精品解析：广东深圳市光明区（光高&科育&长育&二中）2026—2027 学年第一学期阶段学科素养诊断 八年级英语(Unit1— Unit4)

2026—2027 学年第一学期学科素养期中诊断 八年级英语(Unit1— Unit4) 本试卷共8页，满分75分，考试时间70分钟。 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必用黑色字迹的签字笔在答题卡指定位置填写自己的学校、姓名、班级、准考证号，并将条形码正向粘贴在答题卡的贴条形码区，请保持条形码整洁、不污损。 2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上，如需改动请先用橡皮擦干净，再选涂其他答案标号。 3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。 4.请考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，不要折叠，不要弄破，考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第一部分 选择题(共 50 分) 1.完形填空(10 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。 My grandmother’s sewing machine (缝纫机) stood in the corner of her room like a quiet old friend. It was made of black metal with gold flowers on its body, and it had been ____1____ for years. Last summer, I found it when I was looking for a box of old photos. I turned the wheel gently, and it made a strange sound. “Can you fix it?” I asked Grandma. She ____2____ her head. “I’m too old,” she said, “and you’re too young.” But I wasn’t ready to stop. I carried the heavy machine to my room and looked for help online. To my surprise, there were hundreds of videos about machines like hers. I watched them one after another and ____3____ every step in my notebook. For two weeks, my hands were covered with oil. Twice I put the wrong part in, and the machine made an even ____4____ sound. My father said I was wasting my time. I almost ____5____. Then one Sunday morning, the wheel turned ____6____. The needle (针) went up and down—click, click—like a heartbeat. Grandma heard it from the kitchen and came in. She stood there for a long time. Then she sat down and ____7____ sewing a small red bag, just as she had done for my mother forty years before. “When you were born, I made you a bag like this,” she said. I had never known that. The old machine had been asleep for years, but it still kept a ____8____ of our family alive. I held the new bag in both hands. It was small, but it ____9____ a lot to me. That afternoon, I learned a ____10____ that I will never forget: old things are not useless. They are only waiting for someone who cares enough to bring them back to life. 1. A. famous B. silent C. dangerous D. different 2. A. shook B. nodded C. touched D. raised 3. A. picked up B. gave back C. wrote down D. looked after 4. A. softer B. happier C. clearer D. stranger 5. A. gave up B. woke up C. grew up D. got up 6. A. heavily B. smoothly C. suddenly D. carelessly 7. A. started B. stopped C. kept D. finished 8. A. rule B. problem C. memory D. prize 9. A. meant B. cost C. weighed D. saved 10. A. story B. lesson C. skill D. secret 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. A 6. B 7. A 8. C 9. A 10. B 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了作者发现祖母闲置多年的缝纫机，通过网络学习自己动手修理，最终让缝纫机重新运转，并让祖母重拾缝纫回忆的故事，说明了旧物并非无用、只需有人用心让它们重获新生的道理。 【1题详解】 句意：它由黑色金属制成，机身上有金色花纹，已经沉默多年了。 根据下文“The old machine had been asleep for years”可知，缝纫机闲置多年、没有声音，silent“沉默的”符合语境。famous“著名的”；dangerous“危险的”；different“不同的”，均不符合闲置多年的缝纫机状态。 【2题详解】 句意：她摇了摇头。“我太老了，”她说，“而你还太小。” 根据“I’m too old”和“you’re too young”可知，祖母拒绝了修理的请求，shook her head“摇头”为固定搭配，符合语境。nodded“点头”；touched“触摸”；raised“举起”，均不符合拒绝时的动作。 【3题详解】 句意：我一个接一个地看，并把每一步都记在笔记本上。 根据“every step in my notebook”可知，作者把步骤记录下来，wrote down“记下”符合语境。picked up“捡起”；gave back“归还”；looked after“照顾”，均不符合把步骤写在笔记本上的语境。 【4题详解】 句意：有两次我装错了零件，机器发出了更奇怪的声音。 根据“Twice I put the wrong part in”可知，装错零件会让声音更奇怪，stranger“更奇怪的”符合语境。softer“更柔和的”；happier“更快乐的”；clearer“更清晰的”，均不符合装错零件后的异常声音。 【5题详解】 句意：我几乎要放弃了。 根据“My father said I was wasting my time.”可知，作者受到打击，几乎想放弃，gave up“放弃”符合语境。woke up“醒来”；grew up“长大”；got up“起床”，均不符合遇到困难想放弃的语境。 【6题详解】 句意：然后在一个星期天早上，轮子平稳地转动了。 