Unit 4-6 期中考试语法填空复习 2026-2027学年高中英语外研版选择性必修第一册

语法填空专项答题纸 XBOOK 1 Unit 4-5 班级： 姓名： 学号： 基础过关 U4课文语法填空 2 3 5. 6. 7. 9 10 U5课文语法填空 2. 4. 5 6. 7. 8 10. U6课文语法填空 2 6 8 9 10 能力提升 A篇 2 4. 6. 8 9 10 B篇 1. 6. 7. 10 C篇 1 4 5. 7. 8. 9. 10. 2语法填空专项 选必一 Unit 4-6 基础巩固 U4课文语法填空 U4答案 1.what　考查名词性从句。分析句子可知,设空处引导宾语从句,作介词about的宾语,从句缺少主语且表示“……的事物”,应用引导词what。 2.whose　考查非限制性定语从句。设空处无提示词,空前有逗号,且逗号前的句子意思完整,不缺成分,结合句意“弗洛伦泰因·霍夫曼是一位荷兰艺术家,他(创作)的大型雕塑在世界各地展出。”可知,本空引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Florentijn Hofman,关系词在从句中作定语,修饰名词sculptures,故本空应用关系代词whose。 3.passed　考查过去分词。本句已有谓语,故本空应用非谓语动词。此处表示“世代相传的中国民间故事”,设空处在句中作后置定语,修饰名词短语Chinese folk tales。pass down和被修饰的名词短语之间为被动关系,故应用过去分词形式。 4.particularly　考查副词。本空修饰形容词interested,故应用副词。 5.for　考查介词。be best-known for意为“因为……而最出名”,故填for。 U4答案 6.to experience　考查不定式。本句主语为不定式短语,本空在句中作表语,表示具体、个别的动作,结合句式特点可知本空应用不定式形式作表语。 7.herself　考查反身代词。dedicate oneself to...意为“致力于;献身于”,所给提示词为she,故本空应用反身代词herself。 8.has demonstrated　考查时态和主谓一致。设空处为本句的谓语,根据句中的“since childhood”可知,此处应用现在完成时,主语Dao为第三人称单数,故填has demonstrated。 9.inspiration　考查名词。设空处作主语,且根据空前的Her可知,此处应用名词形式,表示“灵感”,故填inspiration。 10.amazing　考查形容词。设空处作定语,修饰名词dances,表示“了不起的”,故填amazing。 U5课文语法填空 As a young man, Charles Darwin was regarded as a disgrace to his family. However, his adventures on 　1________　ship, the Beagle, would lead to one of the most important scientific 　2________　(discovery) of all time.   The journey offered Darwin a good opportunity 　3________　(study) the living things in their natural environments. He was so fascinated by rocks, plants and animals that he got his room crowded with samples. At that time, it was believed that all species 　4________　(appear) on Earth at the same time and hadn't changed since. Through his careful observation, Darwin began to think 　5________　(different). He noticed that the beaks of the finches had some differences on each of the islands according 　6________　 what they ate. So he thought they must have evolved from a common ancestor, and 　7　 ________they had evolved to adapt to the environment.  Darwin based his new ideas on his observation and generated his theory of 　8________　(evolve). The book, On the Origin of Species, explained his theory, 　9________　(cause) a heated storm of debate. Today, it is still regarded as one of the most important works ever 　10________　(write).  U5答案 1.the　考查冠词。此处特指“贝格尔号”这艘船,故本空应用定冠词the。 2.discoveries　考查名词复数。根据空前one of可知,本空应用名词复数形式。 3.to study　考查不定式。此处表示“做某事的好机会”,设空处作后置定语修饰抽象名词opportunity,故应用不定式形式。 类比启发 　　opportunity、chance、decision、wish、promise、plan、attempt、effort、right(权利)、ability等表示机会、愿望、企图、打算、能力等意义的词后常用不定式作后置定语。 4.had appeared　考查时态。分析句子可知,设空处为that引导的主语从句的谓语,appear表示的动作发生在was believed之前,表示“过去的过去”,故本空应用过去完成时。 5.differently　考查副词。本空修饰动词think,故应用副词形式。 U5答案 6.to　考查介词。according to意为“根据,按照”。 7.that　考查连词。分析句子可知,thought后接由and连接的并列的宾语从句,第一个that可省略,第二个that不可省略,that没有实际意义,只起连接作用。故填that。 8.evolution　考查名词。根据空前介词of可知,本空应用名词形式。 9.causing　考查动词的-ing形式。分析句子可知,本句已有谓语explained,故此处应用非谓语动词。本空在句中作结果状语,表示自然而然的结果,故应用动词的-ing形式。 10.written　考查过去分词。本空在句中作定语,修饰名词works,动词write和works之间为被动关系,故本空应用过去分词形式。 U6课文语法填空 Sitting back in my seat, I'm so excited that I'm about to travel along the railway that was called “impossible” by many foreign experts. The train runs fast and 　1__________　(steady) across the “roof of the world”.  It took years to build the Qinghai-Xizang Railway, 　2___________　 is a record of all of Chinese people's efforts to overcome the most difficult challenges. The first landmark 3___________　(catch) my eye is the Qingshuihe Bridge. To prevent damage to wetlands and grasslands, 675 bridges 　4　_______(build) between Golmud and Lhasa. 　