睛肿了，几乎无法聚焦在屏幕上。空处修饰名词eyes，应用形容词形式作定语。动词swell的形容词形式是swollen，表示“肿胀的”。
39． minor minority
【详解】考查形容词和名词。句意：研究人员会记录实验数据中的细微变化以确保准确性，即便这类细节中只占少数的部分，也可能影响最终结论。第一空修饰名词changes用形容词minor，作定语；第二空表示“少数部分”短语为a minority of。故填①minor；②minority。
40．nervous
【详解】考查形容词。句意：起初她很紧张，但很快就平静下来了。此处为形容词作表语，补充说明主语she的状态，nerve的形容词形式是nervous，意为“紧张的”，符合“起初紧张，之后平静”的语境。故填nervous。
41．foggy
【详解】句意：我们不能在这样的大雾天气出发，因为这么大的雾很可能导致事故。空处修饰名词weather，需用形容词；fog作名词意为“雾”，其形容词形式是foggy，意为“有雾的、雾气弥漫的”。
42．operator
【详解】句意：由于大雾天气，这名操作员独自离开了家乡。定冠词the后需要填入名词作句子主语，动词operate对应的表示人的名词为operator，意为“操作员、操作人员”，契合语境。
43．technique
【详解】考查名词。句意：老师们经常鼓励我们练习“展示而非告知”的写作技巧，让我们的故事更有吸引力。空处需填名词作practice的宾语，technical的名词形式technique（技巧）符合题意，此处特指“展示而非告知”这一写作技巧，用单数形式。故填technique。
44．electric
【详解】考查形容词。句意：什么会让你考虑买一辆电动汽车？修饰名词car应用electricity的形容词形式electric作定语，意为“电动的”，electric car是固定搭配，表示“电动汽车”，符合语境。故填electric。
45．loosening
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：拧下螺母后，我毫不费力地卸下了轮子。此处应为非谓语动词作状语，loose的动词形式为loosen“使松开，放松”，与其逻辑主语I之间为主动关系，且位于介词after之后，所以使用动名词形式，作宾语。故填loosening。
46．desperation
【详解】句意：绝望中，他请求帮助。空处作介词In的宾语，用名词desperation“绝望”，是不可数名词，短语in desperation意为“绝望中，走投无路之下”。
47．panicked
【详解】句意：狗被雷声吓坏了。panic at为固定搭配，表示“因……惊慌”；本句描述过去发生的事情，时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式panicked。
48．interrupted
【详解】句意：会议被电话打断了。主语与谓语构成被动关系，结合was可知为一般过去时的被动语态。
49．interruption
【详解】句意：他不间断地发言。介词without后需要接名词作宾语，interrupt是动词，对应的名词形式为interruption，表示 “打扰，中断”。
50．obstruction
【详解】句意：窒息的人无法说话。拍打窒息者的背部通常能把阻塞物排出来。空处位于定冠词the之后，作动词短语force out“用力排出”的宾语，需用名词；obstruct是动词，意为“阻塞、堵塞”，其名词形式是obstruction，意为“阻塞物；阻塞（物）”。
51．get burnt 52．stick to 53．were divided into 54．if necessary 55．suffer from 56．a sense of 57．was caused by 58．too much 59．electric shock 60． apply to
【详解】51．考查动词短语。句意：油正在燃烧。别靠近，否则你可能会被烧伤。结合句意可知，此处表示“被烧伤”，应用短语get burnt，空前有情态动词might，所以此处应用动词原形。故填get burnt。
52．考查动词短语。句意：你应该遵循一份自己喜欢且能够坚持的健康饮食。结合句意可知，此处表示“坚持”，应用短语stick to，空前有情态动词can，所以此处应用动词原形。故填stick to。
53．考查动词短语。句意：似乎世界上的人被分为好人和坏人。结合句意可知，此处表示“被分成”，应用短语be divided into，根据主句谓语动词seemed可知，此处应用一般过去时，主语people为复数，be动词用were。故填were divided into。
54．考查条件状语从句的省略。句意：必要时，他们愿意为国家牺牲生命。结合句意可知，此处表示“如果必要的话”，应用短语if necessary，在句中作条件状语。故填if necessary。
55．考查动词短语。句意：人们开始患上辐射病，超过三百人死亡。结合句意可知，此处表示“患上（疾病）”，应用短语suffer from，跟在begin to后，应用动词原形构成不定式。故填suffer from。
56．考查名词短语。句意：随着科技的发展，机器人也能获得触觉。结合句意可知，此处表示“一种……的感觉”，应用短语a sense of，修饰名词touch，构成短语a sense of touch，表示“触觉”。故填a sense of。
57．考查动词短语。句意：昨天发生的那起事故是由一名护士的粗心造成的。结合句意可知，此处表示“由……造成”，应用短语be caused by，根据时间状语yesterday可知，此处应用一般过去时，主语that accident为单数，be动词用was。故填was caused by。
58．考查形容词短语。句意：也许他们为了在考试中取得好成绩，感到压力太大了。结合句意可知，此处表示“太多的”，修饰不可数名词pressure，应用短语too much。故填too much。
59．考查名词短语。句意：在美国，每年有十万人接受电击治疗。结合句意可知，此处表示“电击”，应用短语electric shock，修饰名词treatment作定语，构成electric shock treatment，表示“电击治疗”。故填electric shock。
60．考查动词短语。句意：我们正努力把书本知识应用到实际工作中。结合句意可知，此处表示“把……应用到……”，应用短语apply...to...，跟在try to后，应用动词原形构成不定式。故填①apply；②to。
61．panicked 62．bleeding 63．drowning 64．sprained 65．interrupt
【详解】61．考查动词时态。句意：当火警响起时，人群惊慌失措，冲向出口。根据“When the fire alarm went off”可知，此处描述火警响起时的场景；panic意为“惊慌”，符合语境，设空处应使用过去式与后文的rushed构成并列，其过去式为panicked。
62．考查名词。句意：车祸后，他因严重出血被送往医院。根据“after the car accident”及“taken to hospital”可知，此处指车祸导致的身体伤害，severe后接名词，bleeding意为“出血”，作不可数名词使用，符合语境。
63．考查非谓语动词。句意：如果有人在水中溺水，你应该立即拨打紧急服务电话。根据“in the water”及“call the emergency services”可知，此处描述正在发生的危险情况，drown意为“溺水”，is drowning表示现在进行时，强调动作正在进行。
64．考查动词时态。句意：这名篮球运动员因扭伤脚踝不得不退出比赛。根据“had to leave the match”可知，篮球运动员因扭伤脚踝不得不退出比赛，同时句子表述动作发生在过去，需用一般过去时。sprain意为“扭伤”，其过去式为sprained。
65．考查非谓语动词。句意：抱歉打扰一下，但您有一个紧急电话。根据“Sorry to”可知，此处为固定表达“Sorry to interrupt”，表示“抱歉打扰”，to后接动词原形。interrupt意为“打扰”，符合语境。
66．her eyes red and swollen from crying
【详解】考查独立主格结构。表示“她的双眼”用her eyes；表示“因为哭泣又红又肿”用red and swollen from crying，此处用“名词+形容词短语”构成的独立主格结构her eyes red and swollen from crying作状语。故填her eyes red and swollen from crying。
67． electric shock
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：为了防止火灾或触电，请不要使用破损的电源线。根据句意和中文提示，表示“触电；电击”应用electric shock，为不可数名词短语，与fire并列作stop的宾语。故填electric shock。
68．reducing the swelling and easing the pain
【详解】考查非谓语。表示“消肿止痛”用reduce the swelling and ease the pain，本空作介词of的宾语，用reduce和ease的动名词形式，故填reducing the swelling and easing the pain。
69．there is an urgent need to produce
【详解】考查固定句型和形容词。根据句意可知， urgent为形容词，意为“迫切的”，修饰名词need，构成“there is an urgent need to do sth.”表示“迫切需要做某事”；produce为动词，意为“生产”，动词原形和to构成不定式。根据语境，此处描述的是客观情况，用一般现在时。故填there is an urgent need to produce。
70．If necessary
【详解】考查省略结构或固定表达。根据中英文句子可知，空处缺少“如果有必要”的英文表达。在时间、条件、方式、让步等状语从句中，如果从句的主语与主句的主语一致或从句的主语为it，且从句的谓语为be动词时，则可将从句的主语或it连同系动词be一起省略。因此，表示“如果有必要”用if necessary，也可看作固定表达，其完整形式为if it is necessary，在句中作条件状语，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填If necessary。
71． As you can imagine gets burnt
【详解】考查as引导的非限制性定语从句和时态。as引导非限制性定语从句时，可指代整个主句内容，置于句首，意为“正如……”，“正如你可以想象的”译为As you can imagine；从句中“皮肤被烧伤”，主语your skin与burn之间为被动关系，可以用get burnt表示，且if条件状语从句，应遵循主将从现，即gets burnt。故填①As you can imagine；②gets burnt。
72．fall victim to
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：小心不要成为网上银行欺诈的受害者。根据汉语提示“成为……的受害者”可知短语为fall victim to，且上文为短语be careful not to do sth.，应填动词原形。故填fall victim to。
73．pride swelled in his chest like a rising tide
【详解】考查名词，动词和主谓结构。中英文句子对比可知，空处需要补全“自豪感如潮水般在他的胸中涌动”。“自豪感”可用名词pride，在句中作主语；“涌动”常用动词swell表达，在句中作谓语。此处描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时；“在他的胸中”是in his chest；“如潮水般”可译为like a rising tide，作方式状语 。故填pride swelled in his chest like a rising tide。
74． sense of touch
【详解】考查名词短语。句意：当天气太热或太冷时，你的皮肤会发出警告，并赋予你触觉。“触觉”作宾语，用名词短语sense of touch表示。故填sense of touch。
75． delay making
【详解】考查动词短语。delay doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“拖延做某事”，make a decision表示“做决定”，所以这里用delay making，在句中作谓语，can是情态动词，后接动词原形。故填delay making。
综合攻坚·知能拔高
一、阅读理解:（每题2.5分，共计20分）
A
While driving home after work, Jane Hodgson noticed a car pulled over at the side of the road and a crowd beginning to gather around someone who was lying on the ground.
Jane, who had completed a firstaid course at work, pulled over to see if she could offer any help — and it turned out to be lucky for the young injured girl that she did.
Describing the scene she came across, Jane says, “The onlookers were ashenfaced (面如土色的) and looked lost.They were so shocked that they hadn’t even thought to call for an ambulance yet.”
After speaking to the emergency services, Jane started finding out what had happened and what injuries the young girl called Jenny had.The girl had been hit by a car, landing on her head and shoulder.Her shoulder and arm were twisted (扭曲) underneath her.
