精品解析：北京市丰台区2026-2027学年高一上学期11月期中英语试题

2026-2027学年度第一学期期中练习 高一英语 考试时间：90分钟 第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30分) 第一节(共10小题; 每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 For most of my life, the first snowflake sent me rushing indoors, where I would stay for months. But last winter, I decided I needed a ____1____ that would get me outside; otherwise, I would never survive the winters of the Rocky Mountains. One morning, I drove to Eldora, the nearest ski resort to my cabin. I had always been ____2____ to try skiing. Watching friends recover from injuries made me wonder if the fun was worth the risk. As a rock climber, though, I understood that risk could be managed and I could take my time. On my first run down the beginner slope, I picked up speed faster than I expected, and with no idea how to stop, I ____3____ and tumbled (跌倒) onto my side. My face turned red when I noticed a few people watching, but I swallowed my ____4____ and tried again. After a few more runs, focusing on balance and making gentle turns, I started to ____5____ the motions. Soon I tried a harder run. Staring down the slope, I wasn’t sure I would make it to the bottom. But I had committed to giving it a ____6____, so I pushed off. I made my first turn, checked for faster skiers behind me, and then I made another. Within minutes, I had done it. For the first time all day, I felt in control of the skis. Just like that, I was ____7____.  Over the next few months, I skied as often as I could and I fell less often. I began to  ____8____ the drops of sweat on my forehead between runs, and the ice crystals in my hair made me feel like a mountain goddess. I never expected to adapt so comfortably to ski culture. My skis now feel like a secret key to a community that values fun,  ____9____ and the great outdoors. I still don’t love the cold, but it now gives me something to  ____10____ each winter. 1. A. hobby  B. job  C. habit  D. reason 2. A. afraid  B. hesitant  C. curious  D. eager 3. A. jumped  B. slid  C. tripped  D. dropped 4. A. excitement  B. disappointment     C. confusion  D. pride 5. A. catch sight of  B. get the hang of  C. take the place of  D. make fun of 6. A. shot  B. thought  C. rest  D. hand 7. A. puzzled  B. concerned  C. inspired  D. hooked 8. A. accept  B. fear  C. love  D. ignore 9. A. freedom  B. safety  C. comfort  D. adventure 10. A. celebrate  B. face  C. anticipate  D. change 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. D 10. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述作者克服恐惧尝试滑雪，最终爱上冬日户外运动的成长经历。 【1题详解】 考查名词。句意：但去年冬天，我决定找一个能让我走出家门的爱好，不然我永远熬不过落基山脉的冬天。A. hobby爱好；B. job工作；C. habit习惯；D. reason理由。根据后文“I drove to Eldora, the nearest ski resort to my cabin”可知，作者主动去滑雪场学滑雪，说明作者想找一项能出门的休闲爱好。 【2题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我之前一直对尝试滑雪犹豫不决。A. afraid害怕的；B. hesitant犹豫的；C. curious好奇的；D. eager渴望的。根据后文“Watching friends recover from injuries made me wonder if the fun was worth the risk”可知，看到朋友滑雪受伤，不确定乐趣是否值得冒险，说明作者此前一直心存顾虑、迟迟不敢尝试。 【3题详解】 考查动词。句意：在我第一次滑初级雪道时，速度比预想的快，我不知道怎么停下，我绊倒了，侧摔在地上。A. jumped跳跃；B. slid打滑滑行；C. tripped绊倒；D. dropped掉落。根据后文“and tumbled (跌倒) onto my side”可知，作者滑雪失控、侧翻倒地，说明作者失去平衡，绊倒了。 【4题详解】 考查名词。句意：注意到有几个人在看我，我脸一下子红了，但我压下了自己的自尊心，重新试了一次。A. excitement兴奋；B. disappointment失望；C. confusion困惑；D. pride自尊心。根据前文“My face turned red when I noticed a few people watching, but I swallowed my”可知，作者当众摔倒觉得尴尬，这里指放下怕丢面子的心态继续尝试。 【5题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：多滑几次之后，我专注于保持平衡和平缓转向，开始慢慢掌握了动作要领。A. catch sight of看见；B. get the hang of掌握窍门；C. take the place of取代；D. make fun of取笑。根据前文“After a few more runs, focusing on balance and making gentle turns, I started to”和后文“Soon I tried a harder run”可知，作者反复练习调整动作，逐渐熟悉、掌握滑雪的动作技巧，所以作者尝试了一条难度更高的雪道。 【6题详解】 考查名词。句意：但我已经下定决心试一试，于是我出发了。A. shot尝试；B. thought想法；C. rest休息；D. hand手。根据后文“so I pushed off. I made my first turn, checked for faster skiers behind me, and then I made another”可知，作者完成第一个转弯，留意身后速度更快的滑雪者，接着又完成了一次转弯。说明作者决心试一试。固定搭配give it a shot意为“试一试”，符合作者鼓起勇气挑战更难雪道的语境。 【7题详解】 考查形容词。句意：就这样，我迷上了滑雪。A. puzzled困惑的；B. concerned担忧的；C. inspired受鼓舞的；D. hooked入迷的。根据前文“I felt in control of the skis”和后文“Over the next few months, I skied as often as I could”可知，作者顺利滑完难的雪道、完全掌控雪板后，彻底爱上了这项运动，所以后文描述在接下来的几个月里，作者尽可能多地去滑雪。 【8题详解】 考查动词。句意：我开始爱上滑行间隙额头上落下的汗珠，发丝里的冰晶让我觉得自己像个山巅女神。A. accept接受；B. fear害怕；C. love喜爱；D. ignore忽视。根据后文“the drops of sweat on my forehead between runs, and the ice crystals in my hair made me feel like a mountain goddess”可知，后文描述的是作者美好的感受，说明作者喜爱这些体验。 【9题详解】 考查名词。句意：现在我的雪板就像一把秘密钥匙，打开了一个重视乐趣、冒险与户外自然的社群。A. freedom自由；B. safety安全；C. comfort舒适；D. adventure冒险。根据第二段“Watching friends recover from injuries made me wonder if the fun was worth the risk”可知，滑雪本身是带有探索挑战属性的户外运动，属于冒险。 【10题详解】 考查动词。句意：我依然不喜欢寒冷，但现在每个冬天都有了让我满心期待的事物。A. celebrate庆祝；B. face面对；C. anticipate期待；D. change改变。根据前文“I still don’t love the cold, but it now gives me something to”可知，作者从原本惧怕冬天躲在家里，到爱上滑雪后，冬天成了有盼头的季节。 第二节(共10小题; 每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 A 语法填空 Zhang Tian’s first year is almost over. It has been a tough year, but he _____11_____ (enjoy) working with the children. What made him feel _____12_____ (satisfy) was that his students became more confident in learning. Besides teaching, Zhang Tian also _____13_____ (bring) changes to the village. He contacted charity organisations about _____14_____ (set) up a library and rebuilding the playground, and helped the villagers sell local products online.  【答案】11. has enjoyed 12. satisfied 13. brought 14. setting 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述张天在乡村支教，认真教学生，同时为村庄争取资源、帮助村民带货，给当地带来积极变化。 【11题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这一年十分艰辛，但他很享受和孩子们相处的时光。but表并列，前后时态一致，前面has been是现在完成时，主语he是单数，助动词用has。 【12题详解】 考查形容词。句意：让他感到满意的是，他的学生在学习上变得更加自信。空格处用形容词作表语，主语him是人，用形容词satisfied，表示“满意的”。 【13题详解】 考查时态。句意：除了教学，张天也为村子带来了改变。结合全文所使用的时态，此处描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式brought。 【14题详解】 考查动名词。句意：他联系慈善机构，筹建图书馆、翻新操场，还帮助村民在网上售卖当地特产。about是介词，空格处用动名词作宾语。 B 语法填空 In Shenzhen, schools do not buy uniforms for students. Instead, students and parents can buy them ____15____ (independent) from stores or online delivery platforms. Surprisingly, such great convenience ____16____ (go) hand in hand with high quality. To make sure the uniforms are of good quality, each uniform ____17____ (print) with a special QR code — a “uniform supervision code”. If you scan the code, you can get detailed information about the uniform. 【答案】15. independently 16. goes 17. is printed 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍了深圳校服不由学校统一采购，家长和学生可自行购买，并且每套校服配有监管二维码来保障质量。 【15题详解】 考查副词。句意：相反，学生和家长可以自行在实体店或者线上配送平台购买校服。空处修饰动词buy，副词independently符合题意，意为“独立地”。 【16题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：令人惊喜的是，这般便捷的购买方式同时还保障了校服的优良品质。空处作句子的谓语，结合上下文可知，本句在描述一般性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，且主语such great convenience是不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式goes。 【17题详解】 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：为确保校服质量达标，每套校服上都印有一个专属二维码——“校服监管码”。空处作句子的谓语，结合上下文可知，本句在描述一般性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，print“打印”和主语each uniform之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是单数，be动词应用is。 