专题07 完形填空（专项训练）（全国通用）2027年春季高考英语
|
2份
|
45页
|
57人阅读
|
1人下载
内容正文：
专题07 完形填空（专项训练）
内容导航
方法总结・技巧提炼
一、命题规律与文体特征 2
二、三大核心规律 2
三、解题四步法（通用流程） 3
四、十二大核心技巧清单 3
五、不同文体的“秒杀”窍门 4
1. 记叙文：抓“情感曲线”与“动作链” 4
2. 新闻报道/人物通讯：抓“事迹+品质” 5
3. 说明文/议论文：抓“逻辑标志词”与“研究表明” 5
六、不同主题语境的“高频答案词库” 5
1. 人与社会（文化、责任、人际） 5
2. 人与自我（成长、心理、家庭） 5
3. 人与自然（生态、救援、探索） 6
七、高频易错陷阱（避坑秘籍） 6
题型探究・深度突破
题型01 记叙文完形 6
题型02 夹叙夹议完形 9
题型03 新闻报道/人物通讯完形 11
题型04 说明文/议论文完形 12
分层训练・达标过关
一、巩固过关（单句填空·按十二大技巧分类） 13
技巧1：首句定位法 13
技巧2：情感基调法 13
技巧3：同义/反义复现法 13
技巧4：显性逻辑词法 13
技巧5：隐性逻辑法 13
技巧6：固定搭配法 14
技巧7：代词指代法 14
技巧8：近义词辨析法 14
技巧9：动词辨析法 14
技巧10：主谓宾匹配法 14
技巧11：生活常识法 14
技巧12：句式对称法 14
二、能力提升（语篇专练） 15
Passage 1（2024九省联考卷·记叙文·人与社会·善意互助） 15
Passage 2（2025浙江卷·记叙文·人与自我·爱好与创业） 15
Passage 3（2024新课标II卷·夹叙夹议·人与社会·文化适应） 16
Passage 4（2023全国乙卷·人物通讯·人与自我·拼搏与成功） 17
本专题融合历年高考真题与名校模拟题的命题特征，提炼出“一眼看穿”完形填空的底层逻辑。
完形填空不是“翻译+选词”，而是一场“找线索游戏”。
只要掌握了核心规律与文体窍门，即使遇到生词，也能逻辑严密地锁定答案。
一、命题规律与文体特征
完形填空通常为一篇250词左右的短文，设15-20空，首句不设空，以实词（动词、名词、形容词、副词）为主，虚词为辅。核心考查语境推断能力与词汇辨析能力，而非单纯语法。
文体
特征
解题侧重
记叙文
有人物、情节、时间线、情感变化
抓情节发展和人物心理
说明文
有定义、分类、因果、举例
抓逻辑关系和词义复现
议论文
有观点、论据、结论
抓作者态度和论证逻辑
新闻报道
客观陈述事实，必跟精神升华
抓人物品质和事迹评价
夹叙夹议
前面讲故事，后面讲道理或感悟
找转折点，升华句定调
二、三大核心规律
规律1：首句定基调（Golden First Sentence）
首句通常不设空，直接交代人物身份、时间地点、核心冲突或文章主题。
精读首句，立刻定下“情感基调”（积极/消极/中性）。
（2025全国一卷）：“One August afternoon, I sat in my kitchen staring at a glass vase that hadn’t seen daylight since my wedding.” 首句直接奠定了“怀旧、清理杂物、断舍离”的基调，后续空格全部围绕这种“不舍却又无奈”的情感展开。
（2023新课标I卷）：“On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have -41- the course earlier than she did.” 首句交代比赛场景，奠定了“体育、意外、感人救援”基调。
规律2：上下必呼应（Contextual Echo）
每个空的答案都隐藏在前文或后文的某个词、某句话中。这是最高频的考点。
同义/近义复现：前文出现某个词，后文考它的同义词。
（2025全国一卷）：“We had decided on key items for the -42- we were moving to in town...” 后文出现了“I sit in my apartment today”，-42- 选 D. apartment。
（2023新课标I卷）：“Although the two young women were strangers before the -54-, they’ve since become friends.” 空格前是 strangers（陌生人），空格后是 friends（朋友），-54- 选 C. meet（相遇）。
反义对照：一旦看到 but, however, instead, yet，答案必然与前文反着来。
（2022全国乙卷）：“For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was -44- as evidence... But our -45- research results... -46- that idea.” 前文说“长期被解读为（interpreted）自我中心”，But 之后，研究结果必然是“反驳（contradicted）”了那个观点。
动作/逻辑链：动作有先后，逻辑有因果。
（2024九省联考卷）：“He... pulled out a tool set. Right then and there, this total -49- examined my engine... After about an hour, he -51- that my car was safe to finish the trip.” 前文作者车坏了，遇到陌生人（-49- 选 stranger），接着陌生人拿出工具、检查引擎、最后“宣布（pronounced）”安全。
规律3：词义定语境（Not Just Meaning, But Tone）
四个选项可能意思都通顺，但只有一个符合“感情色彩”或“人物身份”。
褒义语境绝不选贬义词，反之亦然。
（2023新课标I卷）：Bailey 帮助摔倒的竞争对手，记者问她为什么这么做，她说“I feel like I was just doing the right thing.” 所以面对大家的赞扬，她感到的是“困惑（confused）”，-51- 选 C. confused。
（2024九省联考卷）：陌生人帮作者修好车。“-52- came at the hands of a stranger.” 全文都在赞扬这种善举，因此空格处选 B. Kindness（善良），绝不可能选 Loneliness 或 Tiredness。
三、解题四步法（通用流程）
1. 通读全文，定基调：忽略空格，快速通读，抓住首句和结尾句。首句不设空是“题眼”。记叙文抓“情节链”，说明文抓“逻辑链”，议论文抓“观点链”。
2. 瞻前顾后，找线索：每个空的前后文必有线索。圈出同义复现、反义对照、逻辑连词（but, so, therefore）、举例解释、生活常识。
3. 代入排除，定答案：四个选项代入，看搭配是否地道（如take pride in），看感情色彩是否一致（褒贬不能错位）。
4. 回读验证，查连贯：填完后通读全文，检查人称、时态、语义是否连贯。
四、十二大核心技巧清单
技巧
核心
例证
1
首句定位法
通过首句明确时间、人物、事件，预判主题
2025全国一卷首句定“怀旧”基调
2
情感基调法
全文情感色彩（积极/消极）决定选项倾向
2023新课标I卷 Bailey“困惑”而非“骄傲”
3
同义/反义复现法
空格前后的同义词、反义词是最直接提示
2025全国一卷 “apartment”呼应前文
4
显性逻辑词法
根据and, but, so, because, although等判断句间关系
2022全国乙卷 But→contradicted
5
隐性逻辑法
通过时间顺序、动作承接、场景关联推断
动作链：穿外套→关门→淋雨
6
固定搭配法
依据动词+介词、名词+介词等搭配选择
2025全国一卷 take joy in → joy
7
代词指代法
通过代词的指代对象确定答案
前文复数名词→they
8
近义词辨析法
区分词汇的适用场景、情感色彩
2022天津卷 sounds vs voices
9
动词辨析法
区分动作含义、适用对象
2023全国乙卷 delivered vs carried
10
主谓宾匹配法
动词需与主语身份、能力一致
2021北京卷 Robots→perform
11
生活常识法
利用生活经验和常识解题
牙疼→dentist；下雨→umbrella
12
句式对称法
根据对称句式（not only...but also等）对应关系
either...or; the more...the more
五、不同文体的“秒杀”窍门
1. 记叙文：抓“情感曲线”与“动作链”
记叙文是高考主角，重点考查人物心理变化和动作先后。
情感曲线：跟着主人公的情绪起伏走。
动作链：看清谁对谁做了什么。
2025全国一卷：作者卖房清杂物，起初是不舍和烦躁，但当把东西免费送给别人时，“-49-, I posted more.” 因为受到了鼓舞（Encouraged），所以继续发帖。到了结尾，“I take -54- in knowing that... someone is -55- something...” 情绪最终落脚在“快乐（joy）”和“欣赏（appreciating）”上。整篇文章的情感是从“失落”走向“治愈”。
2025全国二卷（65岁奶奶健身）：“She only started to -41- seven years ago... Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a -45- lifestyle, before discovering a -46- for weightlifting.” 动作链是：开始锻炼（exercise）→ 遵循健康（healthy）生活方式 → 发现对举重的热爱（passion）。
2. 新闻报道/人物通讯：抓“事迹+品质”
新闻类文章客观陈述事实后，必跟精神升华。
2024浙江卷：中国西北的火车上，作者遇到一个修路工人，工人虽然干体力活，但每天坚持读书。“this highly informed, -52-, and admirable person prevented me doing so.” 空格处需填一个与 informed（有学问的）并列的褒义词，-52- 选 D. self-educated（自学成才的），直接点出人物品质。
2023全国乙卷：Gabby Douglas 成为体操奥运冠军。文章不仅写她拿了冠军（-55- winning），还写她“had to leave everything she -41- best” 去追求梦想。最后升华：“I’m ready to -60-.” 选 A. shine（闪耀），体现运动员光芒四射的拼搏精神。
3. 说明文/议论文：抓“逻辑标志词”与“研究表明”
2022全国乙卷（儿童躲猫猫研究）：通篇是科研逻辑。开头引出旧观点（egocentric），紧接着“But our -45- research results... -46- that idea.” 45空后面跟着 surprising（令人惊讶的），46空选 contradicted（反驳）。抓住了 But 这个逻辑词，瞬间秒杀。
2025全国二卷：“Hold on: Consider failure as a -50- to success and never give up.” 空格处需要一个逻辑词，把 failure 和 success 连接起来，选 D. stepping stone（垫脚石），符合“失败是成功之母”的因果递进逻辑。
六、不同主题语境的“高频答案词库”
1. 人与社会（文化、责任、人际）
核心语境：多元文化、互助、职业操守。
真题高频答案词：
2023新课标I卷：Bailey 放弃比赛去帮助竞争对手，结尾点题“the -55- of human kindness won the day.” -55- 选 B. display（展示）。
2024九省联考卷：陌生人修车，“-52- came at the hands of a stranger.” -52- 选 B. Kindness。
模拟题（祖母餐厅）：考到了 concept（理念）、cultural（文化的）、expose（接触）、passed on（传递）。直指“文化传承”与“社会责任”。
2. 人与自我（成长、心理、家庭）
核心语境：克服困难、情绪管理、亲情温暖。
真题高频答案词：
2024新课标I卷：作者跑步失败后转向骑行。“I’ve -54- a lot since then. I’ve come to accept that whatever -55- I set for myself, they just have to be my own.” -54- 选 B. matured（成熟了），-55- 选 C. goals（目标）。
2023新课标I卷：Bailey 救人后说“I feel like I was just doing the right thing.” 她的行为源于内心的“自我要求”。
模拟题（失忆母亲）：考到了 grateful（感激的）、memory（记忆）、disappointed（失望的）、satisfied（满意的）。
3. 人与自然（生态、救援、探索）
核心语境：动物保护、自然探索、环保。
真题高频答案词：
模拟题（救狗）：考到了 rescue（救援）、hanging（悬挂）、followed（跟随）、bite（咬）。动作词高度密集，必须符合动物行为逻辑。
模拟题（种香菜）：考到了 harvest（收获）、brightening up（点亮生活）、emerged（发芽）。
七、高频易错陷阱（避坑秘籍）
易错点
表现
正确策略
例证
脱离语境选词
只看单句，不看上下文
每个空至少读前后两句
2024新课标I卷：“To be honest, I -44-it!” 单看填 loved 或 hated 都行，但后文说“the pure boredom of jogging”，说明作者讨厌跑步，-44-必选 C. hated。
逻辑关系误判
把转折当因果
圈出逻辑标志词
看到 but/however，前后必定是反义词；看到 and，前后必定是近义词。
感情色彩错位
褒义语境选贬义词
标注全文情感基调
2023新课标I卷：Bailey 救人不图回报，记者问她，她感到困惑（confused），而非骄傲（proud）。
固定搭配不熟
take off/take up/take over
整理高频短语
2025全国一卷：“take -54-in” → joy（take joy in 固定搭配）；2023新课标I卷：“a big -52-” → deal（big deal 意为“大事”）。
考场避坑口诀：
1. 绝对不选“超纲词”：完全不认识且在真题中极少出现的，大概率是干扰项。
2. 警惕“局部通顺，全局矛盾”：必须回看上一句、下一句，看语义是否连贯。
3. 注意“连词”的警示作用：but/however前后反义，and前后近义。
4. 固定搭配条件反射：take joy in、be aware of、in honor of、pass on。
题型01 记叙文完形
【通法讲解】
记叙文完形以“人物经历+情感变化”为主线。先理清“谁-做了什么-结果如何-感受如何”，再逐空找情感线索和动作线索。重点抓情感曲线和动作链。
例1（2023新课标I卷）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have -41- the course earlier than she did. Her -42- came because she was carrying a -43- across the finish line.