“She hadn’t been wearing a helmet when she got knocked down, and I thought that she should not be moved as I couldn’t be sure about a spinal injury (脊椎损伤), but after looking her over and checking the circulation in her injured arm I did feel fairly confident that she had escaped relatively unhurt,” says Jane.
“As we were waiting for an ambulance, the amount of pain the girl was in was increasing. To distract (分散注意力) her and minimize the risk of her going into shock I kept her talking. She held my hand tightly when the pain got too much and this helped. I told her I could handle it — we laughed about that,” describes Jane.
Later, a doctor from the local hospital’s ICU stopped at the scene too.The ICU doctor decided that Jenny should lie on her back, making her much more comfortable until the emergency services arrived.
Thinking back, Jane says, “For me, knowing that in a small way I helped that girl through a frightening experience is all the reward I need. I feel great to know I have made a difference and I will do it again.”
1．What can we learn from the text about Jane Hodgson?
A．She has learned some first aid. B．She is a firstaid trainer.
C．She works in a local hospital. D．She is an ICU doctor.
2．When waiting for an ambulance, ________ .
A．Jenny refused to talk B．Jenny went into shock
C．Jane kept giving Jenny confidence D．Jane was a little impatient
3．Which of the following can best describe Jane Hodgson?
A．Strict but caring. B．Tough and generous.
C．Proud but determined. D．Warmhearted and helpful.
4．What’s the main idea of this passage?
A．It is an experience about performing first aid. B．It is about the importance of first aid.
C．It is a story between two strangers. D．It is about how to perform first aid.
B
In summer the extreme heat often makes people sweaty and restless. While people are annoyed by it, experts suggest summer is the best season to discharge (排放) your body's toxins (毒素) and recover your energy.
One popular option is hotstone massage (按摩). Therapists use smooth and heated stones, usually river rocks, to massage certain parts of the body, or place them on key points of the body. The warmth of the hot stones will improve blood circulation and also help relax muscles, while sweating is also believed to be good for discharging the body's toxins.
Another popular option is hotstone baths. The hotstone bath will help the body discharge toxins and humidity that accumulated during the last winter. Summer is the best season to build a good body. Rather than use water or steam to heat and wash the body, people simply wear a coat or something comfortable, and then lie on heated stone tablets made of hot stones, which are warmed to around 45℃. The body will gradually warm up and blood circulation will also be improved. More sweat will come out quickly. The sweat is smooth and fresh, not smelly like that released after sports activities. Such baths bring a number of health benefits, such as antiaging, improved blood circulation and stress relief. The slimming effect of dieting can even be promoted.
Using hot stones for healing dates back to ancient times, but the modern renewal of hotstone massage is generally credited to Mary Nelson, a native of Tucson, Arizona, America, whose trademark is “LaStone Therapy”.
The therapy is gaining wide popularity with many people, especially those who have jobs in cool airconditioned rooms. The hotstone therapy can help cure many diseases, including back pain.
5．Which of the following could be the best title for the text?
A．The origin and development of the hotstone therapy
B．The amazing functions of the hotstone therapy
C．A healthy and comfortable lifestyle
D．How to live comfortably in summer
6．What do people do to release toxins in our body according to the text?
A．Washing the body with cold water.
B．Discharging lots of sweat.
C．Relaxing muscles.
D．Lying on the warm beds.
7．What can we know from the text?
A．Sports have greater effects on the health than hotstone massage.
B．There are no toxins and humidity in the body in summer.
C．Using water of about 45℃ to wash the body is good for the health.
D．People should take advantage of summer to improve their health.
8．What can be learned about the hotstone therapy?
A．It was invented by Mary Nelson,an American.
B．It successfully cured many people of cancer.
C．It is popular with people with its excellent effects.
D．It can help people avoid sweating too much in hot summer.
二、完形填空:（每题1分，共计15分）
“This is the emergency room calling and your son was just brought in with severe burns. We have called for a ( n) 9 and are going to fly him to Seattle." Seattle was 350 miles from his college , so we knew immediately this was 10
The doctor described the 11 ,which caused the burns. At 6 a.m. , our son and his friends decided to barbecue hamburgers. When they 12 the charcoal (木炭), it burst into flames because of the sprayed petrol. The flames shot to my son's head.
13 , one boy was quick -minded, grasped my son, and 14 him on the grass. While he saved his life , there was not enough 15 to save him from fearful burns.
After he recovered, the doctors told him they would not do plastic surgery (整容) for 6 months 16 it takes that long for the skin to stop shrinking and wrinkling. So, he had to return to college with scars (伤疤) .
When I was a child, my mother told my sister who had a 10-inch very 17 scar on her arm,' "Nancy, if you ignore the scar, other people will ignore it. It does not mean they will not 18 it, but it means it will not matter to them if it doesn't matter to you.
I passed this wisdom on to my son. He took my advice to 19 and returned to school with his head held high- glad he was alive. Later, he thought the scars did not matter and made the 20 to give up any plastic surgery.
We all have “scars” that we believe 21 people to keep away from us. But you see, people will only judge you by your looks, or your clothes, if you are judging yourself by these same 22 standards. Put your imperfections out of your mind and concentrate on what you value 23 yourself, and your beauty will shine through.
9．A．airplane B．hospital C．doctor D．ambulance
10．A．optimist B．cautious C．severe D．complex
11．A．event B．accident C．reason D．process
12．A．got B．moved C．burned D．lit
13．A．Happily B．Surprisingly C．Fortunately D．Slowly
14．A．pushed B．rolled C．dropped D．threw
15．A．space B．time C．room D．place
16．A．if B．while C．because D．although
17．A．specific B．violent C．obvious D．cruel
18．A．mention B．notice C．reject D．blame
19．A．mind B．life C．spirit D．heart
20．A．attempt B．effort C．decision D．conclusion
21．A．invite B．cause C．allow D．remind
22．A．casual B．tough C．false D．general
23．A．by B．over C．beyond D．within
三、语法填空:（每题1.5分，共计15分）
If you get injured in a sport, what should you do? The best way 24 (deal) with sport injuries is to keep them from 25 (happen) in the first place. Knowing the rules of the game and using right 26 (equip) can help you avoid injuries. If you’ve got injured, pull 27 (you) out of the game or stop doing your activity. Let your coach or parents know what has happened in case you need to see a doctor. Serious head and neck injuries happen most often to the athletes 28 play sports like football. Keep the injured person still with his or her head 29 (hold) straight while someone calls for medical help. If the person 30 (lie) on the ground, do not try to move him or her.
Your first question after a sport injury will 31 (probable) be, “When can I play again?” This depends on the injury and 32 your doctor tells you. Even if you can’t return to your sport right away, the doctor might have advice on what you can do to stay healthy. Always talk with your doctor 33 trying any activity following an injury.
四、书面表达:（共计15分）
34．上周末你和朋友小敏去爬山，途中，她不慎摔倒，磕到一块锋利的石头，左腿被划出一道较深的伤口，你利用急救课上学到的知识，简单帮小敏处理了伤口。请你根据此次经历写一篇短文，给校英文网站“Safety”专栏投稿，内容包括：
1.发生事故的时间和地点；
2.实施急救的具体过程；
3.掌握急救知识的必要性。
注意：写作词数应为80左右。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
题号
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
答案
A
C
D
A
B
B
D
C
A
C
题号
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
答案
B
D
C
B
B
C
C
B
D
C
题号
21
22
23
答案
B
C
D
1．A 2．C 3．D 4．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jane Hodgson下班驾车时遇女孩Jenny被车撞倒地，有急救经验的她施救、联系急救人员，安抚女孩，助其度过危机，她觉得能帮上忙便是回报。
【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Jane, who had completed a firstaid course at work, pulled over to see if she could offer any help — and it turned out to be lucky for the young injured girl that she did.(Jane在工作中参加过急救培训，于是她停车查看是否能提供一些帮助——结果对那个受伤的年轻女孩来说，她的出现真是幸运之至)”可知，Jane Hodgson学了一些急救知识。故选A。