根据“The needle went up and down—click, click—like a heartbeat.”可知，缝纫机修好了，运转顺畅，smoothly“平稳地”符合语境。heavily“沉重地”；suddenly“突然”；carelessly“粗心地”，均不符合修好后顺畅运转的语境。 【7题详解】 句意：然后她坐下来，开始缝一个小红袋子。 根据“just as she had done for my mother forty years before”可知，祖母坐下来开始缝东西，started“开始”符合语境。stopped“停止”；kept“保持”；finished“完成”，均不符合祖母重新开始缝纫的语境。 【8题详解】 句意：这台旧机器已经沉睡多年，但它仍然让我们的家庭记忆鲜活地延续着。 根据“The old machine had been asleep for years”和祖母讲述四十年前为妈妈做包可知，缝纫机承载着家庭记忆，memory“记忆”符合语境。rule“规则”；problem“问题”；prize“奖品”，均不符合缝纫机承载家庭往事的语境。 【9题详解】 句意：它很小，但对我来说意义重大。 mean a lot to sb.“对某人意义重大”为固定搭配，meant符合语境。cost“花费”；weighed“重达”；saved“拯救”，均不能与a lot to构成“意义重大”的固定表达。 【10题详解】 句意：那天下午，我学到了一个永远不会忘记的道理：旧东西并非无用。 根据“old things are not useless. They are only waiting for someone who cares enough to bring them back to life.”可知，作者从修缝纫机这件事中学到了道理，lesson“道理；教训”符合语境。story“故事”；skill“技能”；secret“秘密”，均不符合从经历中领悟道理的语境。 Ⅱ.阅读理解(40 分) 第一节阅读下列短文，从下面每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。(共15小题，每小题1.5分) A Want your lunch to come from the sky? Our drone (无人机) service now covers six areas of Shenzhen. The idea is simple: a drone picks up your food from the restaurant and flies straight to your street. No traffic, no long wait, and your food stays warm all the way. Service hours 10:00–20:00, every day Areas Futian, Luohu, Nanshan, Bao’an, Longhua, Yantian Weight 5kg or less Flight time about 10 minutes Price ¥5 for the first 1 kg, ¥2 for each extra kg New users ¥3 off the first delivery (配送) How to order 1 Open our app and choose a restaurant with the drone sign. 2 Pay online. A code will be sent to your phone. 3 Walk to the nearest landing point (降落点) when you get the message. 4 Type your code into the machine and take your food out within 15 minutes. Please note We carry food only. We do not carry medicine (药品), money or letters. Drones cannot carry drinks in glass bottles or anything over 5kg. We do not fly in heavy rain or strong wind. If the weather stops a flight, your money will be returned within 24 hours. ● If a landing point is full, the drone will wait in the air for five minutes and then fly back. ● Food that is not collected in 15 minutes will be sent back to the restaurant. 11. Chen Hua orders 3 kg of fruit for the first time. How much will she pay for the delivery? A. ¥3. B. ¥6. C. ¥9. D. ¥12. 12. What will the drone do if the landing point is full? A. It will wait in the air for five minutes. B. It will fly to another landing point. C. It will leave the food on the ground. D. It will send you a message to come at once. 13. Which of the following can be sent by drone? A. A glass bottle of juice. B. A 6kg birthday cake. C. A box of medicine. D. A 3kg bag of apples. 14. Which of the following is TRUE? A. The service is open at nine in the morning. B. You can still get your food if you are 20 minutes late. C. You must pay before you get your food. D. Drones can fly in heavy rain. 15. Where can we probably read this text? A. On a restaurant menu. B. On a school noticeboard. C. In a science magazine. D. On an app for ordering food. 【答案】11. B 12. A 13. D 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了深圳无人机送餐服务的覆盖区域、服务时间、价格标准、订购流程及注意事项，旨在告知用户如何使用该服务。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格中“Price”栏“¥5 for the first 1kg, ¥2 for each extra kg”及“New users”栏“¥3 off the first delivery”可推知，3公斤配送费基础价为“5+2+2=9元”，新用户优惠3元，实际支付6元。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Please note”部分“If a landing point is full, the drone will wait in the air for five minutes and then fly back.”可推知，若降落点已满，无人机将在空中等待五分钟。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Please note”部分“We carry food only. We do not carry medicine...”及“Drones cannot carry drinks in glass bottles or anything over 5kg.”