期中复习专项指导与训练（阅读理解）2026-2027学年译林版英语七年级上册

期中复习专项指导与训练（阅读理解）2026-2027学年译林版七年级英语

学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解期中复习专项指导

㈠新中考英语阅读理解常见题型归纳

1. 词句猜测题：考查代词指代（it/they/this）、生词、短语或句意含义；需要定位上下文，找同义、反义、解释句。

2. 细节理解题：占比最高，包含信息查找、正误判断、事件排序、细节筛选、数字信息、图文对应等，在原文定位原句即可判断。

3. 推理判断题：不能直接选原文原句，要根据原文信息合理推断作者态度、隐含意思，注意避免过度猜想。

4. 主旨大意 / 标题归纳题：概括全文，抓主题句（常在首段、尾段），标题要简洁、覆盖全文核心，不能只讲局部细节。

5. 篇章结构题：判断文章结构、段落作用、写作方式、写作目的等。

6. 观点态度题：判断作者或者文中人物的态度（supportive, surprised, worried 等）。

㈡阅读理解通用解题技巧

1. 先题后文，圈画关键词：先看题干，划出人名、数字、专有名词、疑问词（what/why/which），带着问题回原文定位。

2. 定位原文，锁定答题区间：根据关键词找到对应段落句子，答案一般就在定位句或者前后一句。

3. 忠于原文，拒绝主观脑补：所有答案依据必须来自短文，不要用自己的常识代替文章信息。

4. 区分原句和推断：细节题优先匹配原文；推断题原文直接出现的句子一般不是正确答案。

5. 标题题三原则：覆盖主旨、不偏、不夸大：排除只讲某一段细节、范围太大或者太小的选项。

6. 核对选项：注意偷换概念、张冠李戴、扩大范围、因果颠倒等常见陷阱。

㈢阅读理解特殊解题技巧

1. 代词指代解题法：代词 it/this/that/they 一般向前找，优先找最近的单数 / 复数名词或者整件事情。

2. 事件排序题：先在原文标记每个序号事件，再对照选项首尾，快速排除。

3. 同义替换法：中考正确选项大多不是原文原词，而是同义改写（contagious yawning 替换 “one yawns, others do too”）。

4. 主题句定位法：说明文首段引出话题，尾段总结观点；标题优先匹配首尾段核心话题。

5. 排除法：

   - 细节题：和原文句子意思相反、无中生有的直接划掉；

   - 标题题：以局部细节当主旨的选项排除。

6. 生词缓冲法：遇到生词不卡壳，利用同位语、冒号、破折号、举例猜出词义。

【典型例题】

When one yawns (打哈欠), others often do too. This is common (常见的) among people. A new study shows it can also happen between robots and animals.

In the study, monkeys yawn when a robot (机器人) does. Researchers (研究者) design a modern robot. Its head looks and moves like a person. It shows 14 monkeys’ three expressions (表情): closed mouth, open mouth, and yawn. After the robot “yawns”, more than half of the monkeys yawn, too. They also get ready to sleep and lie down. The researchers also noticed that younger monkeys like to copy (模仿) the robot’s yawn more than older ones.

This study shows that contagious (传染性的) yawning can happen very easily. Researchers think it’s about how brains see movement. Just seeing the action of yawning can make people and animals yawn. They hope this finding will help understand how social behaviors (社交行为) happen in both humans (人类) and animals.

1. What does the underlined “it” refer to in Paragraph 1?

A. Fast sleeping. B. Modern designing. C. Group learning. D. Contagious yawning.

2. Why did the researchers use the robot head in the study?

A. Because it looks just like a monkey. B. Because it can go to sleep very quickly.

C. Because it needs to learn how to yawn. D. Because it can “yawn” like a real person.

3. What’s the correct order of the study?

①Monkeys yawn, too.

②Researchers notice younger monkeys like to copy more.

③The robot shows expressions.

④Design a modern robot.

A. ①②③④ B. ②①③④ C. ④③①② D. ④③②①

4. Which group of monkeys would like to copy the robot’s yawn more?

A. Older monkeys. B. Younger monkeys.

C. Monkeys that just wake up. D. Monkeys that hate moving.

5. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A. How Robots Learn to Yawn like Humans. B. Contagious Yawning: Not Just for People.

C. Why Young Monkeys Yawn More Often. D. A Study on How Brains Control Sleep.

 

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇科普说明文，介绍一项新研究：传染性打哈欠不只是人类才有，机器人打哈欠，猴子也会跟着打哈欠，研究者希望借此了解人和动物的社交行为。

1. D ［解析］词句猜测题。根据第一段 “When one yawns, others often do too. This is common among people. A new study shows it can also happen between robots and animals.” 可知，it 指代前面 “一个人打哈欠，其他人跟着打哈欠” 这种传染性打哈欠现象。故选 D。

2. D ［解析］细节理解题。根据第二段 “Researchers design a modern robot. Its head looks and moves like a person. It shows 14 monkeys’ three expressions: closed mouth, open mouth, and yawn.” 可知，研究者使用机器人头部，是因为它可以像真人一样做出 “打哈欠” 的动作。故选 D。

3. C ［解析］细节理解题（事件排序）。根据第二段顺序：④设计现代机器人 → ③机器人展示表情 → ①猴子也跟着打哈欠 → ②研究者注意到年幼猴子更喜欢模仿。顺序为④③①②。故选 C。

4. B ［解析］细节理解题。根据第二段 “The researchers also noticed that younger monkeys like to copy the robot’s yawn more than older ones.” 可知，年幼的猴子更喜欢模仿机器人打哈欠。故选 B。

5. B ［解析］标题归纳题。文章开篇点明传染性打哈欠在人类之间很常见，新研究发现机器人和猴子之间也会发生，核心是传染性打哈欠不只是人类独有。A 只讲机器人学习打哈欠；C 只讲小猴子；D 重点跑偏。B 最贴合全文主旨。故选 B。

 

二、阅读理解期中复习专项训练

The summer holiday is fun and free. Sure, we have much homework, but I think, “Forty students? How can the teacher check (检查) every paper?” So, I write the answers quickly— “A, B, C, D, A, B, C, D,…”, and don’t take it out again.

The morning of the first day of school goes peacefully. Our form teacher gives a long speech. Everything is OK before 1 p.m.. Our English teacher, Miss Grace, walks in, sits down, and starts checking our homework.