2．推理判断题。根据第六段““As we were waiting for an ambulance, the amount of pain the girl was in was increasing. To distract (分散注意力) her and minimize the risk of her going into shock I kept her talking. She held my hand tightly when the pain got too much and this helped. I told her I could handle it — we laughed about that,” describes Jane.(“当我们等待救护车的时候，女孩所承受的痛苦愈发严重。为了分散她的注意力并降低她陷入休克的风险，我让她一直说话。当疼痛过于剧烈时，她紧紧握住我的手，这起到了一定的作用。我告诉她我能应付得来——我们还为此开怀大笑。”Jane这样描述道)”可推知，在等救护车期间，Jane一直让那个受伤的女孩说话，并给她信心。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据第二段“Jane, who had completed a firstaid course at work, pulled over to see if she could offer any help — and it turned out to be lucky for the young injured girl that she did.(Jane在工作中参加过急救培训，于是她停车查看是否能提供一些帮助——结果对那个受伤的年轻女孩来说，她的出现真是幸运之至)”以及第六段““As we were waiting for an ambulance, the amount of pain the girl was in was increasing. To distract (分散注意力) her and minimize the risk of her going into shock I kept her talking. She held my hand tightly when the pain got too much and this helped. I told her I could handle it — we laughed about that,” describes Jane.(“当我们等待救护车的时候，女孩所承受的痛苦愈发严重。为了分散她的注意力并降低她陷入休克的风险，我让她一直说话。当疼痛过于剧烈时，她紧紧握住我的手，这起到了一定的作用。我告诉她我能应付得来——我们还为此开怀大笑。”Jane这样描述道)”可知，Jane是个很热心、乐于助人的人。故选D。
4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Thinking back, Jane says, “For me, knowing that in a small way I helped that girl through a frightening experience is all the reward I need. I feel great to know I have made a difference and I will do it again.”(Jane回忆道：“对我来说，知道自己在某种程度上帮助了那个女孩度过了一段可怕的经历，这就是我所需要的全部回报了。得知自己确实起到了作用，而且还会继续这样做，这让我感觉非常棒。”)”并结合Jane下班驾车时遇到女孩Jenny被车撞倒地，有急救经验的她施救、联系急救人员，安抚女孩，助其渡过危机，她觉能帮上忙便是回报，可知，本文主要讲述了Jane的一次关于急救的经历。故选A。
5．B 6．B 7．D 8．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者主要介绍了热石疗法对人们身体健康的益处。
5．标题判断题。根据第二段“One popular option is hotstone massage (按摩). ”（一个受欢迎的选择是热石按摩）可知这是这段的主题句。以及第三段的“Another popular option is hotstone baths.”（另一个受欢迎的选择就是热石洗浴）可知这是这段的主题句。再根据最后一段“The hotstone therapy can help cure many diseases，including back pain.”（热石疗法可以帮助治疗许多疾病，包括背部疼痛。）可知整篇文章都是围绕热石疗法的好处来展开的。所以这篇文章最好的标题可能是热石疗法的神奇功能。故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段“The hotstone bath will help the body discharge toxins and humidity that accumulated during the last winter.”（热石浴有助于人体排出去年冬天积累的毒素和湿气。）可知人们通过排出大量的汗水来释放体内的毒素。故选B。
7．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“While people are annoyed by it，experts suggest summer is the best season to discharge (排放) your body's toxins (毒素) and recover your energy.”（虽然人们对此感到恼火，但专家建议，夏天是排出体内毒素、恢复精力的最佳季节。）可知通过这篇文章我们可以知道人们应该利用夏天来增进健康。故选D。
8．细节理解题。根据最后一段“The therapy is gaining wide popularity with many people，especially those who have jobs in cool airconditioned rooms.The hotstone therapy can help cure many diseases，including back pain.”（这种疗法在很多人中越来越受欢迎，尤其是那些在冷气房工作的人。热石疗法可以帮助治愈许多疾病，包括背痛。）可知关于热石疗法我们可以了解到它以其良好的效果受到人们的欢迎。故选C。
9．A 10．C 11．B 12．D 13．C 14．B 15．B 16．C 17．C 18．B 19．D 20．C 21．B 22．C 23．D
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者的儿子在一次意外事故中被严重烧伤，在作者的劝说下，他昂首挺胸地返回了学校，并放弃了整容手术，因为他认识到人真正的魅力是从内心流露出来的。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们已经叫了一架飞机，准备送他去西雅图。A. airplane飞机；B. hospital医院；C. doctor医生；D. ambulance救护车。根据本句后半部分的“fly him to Seattle”可知对方已经联系好了“飞机”，打算把作者的儿子送往西雅图治疗。故选A项。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：西雅图离他的大学有350英里，所以我们马上就知道情况很严重。A. optimist乐观主义者；B. cautious谨慎的；C. severe严重的；D. complex复杂的。根据上文“Seattle was 350 miles from his college”可知，将儿子送往350英里以外的西雅图去接受治疗，作者意识到烧伤很严重。故选C项。
11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：医生描述了引起烧伤的事故。A. event事件；B. accident事故；C. reason原因；D. process过程。根据下文“it burst into flames because of the sprayed petrol. The flames shot to my son's head”可知，喷了汽油的木炭的火焰烧着了作者的儿子，因此，作者的儿子被烧伤是“意外事故”。故选B项。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们点燃木炭时，由于喷了汽油，它突然起火了。A. got得到；B. moved移动；C. burned燃烧；D. lit点燃。根据本句后半部分的内容“it burst into flames”可知，他们是“点燃”木炭，然而木炭燃烧起来。故选D项。
13．考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，有个小男孩很机灵，一把抓住我的儿子，让他在草地上滚动。A. Happily幸福地；B. Surprisingly令人惊讶地；C. Fortunately幸运地；D. Slowly慢慢地。根据下文“he saved his life”可知，当时一个孩子及时采取行动，挽救了作者儿子的生命，这对于儿子来说是“幸运的”。故选C项。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，有个小男孩很机灵，一把抓住我的儿子，让他在草地上滚动。A. pushed推；B. rolled滚动；C. dropped掉落；D. threw扔。根据上文“The flames shot to my son's head.”和下文“he saved his life”可知，那个孩子的目的是想扑灭作者儿子身上的大火，由此可推断他是让作者的儿子在草地上“滚动”。故选B项。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然他救了儿子的命，却没有足够的时间把他从可怕的烧伤中拯救出来。A. space空间；B. time时间；C. room房间；D. place地方。根据上文“The flames shot to my son's head.”可知，那个孩子不能有足够的时间去挽救作者的儿子不被烧伤。故选B项。
16．考查连词词义辨析。句意：康复后，医生告诉他，他们在6个月内不能做整形手术，因为皮肤要过6个月才能停止收缩和皱纹。A. if如果；B. while尽管；C. because因为；D. although虽然。根据“they would not do plastic surgery (整容) for 6 months 8 it takes that long for the skin to stop shrinking and wrinkling”可知，不能在6个月内进行整容手术与皮肤的恢复存在因果关系，即这里是在说六个月之内不能进行整容的原因。故选C项。
17．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我的母亲告诉我的妹妹（她的手臂上有一个10英寸的伤疤，非常明显）：“南希，如果你忽视这个伤疤，其他人也会忽视它。这并不意味着他们不会注意到这件事，而是意味着如果这件事对你不重要，对他们也不重要。” A. specific具体的；B. violent暴力的；C. obvious明显的；D. cruel残酷的。根据“had a 10-inch very 9 scar on her arm”和常识可知，如果胳膊上有一条10英寸长的伤疤，它一定是非常“明显的”。故选C项。
18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我的母亲告诉我的妹妹（她的手臂上有一个10英寸的伤疤，非常明显）：“南希，如果你忽视这个伤疤，其他人也会忽视它。这并不意味着他们不会注意到这件事，而是意味着如果这件事对你不重要，对他们也不重要。” A. mention 提及；B. notice注意；C. reject拒绝；D. blame责备。根据“It does not mean they will not 10 it, but it means it will not matter to them if it doesn't matter to you.”可知，伤疤很长，别人不会看不到，但是如果自己不把伤疤放在心上，其他人也不会关注的，但这并不意味着他们没有“注意到”伤疤的存在。故选B项。
19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他把我的建议记在了心理，昂着头回到了学校——很高兴自己还活着。A. mind理智；B. life生命；C. spirit精神；D. heart心灵。根据下文“returned to school with his head held high-glad he was alive”可知，作者的儿子昂首挺胸地返回了学校，说明他将妈妈的建议牢牢地记在了“心”中。take…to heart把……放在心里。故选D项。
20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，他认为伤疤并不重要，决定放弃任何整容手术。A. attempt尝试；B. effort努力；C. decision决定；D. conclusion结论。根据上文“he thought the scars did not matter”可知，作者的儿子六个月后才可以整容，而此时的他认为自己的伤疤已经无关紧要，因此“决定”放弃任何整容手术。故选C项。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们都有伤疤，我们认为这些伤疤会让人远离我们。A. invite邀请；B. cause造成；C. allow允许；D. remind提醒。根据下文“people to keep away from us”可知，人们会远离我们，这是我们的“疤痕”带来的结果，此处填cause构成cause sb. to do sth.结构。故选B项。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是你看，如果你用同样的错误标准来评价自己，人们只会通过你的外表或你的衣服来评价你。A. casual随意的；B. tough困难的；C. false错误的； D. general一般的。根据上文“But you see, people will only judge you by your looks, or your clothes”可知，外表和衣着是露在外面的，它们就像伤疤一样，你在乎它，别人也在乎，因此可推断出外表和衣着这样的评判标准就像伤疤一样是不可取的，即错误的。故选C项。
23．考查介词词义辨析。句意：把你的不完美抛到脑后，专注于你内在的价值，你的美丽就会熠熠发光。A. by通过；B. over超过；C. beyond超出；D. within在……里面。根据上文“Put your imperfections out of your mind”可知，imperfections指的是上文提到的“烧伤，伤疤”，要把这些外在的不完美抛在脑后，因此作者关注的是内在的价值和美。故选D项。
24．to deal 25．happening 26．equipment 27．yourself 28．who/that 29．held 30．is lying 31．probably 32．what 33．before
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在运动中受伤时，如何自救或救助他人。
【详解】24．考查非谓语动词。句意：应对运动损伤的最好方法就是在一开始就避免它们的发生。此处用动词不定式作way的后置定语，the way to do sth.意为“做某事的方法”。故填to deal。
25．考查非谓语动词。句意：应对运动损伤的最好方法就是在一开始就避免它们的发生。设空处作from的宾语，应用动名词形式，keep...from doing...“阻止……做……”。故填happening。
26．考查名词。句意：了解比赛规则并使用正确的设备可以帮助你避免受伤。use为及物动词，后面缺少宾语，故使用equip的名词形式equipment，且为不可数名词，故填equipment。
27．考查反身代词。句意：如果你受伤了，就退出比赛或者停止活动。“pull 4 out of the game”为祈使句，省略了主语you(你)，pull为及物动词，故后面使用反身代词yourself作宾语。故填yourself。
28．考查定语从句。句意：严重的头部和颈部损伤最常发生在从事像足球这样的体育运动的运动员身上。设空处引导限制性定语从句，athletes为先行词，指人，从句缺少主语，故使用who或that来引导定语从句。故填who/that。
29．考查非谓语动词。句意：当有人打电话请求医疗救助时，保持伤者不动，头部挺直。此处是with复合结构，with+宾语+宾语补足语，因为hold和his or her head构成逻辑上的被动关系，故使用过去分词held作宾语补足语。故填held。
30．考查动词的时态。句意：如果这个人正躺在地上，不要试图移动他或她。此处If引导条件状语从句，从句缺少谓语，根据句意可知，此处强调的是这个人正躺在地上时的应对措施，故使用现在进行时，主语是单数，故填is lying。
31．考查副词。句意：在运动受伤之后，你的第一个问题可能是:“我什么时候能再打球？”此处应用副词作状语修饰be动词，故填probably。
32．考查宾语从句。句意：这取决于你的伤势和医生告诉你的情况。设空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作tells的直接宾语，表示“……的事情”，应用what来引导。故填what。
33．考查介词。句意：受伤后尝试任何活动之前总是要和你的医生谈谈。根据句意可知应填介词before，表示“在……之前”，故填before。
34．
Last weekend I was climbing Mount Wuyi with my friend Xiaomin when she fell over and cut her left leg open on a sharp block of stone.
The moment the accident happened, I applied first aid immediately. Firstly, I applied pressure to her left leg using a clean and dry towel for several minutes to stop the bleeding. When the wound had stopped bleeding, I cleaned her wound with a bottle of water carefully. Lastly, I gently patted the area dry using a clean towel.
From the experience, we realize that more attention should be paid to first aid skills.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生根据上周末自己和朋友小敏去爬山、因意外事故自己用急救知识帮助受伤小敏的经历写一篇短文，给校英文网站“Safety”专栏投稿。
【详解】1.词汇激活
首先：firstly→first of all
仔细地：carefully→with care
意识到：realise that...→be aware that...
立即：immediately→in no time
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：From the experience, we realize that more attention should be paid to first aid skills.