可推知，药品、玻璃瓶饮料及超5公斤物品不可配送，3公斤苹果符合食品且未超重要求。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据“How to order”部分“2 Pay online.”及步骤4“take your food out”可推知，用户需要先在线支付获得代码，之后才能取出食物。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据“How to order”部分“1 Open our app and choose a restaurant with the drone sign.”及全文介绍服务使用规则可推知，该文本最可能出现在用于订餐的应用程序界面上。 B Chen Yuxin was the kind of child who asked questions that no one could answer. Why is the sky blue? How do ants find their way home? When she was seven, her mother, tired of saying “I don’t know”, gave her a thick children’s encyclopedia. “If you want to know something,” she said, “look it up.” Yuxin read it like a storybook. She kept a notebook beside her bed and wrote down every new fact she found. By the time she was ten, she had filled four notebooks. “An encyclopedia is not a book of answers,” she says now. “It’s a door. You open one page, and behind it there are ten more questions.” One evening, she noticed something strange. The entry on dinosaurs said they died out “about 65 million years ago”. But a science magazine in her school library said 66 million. She checked three more books, and none of them agreed. So she wrote a letter to the editor (编辑), with the page number and four book names. Two weeks later, a reply arrived. “Thank you,” it said. “You are right. We will correct it in the next printing.” The editor also invited her to visit the office where the book is made. That visit changed her. She saw how editors checked facts, wrote entries and put them in A-B-C order. Last year, Yuxin started working for an online encyclopedia. She reads new pages about animals and space, and marks anything that may be wrong. At school, she started a “Why Club”, where members answer one question a week and put the answer on the wall. “Asking questions is easy,” Yuxin says. “Being careful is the hard part.” 16. What can we learn about Yuxin’s notebooks? A. She kept them under her bed. B. She had filled four of them by the time she was ten. C. She kept letters from editors in them. D. She gave them to her mother. 17. Which of the following best explains “It’s a door” in Paragraph 2? A. The encyclopedia is as heavy as a door. B. A door in her house was made of paper. C. One page can answer ten questions. D. One answer can lead to many new questions. 18. Why did Yuxin write to the editor? A. To ask for a free copy of the book. B. To tell him about her “Why Club”. C. To point out a mistake she had found. D. To become a writer for the encyclopedia. 19. The underlined word “entry” probably means ________. A. a piece of information in a book B. a letter from a reader C. a page of a science magazine D. a question about dinosaurs 20. The best title for the passage is ________. A. A Girl Who Kept Asking Questions B. A Notebook Full of Facts C. How an Encyclopedia Is Made D. The Hard Part of Being Careful 【答案】16. B 17. D 18. C 19. A 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了女孩陈雨欣因爱提问而接触百科全书，发现书中错误并指正，最终参与百科编辑并鼓励他人提问的成长故事。 【16题详解】 细节理解题。第二段指出：“By the time she was ten, she had filled four notebooks”，到她十岁时已经写满了四本笔记本。 【17题详解】 词句猜测题。第二段：“You open one page, and behind it there are ten more questions”，可推知打开一页背后还有十个问题，意味着一个答案能引出许多新问题。 【18题详解】 细节理解题。第三段说明原因：“She checked three more books, and none of them agreed. So she wrote a letter to the editor”，她发现书中信息不一致，写信是为了指出她发现的错误。 【19题详解】 词句猜测题。第三段：“The entry on dinosaurs said they died out…”，结合上下文关于百科全书内容的描述，可推知此处指书中关于恐龙的一条信息或条目。 【20题详解】 最佳标题题。通读全文，文章主要围绕陈雨欣爱提问、探究真相并鼓励提问的经历展开，选项A最能概括全文核心。 