5___________　(locate) at over 5,000 metres above sea level, Tanggula Station 　6_______　(be) the highest railway station in the world. Several oxygen-making stations were constructed to make people stay 　7___________　(health). As we pass Cuona Lake, a sense of pride and 　8___________　(achieve) wells up in my heart. Along the lake we built a twenty-kilometre wall to protect the lake 　9　___________ construction waste.  I'm proud that we built our “impossible” railway. It truly is 　10　___________ extraordinary “Sky Railway”.  U6答案 1.steadily　考查副词。设空处与前面的fast并列,修饰动词runs,因此用副词形式。故填steadily。 2.which　考查定语从句。句意:青藏铁路历时多年建成,它记录了全中国人民克服最困难的挑战的努力。设空处无提示词,空前的句子意思完整,不缺成分,与后面的句子用逗号隔开,且空后句子缺少主语,由此可推测设空处引导非限制性定语从句。先行词是the Qinghai-Xizang Railway,指物,设空处在从句中作主语,应用which引导该从句。 3.to catch　考查不定式。分析句子可知,该句中已有谓语动词is,故此处应用非谓语动词。这里表示“第一个引起我注意的地标是清水河大桥”,名词landmark前面有序数词first修饰,故此处应用不定式作后置定语。 4.were built　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:为了防止对湿地和草原的破坏,格尔木和拉萨之间修建了675架桥梁。 本句叙述的是过去发生的事情,且675 bridges与build之间是被动关系,故应用一般过去时的被动语态;主语675 bridges表示复数意义,故填were built。 U6答案 5.Located　考查过去分词。句意:唐古拉站位于海拔五千多米处,是世界上最高的火车站。本句主语Tanggula Station与locate之间为被动关系,应用过去分词作状语,设空处位于句首,首字母应大写。故填Located。 6.is　考查时态和主谓一致。此处表示客观事实,应用一般现在时,主语Tanggula Station表示单数意义,故填is。 7.healthy　考查形容词。由空前的连系动词stay可知,此处应用形容词构成系表结构。故填healthy。 8.achievement　考查名词。and为并列连词, 连接前后两个并列成分,句中and前面为名词pride,故后面也应该用名词achievement。 9.from　考查介词。protect...from...意为“保护……免受……”。 10.an　考查冠词。句意:它确实是一条非凡的“天路”。此处表示泛指,且extraordinary 以元音音素开头,故本空应用不定冠词an。 能力提升 02 A篇 As an enthusiast of Chinese architecture, I've always considered sharing its beauty with international audiences in a way that truly resonates (引起共鸣), so I came back to China 1__________ (pursue) a doctoral degree and continue exploring 2__________ ancient buildings can be understood and cared for as living heritage. Gradually, I came to understand that the future of urban development lies in integrating heritage with innovation 3 __________ in finding vivid ways to tell the stories behind historic buildings. Later, I helped initiate "WETrip", which was a student-led series of events 4__________ (present) traditional Chinese culture to both Chinese and international students. One of the highlights is "WETrip: Xiannongtan, The Beauty of Ancient Architecture". On Thursday, we, in company 5__________ 45 students from different countries, visited Xiannongtan, one of the 15 heritage components of the Beijing Central Axis. After the tour, hands-on activities 6__________ (stage), where students tried to build mortise-and-tenon (榫卯) models and experimented with digital conservation tools. "Involving 7__________ (I) in building the wooden structure helped me better understand Chinese culture, which was truly valuable," said a US student. The experience made me realize architecture is more than structures — it is a 8__________ (collect) treasure of humanity. Ancient buildings carry the stories of history, craftsmanship, and cultural values and are the 9__________ (reflect) of the wisdom of generations. Although materials like wood, stone, and paint may weather over time, the spirit attached to these structures still 10__________ (last). 【篇章导读】文章讲述了喜爱中国建筑的作者回国攻读博士，发起面向中外学生的 WETrip 文化活动，带领各国学生走进先农坛体验古建筑，感悟建筑是人类共同宝藏，其中的文化精神经久不衰。 1 考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一名中国建筑爱好者，我一直希望用一种能真正打动人心的方式向国际友人展现中国建筑之美，于是我回到中国攻读博士学位，并继续探索古建筑该如何作为活遗产被人们理解与保护。句子已有谓语，空处是非谓语，"攻读博士学位" 是谓语行为的目的，因此用不定式形式 to pursue，作目的状语。 2 考查宾语从句。句意：作为一名中国建筑爱好者，我一直希望用一种能真正打动人心的方式向国际友人展现中国建筑之美，于是我回到中国攻读博士学位，并继续探索古建筑该如何作为活遗产被人们理解与保护。 空处引导名词性从句作 exploring 的宾语，结合上文的 "sharing its beauty with international audiences in a way that truly resonates (引起共鸣)" 可知，从句中缺少方式状语，空处需表达 "如何，怎样"，应用连接副词 how作引导词。 3 考查连词。句意：渐渐地我意识到，城市发展的未来在于将遗产保护与创新相结合，同时找到生动的方式去讲述古建筑背后的故事。