Unit 10 Symbols of China（复习讲义）英语新教材鲁教版九年级全一册
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Unit 10 Symbols of China（复习讲义)
复习要点
1. 词汇：掌握剪纸、京剧、汉服、筷子、风筝等中国文化符号的英文表达；积累 symbol、custom、precious、worldwide 等核心词汇，以及 be regarded as、be made of 等高频短语。
2. 语法：重点掌握一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时的被动语态结构，熟练完成主动句与被动句的句式转换，能在介绍类语篇中准确运用不同时态的被动语态。
3. 技能：听力能捕捉文化介绍中的历史、工艺、寓意等关键细节；阅读能读懂中国概况、茶文化、人物传记类文本，完成信息提取、正误判断与主旨匹配；口语能简单介绍中国文化符号；写作能完成文化主题的介绍类短文。
4. 文化知识：了解各类中国符号的文化内涵；熟悉中国地理、民族、历史基础概况；掌握茶的发现、传播及《茶经》相关知识；了解袁隆平等代表人物的事迹与贡献。
复习重难点
重点：中国文化主题词汇与短语的理解和运用；三种时态被动语态的结构、句式变换与主动被动转换；文化类文本的主旨概括与细节信息定位；用英语清晰介绍中国文化符号的特点与文化价值。
难点：准确区分不同时态的被动语态，在语篇中灵活且正确地使用；完成复杂句子的主被动转换，兼顾语法正确与语义完整；用英语连贯地讲述文化历史背景与人物事迹，准确传递文化内涵。
单元考点：单词、短语、句型
知识点1：Hanfu is a kind of traditional clothing which dates back to ancient China.
汉服是一种可追溯至中国古代的传统服饰。
【知识点】
1.which 引导的限制性定语从句（修饰事物）
当先行词是表示事物的名词时，用关系代词 which 引导定语从句，对先行词进行限定说明；which 在从句中作主语时不能省略。
主谓一致规则：从句谓语动词的单复数，必须和先行词保持一致。
例句：
① This is a famous book which tells about Chinese history.
这是一本讲述中国历史的名著。
② The movie which is about Confucius is very educational.
这部关于孔子的电影很有教育意义。
2.date back to
①只用主动语态，无被动形式
短语本身表示 “（事物）追溯到某个时间”，是主动含义，永远不能用被动语态 be dated back to。
②常用一般现在时
描述事物的历史起源、客观事实时，通常用一般现在时，不受过去时间的影响。
同义替换：date back to = date from，二者用法完全一致。
例句：
① The custom dates back to hundreds of years ago.
这个习俗可以追溯到几百年前。
② The old temple dates from the Song Dynasty.
这座古庙始建于宋代。
【即时小练】
The traditional Chinese skill of paper-cutting ______ back to more than 1,500 years ago.
A. is dated B. dates
C. was dated D. dating
知识点2：As a symbol of traditional Chinese culture, Hanfu is becoming more and more popular.
作为中国传统文化的象征，汉服正变得越来越流行。
【知识点】
1. as 引导的介词短语作状语
用法：as 作介词，后接名词 / 名词短语，置于句首或句中，表示 “作为；以…… 身份”，用来说明主语的身份、地位或属性。
易混辨析：
as 作介词：接名词，表 “作为”；
as 作连词：接完整句子，表 “当…… 时；因为；正如”。
例句：
① As a student, you should put your heart into study.
作为一名学生，你应该专心学习。
② She works as a guide in the museum.
她在博物馆担任导游。
2. 现在进行时表渐进变化
用法：现在进行时（am/is/are + doing）除了表示正在进行的动作，还可以表示现阶段逐渐发生的变化，常和 become, get, grow, turn 等表示 “变得” 的动词搭配，翻译为 “正变得……”。
例句：
① Our city is getting more and more beautiful.
我们的城市正变得越来越美。
② The boy is growing taller and taller.
这个男孩正长得越来越高。
3. more and more + 形容词原级：越来越……
用法：这是形容词比较级的常用结构，表示程度逐渐递增。
多音节 / 部分双音节形容词：用 more and more + 形容词原级，如 more and more important
单音节形容词：用 “比较级 + and + 比较级”，如 colder and colder
例句：
① It’s becoming more and more important to protect the environment.
保护环境正变得越来越重要。
② When spring comes, days get longer and longer.
春天来了，白天变得越来越长。
【即时小练】
______ one of the oldest traditional arts in China, shadow puppetry is ______ popular with young people now.
A. For; more and more B. As; more and more
C. For; much more D. As; much more
知识点3：Teenagers are often seen wearing Hanfu at their graduation ceremonies.
人们常看到青少年在毕业典礼上穿着汉服。
【知识点】
1. graduation /ˌɡrædʒuˈeɪʃn/ 不可数名词（n.） 毕业
词根关联：动词 graduate（毕业）+ 名词后缀 -tion
2. ceremony /ˈserəməni/ 可数名词（n.）典礼；仪式
复数形式：ceremonies
常考搭配：graduation ceremony 毕业典礼，opening ceremony 开幕式
3.一般现在时的被动语态
基本结构：主语 + am/is/are + 及物动词的过去分词
描述经常性、习惯性的被动动作，常和 often, usually, always 等频度副词连用。
主动被动转换：
主动句：People often see teenagers wearing Hanfu at graduation ceremonies.
被动句：Teenagers are often seen wearing Hanfu at graduation ceremonies.
4.see 的复合结构及被动变形
主动结构
含义
被动结构
用法要点
see sb. doing sth.
看见某人正在做某事
sb. be seen doing sth.
强调动作正在进行、处于某种状态
see sb. do sth.
看见某人做了某事
sb. be seen to do sth.
强调看到动作的全过程；被动句必须还原不定式符号 to
例句：
① I saw a girl dancing under the tree. → A girl was seen dancing under the tree.
我看见一个女孩正在树下跳舞。
② I saw a girl dance into the building. → A girl was seen to dance into the building.
我看见一个女孩走进了大楼。
【即时小练】
Nowadays, more and more young people ______ traditional Chinese clothes at important festivals.
A. see wearing B. are seen wearing
C. see to wear D. are seen to wear
知识点4：China is a great country which lies in the east of Asia.
中国是一个位于亚洲东部的伟大国家。
【知识点】
1.which 引导的限制性定语从句（表事物）
用法：先行词是表示事物的名词时，用关系代词 which 引导定语从句，which 在从句中作主语时不可省略。
主谓一致规则：从句谓语动词的单复数必须和先行词保持一致。
例句：
① This is a small village which lies at the foot of the mountain.
这是一座坐落在山脚下的小村庄。
② The book which tells about Asian history is very interesting.
这本讲述亚洲历史的书很有趣。
2. 方位介词 in /on/to 辨析
介词
含义
用法要点
例句
in
在…… 之内
A 在 B 的范围内部，属于 B
Beijing is in the north of China. 北京在中国的北部。
on
与…… 接壤
A 和 B 相邻接壤，但互不属于对方
Russia is on the north of China. 俄罗斯在中国的北边。
to
在…… 方向
A 和 B 不接壤，也互不属于对方
Japan is to the east of China. 日本在中国的东边。
【即时小练】
— Do you know where Shenzhen is?
— Yes. It is a modern city ______ lies ______ the south of China.
A. who; in B. which; in C. who; on D. which; on
知识点5：The climate in northern China is different from that in southern China.
中国北方的气候与南方的气候差异很大。
【知识点】
1. be different from 与…… 不同
反义短语：be the same as 与…… 相同
名词形式：difference 差异；差别
2. 比较结构中 that /those 的指代用法
在比较句型中，为了避免重复前面已经提到的名词，常用 that 指代可数名词单数或不可数名词，用 those 指代可数名词复数。
核心区别：
that/those：指代同类不同物，即和前面名词是同一类，但不是同一个事物；
it/they：指代同一个事物。
例句：
① The population of China is larger than that of Japan.
中国的人口比日本的人口多。（that 指代不可数名词 population）
② The leaves of this tree are bigger than those of that tree.
这棵树的叶子比那棵树的叶子大。（those 指代复数名词 leaves）
【即时小练】
The air in the mountains is much fresher than ______ in busy cities.
A. it B. that C. those D. this
知识点6： China is the third largest country that has a long history of about 5,000 years.