C 语法填空 When Charles Darwin was young, he did not look like someone ____18____ has a clear professional plan. Formal school lessons seemed less ____19____ (interest) to him, and he soon gave up medicine. However, he noticed small differences that were ignored by others and stayed curious long after others became bored. It was hard ____20____ (make) careful observations again and again, but he never stopped. In time, he became a great scientist. 【答案】18. who##that 19. interesting 20. to make 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲的是达尔文年轻时并没有清晰的职业规划，对学校课程不感兴趣、放弃了学医，但他善于留意别人忽略的细节，始终保持好奇心，坚持反复细致观察，最终成为伟大的科学家。 【18题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：查尔斯・达尔文年轻的时候，看起来并不像是一个有着清晰职业规划的人。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词someone指人，因此用关系代词who/that。 【19题详解】 考查形容词。句意：正规的学校课程对他来说似乎没那么有趣，不久他就放弃了医学。空格处用形容词作表语，修饰lessons用ing结尾的形容词interesting，意为“有趣的”，和前面的less构成比较级。 【20题详解】 考查不定式。句意：一遍又一遍地进行细致观察并不容易，但他从未停下。It was hard to do...意为“做某事不容易”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式。 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，40分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，共30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Congratulations on your acceptance to Northhaven University School of the Arts! To help you get started with next steps, we’ve created the below guide to help you along the way. Don’t hesitate to reach out to soastudentaffairs@northhaven.edu if you have any questions. We look forward to seeing you on campus! IMPORTANT DATES Orientation (迎新会) Week begins Monday, August 31, 2026. The School of the Arts New Student Orientation is September 1, 2026. Classes begin Tuesday, September 8, 2026. Information regarding orientation events for your academic program will be forthcoming. You will receive more information about the Orientation, as well as course and registration information, from the Office of Student Affairs this summer. Activate Your NUID (Northhaven University Identity) & Northhaven Email To activate your NUID, proceed to the following website: http://northhaven.edu/its/manage-my-nuid. Click “Activate my NUID.” On the next two pages, accept the “Computer and Network Use Policy”. You will then be directed to a page asking that you enter your NUID. On this page, click next to “Don’t know your NUID” to begin the activation process; then follow the instructions from there. Once your NUID is activated, you will be able to use your Northhaven email. The email address is both the School’s and the University’s official means of communication with all students. Therefore, once your Northhaven email is activated, this is the email that will be used to communicate with you. Emergency Contact We require each student to provide at least one emergency contact’s phone number, email address, and physical address. You can update your emergency contact information in MyNorthhaven once your NUID is activated.  Immunization (免疫接种) Requirements To meet with the state public health law, Northhaven requires all students to complete several immunization requirements and submit documentation upon admission. ​Students whose immunization records are not up to date will not be permitted to move into housing and to participate in Orientation activities.  21. What will students receive from the university? A. Emergency contact forms.                B. Immunization approval letters. C. Instructions for NUID activation.          D. Details of orientation and registration. 22. What are students required to do with their NUID? A. Set it up right after acceptance.            B. Activate it before using email. C. Use it to attend the orientation.            D. Receive it by email this summer. 23. The main purpose of the passage is to ________. A. list the important dates for the new term B. attract future applicants to the university C. inform students of pre-arrival preparations D. remind students of immunization requirements 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述北黑文大学艺术学院向录取新生告知重要时间及入学前各项准备事项。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据IMPORTANT DATES部分中“You will receive more information about the Orientation, as well as course and registration information, from the Office of Student Affairs this summer.(今年夏天，学生事务处将向你发送更多关于迎新会以及课程和注册的相关信息。)”可知，学生会收到迎新和注册的详细信息。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据Activate Your NUID (Northhaven University Identity) & Northhaven Email部分中“Once your NUID is activated, you will be able to use your Northhaven email.(一旦你的NUID激活，你就可以使用北黑文大学邮箱。)”可知，学生需要在使用邮箱之前激活NUID。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“To help you get started with next steps, we’ve created the below guide to help you along the way.(为帮助你开展后续事宜，我们制作了下面这份指南为你提供帮助。)”以及全文内容可知，文章目的是告知新生入学前需要完成的准备工作。 B Cheat! Mo and Terry had been inseparable in their high school. Yet for the past fortnight, Terry had stopped answering Mo’s calls and messages. Whenever they passed in the corridor, she looked away as though Mo were a stranger. It made Mo feel as if she were losing a friend without knowing why. During the physics exam, when Mo looked up for a short break, she saw Terry a few rows away, her phone resting on her knee beneath the desk. Terry’s thumb moved quickly across the screen. Mo’s heart gave an uncomfortable jump. Was that how Terry had always stayed at the top of the class? The thought made her feel both angry and foolish — angry at Terry, and foolish for having believed their friendship was so solid. After the bell, Mo wanted to forget what she had seen. Yet the more she tried to ignore it, the more unfair it felt. If Terry had been cheating, every high mark she had earned would be built on something dishonest. That evening, Mo met Mr. Reed in the library. She almost walked past him, but the words stayed stuck in her mind until she could not carry them alone. The next exam, Mo sat behind Terry again. Terry reached down and brought her phone onto her lap again. Mo’s hands grew cold. She did not want to be the person who caused trouble for a friend, but she could not pretend she had seen nothing. When her eyes met Mr. Reed’s, she nodded. Mr. Reed crossed the room silently, took Terry’s paper and asked her to leave. Terry looked up, confused and hurt, but said nothing. After the exam, Terry found Mo outside the classroom. Her eyes were red, but her voice was steady. “Why did you do that?” she asked. Mo’s throat tightened. “I thought you were cheating.” Terry drew in a slow breath. “My dad had been ill for weeks, and this morning he had heart surgery. I wasn’t looking at answers. I was waiting for a message from my mum.” The words landed heavily. Mo felt her face grow warm as shame spread through her chest. She had been so certain she was doing the right thing that she had not stopped to consider there might be another explanation. Mr. Reed later accepted Terry’s explanation, though she still had to retake the exam. Mo apologised, and Terry’s expression softened. “I was scared,” Terry said. “I didn’t know how to tell anyone.” Mo nodded, understanding that friendship required more than loyalty, it required honesty, patience and the readiness to listen instead of rushing to judge. 