空处连接两个并列的介词短语 in integrating... 和 in finding...，两者之间是并列关系，应用并列连词 and。 4 考查非谓语动词。句意：后来，我协助发起了 "WETrip" 系列活动，这是由学生主导的活动，面向中外学生展示中国传统文化。句子已有谓语，空处是非谓语，作 events 的后置定语，present "展示" 和 events 逻辑上是主动关系，因此用现在分词形式 presenting。 5 考查介词。句意：周四，我们和来自不同国家的 45 名学生一同参观了先农坛，它是北京中轴线 15 处遗产构成要素之一。结合空后的 "45 students" 可知，此处为固定搭配 in company with，意为 "和…… 一起"，所以此处使用介词 with。 6 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：参观结束后，现场开展了实操体验活动，学生们尝试搭建榫卯模型，还体验了数字化保护工具。空处作句子的谓语，结合下文的 "tried" 可知，时态应用一般过去时，stage "举办" 和主语 hands-on activities 之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是复数名词，be 动词应用 were。 7 考查代词。句意：一名美国学生说："亲身参与搭建这个木构模型，让我更好地理解了中国文化，这段经历十分珍贵。" 此处 Involving "(使) 参加，加入" 这一动作的实施者和承受者为同一人，空处应用反身代词 myself，意为 "我自己"。 8 考查形容词。句意：这段经历让我意识到，建筑不只是构筑物，它是人类共同的财富。空处修饰 treasure 的定语，形容词 collective 符合题意，意为 "集体的"。 9 考查名词。句意：古建筑承载着历史、工艺与文化价值的故事，是一代代人智慧的体现。空处作表语，且空前有定冠词 the，名词 reflection 符合题意，意为 "反映，体现"。 10 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：尽管木材、石材、彩绘等材料会随着岁月侵蚀老化，但附着在这些建筑上的精神依旧长存。空处作句子的谓语，此处在描述一般性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，且主语 the spirit 是单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数 lasts。 B篇 With the world’s population 1.________ （grow）, the only way to reduce the enormous greenhouse gas emissions （排放物） from farming is to make food production ever more efficient.2._____________ （unfortunate）, efficiency gains have stalled （停滞） since 2010, meaning farming emissions and deforestation could rise sharply as the demand for food continues to grow. Ma Lin at the Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences and his colleagues 3._________ analysed existing data to estimate greenhouse gas emissions per unit of protein produced between 1961 and 2019 reached this 4.__________ （conclude）.They chose protein rather than calories because it is a 5.______ （good） measure of food quality, says Ma. Between 1961 and 2010, greenhouse gas emissions per unit of protein produced 6.____ （fall）by two-thirds, the team found. But since then, there have been no further improvements and there are even some 7.______ （sign） of an increase. Farming is responsible 8.____ around a third of all greenhouse gas emissions and the demand for food is projected to rise by up to 50% by 2050.And researchers warn that a lack of further improvement in farming efficiency will result in a 50% rise in related emissions. What’s more, 9.___ the efficiency of farming isn’t improving, the only way to increase production is to clear more land for farms, they say, 10.________ （lead） to yet more deforestation and loss of biodiversity. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了随着世界人口的增长，减少农业排放的温室气体的重要性以及当前面临的挑战。 1. growing解析　句意为：随着世界人口的增长，减少农业产生的大量温室气体排放物的唯一途径是使粮食生产更加高效。此处为 with 复合结构，在句中作状语，表示 "随着世界人口的增长"，the world's population 和 grow 之间是逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填 growing。 2. Unfortunately解析　句意为：不幸的是，自 2010 年以来，（粮食生产）效率的增长已经停滞，这意味着随着对食物的需求持续增长，农业排放物和森林砍伐可能会急剧增加。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用副词作状语，修饰整个句子，意为 "不幸地"，且空处位于句首。故填 Unfortunately。 3. who/that解析　句意为：中国科学院广州地球化学研究所的马林和他的同事们分析了现有数据以估算 1961 年至 2019 年间每单位蛋白质产生的温室气体排放量，得出了这一结论。设空处引导定语从句，先行词指人，且从句缺少主语，应用关系代词 who 或 that 引导该从句。故填 who/that。 4. conclusion解析　句意见上一题解析。设空处作 reached 的宾语，且其前有 this 修饰，应用名词单数形式 conclusion，意为 "结论"。故填 conclusion。 5. better解析　句意为：他们选择蛋白质而不是卡路里，因为它是衡量食物质量的一个更好的标准，马林说。分析句子结构可知，设空处修饰名词 measure，应用形容词；根据语境和句意可知，此处表示 "更好的标准"，所以应用 good 的比较级 better。 6. fell解析　句意为：该团队发现，1961 年至 2010 年间，每单位蛋白质产生的温室气体排放量减少了三分之二。分析句子结构可知，此处为句子的谓语动词，根据时间状语 Between 1961 and 2010 可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填 fell。 7. signs解析　句意为：但自那以后，就没有进一步的改善了，甚至还有一些增加的迹象。设空处作 there be 句型的主语，由 are 可知，此处应填 signs。 