拓展句：What we learn from the experience is that more attention should be paid to first aid skills.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The moment the accident happened, I applied first aid immediately. (运用了The moment引导的时间状语从句)
【高分句型2】 From the experience, we realize that more attention should be paid to first aid skills.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)
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Unit 5 First Aid
单元重点单词短语句型语法精练
考点夯基攻坚
1． 重点单词：
technique n. 技能，技术，技艺
organ n. (人或动植物的)器官
minor adj. 较小的，次要的，轻微的
victim n. 受害者，患者
swell vi. 膨胀，肿胀
underneath prep.|adv. 在……底下，隐藏在下面|在……底下，隐藏在下面
nerve n. 神经
loose adj.； 的，未系紧的，宽松的
urgent adj. 紧急的，急迫的，急切的
ease vt.|vi.&vt.|n. 减轻，缓解|使容易，使顺利|容易，舒适，自在
swallow vt.&vi. 吞下，咽下
wrap vt. 包裹，(用手臂等)围住
bathe n.|vt. 洗澡，浴缸、浴盆，洗澡水|给……洗澡
slip vi.|n. 滑倒，滑落，溜走|滑倒，小错误，纸条
elderly adj. 年老的，渐老的(委婉)
ambulance n. 救护车
delay vi.& vt.|vt.|n. 推迟，延期(做某事)|耽误，耽搁|延误，耽搁(的时间)，推迟
drown vi.&vt. (使)淹死，溺死，浸泡，淹没
bleed vi. 流血，失血
panic vi.&vt.|n. (使)惊慌|惊恐，恐慌
interrupt vi.&vi.|vt. 打断，打扰|使暂停，使中断
scream vi.&vt.|n. (因愤怒或恐惧)高声喊，大声叫|尖叫，尖锐刺耳的声音
fellow adj.|n. 同类的，同事的，同伴的|男人，家伙，同事，同辈，同类
desperate adj. 绝望的，孤注一掷的，非常需要的
practical adj. 切实可行的，实际的，实践的
obstruction n. 阻碍，堵塞，阻塞物
tight adj.|adv. 牢固的，紧身的，绷紧的，严密的|紧紧地，牢固地
justify vi. 证明……有道理，为……辩护，……的正当理由
welfare n. 幸福，福祉，安康，福利
collapse vi. (突然)倒塌，(因病等)昏倒
foggy adj. 有雾的
suburb n. 郊区，城外
membership n. 会员身份，全体会员，会员人数
2． 重点短语：
sense of touch触觉
electric shock触电，电击
help sb to one's feet帮助某人站起身来
face up/down面朝上(朝下)
sleep in迟起，睡过头，睡懒觉
out of shape健康状况不好
3． 派生词：
technique n.→ technical adj. → technically adv.
organ n. → organic adj. 有机的；器官的 → organically adv.
minor adj. → minority n. 少数派；少数民族
swell v. → swollen adj. 肿起的；肿胀的
nerve n. → nervous adj. → nervously adv. → nervy adj. 厚脸皮的；易紧张的
electric adj. → electrical adj. 有关电的；电气科学的→ electricity n. 电流
loose adj. → loosely adv. 宽松地；松散地 → loosen v.（使）放松；解开
urgent adj. → urgently adv. → urgency n. 紧急；急迫
operator n. → operate v. → operation n.
ease n. → easy adj. → easily adv. → uneasy adj. 不安的；
slip v. → 过去式 slipped，过去分词 slipped
panic v&n.→过去式 panicked→过去分词 panicked；n. 恐慌 → adj. panicky恐慌
scream v./n. → 派生词 screaming adj. 尖叫的
bleed v. → n. blood（血液）→bloody adj. 血腥的→bleeding n./adj. 出血（的）
drown v. → drowning adj. 溺水的；drowned adj. 已溺亡的
tight adj. → adv. tightly→v. tighten（使收紧）
desperate adj.→ adv. desperately→n. desperation
choke v. → choking adj. 令人窒息的、呛人的→choked（adj. 堵塞的、哽咽的）
4． 重点句型：
1. Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary, unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin.意为：如有必要，用剪刀剪掉伤者身上的衣物，但如果看到布料粘在烧伤的皮肤上，就不要这么做。此句中，if necessary 为if it is necessary的缩略形式。
2. Applying oil to the injured areas is a bad idea, as it will keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection. 意为：在受伤部位涂抹油脂是错误的做法，因为这会将热量封在伤口内，还可能引发感染。此句中，apply sth to sth意为 “敷，涂，擦”。
3. If the victim is suffering from second or third-degree burns, there is an urgent need to take him/her to the hospital at once.意为：如果伤者属于二度或三度烧伤，就必须立刻将其送往医院。此句中，there is an urgent need to do sth 意为“迫切需要”。
4. Chen Wei, a high school student in Beijing, had his dinner interrupted when he heard someone screaming from another table.意为：北京的一名高中生陈威，正吃着晚饭，突然邻桌传来尖叫声，打断了他的用餐。此句中，had his dinner interrupted 和 heard someone screaming均使用了非谓语动词作宾补。
小题夯基·精准突破
一、单词拼写：（每题1分，共计20分）
1．In third-degree burns, the tissue u________ the skin can often be seen clearly, which is a very dangerous sign. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】underneath/nderneath
【详解】句意：三度烧伤时，皮肤下方的组织常常清晰可见，这是非常危险的信号。设空处后接名词the skin，结合首字母u提示可知，应填入介词underneath，意为“在……下面”，构成介词短语作后置定语修饰前面的名词the tissue。
2．There is an u________ need to send the victim to hospital at once, especially when the burn is second or third-degree. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】urgent/rgent
【详解】句意：急需立刻将伤者送往医院，尤其是二度或三度烧伤时。空格后是名词need，需要填入形容词作定语，结合句意以及首字母u提示，urgent完全契合语境，urgent need是常用搭配，意为“迫切需要、急需”。
3．After cleaning the wound gently, the nurse covered it with a l________ clean cloth to protect it from infection. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】loose/oose
【详解】句意：轻轻清洗伤口后，护士用一块宽松的干净布盖住伤口，防止感染。空格后是名词短语clean cloth，需要填入以l开头的形容词修饰该名词短语，结合护士处理伤口的常识可知，loose表示“宽松的、未系紧的”，完全贴合语境。
4．If the n________ are damaged, the victim may feel little or no pain even though the burn is extremely deep. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】nerves/erves
【详解】句意：如果神经受损，即使烧伤很深，伤者也可能几乎感觉不到疼痛。根据语境结合首字母n的提示，可知空格处指代负责传递痛觉的人体神经；后文be动词为are，说明要使用可数名词nerve的复数形式nerves。
5．The skin is the largest o________ of the human body, covering every part of us from head to toe. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】organ/rgan
【详解】句意：皮肤是人体最大的器官，从头到脚覆盖我们全身。根据句意结合首字母o，可知此处表示“器官”，用名词organ，指主语The skin，organ用单数形式即可。
6．The doctor said the injury was m________ and would heal within a couple of days if properly treated. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】mild/ild
【详解】句意：医生说伤势轻微，如果妥善处理，几天之内就能痊愈。根据后文“妥善处理后几天内就会愈合”的提示，能判断此处是描述伤势不严重，结合首字母m，mild表示“轻微的、不严重的”，用来修饰injury。
7．If the burnt area becomes red and s________, you should avoid breaking any blisters that may form on the surface. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】swollen/wollen
【详解】句意：如果烧伤部位发红、肿胀，不要弄破创面可能起的水泡。空处和形容词red并列，结合语境及首字母s可知，空处应填形容词swollen，意为“肿胀的”，作表语。
8．We should offer care and support to every v________ of natural disasters and help them rebuild their homes. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】victim/ictim
【详解】句意：我们应当为每一位自然灾害受害者提供关怀与支持，帮助他们重建家园。 根据every可知，空处需填可数名词单数作宾语，victim表示“受害者”,符合语境。
9．Don’t p________! Please stay calm and follow the operator’s instructions. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】panic/anic
【详解】句意：别慌！请保持冷静，并按照操作人员的指示行事。根据首字母和句意可知，此处表示“（使）恐慌”用动词panic，设空处应该使用动词原形与前文don’t构成祈使句的否定结构。
10．He wore a t________ bandage around his knee to keep the wound from moving. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】tight/ight
【详解】句意：他的膝盖上缠着一条紧绷的绷带，以防止伤口移位。根据首字母和keep the wound from moving可知，绷带很紧，tight意为“紧的；牢固的”，作定语。
11．The mother was d________ to find her lost child in the crowded square. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】desperate/esperate
【详解】句意：这位母亲极度渴望在拥挤的广场上找到她走失的孩子。根据to find her lost child可知，母亲迫切想要找到走失的孩子，结合首字母可知，用形容词desperate，意为“非常需要的；绝望的”，作表语。be desperate to do sth.意为“迫切想做某事”。
12．Learning first aid is not only theoretical but also very p________; it can save lives in real emergencies. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】practical/ractical
【详解】句意：学习急救不仅是理论性的，而且非常实用；它能在真实的紧急情况下挽救生命。此处与theoretical并列，结合首字母可知，用practical，意为“实际的，实用的，切实可行的”，作表语。
13．The manager had to j________ his decision to fire the employee in front of the whole team. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】justify/ustify
【详解】句意：经理不得不在全体团队成员面前为他解雇这名员工的决定作出合理性解释。根据首字母和his decision可知，应用动词justify，意为“证明……有道理；为……辩护”。had to后接动词原形。
14．The old bridge suddenly c________ under the weight of the heavy truck, blocking the road. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】collapsed/ollapsed
【详解】句意：这座旧桥在重型卡车的重压下突然坍塌，阻断了道路。根据首字母和blocking the road可知，桥坍塌了，collapse意为“倒塌”。描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。
15．Please don’t i_________ the operator while she is giving you emergency instructions.（根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】interrupt/nterrupt
【详解】句意：接线员正在给你紧急指示时，请不要打断她。助动词don’t后应接动词原形，构成否定祈使句，由首字母i和语境可知表示“打断”，应用动词interrupt。
16．The lifeguard jumped into the river to save the boy, who was at risk of d_________.（根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】drowning/rowning
【详解】句意：救生员跳进河里去救那个有溺水危险的男孩。空处位于介词of后，应用名词drowning作宾语，表示“溺水”。
17．Apply pressure to the wound with a clean cloth to stop the b________. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】bleeding/leeding
【详解】句意：用干净的布压住伤口以止血。空处作stop的宾语，且空前有定冠词，结合“the wound”和首字母提示可推知，名词bleeding“流血，出血”符合题意，是不可数名词。
18．The old lady s______ on the icy street and broke her leg.
【答案】slipped/lipped
【详解】句意：老太太在结冰的街道上滑倒了，摔断了腿。句子用一般过去时态，结合所给首字母和句意，可知答案为slipped。
19．Bad weather forced the airline to d________ all flights, leaving hundreds of passengers waiting at the airport. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】delay/elay
【详解】句意：恶劣天气迫使航空公司延误所有航班，数百名乘客只能滞留在机场等候。根据句意“延误”和首字母可知，此处为动词delay，位于动词不定式符号to后面，使用动词原形。
20．As soon as he came back to life from the accident, he called an a______________.