As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her -44- when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She -45- to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with -46-. She couldn’t. Bailey then -47- to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get -48- attention.
Once there, Lenoue was -49- and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme -50- to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help.
As for Bailey, she is more -51- about why her act is considered a big -52-. “She was just crying. I couldn’t -53- her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”
Although the two young women were strangers before the -54-, they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the -55- of human kindness won the day.
41. A. designed B. followed C. changed D. finished
42. A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse
43. A. judge B. volunteer C. classmate D. competitor
44. A. race B. school C. town D. training
45. A. agreed B. returned C. stopped D. promised
46. A. courage B. aid C. patience D. advice
47. A. went away B. stood up C. stepped aside D. bent down
48. A. medical B. public C. constant D. equal
49. A. interrupted B. assessed C. identified D. appreciated
50. A. hunger B. pain C. cold D. tiredness
51. A. worried B. ashamed C. confused D. discouraged
52. A. game B. problem C. lesson D. deal
53. A. leave B. cure C. bother D. understand
54. A. ride B. test C. meet D. show
55. A. secret B. display C. benefit D. exchange
例2（2025全国二卷）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Evelyn Donohue is a 65-year-old grandma. She only started to -41- seven years ago after having a -42- call. She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues, which -43- led her to getting surgery. After that experience, she knew that she needed to make a -44-. Determined to turn her life around, Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a -45- lifestyle, before discovering a -46- for weightlifting.
Since setting out on the journey, the -47- lover has not only managed to -48- an impressive set of muscles - but also a huge following on social media.
The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no -49- others can’t look this good. She said it was all down to some key aspects.
“Hold on: Consider failure as a -50- to success and never give up. Stick to your plan,” she said. “-51- others: Lift others up on your journey. Success is sweeter when -52-.” She previously explained that “you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise ... the -53- is to feel good, not look good.”
Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out, but she has proved the -54- wrong in the best possible way and has indeed become an -55- for many social media users.
41. A. write B. travel C. exercise D. recover
42. A. goodwill B. timeout C. long-distance D. wake-up
43. A. normally B. ultimately C. suddenly D. automatically
44. A. change B. fortune C. wish D. deal
45. A. risky B. traditional C. comfortable D. healthy
46. A. demand B. secret C. passion D. cure
47. A. peace B. fitness C. fun D. nature
48. A. grow B. control C. activate D. relax
49. A. need B. choice C. reason D. difference
50. A. green light B. road block C. passing mark D. stepping stone
51. A. Help B. Consult C. Follow D. Forgive
52. A. accepted B. shared C. expected D. celebrated
53. A. goal B. case C. duty D. cost
54. A. instructors B. admirers C. beginners D. doubters
55. A. authority B. excuse C. inspiration D. option
例3（2024新课标I卷）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
I’ve been motivated – and demotivated – by other folks’ achievements all my life.
When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend -41- a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running -42-, but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was -43- for a “super,” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run – 15 miles. To be honest, I -44- it! Between the girl making my -45- seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only -46- I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!
So I -47- cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I -48- of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I -49- her bike and went for a ride. The -50-: The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. I’d never faced such -51-. That day, I got -52- by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as -53-.
I’ve -54- a lot since then. I’ve come to accept that whatever -55- I set for myself, they just have to be my own.
41. A. knew B. held C. won D. quit
42. A. regularly B. silently C. proudly D. recently
43. A. asking B. looking C. waiting D. training
44. A. made B. believed C. hated D. deserved
45. A. advantage B. achievement C. contribution D. influence
46. A. way B. risk C. place D. reason
47. A. gave up B. went on C. turned to D. dealt with
48. A. heard B. dreamed C. complained D. approved
49. A. painted B. borrowed C. bought D. parked
50. A. problem B. secret C. principle D. advice
51. A. dangers B. events C. opponents D. challenges
52. A. passed B. convinced C. admired D. stopped
53. A. reliable B. convenient C. familiar D. appealing
54. A. traveled B. matured C. missed D. worried
55. A. limits B. dates C. goals D. tests
55. C。无论作者设定什么“目标”，必须是自己的。goals。
题型02 夹叙夹议完形
【通法讲解】
夹叙夹议完形以“故事+感悟”为主线。前面讲故事，后面讲道理或感悟。解题时找“转折点”（通常在第三段或结尾出现），升华句定调，考查观点态度词。
例1（2022全国乙卷）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them, there’s something highly exciting about -41- someone else’s glance and making oneself unable to be seen.
However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably -42- at hiding. They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies -43-.
For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was -44- as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” creatures. But our -45- research results in child developmental psychology -46- that idea.
We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC. Each -47- sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or -48-. We then asked the child if she could -49- or hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t. The same -50- happened when the adult covered her own mouth: -51- children said that they couldn’t -52- to her.
A number of -53- ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The results were clear: Our young subjects -54- the questions and knew -55- what was asked of them. Their -56- to the questions reflected their true -57- that “I can see you only if you can see me, too.” They simply -58- mutual recognition and regard. Our -59- suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method -60- when others use it.
41. A. following B. taking C. escaping D. directing
42. A. clever B. bad C. scared D. quick
43. A. exposed B. examined C. untouched D. imbalanced
44. A. supported B. guaranteed C. imagined D. interpreted
45. A. disappointing B. mixed C. surprising D. desired
46. A. explained B. confirmed C. contradicted D. tested
47. A. parent B. child C. researcher D. doctor
48. A. feet B. nose C. hands D. ears
49. A. see B. help C. reach D. fool
50. A. event B. thing C. action D. accident
51. A. Yet B. Now C. Soon D. Once
52. A. speak B. listen C. turn D. wave
53. A. instructions B. descriptions C. experiments D. assumptions
54. A. comprehended B. predicted C. explored D. ignored
55. A. partly B. honestly C. vaguely D. exactly
56. A. responses B. approaches C. contribution D. sensitivity
57. A. ability B. belief C. identity D. purpose
58. A. hold back B. relate to C. insist on D. make up
59. A. limitations B. requirements C. theories D. findings
60. A. tentative B. impressive C. creative D. effective
题型03 新闻报道/人物通讯完形
【通法讲解】
新闻报道/人物通讯完形以“事迹+品质”为主线。客观陈述事实后，必跟精神升华。解题时抓人物品质（如devoted, vital）、客观事实（时态往往有过去与现在的切换），高频词往往在下文有同义复现。
例1（2024浙江卷）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China, I had the kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful -41- with a local that all travelers long for. A young Chinese man -42- me on the train. My -43- friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the -44- to practice my Chinese.
Over several hours he would tell me about how he had -45- a two-year professional school to quickly find a job -46- highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps most -47-, however, was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor. Without batting an eye he would -48- a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American -49- as a whole. “And what do you all learn about Russian authors?” I -50- him asking at one point.
It would have been easy to -51- my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, -52-, and admirable person prevented me doing so. In the course of a couple of hours, he -53- me just how much one can gain from -54- with an open mind, and a willingness to -55- with locals from all walks of life.
41. A. experiment B. encounter C. competition D. appointment
42. A. treated B. saved C. lectured D. approached
43. A. true B. so-called C. new D. long-lost
44. A. chance B. advice C. trouble D. right
45. A. visited B. financed C. attended D. founded
46. A. building B. sweeping C. checking D. guarding
47. A. typical B. obvious C. natural D. remarkable
48. A. publish B. quote C. copy D. download
49. A. writers B. historians C. workers D. students
50. A. anticipate B. imagine C. recall D. catch
51. A. look into B. rely on C. go over D. deal with
52. A. well-behaved B. multi-skilled C. warm-hearted D. self-educated
53. A. asked B. warned C. showed D. promised
54. A. traveling B. reading C. searching D. teaching
55. A. cooperate B. side C. negotiate D. engage
题型04 说明文/议论文完形
【通法讲解】
说明文/议论文完形以“逻辑链+观点态度”为主线。解题时先找主题句和结论句，再关注逻辑标志词（however, therefore, because, for example）和词义复现。重点抓逻辑标志词和研究表明。
例1（2025全国一卷）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One August afternoon, I sat in my kitchen staring at a glass vase that hadn’t seen daylight since my wedding.
My husband and I had just sold our house and we were busy -41- the beloved home our family had spent 23 years filling up. We had decided on key items for the -42- we were moving to in town, donated what we could, and rented a place to -43- our supposedly important objects. That left a house still -44- with things that, while not particularly -45-, didn’t belong in a landfill.
I took a picture of the vase and posted it online, for $10. A couple of messages came in, one wanting additional -46-, another asking for a price cut. As our -47- day drew near, I settled on a new price ($0) and reposted it. The -48-: “I hate this vase. Maybe you won’t.” In an instant, a woman raced into my house and left happily with the vase.
-49-, I posted more. My daily posts and the -50- I received became a precious ray of light in the chaos of my house. Each exchange provided a chance to -51- the landfill and to please another person I might not otherwise have -52-.
I sit in my apartment today, loving each of the -53- that share our small space. I take -54- in knowing that, somewhere nearby, someone is -55- something that couldn’t come with us.