24. What can be inferred about Terry before the physics exam? A. She was worried about her father’s condition. B. She was angry with Mo’s misunderstanding. C. She was busy preparing for the exam alone. D. She was planning to cheat in the exam.  25. What made Mo decide to tell Mr. Reed about Terry? A. She believed it was a student’s duty to report cheating.  B. She felt she could no longer keep what she had seen to herself. C. She wanted to make sure Terry was punished for cheating in exam. D. She thought she could help Terry avoid making the same mistake again. 26. Which of the following best describes Mo’s personality? A. Confident and independent.               B. Stubborn and cold-hearted. C. Principled and reflective.                 D. Jealous and dishonest. 27. What can we learn from the passage? A. Judging comes before understanding. B. Loyalty alone cannot save friendship. C. Fairness is more important than honesty. D. Friendship requires listening before judging. 【答案】24. A 25. B 26. C 27. D 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了Mo误以为好友Terry考试作弊并向老师举报，得知真相后十分愧疚，最终懂得友谊不只需要忠诚，更要耐心倾听、不急于评判的道理。 【24题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“My dad had been ill for weeks, and this morning he had heart surgery. I wasn’t looking at answers. I was waiting for a message from my mum.(我的爸爸已经病了好几周，今天早上他做了心脏手术。我不是在看答案，我在等我妈妈的消息。)”可知，物理考试前Terry一直担心父亲的状况。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“That evening, Mo met Mr. Reed in the library. She almost walked past him, but the words stayed stuck in her mind until she could not carry them alone.(那天晚上，Mo在图书馆遇见了Reed老师。她差点径直走过去，但这件事一直在她脑海里挥之不去，直到她再也无法独自承受。)”可知，Mo决定告诉老师，是因为她觉得无法再把看到的事情藏在心里。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“She did not want to be the person who caused trouble for a friend, but she could not pretend she had seen nothing.(她不想成为给朋友惹麻烦的人，但她不能假装什么都没看见。)”以及第五段“The words landed heavily. Mo felt her face grow warm as shame spread through her chest. She had been so certain she was doing the right thing that she had not stopped to consider there might be another explanation.(这番话重重地冲击了Mo。她感到脸颊发烫，愧疚感涌上心头。她之前十分笃定自己做得没错，却没有停下来想一想可能另有隐情。)”可知，Mo坚守原则，看到疑似作弊的行为选择上报；误会解开后她心怀愧疚、主动反思自己的草率判断，因此她有原则且善于反思。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Mo nodded, understanding that friendship required more than loyalty, it required honesty, patience and the readiness to listen instead of rushing to judge.(Mo点了点头，明白了友谊不只是需要忠诚，还需要坦诚、耐心，愿意先倾听，而不是急于评判。)”可知，我们能学到友谊需要先倾听再评判。 C We have all heard that “practice makes perfect,” and many of us firmly believe it. But is this popular belief actually true? In 1993, psychologist K. Anders Ericsson proposed the “deliberate(刻意的)-practice view,” arguing that high-quality practice largely explains why some people become experts while others remain mediocre (平庸的). His study found that Berlin’s best young violinists had accumulated an average of 10,000 hours of practice by age 20 — more than their lower-skilled peers. This work later inspired Malcolm Gladwell’s memorable “10,000-hour rule,” the appealing idea that a decade of focused practice is the price of expertise. As the Olympics get underway in Rio, we might well wonder if we could have been on a field of our dreams had we practiced until we were nearly perfect. My colleagues and I recently published a meta-analysis pooling decades of research on deliberate practice and sports performance. We found that deliberate practice accounted for an average of only 18 percent of sports performance differences. That is, when comparing higher-skilled athletes to less-skilled ones in the same sport, practice explained only a minority of the differences in their performances. Eighteen percent is not insignificant — but it is a far cry from the claim that practice largely explains success. The result also runs counter to the popular idea that starting earlier is always better: higher-skilled athletes had begun their sport at about the same age as their less-skilled counterparts. This stability held across different types of sports and athletes. The most striking result came when we narrowed our focus to top-level athletes — those competing at Olympic levels. For them, the effect of deliberate practice dropped to a mere one percent. Consider tennis: the average professional and Serena Williams have probably practiced comparable amounts, yet Williams stands far above the rest. Practice is therefore necessary but far from sufficient. Other factors — including personality traits like confidence, cognitive abilities, physical build and even genetics — also play important parts. What does this mean for parents and coaches? They should recognize that practice alone does not define the path to excellence. With evidence-based knowledge, parents can decide which activities to pursue based on their children’s abilities, traits, enjoyment and interest. If a child focuses on only one activity in pursuit of becoming “the best,” they might miss activities where they could really excel. In short, effort is more likely to translate into excellence when guided by evidence, not by the appealing notion that 10,000 hours alone makes an Olympian. 28. According to the passage, the “10,000-hour rule”_________. A. claims 10,000 hours guarantees expertise. B. was first named by Gladwell’s team. C. grew out of Ericsson’s violin study. D. is now widely doubted by experts. 29. Why does the author mention the average professional and Serena Williams? A. To raise an opposing idea.                 B. To illustrate a research finding. C. To question a study’s reliability.             D. To compare two different factors. 30. What can we learn from the passage? A. Practice is less decisive at the highest levels. B. Talent matters more than deliberate practice. C. Starting early results in better performance. D. Practice explains most athletic excellence. 31. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. The Hidden Factors: Why Some Excel? B. Practice Makes Perfect: A Truth Revisited. C. Beyond Practice: What Shapes Excellence? D. Ten Thousand Hours: The Making of an Expert. 【答案】28. C 29. B 30. A 31. C 【解析】 【导语】本文探讨了“一万小时定律”，介绍相关研究发现刻意练习对运动表现的影响有限，尤其在顶尖运动员群体中影响极小，说明练习是取得成就的必要条件而非充分条件，还有诸多其他因素共同影响卓越表现。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“His study found that Berlin’s best young violinists had accumulated an average of 10,000 hours of practice by age 20 — more than their lower-skilled peers. This work later inspired Malcolm Gladwell’s memorable “10,000-hour rule,” the appealing idea that a decade of focused practice is the price of expertise.(他的研究发现，柏林最优秀的年轻小提琴手在20岁时平均累计练习一万小时，高于水平稍弱的同龄人。这项研究后来催生了马尔科姆·格拉德威尔著名的“一万小时定律”，这个吸引人的观点认为十年专注练习是精通一项技能的必要条件。)”可知，一万小时定律源自埃里克森关于小提琴手的研究。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“The most striking result came when we narrowed our focus to top-level athletes — those competing at Olympic levels. For them, the effect of deliberate practice dropped to a mere one percent. Consider tennis: the average professional and Serena Williams have probably practiced comparable amounts, yet Williams stands far above the rest.(当我们把研究范围缩小到奥运级别的顶尖运动员时，得出了最惊人的结果。