【答案】ambulance/mbulance
【详解】句意：事故后他一苏醒过来，就叫了一辆救护车。根据语境，人在事故苏醒后通常会叫救护车，结合首字母a，ambulance“救护车”符合，在句中作called的宾语。
二、单项选择：（每题1分，共计15分）
21．Our teacher uses ______ teaching methods to suit different students’ learning styles.
A．flexible B．loose C．generous D．internal
【答案】A
【详解】句意：我们的老师使用灵活的教学方法来适应不同学生的学习风格。A. flexible灵活的；B. loose松的；C. generous慷慨的；D. internal内部的。空处修饰“teaching methods”，且根据后文“to suit different students’ learning styles”可知，教学方法应该是灵活多变的。所以A项符合语境。
22．The charity organization set up a support center to provide basic necessities for every ________ of the recent earthquake.
A．peer B．victim C．inspector D．architect
【答案】B
【详解】句意：慈善组织建立了一个支持中心，为最近地震的每一位受害者提供基本生活必需品。A. peer同龄人；B. victim受害者；C. inspector检查员；D. architect建筑师。根据provide basic necessities和the recent earthquake可知，慈善组织为地震的受害者提供必需品。
23．The local community centre relies entirely on volunteers who provide free legal and medical ________ to those who cannot afford professional services.
A．version B．technique C．arrangement D．assistance
【答案】D
【详解】句意：当地社区中心完全依靠志愿者，他们为那些负担不起专业服务的人提供免费的法律和医疗援助。A. version版本；B. technique技巧；C. arrangement安排；D. assistance援助。此处表示志愿者为弱势群体提供免费的法律和医疗“援助”，assistance符合语境。
24．The organization will offer ________ medical treatment to people in the remote area.
A．generous B．sensitive C．loose D．internal
【答案】A
【详解】句意：该组织将为偏远地区的人们提供慷慨的医疗救治。A. generous慷慨的；B. sensitive敏感的；C. loose松的；D. internal内部的。结合句意，该组织为偏远地区提供医疗救治，应是“慷慨的”或“大量的”，generous符合题意。
25．The workers are trying to apply modern ________ to this traditional craft.
A．victims B．organs C．techniques D．layers
【答案】C
【详解】句意：工人们正试着把现代技术运用到这项传统工艺中。A. victims受害者；B. organs器官；C. techniques技术；D. layers层次。apply sth. to sth.意为“将某物应用于某物”，根据题意，工人们试图将现代“技术”应用于传统工艺。
26．I am convinced that the print media are usually more ________ and more reliable than the Internet.
A．mutual B．gradual C．accurate D．urgent
【答案】C
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我确信纸质媒体通常比互联网更准确、更可靠。A. mutual相互的；B. gradual逐渐的；C. accurate准确的；D. urgent紧急的。根据“and more reliable than the Internet”可知，纸质媒体与互联网相比较，更加准确且可靠。故选C。
27．A fellow diner at the restaurant, Zhang Tao, was choking ________ some steak. He was now holding his throat with his face turning red, while his ________ friends were slapping him on the back.
A．with; desperate B．on; desperate C．on; swollen D．with; swollen
【答案】B
【详解】考查介词搭配和形容词词义辨析。句意：餐厅里一位正在用餐的食客张涛，被一块牛排呛到了。他此刻正掐着喉咙，脸憋得通红，而他焦急万分的朋友们正拍打着他的后背。choke on是固定短语，意为“因……而窒息”，这里表示被牛排噎住，choke with表示“因……堵塞”，常接情感类名词，所以此处用on，排除A、D选项。desperate意为“绝望的；急切的”，swollen意为“肿胀的”。根据语境，朋友噎住了，其他朋友应该是急切的，用desperate来形容朋友们当时的状态，“swollen”不符合语境。故选B项。
28．Climate change is a big threat to our earth. It’s time to take ________ action from now on.
A．flexible B．abstract C．temporary D．urgent
【答案】D
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：气候变化是我们地球的一大威胁。从现在开始是采取紧急行动的时候了。A. flexible灵活的；B. abstract抽象的；C. temporary短暂的；D. urgent紧急的。由Climate change is a big threat to our earth.可知，需要采取紧急行动来解决气候变化的威胁。故选D。
29．His repeated excuses for being late ________ — I’ve told him how important punctuality is many times.
A．gets on my nerves B．touches a nerve C．strains every nerve D．keeps the nerve
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他一再为迟到找借口，这让我很恼火——我已经多次告诉他守时有多重要了。 A. gets on my nerves让我很恼火，使我心烦意乱； B. touches a nerve触及痛处，触动感情； C. strains every nerve竭尽全力，使出浑身解数； D. keeps the nerve保持镇定，保持冷静。 根据“I’ve told him how important punctuality is many times.”可知，说话人已经多次强调守时的重要性，因此对方一再为迟到找借口会让说话人感到恼火，A选项符合语境。故选A。
30．The fireworks display was truly________.
A．awesome B．swollen C．delayed D．interrupted
【答案】A
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：烟花表演真的很精彩。A. awesome令人惊叹的，精彩的；B. swollen肿胀的；C. delayed延迟的；D. interrupted中断的。根据上文“The fireworks display”可知，烟花表演是精彩的，A选项符合句意。故选A。
31．Honesty is a ________ value in any relationship.
A．fundamental B．pleasant C．desperate D．swollen
【答案】A
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在任何关系中，诚实都是十分重要的一部分。A. fundamental基本的，重要的；B. pleasant令人愉快的；C. desperate绝望的；D. swollen肿胀的。根据“Honesty”及“value in any relationship”及常识可知，诚实对于任何关系都是非常重要的，所以空处需用形容词fundamental。故选A。
32．The bookshop ________ took the book and checked the price on the back cover.
A．victim B．assistant C．novelist D．physician
【答案】B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：书店店员拿起书，查看了封底的价格。A. victim受害者；B. assistant店员，助手；C. novelist小说家；D. physician内科医生。在书店里拿起书查看价格的应该是书店的工作人员，也就是“店员”，用名词assistant。故选B项。
33．Remember never to leave your dog ________. It might bite people around.
A．upset B．calm C．concerned D．loose
【答案】D
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：记住永远不要让你的狗松开的。它可能会咬人。A. upset心烦的；B. calm平静的；C. concerned关心的；D. loose松开的，自由的。根据句意可知，此处为形容词loose“松开的，自由的”，作宾语补足语，满足句意要求。故选D项。
34．To my surprise, only using such ________as decorated whips, the opera transforms a small stage into the whole universe.
A．impression B．responsibility C．technique D．comment
【答案】C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，仅用装饰鞭子这样的技巧，歌剧就把一个舞台变成了整个宇宙。A. impression印象；B. responsibility责任；C. technique技巧；D. comment评论。根据空后“decorated whips”可知，装饰的鞭子为歌剧中使用的技巧，故此处应用名词technique作宾语，故选C。
35．The emergency nurse can treat injuries without reference to a doctor.
A．practical B．loose C．electronic D．minor
【答案】D
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：急诊护士可以治疗轻伤而不需要咨询医生。A. practical实际的；B. loose松动的；C. electronic电子的；D. minor轻微的。根据“injuries without reference to a doctor”可知，不需要咨询医生就能治疗的伤应该是轻伤，minor“轻微的”符合题意，minor injury意为“轻微伤，轻伤”。故选D。
三、语法填空：（每题1分，共计15分）
36．The host put the guest ease. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】at
【详解】句意：主人使客人感到轻松自在。put sb. at ease是固定短语，意为“使某人感到轻松、自在”或“消除某人的紧张情绪”，其中at ease表示“舒适，自在”。
37．He finished it with (easy). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】ease
【详解】句意：他轻松地完成了它。介词with后需接名词作宾语；easy的名词形式为ease，固定短语with ease，意为“轻松地、毫不费力地”。
38．After staying up late for several nights, the youngster had (swell) eyes and could hardly focus on the screen. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】swollen
【详解】句意：连续几个晚上熬夜后，这个年轻人的眼睛肿了，几乎无法聚焦在屏幕上。空处修饰名词eyes，应用形容词形式作定语。动词swell的形容词形式是swollen，表示“肿胀的”。
39．Researchers record changes in experimental data to ensure accuracy, and even a of such details can influence final conclusions. (minor) （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】 minor minority
【详解】考查形容词和名词。句意：研究人员会记录实验数据中的细微变化以确保准确性，即便这类细节中只占少数的部分，也可能影响最终结论。第一空修饰名词changes用形容词minor，作定语；第二空表示“少数部分”短语为a minority of。故填①minor；②minority。
40．She was (nerve) at first but soon calmed herself down. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】nervous
【详解】考查形容词。句意：起初她很紧张，但很快就平静下来了。此处为形容词作表语，补充说明主语she的状态，nerve的形容词形式是nervous，意为“紧张的”，符合“起初紧张，之后平静”的语境。故填nervous。
41．We can’t set off in such (fog) weather because so much fog will likely result in accidents. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】foggy
【详解】句意：我们不能在这样的大雾天气出发，因为这么大的雾很可能导致事故。空处修饰名词weather，需用形容词；fog作名词意为“雾”，其形容词形式是foggy，意为“有雾的、雾气弥漫的”。
42．Owing to the foggy weather, the (operate) left his hometown alone. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】operator
【详解】句意：由于大雾天气，这名操作员独自离开了家乡。定冠词the后需要填入名词作句子主语，动词operate对应的表示人的名词为operator，意为“操作员、操作人员”，契合语境。
43．Teachers often encourage us to practice the writing (technical) of “show, don’t tell” to make our stories more attractive. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】technique
【详解】考查名词。句意：老师们经常鼓励我们练习“展示而非告知”的写作技巧，让我们的故事更有吸引力。空处需填名词作practice的宾语，technical的名词形式technique（技巧）符合题意，此处特指“展示而非告知”这一写作技巧，用单数形式。故填technique。
44．What would make you consider buying an (electricity) car? (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】electric
【详解】考查形容词。句意：什么会让你考虑买一辆电动汽车？修饰名词car应用electricity的形容词形式electric作定语，意为“电动的”，electric car是固定搭配，表示“电动汽车”，符合语境。故填electric。
45．After (loose) the nuts (螺帽), I took off the wheel without difficulties(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】loosening
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：拧下螺母后，我毫不费力地卸下了轮子。此处应为非谓语动词作状语，loose的动词形式为loosen“使松开，放松”，与其逻辑主语I之间为主动关系，且位于介词after之后，所以使用动名词形式，作宾语。故填loosening。
46．In (desperate), he asked for help. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】desperation
【详解】句意：绝望中，他请求帮助。空处作介词In的宾语，用名词desperation“绝望”，是不可数名词，短语in desperation意为“绝望中，走投无路之下”。
47．The dog (panic) at the thunder. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】panicked
【详解】句意：狗被雷声吓坏了。panic at为固定搭配，表示“因……惊慌”；本句描述过去发生的事情，时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式panicked。
48．The meeting was (interrupt) by a call. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】interrupted
【详解】句意：会议被电话打断了。主语与谓语构成被动关系，结合was可知为一般过去时的被动语态。
49．He spoke without (interrupt). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】interruption
【详解】句意：他不间断地发言。介词without后需要接名词作宾语，interrupt是动词，对应的名词形式为interruption，表示 “打扰，中断”。
50．A choking person cannot speak. Slapping the choking person’s back will often force out the (obstruct). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】obstruction
【详解】句意：窒息的人无法说话。拍打窒息者的背部通常能把阻塞物排出来。空处位于定冠词the之后，作动词短语force out“用力排出”的宾语，需用名词；obstruct是动词，意为“阻塞、堵塞”，其名词形式是obstruction，意为“阻塞物；阻塞（物）”。
四、选词填空：（每题1分，共计15分）
a sense of; electric shock; get burnt; divide...into; be caused by; stick to; apply...to; if necessary; suffer from; too much
51．The oil is burning. Don’t come near or you might .