41. A. painting over B. looking around C. emptying out D. pulling down
42. A. hotel B. office C. cottage D. apartment
43. A. store B. display C. sell D. repair
44. A. covered B. decorated C. stuffed D. equipped
45. A. conventional B. valuable C. complicated D. tolerable
46. A. fees B. photos C. receipts D. models
47. A. move B. pay C. market D. work
48. A. warning B. request C. description D. reply
49. A. Confused B. Interested C. Disappointed D. Encouraged
50. A. visits B. reports C. advice D. money
51. A. remove B. spare C. find D. check
52. A. investigated B. recognized C. encountered D. recommended
53. A. giveaways B. posts C. contributions D. belongings
54. A. joy B. part C. care D. time
55. A. anticipating B. appreciating C. delivering D. withdrawing
一、巩固过关（单句填空·按十二大技巧分类）
技巧1：首句定位法
1. During the summer vacation, I worked as a part-time waiter in a restaurant, and this unique ______ taught me a lot about patience.
A. experience B. lesson C. book D. game
2. After moving to a new city, Lisa felt lonely and missed her old friends, so she decided to ______ new people.
A. meet B. ignore C. avoid D. forget
技巧2：情感基调法
3. Though she failed many times in the experiment, her ______ never disappeared, which moved all her teammates.
A. courage B. fear C. doubt D. sadness
4. After losing his job, he sat alone in the dark room, feeling deep ______ that he couldn't put into words.
A. excitement B. happiness C. sadness D. hope
技巧3：同义/反义复现法
5. The old man was very tired. In fact, he was so ______ that he could hardly stand up.
A. energetic B. exhausted C. happy D. excited
6. Unlike his sister who is very talkative, he is quite ______.
A. outgoing B. quiet C. active D. noisy
技巧4：显性逻辑词法
7. She studied day and night, ______ she didn't pass the exam.
A. and B. but C. so D. or
8. He missed the bus, ______ he was late for school.
A. but B. because C. so D. though
技巧5：隐性逻辑法
9. He put on his jacket, ______ the door and walked into the rain.
A. opened B. closed C. knocked D. painted
10. She washed the vegetables, ______ them into small pieces and put them in the pot.
A. cut B. cooked C. ate D. sold
技巧6：固定搭配法
11. She apologized ______ being late for the meeting.
A. to B. for C. with D. about
12. He came up ______ a good idea to solve the problem.
A. with B. to C. for D. in
技巧7：代词指代法
13. I bought a new bike. ______ is red and I like it very much.
A. He B. She C. It D. They
14. Lily and Lucy are twins. ______ often wear the same clothes.
A. We B. You C. They D. She
技巧8：近义词辨析法
15. The little girl ______ when she couldn't find her mother in the supermarket.
A. cried B. laughed C. smiled D. cheered
16. The wind ______ through the trees on a quiet night.
A. blew B. ran C. walked D. jumped
技巧9：动词辨析法
17. He ______ the book carefully before buying it.
A. looked B. saw C. read D. watched
18. The police ______ the suspect for hours to get more information.
A. questioned B. asked C. inquired D. talked
技巧10：主谓宾匹配法
19. Librarians ______ books and help readers find what they need.
A. borrow B. manage C. sell D. destroy
20. Postmen ______ letters and packages to people's homes.
A. receive B. deliver C. buy D. burn
技巧11：生活常识法
21. People usually put food in the ______ to keep it fresh.
A. refrigerator B. oven C. microwave D. washing machine
22. When you have a toothache, you should go to see a ______.
A. doctor B. dentist C. teacher D. engineer
技巧12：句式对称法
23. Learning a language is not only interesting ______ also useful.
A. but B. and C. or D. so
24. The more you practice, the ______ you will become.
A. good B. better C. best D. well
二、能力提升（语篇专练）
Passage 1（2024九省联考卷·记叙文·人与社会·善意互助）
I was halfway across Indiana headed home to Kentucky when my car broke down. My phone was -41- , too. I managed to get to a gas station, but it was Sunday in the early fall, and there was no -42- on duty. I was working my way through university then and had little money for -43- the car.
I sat alongside my car for several hours trying to -44- the heat when an older gentleman -45- to fuel his car. He asked about my car, and I -46- my predicament (困境). To my -47- , the gentleman told me that he had a daughter my age, and then he opened his trunk and -48- a tool set.
Right then and there, this total -49- examined my engine, explaining as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn't been changed for so long that they were -50- to function. After about an hour, he -51- that my car was safe to finish the trip.
-52- came at the hands of a stranger. -53- his clothes, working on a hot September afternoon, this man -54- a college student from disaster, just because she could have been his -55- .
41. A. busy B. loud C. dead D. secure
42. A. mechanic B. policeman C. manager D. guide
43. A. washing B. parking C. purchasing D. maintaining
44. A. feel B. beat C. absorb D. produce
45. A. promised B. refused C. stopped D. volunteered
46. A. solved B. noticed C. escaped D. explained
47. A. surprise B. regret C. amusement D. disappointment
48. A. called up B. pulled out C. put down D. threw away
49. A. liar B. beginner C. stranger D. loser
50. A. free B. ready C. uncertain D. unable
51. A. pronounced B. agreed C. discovered D. doubted
52. A. Tiredness B. Kindness C. Loneliness D. Carefulness
53. A. Folding B. Drying C. Soiling D. Mending
54. A. saved B. called C. judged D. banned
55. A. friend B. daughter C. coworker D. customer
Passage 2（2025浙江卷·记叙文·人与自我·爱好与创业）
Manuela Ribeiro has a healthy addiction. It's -41- . A few months ago, the 30-year-old teacher decided it was time to put her -42- to good use. She signed up on the website Bookalokal, and now welcomes -43- into her Brussels flat twice a week for dinner parties.
Ribeiro -44- €35 per person for what is usually a three-course meal that can last up to three hours. For Ribeiro, it has become a perfect platform for -45- her hobby of buying food, -46- new recipes and holding dinner parties.
"It's a great opportunity to share my passion for food and to -47- new people," said Ribeiro. Sometimes she prepares traditional Brazilian dishes -48- her native home; other times she -49- dinner courses with her favorite beers.
The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with a great deal of freedom, as -50- to a restaurant where the service is -51- , the menu is known in advance, and the meal is expected to be no -52- .
"But it's also a great -53- , for it can sometimes take days to -54- a single event," Ribeiro said. "This platform is not only -55- for professional cooks, but also for those willing to discover new experiences."
41. A. reading B. traveling C. cooking D. teaching
42. A. hobby B. energy C. education D. money
43. A. coworkers B. students C. relatives D. strangers
44. A. pays B. charges C. owes D. raises
45. A. pursuing B. choosing C. discussing D. changing
46. A. passing on B. trying out C. going over D. taking down
47. A. hire B. help C. meet D. train
48. A. in addition to B. in return for C. in honor of D. in line with
49. A. replaces B. tastes C. orders D. pairs
50. A. opposed B. related C. subject D. vital
51. A. invaluable B. impersonal C. unsuitable D. unprofessional
52. A. surprise B. end C. need D. problem
53. A. lesson B. pleasure C. success D. challenge
54. A. celebrate B. record C. attend D. organise
55. A. selected B. reserved C. evaluated D. requested
Passage 3（2024新课标II卷·夹叙夹议·人与社会·文化适应）
When I decided to buy a house in Europe ten years ago, I didn’t think too long. I liked traveling in France, but when it came to picking my favorite spot to -41- , Italy was the clear winner.
During my first visit to Italy, I -42- to ask for directions or order in a restaurant. But every time I tried to -43- a sentence of Italian together, the locals smiled at me and -44- my language skills. That encouragement helped me to get through the language -45- . After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered how -46- Italians are. Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to -47- me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. It’s these small -48- of kindness that make a new country feel like home.
As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my -49- quite like Italy. Each town has its own traditional -50- , and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another. Families -51- for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can -52- . These meals are always -53- by laughter and joy. Whatever -54- life in Italy might have, the problems are -55- once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family.
41. A. study B. rent C. visit D. settle
42. A. planned B. struggled C. refused D. happened
43. A. string B. hang C. mix D. match
44. A. improved B. assessed C. admired D. praised
45. A. course B. barrier C. area D. test
46. A. open-minded B. strong-willed C. warm-hearted D. well-informed
47. A. remind B. allow C. persuade D. order
48. A. tricks B. promises C. acts D. duties
49. A. ambition B. success C. appetite D. growth
50. A. costume B. dish C. symbol D. tale
51. A. gather B. cheer C. leave D. wait
52. A. put up with B. stand up for C. come up with D. make up for
53. A. signaled B. confirmed C. represented D. accompanied
54. A. disadvantages B. meanings C. surprises D. opportunities
55. A. created B. forgotten C. understood D. identified
Passage 4（2023全国乙卷·人物通讯·人与自我·拼搏与成功）
To become the Olympic champion in the individual all-around event, Gabby Douglas had to leave everything she -41- best. She had to -42- her bedroom in Virginia. She had to say -43- to her two dogs and to the beach, where she loved to -44- waves on her board. But it was -45- to take the leap, however -46- it would be. Even at 14, Douglas knew that. So she -47- about 1,200 miles away from home, to -48- with a coach from China. She lived with a family she had never -49- and everything was new to her.
As it turned out, Douglas did -50- what she needed to do to become Olympic champion when she -51- two Russians. The Chinese coach -52- Douglas into one of the best gymnasts in the -53- , helping her skyrocket from an -54- member of the national team to the top of the sport. By -55- the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so. She -56- the competition from beginning to end. She said she had felt -57- all along that she would win.
Not so long ago, Martha Karolyi, the coordinator of the women's national team, did not think Douglas had what it -58- to be an Olympian. As time went by, she thought -59- that she could make the London Games - and win.
"I'm going to inspire so many people," she said. "I'm ready to -60- ." And shine she did.