对他们而言，刻意练习的影响降到仅百分之一。以网球为例：普通职业选手和塞雷娜·威廉姆斯的练习时长或许相差无几，但威廉姆斯的水平远超其他人。)”可知，作者举这个例子是为了阐释这项研究的发现。 【30题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The most striking result came when we narrowed our focus to top-level athletes — those competing at Olympic levels. For them, the effect of deliberate practice dropped to a mere one percent.(当我们把研究范围缩小到奥运级别的顶尖运动员时，得出了最惊人的结果。对他们而言，刻意练习的影响降到仅百分之一。)”可知，在最高水平的竞技层面，练习的决定性作用变弱。 【31题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文并结合第四段“Practice is therefore necessary but far from sufficient. Other factors — including personality traits like confidence, cognitive abilities, physical build and even genetics — also play important parts.(因此，练习是必要的，但远远不够。其他因素——包括自信等性格特征、认知能力、体格，甚至基因——也起着重要作用。)”可知，文章先质疑“一万小时定律”，通过研究证明刻意练习的作用有限，指出性格、认知、体型、基因等其他因素同样塑造卓越，C项“练习之外：是什么造就卓越？”最适合作为文章标题。 D Our kids were playing the board game Settlers of Catan(桌游《卡坦岛》). Or rather, they weren’t. They’d rearranged the pieces into new islands, created bridges the designers never imagined, and invented a network-connectivity purpose unrelated to earning points. Playing a game is one thing; playing in it is another. When you follow official rules and compete against opponents for scores, that’s playing a game. But when our kids turned the disassembled board into a world, they were actually playing in the game — free, spontaneous, unstructured play. The kind with no winner, no score, and no pursuit of efficiency. The kind we need most amid score-driven adult leisure. Take digital life, for instance. It pushes us towards chasing outputs rather than generating meaning. Fitness apps turn runs into contests; meditation apps gamify stillness with streak counters(连续打卡计数器); language apps award badges for curiosity. Philosopher Kant names this value-capture(价值捕获): the process by which simplified game-style values colonise everyday activities. The Dutch historian Johnson saw this coming almost a century ago. He held that play is not secondary to civilisation but generative of it, with law, philosophy, poetry and war all emerging from play’s magic circle. Yet Johnson warned that play had been declining since the late 18th century, eroded by industrialisation and professionalisation. Even Legoand Minecraftnow direct free creation towards impressive public display. It’s not that we killed play; we captured it and tied it to productivity, stripping away conditions for free play. The British psychoanalyst(精神分析学家) Taylor recognised this absence as a clinical emergency. Play, he argued, is crucial to maintaining our worlds. Taylor’s key concept is transitional space: a mental state between private thought and public evaluation. Think of a conversation so engaging that we voice beliefs unknown to ourselves until we speak them aloud. It is where creativity, art and imaginative living originate, enabling what he terms creative apperception(创造性统觉) — active engagement with reality rather than passive reception. This creative apperception makes life feel worth living. For Taylor, play is the condition of feeling real on a daily basis. Schiller made the same case from a philosophical standpoint. He argued that human beings are torn between raw sensation and abstract order, with only play bridging the two. He famously wrote, “Man only plays when he is in the fullest sense of the word a human being, and he is only fully a human being when he plays.” If Taylor validates play’s psychological value, Schiller reveals its metaphysical(形而上学的) power to complete humanity. Johnson, Taylor and Schiller were right; play does make life worth living. The capacity for play — the willingness to stop maximising, to wander aimlessly, to make something and give it away — is itself a virtue to be practised daily, not earned as a reward. It is the habit of playing well. The ordinary magic of being real.  32. How does the author view the children’s way of playing the board game? A. Supportive. B. Cautious.           C. Critical.            D. Indifferent. 33. According to the passage, what can be learned about the scholars?  A. Kant holds that digital life discourages chasing outputs. B. Johnson thinks industrialisation frees modern play. C. Taylor suggests play helps people feel truly alive.  D. Schiller regards play as something fit for children. 34. What does the word “colonise” underlined in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A. Scale up.  B. Spread through.     C. Call off.          D. Act on. 35. Which of the following would the author most likely agree with? A. Play should help develop personal skills. B. Play is primarily a form of entertainment. C. Meaningful goals make free play possible.   D.  Free play resists the demand for efficiency. 【答案】32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章借孩子玩桌游引出自由无目的玩耍，批判功利化游戏，引用多位学者观点，说明自由玩耍对人意义重大。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“When you follow official rules and compete against opponents for scores, that’s playing a game. But when our kids turned the disassembled board into a world, they were actually playing in the game — free, spontaneous, unstructured play. The kind with no winner, no score, and no pursuit of efficiency. The kind we need most amid score-driven adult leisure.( 当你遵循官方规则，与对手竞争分数时，那才是玩游戏。但当我们的孩子将拆散的棋盘变成一个世界时，他们实际上是在游戏中自由、自发地玩耍——一种没有赢家、没有分数、也不追求效率的游戏。这种游戏正是我们在以分数为导向的成人休闲生活中最需要的。)”可推知，作者对这种玩法持支持、肯定的态度。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“This creative apperception makes life feel worth living. For Taylor, play is the condition of feeling real on a daily basis.( 这种创造性统觉让生活变得值得体验。对泰勒而言，游戏正是让我们每天都能感受到真实存在的必要条件。)” 可知，泰勒认为游戏有助于人们真正感受到生活的充实。 【34题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Fitness apps turn runs into contests; meditation apps gamify stillness with streak counters(连续打卡计数器); language apps award badges for curiosity.( 健身应用把跑步变成比赛；冥想应用通过连续打卡计数器让静坐变得有趣；语言学习应用则为好奇心颁发徽章。)”以及划线单词句中“Philosopher Kant names this value-capture (价值捕获): the process by which simplified game-style values … everyday activities.( 哲学家康德称之为“价值俘获”：即简化后的游戏式价值观……日常活动的过程。)”可知，健身、冥想、语言学习等日常活动都被加入了打卡、积分、徽章等游戏化机制，也就是游戏化的价值逻辑渗透、扩散到了日常活动中。colonise本义为“殖民”，此处引申为“渗透、遍布”，与B选项 spread through“扩散、遍布”含义最接近。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“The kind with no winner, no score, and no pursuit of efficiency. The kind we need most amid score-driven adult leisure.( 没有赢家，没有得分，也不追求效率。在以得分为导向的成人休闲中，我们最需要的那种。)”且全文批判了将玩耍与效率、产出绑定的现象，因此作者会认同“自由玩耍抵抗效率要求”这一观点。 第二节(共5小题; 每小题2分，共10分) 请根据括号中的提示词完成下列句子。 36. 时不时与朋友见面是很重要的，不能只是利用社交媒体交流。(from time to time, in person) (汉译英) __________________________________________________ 【答案】It’s important to meet friends in person from time to time, not just on social media. 【解析】 【详解】本句陈述一般性观点，用一般现在时。“……是很重要的”用句型It’s important to do sth.，其中It作形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语；“与朋友见面”译为meet friends；“亲自/当面”用固定短语in person；“时不时”用from time to time；“不能只是利用社交媒体交流”译为not just (communicate) on social media，其中on social media表示“在社交媒体上”，与前文构成对比，省略重复的动词避免冗余。整合得It’s important to meet friends in person from time to time, not just on social media. 37. 但是，不是每件事都像张天希望的那样。(live up to) (汉译英) __________________________________________________ 【答案】However, not everything lived up to Zhang Tian’s hopes. 