8. for解析　句意为：农业所产生的温室气体排放物占总量的三分之一左右，到 2050 年，食物需求预计将增加高达 50%。be responsible for 为固定短语，意为 "是…… 的原因；导致"。 9. if解析　句意为：此外，他们说，如果农业效率没有提高，增加产量的唯一方法就是为农场清理更多的土地，这将导致更多的森林砍伐以及生物多样性减少。分析句子结构可知，此处引导条件状语从句，表示 "如果"，应用连词 if 引导该从句。故填 if。 10. leading解析　句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知，主句中已有系动词 is，且其与设空处之间无连词连接，设空处须用非谓语动词，此处作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，应用现在分词形式。故填 leading。 C篇 An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, 1._______ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. Go is one of 2.____ earliest binary-based （基于二元的） games. The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu Ningning, who is in charge of the exhibition. “The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,” says Tu.“We hope 3.__________ （present） the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.” “In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your ‘4._________ （guide）’ till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition. “The players’ personalities 5.____________ （reveal） during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds.“A decent winner always 6._____ （try） to beat the opponent 7.____ no more than one or two points as a gesture （姿态） of respect for the other side.”Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the 8._________________ （strategy） placement of the pieces, 9._____ the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, 10.________ （digital） generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition. 语篇导读：本文主要报道了一场以围棋为主题的展览，该展览汇集了围棋文化、前沿科技与当代艺术，在视觉语境中呈现抽象的围棋游戏与人工智能，并以此与极简主义艺术、概念艺术和表现主义展开对话。 1. which解析　句意为：上海久事美术馆正在举办一场展览，展出以围棋为灵感的艺术品，在中文中被称为 weiqi，围棋起源于 4,000 多年前的中国。分析句子成分并结合句意可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是 Go，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词 which 引导该从句。故填 which。 2. the解析　句意为：围棋是最早的基于二元体系的游戏之一。earliest 是形容词最高级，前面须加定冠词 the。此处为 "one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数" 结构，意为 "最…… 的…… 之一"。故填 the。 3. to present解析　句意为：我们希望在视觉语境中呈现相当抽象的围棋游戏和人工智能，并与极简主义艺术、概念艺术和表现主义展开对话。hope to do sth 是固定搭配，意为 "希望做某事"。故填 to present。 4. guidance解析　句意为："在一场围棋比赛中，每一步都应服务于长远目标。你要设法引导对手落入你的陷阱，迫使他们遵循你的 ' 指引 '，直至他们落败。" 展览参观者中的一名围棋棋手王伟（音译）解释道。分析句子成分可知，设空处作 follow 的宾语，前有形容词性物主代词 your 修饰，设空处应用名词，guide 的名词形式为 guidance，意为 "指导；引导"，为不可数名词。故填 guidance。 5. are revealed解析　句意为："在比赛中，棋手的个性会显露出来，而一个人的弱点也会暴露在对手面前。一个体面的胜利者总是尽力以不超过一分或两分的优势击败对手，以示对对方的尊重。" 她补充道。 分析句子成分并结合句意可知，设空处在 and 前的并列分句中作谓语，此处描述围棋比赛的特点，属于客观情况，应用一般现在时。主语中心词 personalities 是复数，且与 reveal 之间为被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。另外，此句中 and 前后两个分句是并列关系，因此通过 and 后一分句中的谓语 are exposed 也可得到暗示信息。故填 are revealed。 6. tries解析　句意见上一题解析。分析句子成分可知，设空处在句中作谓语；根据 always 可知此句应用一般现在时。主语 A decent winner 是单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填 tries。 7. by解析　句意见第 5 题解析。"beat sb by + 分数" 为固定结构，意为 "以…… 分击败某人"，此处指 "以不超过一分或两分的优势击败对手"。故填 by。 8. strategic/strategical解析　句意为：屠宁宁说，黑白棋子间的平衡、棋子战略性布局的美感，以及每一步落子后棋势的流转，激发了艺术家们为本次展览创作油画、雕塑、数字生成图画及丝网版画。分析句子成分可知，设空处作定语，修饰名词 placement，结合句意可知，应填形容词 strategic/strategical，意为 "策略的；战略性的"。 9. and解析　句意见上一题解析。分析句子成分可知，句中 "the balance…" "the beauty…" 与 "the energy flow…" 为宾语从句中的并列主语，应用 and 连接。故填 and。 10. digitally解析　句意见第 8 题解析。设空处修饰动词 generated，须用副词，digital 的副词形式为 digitally，意为 "数字化地"。故填 digitally。 $ 高二年级英语学科学练案 语法填空专项 班级： 姓名： 学号： 基础过关 U4课文语法填空 Every artist wants to create something that expresses an idea. Below we probe into more details about 　1　 influenced the successes of three different artists.  Florentijn Hofman is a Dutch artist, 　2　 large sculptures are exhibited around the world. Hofman's ideas for Floating Fish came from Chinese folk tales 　3　(pass) down through the generations. He was 　4　(particular) interested in the old story about a fish jumping through the “Dragon Gate”.  