41. A. tried B. thought C. judged D. knew
42. A. take up B. pack up C. clean up D. do up
43. A. goodbye B. hello C. thanks D. no
44. A. cause B. observe C. ride D. strike
45. A. common B. time C. fun D. tough
46. A. breathtaking B. heartbreaking C. eye-catching D. head-spinning
47. A. dropped out B. moved on C. pulled over D. went off
48. A. reason B. talk C. compete D. train
49. A. met B. helped C. understood D. needed
50. A. approximately B. gradually C. exactly D. possibly
51. A. defeated B. pleased C. respected D. assisted
52. A. forced B. transformed C. persuaded D. put
53. A. world B. city C. team D. state
54. A. amateur B. elected C. average D. enthusiastic
55. A. clarifying B. defending C. winning D. demanding
56. A. followed B. organized C. watched D. led
57. A. confident B. nervous C. excited D. uneasy
58. A. viewed B. appeared C. mattered D. took
59. A. now and then B. more and more C. far and wide D. on and on
60. A. shine B. fly C. dance D. score
使用建议：建议每篇限时15分钟完成，5分钟核对解析。教师讲评时重点展示“如何从上下文找线索”，引导学生标注每道题的“技巧类型/线索来源”（如“同义复现”“反义对照”“首尾呼应”）。
第 1 页 共 27 页
学科网（北京）股份有限公司
$
专题07 完形填空（专项训练）
内容导航
方法总结・技巧提炼
一、命题规律与文体特征 2
二、三大核心规律 2
三、解题四步法（通用流程） 3
四、十二大核心技巧清单 3
五、不同文体的“秒杀”窍门 4
1. 记叙文：抓“情感曲线”与“动作链” 4
2. 新闻报道/人物通讯：抓“事迹+品质” 4
3. 说明文/议论文：抓“逻辑标志词”与“研究表明” 5
六、不同主题语境的“高频答案词库” 5
1. 人与社会（文化、责任、人际） 5
2. 人与自我（成长、心理、家庭） 5
3. 人与自然（生态、救援、探索） 5
七、高频易错陷阱（避坑秘籍） 6
题型探究・深度突破
题型01 记叙文完形 6
题型02 夹叙夹议完形 11
题型03 新闻报道/人物通讯完形 12
题型04 说明文/议论文完形 14
分层训练・达标过关
一、巩固过关（单句填空·按十二大技巧分类） 16
技巧1：首句定位法 16
技巧2：情感基调法 16
技巧3：同义/反义复现法 16
技巧4：显性逻辑词法 17
技巧5：隐性逻辑法 17
技巧6：固定搭配法 17
技巧7：代词指代法 17
技巧8：近义词辨析法 18
技巧9：动词辨析法 18
技巧10：主谓宾匹配法 18
技巧11：生活常识法 19
技巧12：句式对称法 19
二、能力提升（语篇专练） 19
Passage 1（2024九省联考卷·记叙文·人与社会·善意互助） 19
Passage 2（2025浙江卷·记叙文·人与自我·爱好与创业） 21
Passage 3（2024新课标II卷·夹叙夹议·人与社会·文化适应） 23
Passage 4（2023全国乙卷·人物通讯·人与自我·拼搏与成功） 24
本专题融合历年高考真题与名校模拟题的命题特征，提炼出“一眼看穿”完形填空的底层逻辑。
完形填空不是“翻译+选词”，而是一场“找线索游戏”。
只要掌握了核心规律与文体窍门，即使遇到生词，也能逻辑严密地锁定答案。
一、命题规律与文体特征
完形填空通常为一篇250词左右的短文，设15-20空，首句不设空，以实词（动词、名词、形容词、副词）为主，虚词为辅。核心考查语境推断能力与词汇辨析能力，而非单纯语法。
文体
特征
解题侧重
记叙文
有人物、情节、时间线、情感变化
抓情节发展和人物心理
说明文
有定义、分类、因果、举例
抓逻辑关系和词义复现
议论文
有观点、论据、结论
抓作者态度和论证逻辑
新闻报道
客观陈述事实，必跟精神升华
抓人物品质和事迹评价
夹叙夹议
前面讲故事，后面讲道理或感悟
找转折点，升华句定调
二、三大核心规律
规律1：首句定基调（Golden First Sentence）
首句通常不设空，直接交代人物身份、时间地点、核心冲突或文章主题。
精读首句，立刻定下“情感基调”（积极/消极/中性）。
（2025全国一卷）：“One August afternoon, I sat in my kitchen staring at a glass vase that hadn’t seen daylight since my wedding.” 首句直接奠定了“怀旧、清理杂物、断舍离”的基调，后续空格全部围绕这种“不舍却又无奈”的情感展开。
（2023新课标I卷）：“On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have -41- the course earlier than she did.” 首句交代比赛场景，奠定了“体育、意外、感人救援”基调。
规律2：上下必呼应（Contextual Echo）
每个空的答案都隐藏在前文或后文的某个词、某句话中。这是最高频的考点。
同义/近义复现：前文出现某个词，后文考它的同义词。
（2025全国一卷）：“We had decided on key items for the -42- we were moving to in town...” 后文出现了“I sit in my apartment today”，-42- 选 D. apartment。
（2023新课标I卷）：“Although the two young women were strangers before the -54-, they’ve since become friends.” 空格前是 strangers（陌生人），空格后是 friends（朋友），-54- 选 C. meet（相遇）。
反义对照：一旦看到 but, however, instead, yet，答案必然与前文反着来。
（2022全国乙卷）：“For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was -44- as evidence... But our -45- research results... -46- that idea.” 前文说“长期被解读为（interpreted）自我中心”，But 之后，研究结果必然是“反驳（contradicted）”了那个观点。
动作/逻辑链：动作有先后，逻辑有因果。
（2024九省联考卷）：“He... pulled out a tool set. Right then and there, this total -49- examined my engine... After about an hour, he -51- that my car was safe to finish the trip.” 前文作者车坏了，遇到陌生人（-49- 选 stranger），接着陌生人拿出工具、检查引擎、最后“宣布（pronounced）”安全。
规律3：词义定语境（Not Just Meaning, But Tone）
四个选项可能意思都通顺，但只有一个符合“感情色彩”或“人物身份”。
褒义语境绝不选贬义词，反之亦然。
（2023新课标I卷）：Bailey 帮助摔倒的竞争对手，记者问她为什么这么做，她说“I feel like I was just doing the right thing.” 所以面对大家的赞扬，她感到的是“困惑（confused）”，-51- 选 C. confused。
（2024九省联考卷）：陌生人帮作者修好车。“-52- came at the hands of a stranger.” 全文都在赞扬这种善举，因此空格处选 B. Kindness（善良），绝不可能选 Loneliness 或 Tiredness。
三、解题四步法（通用流程）
1. 通读全文，定基调：忽略空格，快速通读，抓住首句和结尾句。首句不设空是“题眼”。记叙文抓“情节链”，说明文抓“逻辑链”，议论文抓“观点链”。
2. 瞻前顾后，找线索：每个空的前后文必有线索。圈出同义复现、反义对照、逻辑连词（but, so, therefore）、举例解释、生活常识。
3. 代入排除，定答案：四个选项代入，看搭配是否地道（如take pride in），看感情色彩是否一致（褒贬不能错位）。
4. 回读验证，查连贯：填完后通读全文，检查人称、时态、语义是否连贯。
四、十二大核心技巧清单
技巧
核心
例证
1
首句定位法
通过首句明确时间、人物、事件，预判主题
2025全国一卷首句定“怀旧”基调
2
情感基调法
全文情感色彩（积极/消极）决定选项倾向
2023新课标I卷 Bailey“困惑”而非“骄傲”
3
同义/反义复现法
空格前后的同义词、反义词是最直接提示
2025全国一卷 “apartment”呼应前文
4
显性逻辑词法
根据and, but, so, because, although等判断句间关系
2022全国乙卷 But→contradicted
5
隐性逻辑法
通过时间顺序、动作承接、场景关联推断
动作链：穿外套→关门→淋雨
6
固定搭配法
依据动词+介词、名词+介词等搭配选择
2025全国一卷 take joy in → joy
7
代词指代法
通过代词的指代对象确定答案
前文复数名词→they
8
近义词辨析法
区分词汇的适用场景、情感色彩
2022天津卷 sounds vs voices
9
动词辨析法
区分动作含义、适用对象
2023全国乙卷 delivered vs carried
10
主谓宾匹配法
动词需与主语身份、能力一致
2021北京卷 Robots→perform
11
生活常识法
利用生活经验和常识解题
牙疼→dentist；下雨→umbrella
12
句式对称法
根据对称句式（not only...but also等）对应关系
either...or; the more...the more
五、不同文体的“秒杀”窍门
1. 记叙文：抓“情感曲线”与“动作链”
记叙文是高考主角，重点考查人物心理变化和动作先后。
情感曲线：跟着主人公的情绪起伏走。
动作链：看清谁对谁做了什么。
2025全国一卷：作者卖房清杂物，起初是不舍和烦躁，但当把东西免费送给别人时，“-49-, I posted more.” 因为受到了鼓舞（Encouraged），所以继续发帖。到了结尾，“I take -54- in knowing that... someone is -55- something...” 情绪最终落脚在“快乐（joy）”和“欣赏（appreciating）”上。整篇文章的情感是从“失落”走向“治愈”。
2025全国二卷（65岁奶奶健身）：“She only started to -41- seven years ago... Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a -45- lifestyle, before discovering a -46- for weightlifting.” 动作链是：开始锻炼（exercise）→ 遵循健康（healthy）生活方式 → 发现对举重的热爱（passion）。
2. 新闻报道/人物通讯：抓“事迹+品质”
新闻类文章客观陈述事实后，必跟精神升华。
2024浙江卷：中国西北的火车上，作者遇到一个修路工人，工人虽然干体力活，但每天坚持读书。“this highly informed, -52-, and admirable person prevented me doing so.” 空格处需填一个与 informed（有学问的）并列的褒义词，-52- 选 D. self-educated（自学成才的），直接点出人物品质。
2023全国乙卷：Gabby Douglas 成为体操奥运冠军。文章不仅写她拿了冠军（-55- winning），还写她“had to leave everything she -41- best” 去追求梦想。最后升华：“I’m ready to -60-.” 选 A. shine（闪耀），体现运动员光芒四射的拼搏精神。
3. 说明文/议论文：抓“逻辑标志词”与“研究表明”
2022全国乙卷（儿童躲猫猫研究）：通篇是科研逻辑。开头引出旧观点（egocentric），紧接着“But our -45- research results... -46- that idea.” 45空后面跟着 surprising（令人惊讶的），46空选 contradicted（反驳）。抓住了 But 这个逻辑词，瞬间秒杀。
2025全国二卷：“Hold on: Consider failure as a -50- to success and never give up.” 空格处需要一个逻辑词，把 failure 和 success 连接起来，选 D. stepping stone（垫脚石），符合“失败是成功之母”的因果递进逻辑。
六、不同主题语境的“高频答案词库”
1. 人与社会（文化、责任、人际）
核心语境：多元文化、互助、职业操守。
真题高频答案词：
2023新课标I卷：Bailey 放弃比赛去帮助竞争对手，结尾点题“the -55- of human kindness won the day.” -55- 选 B. display（展示）。
2024九省联考卷：陌生人修车，“-52- came at the hands of a stranger.” -52- 选 B. Kindness。
模拟题（祖母餐厅）：考到了 concept（理念）、cultural（文化的）、expose（接触）、passed on（传递）。直指“文化传承”与“社会责任”。
2. 人与自我（成长、心理、家庭）
核心语境：克服困难、情绪管理、亲情温暖。
真题高频答案词：
2024新课标I卷：作者跑步失败后转向骑行。“I’ve -54- a lot since then. I’ve come to accept that whatever -55- I set for myself, they just have to be my own.” -54- 选 B. matured（成熟了），-55- 选 C. goals（目标）。
2023新课标I卷：Bailey 救人后说“I feel like I was just doing the right thing.” 她的行为源于内心的“自我要求”。
模拟题（失忆母亲）：考到了 grateful（感激的）、memory（记忆）、disappointed（失望的）、satisfied（满意的）。
3. 人与自然（生态、救援、探索）
核心语境：动物保护、自然探索、环保。
真题高频答案词：
模拟题（救狗）：考到了 rescue（救援）、hanging（悬挂）、followed（跟随）、bite（咬）。动作词高度密集，必须符合动物行为逻辑。
模拟题（种香菜）：考到了 harvest（收获）、brightening up（点亮生活）、emerged（发芽）。
七、高频易错陷阱（避坑秘籍）
易错点
表现
正确策略
例证
脱离语境选词
只看单句，不看上下文
每个空至少读前后两句
2024新课标I卷：“To be honest, I -44-it!” 单看填 loved 或 hated 都行，但后文说“the pure boredom of jogging”，说明作者讨厌跑步，-44-必选 C. hated。
逻辑关系误判
把转折当因果
圈出逻辑标志词
看到 but/however，前后必定是反义词；看到 and，前后必定是近义词。
感情色彩错位
褒义语境选贬义词
标注全文情感基调
2023新课标I卷：Bailey 救人不图回报，记者问她，她感到困惑（confused），而非骄傲（proud）。
固定搭配不熟
take off/take up/take over
整理高频短语
2025全国一卷：“take -54-in” → joy（take joy in 固定搭配）；2023新课标I卷：“a big -52-” → deal（big deal 意为“大事”）。
考场避坑口诀：
1. 绝对不选“超纲词”：完全不认识且在真题中极少出现的，大概率是干扰项。
2. 警惕“局部通顺，全局矛盾”：必须回看上一句、下一句，看语义是否连贯。
3. 注意“连词”的警示作用：but/however前后反义，and前后近义。
4. 固定搭配条件反射：take joy in、be aware of、in honor of、pass on。
题型01 记叙文完形
【通法讲解】
记叙文完形以“人物经历+情感变化”为主线。先理清“谁-做了什么-结果如何-感受如何”，再逐空找情感线索和动作线索。重点抓情感曲线和动作链。
例1（2023新课标I卷）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have -41- the course earlier than she did. Her -42- came because she was carrying a -43- across the finish line.