【解析】 【详解】表示“但是”用however，放在句首首字母大写。表示“不是每件事”用not everything作主语。表示“不辜负、达到……的预期”用固定短语live up to，结合语境描述过去既定的事实，句子用一般过去时，live的过去式为lived。表示“张天的期望”用Zhang Tian’s hopes作live up to的宾语。 38. 来贵州教书对他来说是一次不寻常的体验。(Guizhou Province) (汉译英) __________________________________________________ 【答案】Coming to Guizhou Province to teach has been quite an experience for him. 【解析】 【详解】句子可看作描述过去发生的事对现在的影响，时态用现在完成时；“来贵州教书”可用动词短语come to Guizhou Province to teach，作主语用动名词coming，描述已知的经验，看作单数，系动词“是”用has been，表语“一次不寻常的体验”可用名词短语quite an experience，状语“对他来说”可用介词for和代词him搭配。 39. 我更喜欢和朋友一起运动，而不是独自锻炼。（prefer to...rather than）（汉译英） __________________________________________________ 【答案】I prefer to play sports with friends rather than exercise by myself. 【解析】 【详解】句子陈述习惯性行为，用一般现在时即可；“比起……更喜欢……，宁愿……而不愿……”可用固定句型prefer to do...rather than do...表达，“和朋友一起运动”表达为play sports with friends，“独自锻炼”表达为exercise by oneself；主语是I，谓语动词prefer用原形，oneself对应myself。 40. 跑步是了解自己、了解自己能力的最好的方法。（be capable of）(汉译英) __________________________________________________ 【答案】There is (also) no better way than running to know yourself and to see what you are capable of. 【解析】 【详解】表示“最好的方法”即“没有比……更好的方式”用There is (also) no better way than...。表示“跑步”用动名词running作宾语。表示“了解自己”用不定式to know yourself作后置定语修饰way。表示“看到”用to see。表示“了解自己的能力”用宾语从句，从句主语用you，表示“能”用固定短语be capable of，从句缺少of的宾语，用what引导。 第三部分 书面表达(共两节，30分) 第一节(共4小题;第41、42、43题各2分，第44题4分，共10分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 A Taste of Luck and Sweetness On a cold and fresh February day, the kitchen was dusted with glutinous rice flour (糯米粉). Grandma stood beside the stove. Steam rose from the boiling pot, where tang yuan — soft rice balls — floated gently in sweet soup.  Every winter, I looked forward to the final day of Chinese New Year, when tang yuan is traditionally served. I always waited eagerly for the moment when the whole family gathered to enjoy the warm treat together.  To make tang yuan, glutinous rice flour is mixed with water and oil to form pliable (柔韧的) dough. The dough is cut and rolled into small balls, then boiled and served in sweet soup. Some tang yuan are plain, while others are stuffed with black sesame, red beans or peanuts. People often add sweet fermented rice (甜酒酿) and osmanthus (桂花) to enrich the flavor.  The 15-day Spring Festival celebrations end with the Lantern Festival, which marks the year’s first full moon. On this day, families share tang yuan. The white, round rice balls resemble the full moon and symbolize family reunion. Pronounced similarly to “tuan yuan,” tang yuan carries people’s best wishes for family togetherness. People also believe eating tang yuan brings good luck and fortune. Tang yuan dates back to the Song Dynasty in Ningbo, with early fillings made of lard (猪油), black sesame and sugar.  A traditional Han Dynasty story explains its cultural meaning. Yuan Xiao, a lonely palace maid, was separated from her family. To help her reunite with her parents, her friend Dongfang Shuo created a clever plan. He warned that the fire god would destroy the city unless people offered his favorite food — tang yuan. The emperor ordered all locals to make tang yuan under Yuan Xiao’s guidance. Finally, her family came and they reunited happily.  Now whenever I visit my grandma, we make tang yuan together. I especially love her brown-sugar flavor. My brother and I often compete while rolling dough, making every treat full of warmth. Making and tasting tang yuan always fills me with simple happiness and precious family memories. 41. According to the passage, what does tang yuan symbolize during the Lantern Festival? __________________________________________________ 42. What was the purpose of Dongfang Shuo’s plan? __________________________________________________ 43. How does the author feel about making and tasting tang yuan? __________________________________________________ 44. Besides Tang yuan, what traditional Chinese food means a lot to you and why? (In about 40 words) __________________________________________________ 【答案】41. It (Tang yuan) symbolizes family reunion. It also brings good luck and fortune. 42. He wanted/His purpose was to help Yuan Xiao reunite with her parents. 43. Making and tasting tang yuan always fills the writer with simple happiness and precious family memories. 44. Traditional dumplings mean a lot to me. They are the most important food during the Spring Festival. Making and sharing dumplings with my family has become our yearly tradition. It reminds me of warmth, love and the true meaning of family reunion every year.（答案不唯一） 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍汤圆的制作方法、元宵吃汤圆的寓意、汤圆的起源以及作者和奶奶一起做汤圆的温馨经历。 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“The white, round rice balls resemble the full moon and symbolize family reunion. Pronounced similarly to “tuan yuan,” tang yuan carries people’s best wishes for family togetherness. People also believe eating tang yuan brings good luck and fortune.(这些白色的圆形米团像满月并且象征阖家团圆。汤圆读音和“团圆”相近，承载着人们对于家人团聚的美好祝愿。人们也相信吃汤圆带来好运和财富)”可知，汤圆象征阖家团圆，也承载着人们对家人团聚的美好祝愿，人们认为吃汤圆能带来好运和财富。 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“To help her reunite with her parents, her friend Dongfang Shuo created a clever plan.(为了帮助她和父母团聚，她的朋友东方朔想出了一个巧妙的计策)”可知，东方朔计策的目的是帮助元宵和她的父母团聚。 【43题详解】 考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Making and tasting tang yuan always fills me with simple happiness and precious family memories.(制作和品尝汤圆总是让我充满简单的幸福和珍贵的家庭回忆)”可知，作者在制作、品尝汤圆时心中充满简单的幸福以及珍贵的家庭回忆。 【44题详解】 开放表达题。要求写出另一种对你意义重大的中国传统食物并说明理由。答案符合题意和字数要求即可。例如可回答：Traditional dumplings mean a lot to me. They are the most important food during the Spring Festival. Making and sharing dumplings with my family has become our yearly tradition. It reminds me of warmth, love and the true meaning of family reunion every year. 第二节(20分) 45. 假如你是红星中学高一学生李华，你们学校外教 Mr. Smith 想为本学期英语阅读兴趣小组的读书活动选择一本书，请你用英文给他写一封邮件，推荐一本书。内容包括： 1. 推荐书名、作者及主要内容； 2. 推荐理由。 注意：词数 100 左右； 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Mr. Smith, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours,  Li Hua 【答案】 例文 Dear Mr. Smith, I’d like to recommend Wonder by R. J. Palacio for our reading group. The book tells the story of August Pullman, a ten-year-old boy born with a badly deformed face. After years of home schooling, he goes to a real school for the first time, where he meets both unkind looks and true friendship. I recommend it for two reasons. First, the story is warm and the language is easy for senior one students. Second, it teaches us to be kind and accept people who look different, which is exactly what our reading group needs. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生给外教Mr. Smith写邮件，为英语阅读兴趣小组推荐书籍。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 不同的：different→**distinct** 畸形（面部缺陷）：deformed → disfigured 接纳：accept → embrace 正是；恰恰：exactly → precisely 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The book tells the story of August Pullman, a ten-year-old boy born with a badly deformed face. 拓展句：The book tells the story of August Pullman, who is a ten-year-old boy born with a badly deformed face. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】After years of home schooling, he goes to a real school for the first time, where he meets both unkind looks and true friendship. (运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型 2】Second, it teaches us to be kind and accept people who look different, which is exactly what our reading group needs. (运用了who引导的定语从句、which引导的非限制性定语从句以及what引导的表语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年度第一学期期中练习 高一英语 考试时间：90分钟 第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30分) 第一节(共10小题; 每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 For most of my life, the first snowflake sent me rushing indoors, where I would stay for months. But last winter, I decided I needed a ____1____ that would get me outside; otherwise, I would never survive the winters of the Rocky Mountains. One morning, I drove to Eldora, the nearest ski resort to my cabin. I had always been ____2____ to try skiing. Watching friends recover from injuries made me wonder if the fun was worth the risk. As a rock climber, though, I understood that risk could be managed and I could take my time. On my first run down the beginner slope, I picked up speed faster than I expected, and with no idea how to stop, I ____3____ and tumbled (跌倒) onto my side. My face turned red when I noticed a few people watching, but I swallowed my ____4____ and tried again. After a few more runs, focusing on balance and making gentle turns, I started to ____5____ the motions. Soon I tried a harder run. Staring down the slope, I wasn’t sure I would make it to the bottom. But I had committed to giving it a ____6____, so I pushed off. I made my first turn, checked for faster skiers behind me, and then I made another. Within minutes, I had done it. For the first time all day, I felt in control of the skis. Just like that, I was ____7____.  Over the next few months, I skied as often as I could and I fell less often. I began to  ____8____ the drops of sweat on my forehead between runs, and the ice crystals in my hair made me feel like a mountain goddess. I never expected to adapt so comfortably to ski culture. My skis now feel like a secret key to a community that values fun,  ____9____ and the great outdoors. I still don’t love the cold, but it now gives me something to  ____10____ each winter. 1. A. hobby  B. job  C. habit  D. reason 2. A. afraid  B. hesitant  C. curious  D. eager 3. A. jumped  B. slid  C. tripped  D. dropped 4. A. excitement  B. disappointment     C. confusion  D. pride 5. A. catch sight of  B. get the hang of  C. take the place of  D. make fun of 6. A. shot  B. thought  C. rest  D. hand 7. A. puzzled  B. concerned  C. inspired  D. hooked 8. A. accept  B. fear  C. love  D. ignore 9. A. freedom  B. safety  C. comfort  D. adventure 10. A. celebrate  B. face  C. anticipate  D. change 第二节(共10小题; 每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 A 语法填空 Zhang Tian’s first year is almost over. It has been a tough year, but he _____11_____ (enjoy) working with the children. What made him feel _____12_____ (satisfy) was that his students became more confident in learning. Besides teaching, Zhang Tian also _____13_____ (bring) changes to the village. He contacted charity organisations about _____14_____ (set) up a library and rebuilding the playground, and helped the villagers sell local products online.  B 语法填空 In Shenzhen, schools do not buy uniforms for students. Instead, students and parents can buy them ____15____ (independent) from stores or online delivery platforms. Surprisingly, such great convenience ____16____ (go) hand in hand with high quality. To make sure the uniforms are of good quality, each uniform ____17____ (print) with a special QR code — a “uniform supervision code”. If you scan the code, you can get detailed information about the uniform. C 语法填空 When Charles Darwin was young, he did not look like someone ____18____ has a clear professional plan. Formal school lessons seemed less ____19____ (interest) to him, and he soon gave up medicine. However, he noticed small differences that were ignored by others and stayed curious long after others became bored. It was hard ____20____ (make) careful observations again and again, but he never stopped. In time, he became a great scientist. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，40分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，共30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Congratulations on your acceptance to Northhaven University School of the Arts! To help you get started with next steps, we’ve created the below guide to help you along the way. Don’t hesitate to reach out to soastudentaffairs@northhaven.edu if you have any questions. We look forward to seeing you on campus! IMPORTANT DATES Orientation (迎新会) Week begins Monday, August 31, 2026. The School of the Arts New Student Orientation is September 1, 2026. Classes begin Tuesday, September 8, 2026. Information regarding orientation events for your academic program will be forthcoming. You will receive more information about the Orientation, as well as course and registration information, from the Office of Student Affairs this summer. Activate Your NUID (Northhaven University Identity) & Northhaven Email To activate your NUID, proceed to the following website: http://northhaven.edu/its/manage-my-nuid. Click “Activate my NUID.” On the next two pages, accept the “Computer and Network Use Policy”. You will then be directed to a page asking that you enter your NUID. On this page, click next to “Don’t know your NUID” to begin the activation process; then follow the instructions from there. Once your NUID is activated, you will be able to use your Northhaven email. The email address is both the School’s and the University’s official means of communication with all students. Therefore, once your Northhaven email is activated, this is the email that will be used to communicate with you. Emergency Contact We require each student to provide at least one emergency contact’s phone number, email address, and physical address. You can update your emergency contact information in MyNorthhaven once your NUID is activated.  Immunization (免疫接种) Requirements To meet with the state public health law, Northhaven requires all students to complete several immunization requirements and submit documentation upon admission. ​Students whose immunization records are not up to date will not be permitted to move into housing and to participate in Orientation activities.  21. What will students receive from the university? A. Emergency contact forms.                B. Immunization approval letters. C. Instructions for NUID activation.          D. Details of orientation and registration. 22. What are students required to do with their NUID? A. Set it up right after acceptance.            B. Activate it before using email. C. Use it to attend the orientation.            D. Receive it by email this summer. 