C Walk through a forest and you may hear only birds and wind. Under your feet, however, the trees are talking. They cannot move, but they can pass messages, water and even food to one another. The “cables” that carry these things are not made of metal. They are made of fungus (真菌). Thin threads of fungus grow through the soil like a net and join the roots of many trees. A single spoonful of forest soil can hold several kilometers of them. When a tree takes in water, some of it can travel along these threads to a neighbour. Sugar and other things the tree needs move the same way. In the 1990s, a Canadian scientist named Suzanne Simard did a famous experiment. She let some big trees take in a special form of carbon (碳) that scientists can follow. A few days later, the same carbon turned up in the roots of smaller trees of another kind nearby. The two kinds were connected underground. They were sharing food. Why do trees do this? One reason may be family. Simard found that a mother tree sends more food to the young trees grown from her own seeds than to strangers. Another reason is danger. When insects attack one tree, it may send a warning along the network. Trees that receive the warning make something insects dislike, so they are less likely to be eaten. However, not every scientist agrees. Some say the idea is interesting, but the proof is still thin. So it may be safer to say that trees share things than to call them “friendly” or “clever”. What is clear is that a forest is not a group of trees standing alone. It is one large system, and cutting down the biggest trees may break it. 21. The fungus network helps trees by ________. A. keeping the soil warm in winter. B. carrying water, food and messages. C. protecting the roots from insects. D. helping trees grow taller than before. 22. How did Simard find out that the two kinds of trees were connected? A. By watching where birds carried the seeds. B. By measuring how deep the roots had grown. C. By digging up the roots of both trees. D. By following the carbon from one tree to another. 23. Which of the following is closest in meaning to “thin” in the last paragraph? A. Not strong enough. B. Not long enough. C. Difficult to see. D. Easy to find. 24. What can we infer from the passage? A. Insects are unable to hurt trees in a forest. B. Trees can only share food with trees of the same kind. C. Cutting down the biggest trees may harm the whole forest. D. Scientists have proved that trees can think. 25. What does the writer think of calling trees “friendly” or “clever”? A. It is certainly true. B. It is too early to say so. C. It is completely wrong. D. It is not worth studying. 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了树木通过地下的真菌网络相互传递信息、水分和食物，以及相关实验研究和科学家对此现象的不同看法。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“They cannot move, but they can pass messages, water and even food to one another. The ‘cables’ that carry these things are not made of metal. They are made of fungus.”可知，真菌网络帮助树木传递信息、水和食物。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“She let some big trees take in a special form of carbon... that scientists can follow. A few days later, the same carbon turned up in the roots of smaller trees...”可知， Simard通过追踪碳元素从一棵树到另一棵树的过程发现树木是相连的。 【23题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第五段“Some say the idea is interesting, but the proof is still thin. So it may be safer to say...”可知此处指证据还不够充分有力，与“Not strong enough”意思相近。 【24题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第五段“It is one large system, and cutting down the biggest trees may break it.”可知，砍伐最大的树木可能会破坏整个森林系统。 【25题详解】 观点态度题。根据文章第五段“So it may be safer to say that trees share things than to call them ‘friendly’ or ‘clever’.”可知，作者认为目前称树木为“友好”或“聪明”还不够稳妥，为时尚早。 第二节请阅读下面的短文，并从下列方框里的六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。(共5小题，每小题2分) The internet can give you an answer in a second. But a fast answer is not always a true one. ____26____ Here is how to check facts like a detective (侦探). Start with an encyclopedia. A good encyclopedia is written by experts, and its editors check the facts before the book comes out. ____27____ If two articles on the same subject agree, you can feel more confident. Ask who wrote it. Anyone can put information online. ____28____ A page from a museum, a university or a government website is usually safer than an anonymous (匿名的) post. If a page has no name behind it, be careful. Look for the date. Science changes. A page about space written in 2005 may still say Pluto is a planet. ____29____ Old pages are not always wrong, but they are worth a second look. Check the numbers. Numbers are easy to copy and hard to check. A website may say “92% of students agree”, but 92% of how many—nine, or nine thousand? ____30____ Check more than one place. One website is one voice. Find the same fact in two or three places, and write down where you found it. A. Then look up your subject in a second encyclopedia. B. So always check how old the page is. C. A good detective always carries a small notebook. D. That is why you need to check the facts yourself. E. Look at the “About us” page to see who is behind the information. F. Always ask how many people were asked. 【答案】26. D 27. A 28. E 29. B 30. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍网络信息不一定真实，并且给出了五条像侦探一样核查信息真伪的方法。 【26题详解】 空前说网络给出的答案很快，但不一定是真实的，空后引出核查事实的方法。选项D“That is why you need to check the facts yourself.”起到承上启下的作用，解释需要自己核验信息的原因。 【27题详解】 本段小标题是从百科全书入手，空后说明同一主题两篇文章观点一致会更可信。选项A“Then look up your subject in a second encyclopedia.”建议再查阅另一本百科全书，和后文两相对照的逻辑匹配。 【28题详解】 本段小标题是查询作者是谁，空前说任何人都可以在网上发布信息，空后区分了可信网站和匿名帖子。选项E“Look at the ‘About us’ page to see who is behind the information.”告诉读者去查看信息背后的发布者，贴合本段主题。 【29题详解】 本段小标题是查找发布日期，举例说明科学知识会更新，旧页面信息可能过时。选项B“So always check how old the page is.”总结本段，提醒大家留意页面的时间。 【30题详解】 本段小标题是核查数据，空前举例质疑百分比统计的样本总量。选项F“Always ask how many people were asked.”对应上文，提醒要关注调查的受访人数。 第三节信息匹配 下面的材料A——F分别介绍深圳科学馆“冬日探索周”的六个工作坊。请根据五位同学的需求，为他们推荐合适的工作坊。 ____31____ Lin Tao loves old Chinese inventions. He wants to make something with his own hands, just as people did in the Song dynasty. ____32____ Zhou Min is in the school space club. She wonders how scientists learn about stars millions of light years away. ____33____ Chen Hao enjoys maths puzzles. He likes finding numbers and patterns in the plants and fruit around him. ____34____ Wang Yue spends too much time online. She wants to learn how to tell what is true and how to keep her information safe. ____35____ Liu Jia wants to be a science writer. She hopes to learn how a big book of facts is made. A. Sky Watch Meet the team behind a radio telescope (望远镜). They will show you how they listen to stars and how they use huge numbers to describe space. Radio telescopes work day and night, even when the sky is cloudy. B. Safe in the Digital Sea Learn to spot untrue news, protect your personal information and use your phone without losing sleep. Bring your phone and test three apps: you may find that some of them know too much about you. C. Paper and Print Make paper from old newspapers, then print your own page with movable clay type (活字), just as Chinese printers did a thousand years ago. Take the page home and show your family how a page is printed. D. The Encyclopedia Workshop Choose a local plant, animal or old building and write a short piece about it. Experts will help you check every fact, and you will see how the pages of an encyclopedia are put together. E. Build a Helper Build a simple robot that can carry a cup across a table. Work in a group of four and test your robot in front of everyone. No experience is needed. Just bring your patience. F. Number Hunters From the spirals (螺旋) of a pine cone (松果) to the numbers on a bus ticket, hunt for the hidden order around you. Bring a pencil: you will count, draw and compare all afternoon. 