As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her -44- when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She -45- to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with -46-. She couldn’t. Bailey then -47- to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get -48- attention.
Once there, Lenoue was -49- and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme -50- to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help.
As for Bailey, she is more -51- about why her act is considered a big -52-. “She was just crying. I couldn’t -53- her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”
Although the two young women were strangers before the -54-, they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the -55- of human kindness won the day.
41. A. designed B. followed C. changed D. finished
42. A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse
43. A. judge B. volunteer C. classmate D. competitor
44. A. race B. school C. town D. training
45. A. agreed B. returned C. stopped D. promised
46. A. courage B. aid C. patience D. advice
47. A. went away B. stood up C. stepped aside D. bent down
48. A. medical B. public C. constant D. equal
49. A. interrupted B. assessed C. identified D. appreciated
50. A. hunger B. pain C. cold D. tiredness
51. A. worried B. ashamed C. confused D. discouraged
52. A. game B. problem C. lesson D. deal
53. A. leave B. cure C. bother D. understand
54. A. ride B. test C. meet D. show
55. A. secret B. display C. benefit D. exchange
【答案】 41.D 42.A 43.D 44.A 45.C 46.B 47.D 48.A 49.B 50.B 51.C 52.D 53.A 54.C 55.B
【解析】
41. D。Bailey本应更早“完成”赛道。finished。
42. A。她的“延迟”是因为背着竞争对手。delay。
43. D。她背着另一名“参赛者”。competitor。
44. A。她跑完了三分之二的“赛程”。race。
45. C。她“停下来”帮助同伴。stopped。
46. B。看她能否在“帮助”下行走。aid。
47. D。Bailey“弯下腰”让Lenoue爬到背上。bent down。
48. A。到能获得“医疗”关注的地方。medical attention。
49. B。Lenoue接受了“评估”。assessed。
50. B。没有Bailey的帮助，她会带着极度“疼痛”挣扎到检查点。pain。
51. C。Bailey对人们认为她的行为是件大事感到“困惑”。confused。
52. D。a big deal意为“大事”。deal。
53. A。我不能“丢下”她。leave。
54. C。两人在“相遇”之前是陌生人。meet。
55. B。人类善良的“展示”赢得了这一天。display。
例2（2025全国二卷）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Evelyn Donohue is a 65-year-old grandma. She only started to -41- seven years ago after having a -42- call. She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues, which -43- led her to getting surgery. After that experience, she knew that she needed to make a -44-. Determined to turn her life around, Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a -45- lifestyle, before discovering a -46- for weightlifting.
Since setting out on the journey, the -47- lover has not only managed to -48- an impressive set of muscles - but also a huge following on social media.
The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no -49- others can’t look this good. She said it was all down to some key aspects.
“Hold on: Consider failure as a -50- to success and never give up. Stick to your plan,” she said. “-51- others: Lift others up on your journey. Success is sweeter when -52-.” She previously explained that “you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise ... the -53- is to feel good, not look good.”
Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out, but she has proved the -54- wrong in the best possible way and has indeed become an -55- for many social media users.
41. A. write B. travel C. exercise D. recover
42. A. goodwill B. timeout C. long-distance D. wake-up
43. A. normally B. ultimately C. suddenly D. automatically
44. A. change B. fortune C. wish D. deal
45. A. risky B. traditional C. comfortable D. healthy
46. A. demand B. secret C. passion D. cure
47. A. peace B. fitness C. fun D. nature
48. A. grow B. control C. activate D. relax
49. A. need B. choice C. reason D. difference
50. A. green light B. road block C. passing mark D. stepping stone
51. A. Help B. Consult C. Follow D. Forgive
52. A. accepted B. shared C. expected D. celebrated
53. A. goal B. case C. duty D. cost
54. A. instructors B. admirers C. beginners D. doubters
55. A. authority B. excuse C. inspiration D. option
【答案】 41.C 42.D 43.B 44.A 45.D 46.C 47.B 48.A 49.C 50.D 51.A 52.B 53.A 54.D 55.C
【解析】
41. C。65岁奶奶七年前开始“锻炼”。exercise。
42. D。wake-up call意为“警钟”。选D。
43. B。最终（ultimately）导致她做手术。
44. A。她知道自己需要做出“改变”。change。
45. D。坚持“健康的（healthy）”生活方式。
46. C。发现对举重的“热爱（passion）”。
47. B。这位“健身（fitness）”爱好者不仅练出了肌肉。
48. A。grow muscles意为“长肌肉”。
49. C。没有“理由（reason）”别人不能看起来这么好。
50. D。把失败看作成功的“垫脚石（stepping stone）”。
51. A。“帮助（Help）”他人。
52. B。当成功被“分享（shared）”时会更甜美。
53. A。锻炼的“目标（goal）”是感觉好，而不是看起来好。
54. D。她证明了“怀疑者（doubters）”是错的。
55. C。她成为了许多社交媒体用户的“灵感（inspiration）”。
例3（2024新课标I卷）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
I’ve been motivated – and demotivated – by other folks’ achievements all my life.
When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend -41- a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running -42-, but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was -43- for a “super,” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run – 15 miles. To be honest, I -44- it! Between the girl making my -45- seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only -46- I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!
So I -47- cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I -48- of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I -49- her bike and went for a ride. The -50-: The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. I’d never faced such -51-. That day, I got -52- by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as -53-.
I’ve -54- a lot since then. I’ve come to accept that whatever -55- I set for myself, they just have to be my own.
41. A. knew B. held C. won D. quit
42. A. regularly B. silently C. proudly D. recently
43. A. asking B. looking C. waiting D. training
44. A. made B. believed C. hated D. deserved
45. A. advantage B. achievement C. contribution D. influence
46. A. way B. risk C. place D. reason
47. A. gave up B. went on C. turned to D. dealt with
48. A. heard B. dreamed C. complained D. approved
49. A. painted B. borrowed C. bought D. parked
50. A. problem B. secret C. principle D. advice
51. A. dangers B. events C. opponents D. challenges
52. A. passed B. convinced C. admired D. stopped
53. A. reliable B. convenient C. familiar D. appealing
54. A. traveled B. matured C. missed D. worried
55. A. limits B. dates C. goals D. tests
【答案】 41.C 42.A 43.D 44.C 45.B 46.D 47.C 48.B 49.B 50.A 51.D 52.A 53.D 54.B 55.C
【解析】
41. C。邻居朋友“赢得”马拉松。won。
42. A。受到激励，开始“定期”跑步。regularly。
43. D。女孩正在为超级马拉松“训练”。training for。
44. C。作者“讨厌”长跑。hated。
45. B。女孩让作者的“成就”显得渺小。achievement。
46. D。作者决定再跑步的唯一“理由”是被大狗追。reason。
47. C。作者“转向”骑行。turned to。
48. B。作者“梦想”参加自行车比赛。dreamed of。
49. B。作者“借”了姐姐的自行车。borrowed。
50. A。问题在于道路要经过大山谷。problem。
51. D。作者从未面对过这样的“挑战”。challenges。
52. A。被大约100名当地骑行者“超过”。passed。
53. D。骑行不再那么“有吸引力”。appealing。
54. B。作者“成熟”了很多。matured。
55. C。无论作者设定什么“目标”，必须是自己的。goals。
题型02 夹叙夹议完形
【通法讲解】
夹叙夹议完形以“故事+感悟”为主线。前面讲故事，后面讲道理或感悟。解题时找“转折点”（通常在第三段或结尾出现），升华句定调，考查观点态度词。
例1（2022全国乙卷）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them, there’s something highly exciting about -41- someone else’s glance and making oneself unable to be seen.
However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably -42- at hiding. They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies -43-.
For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was -44- as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” creatures. But our -45- research results in child developmental psychology -46- that idea.
We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC. Each -47- sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or -48-. We then asked the child if she could -49- or hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t. The same -50- happened when the adult covered her own mouth: -51- children said that they couldn’t -52- to her.
A number of -53- ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The results were clear: Our young subjects -54- the questions and knew -55- what was asked of them. Their -56- to the questions reflected their true -57- that “I can see you only if you can see me, too.” They simply -58- mutual recognition and regard. Our -59- suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method -60- when others use it.
41. A. following B. taking C. escaping D. directing
42. A. clever B. bad C. scared D. quick
43. A. exposed B. examined C. untouched D. imbalanced
44. A. supported B. guaranteed C. imagined D. interpreted
45. A. disappointing B. mixed C. surprising D. desired
46. A. explained B. confirmed C. contradicted D. tested
47. A. parent B. child C. researcher D. doctor
48. A. feet B. nose C. hands D. ears
49. A. see B. help C. reach D. fool
50. A. event B. thing C. action D. accident
51. A. Yet B. Now C. Soon D. Once
52. A. speak B. listen C. turn D. wave
53. A. instructions B. descriptions C. experiments D. assumptions
54. A. comprehended B. predicted C. explored D. ignored
55. A. partly B. honestly C. vaguely D. exactly
56. A. responses B. approaches C. contribution D. sensitivity
57. A. ability B. belief C. identity D. purpose
58. A. hold back B. relate to C. insist on D. make up
59. A. limitations B. requirements C. theories D. findings
60. A. tentative B. impressive C. creative D. effective
【答案】 41.C 42.B 43.A 44.D 45.C 46.C 47.B 48.D 49.A 50.B 51.A 52.A 53.C 54.A 55.D 56.A 57.B 58.C 59.D 60.D
【解析】
41. C。捉迷藏的乐趣在于“逃避”别人的视线。escaping。
42. B。学龄前儿童非常“不擅长”躲藏。bad。
43. A。身体其余部分“暴露”在外。exposed。
44. D。长期被“解读”为儿童以自我为中心的证明。interpreted as。
45. C。“令人惊讶的”研究结果。surprising。
46. C。“反驳”了那个观点。contradicted。
47. B。每个“孩子”和一个成年人坐在一起。child。
48. D。成年人捂住自己的眼睛或“耳朵”。ears。
49. A。问孩子是否能“看见”或听见成年人。see。
50. B。同样的“事情”发生了。thing。
51. A。前后为转折关系：“然而”。Yet。
52. A。孩子说不能“说话”给她听。speak。
53. C。许多“实验”排除了孩子误解问题的可能。experiments。
54. A。孩子“理解”了问题。comprehended。
55. D。他们“确切地”知道被问了什么。exactly。
56. A。他们对问题的“回答”反映了真实的“信念”。responses。
57. B。……反映了真实的“信念”。belief。
58. C。他们只是“坚持”相互认可和尊重。insist on。
59. D。我们的“发现”表明……。findings。
60. D。孩子认为当别人用这种方法时它是“有效的”。effective。
题型03 新闻报道/人物通讯完形
【通法讲解】
新闻报道/人物通讯完形以“事迹+品质”为主线。客观陈述事实后，必跟精神升华。解题时抓人物品质（如devoted, vital）、客观事实（时态往往有过去与现在的切换），高频词往往在下文有同义复现。
例1（2024浙江卷）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China, I had the kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful -41- with a local that all travelers long for. A young Chinese man -42- me on the train. My -43- friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the -44- to practice my Chinese.