中国是世界第三大国，有着约 5000 年的悠久历史。
【知识点】
1. the + 序数词 + 形容词最高级 + 名词（中考高频考点）
表示 “第几最…… 的……”，用来描述事物在某一范围内的规模排名。
结构要点：序数词放在形容词最高级之前，整个结构前必须加定冠词 the。
例句：
① The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
黄河是中国第二长河。
② This is the third most interesting story in the book.
这是这本书里第三个最有趣的故事。
2. 定语从句只用 that 不用 which 的特殊规则（易错考点）
当先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时，关系代词只能用 that，不能用 which，这是定语从句的高频易错点。
补充其他只用 that 的情况：先行词是不定代词（all, anything, nothing 等）、先行词既有人又有物时。
例句：
① This is the best film that I have ever watched.
这是我看过的最好的电影。
② The first thing that we need to do is to protect the old building.
我们需要做的第一件事是保护这座古建筑。
3. have a history of... 固定表达
表示 “拥有时长为…… 的历史”，介词 of 后接具体的时间长度，是描述历史古迹、城市国家的常用句型。
同义转换：可以和介词短语 with a history of... 进行句型转换，作后置定语。
例句：
① The Confucius Temple has a history of over 2,000 years.
孔庙有两千多年的历史。
② It is an old town with a history of hundreds of years.
这是一座有着数百年历史的古镇。
【即时小练】
This is ______ most amazing ancient building ______ I have ever visited.
A. the third; which B. third; that C. the third; that D. third; which
知识点7：The Forbidden City is a famous palace which was home to 24 emperors.
故宫是一座曾有 24 位皇帝居住的著名宫殿。
【知识点】
1. 定语从句的时态呼应
主句描述客观事实、普遍真理时，用一般现在时；定语从句根据自身的时间背景选择时态，不受主句时态限制。
例句：
① The old temple which was built in the Tang Dynasty is still beautiful today.
这座建于唐朝的古庙如今依然很美。
② This is the museum which we visited last summer.
这就是我们去年夏天参观过的博物馆。
2. be home to
表示 “某地是…… 的家园 / 栖息地 / 所在地”，主语通常是地点类名词。
易错提醒：home 前不加任何冠词（a/an/the）；to 是介词，不是不定式符号，后接名词，不能接动词原形。
同义转换：可转换为 be the home of...（名词所有格形式，home 前加定冠词 the）
例：The forest is home to many birds. = The forest is the home of many birds.
例句：
① Sichuan is home to giant pandas.
四川是大熊猫的家园。
② This island is home to many special plants.
这座岛屿是很多珍稀植物的产地。
【即时小练】
Wolong National Nature Reserve ______ a famous protected area which ______ home to a large number of wild pandas.
A. is; is B. is; was C. was; is D. was; was
知识点8：The Yellow River is regarded as the Mother River by all Chinese people.
黄河被全体中国人视作母亲河。
【知识点】
1. 一般现在时的被动语态（表客观共识）
描述被大众普遍认可的事实、公认的评价，常用一般现在时的被动语态，强调动作的承受者，而非动作的发出者。
基本结构：主语 + am/is/are + 及物动词的过去分词 + (by + 动作执行者)
主动→被动转换示例：
主动句：All Chinese people regard the Yellow River as the Mother River.
被动句：The Yellow River is regarded as the Mother River by all Chinese people.
2. be regarded as 被视作；被认为是，侧重大众的普遍看法和主观评价。
短语中的 as 是介词，后面接名词、代词或动名词，在被动句中作主语补足语。
易混短语辨析：
be regarded as：侧重 “被人们视作、看待”，强调普遍的主观评价；
be considered as：侧重 “经过思考、判断后认定”，更具理性判断；
be known as：侧重 “作为…… 而闻名”，强调知名度与身份。
例句：
① The Great Wall is regarded as a wonder of ancient architecture.
长城被视为古代建筑的奇迹。
② She is regarded as the most hard-working student in our grade.
她被认为是我们年级最用功的学生。
【即时小练】
The Dragon Boat Festival, which has a history of over 2,000 years, ______ as one of the most important traditional festivals in China.
A. regards B. regarded C. is regarded D. was regarded
知识点9：The two great rivers not only are well-known, but also have special meanings.
这两条大河不仅闻名遐迩，更有着特殊的意义。
【知识点】
1. well-known /ˌwel ˈnəʊn/ 形容词（adj.） 著名的；出名的；众所周知的
词形变化：比较级 better-known，最高级 best-known
同义替换：famous
常考搭配：be well-known for 因…… 而出名；be well-known as 作为…… 而出名
例句：The town is well-known for its traditional handcrafts.
2. not only...but also... 不仅…… 而且……
①连接并列谓语
当句子只有一个主语，且主语同时具备两个状态、发出两个动作时，可用 not only...but also 连接两个并列谓语，两个谓语在时态、单复数上保持一致。
语序规则：
若第一个谓语是系表结构（be 动词 + 表语），not only 放在 be 动词之前；
若第一个谓语是实义动词，not only 直接放在实义动词之前。
She not only is good at English, but also speaks French well.
她不仅擅长英语，法语也说得很好。
②连接主语的主谓一致
当 not only...but also 连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则—— 和 but also 后面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
例句：Not only my parents but also my grandma likes watching Beijing Opera.
不仅我父母，我奶奶也喜欢看京剧。（就近匹配单数主语 grandma，谓语用 likes）
【即时小练】
Not only the Great Wall but also the Forbidden City ______ as one of China's most famous world cultural heritage sites.
A. is regarded B. are regarded C. regards D. regard
知识点10：There are many famous symbols that stand for Chinese culture, such as pandas and the Great Wall.
中国有许多代表性的文化象征，比如大熊猫和长城。
【知识点】
1. There be 存在句型（中考基础考点）
表示 “某地 / 某范围内存在某物”，强调存在关系，区别于 have/has 表示的 “拥有、所属” 关系。
主谓一致规则：be 动词的单复数由离它最近的主语决定（就近原则）：
主语是单数可数名词 / 不可数名词 → There is...
主语是复数可数名词 → There are...
时态拓展：there be 句型可对应各种时态，如一般过去时 There was/were...、一般将来时 There will be...。
例句：
① There is an ancient stone bridge over the river.
河上有一座古老的石桥。
② There will be a traditional culture show next week.
下周会有一场传统文化展演。
2. that 引导的限制性定语从句（指物）
先行词是表示事物的名词时，可用关系代词 that 引导定语从句；that 在从句中作主语时不能省略。
主谓一致规则：从句谓语动词的单复数，必须和先行词保持一致。
补充规则：当先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰，或先行词既有人又有物时，只能用 that，不能用 which。
例句：
① There are many old buildings that were built in the Qing Dynasty in the town.
镇上有许多建于清朝的老建筑。
② This is the most amazing gift that I have ever received.
这是我收到过的最棒的礼物。
3. such as 与 for example 的辨析
短语
用法特点
位置与标点
例句
such as
列举多个例子，后直接接名词 / 短语，不能接完整句子
紧跟在被举例的名词后，不用逗号隔开
I like traditional snacks such as mooncakes and zongzi.
for example
一般只举一个例子，后接完整句子
可放句首、句中、句末，前后常用逗号隔开
For example, we eat mooncakes on the Mid-Autumn Festival.
【即时小练】
There ______ many famous cultural heritage sites ______ have a long history in Shandong, ______ Sankong and Mount Tai.
A. is; which; for example B. are; that; such as
C. are; what; such as D. is; that; for example
单元语法：被动语态
【知识点】
主动语态：主语是动作的执行者，强调 “谁做了某事”。
例：People regard peony as a symbol of prosperity. 人们把牡丹视为繁荣的象征。
被动语态：主语是动作的承受者，强调 “某事 / 某物被怎样”，适合客观描述事物属性、历史事件、科技成就。
例：Peony is regarded as a symbol of prosperity. 牡丹被视为繁荣的象征。
核心结构：be 动词 + 及物动词的过去分词
时态
被动结构
用法说明
单元主题例句
一般现在时
am/is/are + 过去分词
描述客观事实、事物属性、普遍现象
Chopsticks are made of bamboo, wood and steel. 筷子由竹子、木材、钢铁等材料制成。
一般过去时
was/were + 过去分词
描述过去的被动动作，多用于历史、建造类描述
The Zhaozhou Bridge was built in the Sui Dynasty. 赵州桥建于隋朝。
一般将来时
will be + 过去分词
描述未来将要发生的被动动作
Hanfu will be worn by more people in the future. 未来会有越来越多人穿汉服。
情态动词
情态动词 + be + 过去分词
表达 “可以 / 应该 / 必须被……”
Precious relics must be protected well. 珍贵的文物必须被妥善保护。
【即时小练】
（一）用括号内动词的适当形式填空
1. The Shenzhou spacecraft ____________ (regard) as a symbol of China's space development now.
2. The ancient trade route ____________ (call) the Silk Road in old times.
3. More and more foreign goods ____________ (sell) in this commercial zone next year.
4. These precious silk works ____________ (make) by local craftsmen last month.
5. Diverse traditional skills ____________ (protect) by the local government these years.
（二）单项选择
6. The "Sky Eye" telescope ____________ to the public in 2021.
A. opens B. is opened C. was opened D. opened
7. — Do you know when the first C919 plane ____________ its first commercial flight?