Chinese composer Tan Dun is best-known 　5　 composing music for the film Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon and the 2008 Beijing Olympics. To listen to Tan's music is 　6　(experience) a mix of Chinese musical traditions and Western influences.   Widely known as the “Peacock Princess”, Dao Meilan has dedicated 　7　(she) entirely to dancing. Dao 　8　(demonstrate) her dance talent since childhood. Her 　9　(inspire) has come from the rich cultural heritage and traditional stories of her home town, which often feature the peacock. She created 　10　(amaze) dances to bring out the charm of the beautiful birds and the local people's lives.   U5课文语法填空 As a young man, Charles Darwin was regarded as a disgrace to his family. However, his adventures on 　1　ship, the Beagle, would lead to one of the most important scientific 　2　(discovery) of all time.   The journey offered Darwin a good opportunity 　3　(study) the living things in their natural environments. He was so fascinated by rocks, plants and animals that he got his room crowded with samples. At that time, it was believed that all species 　4　(appear) on Earth at the same time and hadn't changed since. Through his careful observation, Darwin began to think 　5　(different). He noticed that the beaks of the finches had some differences on each of the islands according 　6　 what they ate. So he thought they must have evolved from a common ancestor, and 　7　 they had evolved to adapt to the environment.  Darwin based his new ideas on his observation and generated his theory of 　8　(evolve). The book, On the Origin of Species, explained his theory, 　9　(cause) a heated storm of debate. Today, it is still regarded as one of the most important works ever 　10　(write).  U6课文语法填空 Sitting back in my seat, I'm so excited that I'm about to travel along the railway that was called “impossible” by many foreign experts. The train runs fast and 　1　(steady) across the “roof of the world”.  It took years to build the Qinghai-Xizang Railway, 　2　 is a record of all of Chinese people's efforts to overcome the most difficult challenges. The first landmark 　3　(catch) my eye is the Qingshuihe Bridge. To prevent damage to wetlands and grasslands, 675 bridges 　4　(build) between Golmud and Lhasa. 　5　(locate) at over 5,000 metres above sea level, Tanggula Station 　6　(be) the highest railway station in the world. Several oxygen-making stations were constructed to make people stay 　7　(health). As we pass Cuona Lake, a sense of pride and 　8　(achieve) wells up in my heart. Along the lake we built a twenty-kilometre wall to protect the lake 　9　 construction waste.  I'm proud that we built our “impossible” railway. It truly is 　10　 extraordinary “Sky Railway”.  能力提升 A篇 As an enthusiast of Chinese architecture, I've always considered sharing its beauty with international audiences in a way that truly resonates (引起共鸣), so I came back to China 1__________ (pursue) a doctoral degree and continue exploring 2__________ ancient buildings can be understood and cared for as living heritage. Gradually, I came to understand that the future of urban development lies in integrating heritage with innovation 3 __________ in finding vivid ways to tell the stories behind historic buildings. Later, I helped initiate "WETrip", which was a student-led series of events 4__________ (present) traditional Chinese culture to both Chinese and international students. One of the highlights is "WETrip: Xiannongtan, The Beauty of Ancient Architecture". On Thursday, we, in company 5__________ 45 students from different countries, visited Xiannongtan, one of the 15 heritage components of the Beijing Central Axis. After the tour, hands-on activities 6__________ (stage), where students tried to build mortise-and-tenon (榫卯) models and experimented with digital conservation tools. "Involving 7__________ (I) in building the wooden structure helped me better understand Chinese culture, which was truly valuable," said a US student. The experience made me realize architecture is more than structures — it is a 8__________ (collect) treasure of humanity. Ancient buildings carry the stories of history, craftsmanship, and cultural values and are the 9__________ (reflect) of the wisdom of generations. Although materials like wood, stone, and paint may weather over time, the spirit attached to these structures still 10__________ (last). B篇 With the world’s population 1.________ （grow）, the only way to reduce the enormous greenhouse gas emissions （排放物） from farming is to make food production ever more efficient.2._____________ （unfortunate）, efficiency gains have stalled （停滞） since 2010, meaning farming emissions and deforestation could rise sharply as the demand for food continues to grow. Ma Lin at the Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences and his colleagues 3._________ analysed existing data to estimate greenhouse gas emissions per unit of protein produced between 1961 and 2019 reached this 4.__________ （conclude）.They chose protein rather than calories because it is a 5.______ （good） measure of food quality, says Ma. Between 1961 and 2010, greenhouse gas emissions per unit of protein produced 6.____ （fall）by two-thirds, the team found. But since then, there have been no further improvements and there are even some 7.______ （sign） of an increase. Farming is responsible 8.____ around a third of all greenhouse gas emissions and the demand for food is projected to rise by up to 50% by 2050.And researchers warn that a lack of further improvement in farming efficiency will result in a 50% rise in related emissions. What’s more, 9.___ the efficiency of farming isn’t improving, the only way to increase production is to clear more land for farms, they say, 10.________ （lead） to yet more deforestation and loss of biodiversity. C篇 An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, 1._______ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. Go is one of 2.____ earliest binary-based （基于二元的） games. The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu Ningning, who is in charge of the exhibition. “The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,” says Tu.“We hope 3.__________ （present） the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.” “In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your ‘4._________ （guide）’ till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition. “The players’ personalities 5.____________ （reveal） during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds.“A decent winner always 6._____ （try） to beat the opponent 7.____ no more than one or two points as a gesture （姿态） of respect for the other side.” Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the 8._________________ （strategy） placement of the pieces, 9._____ the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, 10.________ （digital） generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition. 答案 基础过关 U4答案 1.what　考查名词性从句。分析句子可知,设空处引导宾语从句,作介词about的宾语,从句缺少主语且表示“……的事物”,应用引导词what。 2.whose　考查非限制性定语从句。设空处无提示词,空前有逗号,且逗号前的句子意思完整,不缺成分,结合句意“弗洛伦泰因·霍夫曼是一位荷兰艺术家,他(创作)的大型雕塑在世界各地展出。”可知,本空引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Florentijn Hofman,关系词在从句中作定语,修饰名词sculptures,故本空应用关系代词whose。 3.passed　考查过去分词。本句已有谓语,故本空应用非谓语动词。此处表示“世代相传的中国民间故事”,设空处在句中作后置定语,修饰名词短语Chinese folk tales。pass down和被修饰的名词短语之间为被动关系,故应用过去分词形式。 