Over several hours he would tell me about how he had -45- a two-year professional school to quickly find a job -46- highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps most -47-, however, was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor. Without batting an eye he would -48- a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American -49- as a whole. “And what do you all learn about Russian authors?” I -50- him asking at one point.
It would have been easy to -51- my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, -52-, and admirable person prevented me doing so. In the course of a couple of hours, he -53- me just how much one can gain from -54- with an open mind, and a willingness to -55- with locals from all walks of life.
41. A. experiment B. encounter C. competition D. appointment
42. A. treated B. saved C. lectured D. approached
43. A. true B. so-called C. new D. long-lost
44. A. chance B. advice C. trouble D. right
45. A. visited B. financed C. attended D. founded
46. A. building B. sweeping C. checking D. guarding
47. A. typical B. obvious C. natural D. remarkable
48. A. publish B. quote C. copy D. download
49. A. writers B. historians C. workers D. students
50. A. anticipate B. imagine C. recall D. catch
51. A. look into B. rely on C. go over D. deal with
52. A. well-behaved B. multi-skilled C. warm-hearted D. self-educated
53. A. asked B. warned C. showed D. promised
54. A. traveling B. reading C. searching D. teaching
55. A. cooperate B. side C. negotiate D. engage
【答案】 41.B 42.D 43.C 44.A 45.C 46.A 47.D 48.B 49.A 50.C 51.B 52.D 53.C 54.A 55.D
【解析】
41. B。作者与当地人有一场美妙的“邂逅（encounter）”。
42. D。一个年轻的中国男人在火车上“走近（approached）”作者。
43. C。我的“新（new）”朋友几乎不会说英语。
44. A。作者抓住“机会（chance）”练习中文。
45. C。他“就读（attended）”了一所两年制的职业学校。
46. A。为了找一份“修建（building）”高速公路的工作。
47. D。最“非凡的（remarkable）”是，他每天在体力劳动后还学习数小时。
48. B。他会“引用（quote）”一段爱默生的译文。
49. A。询问美国“作家（writers）”的文学影响。
50. C。作者“回忆（recall）”起他问的一个问题。
51. B。作者很容易“依赖（rely on）”自己对这个修路工人的假设。
52. D。这位“自学成才的（self-educated）”且令人钦佩的人阻止了作者这样做。
53. C。他向作者“展示（showed）”了……
54. A。“旅行（traveling）”中带着开放的心态能获得多少。
55. D。愿意与各行各业的当地人“交流（engage）”。
题型04 说明文/议论文完形
【通法讲解】
说明文/议论文完形以“逻辑链+观点态度”为主线。解题时先找主题句和结论句，再关注逻辑标志词（however, therefore, because, for example）和词义复现。重点抓逻辑标志词和研究表明。
例1（2025全国一卷）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One August afternoon, I sat in my kitchen staring at a glass vase that hadn’t seen daylight since my wedding.
My husband and I had just sold our house and we were busy -41- the beloved home our family had spent 23 years filling up. We had decided on key items for the -42- we were moving to in town, donated what we could, and rented a place to -43- our supposedly important objects. That left a house still -44- with things that, while not particularly -45-, didn’t belong in a landfill.
I took a picture of the vase and posted it online, for $10. A couple of messages came in, one wanting additional -46-, another asking for a price cut. As our -47- day drew near, I settled on a new price ($0) and reposted it. The -48-: “I hate this vase. Maybe you won’t.” In an instant, a woman raced into my house and left happily with the vase.
-49-, I posted more. My daily posts and the -50- I received became a precious ray of light in the chaos of my house. Each exchange provided a chance to -51- the landfill and to please another person I might not otherwise have -52-.
I sit in my apartment today, loving each of the -53- that share our small space. I take -54- in knowing that, somewhere nearby, someone is -55- something that couldn’t come with us.
41. A. painting over B. looking around C. emptying out D. pulling down
42. A. hotel B. office C. cottage D. apartment
43. A. store B. display C. sell D. repair
44. A. covered B. decorated C. stuffed D. equipped
45. A. conventional B. valuable C. complicated D. tolerable
46. A. fees B. photos C. receipts D. models
47. A. move B. pay C. market D. work
48. A. warning B. request C. description D. reply
49. A. Confused B. Interested C. Disappointed D. Encouraged
50. A. visits B. reports C. advice D. money
51. A. remove B. spare C. find D. check
52. A. investigated B. recognized C. encountered D. recommended
53. A. giveaways B. posts C. contributions D. belongings
54. A. joy B. part C. care D. time
55. A. anticipating B. appreciating C. delivering D. withdrawing
【答案】 41.C 42.D 43.A 44.C 45.B 46.B 47.A 48.C 49.D 50.A 51.B 52.C 53.D 54.A 55.B
【解析】
41. C。前文说“刚卖掉房子”，后文说“23年填满的家”，此处指“清空”房子。empty out意为“清空”，符合语境。
42. D。后文“in town”且“rented a place”，结合常识，搬到城里的公寓（apartment）。
43. A。租地方是为了“存放”重要的物品。store储存。
44. C。房子里仍然“塞满”了东西。be stuffed with塞满。
45. B。这些东西“不是特别值钱”，但不该进垃圾填埋场。valuable有价值的。
46. B。网上卖东西，有人想要“更多照片”。photos照片。
47. A。“搬家日”临近。move day搬家日。
48. C。重新发布时写了一段“描述”：“我讨厌这个花瓶。也许你不会。”description描述。
49. D。花瓶很快被拿走，作者受到“鼓励”，继续发布更多东西。Encouraged受鼓舞的。
50. A。作者每天发布东西，收到的“拜访”（即有人来拿东西）成为黑暗中的光。visits来访。
51. B。每次交换提供了一个“让垃圾填埋场免于接收这些东西”的机会。spare the landfill意为“让垃圾填埋场免于负担”。
52. C。取悦一个原本可能不会“遇到”的人。encountered遇到。
53. D。作者现在爱着共享小空间的每一件“物品”。belongings物品。
54. A。take joy in意为“从……中获得快乐”。joy。
55. B。附近有人正在“欣赏”那些不能跟他们一起搬走的东西。appreciating欣赏。
一、巩固过关（单句填空·按十二大技巧分类）
技巧1：首句定位法
1. During the summer vacation, I worked as a part-time waiter in a restaurant, and this unique ______ taught me a lot about patience.
A. experience B. lesson C. book D. game
【答案】 A
【解析】 首句点明“暑假在餐厅做兼职服务员”，后续内容必然围绕这段打工“经历（experience）”展开。
2. After moving to a new city, Lisa felt lonely and missed her old friends, so she decided to ______ new people.
A. meet B. ignore C. avoid D. forget
【答案】 A
【解析】 首句交代了“搬到新城市、孤独、想念老朋友”，下文必然讲述Lisa如何适应新环境，即去“认识（meet）”新朋友。
技巧2：情感基调法
3. Though she failed many times in the experiment, her ______ never disappeared, which moved all her teammates.
A. courage B. fear C. doubt D. sadness
【答案】 A
【解析】 “Though”表转折，前半句“多次失败”，后半句应体现积极情感“勇气（courage）”从未消失。
4. After losing his job, he sat alone in the dark room, feeling deep ______ that he couldn't put into words.
A. excitement B. happiness C. sadness D. hope
【答案】 C
【解析】 “失去工作”“独自坐在黑暗房间”体现消极基调，感受应是“悲伤（sadness）”。
技巧3：同义/反义复现法
5. The old man was very tired. In fact, he was so ______ that he could hardly stand up.
A. energetic B. exhausted C. happy D. excited
【答案】 B
【解析】 前句“very tired”与后句“so...that he could hardly stand up”是同义强调，空格处应与“tired”同义，B选项“exhausted”符合。