52．You should follow a healthy diet that you like and can .
53．It seemed that people in the world good and bad people.
54．They were ready to die, , for their country.
55．People began to radiation sickness, and more than 300 died.
56．With the development of science and technology, robots can also gain touch.
57．That accident which happened yesterday the carelessness of a nurse.
58．Maybe they feel pressure to do well in their tests.
59．In the US 100,000 people are given treatment annually.
60．We are trying to book knowledge practical work.
【答案】
51．get burnt 52．stick to 53．were divided into 54．if necessary 55．suffer from 56．a sense of 57．was caused by 58．too much 59．electric shock 60． apply to
【详解】51．考查动词短语。句意：油正在燃烧。别靠近，否则你可能会被烧伤。结合句意可知，此处表示“被烧伤”，应用短语get burnt，空前有情态动词might，所以此处应用动词原形。故填get burnt。
52．考查动词短语。句意：你应该遵循一份自己喜欢且能够坚持的健康饮食。结合句意可知，此处表示“坚持”，应用短语stick to，空前有情态动词can，所以此处应用动词原形。故填stick to。
53．考查动词短语。句意：似乎世界上的人被分为好人和坏人。结合句意可知，此处表示“被分成”，应用短语be divided into，根据主句谓语动词seemed可知，此处应用一般过去时，主语people为复数，be动词用were。故填were divided into。
54．考查条件状语从句的省略。句意：必要时，他们愿意为国家牺牲生命。结合句意可知，此处表示“如果必要的话”，应用短语if necessary，在句中作条件状语。故填if necessary。
55．考查动词短语。句意：人们开始患上辐射病，超过三百人死亡。结合句意可知，此处表示“患上（疾病）”，应用短语suffer from，跟在begin to后，应用动词原形构成不定式。故填suffer from。
56．考查名词短语。句意：随着科技的发展，机器人也能获得触觉。结合句意可知，此处表示“一种……的感觉”，应用短语a sense of，修饰名词touch，构成短语a sense of touch，表示“触觉”。故填a sense of。
57．考查动词短语。句意：昨天发生的那起事故是由一名护士的粗心造成的。结合句意可知，此处表示“由……造成”，应用短语be caused by，根据时间状语yesterday可知，此处应用一般过去时，主语that accident为单数，be动词用was。故填was caused by。
58．考查形容词短语。句意：也许他们为了在考试中取得好成绩，感到压力太大了。结合句意可知，此处表示“太多的”，修饰不可数名词pressure，应用短语too much。故填too much。
59．考查名词短语。句意：在美国，每年有十万人接受电击治疗。结合句意可知，此处表示“电击”，应用短语electric shock，修饰名词treatment作定语，构成electric shock treatment，表示“电击治疗”。故填electric shock。
60．考查动词短语。句意：我们正努力把书本知识应用到实际工作中。结合句意可知，此处表示“把……应用到……”，应用短语apply...to...，跟在try to后，应用动词原形构成不定式。故填①apply；②to。
从方框内选择合适的单词，并用其正确形式填空，每个单词限用一次。
drown sprain bleeding panic interrupt
61．When the fire alarm went off, the crowd and rushed to the exits.
62．He was taken to hospital with severe after the car accident.
63．You should call the emergency services immediately if someone is in the water.
64．The basketball player had to leave the match because he his ankle.
65．Sorry to , but I have an urgent call for you.
【答案】61．panicked 62．bleeding 63．drowning 64．sprained 65．interrupt
【详解】61．考查动词时态。句意：当火警响起时，人群惊慌失措，冲向出口。根据“When the fire alarm went off”可知，此处描述火警响起时的场景；panic意为“惊慌”，符合语境，设空处应使用过去式与后文的rushed构成并列，其过去式为panicked。
62．考查名词。句意：车祸后，他因严重出血被送往医院。根据“after the car accident”及“taken to hospital”可知，此处指车祸导致的身体伤害，severe后接名词，bleeding意为“出血”，作不可数名词使用，符合语境。
63．考查非谓语动词。句意：如果有人在水中溺水，你应该立即拨打紧急服务电话。根据“in the water”及“call the emergency services”可知，此处描述正在发生的危险情况，drown意为“溺水”，is drowning表示现在进行时，强调动作正在进行。
64．考查动词时态。句意：这名篮球运动员因扭伤脚踝不得不退出比赛。根据“had to leave the match”可知，篮球运动员因扭伤脚踝不得不退出比赛，同时句子表述动作发生在过去，需用一般过去时。sprain意为“扭伤”，其过去式为sprained。
65．考查非谓语动词。句意：抱歉打扰一下，但您有一个紧急电话。根据“Sorry to”可知，此处为固定表达“Sorry to interrupt”，表示“抱歉打扰”，to后接动词原形。interrupt意为“打扰”，符合语境。
五、完成句子：（每题2分，共计20分）
66．过了一会儿她回头看他，双眼哭得又红又肿。
After a while she turned round to look at him, _____________.（独立主格结构）
【答案】her eyes red and swollen from crying
【详解】考查独立主格结构。表示“她的双眼”用her eyes；表示“因为哭泣又红又肿”用red and swollen from crying，此处用“名词+形容词短语”构成的独立主格结构her eyes red and swollen from crying作状语。故填her eyes red and swollen from crying。
67．To stop fire or ________ ________ (触电；电击), please do not use a damaged power line. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】 electric shock
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：为了防止火灾或触电，请不要使用破损的电源线。根据句意和中文提示，表示“触电；电击”应用electric shock，为不可数名词短语，与fire并列作stop的宾语。故填electric shock。
68．打篮球时，我们应该准备一些必要的消肿止痛的药。(reduce; ease)
We should prepare some necessary medicine of ________________ when playing basketball.
【答案】reducing the swelling and easing the pain
【详解】考查非谓语。表示“消肿止痛”用reduce the swelling and ease the pain，本空作介词of的宾语，用reduce和ease的动名词形式，故填reducing the swelling and easing the pain。
69．随着新型冠状病毒的爆发，迫切需要生产大量口罩。(urgent)
With an outbreak of the novel coronavirus, ________________ large numbers of masks.
【答案】there is an urgent need to produce
【详解】考查固定句型和形容词。根据句意可知， urgent为形容词，意为“迫切的”，修饰名词need，构成“there is an urgent need to do sth.”表示“迫切需要做某事”；produce为动词，意为“生产”，动词原形和to构成不定式。根据语境，此处描述的是客观情况，用一般现在时。故填there is an urgent need to produce。
70．如果有必要，在你的腰部后面放一个小垫子或织物。
________________, place a small cushion or fabrics behind the curve of your lower back.
【答案】If necessary
【详解】考查省略结构或固定表达。根据中英文句子可知，空处缺少“如果有必要”的英文表达。在时间、条件、方式、让步等状语从句中，如果从句的主语与主句的主语一致或从句的主语为it，且从句的谓语为be动词时，则可将从句的主语或it连同系动词be一起省略。因此，表示“如果有必要”用if necessary，也可看作固定表达，其完整形式为if it is necessary，在句中作条件状语，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填If necessary。
71．你可以想象，如果你的皮肤被烧伤，情况会很严重。(as引导非限制性定语从句；burn)
________________, if your skin ________________, it can be very serious.
【答案】 As you can imagine gets burnt
【详解】考查as引导的非限制性定语从句和时态。as引导非限制性定语从句时，可指代整个主句内容，置于句首，意为“正如……”，“正如你可以想象的”译为As you can imagine；从句中“皮肤被烧伤”，主语your skin与burn之间为被动关系，可以用get burnt表示，且if条件状语从句，应遵循主将从现，即gets burnt。故填①As you can imagine；②gets burnt。
72．Be careful not to ________________ (成为……的受害者) online banking fraud. (victim短语) (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】fall victim to
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：小心不要成为网上银行欺诈的受害者。根据汉语提示“成为……的受害者”可知短语为fall victim to，且上文为短语be careful not to do sth.，应填动词原形。故填fall victim to。
73．看到自己设计的海报被选中, 自豪感如潮水般在他的胸中涌动。
Seeing his poster design chosen, _____________.
【答案】pride swelled in his chest like a rising tide
【详解】考查名词，动词和主谓结构。中英文句子对比可知，空处需要补全“自豪感如潮水般在他的胸中涌动”。“自豪感”可用名词pride，在句中作主语；“涌动”常用动词swell表达，在句中作谓语。此处描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时；“在他的胸中”是in his chest；“如潮水般”可译为like a rising tide，作方式状语 。故填pride swelled in his chest like a rising tide。
74．Your skin warns you when things are too hot or cold, and gives you your _______ _______ _______ (触感). (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】 sense of touch
【详解】考查名词短语。句意：当天气太热或太冷时，你的皮肤会发出警告，并赋予你触觉。“触觉”作宾语，用名词短语sense of touch表示。故填sense of touch。
75．我们不能再拖延做决定了；截止日期就是明天。
We cannot ________ ________ a decision any longer; the deadline is tomorrow.
【答案】 delay making
【详解】考查动词短语。delay doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“拖延做某事”，make a decision表示“做决定”，所以这里用delay making，在句中作谓语，can是情态动词，后接动词原形。故填delay making。
综合攻坚·知能拔高
一、阅读理解：（每题2.5分，共计20分）
A
While driving home after work, Jane Hodgson noticed a car pulled over at the side of the road and a crowd beginning to gather around someone who was lying on the ground.
Jane, who had completed a firstaid course at work, pulled over to see if she could offer any help — and it turned out to be lucky for the young injured girl that she did.