— It ____________ successfully in May 2023.
A. completed; was completed B. was completed; completed
C. completed; completed D. was completed; was completed
8. The graduation speech ____________ by our headmaster tomorrow afternoon.
A. will give B. will be given
C. gives D. is given
9. Which of the following sentences uses the correct passive voice?
A. The accident was taken place last week.
B. Silkworms feed on mulberry leaves.
C. The ancient sage was regarded as a great thinker.
D. This problem can solve easily.
10. 改写句子：People hold many celebrations to welcome the new year.（改为被动语态）
A. Many celebrations are held to welcome the new year.
B. Many celebrations hold to welcome the new year.
C. Many celebrations were held to welcome the new year.
D. Many celebrations are hold to welcome the new year.
一、单项选择题。
1．The old building _______ down last year, and a new park _______ there already.
A．has been pulled; was built
B．was pulled; has been built
C．was pulled; was built
2．He ________ in Shanghai and later became a famous scientist.
A．was born B．is born C．born D．has been born
3．She keeps training ________ be an excellent dancer in the future.
A．in order to B．to in order C．in order
4．If you cut long hair short, you will have ________ free time, ________ spending much time washing long hair.
A．more; instead B．more; instead of
C．much; instead D．less; instead of
5．—I heard that the bridge ________ last month.
—Yes. It connects the two villages at last.
A．built B．is built C．was built D．has built
6．The environment in our city is getting better and better. Trees and flowers ________ everywhere now.
A．see B．saw C．are seen D．were seen
7．For more than a decade, many efforts ________ for the Beijing Central Axis ________ as a part of the UNESCO World Heritage List.
A．have put; recognizing B．were put; being recognized
C．are put; to recognize D．have been put; to be recognized
8．—International research stations ________ on the moon and Mars.
—That would be a great achievement.
A．build B．built C．are built D．will be built
9．—The Xuntian telescope ________ to space around 2026.
—I can’t wait to see it!
A．sends B．sent C．is sent D．will be sent
10．— Zhang Qian ________ by the enemy and kept in prison for about 10 years.
— But he never forgot his task and finally succeeded.
A．caught B．is caught C．was caught D．has caught
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. Tea ______________ (find) by accident in ancient China.
2. Silk ______________ (make) in China thousands of years ago.
3. The Great Wall ______________ (visit) by millions of people every year.
4. Many symbols of China ______________ (show) in this exhibition last week.
5. Tea ________ (spread) to the rest of the world many centuries ago.
6. The custom of the Spring Festival ________ (pass) down for thousands of years.
7. There are ________ (diverse) kinds of traditional snacks in this old town.
8. All the students ________ (impress) by the wonderful tea art show yesterday.
9. The ________ (precious) of the old painting is beyond words.
10. The wise sage ________ (respect) by all the local people at that time.
三、根据汉语意思完成句子
每空限填一词，缩写算一词。
1. 黄河被所有中国人称作 “母亲河”。
The Yellow River ______ ______ "the Mother River" by all Chinese people.
2. 由于复杂的地理环境，这里的气候十分特殊。
______ ______ the complex geography, the climate here is very special.
3. 中国有多种多样的民俗文化。
China has ______ folk cultures.
4. 据信神农最早发现了茶。
______ ______ ______ that Shen Nong first discovered tea.
5. 这些珍贵的文物应该被妥善保护。
These ______ cultural relics should ______ ______ well.
6. 天安门广场被视为中国的象征之一。
Tian'anmen Square ______ ______ ______ one of the symbols of China.
7. 茶叶在 19 世纪被传播到西方国家。
Tea ______ ______ to Western countries in the 19th century.
8. 不同地区的风俗各不相同。
Customs ______ from region to region.
9. 毕业典礼将于下周五在学校礼堂举行。
The graduation ceremony ______ ______ ______ in the school hall next Friday.
10. 桑叶是蚕的主要食物。
Mulberry ______ are the main food for silkworms.
四、完型填空
The Terracotta Army is a very famous cultural artefact.It is in Xi'an,Shaanxi Province.Back in 1974,some farmers were digging a well.All of a sudden,they___1__the Terracotta Army.It was one of the biggest and most important finds.These clay soldiers were made for the__2___of Emperor Qinshihuang after his death.
There are thousands of clay soldiers,horses,and chariots(战车).They are as big as real people and animals.Each soldier has a different__3___.Some look serious.Others seem a bit__4___,with smiles on their faces.And their clothes are detailed,showing different ranks(军衔).
The Terracotta Army is huge, __5__making all of them was really hard.Ancient people had to___6__years on this project.First,they___7__shaped the clay into the forms of soldiers,horses,and chariots.Then,they were___8__to add details like faces and
clothes.It__9___lots of work and time.
The Terracotta Army helps us learn a lot about China's___10__.It shows the___11__and wealth of the Qin Dynasty.Every year,millions of___12__from all over the world come to see the Terracotta Army.They are all really__13___at it.It makes us___14__of our long history and the amazing work of our ancestors.Let's work hard to___15__it so that future generations can enjoy it too.
1．A．collected B．discovered C．invented D．built
2．A．happiness B．success C．education D．safety
3．A．face B．height C．voice D．hair
4．A．nervous B．surprised C．angry D．relaxed
5．A．either B．so C．but D．or
6．A．spend B．cost C．take D．pay
7．A．carefully B．really C．politely D．differently
8．A．busy B．patient C．glad D．strict
9．A．promised B．reminded C．required D．warned
10．A．culture B．history C．art D．custom
11．A．courage B．pressure C．power D．hope
12．A．tourists B．workers C．farmers D．students
13．A．amazed B．bored C．scared D．silent
14．A．bored B．afraid C．curious D．proud
15．A．protect B．visit C．study D．copy
五、阅读下面短文，在方框中选择合适的单词并用其正确形式填空。
tea，silk，rice，culture，trade，spread，produce，professor，research，knowledge
China is famous for many things. 1 was first drunk in China thousands of years ago. 2 was made in China and sent to other countries along the Silk Road. 3 is the main food in the south of China. Chinese 4 is rich and has a long history. Long ago, 5 between China and other countries brought new ideas to both sides. Chinese tea 6 to many parts of the world. Farmers 7 a lot of food every year. A university 8 and his students do a lot of 9 on farming. Their 10 helps farmers live a better life.
六、阅读理解
Li Hua used to think Beijing Opera was boring. Like many teenagers, he preferred pop music and often changed the TV channel when Beijing Opera was on. He thought it was only for old people.
Everything changed when his school organized a Beijing Opera club. Every Friday afternoon, a professional actor came to teach the students. They learned about the four main roles: Sheng, Dan, Jing and Chou. They also practiced basic movements like walking on stage and waving long sleeves.
“At first, the singing style was strange to me. The rhythm was hard to follow,” Li Hua said. “But after a few weeks, I began to understand the stories behind the operas. Some are about historical heroes, and some are about beautiful poems.”
Now Li Hua and his classmates enjoy Beijing Opera very much. They often discuss the stories during breaks. “I used to think traditional art was old-fashioned, but now I know it is part of our culture. We should protect it,” Li Hua said. “If we don’t learn about it, this art may disappear. It is our duty to pass it on.”
Through the club, Li Hua found the beauty of Beijing Opera. He hopes more teenagers will try it. “Understanding our traditional art makes us proud of our country,” he said with a smile.
1．What was Li Hua’s attitude towards Beijing Opera at first?
A．He loved it very much. B．He thought it was boring.
C．He thought it was modern. D．He thought it was for teenagers.
2．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to?
A．Beijing Opera. B．Pop music. C．The school club. D．The TV channel.
3．What is the main purpose of the text?
A．To introduce the history of Beijing Opera. B．To encourage teenagers to learn about traditional art.
C．To compare Beijing Opera with pop music. D．To explain why Beijing Opera is popular among old people.
6
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Unit 10 Symbols of China（复习讲义)
复习要点
1. 词汇：掌握剪纸、京剧、汉服、筷子、风筝等中国文化符号的英文表达；积累 symbol、custom、precious、worldwide 等核心词汇，以及 be regarded as、be made of 等高频短语。
2. 语法：重点掌握一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时的被动语态结构，熟练完成主动句与被动句的句式转换，能在介绍类语篇中准确运用不同时态的被动语态。
3. 技能：听力能捕捉文化介绍中的历史、工艺、寓意等关键细节；阅读能读懂中国概况、茶文化、人物传记类文本，完成信息提取、正误判断与主旨匹配；口语能简单介绍中国文化符号；写作能完成文化主题的介绍类短文。
4. 文化知识：了解各类中国符号的文化内涵；熟悉中国地理、民族、历史基础概况；掌握茶的发现、传播及《茶经》相关知识；了解袁隆平等代表人物的事迹与贡献。
复习重难点
重点：中国文化主题词汇与短语的理解和运用；三种时态被动语态的结构、句式变换与主动被动转换；文化类文本的主旨概括与细节信息定位；用英语清晰介绍中国文化符号的特点与文化价值。
难点：准确区分不同时态的被动语态，在语篇中灵活且正确地使用；完成复杂句子的主被动转换，兼顾语法正确与语义完整；用英语连贯地讲述文化历史背景与人物事迹，准确传递文化内涵。
单元考点：单词、短语、句型
知识点1：Hanfu is a kind of traditional clothing which dates back to ancient China.
汉服是一种可追溯至中国古代的传统服饰。
【知识点】
1.which 引导的限制性定语从句（修饰事物）
当先行词是表示事物的名词时，用关系代词 which 引导定语从句，对先行词进行限定说明；which 在从句中作主语时不能省略。
主谓一致规则：从句谓语动词的单复数，必须和先行词保持一致。
例句：
① This is a famous book which tells about Chinese history.
这是一本讲述中国历史的名著。
② The movie which is about Confucius is very educational.
这部关于孔子的电影很有教育意义。
2.date back to
①只用主动语态，无被动形式
短语本身表示 “（事物）追溯到某个时间”，是主动含义，永远不能用被动语态 be dated back to。
②常用一般现在时
描述事物的历史起源、客观事实时，通常用一般现在时，不受过去时间的影响。
同义替换：date back to = date from，二者用法完全一致。
例句：
① The custom dates back to hundreds of years ago.
这个习俗可以追溯到几百年前。
② The old temple dates from the Song Dynasty.
这座古庙始建于宋代。
【即时小练】
The traditional Chinese skill of paper-cutting ______ back to more than 1,500 years ago.
A. is dated B. dates
C. was dated D. dating
【答案】B
【详解】句意：中国传统技艺剪纸的历史可以追溯到 1500 多年前。
date back to 表示 “追溯到”，描述事物的起源，只用主动语态，不用被动语态，因此排除 A、C 两个被动选项。主语 paper-cutting 是单数名词，描述客观事实用一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式 dates。
知识点2：As a symbol of traditional Chinese culture, Hanfu is becoming more and more popular.
作为中国传统文化的象征，汉服正变得越来越流行。
【知识点】
1. as 引导的介词短语作状语
用法：as 作介词，后接名词 / 名词短语，置于句首或句中，表示 “作为；以…… 身份”，用来说明主语的身份、地位或属性。
易混辨析：
as 作介词：接名词，表 “作为”；
as 作连词：接完整句子，表 “当…… 时；因为；正如”。
例句：
① As a student, you should put your heart into study.
作为一名学生，你应该专心学习。
② She works as a guide in the museum.
她在博物馆担任导游。
2. 现在进行时表渐进变化
用法：现在进行时（am/is/are + doing）除了表示正在进行的动作，还可以表示现阶段逐渐发生的变化，常和 become, get, grow, turn 等表示 “变得” 的动词搭配，翻译为 “正变得……”。
例句：
① Our city is getting more and more beautiful.
我们的城市正变得越来越美。
② The boy is growing taller and taller.
这个男孩正长得越来越高。
3. more and more + 形容词原级：越来越……
用法：这是形容词比较级的常用结构，表示程度逐渐递增。
多音节 / 部分双音节形容词：用 more and more + 形容词原级，如 more and more important
单音节形容词：用 “比较级 + and + 比较级”，如 colder and colder
例句：
① It’s becoming more and more important to protect the environment.
保护环境正变得越来越重要。
② When spring comes, days get longer and longer.
春天来了，白天变得越来越长。
【即时小练】
______ one of the oldest traditional arts in China, shadow puppetry is ______ popular with young people now.
A. For; more and more B. As; more and more
C. For; much more D. As; much more
【答案】B
【详解】句意：作为中国最古老的传统艺术之一，皮影戏如今正越来越受年轻人欢迎。
第一空：考查介词辨析。句意为 “作为中国最古老的传统艺术之一”，表示 “作为” 的身份含义，要用介词 as；for 表示 “为了；因为”，不符合语境，排除 A、C 选项。
第二空：考查比较级结构。句意为 “皮影戏现在正越来越受年轻人欢迎”，表示 “越来越……” 的渐进含义，要用 more and more + 形容词结构；much more 只能表示 “…… 得多”，不体现逐渐变化的过程，排除 D 选项。
知识点3：Teenagers are often seen wearing Hanfu at their graduation ceremonies.
人们常看到青少年在毕业典礼上穿着汉服。
【知识点】
1. graduation /ˌɡrædʒuˈeɪʃn/ 不可数名词（n.） 毕业
词根关联：动词 graduate（毕业）+ 名词后缀 -tion
2. ceremony /ˈserəməni/ 可数名词（n.）典礼；仪式
复数形式：ceremonies
常考搭配：graduation ceremony 毕业典礼，opening ceremony 开幕式
3.一般现在时的被动语态
基本结构：主语 + am/is/are + 及物动词的过去分词
描述经常性、习惯性的被动动作，常和 often, usually, always 等频度副词连用。
主动被动转换：
主动句：People often see teenagers wearing Hanfu at graduation ceremonies.
被动句：Teenagers are often seen wearing Hanfu at graduation ceremonies.
4.see 的复合结构及被动变形
主动结构
含义
被动结构
用法要点
see sb. doing sth.
看见某人正在做某事
sb. be seen doing sth.
强调动作正在进行、处于某种状态
see sb. do sth.
看见某人做了某事
sb. be seen to do sth.
强调看到动作的全过程；被动句必须还原不定式符号 to
例句：
① I saw a girl dancing under the tree. → A girl was seen dancing under the tree.
我看见一个女孩正在树下跳舞。
② I saw a girl dance into the building. → A girl was seen to dance into the building.
我看见一个女孩走进了大楼。
【即时小练】
Nowadays, more and more young people ______ traditional Chinese clothes at important festivals.
A. see wearing B. are seen wearing
C. see to wear D. are seen to wear
【答案】B
【详解】句意：如今，越来越多的年轻人在重要节日时被看到穿着中国传统服饰。
语态判断：主语 young people 和动词 see 是被动关系，即 “年轻人被（人们）看到”，需要用被动语态，排除 A、C 两个主动选项。
结构辨析：句子强调 “在节日里穿着传统服饰” 的状态，符合 “被看到处于做某事的状态”，要用 be seen doing sth. 结构；be seen to do sth. 强调看到动作的全过程，不符合语境，排除 D 选项。
知识点4：China is a great country which lies in the east of Asia.
中国是一个位于亚洲东部的伟大国家。
【知识点】
1.which 引导的限制性定语从句（表事物）
用法：先行词是表示事物的名词时，用关系代词 which 引导定语从句，which 在从句中作主语时不可省略。
主谓一致规则：从句谓语动词的单复数必须和先行词保持一致。
例句：
① This is a small village which lies at the foot of the mountain.
这是一座坐落在山脚下的小村庄。
② The book which tells about Asian history is very interesting.
这本讲述亚洲历史的书很有趣。
2. 方位介词 in /on/to 辨析
介词
含义
用法要点
例句
in
在…… 之内
A 在 B 的范围内部，属于 B
Beijing is in the north of China. 北京在中国的北部。
on
与…… 接壤
A 和 B 相邻接壤，但互不属于对方
Russia is on the north of China. 俄罗斯在中国的北边。
to
在…… 方向
A 和 B 不接壤，也互不属于对方
Japan is to the east of China. 日本在中国的东边。
【即时小练】
— Do you know where Shenzhen is?
— Yes. It is a modern city ______ lies ______ the south of China.
A. who; in B. which; in C. who; on D. which; on
【答案】B
【详解】句意：—— 你知道深圳在哪里吗？—— 知道。它是一座位于中国南部的现代化城市。
第一空：考查定语从句的关系代词。先行词 city 是表示事物的名词，关系代词用 which；who 用于指代人，排除 A、C 选项。
第二空：考查方位介词。深圳是中国的城市，在中国范围内部，表示 “在…… 之内” 要用介词 in；on 表示接壤相邻，不符合地理事实，排除 D 选项。
知识点5：The climate in northern China is different from that in southern China.
中国北方的气候与南方的气候差异很大。
【知识点】
1. be different from 与…… 不同
反义短语：be the same as 与…… 相同
名词形式：difference 差异；差别
2. 比较结构中 that /those 的指代用法
在比较句型中，为了避免重复前面已经提到的名词，常用 that 指代可数名词单数或不可数名词，用 those 指代可数名词复数。
核心区别：
that/those：指代同类不同物，即和前面名词是同一类，但不是同一个事物；
it/they：指代同一个事物。
例句：
① The population of China is larger than that of Japan.
中国的人口比日本的人口多。（that 指代不可数名词 population）
② The leaves of this tree are bigger than those of that tree.
这棵树的叶子比那棵树的叶子大。（those 指代复数名词 leaves）
【即时小练】
The air in the mountains is much fresher than ______ in busy cities.
A. it B. that C. those D. this
【答案】B
【详解】句意：山里的空气比繁华城市里的空气清新得多。
A. it：指代同一个事物，句中 “山里的空气” 和 “城市里的空气” 是同类但不是同一个，不符合；
B. that：指代同类不同物的不可数名词 / 可数名词单数，这里指代不可数名词 air，避免重复，符合用法；
C. those：指代复数名词，air 是不可数名词，单复数不一致，排除；
D. this：不能用于比较结构中替代前文的名词，排除。
知识点6： China is the third largest country that has a long history of about 5,000 years.
中国是世界第三大国，有着约 5000 年的悠久历史。
【知识点】
1. the + 序数词 + 形容词最高级 + 名词（中考高频考点）
表示 “第几最…… 的……”，用来描述事物在某一范围内的规模排名。
结构要点：序数词放在形容词最高级之前，整个结构前必须加定冠词 the。
例句：
① The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
黄河是中国第二长河。
② This is the third most interesting story in the book.
这是这本书里第三个最有趣的故事。
2. 定语从句只用 that 不用 which 的特殊规则（易错考点）
当先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时，关系代词只能用 that，不能用 which，这是定语从句的高频易错点。
补充其他只用 that 的情况：先行词是不定代词（all, anything, nothing 等）、先行词既有人又有物时。
例句：
① This is the best film that I have ever watched.
这是我看过的最好的电影。
② The first thing that we need to do is to protect the old building.
我们需要做的第一件事是保护这座古建筑。
3. have a history of... 固定表达
表示 “拥有时长为…… 的历史”，介词 of 后接具体的时间长度，是描述历史古迹、城市国家的常用句型。
同义转换：可以和介词短语 with a history of... 进行句型转换，作后置定语。
例句：
① The Confucius Temple has a history of over 2,000 years.
孔庙有两千多年的历史。
② It is an old town with a history of hundreds of years.
这是一座有着数百年历史的古镇。
【即时小练】
This is ______ most amazing ancient building ______ I have ever visited.
A. the third; which B. third; that C. the third; that D. third; which
【答案】C
【详解】句意：这是我参观过的第三座最令人惊叹的古建筑。
第一空：考查序数词修饰最高级的结构。表示 “第三座最令人惊叹的”，固定结构为 the + 序数词 + 形容词最高级，序数词前必须加定冠词 the，排除 B、D 选项。
第二空：考查定语从句的关系代词。先行词 building 被序数词和形容词最高级同时修饰，此时关系代词只能用 that，不能用 which，排除 A 选项。
知识点7：The Forbidden City is a famous palace which was home to 24 emperors.
故宫是一座曾有 24 位皇帝居住的著名宫殿。
【知识点】
1. 定语从句的时态呼应
主句描述客观事实、普遍真理时，用一般现在时；定语从句根据自身的时间背景选择时态，不受主句时态限制。
例句：
① The old temple which was built in the Tang Dynasty is still beautiful today.
这座建于唐朝的古庙如今依然很美。
② This is the museum which we visited last summer.
这就是我们去年夏天参观过的博物馆。
2. be home to
表示 “某地是…… 的家园 / 栖息地 / 所在地”，主语通常是地点类名词。
易错提醒：home 前不加任何冠词（a/an/the）；to 是介词，不是不定式符号，后接名词，不能接动词原形。
同义转换：可转换为 be the home of...（名词所有格形式，home 前加定冠词 the）
例：The forest is home to many birds. = The forest is the home of many birds.
例句：
① Sichuan is home to giant pandas.
四川是大熊猫的家园。
② This island is home to many special plants.
这座岛屿是很多珍稀植物的产地。
【即时小练】
Wolong National Nature Reserve ______ a famous protected area which ______ home to a large number of wild pandas.
A. is; is B. is; was C. was; is D. was; was
【答案】A
【详解】句意：卧龙国家级自然保护区是一处著名的保护区，是大量野生大熊猫的家园。
第一空：主句描述 “卧龙国家级自然保护区是著名保护区”，这是客观事实，用一般现在时 is，排除 C、D 选项。
第二空：定语从句描述 “保护区是大熊猫的家园”，这是持续到现在的客观状态，用一般现在时 is；be home to 是固定搭配，关系代词 which 指代单数名词 area，因此系动词用 is。
知识点8：The Yellow River is regarded as the Mother River by all Chinese people.
黄河被全体中国人视作母亲河。
【知识点】
1. 一般现在时的被动语态（表客观共识）
描述被大众普遍认可的事实、公认的评价，常用一般现在时的被动语态，强调动作的承受者，而非动作的发出者。
基本结构：主语 + am/is/are + 及物动词的过去分词 + (by + 动作执行者)
主动→被动转换示例：
主动句：All Chinese people regard the Yellow River as the Mother River.
被动句：The Yellow River is regarded as the Mother River by all Chinese people.
2. be regarded as 被视作；被认为是，侧重大众的普遍看法和主观评价。
短语中的 as 是介词，后面接名词、代词或动名词，在被动句中作主语补足语。
易混短语辨析：
be regarded as：侧重 “被人们视作、看待”，强调普遍的主观评价；
be considered as：侧重 “经过思考、判断后认定”，更具理性判断；
be known as：侧重 “作为…… 而闻名”，强调知名度与身份。
例句：
① The Great Wall is regarded as a wonder of ancient architecture.
长城被视为古代建筑的奇迹。
② She is regarded as the most hard-working student in our grade.
她被认为是我们年级最用功的学生。
【即时小练】
The Dragon Boat Festival, which has a history of over 2,000 years, ______ as one of the most important traditional festivals in China.
A. regards B. regarded C. is regarded D. was regarded
【答案】C
【详解】句意：有着两千多年历史的端午节被视为中国最重要的传统节日之一。
语态判断：主语 The Dragon Boat Festival 和动词 regard 是被动关系，即 “端午节被视为……”，需要使用被动语态，排除 A、B 两个主动形式。
时态判断：句子描述的是至今仍成立的公认客观事实，用一般现在时；一般过去时仅表示过去的看法，不符合现实语境，排除 D 选项。
知识点9：The two great rivers not only are well-known, but also have special meanings.
这两条大河不仅闻名遐迩，更有着特殊的意义。
【知识点】
1. well-known /ˌwel ˈnəʊn/ 形容词（adj.） 著名的；出名的；众所周知的
词形变化：比较级 better-known，最高级 best-known
同义替换：famous
常考搭配：be well-known for 因…… 而出名；be well-known as 作为…… 而出名
例句：The town is well-known for its traditional handcrafts.