6. Unlike his sister who is very talkative, he is quite ______.
A. outgoing B. quiet C. active D. noisy
【答案】 B
【解析】 “Unlike”提示反义关系，姐姐“talkative（健谈）”，他应是“安静（quiet）”。
技巧4：显性逻辑词法
7. She studied day and night, ______ she didn't pass the exam.
A. and B. but C. so D. or
【答案】 B
【解析】 前句“日夜学习”与后句“没通过考试”是转折关系，B选项“but”符合。
8. He missed the bus, ______ he was late for school.
A. but B. because C. so D. though
【答案】 C
【解析】 前句“错过公交车”是后句“上学迟到”的原因，表结果用C选项“so”。
技巧5：隐性逻辑法
9. He put on his jacket, ______ the door and walked into the rain.
A. opened B. closed C. knocked D. painted
【答案】 B
【解析】 动作承接逻辑：穿外套→关门→走进雨中，空格处填“closed”。
10. She washed the vegetables, ______ them into small pieces and put them in the pot.
A. cut B. cooked C. ate D. sold
【答案】 A
【解析】 做菜步骤逻辑：洗菜→切菜→放入锅中，空格处填“cut”。
技巧6：固定搭配法
11. She apologized ______ being late for the meeting.
A. to B. for C. with D. about
【答案】 B
【解析】 “apologize for”是固定搭配，意为“为……道歉”，后接道歉的原因。
12. He came up ______ a good idea to solve the problem.
A. with B. to C. for D. in
【答案】 A
【解析】 “come up with”是固定短语，意为“想出……”。
技巧7：代词指代法
13. I bought a new bike. ______ is red and I like it very much.
A. He B. She C. It D. They
【答案】 C
【解析】 代词指代前文“a new bike”（单数物），应用“It”。
14. Lily and Lucy are twins. ______ often wear the same clothes.
A. We B. You C. They D. She
【答案】 C
【解析】 代词指代前文“Lily and Lucy”（复数），应用“They”。
技巧8：近义词辨析法
15. The little girl ______ when she couldn't find her mother in the supermarket.
A. cried B. laughed C. smiled D. cheered
【答案】 A
【解析】 “couldn't find her mother”暗示消极情感，“cried”（哭泣）符合。
16. The wind ______ through the trees on a quiet night.
A. blew B. ran C. walked D. jumped
【答案】 A
【解析】 “blew”指风“吹”，符合“wind...through the trees”的自然场景。
技巧9：动词辨析法
17. He ______ the book carefully before buying it.
A. looked B. saw C. read D. watched
【答案】 C
【解析】 “before buying it”暗示在买书前“阅读”内容以判断是否购买，“read”符合。
18. The police ______ the suspect for hours to get more information.
A. questioned B. asked C. inquired D. talked
【答案】 A
【解析】 “police...suspect”暗示正式的盘问，“questioned”（审问，获取信息）符合。
技巧10：主谓宾匹配法
19. Librarians ______ books and help readers find what they need.
A. borrow B. manage C. sell D. destroy
【答案】 B
【解析】 主语是“Librarians（图书管理员）”，其职责是“管理（manage）书籍”。
20. Postmen ______ letters and packages to people's homes.
A. receive B. deliver C. buy D. burn
【答案】 B
【解析】 主语是“Postmen（邮递员）”，其工作是“投递（deliver）信件和包裹”。
技巧11：生活常识法
21. People usually put food in the ______ to keep it fresh.
A. refrigerator B. oven C. microwave D. washing machine
【答案】 A
【解析】 生活常识：冰箱（refrigerator）用于储存食物保持新鲜。
22. When you have a toothache, you should go to see a ______.
A. doctor B. dentist C. teacher D. engineer
【答案】 B
【解析】 常识：牙疼应看“牙医（dentist）”。
技巧12：句式对称法
23. Learning a language is not only interesting ______ also useful.
A. but B. and C. or D. so
【答案】 A
【解析】 “not only...but also...”是典型的对称结构，表“不仅……而且……”。
24. The more you practice, the ______ you will become.
A. good B. better C. best D. well
【答案】 B
【解析】 “the + 比较级...the + 比较级...”是对称结构，表“越……越……”。“better”是“good”的比较级。
二、能力提升（语篇专练）
Passage 1（2024九省联考卷·记叙文·人与社会·善意互助）
I was halfway across Indiana headed home to Kentucky when my car broke down. My phone was -41- , too. I managed to get to a gas station, but it was Sunday in the early fall, and there was no -42- on duty. I was working my way through university then and had little money for -43- the car.
I sat alongside my car for several hours trying to -44- the heat when an older gentleman -45- to fuel his car. He asked about my car, and I -46- my predicament (困境). To my -47- , the gentleman told me that he had a daughter my age, and then he opened his trunk and -48- a tool set.
Right then and there, this total -49- examined my engine, explaining as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn't been changed for so long that they were -50- to function. After about an hour, he -51- that my car was safe to finish the trip.
-52- came at the hands of a stranger. -53- his clothes, working on a hot September afternoon, this man -54- a college student from disaster, just because she could have been his -55- .
41. A. busy B. loud C. dead D. secure
42. A. mechanic B. policeman C. manager D. guide
43. A. washing B. parking C. purchasing D. maintaining
44. A. feel B. beat C. absorb D. produce
45. A. promised B. refused C. stopped D. volunteered
46. A. solved B. noticed C. escaped D. explained
47. A. surprise B. regret C. amusement D. disappointment
48. A. called up B. pulled out C. put down D. threw away
49. A. liar B. beginner C. stranger D. loser
50. A. free B. ready C. uncertain D. unable
51. A. pronounced B. agreed C. discovered D. doubted
52. A. Tiredness B. Kindness C. Loneliness D. Carefulness
53. A. Folding B. Drying C. Soiling D. Mending
54. A. saved B. called C. judged D. banned
55. A. friend B. daughter C. coworker D. customer
【答案】 41.C 42.A 43.D 44.B 45.C 46.D 47.A 48.B 49.C 50.D 51.A 52.B 53.C 54.A 55.B
【解析】
41. C（dead） 考查形容词辨析。根据后文“I managed to get to a gas station”可知作者设法去了加油站，说明手机“没电了/坏了”。dead可表示“（手机）没电的”。A繁忙的；B大声的；D安全的。
42. A（mechanic） 考查名词辨析。前文说车坏了，所以需要在加油站找“修理工（mechanic）”。后文“this total stranger examined my engine”也印证了这一点。B警察；C经理；D导游。
43. D（maintaining） 考查动词辨析。作者当时靠打工念大学，几乎没有钱“维护/修理（maintaining）”车。A洗；B停车；C购买。
44. B（beat） 考查动词辨析。作者坐在车旁“试图战胜/忍受（beat）炎热”。beat the heat意为“避暑/降温”，符合语境。A感觉；C吸收；D生产。
45. C（stopped） 考查动词辨析。一位年长绅士“停下来（stopped）”给他的车加油。A承诺；B拒绝；D自愿。
46. D（explained） 考查动词辨析。绅士问起作者的车，作者“解释（explained）”了自己的困境。A解决；B注意到；C逃离。
47. A（surprise） 考查名词辨析。令作者“惊讶（surprise）”的是，绅士说他有个和作者同龄的女儿。后文他掏出工具修车，这个举动超出了作者预期。B遗憾；C娱乐；D失望。
48. B（pulled out） 考查动词短语辨析。他打开后备箱，“拿出（pulled out）”了一套工具。A打电话；C放下；D扔掉。
49. C（stranger） 考查名词辨析。这个“完全陌生的人（stranger）”检查了作者的引擎。A撒谎者；B初学者；D失败者。
50. D（unable） 考查形容词辨析。火花塞太久没换，“无法（unable）”正常工作了。be unable to function意为“无法运转”。A自由的；B准备好的；C不确定的。
51. A（pronounced） 考查动词辨析。大约一小时后，他“宣布/判定（pronounced）”车已经安全了，可以继续赶路。A选项pronounced有“郑重宣布”之意，符合语境。B同意；C发现；D怀疑。
52. B（Kindness） 考查名词辨析。全文都在讲述陌生人的善举，所以“善意（Kindness）”来自陌生人的手。A疲惫；C孤独；D细心。
53. C（Soiling） 考查动词辨析。他“弄脏了（Soiling）”自己的衣服，在九月炎热的下午帮作者修车。A折叠；B烘干；D缝补。
54. A（saved） 考查动词辨析。这位男士把一名大学生“从灾难中拯救出来（saved）”。B打电话；C评判；D禁止。
55. B（daughter） 考查名词辨析。前文绅士说“他有一个和作者同龄的女儿”，所以此处呼应--仅仅因为她可能也是别人的“女儿（daughter）”。A朋友；C同事；D顾客。
【技巧总评】 本篇完美体现了“首句定基调”（车坏在路上、手机没电，消极基调）、“情感曲线”（从绝望→陌生人出现→惊讶→被拯救的感动），以及“首尾呼应”（-47-空“surprise”与-52-空“Kindness”、-55-空“daughter”形成情感闭环）。
Passage 2（2025浙江卷·记叙文·人与自我·爱好与创业）
Manuela Ribeiro has a healthy addiction. It's -41- . A few months ago, the 30-year-old teacher decided it was time to put her -42- to good use. She signed up on the website Bookalokal, and now welcomes -43- into her Brussels flat twice a week for dinner parties.
Ribeiro -44- €35 per person for what is usually a three-course meal that can last up to three hours. For Ribeiro, it has become a perfect platform for -45- her hobby of buying food, -46- new recipes and holding dinner parties.
"It's a great opportunity to share my passion for food and to -47- new people," said Ribeiro. Sometimes she prepares traditional Brazilian dishes -48- her native home; other times she -49- dinner courses with her favorite beers.
The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with a great deal of freedom, as -50- to a restaurant where the service is -51- , the menu is known in advance, and the meal is expected to be no -52- .
"But it's also a great -53- , for it can sometimes take days to -54- a single event," Ribeiro said. "This platform is not only -55- for professional cooks, but also for those willing to discover new experiences."
41. A. reading B. traveling C. cooking D. teaching
42. A. hobby B. energy C. education D. money
43. A. coworkers B. students C. relatives D. strangers
44. A. pays B. charges C. owes D. raises
45. A. pursuing B. choosing C. discussing D. changing
46. A. passing on B. trying out C. going over D. taking down
47. A. hire B. help C. meet D. train
48. A. in addition to B. in return for C. in honor of D. in line with
49. A. replaces B. tastes C. orders D. pairs
50. A. opposed B. related C. subject D. vital
51. A. invaluable B. impersonal C. unsuitable D. unprofessional
52. A. surprise B. end C. need D. problem
53. A. lesson B. pleasure C. success D. challenge
54. A. celebrate B. record C. attend D. organise
55. A. selected B. reserved C. evaluated D. requested
【答案】 41.C 42.A 43.D 44.B 45.A 46.B 47.C 48.C 49.D 50.A 51.B 52.A 53.D 54.D 55.B
【解析】
41. C（cooking） 考查名词辨析。全文围绕“美食、晚餐派对、食谱”展开，所以她的健康“瘾”是“烹饪（cooking）”。
42. A（hobby） 考查名词辨析。她决定把自己的“爱好（hobby）”好好利用起来。后文“her hobby of buying food”直接复现。
43. D（strangers） 考查名词辨析。她在网站上注册，现在每周两次欢迎“陌生人（strangers）”到她家参加晚餐派对。因为是网络平台，来的人自然是陌生人。A同事；B学生；C亲戚。
44. B（charges） 考查动词辨析。Ribeiro向每人“收费（charges）”35欧元。A支付（主语是付款人）；C欠；D筹集。
45. A（pursuing） 考查动词辨析。这个平台成为她“追求（pursuing）”购食物爱好的完美平台。B选择；C讨论；D改变。
46. B（trying out） 考查动词短语辨析。她可以“尝试（trying out）”新食谱。A传递；C复习；D记下。
47. C（meet） 考查动词辨析。分享对食物的热情并“认识（meet）”新朋友。A雇佣；B帮助；D训练。
48. C（in honor of） 考查介词短语辨析。她有时做传统巴西菜，“以纪念（in honor of）”她的故乡。A除……之外；B作为回报；D与……一致。
49. D（pairs） 考查动词辨析。她把晚餐菜肴与她最喜欢的啤酒“搭配（pairs）”在一起。pair...with...意为“把……与……搭配”。A替代；B品尝；C点餐。
50. A（opposed） 考查形容词/分词辨析。as opposed to意为“与……相对照/不同”，将网络平台的自由与餐厅的刻板进行对比。B相关的；C受制于；D至关重要的。
51. B（impersonal） 考查形容词辨析。与网络平台的自由相比，餐厅的服务是“没有人情味的（impersonal）”。A无价的；C不合适的；D不专业的。
52. A（surprise） 考查名词辨析。餐厅的菜单是提前知道的，所以用餐没有“惊喜（surprise）”。B结束；C需要；D问题。
53. D（challenge） 考查名词辨析。但这（在平台上办活动）也是一个巨大的“挑战（challenge）”，因为有时需要几天才能“组织（organise）”一次活动。A教训；B快乐；C成功。
54. D（organise） 考查动词辨析。见上题。organise a single event意为“组织一次活动”。
55. B（reserved） 考查动词辨析。这个平台不仅是“为（reserved for）”专业厨师准备的，也是为那些愿意发现新体验的人准备的。be reserved for意为“为……保留/准备”。A挑选；C评估；D请求。
【技巧总评】 本篇完美体现了“同义复现”（-42-空hobby与后文“her hobby of buying food”呼应）、“情感基调”（健康、积极、充满热情）、“主谓宾匹配”（-44-空charge的主语是Ribeiro，她向别人收费）。
Passage 3（2024新课标II卷·夹叙夹议·人与社会·文化适应）
When I decided to buy a house in Europe ten years ago, I didn’t think too long. I liked traveling in France, but when it came to picking my favorite spot to -41- , Italy was the clear winner.
During my first visit to Italy, I -42- to ask for directions or order in a restaurant. But every time I tried to -43- a sentence of Italian together, the locals smiled at me and -44- my language skills. That encouragement helped me to get through the language -45- . After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered how -46- Italians are. Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to -47- me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. It’s these small -48- of kindness that make a new country feel like home.
As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my -49- quite like Italy. Each town has its own traditional -50- , and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another. Families -51- for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can -52- . These meals are always -53- by laughter and joy. Whatever -54- life in Italy might have, the problems are -55- once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family.
41. A. study B. rent C. visit D. settle
42. A. planned B. struggled C. refused D. happened
43. A. string B. hang C. mix D. match
44. A. improved B. assessed C. admired D. praised
45. A. course B. barrier C. area D. test
46. A. open-minded B. strong-willed C. warm-hearted D. well-informed
47. A. remind B. allow C. persuade D. order
48. A. tricks B. promises C. acts D. duties
49. A. ambition B. success C. appetite D. growth
50. A. costume B. dish C. symbol D. tale
51. A. gather B. cheer C. leave D. wait
52. A. put up with B. stand up for C. come up with D. make up for
53. A. signaled B. confirmed C. represented D. accompanied
54. A. disadvantages B. meanings C. surprises D. opportunities
55. A. created B. forgotten C. understood D. identified
【答案】 41.D 42.B 43.A 44.D 45.B 46.C 47.A 48.C 49.C 50.B 51.A 52.C 53.D 54.A 55.B
【解析】
41. D（settle） 考查动词辨析。作者决定在欧洲买房子，所以是挑选最喜欢的“定居（settle）”地点。A学习；B租；C参观。
42. B（struggled） 考查动词辨析。第一次去意大利时，作者“挣扎着/费劲地（struggled）”问路或点餐。后文“每次努力把一句意大利语拼凑起来”印证了这种困难。A计划；C拒绝；D碰巧。
43. A（string） 考查动词辨析。string a sentence together意为“把句子串起来/拼凑成句”，是固定表达。B悬挂；C混合；D匹配。
44. D（praised） 考查动词辨析。当地人微笑着“称赞（praised）”作者的语言能力。后文“That encouragement”直接提示此处是积极肯定的行为。A改善；B评估；C钦佩。
45. B（barrier） 考查名词辨析。这种鼓励帮助作者克服了语言“障碍（barrier）”。A课程；C区域；D测试。
46. C（warm-hearted） 考查形容词辨析。作者发现意大利人非常“热心肠（warm-hearted）”。后文邻居送奶酪、提醒关车窗都是“热心”的表现。A思想开明的；B意志坚强的；D见多识广的。
47. A（remind） 考查动词辨析。邻居会来敲门“提醒（remind）”作者下雨前关车窗。B允许；C说服；D命令。
48. C（acts） 考查名词辨析。正是这些微小的善意“行为（acts）”让新国家有了家的感觉。acts of kindness意为“善举”。A把戏；B承诺；D职责。
49. C（appetite） 考查名词辨析。作为美食家，作者的“胃口/食欲（appetite）”在意大利得到了极大的满足。A雄心；B成功；D成长。
50. B（dish） 考查名词辨析。每个小镇都有自己的传统“菜肴（dish）”。A服装；C象征；D传说。
51. A（gather） 考查动词辨析。家人们“聚在一起（gather）”吃大餐。B欢呼；C离开；D等待。
52. C（come up with） 考查动词短语辨析。家人会为聚餐找各种理由--任何他们能“想出（come up with）”的借口。A忍受；B支持；D弥补。
53. D（accompanied） 考查动词辨析。这些大餐总是“伴随着（accompanied）”笑声和欢乐。be accompanied by意为“伴随着”。A示意；B确认；C代表。
54. A（disadvantages） 考查名词辨析。无论意大利生活有什么“缺点（disadvantages）”，只要坐下来和朋友家人吃顿大餐，问题就“被遗忘（forgotten）”了。B意义；C惊喜；D机会。
55. B（forgotten） 考查动词辨析。见上题。forgotten与前半句“disadvantages”形成对比--美食和团聚能让人忘却烦恼。
【技巧总评】 本篇完美体现了“情感曲线”（从“struggled”到“praised”到“warm-hearted”到最终“forgotten”），以及“反义对照”（-54-空disadvantages与-55-空forgotten形成对比）。
Passage 4（2023全国乙卷·人物通讯·人与自我·拼搏与成功）
To become the Olympic champion in the individual all-around event, Gabby Douglas had to leave everything she -41- best. She had to -42- her bedroom in Virginia. She had to say -43- to her two dogs and to the beach, where she loved to -44- waves on her board. But it was -45- to take the leap, however -46- it would be. Even at 14, Douglas knew that. So she -47- about 1,200 miles away from home, to -48- with a coach from China. She lived with a family she had never -49- and everything was new to her.
As it turned out, Douglas did -50- what she needed to do to become Olympic champion when she -51- two Russians. The Chinese coach -52- Douglas into one of the best gymnasts in the -53- , helping her skyrocket from an -54- member of the national team to the top of the sport. By -55- the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so. She -56- the competition from beginning to end. She said she had felt -57- all along that she would win.
Not so long ago, Martha Karolyi, the coordinator of the women's national team, did not think Douglas had what it -58- to be an Olympian. As time went by, she thought -59- that she could make the London Games - and win.
"I'm going to inspire so many people," she said. "I'm ready to -60- ." And shine she did.
41. A. tried B. thought C. judged D. knew
42. A. take up B. pack up C. clean up D. do up
43. A. goodbye B. hello C. thanks D. no
44. A. cause B. observe C. ride D. strike
45. A. common B. time C. fun D. tough
46. A. breathtaking B. heartbreaking C. eye-catching D. head-spinning
47. A. dropped out B. moved on C. pulled over D. went off
48. A. reason B. talk C. compete D. train
49. A. met B. helped C. understood D. needed
50. A. approximately B. gradually C. exactly D. possibly
51. A. defeated B. pleased C. respected D. assisted
52. A. forced B. transformed C. persuaded D. put
53. A. world B. city C. team D. state
54. A. amateur B. elected C. average D. enthusiastic
55. A. clarifying B. defending C. winning D. demanding
56. A. followed B. organized C. watched D. led
57. A. confident B. nervous C. excited D. uneasy
58. A. viewed B. appeared C. mattered D. took
59. A. now and then B. more and more C. far and wide D. on and on
60. A. shine B. fly C. dance D. score
【答案】 41.D 42.B 43.A 44.C 45.D 46.B 47.D 48.D 49.A 50.C 51.A 52.B 53.A 54.A 55.C 56.D 57.A 58.D 59.B 60.A
【解析】
41. D（knew） 考查动词辨析。Douglas不得不离开她最“了解/熟悉（knew）”的一切。A尝试；B认为；C判断。
42. B（pack up） 考查动词短语辨析。她不得不“打包（pack up）”她在弗吉尼亚的卧室。A占据；C清理；D整理。
43. A（goodbye） 考查名词辨析。她不得不对两只狗和海滩说“再见（goodbye）”。say goodbye to为固定表达。
44. C（ride） 考查动词辨析。她喜欢在海滩上“冲浪（ride waves）”。ride waves意为“冲浪”。A引起；B观察；D击打。
45. D（tough） 考查形容词辨析。但迈出这一步是“艰难的（tough）”。A常见的；B及时的；C有趣的。
46. B（heartbreaking） 考查形容词辨析。无论这一步多么“令人心碎（heartbreaking）”，她都必须迈出。与前面“离开心爱的狗和海滩”呼应。A令人惊叹的；C引人注目的；D令人头晕目眩的。
47. D（went off） 考查动词短语辨析。她“出发（went off）”到离家约1200英里的地方。A退学；B继续前进；C靠边停车。
48. D（train） 考查动词辨析。她去那里与一位中国教练一起“训练（train）”。A推理；B谈话；C竞争。
49. A（met） 考查动词辨析。她住在一个她从未“见过（met）”的家庭里。B帮助；C理解；D需要。
50. C（exactly） 考查副词辨析。Douglas“确切地/正是（exactly）”做了她需要做的事。A大约；B逐渐地；D可能地。
51. A（defeated） 考查动词辨析。当她“击败（defeated）”两名俄罗斯选手时。B取悦；C尊重；D协助。
52. B（transformed） 考查动词辨析。中国教练把Douglas“转变（transformed）”成了世界上最好的体操运动员之一。A强迫；C说服；D放置。
53. A（world） 考查名词辨析。世界上最优秀的体操运动员之一。in the world意为“在世界上”。
54. A（amateur） 考查形容词辨析。帮助她从国家队的“业余（amateur）”队员一跃成为顶尖运动员。B当选的；C平均的；D热情的。
55. C（winning） 考查动词辨析。通过“赢得（winning）”奥运全能冠军，她成为第一位做到这一点的黑人女性。A澄清；B防御；D要求。
56. D（led） 考查动词辨析。她从头到尾“领先（led）”比赛。A跟随；B组织；C观看。
57. A（confident） 考查形容词辨析。她说她一直感到“自信（confident）”她会赢。B紧张的；C兴奋的；D不安的。
58. D（took） 考查动词辨析。Martha Karolyi认为Douglas不具备成为奥运选手所需的素质。what it takes为固定表达，意为“需要什么/需要具备什么条件”。
59. B（more and more） 考查短语辨析。随着时间的推移，她“越来越（more and more）”认为Douglas能参加伦敦奥运会并获胜。A不时地；C广泛地；D连续不断地。
60. A（shine） 考查动词辨析。她说“我准备好‘闪耀（shine）’了。”And shine she did呼应前文。B飞；C跳舞；D得分。
【技巧总评】 本篇完美体现了“首句定基调”（奥运冠军的拼搏）、“情感曲线”（从“heartbreaking”到“confident”到“shine”）、“同义复现”（-60-空shine与结尾“And shine she did”呼应）、以及“主谓宾匹配”（-47-空went off的主语是she，表示“出发”）。
使用建议：建议每篇限时15分钟完成，5分钟核对解析。教师讲评时重点展示“如何从上下文找线索”，引导学生标注每道题的“技巧类型/线索来源”（如“同义复现”“反义对照”“首尾呼应”）。
第 1 页 共 27 页
学科网（北京）股份有限公司
$
资源预览图