4.particularly　考查副词。本空修饰形容词interested,故应用副词。 5.for　考查介词。be best-known for意为“因为……而最出名”,故填for。 6.to experience　考查不定式。本句主语为不定式短语,本空在句中作表语,表示具体、个别的动作,结合句式特点可知本空应用不定式形式作表语。 7.herself　考查反身代词。dedicate oneself to...意为“致力于;献身于”,所给提示词为she,故本空应用反身代词herself。 8.has demonstrated　考查时态和主谓一致。设空处为本句的谓语,根据句中的“since childhood”可知,此处应用现在完成时,主语Dao为第三人称单数,故填has demonstrated。 9.inspiration　考查名词。设空处作主语,且根据空前的Her可知,此处应用名词形式,表示“灵感”,故填inspiration。 10.amazing　考查形容词。设空处作定语,修饰名词dances,表示“了不起的”,故填amazing。 U5答案 1.the　考查冠词。此处特指“贝格尔号”这艘船,故本空应用定冠词the。 2.discoveries　考查名词复数。根据空前one of可知,本空应用名词复数形式。 3.to study　考查不定式。此处表示“做某事的好机会”,设空处作后置定语修饰抽象名词opportunity,故应用不定式形式。 类比启发 　　opportunity、chance、decision、wish、promise、plan、attempt、effort、right(权利)、ability等表示机会、愿望、企图、打算、能力等意义的词后常用不定式作后置定语。 4.had appeared　考查时态。分析句子可知,设空处为that引导的主语从句的谓语,appear表示的动作发生在was believed之前,表示“过去的过去”,故本空应用过去完成时。 5.differently　考查副词。本空修饰动词think,故应用副词形式。 6.to　考查介词。according to意为“根据,按照”。 7.that　考查连词。分析句子可知,thought后接由and连接的并列的宾语从句,第一个that可省略,第二个that不可省略,that没有实际意义,只起连接作用。故填that。 8.evolution　考查名词。根据空前介词of可知,本空应用名词形式。 9.causing　考查动词的-ing形式。分析句子可知,本句已有谓语explained,故此处应用非谓语动词。本空在句中作结果状语,表示自然而然的结果,故应用动词的-ing形式。 10.written　考查过去分词。本空在句中作定语,修饰名词works,动词write和works之间为被动关系,故本空应用过去分词形式。 U6答案 1.steadily　考查副词。设空处与前面的fast并列,修饰动词runs,因此用副词形式。故填steadily。 2.which　考查定语从句。句意:青藏铁路历时多年建成,它记录了全中国人民克服最困难的挑战的努力。设空处无提示词,空前的句子意思完整,不缺成分,与后面的句子用逗号隔开,且空后句子缺少主语,由此可推测设空处引导非限制性定语从句。先行词是the Qinghai-Xizang Railway,指物,设空处在从句中作主语,应用which引导该从句。 3.to catch　考查不定式。分析句子可知,该句中已有谓语动词is,故此处应用非谓语动词。这里表示“第一个引起我注意的地标是清水河大桥”,名词landmark前面有序数词first修饰,故此处应用不定式作后置定语。 4.were built　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:为了防止对湿地和草原的破坏,格尔木和拉萨之间修建了675架桥梁。 本句叙述的是过去发生的事情,且675 bridges与build之间是被动关系,故应用一般过去时的被动语态;主语675 bridges表示复数意义,故填were built。 5.Located　考查过去分词。句意:唐古拉站位于海拔五千多米处,是世界上最高的火车站。本句主语Tanggula Station与locate之间为被动关系,应用过去分词作状语,设空处位于句首,首字母应大写。故填Located。 6.is　考查时态和主谓一致。此处表示客观事实,应用一般现在时,主语Tanggula Station表示单数意义,故填is。 7.healthy　考查形容词。由空前的连系动词stay可知,此处应用形容词构成系表结构。故填healthy。 8.achievement　考查名词。and为并列连词, 连接前后两个并列成分,句中and前面为名词pride,故后面也应该用名词achievement。 9.from　考查介词。protect...from...意为“保护……免受……”。 10.an　考查冠词。句意:它确实是一条非凡的“天路”。此处表示泛指,且extraordinary 以元音音素开头,故本空应用不定冠词an。 能力提升 A篇 1.to pursue　2. how　3. and　4. presenting　5. with　 6. were staged 7. myself 8. collective　9. reflection　10. lasts　　　　　　　　　　　 【篇章导读】文章讲述了喜爱中国建筑的作者回国攻读博士，发起面向中外学生的 WETrip 文化活动，带领各国学生走进先农坛体验古建筑，感悟建筑是人类共同宝藏，其中的文化精神经久不衰。 1 考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一名中国建筑爱好者，我一直希望用一种能真正打动人心的方式向国际友人展现中国建筑之美，于是我回到中国攻读博士学位，并继续探索古建筑该如何作为活遗产被人们理解与保护。句子已有谓语，空处是非谓语，"攻读博士学位" 是谓语行为的目的，因此用不定式形式 to pursue，作目的状语。 2 考查宾语从句。句意：作为一名中国建筑爱好者，我一直希望用一种能真正打动人心的方式向国际友人展现中国建筑之美，于是我回到中国攻读博士学位，并继续探索古建筑该如何作为活遗产被人们理解与保护。 空处引导名词性从句作 exploring 的宾语，结合上文的 "sharing its beauty with international audiences in a way that truly resonates (引起共鸣)" 可知，从句中缺少方式状语，空处需表达 "如何，怎样"，应用连接副词 how作引导词。 3 考查连词。句意：渐渐地我意识到，城市发展的未来在于将遗产保护与创新相结合，同时找到生动的方式去讲述古建筑背后的故事。空处连接两个并列的介词短语 in integrating... 和 in finding...，两者之间是并列关系，应用并列连词 and。 4 考查非谓语动词。句意：后来，我协助发起了 "WETrip" 系列活动，这是由学生主导的活动，面向中外学生展示中国传统文化。句子已有谓语，空处是非谓语，作 events 的后置定语，present "展示" 和 events 逻辑上是主动关系，因此用现在分词形式 presenting。 5 考查介词。句意：周四，我们和来自不同国家的 45 名学生一同参观了先农坛，它是北京中轴线 15 处遗产构成要素之一。结合空后的 "45 students" 可知，此处为固定搭配 in company with，意为 "和…… 一起"，所以此处使用介词 with。 6 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：参观结束后，现场开展了实操体验活动，学生们尝试搭建榫卯模型，还体验了数字化保护工具。空处作句子的谓语，结合下文的 "tried" 可知，时态应用一般过去时，stage "举办" 和主语 hands-on activities 之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是复数名词，be 动词应用 were。 7 考查代词。句意：一名美国学生说："亲身参与搭建这个木构模型，让我更好地理解了中国文化，这段经历十分珍贵。" 此处 Involving "(使) 参加，加入" 这一动作的实施者和承受者为同一人，空处应用反身代词 myself，意为 "我自己"。 8 考查形容词。句意：这段经历让我意识到，建筑不只是构筑物，它是人类共同的财富。