2. not only...but also... 不仅…… 而且……
①连接并列谓语
当句子只有一个主语，且主语同时具备两个状态、发出两个动作时，可用 not only...but also 连接两个并列谓语，两个谓语在时态、单复数上保持一致。
语序规则：
若第一个谓语是系表结构（be 动词 + 表语），not only 放在 be 动词之前；
若第一个谓语是实义动词，not only 直接放在实义动词之前。
She not only is good at English, but also speaks French well.
她不仅擅长英语，法语也说得很好。
②连接主语的主谓一致
当 not only...but also 连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则—— 和 but also 后面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
例句：Not only my parents but also my grandma likes watching Beijing Opera.
不仅我父母，我奶奶也喜欢看京剧。（就近匹配单数主语 grandma，谓语用 likes）
【即时小练】
Not only the Great Wall but also the Forbidden City ______ as one of China's most famous world cultural heritage sites.
A. is regarded B. are regarded C. regards D. regard
【答案】A
【详解】句意：不仅长城，故宫也被视为中国最著名的世界文化遗产地之一。
主谓一致：not only...but also 连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则，就近的主语 the Forbidden City 是单数名词，因此谓语用单数形式，排除 B、D 选项。
语态判断：主语和动词 regard 是被动关系，即 “被视为……”，需要用被动语态 be regarded，排除 C 选项。
知识点10：There are many famous symbols that stand for Chinese culture, such as pandas and the Great Wall.
中国有许多代表性的文化象征，比如大熊猫和长城。
【知识点】
1. There be 存在句型（中考基础考点）
表示 “某地 / 某范围内存在某物”，强调存在关系，区别于 have/has 表示的 “拥有、所属” 关系。
主谓一致规则：be 动词的单复数由离它最近的主语决定（就近原则）：
主语是单数可数名词 / 不可数名词 → There is...
主语是复数可数名词 → There are...
时态拓展：there be 句型可对应各种时态，如一般过去时 There was/were...、一般将来时 There will be...。
例句：
① There is an ancient stone bridge over the river.
河上有一座古老的石桥。
② There will be a traditional culture show next week.
下周会有一场传统文化展演。
2. that 引导的限制性定语从句（指物）
先行词是表示事物的名词时，可用关系代词 that 引导定语从句；that 在从句中作主语时不能省略。
主谓一致规则：从句谓语动词的单复数，必须和先行词保持一致。
补充规则：当先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰，或先行词既有人又有物时，只能用 that，不能用 which。
例句：
① There are many old buildings that were built in the Qing Dynasty in the town.
镇上有许多建于清朝的老建筑。
② This is the most amazing gift that I have ever received.
这是我收到过的最棒的礼物。
3. such as 与 for example 的辨析
短语
用法特点
位置与标点
例句
such as
列举多个例子，后直接接名词 / 短语，不能接完整句子
紧跟在被举例的名词后，不用逗号隔开
I like traditional snacks such as mooncakes and zongzi.
for example
一般只举一个例子，后接完整句子
可放句首、句中、句末，前后常用逗号隔开
For example, we eat mooncakes on the Mid-Autumn Festival.
【即时小练】
There ______ many famous cultural heritage sites ______ have a long history in Shandong, ______ Sankong and Mount Tai.
A. is; which; for example B. are; that; such as
C. are; what; such as D. is; that; for example
【答案】B
【详解】句意：山东有许多历史悠久的著名文化遗产地，比如三孔和泰山。
第一空：考查 there be 句型的主谓一致。主语 many famous cultural heritage sites 是复数名词，be 动词用 are，排除 A、D 选项。
第二空：考查定语从句的关系代词。先行词 sites 是表示事物的名词，从句修饰先行词且作主语，用关系代词 that；what 不能引导定语从句，排除 C 选项。
第三空：考查举例用法。后文直接接两个名词短语，是多个例子，用 such as；for example 后需接完整句子且用逗号隔开，不符合此处结构。
单元语法：被动语态
【知识点】
主动语态：主语是动作的执行者，强调 “谁做了某事”。
例：People regard peony as a symbol of prosperity. 人们把牡丹视为繁荣的象征。
被动语态：主语是动作的承受者，强调 “某事 / 某物被怎样”，适合客观描述事物属性、历史事件、科技成就。
例：Peony is regarded as a symbol of prosperity. 牡丹被视为繁荣的象征。
核心结构：be 动词 + 及物动词的过去分词
时态
被动结构
用法说明
单元主题例句
一般现在时
am/is/are + 过去分词
描述客观事实、事物属性、普遍现象
Chopsticks are made of bamboo, wood and steel. 筷子由竹子、木材、钢铁等材料制成。
一般过去时
was/were + 过去分词
描述过去的被动动作，多用于历史、建造类描述
The Zhaozhou Bridge was built in the Sui Dynasty. 赵州桥建于隋朝。
一般将来时
will be + 过去分词
描述未来将要发生的被动动作
Hanfu will be worn by more people in the future. 未来会有越来越多人穿汉服。
情态动词
情态动词 + be + 过去分词
表达 “可以 / 应该 / 必须被……”
Precious relics must be protected well. 珍贵的文物必须被妥善保护。
【即时小练】
（一）用括号内动词的适当形式填空
1. The Shenzhou spacecraft ____________ (regard) as a symbol of China's space development now.
1. 【答案】is regarded
【详解】考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语为单数，“被视为” 用固定搭配 be regarded as，一般现在时对应 is regarded。
2. The ancient trade route ____________ (call) the Silk Road in old times.
2. 【答案】was called
【详解】考查一般过去时的被动语态。in old times 是过去时间标志，“被称作” 用 be called，主语为单数，故填 was called。
3. More and more foreign goods ____________ (sell) in this commercial zone next year.
3. 【答案】will be sold
【详解】考查一般将来时的被动语态。next year 是将来时间标志，“商品被售卖”，结构为 will be + 过去分词，故填 will be sold。
4. These precious silk works ____________ (make) by local craftsmen last month.
4. 【答案】were made
【详解】考查一般过去时的被动语态。last month 是过去时间，silk works 为复数，“被制作” 对应 were made。
5. Diverse traditional skills ____________ (protect) by the local government these years.
5. 【答案】are protected
【详解】考查一般现在时的被动语态。skills 为复数，“被保护”，描述当前的客观状态，用 are protected。（二）单项选择
6. The "Sky Eye" telescope ____________ to the public in 2021.
A. opens B. is opened C. was opened D. opened
6. 【答案】C
【详解】考查一般过去时的被动语态。in 2021 是过去时间，“天眼望远镜被向公众开放”，主语是动作的承受者，用被动结构 was opened。
7. — Do you know when the first C919 plane ____________ its first commercial flight?
— It ____________ successfully in May 2023.
A. completed; was completed B. was completed; completed
C. completed; completed D. was completed; was completed
7. 【答案】A
【详解】第一空 “C919 完成首飞”，主语是飞机，主动执行动作，用过去式 completed；第二空 it 指代首飞任务，“被成功完成”，用被动语态 was completed。
8. The graduation speech ____________ by our headmaster tomorrow afternoon.
A. will give B. will be given
C. gives D. is given
8. 【答案】B
【详解】考查一般将来时的被动语态。tomorrow afternoon 是将来时间，“毕业演讲被校长发表”，用将来时被动 will be given。
9. Which of the following sentences uses the correct passive voice?
A. The accident was taken place last week.
B. Silkworms feed on mulberry leaves.
C. The ancient sage was regarded as a great thinker.
D. This problem can solve easily.
9. 【答案】C
【详解】A 错误：take place 是不及物动词短语，无被动语态；
B 为主动句，不符合 “正确被动句” 的要求；
C 正确：“这位古代智者被视为伟大的思想家”，一般过去时被动结构正确；
D 错误：问题应该 “被解决”，需用被动 can be solved。
10. 改写句子：People hold many celebrations to welcome the new year.（改为被动语态）
A. Many celebrations are held to welcome the new year.
B. Many celebrations hold to welcome the new year.
C. Many celebrations were held to welcome the new year.
D. Many celebrations are hold to welcome the new year.
10.【答案】 A
【详解】原句为一般现在时，改为被动语态后主语 celebrations 是复数，对应一般现在时被动结构 are held；hold 的过去分词是 held，故选 A。
一、单项选择题。
1．The old building _______ down last year, and a new park _______ there already.
A．has been pulled; was built
B．was pulled; has been built
C．was pulled; was built
【答案】B
【详解】句意：那座旧建筑去年被拆除了，并且那里已经建起了一个新公园。
第一空根据时间状语last year 可知应用一般过去时，主语building与动词pull之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态was pulled；第二空根据标志词already可知应用现在完成时，主语park与动词build之间是被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态has been built。
2．He ________ in Shanghai and later became a famous scientist.
A．was born B．is born C．born D．has been born
【答案】A
【详解】句意：他出生在上海，后来成为了一名著名的科学家。
“出生”的固定英语表达是be born；句中后半句的became是一般过去时，说明整句话描述的是过去发生的事情，时态要保持一致，应填was born。
3．She keeps training ________ be an excellent dancer in the future.
A．in order to B．to in order C．in order
【答案】A
【详解】句意：她坚持训练，为了将来成为一名优秀的舞者。
in order to为了，后接动词原形，表目的；to in order为错误搭配；in order单独使用不能直接接动词。本句后面是动词原形be，要用in order to。
4．If you cut long hair short, you will have ________ free time, ________ spending much time washing long hair.
A．more; instead B．more; instead of
C．much; instead D．less; instead of
【答案】B
【详解】句意：如果你把长发剪短，你将会有更多的空闲时间，而不是花很多时间洗长发。
根据语境可知，剪短发会节省洗发的时间，从而拥有“更多的”空闲时间，第一空应用more；第二空后接动名词spending，instead是副词，instead of是介词短语，后接名词或动名词，表示“而不是”，故第二空应用instead of。故选B。
5．—I heard that the bridge ________ last month.
—Yes. It connects the two villages at last.
A．built B．is built C．was built D．has built
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——我听说这座桥是上个月建成的。——是的，它终于连通了这两个村庄。
宾语从句的主语the bridge和谓语动词build之间是动宾关系，需使用被动语态；同时句中出现时间状语last month，表明动作发生在过去，需使用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was/were + 过去分词，主语the bridge是单数，故选was built。
6．The environment in our city is getting better and better. Trees and flowers ________ everywhere now.
A．see B．saw C．are seen D．were seen
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我们城市的环境正变得越来越好。现在树木和花朵到处都被看见。
根据时间状语now可知句子时态为一般现在时，主语“Trees and flowers”与动词“see”之间是被动关系，需用被动语态，结构为“are+done”。
7．For more than a decade, many efforts ________ for the Beijing Central Axis ________ as a part of the UNESCO World Heritage List.
A．have put; recognizing B．were put; being recognized
C．are put; to recognize D．have been put; to be recognized
【答案】D
【详解】句意：十多年来，已经付出了许多努力，为了使北京中轴线被认可为联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录的一部分。
第一空根据时间状语“For more than a decade”可知句子应用现在完成时，主语efforts与动词put之间是被动关系，故用have been put；第二空表示努力的目的，且the Beijing Central Axis与recognize 之间是被动关系，故用不定式的被动式to be recognized。
8．—International research stations ________ on the moon and Mars.
—That would be a great achievement.
A．build B．built C．are built D．will be built
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——国际研究站将在月球和火星上被建造。——那将是一项伟大的成就。
主语International research stations与动词build之间是被动关系，需用被动语态；根据答语“That would be a great achievement.”可知这是对未来的设想，用一般将来时，应填will be built。
9．—The Xuntian telescope ________ to space around 2026.
—I can’t wait to see it!
A．sends B．sent C．is sent D．will be sent
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——巡天望远镜将在2026年左右被送入太空。——我迫不及待想看到它！
根据时间状语“around 2026”可知动作发生在将来，telescope和send之间是被动关系，要用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为will be+动词过去分词。
10．— Zhang Qian ________ by the enemy and kept in prison for about 10 years.
— But he never forgot his task and finally succeeded.
A．caught B．is caught C．was caught D．has caught
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——张骞被敌人抓住并关在监狱里大约 10 年。——但他从未忘记他的任务，最终成功了。
主语Zhang Qian和catch是被动关系，事情发生在过去，要用一般过去时的被动语态，应填was caught。
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. Tea ______________ (find) by accident in ancient China.
【答案】was found
【详解】句意：茶在古代中国被偶然发现。主语Tea和动词find之间是被动关系，in ancient China是过去时间，要用一般过去时的被动语态，结构是“was/were+过去分词”；主语Tea是单数，be动词用was，find的过去分词是found。
2. Silk ______________ (make) in China thousands of years ago.
【答案】was made
【详解】句意：丝绸在几千年前是在中国制造的。“make”是动词，意为“制造”。主语Silk（丝绸）与谓语动词make之间是被动关系，且时间状语“thousands of years ago”表明动作发生在过去，故应用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为“was/were + 过去分词”。Silk是不可数名词，be动词用was，make的过去分词为made。故填was made。
3. The Great Wall ______________ (visit) by millions of people every year.
【答案】is visited
【详解】句意：每年有数百万人游览长城。根据句子结构和句意可知，主语“The Great Wall”和动词“visit参观”是被动关系，由every year可知该句为一般现在时的被动语态，主语是单数，因此填is visited。
4. Many symbols of China ______________ (show) in this exhibition last week.
【答案】were shown
【详解】句意：上周的这场展览展出了许多中国的象征符号。句中“last week”为过去的时间状语，提示动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。主语Many symbols of China和动词show之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为复数，be动词用were，show的过去分词为shown。
5. Tea ________ (spread) to the rest of the world many centuries ago.
【答案】was spread
【详解】一般过去时被动语态。many centuries ago 表过去，茶是被传播，主语为单数，用 was spread。
6. The custom of the Spring Festival ________ (pass) down for thousands of years.
【答案】has been passed
【详解】现在完成时被动语态。for thousands of years 是持续时间标志，“习俗被传承”，用现在完成时被动 has been passed。
7. There are ________ (diverse) kinds of traditional snacks in this old town.
【答案】diverse
【详解】词性转换。修饰名词 kinds 用形容词，diverse 意为 “多种多样的”。
8. All the students ________ (impress) by the wonderful tea art show yesterday.
【答案】were impressed
【详解】一般过去时被动语态。yesterday 表过去，学生是 “被打动”，主语为复数，用 were impressed。
9. The ________ (precious) of the old painting is beyond words.
【答案】preciousness
【详解】词性转换。定冠词 the 后接名词，precious 的名词形式是 preciousness，意为 “珍贵”。
10. The wise sage ________ (respect) by all the local people at that time.
【答案】was respected
【详解】一般过去时被动语态。at that time 表过去，智者是 “被尊敬”，主语为单数，用 was respected。
三、根据汉语意思完成句子
每空限填一词，缩写算一词。
1. 黄河被所有中国人称作 “母亲河”。
The Yellow River ______ ______ "the Mother River" by all Chinese people.
【答案】is called
【详解】一般现在时被动语态，“被称作” 用 be called，主语为单数用 is。
2. 由于复杂的地理环境，这里的气候十分特殊。
______ ______ the complex geography, the climate here is very special.
【答案】Due to
【详解】单元固定短语 due to，意为 “由于，因为”，句首首字母大写。
3. 中国有多种多样的民俗文化。
China has ______ folk cultures.
【答案】diverse
【详解】单元形容词 diverse，修饰名词 folk cultures，意为 “多种多样的”。
4. 据信神农最早发现了茶。
______ ______ ______ that Shen Nong first discovered tea.
【答案】It is believed
【详解】固定句型 It is believed that...，意为 “据信……”，是本单元重点句型。
5. 这些珍贵的文物应该被妥善保护。
These ______ cultural relics should ______ ______ well.
【答案】precious; be protected
【详解】第一空填形容词 precious（珍贵的）修饰名词；第二空是情态动词的被动语态 should be protected。
6. 天安门广场被视为中国的象征之一。
Tian'anmen Square ______ ______ ______ one of the symbols of China.
【答案】is regarded as
【详解】单元核心短语 be regarded as，意为 “被视为”，主语为单数用 is。
7. 茶叶在 19 世纪被传播到西方国家。
Tea ______ ______ to Western countries in the 19th century.
【答案】was spread
【详解】一般过去时被动语态，in the 19th century 表过去，“被传播” 用 was spread。
8. 不同地区的风俗各不相同。
Customs ______ from region to region.
【答案】differ
【详解】单元动词 differ，主语为复数，谓语用原形，differ from... 表示 “与…… 不同”。
9. 毕业典礼将于下周五在学校礼堂举行。
The graduation ceremony ______ ______ ______ in the school hall next Friday.
【答案】will be held
【详解】一般将来时被动语态，“毕业典礼被举行”，hold 的过去分词是 held。
10. 桑叶是蚕的主要食物。
Mulberry ______ are the main food for silkworms.
【答案】leaves
【详解】名词复数。leaf 的复数是 leaves，对应后面的 are。
四、完型填空
The Terracotta Army is a very famous cultural artefact.It is in Xi'an,Shaanxi Province.Back in 1974,some farmers were digging a well.All of a sudden,they___1__the Terracotta Army.It was one of the biggest and most important finds.These clay soldiers were made for the__2___of Emperor Qinshihuang after his death.
There are thousands of clay soldiers,horses,and chariots(战车).They are as big as real people and animals.Each soldier has a different__3___.Some look serious.Others seem a bit__4___,with smiles on their faces.And their clothes are detailed,showing different ranks(军衔).
The Terracotta Army is huge, __5__making all of them was really hard.Ancient people had to___6__years on this project.First,they___7__shaped the clay into the forms of soldiers,horses,and chariots.Then,they were___8__to add details like faces and
clothes.It__9___lots of work and time.
The Terracotta Army helps us learn a lot about China's___10__.It shows the___11__and wealth of the Qin Dynasty.Every year,millions of___12__from all over the world come to see the Terracotta Army.They are all really__13___at it.It makes us___14__of our long history and the amazing work of our ancestors.Let's work hard to___15__it so that future generations can enjoy it too.
1．A．collected B．discovered C．invented D．built
2．A．happiness B．success C．education D．safety
3．A．face B．height C．voice D．hair
4．A．nervous B．surprised C．angry D．relaxed
5．A．either B．so C．but D．or
6．A．spend B．cost C．take D．pay
7．A．carefully B．really C．politely D．differently
8．A．busy B．patient C．glad D．strict
9．A．promised B．reminded C．required D．warned
10．A．culture B．history C．art D．custom
11．A．courage B．pressure C．power D．hope
12．A．tourists B．workers C．farmers D．students
13．A．amazed B．bored C．scared D．silent
14．A．bored B．afraid C．curious D．proud
15．A．protect B．visit C．study D．copy
【答案】
1．B 2．D 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．B 11．C 12．A 13．A 14．D 15．A
【详解】1.B[解析]此处指一些农民在挖井时突然发现了兵马俑.
2.D[解析]safety符合历史背景和句子逻辑.
3.A[解析]根据后文"Some look serious...with smiles on their faces"可知,此处指每个士兵都有不同的面部表情.
4.D[解析]relaxed与serious形成对比,符合语境.
5.B[解析]so表示因果关系,连接前后文.
6.A[解析]句子主语是人,且表示花费时间,spend符合搭配要求.
7.A[解析]carefully符合工作时需要的细致态度.
8.B[解析]此处指他们需要耐心地添加面部和衣物等细节.
9.C[解析]require表示"需要",符合句子表达的客观事实.
10.B[解析]history与后文"Qin Dynasty"相呼应.
11.C[解析]power符合描述国家实力的语境.
12.A[解析]此处指数百万来自世界各地的游客前来参观兵马俑.
13.A[解析]amazed符合游客对文化奇迹的普遍感受.
14.D[解析]句子含义为"它让我们为自己悠久的历史和祖先的惊人作品感到自豪".proud of为固定搭配.
15.A[解析]句意:让我们努力保护它,这样后代也能欣赏它.
五、阅读下面短文，在方框中选择合适的单词并用其正确形式填空。
tea，silk，rice，culture，trade，spread，produce，professor，research，knowledge
China is famous for many things. 1 was first drunk in China thousands of years ago. 2 was made in China and sent to other countries along the Silk Road. 3 is the main food in the south of China. Chinese 4 is rich and has a long history. Long ago, 5 between China and other countries brought new ideas to both sides. Chinese tea 6 to many parts of the world. Farmers 7 a lot of food every year. A university 8 and his students do a lot of 9 on farming. Their 10 helps farmers live a better life.
【答案】
1．Tea 2．Silk 3．Rice 4．culture 5．trade 6．was spread 7．produce 8．professor 9．research 10．knowledge
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国著名的物产（茶、丝绸、大米）、丰富的文化历史贸易，以及现代大学教授和学生在农业方面的研究与贡献。
【详解】1．句意：几千年前，茶首先在中国被饮用。设空处作主语，根据后文“was first drunk”（被饮用）可知此处指“茶”，应用tea，不可数名词，句首首字母需大写。
2．句意：丝绸在中国制造，并沿丝绸之路送往其他国家。设空处作主语，根据后文“along the Silk Road”（沿丝绸之路）可知此处指“丝绸”，应用silk，句首首字母需大写。
3．句意：大米是中国南方的主要食物。设空处作主语，根据后文“main food in the south of China”（中国南方的主要食物）可知此处指“大米”，选单词rice，句首首字母需大写。
4．句意：中国文化丰富且历史悠久。设空处作主语，被Chinese修饰，根据后文“rich and has a long history”可知此处指”文化”丰富，应用culture，为不可数名词。
5．句意：很久以前，中国与其他国家之间的贸易给双方带来了新思想。设空处作主语，根据后文“between China and other countries brought new ideas to both sides”可知此处指中国与其他国家之间的“贸易”，应用trade，为不可数名词。
6．句意：中国茶被传播到世界许多地方。设空处作谓语，指茶叶被传播到世界各地，主语Chinese tea与动词spread（传播）之间是被动关系，且描述过去的事实，应用一般过去时的被动语态（was/were done），主语为不可数名词，用was。
7．句意：农民们每年生产大量的食物。设空处作谓语，根据时间状语“every year”可知应用一般现在时，主语Farmers是复数，谓语动词用原形，“Farmers…a lot of food”提示此处指“生产”食物，应用produce。
8．句意：一位大学教授和他的学生做了许多关于农业的研究。设空处作主语，根据前文“A university”及后文“his students”可知此处指“教授”，用单数名词professor。
9．句意：一位大学教授和他的学生做了许多关于农业的研究。设空处作宾语，固定短语do research on 表示”做关于……的研究”，应用research。
10．句意：他们的知识帮助农民过上更好的生活。设空处作主语应用名词，根据前文的研究背景及后文“helps farmers live a better life”可知此处指“知识”，应用knowledge，为不可数名词。
六、阅读理解
Li Hua used to think Beijing Opera was boring. Like many teenagers, he preferred pop music and often changed the TV channel when Beijing Opera was on. He thought it was only for old people.
Everything changed when his school organized a Beijing Opera club. Every Friday afternoon, a professional actor came to teach the students. They learned about the four main roles: Sheng, Dan, Jing and Chou. They also practiced basic movements like walking on stage and waving long sleeves.
“At first, the singing style was strange to me. The rhythm was hard to follow,” Li Hua said. “But after a few weeks, I began to understand the stories behind the operas. Some are about historical heroes, and some are about beautiful poems.”
Now Li Hua and his classmates enjoy Beijing Opera very much. They often discuss the stories during breaks. “I used to think traditional art was old-fashioned, but now I know it is part of our culture. We should protect it,” Li Hua said. “If we don’t learn about it, this art may disappear. It is our duty to pass it on.”
Through the club, Li Hua found the beauty of Beijing Opera. He hopes more teenagers will try it. “Understanding our traditional art makes us proud of our country,” he said with a smile.
1．What was Li Hua’s attitude towards Beijing Opera at first?
A．He loved it very much. B．He thought it was boring.
C．He thought it was modern. D．He thought it was for teenagers.
2．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to?
A．Beijing Opera. B．Pop music. C．The school club. D．The TV channel.
3．What is the main purpose of the text?
A．To introduce the history of Beijing Opera. B．To encourage teenagers to learn about traditional art.
C．To compare Beijing Opera with pop music. D．To explain why Beijing Opera is popular among old people.
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了李华从觉得京剧枯燥，到参加学校京剧社团之后，慢慢爱上京剧，呼吁青少年了解传统艺术的故事。
【详解】1．文章第一段提到“Li Hua used to think Beijing Opera was boring.”，说明一开始李华认为京剧很枯燥，因此选B。
2．第五段提到“He hopes more teenagers will try it.”，结合前文“Through the club, Li Hua found the beauty of Beijing Opera.”，此处it指代上文的Beijing Opera，因此选A。
3．文章借李华的经历，希望更多青少年了解、接触京剧这类传统艺术，守护传统文化，因此选B。
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