Describing the scene she came across, Jane says, “The onlookers were ashenfaced (面如土色的) and looked lost.They were so shocked that they hadn’t even thought to call for an ambulance yet.”
After speaking to the emergency services, Jane started finding out what had happened and what injuries the young girl called Jenny had.The girl had been hit by a car, landing on her head and shoulder.Her shoulder and arm were twisted (扭曲) underneath her.
“She hadn’t been wearing a helmet when she got knocked down, and I thought that she should not be moved as I couldn’t be sure about a spinal injury (脊椎损伤), but after looking her over and checking the circulation in her injured arm I did feel fairly confident that she had escaped relatively unhurt,” says Jane.
“As we were waiting for an ambulance, the amount of pain the girl was in was increasing. To distract (分散注意力) her and minimize the risk of her going into shock I kept her talking. She held my hand tightly when the pain got too much and this helped. I told her I could handle it — we laughed about that,” describes Jane.
Later, a doctor from the local hospital’s ICU stopped at the scene too.The ICU doctor decided that Jenny should lie on her back, making her much more comfortable until the emergency services arrived.
Thinking back, Jane says, “For me, knowing that in a small way I helped that girl through a frightening experience is all the reward I need. I feel great to know I have made a difference and I will do it again.”
1．What can we learn from the text about Jane Hodgson?
A．She has learned some first aid. B．She is a firstaid trainer.
C．She works in a local hospital. D．She is an ICU doctor.
2．When waiting for an ambulance, ________ .
A．Jenny refused to talk B．Jenny went into shock
C．Jane kept giving Jenny confidence D．Jane was a little impatient
3．Which of the following can best describe Jane Hodgson?
A．Strict but caring. B．Tough and generous.
C．Proud but determined. D．Warmhearted and helpful.
4．What’s the main idea of this passage?
A．It is an experience about performing first aid. B．It is about the importance of first aid.
C．It is a story between two strangers. D．It is about how to perform first aid.
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jane Hodgson下班驾车时遇女孩Jenny被车撞倒地，有急救经验的她施救、联系急救人员，安抚女孩，助其度过危机，她觉得能帮上忙便是回报。
【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Jane, who had completed a firstaid course at work, pulled over to see if she could offer any help — and it turned out to be lucky for the young injured girl that she did.(Jane在工作中参加过急救培训，于是她停车查看是否能提供一些帮助——结果对那个受伤的年轻女孩来说，她的出现真是幸运之至)”可知，Jane Hodgson学了一些急救知识。故选A。
2．推理判断题。根据第六段““As we were waiting for an ambulance, the amount of pain the girl was in was increasing. To distract (分散注意力) her and minimize the risk of her going into shock I kept her talking. She held my hand tightly when the pain got too much and this helped. I told her I could handle it — we laughed about that,” describes Jane.(“当我们等待救护车的时候，女孩所承受的痛苦愈发严重。为了分散她的注意力并降低她陷入休克的风险，我让她一直说话。当疼痛过于剧烈时，她紧紧握住我的手，这起到了一定的作用。我告诉她我能应付得来——我们还为此开怀大笑。”Jane这样描述道)”可推知，在等救护车期间，Jane一直让那个受伤的女孩说话，并给她信心。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据第二段“Jane, who had completed a firstaid course at work, pulled over to see if she could offer any help — and it turned out to be lucky for the young injured girl that she did.(Jane在工作中参加过急救培训，于是她停车查看是否能提供一些帮助——结果对那个受伤的年轻女孩来说，她的出现真是幸运之至)”以及第六段““As we were waiting for an ambulance, the amount of pain the girl was in was increasing. To distract (分散注意力) her and minimize the risk of her going into shock I kept her talking. She held my hand tightly when the pain got too much and this helped. I told her I could handle it — we laughed about that,” describes Jane.(“当我们等待救护车的时候，女孩所承受的痛苦愈发严重。为了分散她的注意力并降低她陷入休克的风险，我让她一直说话。当疼痛过于剧烈时，她紧紧握住我的手，这起到了一定的作用。我告诉她我能应付得来——我们还为此开怀大笑。”Jane这样描述道)”可知，Jane是个很热心、乐于助人的人。故选D。
4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Thinking back, Jane says, “For me, knowing that in a small way I helped that girl through a frightening experience is all the reward I need. I feel great to know I have made a difference and I will do it again.”(Jane回忆道：“对我来说，知道自己在某种程度上帮助了那个女孩度过了一段可怕的经历，这就是我所需要的全部回报了。得知自己确实起到了作用，而且还会继续这样做，这让我感觉非常棒。”)”并结合Jane下班驾车时遇女孩Jenny被车撞倒地，有急救经验的她施救、联系急救人员，安抚女孩，助其度过危机，她觉能帮上忙便是回报，可知，本文主要讲述了Jane的一次关于急救的经历。故选A。
B
In summer the extreme heat often makes people sweaty and restless. While people are annoyed by it, experts suggest summer is the best season to discharge (排放) your body's toxins (毒素) and recover your energy.
One popular option is hotstone massage (按摩). Therapists use smooth and heated stones, usually river rocks, to massage certain parts of the body, or place them on key points of the body. The warmth of the hot stones will improve blood circulation and also help relax muscles, while sweating is also believed to be good for discharging the body's toxins.
Another popular option is hotstone baths. The hotstone bath will help the body discharge toxins and humidity that accumulated during the last winter. Summer is the best season to build a good body. Rather than use water or steam to heat and wash the body, people simply wear a coat or something comfortable, and then lie on heated stone tablets made of hot stones, which are warmed to around 45℃. The body will gradually warm up and blood circulation will also be improved. More sweat will come out quickly. The sweat is smooth and fresh, not smelly like that released after sports activities. Such baths bring a number of health benefits, such as antiaging, improved blood circulation and stress relief. The slimming effect of dieting can even be promoted.
Using hot stones for healing dates back to ancient times, but the modern renewal of hotstone massage is generally credited to Mary Nelson, a native of Tucson, Arizona, America, whose trademark is “LaStone Therapy”.
The therapy is gaining wide popularity with many people, especially those who have jobs in cool airconditioned rooms. The hotstone therapy can help cure many diseases, including back pain.
5．Which of the following could be the best title for the text?
A．The origin and development of the hotstone therapy
B．The amazing functions of the hotstone therapy
C．A healthy and comfortable lifestyle
D．How to live comfortably in summer
6．What do people do to release toxins in our body according to the text?
A．Washing the body with cold water.
B．Discharging lots of sweat.
C．Relaxing muscles.
D．Lying on the warm beds.
7．What can we know from the text?
A．Sports have greater effects on the health than hotstone massage.
B．There are no toxins and humidity in the body in summer.
C．Using water of about 45℃ to wash the body is good for the health.
D．People should take advantage of summer to improve their health.
8．What can be learned about the hotstone therapy?
A．It was invented by Mary Nelson,an American.
B．It successfully cured many people of cancer.
C．It is popular with people with its excellent effects.
D．It can help people avoid sweating too much in hot summer.
【答案】5．B 6．B 7．D 8．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者主要介绍了热石疗法的对人们身体健康的益处。
5．标题判断题。根据第二段“One popular option is hotstone massage (按摩). ”（一个受欢迎的选择是热石按摩）可知这是这段的主题句。以及第三段的“Another popular option is hotstone baths.”（另一个受欢迎的选择就是热石洗浴）可知这是这段的主题句。再根据最后一段“The hotstone therapy can help cure many diseases，including back pain.”（热石疗法可以帮助治疗许多疾病，包括背部疼痛。）可知整篇文章都是围绕热石疗法的好处来展开的。所以这篇文章最好的标题可能是热石疗法的神奇功能。故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段“The hotstone bath will help the body discharge toxins and humidity that accumulated during the last winter.”（热石浴有助于人体排出去年冬天积累的毒素和湿气。）可知人们通过排出大量的汗水来释放体内的毒素。故选B。
7．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“While people are annoyed by it，experts suggest summer is the best season to discharge (排放) your body's toxins (毒素) and recover your energy.”（虽然人们对此感到恼火，但专家建议，夏天是排出体内毒素、恢复精力的最佳季节。）可知通过这篇文章我们可以知道人们应该利用夏天来增进健康。故选D。
8．细节理解题。根据最后一段“The therapy is gaining wide popularity with many people，especially those who have jobs in cool airconditioned rooms.The hotstone therapy can help cure many diseases，including back pain.”（这种疗法在很多人中越来越受欢迎，尤其是那些在冷气房工作的人。热石疗法可以帮助治愈许多疾病，包括背痛。）可知关于热石疗法我们可以了解到它以其良好的效果受到人们的欢迎。故选C。
二、完形填空：（每题1分，共计15分）
“This is the emergency room calling and your son was just brought in with severe burns. We have called for a ( n) 9 and are going to fly him to Seattle." Seattle was 350 miles from his college , so we knew immediately this was 10
The doctor described the 11 ,which caused the burns. At 6 a.m. , our son and his friends decided to barbecue hamburgers. When they 12 the charcoal (木炭), it burst into flames because of the sprayed petrol. The flames shot to my son's head.
13 , one boy was quick -minded, grasped my son, and 14 him on the grass. While he saved his life , there was not enough 15 to save him from fearful burns.
After he recovered, the doctors told him they would not do plastic surgery (整容) for 6 months 16 it takes that long for the skin to stop shrinking and wrinkling. So, he had to return to college with scars (伤疤) .
When I was a child, my mother told my sister who had a 10-inch very 17 scar on her arm,' "Nancy, if you ignore the scar, other people will ignore it. It does not mean they will not 18 it, but it means it will not matter to them if it doesn't matter to you.
I passed this wisdom on to my son. He took my advice to 19 and returned to school with his head held high- glad he was alive. Later, he thought the scars did not matter and made the 20 to give up any plastic surgery.
We all have “scars” that we believe 21 people to keep away from us. But you see, people will only judge you by your looks, or your clothes, if you are judging yourself by these same 22 standards. Put your imperfections out of your mind and concentrate on what you value 23 yourself, and your beauty will shine through.