空处修饰 treasure 的定语，形容词 collective 符合题意，意为 "集体的"。 9 考查名词。句意：古建筑承载着历史、工艺与文化价值的故事，是一代代人智慧的体现。空处作表语，且空前有定冠词 the，名词 reflection 符合题意，意为 "反映，体现"。 10 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：尽管木材、石材、彩绘等材料会随着岁月侵蚀老化，但附着在这些建筑上的精神依旧长存。空处作句子的谓语，此处在描述一般性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，且主语 the spirit 是单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数 lasts。 B篇 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了随着世界人口的增长，减少农业排放的温室气体的重要性以及当前面临的挑战。 1. growing解析　句意为：随着世界人口的增长，减少农业产生的大量温室气体排放物的唯一途径是使粮食生产更加高效。此处为 with 复合结构，在句中作状语，表示 "随着世界人口的增长"，the world's population 和 grow 之间是逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填 growing。 2. Unfortunately解析　句意为：不幸的是，自 2010 年以来，（粮食生产）效率的增长已经停滞，这意味着随着对食物的需求持续增长，农业排放物和森林砍伐可能会急剧增加。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用副词作状语，修饰整个句子，意为 "不幸地"，且空处位于句首。故填 Unfortunately。 3. who/that解析　句意为：中国科学院广州地球化学研究所的马林和他的同事们分析了现有数据以估算 1961 年至 2019 年间每单位蛋白质产生的温室气体排放量，得出了这一结论。设空处引导定语从句，先行词指人，且从句缺少主语，应用关系代词 who 或 that 引导该从句。故填 who/that。 4. conclusion解析　句意见上一题解析。设空处作 reached 的宾语，且其前有 this 修饰，应用名词单数形式 conclusion，意为 "结论"。故填 conclusion。 5. better解析　句意为：他们选择蛋白质而不是卡路里，因为它是衡量食物质量的一个更好的标准，马林说。分析句子结构可知，设空处修饰名词 measure，应用形容词；根据语境和句意可知，此处表示 "更好的标准"，所以应用 good 的比较级 better。 6. fell解析　句意为：该团队发现，1961 年至 2010 年间，每单位蛋白质产生的温室气体排放量减少了三分之二。分析句子结构可知，此处为句子的谓语动词，根据时间状语 Between 1961 and 2010 可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填 fell。 7. signs解析　句意为：但自那以后，就没有进一步的改善了，甚至还有一些增加的迹象。设空处作 there be 句型的主语，由 are 可知，此处应填 signs。 8. for解析　句意为：农业所产生的温室气体排放物占总量的三分之一左右，到 2050 年，食物需求预计将增加高达 50%。be responsible for 为固定短语，意为 "是…… 的原因；导致"。 9. if解析　句意为：此外，他们说，如果农业效率没有提高，增加产量的唯一方法就是为农场清理更多的土地，这将导致更多的森林砍伐以及生物多样性减少。分析句子结构可知，此处引导条件状语从句，表示 "如果"，应用连词 if 引导该从句。故填 if。 10. leading解析　句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知，主句中已有系动词 is，且其与设空处之间无连词连接，设空处须用非谓语动词，此处作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，应用现在分词形式。故填 leading。 C篇 语篇导读：本文主要报道了一场以围棋为主题的展览，该展览汇集了围棋文化、前沿科技与当代艺术，在视觉语境中呈现抽象的围棋游戏与人工智能，并以此与极简主义艺术、概念艺术和表现主义展开对话。 1. which解析　句意为：上海久事美术馆正在举办一场展览，展出以围棋为灵感的艺术品，在中文中被称为 weiqi，围棋起源于 4,000 多年前的中国。分析句子成分并结合句意可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是 Go，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词 which 引导该从句。故填 which。 2. the解析　句意为：围棋是最早的基于二元体系的游戏之一。earliest 是形容词最高级，前面须加定冠词 the。此处为 "one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数" 结构，意为 "最…… 的…… 之一"。故填 the。 3. to present解析　句意为：我们希望在视觉语境中呈现相当抽象的围棋游戏和人工智能，并与极简主义艺术、概念艺术和表现主义展开对话。hope to do sth 是固定搭配，意为 "希望做某事"。故填 to present。 4. guidance解析　句意为："在一场围棋比赛中，每一步都应服务于长远目标。你要设法引导对手落入你的陷阱，迫使他们遵循你的 ' 指引 '，直至他们落败。" 展览参观者中的一名围棋棋手王伟（音译）解释道。分析句子成分可知，设空处作 follow 的宾语，前有形容词性物主代词 your 修饰，设空处应用名词，guide 的名词形式为 guidance，意为 "指导；引导"，为不可数名词。故填 guidance。 5. are revealed解析　句意为："在比赛中，棋手的个性会显露出来，而一个人的弱点也会暴露在对手面前。一个体面的胜利者总是尽力以不超过一分或两分的优势击败对手，以示对对方的尊重。" 她补充道。 分析句子成分并结合句意可知，设空处在 and 前的并列分句中作谓语，此处描述围棋比赛的特点，属于客观情况，应用一般现在时。主语中心词 personalities 是复数，且与 reveal 之间为被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。另外，此句中 and 前后两个分句是并列关系，因此通过 and 后一分句中的谓语 are exposed 也可得到暗示信息。故填 are revealed。 6. tries解析　句意见上一题解析。分析句子成分可知，设空处在句中作谓语；根据 always 可知此句应用一般现在时。主语 A decent winner 是单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填 tries。 7. by解析　句意见第 5 题解析。"beat sb by + 分数" 为固定结构，意为 "以…… 分击败某人"，此处指 "以不超过一分或两分的优势击败对手"。故填 by。 8. strategic/strategical解析　句意为：屠宁宁说，黑白棋子间的平衡、棋子战略性布局的美感，以及每一步落子后棋势的流转，激发了艺术家们为本次展览创作油画、雕塑、数字生成图画及丝网版画。分析句子成分可知，设空处作定语，修饰名词 placement，结合句意可知，应填形容词 strategic/strategical，意为 "策略的；战略性的"。 9. and解析　句意见上一题解析。分析句子成分可知，句中 "the balance…" "the beauty…" 与 "the energy flow…" 为宾语从句中的并列主语，应用 and 连接。故填 and。 10. digitally解析　句意见第 8 题解析。设空处修饰动词 generated，须用副词，digital 的副词形式为 digitally，意为 "数字化地"。故填 digitally。 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $