专题4.4 主谓一致和特殊句式（高考回眸 + 命题解密 + 误区警示 + 实战通关）课件-2027届高考英语一轮复习【语法攻坚突破·讲练闭环升级】

专题4.4 主谓一致和特殊句式 2027届高考英语一轮复习 【语法攻坚突破•讲练闭环升级】 目录 contents 1. 回眸2021-2026年高考真题 2. 命题解密 3. 书面表达中主谓一致和特殊句式误区警示 4. 实战通关 I.单句语法填空 II.语法填空：基础训练(主谓一致和特殊句式专练) III.语法填空：高考真题(综合训练) 考向1　主谓一致 考向2　特殊句式 主谓一致的核心考点 倒装句的核心考点 强调句的核心考点 省略句的核心考点 其它句式的核心考点 1. (2026年全国高考I卷) As transportation and communication      (be) underdeveloped at that time, it was very difficult for households to obtain daily      (necessities). 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：当时交通和通信尚不发达，各家各户很难获得日常所需的物资。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，设空处为句子的谓语动词。结合后文谓语动词was可知，此处也应用一般过去时。另外，从句主语transportation and communication为两个并列名词，表示复数概念，谓语也应用复数形式。故填were。 1.回眸高考真题 考向1　主谓一致 单句语法填空 were 2. (2026年全国高考II卷) In tai chi, the dan tian is your qi core, and qi in Chinese means life force. Now, I      (suppose) to feel the  weight on my legs and sink my dan tian. 【解析】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：在太极拳中，丹田是你的气的核心，而“气”在中文里意为生命力。此刻，我应当感受双腿的重量，气沉丹田。分析句子结构可知，设空处是句子的谓语。再结合句意可知，本题考查固定搭配be supposed to do sth.，意为“应该做某事”。主语为 I，且根据前一句时态来判断，这里也应用一般现在时。故填am supposed。 am supposed 3. (2026年高考北京卷) Universities     (design) along the three unities of French classical tragedy (悲剧): time, action, and place. 【解析】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：大学的设计遵循法国古典悲剧的三大要素：时间、行动与地点。根据句子结构和句意来判断，此空应该填谓语动词。句子主语universities是表物的名词，和谓语design是被动关系，描述客观现状，用一般现在时被动语态。故填are designed。 are designed 4. (2026年高考北京卷) So far, this model       (produce) well-known universities, but it is now challenged by the digitalisation of society, which allows everybody      (who) is connected to the Internet to access learning resources. 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：迄今为止，这一模式已催生了众多知名大学，但如今社会的数字化正对其构成挑战，因为互联网连接的每个人都可以获取学习资源。根据句子中的时间状语So far可知，此空应用现在完成时，主语为model，单数名词，谓语也应用单数形式。故填has produced。 has produced 5. (2025年全国高考英语I卷)A decent winner always       (try) to beat the opponent       (by) no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side. 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一个不错的赢家总是尽力以仅仅一两分的优势击败对手，以表示对对方的尊重。根据always可知，本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语a decent winner为第三人称单数，所以谓语需用try“尽力”的第三人称单数tries。故填tries。 tries 6. (2025年全国高考英语II卷)The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes           (be) one of them. 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：晒过的衣服的“阳光的味道”就是其中之一。根据句意来看，本句描述的是一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes为第三人称单数名词，谓语动词也应该用单数。故填is。 is 7. (2025年高考英语浙江1月卷)The concept  (be) certainly not new — men have been renting good suits for decades — but for female shoppers, it is just taking off. 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这个概念当然并不新鲜—几十年来，男性一直在租赁优质西装—但对于女性购物者来说，它才刚刚兴起。此空为系动词be，作谓语，句子陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时。且主语The concept是单数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填is。 is 8. (2025年高考英语北京卷)Usually, better outcomes ____ ____ (achieve) through a thorough understanding of strategies like risk tolerance. 【解析】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：通常，通过充分了解风险承受能力等策略，可以取得更好的结果。根据时间状语Usually可知，此处表示经常性、习惯性的动作，时态应用一般现在时；主语better outcomes和动词achieve“实现”之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；句子主语better outcomes是复数形式，be动词应用are。故填are achieved。 are achieved 9. (2024年新课标高考I卷)Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ______ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for __ (the) first time. 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：此外，围绕温室的丝绸之路花园带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程。空处为本句谓语动词，根据上文可知，本句时态为一般现在时，walk sb. through意为“带领某人穿过……”，主语the Silk Route Garden为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填walks。 walks 10. (2024年新课标高考II卷)Some of the things that Tang was writing about  (be) also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways  (to) Romeo and Juliet. 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。这里为本句谓语动词，根据句意以及定语从句时态可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“some of the things”，复数形式，谓语动词也应用复数。故填were。 were 11. (2024年全国高考英语甲卷)They ______ (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：他们是一个由15人组成的探险队的一部分，他们花了近五个星期的时间来见证那里的自然美景。本空前They指代上文提及的四个男人，时间为1870年，同时联系后文had spent的过去完成时可知，本空时态为过去式且为复数形式，故填were。 were 12. (2024年1月浙江高考英语)Over the last two years, some supermarkets ____________ (start) selling chicken or salad in packs ___ (designed) with two halves containing separate portions (份). 【解析】考查谓语时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的两年里，一些超市开始出售包装好的鸡或沙拉，这些包装分为两半，分别含有不同的分量。分析句子结构可知，空白处应为谓语动词，句首有时间状语 Over the last two years，应该用现在完成时形式，且主语是复数形式，谓语动词也应用复数。故填 have started。 have started 13. (2024年高考英语北京卷)When we slow down, we create space to reflect on our thoughts and emotions, which helps us identify important areas of our lives and         (give) us the opportunity to make right choices. 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：当我们放慢脚步时，我们会创造空间来反思我们的想法和情绪，这有助于我们确定生活中的重要领域，并给我们做出正确选择的机会。which引导的非限制性定语从句中，根据helps可知，从句使用一般现在时，which指代前边的整个句子，所以从句谓语应用第三人称单数形式gives，gives与helps一起作并列谓语。故填gives。 gives 14. (2023年高考英语北京卷)For these reasons, they are praised as “coastal guardians”. Up to now, China         (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves. 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，中国已经建立了一些红树林保护区。由Up to now(到目前为止)可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语是China，助动词应用has。故填has established。 has established 15. (2022·全国高考I卷) The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ______ (be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. 【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。分析句子可知，空处在that引导的定语从句中作谓语，先行词为a significant number of areas，先行词在从句中作主语，根据“previously (之前地)”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时，根据主谓一致，从句主语复数，从句谓语要用复数形式。故填were。 were 16. (2022·新高考全国II卷) Henry __________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. 【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：Henry正在修车，这时他听到尖叫声。这是一个“sb. be doing sth. when...”句型，表示“某人正在做某事，这时(突然……)”。讲述过去的动作用过去进行时，主语Henry是第三人称单数，谓语也应用单数。故填was fixing。 was fixing 17. (2022·浙江高考1月卷) Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane _________________________ (view) as important for scientists to get together and exchange information. 【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：科学家们经常乘飞机参加会议、讲座、研讨会等，这被认为对于他们聚集和交流信息很重要。根据句子结构来判断，句子中是一个动名词做主语，一般判断为单数。根据全文时态看，这里用一般现在时或现在完成时均可。故填is viewed / has been viewed。 is viewed / has been viewed 18. (2022·浙江高考1月卷) But Cobb and others _____ (be) now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and changing their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. 【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：但科布和其他人现在质疑这一想法，推动会议提供更多的远程参与机会，并改变他们的个人行为，尽自己的一份力量应对气候危机。句中主语是Cobb and others，为复数。另外，句中有时间状语now，用现在时，和questioning一起构成现在进行时。故填are。 are 19. (2021·全国I卷) You can’t help wondering how hard it _____ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. 【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：你忍不住会想，当时的人们把那些石头都放好是多么困难。句中主语是it，为单数。另外，句中有时间状语then，用过去时。故填was。 was 20. (2021·全国II卷) One of the biggest companies I wrote to _____ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我写信的最大的公司之一是巴黎阿拉斯加航空公司。根据定语从句的谓语动词“wrote”可知，这里描述的是发生在过去的事情，所以用一般过去时；在“one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”结构中，谓语动词用单数。故填was。 was 21. (2021·浙江卷6月) It doesn’t impress like George Washington’s plantation on the Potomac, but Lincoln’s home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, ___________ (prove) irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public. 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：它不像波托马克河畔乔治·华盛顿的种植园那样令人印象深刻，但自向公众开放以来，参观林肯位于伊利诺伊斯普林菲尔德市中心的故居的游客一直络绎不绝。根据句子结构分析，第二个分句中的主语是Lincoln’s home，表示单数。另外句中有since引导的时间状语从句，用完成时。故填has proved。 has proved 22. (2021·浙江卷6月) Mary’s niece wrote, “The little home __________ (paint) white. ” 【解析】考查语态和主谓一致。句意：玛丽的侄女写道: “这个小家被漆成了白色。”句子主语是表物的单数名词，又用于直接引语中，用现在时态。故填is painted。 is painted 23. (2021·浙江卷1月) It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 ＿＿＿＿＿＿ (consider) healthy. 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：通过将一个人的体重(千克)除以身高(米)的平方来计算，体质指数在19到25之间被认为是健康的。本句中的主语是单数名词a BMI，表物。再根据上文的时态判断，用现在时。故填is considered。 is considered 24. (2021·浙江卷1月) In cities, however, the gain _____ (be) 1.3 in women and 1.6 in men. 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：然而，在城市中，女性的增长率为1.3，男性的增长率为1.6。本句上文中的那一句中有时间状语between 1985 and 2017，因此这个句子中也应用过去时态。故填was。 was 考向2　特殊句式 单句语法填空 1.（26-27高三上·浙江杭州·10月阶段检测）_______ a great impact did the invention have on our daily lives that it completely changed the way we communicate. 【解析】考查倒装结构。句意：这项发明对我们的日常生活影响如此之大，以至于它彻底改变了我们的交流方式。这是“Such + a + adj. + n. +助动词+主语+谓语+ that ...”的部分倒装结构，属于 “such...that...” 句型中such 短语置于句首时的倒装。注意：Such提前时，若such修饰的是宾语且谓语是实义动词，需借助助动词do/does/did构成倒装。另外，此空在句首，首字母要大写。故填Such。 Such 2.（26-27高三上·山东青岛·开学考试）It is this firing activity ______ lifts the “learning brakes”, allowing Purkinje cells to generate strong signals for long-lasting learning. 【解析】考查强调句。句意：正是这种放电活动解除了“学习刹车”，使浦肯野细胞能够产生强信号，从而实现持久的学习。这是 “It is +被强调部分+ that +其余部分” 的强调句型，强调主语this firing activity。故填that。 that   3.（26-27高三上·山东临沂·开学考试）Carefully ___________ she had prepared for the job interview, she still felt nervous when she walked into the manager’s office and saw the serious expressions on the interviewers’ faces. 【解析】考查让步状语从句的倒装结构。句意：尽管她为求职面试做了精心准备，当她走进经理办公室、看到面试官们严肃的表情时，她仍然感到紧张。这是“adv. + as/though +主语+谓语”的让步状语从句部分倒装结构，表示“尽管……”。注意：提前的是副词Carefully，主谓she had prepared不倒装。as/though 引导让步状语从句时，只提前状语，主谓保持陈述语序。故填as / though。 though / as 4.（25-26高三上·山东临沂·开学考试）At the foot of the mountain _____ (lie) a small village where the local people have preserved their traditional customs for hundreds of years. 【解析】考查时态、主谓一致和倒装语序。句意：山脚下坐落着一个小村庄，当地人在那里保留了数百年的传统习俗。这是将地点状语At the foot of the mountain置于句首，谓语lies提到主语a small village之前，构成完全倒装。且此句说的是一个客观情况，常用一般现在时。主语后带where引导的定语从句。故填lies。 lies  5.（25-26高三下·福建厦门·第四次月考）In a Guatemalan village, it was when Spears and her husband rented a small house ______ they realized the living conditions were more primitive than back home, but the simple life was appealing. 【解析】考查强调句型。句意：句意：在危地马拉的一个村庄里，正是在斯皮尔斯和丈夫租下一间小屋的时候，他们才意识到生活条件比家乡更原始，但这种简朴的生活却很有吸引力。这是 “It was +被强调部分+ that +其余部分” 的强调句型，强调时间状语从句when Spears and her husband rented a small house。注意：强调时间状语时，被强调部分用when引导，后面仍用that连接其余部分。故填that。 that 6.（26-27高三上·浙江杭州·10月阶段检测）_____ important is it to maintain a healthy work-life balance that we should never sacrifice our well-being for temporary academic success. 【解析】考查倒装句。句意：保持健康的工作与生活平衡如此重要，以至于我们绝不应为了暂时的学业成功而牺牲自己的身心健康。这是 “So + adj. + be动词/助动词+主语+ that ...” 的部分倒装结构，属于“so...that...”句型中so + adj.置于句首时的倒装。另外，此空在句首，首字母要大写。故填So。 So 2.考点精析 主谓一致 语法一致原则 就近一致原则 意义一致原则 主语单数+谓语单数 主语复数+谓语复数 or either ... or... neither ... nor ... not only ... but also ... There be + 多个主语 连接主语时 谓语用单数的情况 谓语用复数的情况 谓语单复数根据表达意义确定的情况 特殊句式 倒装句 强调句 省略句 三种不常考句式 部分倒装 全部倒装 基本结构(陈述句) 一般疑问句形式 特殊疑问句形式 定语从句中 宾语从句中 状语从句中 虚拟语气 不定式 祈使句 反意疑问句 感叹句 主谓一致的核心考点 1．就近一致原则 (1)由or, not only...but also..., neither...nor..., either...or..., whether...or..., not... but...等连接两个或两个以上的并列主语时，通常根据“就近一致”原则，即谓语动词要与离它最近的主语在数上保持一致。 The teacher or the students are in the classroom. 老师或学生都在教室里。 Either the manager or his assistants are going to attend the meeting tomorrow. 要么经理，要么他的助手们明天去参加会议。 Neither the quality of the products nor the prices were satisfactory to the customers. 产品的质量和价格都不能让顾客满意。 Not only the environment but also the local people have benefited from the new policy. 不仅环境，当地人也从新政策中受益。 (2)here / there引导一个句子而主语又不止一个时，通常根据“就近一致”原则，即谓语动词要与离它最近的主语在数上保持一致。 There are a growing number of students and several teachers taking part in the activity. 越来越多的学生和几位老师参加了这项活动。 2. 意义一致原则 (1)谓语动词必须用单数的情况 ①表示学科的名词以及works (工厂)，news (消息)等作主语时，虽然本身为复数形式，但表示单数意义，谓语动词用单数。 Physics plays an important role in the development of modern technology. 物理在现代科技发展中起着重要作用。 The news that our team won the match has excited everyone. 我们队赢得比赛的消息让每个人都很兴奋。 ②表示某些组织机构的名词、书/报名、国名、地名等作主语时，虽然形式上是复数，但所表示的意义是单数，所以谓语动词用单数。 The United Nations has called on all countries to protect the environment. 联合国呼吁所有国家保护环境。 The Lord of the Rings has attracted millions of fans around the world. 《指环王》吸引了全世界数百万粉丝。 Treated as a single mountain range: The Alps stretches across several European countries. 作为单一山脉整体来看：阿尔卑斯山脉绵延数个欧洲国家。 (2)谓语动词必须用复数的情况 表示总称意义的名词，如people, police, public, cattle等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 The police were called to the scene shortly after the accident. 事故发生后不久，警方被叫到现场。 The public were warned to stay away from the flooded area. 公众被警告要远离洪水区域。 (3)谓语动词的形式依据主语表示的意义而定 ①集体名词，如family, class, group, team, club, company, government, population等作主语时，谓语动词的形式根据其在语境中表示的意义而定。当其表示集体意义，强调整体概念时，谓语动词用单数；当其表示集体中各个组成部分，强调个体概念时，谓语动词用复数。 India’s current population (in 2025) is estimated to be over 1.43 billion people, making it the most populous country in the world. 印度目前（2025年）的人口估计超过14.3亿，使其成为世界上人口最多的国家。 ②“the＋形容词/分词”表示“一类人”时，谓语动词用复数；表抽象概念时，谓语动词用单数。 The rich are often to blame for the widening gap between rich and poor. 富人常因贫富差距扩大而受到指责。 The good of the country is more important than the interests of the rich. 国家利益比富人的利益更重要。 3. 语法一致原则 (1)由and连接的两个名词作主语 ①“a/the＋名词单数＋and＋名词单数”表示一个人(双重身份)，谓语动词用单数。 The headmaster and English teacher is respected by all the students. 那位校长兼英语老师受到所有学生的尊敬。 There is a singer and dancer on the stage whose performance has attracted everyone. 舞台上有一位歌手兼舞者，他的表演吸引了所有人。 ②“a/the＋名词单数＋and＋a/the＋名词单数”表示两个人，谓语动词用复数。 A journalist and a writer are living in that apartment, while a journalist and writer is living next door. 那位记者和那位作家住在那套公寓里，而一位记者兼作家住在隔壁。 The red car and the blue car were both damaged in the accident. 那辆红车和那辆蓝车在事故中都受损了。 ③“every＋名词单数＋and＋every＋名词单数”表示每一个人，谓语动词用单数。 Every minute and every second counts when you are taking an exam. 考试时每一分每一秒都很重要。 ④通常由两个部件组成的物品如：a knife and fork (一副刀叉)等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Bread and butter is what he has for breakfast every day. 黄油面包是他每天早餐吃的东西。 Truth and honesty has always been regarded as a traditional virtue. 真诚和诚实一直被视为一种传统美德。 (2)表示时间、数量、长度及价格的名词，尽管有时是复数形式，但常被看作是一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。 Two hours is all the time we need to get to the station. 两个小时就是我们到车站所需的全部时间。 (3)“分数/百分数＋of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词的形式根据of后的名词的形式来定，如果名词是可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数形式；如果名词是单数可数名词或不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。 Seventy percent of the population are against the policy, while seventy percent of the land is used for farming. 百分之七十的人口反对这项政策，而百分之七十的土地用于农业。 About 70% of the work has been finished, but about 70% of the students haven’t finished their homework. 大约70%的工作已经完成，但大约70%的学生还没有完成作业。 (4)主语为单数名词或代词，尽管后面跟有with, together with, except, but, as well as, rather than, besides, including等引起的短语，谓语动词仍用单数形式； 若主语为复数，谓语用复数形式。 Nobody but Jim and his friends knows the answer. 除了吉姆和他的朋友们，没人知道答案。 The students, as well as the teacher, are going to attend the meeting. 学生和老师都要参加这个会议。 倒装句的核心考点 1．全部倒装 (1)在There be/seem/appear/live/stand/lie/fly/exist/remain等存在句中。 Look, there’s a well-stocked library beside the newly-built science museum. 看，那座新建的科学博物馆旁有一家藏书丰富的图书馆。 There seems to be a fundamental flaw in the argument you presented at the seminar. 你在研讨会上提出的论证似乎存在一个根本性缺陷。 There appears to have been a serious oversight in the annual financial report. 年度财务报告中似乎存在一处严重的疏漏。 (2)表示时间、地点和动作转移的副词，如here, there, now, then, up, down, in, away, out等置于句首，主语是名词而不是代词时，用完全倒装。此时，句子多用一般现在时或一般过去时。 There stood a solitary oak tree at the summit of the hill, its branches swaying gently in the breeze. 山顶上矗立着一棵孤零零的橡树，枝条在微风中轻轻摇曳。 Away flew the startled bird the moment the cage was opened, disappearing into the vast sky. 笼子一打开，受惊的鸟就飞走了，消失在辽阔的天空中。 In came the teacher, and the noisy classroom instantly fell into a dead silence. 老师一进来，喧闹的教室立刻陷入一片死寂。 (3)such作表语置于句首时。 Such is the charm of traditional Chinese culture that an increasing number of young people are becoming fascinated by it. 中国传统文化的魅力如此之大，以至于越来越多的年轻人对它着迷。 (4)直接引语的全部或部分位于句首时。 “Why are you late again?” demanded the teacher, fixing her eyes on the boy. “你怎么又迟到了？”老师盯着那个男孩质问道。 (5)表示地点的介词短语位于句首时。 In the distance stood an ancient tower, its silhouette clearly outlined against the setting sun. 远处矗立着一座古塔，它的轮廓在夕阳的映衬下清晰可见。 (6)为平衡句子结构，或使上下文衔接紧密，而将作表语的介词短语、形容词、副词或分词提到句首，引起倒装。 Gone are the days when geeks wore shapeless T-shirts to prove that they didn’t care about physical appearances. 那种极客们穿着宽松T恤来证明他们不在意外表的日子已经一去不复返了。 2. 部分倒装 在下列几种情况下，只把助动词、系动词或情态动词放在主语之前，构成部分倒装。 (1)little, never, not, seldom, neither, nor, hardly, rarely, nowhere, by no means, at no time, under no circumstances, in no case, on no condition等表示否定意义的单词或短语位于句首时。 Little did the young man know that his casual remark would change the course of the whole negotiation. 这个年轻人一点也不知道，他那句随口说的话会改变整个谈判的进程。 By no means is it acceptable to compromise one’s principles for short-term gains. 为了短期利益而放弃原则，是绝对不能接受的。 Under no circumstances should we turn a blind eye to the suffering of those in need. 我们在任何情况下都不应对需要帮助的人的苦难视而不见。 In no case should the safety of passengers be sacrificed for the sake of profit. 在任何情况下都不应为了利润而牺牲乘客的安全。 (2)在not ... until ..., no sooner ... than ..., scarcely/hardly ... when ..., not only ... but also ..., neither ... nor ...等句式中。 Neither did the manager apologize for the delay nor did he offer any compensation to the customers. 经理既没有为延误道歉，也没有向顾客提供任何补偿。 (3)当only修饰作状语的副词、介词短语或状语从句且位于句首时。 Only when the results were announced did the students understand how much effort their teacher had put in. 直到成绩公布，学生们才明白老师付出了多少心血。 (4)在so/such...that...从句中，当“so＋形容词/副词”或“such＋名词”位于句首时。 So rapidly did the city develop that many old residents could hardly recognize their own neighbourhood. 这座城市发展得如此迅速，以至于许多老居民几乎认不出自己的街区了。 (5)当表示前面所说的肯定情况也适用于另一个人或事物时，常用“so/as＋be动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语”，表示“……也是……”。 The new policy has greatly improved the efficiency of public services. So has the digital platform. 新政策大大提高了公共服务的效率。数字平台也是如此。 Tom can speak fluent French after years of study abroad. So can his younger sister. 汤姆在国外学习多年后能讲一口流利的法语。他妹妹也能。 (6)当表示前面否定的内容也适用于另一个人或事物时，常用“neither / nor＋be动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语”，表示“……也不……”。 The manager didn’t approve of the proposal, and neither did the board members. 经理没有批准这项提案，董事会成员也没有批准。 The old man hasn’t recovered from the illness, and neither have his children expected him to. 老人还没有从病中康复，他的孩子们也没指望他能康复。 (7)省略if的虚拟条件句，把were, had, should提到主语前面。 Had the firefighters not arrived in time, the whole building would have been reduced to ashes. 要不是消防员及时赶到，整栋大楼早就化为灰烬了。 Were it not for the constant encouragement of his parents, he would never have had the courage to pursue his dream. 要不是父母不断的鼓励，他绝不会有勇气去追逐自己的梦想。 Should the weather turn bad tomorrow, the outdoor ceremony would have to be postponed. 万一明天天气变坏，户外典礼就得推迟。 (8)as和though引导的让步状语从句。 Exhausted as the volunteers were, they refused to leave the disaster area. 尽管志愿者们疲惫不堪，他们仍拒绝离开灾区。 Hard as he tried to conceal his disappointment, his trembling voice gave him away. 尽管他竭力掩饰自己的失望，颤抖的声音还是出卖了他。 Child as he is, he has a remarkable understanding of environmental protection. 尽管他还是个孩子，却对环境保护有着非凡的理解。 Search as they did throughout the house, they could find no trace of the missing document. 尽管他们把房子搜了个遍，也没能找到那份失踪文件的任何踪迹。 (9)“may＋动词原形”表示祝愿，通常把may置于句首，构成倒装语序。 May all your wishes come true! 愿你美梦成真！ Long live the friendship between our two nations! 我们两国之间的友谊万岁！ 强调句的核心考点 1. 使用助动词do, does和did对谓语动词进行强调。 We do care about this issue, but we don’t know how to help. 我们确实关心这个问题，但我们不知道该怎么帮忙。 The plan does have potential, it’s just too expensive right now. 这个计划确实有潜力，只是现在成本太高了。 I did finish the report, but I forgot to send it. 我确实完成了报告，但我忘了发出去。 2. 运用强调句型来强调除谓语动词以外的其他句子成分。 强调句型的基本句型结构为：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他成分。可用来强调句子的主语、宾语、状语等成分。在复习强调句型时，要注意以下几个方面： (1)强调句型中的主谓一致 在强调句型中，当对陈述句中的主语进行强调时，无论被强调的主语是单数还是复数，it后的谓语动词都要用单数形式is/was，同时，that/who后的谓语动词要与被强调的主语在人称和数方面保持一致。 It is my teacher that / who often helps me with my poor English study. 是我的老师经常帮助我学习我那糟糕的英语。 (2)当对地点状语，时间状语或其他状语从句进行强调时，只能用连接词that，而不能用where, when, why或how等。 It was at that small café that we made our decision. 我们是在那家小咖啡馆做出决定的。 It was only after the meeting that I realized the mistake. 我是在会议之后才意识到这个错误的。 It was just because she was exhausted that she snapped at you. 她冲你发火只是因为她太累了。 It was with great patience that the teacher explained it again. 老师是带着极大的耐心又解释了一遍。 (3)强调句型的疑问句 强调句型的一般疑问句是“Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that＋其他成分？”； 强调句型的特殊疑问句是“特殊疑问词＋is/was it that＋其他成分？”。 Was it by working overtime that he finished the project? 他是靠加班完成项目的吗? How was it that such a simple mistake went unnoticed? 这么简单的错误究竟怎么没被发现？ (4)在对not...until...结构中的until时间状语或时间状语从句进行强调时，要将句中的not移至until之前，构成：It is/was not until...that...。注意that后的谓语动词要变成肯定形式，而且不再采用倒装语序。 The young man didn’t realize how much his parents had sacrificed for him until he became a father himself. 这个年轻人直到自己当了父亲时，才意识到父母为他付出了多少。 → It was not until he became a father himself that the young man realized how much his parents had sacrificed for him. The team didn’t give up the experiment until they finally found the key factor that had been overlooked all along. 团队一直没有放弃这个实验，直到他们最终找到了那个一直被忽视的关键因素。 →It was not until they finally found the key factor that had been overlooked all along that the team gave up the experiment. The villagers didn’t fully understand the importance of protecting the wetland until the local government invited experts to deliver a lecture about it. 村民们直到当地政府邀请专家来就此做了一场讲座，才充分认识到保护湿地的重要性。 →It was not until the local government invited experts to deliver a lecture about it that the villagers fully understood the importance of protecting the wetland. 注意事项： 1．如果由特殊疑问词引导的强调结构在句中作宾语从句时，从句必须使用陈述语序，不可用疑问语序。 I don’t know who it was that left the message on my desk. 我不知道到底是谁把留言放在我桌上的。 She explained what it was that made him change his mind at the last minute. 她解释了究竟是什么让他在最后一刻改变了主意。 Please find out when it was that the package was delivered to the wrong address. 请查清楚那个包裹到底是什么时候被投递到错误地址的。 He didn’t say where it was that he had hidden the spare key. 他没有说他到底把备用钥匙藏在了哪里。 2．强调句型结构中的反义疑问句式。 在强调句型结构中，其反义疑问句的主语及助动词必须与主句It is/was...保持一致。 It was in the library, not in the classroom, that they had the discussion, wasn’t it? 3. 强调句型结构与定语从句的混合使用。 在高考试题中，为了增加试题的难度，命题人常将强调句型与定语从句混合起来，使句子结构更加复杂。我们要注意从语法角度来分析句子，理清结构。 It was in the village where she spent her childhood that the writer found the inspiration for her first novel. 那位作家正是在她度过童年的那个村庄里找到了她第一部小说的灵感。 It was on the cold morning when the whole city was covered with snow that he made up his mind to start a new life. 正是在整座城市被大雪覆盖的那个寒冷早晨，他下定决心开始新的生活。 It was the young doctor who had just graduated from medical school that saved the old man’s life on the train. 正是在火车上救了老人性命的那位刚从医学院毕业的年轻医生。 4. 强调句型与时间状语从句的辨析。 当用强调句型强调时间状语时，去掉“it is/was”和“that”，原句仍然完整； 而在时间状语从句中，若去掉“it is/was”和连词“when/before”，原句不完整。 It was in the early morning of May 12 that the earthquake struck the small county. 地震是在5月12日清晨袭击那个小县的。(强调句型) It was the early morning of May 12 when the earthquake struck the small county. 地震袭击那个小县时，正是5月12日清晨。(时间状语从句) 省略句的核心考点 1. 状语从句中的省略 由when, while, if, as if, although / though, as, until, once, whether, unless, where等引导的状语从句中，如果其谓语动词为be，而从句的主语与主句的主语相同或从句的主语为it时，则从句的主语或it和be可省略。 (While she was) Reading the letter, she couldn’t help crying. If (it is) properly handled, the problem can be solved within a week. Whether (it is) right or wrong, the decision has already been made. He looked around himself as if (he was) in a completely strange world. If (it is) necessary, you can send the document to the head office again after all the figures have been carefully checked. 2．不定式的省略 单独使用不定式符号to代替不定式后被省略的动词，常用在be afraid, expect, forget, hope, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, refuse, try, want, wish等词后；或放在表情绪的词后，代替被省略的动词，常见词有：glad, happy, pleased等；但是，如果不定式中含有be, have, have been时，则要保留be, have, have been。 --- Why didn’t you tell her the terrible news? 你为什么不告诉她可怕的消息？ --- I meant to, but I couldn’t find the right moment. 我本来打算说的，但找不到合适的时机。 --- Please feel free to ask questions if you have any. 如果有问题请随时提问。 --- I will certainly do so if I need to. 如果我需要的话，我一定会问的。 She isn’t as rich as she used to be, but she’s happier than she used to be. 她没有以前那么有钱，但她比以前更快乐。 --- Have you ever been to Paris? 你去过巴黎吗？ --- No, but I would like to have been. 没有，但我真希望去过。 3. 常考的几个省略形式 if ever, if any, if so, if necessary, if not better / worse / taller...than等。 Please point out the spelling mistakes, if any, in this application form. 请指出这份申请表里的拼写错误，如果有的话。 Will the flight be delayed? If so, we need to change our travel plan. 飞机会延误吗？如果会的话，我们需要改变出行计划。 If necessary, I can send you a copy of the contract by express mail. 如有必要，我可以用快递给你寄一份合同副本。 The new library is as spacious as the old one, if not more comfortable. 新图书馆和旧图书馆一样宽敞，甚至可能更舒适。 4. 并列句中的省略 并列句中的两个对等句里的动词相同时，后者的动词可以省略。 Tom will join the discussion this afternoon, but his roommate won’t. 汤姆今天下午会参加讨论，但他室友不会。 My brother enjoys hiking in the mountains, but I don’t. 我哥哥喜欢在山里徒步，但我不喜欢。 其他句式的核心考点 1．感叹句 感叹句常用来表示惊叹、赞美、喜悦等语气。常见句型： (1)What＋a/an＋形容词＋单数名词＋主语＋谓语！ ＝How＋形容词＋a/an＋单数名词＋主语＋谓语！ What a strange creature (it is)! I’ve never seen anything like it before. 多么奇怪的生物啊！我以前从未见过这样的东西。 What terrible weather (we are having)! We can’t go out at all. 多么糟糕的天气啊！我们根本出不了门 How interesting this book is! I couldn’t put it down. 这本书多有趣啊！我爱不释手。 How handsome a boy he is! (＝ What a handsome boy he is!) He is also very hard-working! 他是多么漂亮的一个男孩呀！他也很勤奋！ (2)What＋(形容词)＋不可数名词/复数名词＋主语＋谓语！ The teacher’s words made me understand what great progress I had made in the past year. 老师的话让我明白过去一年我取得了多么大的进步。 What modern buildings (they have built) in this newly developed area over the past five years! 过去五年里，他们在这片新开发的区域建造了多么现代化的建筑啊！ (3)How＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语！ How crowded the subway station becomes during the morning rush hour! 早高峰时地铁站变得多么拥挤啊！ How patiently the teacher explained the difficult question to us! 老师给我们讲解那道难题时多么耐心啊！ (4)How＋主语＋谓语！ How time flies! We have been working together for nearly ten years. 时间过得真快！我们一起工作快十年了。 2. 祈使句 祈使句常用来表达命令、请求、禁止、建议、警告、劝告等。祈使句的主语一般是第二人称you，但往往省略。祈使句的否定形式一般在动词原形前加don’t，也可用副词never构成。祈使句的强调形式可以在句首加do。祈使句的常见句型： (1)祈使句＋and＋陈述句“如果……就……” (2)祈使句＋or/otherwise＋陈述句“……否则……” (3)名词词组(多含有more, another)＋and＋陈述句“如果再……就……” Work harder, and you will make greater progress in the coming exam. 再努力些，你会在即将到来的考试中取得更大进步。 Put on your coat, or you will catch a cold in such freezing weather. 穿上外套，否则在这么冷的天气里你会感冒的 Turn left at the second crossing, and you will see the museum right in front of you. 在第二个路口左转，你就会看到博物馆就在你正前方。 写作中特殊句式误区警示 在写作中学生可以适当使用某些特殊句式，提高表达的层次，增强交际效果。但是学生在实际运用中主要存在以下问题：1. 主谓不一致 The writer and poet has published a new collection of poems. The writer and poet have published a new collection of poems. 那位作家兼诗人出版了一本新诗集。 As many a writer has put it, “The best stories are often hidden in ordinary life.” As many a writer have put it, “The best stories are often hidden in ordinary life.” 正如许多作家所说：“最好的故事往往藏在平凡的生活里。” (正) (正) (误) (误) The old man, besides his two grandchildren, enjoys taking a walk in the park every morning. The old man, besides his two grandchildren, enjoy taking a walk in the park every morning. Every one of the students in the front row has handed in the assignment. Every one of the students in the front row have handed in the assignment. The homeless have been provided with temporary shelter during the cold winter. The homeless has been provided with temporary shelter during the cold winter. Five kilometers of walking every day is good for your health. Five kilometers of walking every day are good for your health. (正) (误) (正) (误) (正) (误) (正) (误) 2. 缺乏运用意识有些学生在语言输出时，经常用正常语序的简单句、并列句等，而缺乏运用特殊句式的意识。 (简单句堆积) I finally got my new laptop. It is the newest model from that brand. It runs much faster than my old one. (同位语合并) I finally got my new laptop, the newest model from that brand which runs much faster than my old one. (一般表达) I didn’t realize how much my teacher had helped me until I entered university. (倒装句) Not until I entered university did I realize how much my teacher had helped me. (强调句) It was not until I entered university that I realized how much my teacher had helped me. 3. 运用中出现语法错误 Only practice every day can you improve your English. Only by practicing every day can you improve your English. There has a great difference between the two cultures. There exists a great difference between the two cultures. Only after you have tasted bitterness you can appreciate sweetness. Only after you have tasted bitterness can you appreciate sweetness. It was on Friday when the company announced the final results of the interview. It was on Friday that the company announced the final results of the interview. It was Friday when the company announced the final results of the interview. (正) (误) (误) (正) (误) (正) (误) (正) (正) 4.考点集训 题组一　主谓一致集训 单句语法填空 1. Not only the manager who chaired the meeting but also the workers ____________ (agree) to carry out the new plan before the end of this month. 2. Many a student ______________ (surprise) by the teacher’s sudden decision to cancel the trip. 3. The students, together with their teacher, ___________ (go) to visit the museum tomorrow. 4. Early to bed and early to rise ________ (make) a man healthy, happy and wise. 5. Not one in one hundred children exposed to the disease during the outbreak _____ (be) likely to develop serious symptoms later in life. have agreed are going is makes was surprised 题组二　倒装句集训 单句语法填空 1. No sooner _____ the company announced the results of the competition than the phones in the office began to ring nonstop. 2. Only when you have lost something that you once took for granted _________ you realize how much it actually meant to you. 3. Not until he had worked in the company for nearly ten years _____ he finally realize how much he had learned from his first boss. 4. Essential to the success of this ambitious project ____ (be) the unwavering commitment and cooperation of every single team member. 5. _____ she taken the doctor’s advice and changed her eating habits years ago, she would be feeling much better now instead of lying in hospital. had do / will did is Had 题组三　强调句集训 单句语法填空 1. _____ doesn’t matter whether the plan succeeds or fails; what matters is that we have learned something from it. 2. It was not until he had worked in the company for nearly ten years _____ he finally realized how much he had learned from his first boss. 3. It _____ because the company had lost several important customers that the managers began to take the complaints seriously. 4. She _______ care about her students, even though she is strict with them; however, she rarely shows her feelings in public. 5. Why is it ______ so many young people today spend hours scrolling through social media instead of talking face to face with their friends? It that was does that 题组四　省略句集训 单句语法填空 1. You may leave the meeting early if you really need _____, but please make sure that someone takes notes for you. 2. The village, though badly __________ (damage) by the earthquake, has been rebuilt with the help of volunteers from all over the country. 3. He stopped halfway through his explanation, lowering his eyes to the floor as if __________ (search) for the right words to describe what he had seen that night. 4. — What made the baby start crying all of a sudden in the middle of the night? — ________ (see) a stranger’s face when she woke up and found someone standing by her bed. 5. The digital camera is a recent invention, especially when ___________ (compare) to the centuries-old history of the traditional film camera. to damaged to search Seeing compared Ⅱ.语法填空(主谓一致专练)原创 The World Energy Crisis For decades, the world has been heavily dependent on fossil fuels. Today, however, this situation is changing, because oil and coal 1 (run) out and their prices have risen sharply in recent years. The crisis 2 (cause) by several factors. First, the population 3 (grow) rapidly so far, so the demand for energy is increasing every year. Second, much energy 4 (waste) in factories and homes. As a result, serious problems 5 (create) for both the environment and human health. Fortunately, many countries 6 (take) action nowadays. Renewable energy such as solar and wind power 7 (develop) at a surprising speed. New technologies 8 (introduce), and stricter laws have been passed to limit pollution. However, the transition takes time, and not everyone is willing to accept change. In my opinion, no single country can solve this problem alone. Every nation needs to work together, and each person has a role to play. If everyone 9 (make) small changes in daily life, the world 10 (become) a better place. Energy is precious, and only by using it wisely can we protect our future. 1. are running 2. was caused 3. has grown 4. is wasted 5. have been created 6. are taking 7. is being developed 8. have been introduced 9. makes 10. will become 【导语】本文围绕世界能源危机展开，介绍了化石燃料日益枯竭、能源需求持续增长、环境污染不断加剧的现状，以及各国发展可再生能源、出台环保法规的应对措施。文章指出，解决能源危机需要各国共同努力、人人参与，只有合理利用能源，才能保护人类的未来。 are running  考查主谓一致、时态和语态。句意：石油和煤炭正在枯竭，近年来它们的价格大幅上涨。主语 oil and coal 是并列主语，表示复数，谓语用复数；由 Today、is changing 可知描述当前正在发生的变化，用现在进行时，故填 are running。 was caused  考查主谓一致、时态和语态。句意：这场危机是由几个因素造成的。主语 The crisis 是单数，且下文列举的是过去已发生的成因，用一般过去时；crisis 与 cause 是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，故填 was caused。 has grown  考查主谓一致、时态和语态。句意：迄今为止，人口迅速增长，因此能源需求逐年增加。主语 the population 表单数概念，谓语用单数；时间状语 so far 表示“到目前为止”，用现在完成时；grow 为不及物动词，用主动语态，故填 has grown。 is wasted  考查主谓一致、时态和语态。句意：其次，大量能源在工厂和家庭中被浪费。主语 much energy 为不可数名词，谓语用单数；全文描述普遍现状，用一般现在时；energy 与 waste 是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，故填 is wasted。 5. have been created  考查主谓一致、时态和语态。句意：结果，环境问题和人类健康问题由此产生。主语 serious problems 为复数，谓语用复数；由上文“能源被浪费”造成的现有结果可知，用现在完成时；problems 与 create 是被动关系，用现在完成时的被动语态，故填 have been created。 6. are taking  考查主谓一致、时态和语态。句意：幸运的是，如今许多国家正在采取行动。主语 many countries 为复数，谓语用复数；时间状语 nowadays 表示当前正在进行的动作，用现在进行时；take action 为主动语态，故填 are taking。 7. is being developed  考查主谓一致、时态和语态。句意：太阳能、风能等可再生能源正以惊人的速度发展。主语 Renewable energy 为不可数名词，谓语用单数；由 at a surprising speed 和上下文可知，表示现阶段正在进行的动作，用现在进行时；energy 与 develop 是被动关系，用现在进行时的被动语态，故填 is being developed。 8. have been introduced  考查主谓一致、时态和语态。句意：新技术已被引入，更严格的法律也已被通过以限制污染。主语 New technologies 为复数，谓语用复数；由并列分句 have been passed 可知用现在完成时；technologies 与 introduce 是被动关系，用现在完成时的被动语态，故填 have been introduced。 9. makes  考查主谓一致、时态和语态。句意：如果每个人在日常生活中做出小小改变，世界将变得更美好。If 引导的条件状语从句中，主语 everyone 表单数概念，谓语用单数；主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来；make 为主动语态，故填 makes。 10. will become 考查主谓一致、时态和语态。句意：如果每个人在日常生活中做出小小改变，世界将变得更美好。主句主语 the world 为单数，谓语用单数；if 条件从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时；become 为系动词，用主动语态，故填 will become。 Ⅱ.