23. The main purpose of the passage is to ________. A. list the important dates for the new term B. attract future applicants to the university C. inform students of pre-arrival preparations D. remind students of immunization requirements B Cheat! Mo and Terry had been inseparable in their high school. Yet for the past fortnight, Terry had stopped answering Mo’s calls and messages. Whenever they passed in the corridor, she looked away as though Mo were a stranger. It made Mo feel as if she were losing a friend without knowing why. During the physics exam, when Mo looked up for a short break, she saw Terry a few rows away, her phone resting on her knee beneath the desk. Terry’s thumb moved quickly across the screen. Mo’s heart gave an uncomfortable jump. Was that how Terry had always stayed at the top of the class? The thought made her feel both angry and foolish — angry at Terry, and foolish for having believed their friendship was so solid. After the bell, Mo wanted to forget what she had seen. Yet the more she tried to ignore it, the more unfair it felt. If Terry had been cheating, every high mark she had earned would be built on something dishonest. That evening, Mo met Mr. Reed in the library. She almost walked past him, but the words stayed stuck in her mind until she could not carry them alone. The next exam, Mo sat behind Terry again. Terry reached down and brought her phone onto her lap again. Mo’s hands grew cold. She did not want to be the person who caused trouble for a friend, but she could not pretend she had seen nothing. When her eyes met Mr. Reed’s, she nodded. Mr. Reed crossed the room silently, took Terry’s paper and asked her to leave. Terry looked up, confused and hurt, but said nothing. After the exam, Terry found Mo outside the classroom. Her eyes were red, but her voice was steady. “Why did you do that?” she asked. Mo’s throat tightened. “I thought you were cheating.” Terry drew in a slow breath. “My dad had been ill for weeks, and this morning he had heart surgery. I wasn’t looking at answers. I was waiting for a message from my mum.” The words landed heavily. Mo felt her face grow warm as shame spread through her chest. She had been so certain she was doing the right thing that she had not stopped to consider there might be another explanation. Mr. Reed later accepted Terry’s explanation, though she still had to retake the exam. Mo apologised, and Terry’s expression softened. “I was scared,” Terry said. “I didn’t know how to tell anyone.” Mo nodded, understanding that friendship required more than loyalty, it required honesty, patience and the readiness to listen instead of rushing to judge. 24. What can be inferred about Terry before the physics exam? A. She was worried about her father’s condition. B. She was angry with Mo’s misunderstanding. C. She was busy preparing for the exam alone. D. She was planning to cheat in the exam.  25. What made Mo decide to tell Mr. Reed about Terry? A. She believed it was a student’s duty to report cheating.  B. She felt she could no longer keep what she had seen to herself. C. She wanted to make sure Terry was punished for cheating in exam. D. She thought she could help Terry avoid making the same mistake again. 26. Which of the following best describes Mo’s personality? A. Confident and independent.               B. Stubborn and cold-hearted. C. Principled and reflective.                 D. Jealous and dishonest. 27. What can we learn from the passage? A. Judging comes before understanding. B. Loyalty alone cannot save friendship. C. Fairness is more important than honesty. D. Friendship requires listening before judging. C We have all heard that “practice makes perfect,” and many of us firmly believe it. But is this popular belief actually true? In 1993, psychologist K. Anders Ericsson proposed the “deliberate(刻意的)-practice view,” arguing that high-quality practice largely explains why some people become experts while others remain mediocre (平庸的). His study found that Berlin’s best young violinists had accumulated an average of 10,000 hours of practice by age 20 — more than their lower-skilled peers. This work later inspired Malcolm Gladwell’s memorable “10,000-hour rule,” the appealing idea that a decade of focused practice is the price of expertise. As the Olympics get underway in Rio, we might well wonder if we could have been on a field of our dreams had we practiced until we were nearly perfect. My colleagues and I recently published a meta-analysis pooling decades of research on deliberate practice and sports performance. We found that deliberate practice accounted for an average of only 18 percent of sports performance differences. That is, when comparing higher-skilled athletes to less-skilled ones in the same sport, practice explained only a minority of the differences in their performances. Eighteen percent is not insignificant — but it is a far cry from the claim that practice largely explains success. The result also runs counter to the popular idea that starting earlier is always better: higher-skilled athletes had begun their sport at about the same age as their less-skilled counterparts. This stability held across different types of sports and athletes. The most striking result came when we narrowed our focus to top-level athletes — those competing at Olympic levels. For them, the effect of deliberate practice dropped to a mere one percent. Consider tennis: the average professional and Serena Williams have probably practiced comparable amounts, yet Williams stands far above the rest. Practice is therefore necessary but far from sufficient. Other factors — including personality traits like confidence, cognitive abilities, physical build and even genetics — also play important parts. What does this mean for parents and coaches? They should recognize that practice alone does not define the path to excellence. With evidence-based knowledge, parents can decide which activities to pursue based on their children’s abilities, traits, enjoyment and interest. If a child focuses on only one activity in pursuit of becoming “the best,” they might miss activities where they could really excel. In short, effort is more likely to translate into excellence when guided by evidence, not by the appealing notion that 10,000 hours alone makes an Olympian. 28. According to the passage, the “10,000-hour rule”_________. A. claims 10,000 hours guarantees expertise. B. was first named by Gladwell’s team. C. grew out of Ericsson’s violin study. D. is now widely doubted by experts. 29. Why does the author mention the average professional and Serena Williams? A. To raise an opposing idea.                 B. To illustrate a research finding. C. To question a study’s reliability.             D. To compare two different factors. 30. What can we learn from the passage? A. Practice is less decisive at the highest levels. B. Talent matters more than deliberate practice. C. Starting early results in better performance. D. Practice explains most athletic excellence. 31. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. The Hidden Factors: Why Some Excel? B. Practice Makes Perfect: A Truth Revisited. C. Beyond Practice: What Shapes Excellence? D. Ten Thousand Hours: The Making of an Expert. D Our kids were playing the board game Settlers of Catan(桌游《卡坦岛》). Or rather, they weren’t. They’d rearranged the pieces into new islands, created bridges the designers never imagined, and invented a network-connectivity purpose unrelated to earning points. Playing a game is one thing; playing in it is another. When you follow official rules and compete against opponents for scores, that’s playing a game. But when our kids turned the disassembled board into a world, they were actually playing in the game — free, spontaneous, unstructured play. The kind with no winner, no score, and no pursuit of efficiency. The kind we need most amid score-driven adult leisure. Take digital life, for instance. It pushes us towards chasing outputs rather than generating meaning. Fitness apps turn runs into contests; meditation apps gamify stillness with streak counters(连续打卡计数器); language apps award badges for curiosity. Philosopher Kant names this value-capture(价值捕获): the process by which simplified game-style values colonise everyday activities. The Dutch historian Johnson saw this coming almost a century ago. He held that play is not secondary to civilisation but generative of it, with law, philosophy, poetry and war all emerging from play’s magic circle. Yet Johnson warned that play had been declining since the late 18th century, eroded by industrialisation and professionalisation. Even Legoand Minecraftnow direct free creation towards impressive public display. It’s not that we killed play; we captured it and tied it to productivity, stripping away conditions for free play. The British psychoanalyst(精神分析学家) Taylor recognised this absence as a clinical emergency. Play, he argued, is crucial to maintaining our worlds. Taylor’s key concept is transitional space: a mental state between private thought and public evaluation. Think of a conversation so engaging that we voice beliefs unknown to ourselves until we speak them aloud. It is where creativity, art and imaginative living originate, enabling what he terms creative apperception(创造性统觉) — active engagement with reality rather than passive reception. This creative apperception makes life feel worth living. For Taylor, play is the condition of feeling real on a daily basis. Schiller made the same case from a philosophical standpoint. He argued that human beings are torn between raw sensation and abstract order, with only play bridging the two. He famously wrote, “Man only plays when he is in the fullest sense of the word a human being, and he is only fully a human being when he plays.” If Taylor validates play’s psychological value, Schiller reveals its metaphysical(形而上学的) power to complete humanity. Johnson, Taylor and Schiller were right; play does make life worth living. The capacity for play — the willingness to stop maximising, to wander aimlessly, to make something and give it away — is itself a virtue to be practised daily, not earned as a reward. It is the habit of playing well. The ordinary magic of being real.  32. How does the author view the children’s way of playing the board game? A. Supportive. B. Cautious.           C. Critical.            D. Indifferent. 33. According to the passage, what can be learned about the scholars?  A. Kant holds that digital life discourages chasing outputs. B. Johnson thinks industrialisation frees modern play. C. Taylor suggests play helps people feel truly alive.  D. Schiller regards play as something fit for children. 34. What does the word “colonise” underlined in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A. Scale up.  B. Spread through.     C. Call off.          D. Act on. 35. Which of the following would the author most likely agree with? A. Play should help develop personal skills. B. Play is primarily a form of entertainment. C. Meaningful goals make free play possible.   D.  Free play resists the demand for efficiency. 第二节(共5小题; 每小题2分，共10分) 请根据括号中的提示词完成下列句子。 36. 时不时与朋友见面是很重要的，不能只是利用社交媒体交流。(from time to time, in person) (汉译英) __________________________________________________ 37. 但是，不是每件事都像张天希望的那样。(live up to) (汉译英) __________________________________________________ 38. 来贵州教书对他来说是一次不寻常的体验。(Guizhou Province) (汉译英) __________________________________________________ 39. 我更喜欢和朋友一起运动，而不是独自锻炼。（prefer to...rather than）（汉译英） __________________________________________________ 40. 跑步是了解自己、了解自己能力的最好的方法。（be capable of）(汉译英) __________________________________________________ 第三部分 书面表达(共两节，30分) 第一节(共4小题;第41、42、43题各2分，第44题4分，共10分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 A Taste of Luck and Sweetness On a cold and fresh February day, the kitchen was dusted with glutinous rice flour (糯米粉). Grandma stood beside the stove. Steam rose from the boiling pot, where tang yuan — soft rice balls — floated gently in sweet soup.  Every winter, I looked forward to the final day of Chinese New Year, when tang yuan is traditionally served. I always waited eagerly for the moment when the whole family gathered to enjoy the warm treat together.  To make tang yuan, glutinous rice flour is mixed with water and oil to form pliable (柔韧的) dough. The dough is cut and rolled into small balls, then boiled and served in sweet soup. Some tang yuan are plain, while others are stuffed with black sesame, red beans or peanuts. People often add sweet fermented rice (甜酒酿) and osmanthus (桂花) to enrich the flavor.  The 15-day Spring Festival celebrations end with the Lantern Festival, which marks the year’s first full moon. On this day, families share tang yuan. The white, round rice balls resemble the full moon and symbolize family reunion. Pronounced similarly to “tuan yuan,” tang yuan carries people’s best wishes for family togetherness. People also believe eating tang yuan brings good luck and fortune. Tang yuan dates back to the Song Dynasty in Ningbo, with early fillings made of lard (猪油), black sesame and sugar.  A traditional Han Dynasty story explains its cultural meaning. Yuan Xiao, a lonely palace maid, was separated from her family. To help her reunite with her parents, her friend Dongfang Shuo created a clever plan. He warned that the fire god would destroy the city unless people offered his favorite food — tang yuan. The emperor ordered all locals to make tang yuan under Yuan Xiao’s guidance. Finally, her family came and they reunited happily.  Now whenever I visit my grandma, we make tang yuan together. I especially love her brown-sugar flavor. My brother and I often compete while rolling dough, making every treat full of warmth. Making and tasting tang yuan always fills me with simple happiness and precious family memories. 41. According to the passage, what does tang yuan symbolize during the Lantern Festival? __________________________________________________ 42. What was the purpose of Dongfang Shuo’s plan? __________________________________________________ 43. How does the author feel about making and tasting tang yuan? __________________________________________________ 44. Besides Tang yuan, what traditional Chinese food means a lot to you and why? (In about 40 words) __________________________________________________ 第二节(20分) 45. 假如你是红星中学高一学生李华，你们学校外教 Mr. Smith 想为本学期英语阅读兴趣小组的读书活动选择一本书，请你用英文给他写一封邮件，推荐一本书。内容包括： 1. 推荐书名、作者及主要内容； 2. 推荐理由。 注意：词数 100 左右； 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Mr. Smith, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours,  Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $