Unit 4 课时1 Welcome to the unit（分层作业）英语新教材译林版九年级下册

Unit 4 Exploring space 课时1 Welcome to the unit 分层作业 参考答案 核心知识速记 词汇：exploration；spacecraft；satellite；launch；astronaut；reusable；universe；risk 句型： 1. I wonder if it makes them miss their family back home. 2. Astronauts have to leave their family and risk their lives in space. 3. They must have done a lot of training to grow from a pilot to an astronaut. 4. Would you like to be an astronaut? Why or why not? 一、单词默写 1.exploration 2.spacecraft 3.satellite 4.launch 5.astronaut 6.reusable 7.universe 8.risk 二、词组默写 1.space exploration 2.launch the first satellite 3.go into space 4.the International Space Station 5.risk one's life 6.reusable rocket 7.the far side of the Moon 三、 根据要求完成句子 1.launched; satellite 2.first; astronaut 3.wonder if 4.strong mind 一、语法填空 1.launched 2.astronauts 3.to go 4.training 5.their 二、选词填空 1.universe 2.explore 3.spacecraft 4.reusable 5.risk 一、完形填空 1.B 2.A 3.C 4.D 5.D 6.A 7.B 8.A 9.C 10.D 二、阅读理解 1.B 2.C 3.C 4.B 5.D 三、首字母填空 1.exploring 2.progress 3.forms 4.science 5.medical 6.able 7.risk 8.face 9.astronaut 10.history 一、阅读理解 1.B 2.C 二、阅读理解 1.B 2.B ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Unit 4 Exploring space 课时1 Welcome to the unit 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 ( 词汇 n. 探索；探险 n. 航天器；宇宙飞船 n. 卫星 v. 发射 n. 宇航员 adj. 可重复使用的 n. 宇宙 v. 冒…… 的风险 句型 1. _________________________ 我想知道这是否会让他们想念家里的家人。 2. _________________________ 宇航员不得不离开家人，在太空中冒着生命危险。 3. _________________________ 从飞行员成长为宇航员，他们一定接受了大量训练。 4. _________________________ 你想成为一名宇航员吗？为什么想或为什么不想？ ) 一、单词默写 ( 6 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. ________ n. 探索；探险 2. ________ n. 航天器；宇宙飞船 3. ________ n. 卫星 4. ________ v. 发射 5. ________ n. 宇航员 6. ________ adj. 可重复使用的 7. ________ n. 宇宙 8. ________ v. 冒…… 的风险 二、词组默写 1. 太空探索 _______________________ 2. 发射第一颗卫星 _______________________ 3. 进入太空 _______________________ 4. 国际空间站 _______________________ 5. 冒着生命危险 _______________________ 6. 可重复使用的火箭 _______________________ 7. 月球背面 _______________________ 三、根据要求完成句子 1. 1957 年苏联发射了第一颗人造卫星斯普特尼克 1 号。 The Soviet Union ________ the first ________ Sputnik 1 in 1957. 2. 杨利伟是中国第一位进入太空的宇航员。 Yang Liwei is the ________ Chinese ________ to go into space. 3. 我想知道宇航员在太空是否会想念家人。 I ________ ________ astronauts will miss their family when they are in space. 4. 进入太空需要强健的心智与体魄。 People need a ________ ________ and body to go into space. 一、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Space exploration has a long and amazing history. On 4 October 1957, the Soviet Union (1)________ (launch) the first man-made satellite, Sputnik 1. On 20 July 1969, two American (2)________ (astronaut) became the first humans to walk on the Moon. On 15 October 2003, Yang Liwei became the first Chinese astronaut (3)________ (go) into space aboard Shenzhou 5. Before going into space, all astronauts receive plenty of strict (4)________ (train). They have to be both mentally and physically strong, because they need to risk (5)________ (they) lives in the unknown universe. 二、选词填空 从方框中选择合适的单词，并用其适当形式填入短文空白处，每个单词限用一次。 spacecraft universe reusable risk explore The 1. ________ is vast and there are still a lot of unknown areas for humans to 2. ________. With the development of technology, more and more 3. ________ are sent into space every year. Unlike early rockets, many modern rockets are 4. ________, which greatly cuts the cost of space missions. However, space travel is never easy — astronauts always 5. ________ their lives when they step into the deep space. 一、完形填空 Last summer, 14-year-old Li Tao got a special chance to visit the Beijing Aerospace Control Center. As a big fan of space exploration, he had always 1 the day when he could see the real mission control room. When he walked into the hall, his eyes were immediately drawn to the huge screens showing the Tiangong Space Station. He could 2 see the astronauts working inside the module through the camera. A guide told him that the astronauts on the station follow a strict 3 every day: they work for 8 hours, exercise for 2 hours, and rest for the rest of the time. The guide also explained that 4 in space is not easy. Without gravity, astronauts’ muscles and bones slowly get weak. 5 , they have to do special exercise every day to stay healthy. They even have a special oven to heat food, so they can enjoy 6 meals like barbecued chicken just like on Earth. Li Tao was most excited when he saw a rocket launch simulation. The guide said that the new 7 rockets can be used many times, which saves a lot of money. “In the future, more common people will be able to take space trips,” the guide said. When the visit ended, Li Tao still didn’t want to leave. He 8 that he would study harder and become an astronaut one day. “Space exploration is full of 9 , but it is also really meaningful,” he said. “I hope I can make a 10 to China’s space program in the future.” 1. A. depended on B. dreamed of C. cared about D. gave up 2. A. clearly B. hardly C. suddenly D. probably 3. A. rule B. plan C. schedule D. habit 4. A. studying B. travelling C. working D. living 5. A. However B. Besides C. Instead D. Therefore 6. A. delicious B. strange C. simple D. dry 7. A. traditional B. reusable C. huge D. expensive 8. A. promised B. advised C. allowed D. ordered 9. A. fun B. surprises C. challenges D. changes 10. A. decision B. mistake C. living D. contribution 二、阅读理解 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Chang’e 4, China’s lunar probe, made history on 3 January 2019. It became the first spacecraft in the world to land softly on the far side of the Moon. The far side of the Moon is the part that always faces away from Earth, so it had never been closely explored before. Landing on the far side is much more difficult than landing on the near side. Since the Moon itself blocks radio signals between Earth and the far side, scientists first launched a relay satellite called Queqiao in 2018. Queqiao works as a “bridge”: it sends signals from Earth to Chang’e 4, and sends data from Chang’e 4 back to Earth. Chang’e 4 carries a lot of scientific instruments. It has a lander and a rover named Yutu 2. Yutu 2 moves around on the lunar surface, taking photos and studying the soil and rocks. Scientists hope to learn more about the Moon’s history and environment through the data it sends back. One of the most surprising findings is that there is a lot of ice under the soil at the south pole of the Moon. This is very important for future human space exploration. If there is enough water ice, people may be able to use it for drinking and even make rocket fuel from it. This could help humans build a base on the Moon one day. Now, Chang’e 4 is still working on the far side of the Moon. It has already worked far longer than its designed life. It continues to send back valuable information, helping humans know more about our closest neighbor in space. 1. What made Chang’e 4 special according to Paragraph 1? A. It was the first lunar probe of China. B. It landed on the far side of the Moon first. C. It took the first photo of the Moon. D. It found ice under the lunar soil. 2. Why was the Queqiao satellite launched? A. To take photos of the Moon. B. To study the lunar soil. C. To solve the communication problem. D. To carry scientific instruments. 3. What does Yutu 2 do on the Moon? A. It sends signals to Earth directly. B. It builds bases for future missions. C. It studies the lunar surface and soil. D. It produces fuel from water ice. 4. Why is the ice under the Moon’s soil important? A. It shows the Moon was once warm. B. It may support future human space activities. C. It proves there was life on the Moon. D. It tells us how old the Moon is. 5. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Chang’e 4 has stopped working now. B. The far side of the Moon faces Earth all the time. C. Yutu 2 is the name of the relay satellite. D. Chang’e 4 works longer than its planned life. 三、首字母填空 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。 The universe is a mysterious and vast place. For thousands of years, humans have never stopped e 1 the space around us. From the first satellite to the space station, we have made great p 2 in space exploration. Why do we spend so much time and money exploring space? First of all, space exploration helps us learn more about our home planet — Earth. By studying other planets, we can better understand how our own planet f 3 and how to protect it. Second, space exploration pushes the development of s 4 and technology. Many new inventions that we use in daily life come from space programs. For example, GPS, memory foam mattresses and even some m 5 tools were first invented for space missions. Third, space exploration can bring us new resources. The Earth’s resources are limited, but there are plenty of resources on other planets and asteroids. In the future, we may be a 6 to get resources from space to support our development. Of course, exploring space is not easy. Astronauts have to r 7 their lives, and scientists have to solve thousands of problems. But the challenges never stop us. We will keep moving forward to unlock the secrets of the universe. For young students, learning about space can open up a whole new world. It can help you develop a scientific mind and make you braver to f 8 unknown things. Who knows? Maybe you will become an a 9 in the future and make your own contribution to the h 10 of human space exploration. 一、阅读理解 （2025・江苏南通中考） 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Hundreds of years ago, ideas like flying to another city through the air sounded like dreams. Yet now scientific study has made them real. Could other fairy tales come true someday? Sleeping Beauty Could anyone sleep for 100 years? Probably not. The daily cycle of sleep and waking is set in your body. But animals like bears can hibernate (冬眠) through the winter until it warms. If scientists can work out how animals hibernate, maybe one day people could hibernate too. It would be great for astronauts to sleep through the long space journey. But hibernating animals still grow older, so people would still age during the trip. 1. If people could hibernate, ______. A. they would stop growing completely B. they could sleep through space travel C. they would need more food and water D. they could communicate with animals 2. What can we learn from the text? A. Humans can already hibernate like bears. B. Hibernation stops animals from growing old. C. Human sleep cycle is different from animals’. D. Space travel is too long for astronauts now. 二、阅读理解 （2026・江苏镇江中考） 阅读下列内容，从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 For the first time, the astronauts from the Shenzhou-20 and Shenzhou-21 used a new oven to cook and enjoy a space barbecue like chicken wings and black pepper steak. This added a new flavour to life in the Tiangong Space Station, marking a milestone in comfort and creation at the station. The new oven is different from common ones on Earth. It works in a zero-gravity environment, so it has special designs to keep food fixed and avoid oil drops flying around. It can heat food quickly and evenly, and it is also safe and easy for astronauts to use. Before this, astronauts in space could only eat pre-packaged food that was heated with simple heaters. The new oven allows them to cook fresh meals, which not only makes space life more comfortable, but also helps astronauts keep a better mood during long-term missions. 1. What is the main idea of the passage? A. How astronauts work in the space station. B. A new oven for cooking in space. C. The food astronauts eat in space. D. The history of space kitchen tools. 2. What is special about the new space oven? A. It can cook all kinds of Chinese food. B. It is designed for zero-gravity environment. C. It uses less energy than common ovens. D. It can make food more nutritious. $Unit 4 Exploring space 课时1 Welcome to the unit 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 ( 词汇 exploration n. 探索；探险 spacecraft n. 航天器；宇宙飞船 satellite n. 卫星 launch v. 发射 astronaut n. 宇航员 reusable adj. 可重复使用的 universe n. 宇宙 risk v. 冒…… 的风险 句型 1. I wonder if it makes them miss their family back home. 我想知道这是否会让他们想念家里的家人。 2. A stronauts have to leave their family and risk their lives in space. 宇航员不得不离开家人，在太空中冒着生命危险。 3. They must have done a lot of training to grow from a pilot to an astronaut. 从飞行员成长为宇航员，他们一定接受了大量训练。 4. Would you like to be an astronaut? Why or why not? 你想成为一名宇航员吗？为什么想或为什么不想？ ) 一、单词默写 ( 6 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. ________ n. 探索；探险 2. ________ n. 航天器；宇宙飞船 3. ________ n. 卫星 4. ________ v. 发射 5. ________ n. 宇航员 6. ________ adj. 可重复使用的 7. ________ n. 宇宙 8. ________ v. 冒…… 的风险 【答案】1. exploration 2. spacecraft 3. satellite 4. launch 5. astronaut 6. reusable 7. universe 8. risk 二、词组默写 1. 太空探索 _______________________ 2. 发射第一颗卫星 _______________________ 3. 进入太空 _______________________ 4. 国际空间站 _______________________ 5. 冒着生命危险 _______________________ 6. 可重复使用的火箭 _______________________ 7. 月球背面 _______________________ 【答案】 1. space exploration 2. launch the first satellite 3. go into space 4. the International Space Station 5. risk one's life 6. reusable rocket 7. the far side of the Moon 三、根据要求完成句子 1. 1957 年苏联发射了第一颗人造卫星斯普特尼克 1 号。 The Soviet Union ________ the first ________ Sputnik 1 in 1957. 【答案】launched; satellite 【解析】launch 意为 “发射”，根据时间状语 in 1957 可知用一般过去时，launch 的过去式为 launched；satellite 意为 “卫星”，空前有 the first，填单数形式。 2. 杨利伟是中国第一位进入太空的宇航员。 Yang Liwei is the ________ Chinese ________ to go into space. 【答案】first; astronaut 【解析】first 意为 “第一位的”，作定语修饰 astronaut；astronaut 意为 “宇航员”，主语为单数，填单数名词。 3. 我想知道宇航员在太空是否会想念家人。 I ________ ________ astronauts will miss their family when they are in space. 【答案】wonder if /wonder whether 【解析】wonder 意为 “想知道”，后接 if/whether 引导的宾语从句，表示 “是否”，符合句意。 4. 进入太空需要强健的心智与体魄。 People need a ________ ________ and body to go into space. 【答案】strong mind 【解析】strong 意为 “强健的、坚强的”，修饰名词 mind；a strong mind and body 是固定表达，意为 “强健的心智与体魄”。 一、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Space exploration has a long and amazing history. On 4 October 1957, the Soviet Union (1)________ (launch) the first man-made satellite, Sputnik 1. On 20 July 1969, two American (2)________ (astronaut) became the first humans to walk on the Moon. On 15 October 2003, Yang Liwei became the first Chinese astronaut (3)________ (go) into space aboard Shenzhou 5. Before going into space, all astronauts receive plenty of strict (4)________ (train). They have to be both mentally and physically strong, because they need to risk (5)________ (they) lives in the unknown universe. 【答案】1. launched 2. astronauts 3. to go 4. training 5. their 【解析】本文围绕太空探索的发展历程展开，介绍了人类航天史上的标志性事件以及宇航员所需具备的素质。 1. 句意：1957 年 10 月 4 日，苏联发射了第一颗人造卫星 “斯普特尼克 1 号”。 根据时间状语 On 4 October 1957 可知用一般过去时，launch 的过去式为 launched。 2. 句意：1969 年 7 月 20 日，两名美国宇航员成为首批在月球上行走的人类。 数词 two 后接可数名词复数，astronaut 的复数形式为 astronauts。 3. 句意：2003 年 10 月 15 日，杨利伟乘坐神舟五号成为首位进入太空的中国宇航员。 名词前有序数词 the first 修饰时，后接不定式作后置定语，填 to go。 4. 句意：进入太空前，所有宇航员都会接受大量严格的训练。 形容词 strict 后接名词，train 的名词形式为 training，意为 “训练”，为不可数名词。 5. 句意：他们必须在身心上都足够强大，因为他们需要在未知的宇宙中冒着生命危险。 修饰名词 lives 用形容词性物主代词，they 的形容词性物主代词为 their。 二、选词填空 从方框中选择合适的单词，并用其适当形式填入短文空白处，每个单词限用一次。 spacecraft universe reusable risk explore The 1. ________ is vast and there are still a lot of unknown areas for humans to 2. ________. With the development of technology, more and more 3. ________ are sent into space every year. Unlike early rockets, many modern rockets are 4. ________, which greatly cuts the cost of space missions. However, space travel is never easy — astronauts always 5. ________ their lives when they step into the deep space. 【答案】1. universe 2. explore 3. spacecraft 4. reusable 5. risk 【解析】本文介绍了宇宙探索的现状与航天技术的发展，点明了太空旅行的风险与价值。 1. 句意：宇宙浩瀚无垠，仍有许多未知领域等待人类去探索。 定冠词 the 后接名词，结合 vast 的描述，universe 意为 “宇宙”，契合语境。 2. 句意：宇宙浩瀚无垠，仍有许多未知领域等待人类去探索。 不定式符号 to 后接动词原形，explore 意为 “探索”，对应未知领域的语境。 3. 句意：随着科技的发展，每年有越来越多的航天器被送入太空。 more and more 后接可数名词复数，spacecraft 单复数同形，意为 “航天器”。 4. 句意：与早期火箭不同，许多现代火箭是可重复使用的，这大大降低了太空任务的成本。 reusable 意为 “可重复使用的”，作表语，对应后文 “可多次使用、降低成本” 的描述。 5. 句意：然而太空旅行绝非易事 —— 宇航员踏入深空时总是冒着生命危险。 risk one's life 是固定短语，意为 “冒着生命危险”，主语为复数，谓语用动词原形 risk。 一、完形填空 Last summer, 14-year-old Li Tao got a special chance to visit the Beijing Aerospace Control Center. As a big fan of space exploration, he had always 1 the day when he could see the real mission control room. When he walked into the hall, his eyes were immediately drawn to the huge screens showing the Tiangong Space Station. He could 2 see the astronauts working inside the module through the camera. A guide told him that the astronauts on the station follow a strict 3 every day: they work for 8 hours, exercise for 2 hours, and rest for the rest of the time. The guide also explained that 4 in space is not easy. Without gravity, astronauts’ muscles and bones slowly get weak. 5 , they have to do special exercise every day to stay healthy. They even have a special oven to heat food, so they can enjoy 6 meals like barbecued chicken just like on Earth. Li Tao was most excited when he saw a rocket launch simulation. The guide said that the new 7 rockets can be used many times, which saves a lot of money. “In the future, more common people will be able to take space trips,” the guide said. When the visit ended, Li Tao still didn’t want to leave. He 8 that he would study harder and become an astronaut one day. “Space exploration is full of 9 , but it is also really meaningful,” he said. “I hope I can make a 10 to China’s space program in the future.” 1. A. depended on B. dreamed of C. cared about D. gave up 2. A. clearly B. hardly C. suddenly D. probably 3. A. rule B. plan C. schedule D. habit 4. A. studying B. travelling C. working D. living 5. A. However B. Besides C. Instead D. Therefore 6. A. delicious B. strange C. simple D. dry 7. A. traditional B. reusable C. huge D. expensive 8. A. promised B. advised C. allowed D. ordered 9. A. fun B. surprises C. challenges D. changes 10. A. decision B. mistake C. living D. contribution 【答案】1.B 2.A 3.C 4.D 5.D 6.A 7.B 8.A 9.C 10.D 【解析】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了李涛参观北京航天飞行控制中心的经历，介绍了空间站的生活、可重复使用火箭等内容，展现了航天探索对青少年的激励作用。 1. 句意：作为一名太空探索的狂热爱好者，他一直梦想着能看到真正的任务控制室。 dream of 意为 “梦想”，契合粉丝对航天的向往，故选 B。 2. 句意：他可以通过摄像头清楚地看到宇航员在舱内工作的画面。 clearly 意为 “清楚地”，对应大屏幕的展示效果，故选 A。 3. 句意：讲解员告诉他，空间站的宇航员每天都遵循严格的日程安排：工作 8 小时，锻炼 2 小时，其余时间休息。 schedule 意为 “日程、时间表”，后文的时间分配是具体的日程，故选 C。 4. 句意：讲解员还解释说，在太空生活并不容易。 后文讲的是失重对身体的影响、饮食等生活相关内容，living 意为 “生活”，契合语境，故选 D。 5. 句意：失重环境下，宇航员的肌肉和骨骼会逐渐变弱，因此他们每天必须做专项锻炼来保持健康。 前后句是因果关系，therefore 意为 “因此”，引出结果，故选 D。 6. 句意：他们甚至有专门的烤箱加热食物，所以可以像在地球上一样享用烤鸡这类美味的餐食。 delicious 意为 “美味的”，对应 barbecued chicken 这类食物的特点，故选 A。 7. 句意：讲解员说，新型可重复使用火箭可以多次使用，能节省大量成本。 reusable 意为 “可重复使用的”，对应后文 “可多次使用、省钱” 的描述，也是本单元核心词汇，故选 B。 8. 句意：他承诺自己会更加努力学习，将来成为一名宇航员。 promise 意为 “承诺、下决心”，契合参观后立志的语境，故选 A。 9. 句意：太空探索充满挑战，但也非常有意义。 前文讲了太空生活的诸多困难，challenge 意为 “挑战”，符合语境，故选 C。 10. 句意：我希望将来能为中国的航天事业做出贡献。 make a contribution to 是固定短语，意为 “为…… 做贡献”，故选 D。 二、阅读理解 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Chang’e 4, China’s lunar probe, made history on 3 January 2019. It became the first spacecraft in the world to land softly on the far side of the Moon. The far side of the Moon is the part that always faces away from Earth, so it had never been closely explored before. Landing on the far side is much more difficult than landing on the near side. Since the Moon itself blocks radio signals between Earth and the far side, scientists first launched a relay satellite called Queqiao in 2018. Queqiao works as a “bridge”: it sends signals from Earth to Chang’e 4, and sends data from Chang’e 4 back to Earth. Chang’e 4 carries a lot of scientific instruments. It has a lander and a rover named Yutu 2. Yutu 2 moves around on the lunar surface, taking photos and studying the soil and rocks. Scientists hope to learn more about the Moon’s history and environment through the data it sends back. One of the most surprising findings is that there is a lot of ice under the soil at the south pole of the Moon. This is very important for future human space exploration. If there is enough water ice, people may be able to use it for drinking and even make rocket fuel from it. This could help humans build a base on the Moon one day. Now, Chang’e 4 is still working on the far side of the Moon. It has already worked far longer than its designed life. It continues to send back valuable information, helping humans know more about our closest neighbor in space. 1. What made Chang’e 4 special according to Paragraph 1? A. It was the first lunar probe of China. B. It landed on the far side of the Moon first. C. It took the first photo of the Moon. D. It found ice under the lunar soil. 2. Why was the Queqiao satellite launched? A. To take photos of the Moon. B. To study the lunar soil. C. To solve the communication problem. D. To carry scientific instruments. 3. What does Yutu 2 do on the Moon? A. It sends signals to Earth directly. B. It builds bases for future missions. C. It studies the lunar surface and soil. D. It produces fuel from water ice. 4. Why is the ice under the Moon’s soil important? A. It shows the Moon was once warm. B. It may support future human space activities. C. It proves there was life on the Moon. D. It tells us how old the Moon is. 5. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Chang’e 4 has stopped working now. B. The far side of the Moon faces Earth all the time. C. Yutu 2 is the name of the relay satellite. D. Chang’e 4 works longer than its planned life. 【答案】1.B 2.C 3.C 4.B 5.D 【解析】这是一篇科普说明文，介绍了嫦娥四号探测器实现人类首次月球背面软着陆的壮举，以及鹊桥中继星、玉兔二号月球车的作用和月球南极冰的科研价值。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段 “It became the first spacecraft in the world to land softly on the far side of the Moon.”，可知嫦娥四号的特殊之处在于它是首个在月球背面软着陆的航天器，故选 B。 2. 细节理解题。根据第二段 “Since the Moon itself blocks radio signals between Earth and the far side, scientists first launched a relay satellite called Queqiao”，可知发射鹊桥卫星是为了解决月球背面的通信信号遮挡问题，故选 C。 3. 细节理解题。根据第三段 “Yutu 2 moves around on the lunar surface, taking photos and studying the soil and rocks.”，可知玉兔二号的工作是探测月球表面、研究土壤和岩石，故选 C。 4. 细节理解题。根据第四段 “This is very important for future human space exploration. If there is enough water ice, people may be able to use it for drinking and even make rocket fuel from it.”，可知月球冰层可以支撑未来人类的太空活动，故选 B。 5. 细节判断题。根据最后一段 “It has already worked far longer than its designed life.”，可知嫦娥四号的实际工作时长超过了设计寿命，D 表述正确；A “已停止工作” 与原文 “仍在工作” 不符；B “月球背面朝向地球” 与原文 “背向地球” 不符；C “玉兔二号是中继卫星” 与原文 “鹊桥是中继卫星” 不符，均排除。 三、首字母填空 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。 The universe is a mysterious and vast place. For thousands of years, humans have never stopped e 1 the space around us. From the first satellite to the space station, we have made great p 2 in space exploration. Why do we spend so much time and money exploring space? First of all, space exploration helps us learn more about our home planet — Earth. By studying other planets, we can better understand how our own planet f 3 and how to protect it. Second, space exploration pushes the development of s 4 and technology. Many new inventions that we use in daily life come from space programs. For example, GPS, memory foam mattresses and even some m 5 tools were first invented for space missions. Third, space exploration can bring us new resources. The Earth’s resources are limited, but there are plenty of resources on other planets and asteroids. In the future, we may be a 6 to get resources from space to support our development. Of course, exploring space is not easy. Astronauts have to r 7 their lives, and scientists have to solve thousands of problems. But the challenges never stop us. We will keep moving forward to unlock the secrets of the universe. For young students, learning about space can open up a whole new world. It can help you develop a scientific mind and make you braver to f 8 unknown things. Who knows? Maybe you will become an a 9 in the future and make your own contribution to the h 10 of human space exploration. 【答案】1.exploring 2.progress 3.forms 4.science 5.medical 6.able 7.risk 8.face 9.astronaut 10.history 【解析】这是一篇说明文，从认知地球、推动科技、获取资源三个角度阐述了人类探索太空的原因，并鼓励青少年培养科学精神，投身航天事业。 1. 句意：数千年来，人类从未停止探索我们周围的太空。 stop doing sth 是固定结构，意为 “停止做某事”，结合首字母 e，exploring 意为 “探索”，契合语境。 2. 句意：从第一颗卫星到空间站，我们在太空探索方面取得了巨大进步。 make great progress 是固定短语，意为 “取得巨大进步”，progress 为不可数名词，结合首字母 p，填 progress。 3. 句意：通过研究其他行星，我们可以更好地了解自己星球的运作方式，以及如何保护它。 how 引导宾语从句，从句主语 our own planet 是单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数，结合首字母 f，forms 意为 “形成、运作”，符合语义。 4. 句意：其次，太空探索推动了科学技术的发展。 science and technology 是固定表达，意为 “科学技术”，结合首字母 s，填 science。 5. 句意：例如，全球定位系统、记忆棉床垫，甚至一些医疗工具最初都是为航天任务发明的。 修饰名词 tools 用形容词，结合首字母 m，medical 意为 “医疗的”，符合举例的范畴。 6. 句意：未来，我们或许能够从太空获取资源来支撑我们的发展。 be able to 是固定短语，意为 “能够”，结合首字母 a，填 able。 7. 句意：宇航员不得不冒着生命危险，科学家们也必须解决无数难题。 have to 后接动词原形，risk one's life 是固定搭配，意为 “冒生命危险”，结合首字母 r，填 risk。 8. 句意：它能帮助你培养科学思维，让你更勇敢地面对未知事物。 不定式符号 to 后接动词原形，结合首字母 f，face 意为 “面对”，契合语境。 9. 句意：谁知道呢？也许你将来会成为一名宇航员，为人类太空探索史做出自己的贡献。 结合首字母 a，astronaut 意为 “宇航员”，符合职业畅想的语境。 10. 句意：也许你将来会成为一名宇航员，为人类太空探索史做出自己的贡献。 定冠词 the 后接名词，结合首字母 h，history 意为 “历史”，the history of... 表示 “…… 的历史”。 一、阅读理解 （2025・江苏南通中考） 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Hundreds of years ago, ideas like flying to another city through the air sounded like dreams. Yet now scientific study has made them real. Could other fairy tales come true someday? Sleeping Beauty Could anyone sleep for 100 years? Probably not. The daily cycle of sleep and waking is set in your body. But animals like bears can hibernate (冬眠) through the winter until it warms. If scientists can work out how animals hibernate, maybe one day people could hibernate too. It would be great for astronauts to sleep through the long space journey. But hibernating animals still grow older, so people would still age during the trip. 1. If people could hibernate, ______. A. they would stop growing completely B. they could sleep through space travel C. they would need more food and water D. they could communicate with animals 2. What can we learn from the text? A. Humans can already hibernate like bears. B. Hibernation stops animals from growing old. C. Human sleep cycle is different from animals’. D. Space travel is too long for astronauts now. 【答案】1.B 2.C 【解析】这是一篇科普短文，介绍了动物冬眠的原理以及人类冬眠技术在太空旅行中的应用前景。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段 “It would be great for astronauts to sleep through the long space journey.”，可知如果人类可以冬眠，就能在漫长的太空旅行中沉睡度过，故选 B。 2. 推理判断题。根据第二段 “The daily cycle of sleep and waking is set in your body. But animals like bears can hibernate through the winter”，可知人类的睡眠觉醒周期和动物的冬眠机制不同，C 表述正确；A “人类已经能像熊一样冬眠” 与原文 “尚未实现” 不符；B “冬眠阻止动物衰老” 与原文 “冬眠动物仍会变老” 不符；D “太空旅行对宇航员来说太长了” 原文未提及，均排除。 二、阅读理解 （2026・江苏镇江中考） 阅读下列内容，从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 For the first time, the astronauts from the Shenzhou-20 and Shenzhou-21 used a new oven to cook and enjoy a space barbecue like chicken wings and black pepper steak. This added a new flavour to life in the Tiangong Space Station, marking a milestone in comfort and creation at the station. The new oven is different from common ones on Earth. It works in a zero-gravity environment, so it has special designs to keep food fixed and avoid oil drops flying around. It can heat food quickly and evenly, and it is also safe and easy for astronauts to use. Before this, astronauts in space could only eat pre-packaged food that was heated with simple heaters. The new oven allows them to cook fresh meals, which not only makes space life more comfortable, but also helps astronauts keep a better mood during long-term missions. 1. What is the main idea of the passage? A. How astronauts work in the space station. B. A new oven for cooking in space. C. The food astronauts eat in space. D. The history of space kitchen tools. 2. What is special about the new space oven? A. It can cook all kinds of Chinese food. B. It is designed for zero-gravity environment. C. It uses less energy than common ovens. D. It can make food more nutritious. 【答案】1.B 2.B 【解析】这是一篇新闻类说明文，介绍了神舟二十、二十一号乘组使用的新型太空烤箱，说明了其设计特点和对空间站生活的意义。 1. 主旨大意题。全文围绕太空新型烤箱展开，介绍了它的设计、功能和意义，核心是一款用于太空烹饪的新型烤箱，故选 B。 2. 细节理解题。根据第二段 “It works in a zero-gravity environment, so it has special designs to keep food fixed and avoid oil drops flying around.”，可知这款烤箱的特殊之处在于专为零重力环境设计，故选 B。 $