语法填空(特殊句式专练)原创 Why Helmets Matter for E-bike Riders In recent years, electric bikes 1 (become) increasingly popular in Chinese cities. However, not everyone wears a helmet, and this is 2 the problem lies. 3 is the lack of safety awareness that puts many riders at risk. Some people argue that wearing a helmet 4 unnecessary for short trips, but accidents do not wait for you to finish your journey. Only 5 a crash happens do people realize how much a helmet matters. Never should we ignore such a simple yet life-saving habit. Fortunately, more cities 6 (take) action. Not only are riders required to wear helmets, but they are also encouraged to follow traffic rules. Meanwhile, many schools and communities 7 (organize) activities to spread safety knowledge. Although 8 (tire) of hearing warnings, most people are beginning to accept the new rule. In my opinion, wearing a helmet is not a burden but a responsibility. It is small actions like this 9 protect us and the people who care about us. Should every rider put on a helmet, thousands of lives 10 (save) every year. Safety comes first, and no journey is worth risking your life for. 1. have become 2. where 3. It 4. is 5. when 6. are taking 7. are organizing 8. tired 9. that 10. would be saved 【导语】本文围绕电动自行车骑行者佩戴头盔的重要性展开论述，指出尽管电动车在中国城市日益普及，但许多骑行者缺乏安全意识、不戴头盔。文章通过强调事故的突发性和头盔的保护作用，呼吁骑行者养成佩戴头盔的习惯；同时介绍更多城市、学校和社区正在采取行动推广安全知识，最后表明佩戴头盔不是负担而是责任，安全应放在首位。 1. have become 考查现在完成时。由时间状语“In recent years”可知，句子表示动作从过去持续到现在并产生影响，主语“electric bikes”为复数，故用 have become。 2. where 考查表语从句。句意：然而，并非每个人都戴头盔，而这正是问题所在。此处为表语从句，where 表示“……的地方/所在”，指代问题所在之处。 3. It 考查强调句型。句意：正是安全意识的缺乏使许多骑行者处于危险之中。此处构成强调句型 It is + 被强调部分 + that + 剩余部分，强调主语“the lack of safety awareness”，故填 It。 4. is 考查主谓一致和时态。主语“wearing a helmet”为动名词短语，视为单数；句子表述一般观点，用一般现在时，故填 is。 5. when 考查时间状语从句与倒装。句意：只有当事故发生时，人们才意识到头盔有多重要。Only when 置于句首引起主句部分倒装（do people realize），从句表示“当……时”，故填 when。 6. are taking 考查现在进行时。由“Fortunately”及上下文可知，句子描述当前正在发生的动作，表示更多城市正在采取行动，主语“more cities”为复数，故填 are taking。 7. are organizing 考查现在进行时。句意：与此同时，许多学校和社区正在组织活动传播安全知识。与前半句“are required”时态呼应，描述目前正在进行的活动，主语“many schools and communities”为复数，故填 are organizing。 8. tired 考查形容词作状语。句意：尽管厌倦了听到警告，大多数人开始接受新规定。be tired of 意为“厌倦……”，此处用形容词 tired 作状语，表示“（人们）厌倦了……”，故填 tired。 9. that 考查强调句型。句意：正是像这样的小行动保护着我们和关心我们的人。此处构成强调句型 It is + 被强调部分 + that + 剩余部分，强调主语“small actions like this”，故填 that。 10. would be saved 考查虚拟语气与被动语态。句意：如果每位骑行者都戴上头盔，每年将有成千上万的生命被挽救。Should every rider put on a helmet 为省略 if 的虚拟条件句，表示对将来情况的假设，主句用 would + 动词原形；主语“thousands of lives”与 save 之间为被动关系，故填 would be saved。 III.语法填空：高考真题(综合训练) (2025年全国英语I卷)An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, 56 originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. Go is one of 57 earliest binary-based (基于二元的) games. The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu Ningning, who is in charge of the exhibition. “The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,” says Tu. “We hope 58 (present) the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.” “In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your 59 (guide) till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition. “The players’ personalities 60 (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. “A decent winner always 61 (try) to beat the opponent 62 no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side. ” Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the 63 (strategy) placement of the pieces, 64 the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, 65 (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition. 56. which   57. the   58. to present   59. guidance   60. are revealed   61. tries   62. by   63. strategic   64. and   65. digitally 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了上海久事美术馆举办的一场以围棋为灵感的艺术展览。 56. which 考查定语从句。句意：上海久事美术馆正在举办一场展览，展出的艺术品灵感来自围棋（中文称为“围棋”），它起源4000多年前的中国。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词为Go, or weiqi in Chinese，指物，且关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。 57. the 考查冠词。句意：围棋是最早的基于二元的棋类游戏之一。形容词最高级前用定冠词the。故填the。 58. to present 考查非谓语动词。句意：我们希望在一个视觉语境中呈现相当抽象的围棋游戏和人工智能，并与极简主义艺术、观念艺术和表现主义展开对话。本句谓语为hope，此处为非谓语动词，hope to do sth.“希望做某事”，所以此处需用动词present“呈现”的不定式，作宾语。故填to present。 59. guidance 考查名词。句意：你试图引导对手进入你的陷阱，迫使他们跟随你的“引导”直到他们输掉。此处作follow的宾语，用名词guidance“引导”，不可数名词。故填guidance。 60. are revealed 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：她补充说：“玩家的个性在游戏中显露出来，一个人的弱点会暴露给对手。”本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语The players’ personalities与动词reveal“揭示，显示”为被动关系，所以空处需用一般现在时态的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are。故填are revealed。 61. tries 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一个不错的赢家总是尽力以仅仅一两分的优势击败对手，以表示对对方的尊重。根据always可知，本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语a decent winner为第三人称单数，所以谓语需用try“尽力”的第三人称单数tries。故填tries。 62. by 考查介词。句意同上。“by+具体数值”表示“以（某一差值）”，此处指“以一到两分的优势”，符合语境。故填by。 63. strategic 考查形容词。句意：屠宁宁说，黑白棋子之间的平衡，棋子在策略布局上的美感，以及每一步棋所蕴含的能量流动，都激发了艺术家们为展览创作油画、雕塑、数字生成的图片和丝网版画。此处修饰名词placement，需用形容词strategic“战略性的，策略的”，作定语。故填strategic。 64. and 考查连词。句意同上。the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic placement of the pieces, the energy flow following each move三者为并列关系，作并列主语，所以空处需用连词and。故填and。 65. digitally 考查副词。句意同上。此处修饰形容词generated，需用副词digitally“数字地”，作状语。故填digitally。 Thank you $