9．A．airplane B．hospital C．doctor D．ambulance
10．A．optimist B．cautious C．severe D．complex
11．A．event B．accident C．reason D．process
12．A．got B．moved C．burned D．lit
13．A．Happily B．Surprisingly C．Fortunately D．Slowly
14．A．pushed B．rolled C．dropped D．threw
15．A．space B．time C．room D．place
16．A．if B．while C．because D．although
17．A．specific B．violent C．obvious D．cruel
18．A．mention B．notice C．reject D．blame
19．A．mind B．life C．spirit D．heart
20．A．attempt B．effort C．decision D．conclusion
21．A．invite B．cause C．allow D．remind
22．A．casual B．tough C．false D．general
23．A．by B．over C．beyond D．within
【答案】
9．A 10．C 11．B 12．D 13．C 14．B 15．B 16．C 17．C 18．B 19．D 20．C 21．B 22．C 23．D
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者的儿子在一次意外事故中被严重烧伤，在作者的劝说下，他昂首挺胸地返回了学校，并放弃了整容手术，因为他认识到人真正的魅力是从内心流露出来的。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们已经叫了一架飞机，准备送他去西雅图。A. airplane飞机；B. hospital医院；C. doctor医生；D. ambulance救护车。根据本句后半部分的“fly him to Seattle”可知对方已经联系好了“飞机”，打算把作者的儿子送往西雅图治疗。故选A项。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：西雅图离他的大学有350英里，所以我们马上就知道情况很严重。A. optimist乐观主义者；B. cautious谨慎的；C. severe严重的；D. complex复杂的。根据上文“Seattle was 350 miles from his college”可知，将儿子送往350英里以外的西雅图去接受治疗，作者意识到烧伤很严重。故选C项。
11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：医生描述了引起烧伤的事故。A. event事件；B. accident事故；C. reason原因；D. process过程。根据下文“it burst into flames because of the sprayed petrol. The flames shot to my son's head”可知，喷了汽油的木炭的火焰烧着了作者的儿子，因此，作者的儿子被烧伤是“意外事故”。故选B项。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们点燃木炭时，由于喷了汽油，它突然起火了。A. got得到；B. moved移动；C. burned燃烧；D. lit点燃。根据本句后半部分的内容“it burst into flames”可知，他们是“点燃”木炭，然而木炭燃烧起来。故选D项。
13．考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，有个小男孩很机灵，一把抓住我的儿子，让他在草地上滚动。A. Happily幸福地；B. Surprisingly令人惊讶地；C. Fortunately幸运地；D. Slowly慢慢地。根据下文“he saved his life”可知，当时一个孩子及时采取行动，挽救了作者儿子的生命，这对于儿子来说是“幸运的”。故选C项。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，有个小男孩很机灵，一把抓住我的儿子，让他在草地上滚动。A. pushed推；B. rolled滚动；C. dropped掉落；D. threw扔。根据上文“The flames shot to my son's head.”和下文“he saved his life”可知，那个孩子的目的是想扑灭作者儿子身上的大火，由此可推断他是让作者的儿子在草地上“滚动”。故选B项。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然他救了儿子的命，却没有足够的时间把他从可怕的烧伤中拯救出来。A. space空间；B. time时间；C. room房间；D. place地方。根据上文“The flames shot to my son's head.”可知，那个孩子不能有足够的时间去挽救作者的儿子不被烧伤。故选B项。
16．考查连词词义辨析。句意：康复后，医生告诉他，他们在6个月内不能做整形手术，因为皮肤要过6个月才能停止收缩和皱纹。A. if如果；B. while尽管；C. because因为；D. although虽然。根据“they would not do plastic surgery (整容) for 6 months 8 it takes that long for the skin to stop shrinking and wrinkling”可知，不能在6个月内进行整容手术与皮肤的恢复存在因果关系，即这里是在说六个月之内不能进行整容的原因。故选C项。
17．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我的母亲告诉我的妹妹（她的手臂上有一个10英寸的伤疤，非常明显）：“南希，如果你忽视这个伤疤，其他人也会忽视它。这并不意味着他们不会注意到这件事，而是意味着如果这件事对你不重要，对他们也不重要。” A. specific具体的；B. violent暴力的；C. obvious明显的；D. cruel残酷的。根据“had a 10-inch very 9 scar on her arm”和常识可知，如果胳膊上有一条10英寸长的伤疤，它一定是非常“明显的”。故选C项。
18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我的母亲告诉我的妹妹（她的手臂上有一个10英寸的伤疤，非常明显）：“南希，如果你忽视这个伤疤，其他人也会忽视它。这并不意味着他们不会注意到这件事，而是意味着如果这件事对你不重要，对他们也不重要。” A. mention 提及；B. notice注意；C. reject拒绝；D. blame责备。根据“It does not mean they will not 10 it, but it means it will not matter to them if it doesn't matter to you.”可知，伤疤很长，别人不会看不到，但是如果自己不把伤疤放在心上，其他人也不会关注的，但这并不意味着他们没有“注意到”伤疤的存在。故选B项。
19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他把我的建议记在了心理，昂着头回到了学校——很高兴自己还活着。A. mind理智；B. life生命；C. spirit精神；D. heart心灵。根据下文“returned to school with his head held high-glad he was alive”可知，作者的儿子昂首挺胸地返回了学校，说明他将妈妈的建议牢牢地记在了“心”中。take…to heart把……放在心里。故选D项。
20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，他认为伤疤并不重要，决定放弃任何整容手术。A. attempt尝试；B. effort努力；C. decision决定；D. conclusion结论。根据上文“he thought the scars did not matter”可知，作者的儿子六个月后才可以整容，而此时的他认为自己的伤疤已经无关紧要，因此“决定”放弃任何整容手术。故选C项。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们都有伤疤，我们认为这些伤疤会让人远离我们。A. invite邀请；B. cause造成；C. allow允许；D. remind提醒。根据下文“people to keep away from us”可知，人们会远离我们，这是我们的“疤痕”带来的结果，此处填cause构成cause sb. to do sth.结构。故选B项。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是你看，如果你用同样的错误标准来评价自己，人们只会通过你的外表或你的衣服来评价你。A. casual随意的；B. tough困难的；C. false错误的； D. general一般的。根据上文“But you see, people will only judge you by your looks, or your clothes”可知，外表和衣着是露在外面的，它们就像伤疤一样，你在乎它，别人也在乎，因此可推断出外表和衣着这样的评判标准就像伤疤一样是不可取的，即错误的。故选C项。
23．考查介词词义辨析。句意：把你的不完美抛到脑后，专注于你内在的价值，你的美丽就会熠熠发光。A. by通过；B. over超过；C. beyond超出；D. within在……里面。根据上文“Put your imperfections out of your mind”可知，imperfections指的是上文提到的“烧伤，伤疤”，要把这些外在的不完美抛在脑后，因此作者关注的是内在的价值和美。故选D项。
三、语法填空：（每题1.5分，共计15分）
If you get injured in a sport, what should you do? The best way 24 (deal) with sport injuries is to keep them from 25 (happen) in the first place. Knowing the rules of the game and using right 26 (equip) can help you avoid injuries. If you’ve got injured, pull 27 (you) out of the game or stop doing your activity. Let your coach or parents know what has happened in case you need to see a doctor. Serious head and neck injuries happen most often to the athletes 28 play sports like football. Keep the injured person still with his or her head 29 (hold) straight while someone calls for medical help. If the person 30 (lie) on the ground, do not try to move him or her.
Your first question after a sport injury will 31 (probable) be, “When can I play again?” This depends on the injury and 32 your doctor tells you. Even if you can’t return to your sport right away, the doctor might have advice on what you can do to stay healthy. Always talk with your doctor 33 trying any activity following an injury.
【答案】
24．to deal 25．happening 26．equipment 27．yourself 28．who/that 29．held 30．is lying 31．probably 32．what 33．before
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在运动中受伤时，如何自救或救助他人。
【详解】24．考查非谓语动词。句意：应对运动损伤的最好方法就是在一开始就避免它们的发生。此处用动词不定式作way的后置定语，the way to do sth.意为“做某事的方法”。故填to deal。
25．考查非谓语动词。句意：应对运动损伤的最好方法就是在一开始就避免它们的发生。设空处作from的宾语，应用动名词形式，keep...from doing...“阻止……做……”。故填happening。
26．考查名词。句意：了解比赛规则并使用正确的设备可以帮助你避免受伤。use为及物动词，后面缺少宾语，故使用equip的名词形式equipment，且为不可数名词，故填equipment。
27．考查反身代词。句意：如果你受伤了，就退出比赛或者停止活动。“pull 4 out of the game”为祈使句，省略了主语you(你)，pull为及物动词，故后面使用反身代词yourself作宾语。故填yourself。
28．考查定语从句。句意：严重的头部和颈部损伤最常发生在从事像足球这样的体育运动的运动员身上。设空处引导限制性定语从句，athletes为先行词，指人，从句缺少主语，故使用who或that来引导定语从句。故填who/that。
29．考查非谓语动词。句意：当有人打电话请求医疗救助时，保持伤者不动，头部挺直。此处是with复合结构，with+宾语+宾语补足语，因为hold和his or her head构成逻辑上的被动关系，故使用过去分词held作宾语补足语。故填held。
30．考查动词的时态。句意：如果这个人正躺在地上，不要试图移动他或她。此处If引导条件状语从句，从句缺少谓语，根据句意可知，此处强调的是这个人正躺在地上时的应对措施，故使用现在进行时，主语是单数，故填is lying。
31．考查副词。句意：在运动受伤之后，你的第一个问题可能是:“我什么时候能再打球？”此处应用副词作状语修饰be动词，故填probably。
32．考查宾语从句。句意：这取决于你的伤势和医生告诉你的情况。设空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作tells的直接宾语，表示“……的事情”，应用what来引导。故填what。
33．考查介词。句意：受伤后尝试任何活动之前总是要和你的医生谈谈。根据句意可知应填介词before，表示“在……之前”，故填before。
四、书面表达:（共计15分）
34．上周末你和朋友小敏去爬山，途中，她不慎摔倒，磕到一块锋利的石头，左腿被划出一道较深的伤口，你利用急救课上学到的知识，简单帮小敏处理了伤口。请你根据此次经历写一篇短文，给校英文网站“Safety”专栏投稿，内容包括：
1.发生事故的时间和地点；
2.实施急救的具体过程；
3.掌握急救知识的必要性。
注意：写作词数应为80左右。
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【答案】
Last weekend I was climbing Mount Wuyi with my friend Xiaomin when she fell over and cut her left leg open on a sharp block of stone.
The moment the accident happened, I applied first aid immediately. Firstly, I applied pressure to her left leg using a clean and dry towel for several minutes to stop the bleeding. When the wound had stopped bleeding, I cleaned her wound with a bottle of water carefully. Lastly, I gently patted the area dry using a clean towel.
From the experience, we realize that more attention should be paid to first aid skills.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生根据上周末自己和朋友小敏去爬山、因意外事故自己用急救知识帮助受伤小敏的经历写一篇短文，给校英文网站“Safety”专栏投稿。
【详解】1.词汇激活
首先：firstly→first of all
仔细地：carefully→with care
意识到：realise that...→be aware that...
立即：immediately→in no time
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：From the experience, we realize that more attention should be paid to first aid skills.
拓展句：What we learn from the experience is that more attention should be paid to first aid skills.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The moment the accident happened, I applied first aid immediately. (运用了The moment引导的时间状语从句)
【高分句型2】 From the experience, we realize that more attention should be paid to first aid skills.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)
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