【答案】31. C 32. A 33. F 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了深圳科学馆“冬日探索周”的六个工作坊内容，并要求根据五位同学的不同需求为他们推荐合适的工作坊。 【31题详解】 根据“Make paper from old newspapers, then print your own page with movable clay type (活字), just as Chinese printers did a thousand years ago.”可知，该工作坊涉及中国古代发明制作，符合Lin Tao想制作宋代发明物的需求。对应C。 【32题详解】 根据“Meet the team behind a radio telescope(望远镜). They will show you how they listen to stars…”可知，该工作坊与太空星星研究有关，符合Zhou Min想了解科学家如何研究星星的需求。对应A。 【33题详解】 根据“From the spirals (螺旋) of a pine cone(松果) to the numbers on a bus ticket, hunt for the hidden order around you.”可知，该工作坊涉及植物中的数字规律，符合Chen Hao喜欢在植物中寻找数字和模式的需求。对应F。 【34题详解】 根据“Learn to spot untrue news, protect your personal information…”可知，该工作坊涉及网络安全和信息辨别，符合Wang Yue想辨别真伪和保护信息安全的需求。对应B。 【35题详解】 根据“Experts will help you check every fact, and you will see how the pages of an encyclopedia are put together.”可知，该工作坊涉及事实核查与书籍制作，符合Liu Jia想了解事实之书如何制作的需求。对应D。 第二部分 非选择题(25 分) Ⅲ.语法填空(10 分) 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡规定的位置上。 In the mountains of Guizhou, there is a big “eye” that never closes. It is FAST, the Five-hundred-metre Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (500米口径球面射电望远镜). Its dish is 500 metres across. It is the ____36____ (large) single-dish radio telescope in the world. FAST began to listen to the sky in 2016. In 2017, it ____37____ (find) its first pulsar (脉冲星)——a star that sends out radio waves like a clock. Since then, it has worked ____38____ (quiet) day and night and found over 1,170 of them. The dish is made of 4,450 small ____39____ (piece) of metal, and each one can move, so the big “eye” can look at different parts of the sky. Scientists use FAST ____40____ (study) the universe. They also listen for signals from faraway space. The work is hard and the nights are long, but they love their job ____41____ there is always something new to find. FAST is not only for scientists. Every year, thousands ____42____ students visit it. They climb the hill and look down at the dish. For many, it is ____43____ unforgettable day—the day they feel how big the universe is. Building FAST was not easy. Workers lived in the mountains for years. The ____44____ (succeed) of FAST has made China proud and brought new jobs to nearby villages. Today scientists from many countries come to study the universe with ____45____ (it) huge dish. 【答案】36. largest 37. found 38. quietly 39. pieces 40. to study 41. because 42. of 43. an 44. success 45. its 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了世界上最大的单口径射电望远镜——中国FAST，主要讲述了它的规模大小、发现脉冲星等科学成就、其构造特点、科学研究任务以及对中国和世界的影响。 【36题详解】 句意：它是世界上最大的单口径射电望远镜。空格前有定冠词“the”，后面有范围“in the world”，因此需要用形容词的最高级形式。large的最高级是largest。 【37题详解】 句意：2017 年，它发现了第一颗脉冲星。句子中有明确的过去时间状语“In 2017”，谓语动词需要用一般过去时。find的过去式是found。 【38题详解】 句意：从那时起，它日夜安静地工作，发现了超过1,170颗脉冲星。空格处需要一个副词来修饰动词“worked”。quiet的副词形式是quietly。 【39题详解】 句意：这个碟形天线由 4,450 块小金属片组成。前面有“4,450 small”，表示复数概念，piece需要用复数形式pieces。 【40题详解】 句意：科学家使用FAST来研究宇宙。固定用法“use sth. to do sth.”意为“使用某物做某事”，表示目的，填入不定式to study。 【41题详解】 句意：工作很辛苦，夜晚也很漫长，但他们热爱他们的工作，因为总有一些新事物被发现。前后语境是因果关系，后半句解释他们热爱工作的原因，填入连词because。 【42题详解】 句意：每年，成千上万的学生参观它。固定短语“thousands of”意为“成千上万的”，填入介词of。 【43题详解】 句意：对许多人来说，这是难忘的一天。“unforgettable”是以元音音素开头的单词，前面需要用不定冠词an表示“一个”。 【44题详解】 句意：FAST的成功让中国感到骄傲。空格处在句中作主语，且前面有定冠词“The”，后面有“of”，需要用名词形式。succeed的名词是success。 【45题详解】 句意：如今，来自许多国家的科学家来使用它巨大的碟形天线研究宇宙。空格处修饰名词“huge dish”，需要用形容词性物主代词。it的形容词性物主代词是its。 Ⅳ.书面表达(15 分) 46. 假定你是李华。你的英国朋友Sam来信，想了解你们学校科技周 (Science Week) 的情况。请你给他写一封回信，介绍你在科技周期间参加的两项活动、你最喜欢的一项活动及原因，以及你最大的收获。 要求： 1.80词以上，开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数内； 2.文中不得出现真实姓名和校名； 3.可适当增加细节，以使条理清楚、行文连贯； 4.标点正确，书面整洁。 Dear Sam, I’m glad you asked about our Science Week. Let me tell you about it. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 【答案】示例 Dear Sam, I’m glad you asked about our Science Week. Let me tell you about it. During the week, I took part in a science lecture and a paper plane making competition. I listened to an interesting lecture about space, and my classmates and I made paper planes on the playground. Among the activities, I liked the paper plane making competition best. It was so exciting to see whose plane could fly the farthest. My plane flew very far and I won the first prize! My biggest harvest is that I learned a lot of scientific knowledge. I realized that science is not only in books but also in our daily life. It also improved my hands-on skills. Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：应用文，以一般过去时和一般现在时为主 明确要点：两项活动、最喜欢的一项及原因、最大的收获 确定人称：第一人称(I/my) 注意事项：字数80词以上，不得出现真实姓名与校名 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：点明写信目的 主体段：分别介绍参加的两项活动、最喜欢的一项及其原因、最大的收获 结尾段：表达期待回信，并给出结尾落款 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：两项活动 活动选择：science lecture/robot show/experiment competition/paper plane making等 具体内容：listened to an interesting lecture/watched the robot show/took part in the experiment competition等 要点二：最喜欢的活动及原因 活动选择：science lecture/robot show/experiment competition等 喜欢原因：exciting/amazing/interesting/meaningful等 具体说明：I learned a lot of scientific knowledge./I can see many cool robots./It taught me how to use science in daily life.等 要点三：最大的收获 收获内容：improved my hands-on skills./learned a lot about science/improved my practical skills/realized the importance of science/made new friends等 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026—2027 学年第一学期学科素养期中诊断 八年级英语(Unit1— Unit4) 本试卷共8页，满分75分，考试时间70分钟。 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必用黑色字迹的签字笔在答题卡指定位置填写自己的学校、姓名、班级、准考证号，并将条形码正向粘贴在答题卡的贴条形码区，请保持条形码整洁、不污损。 2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上，如需改动请先用橡皮擦干净，再选涂其他答案标号。 3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。 4.请考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，不要折叠，不要弄破，考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第一部分 选择题(共 50 分) 1.完形填空(10 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。 My grandmother’s sewing machine (缝纫机) stood in the corner of her room like a quiet old friend. It was made of black metal with gold flowers on its body, and it had been ____1____ for years. Last summer, I found it when I was looking for a box of old photos. I turned the wheel gently, and it made a strange sound. “Can you fix it?” I asked Grandma. She ____2____ her head. “I’m too old,” she said, “and you’re too young.” But I wasn’t ready to stop. I carried the heavy machine to my room and looked for help online. To my surprise, there were hundreds of videos about machines like hers. I watched them one after another and ____3____ every step in my notebook. For two weeks, my hands were covered with oil. Twice I put the wrong part in, and the machine made an even ____4____ sound. My father said I was wasting my time. I almost ____5____. Then one Sunday morning, the wheel turned ____6____. The needle (针) went up and down—click, click—like a heartbeat. Grandma heard it from the kitchen and came in. She stood there for a long time. Then she sat down and ____7____ sewing a small red bag, just as she had done for my mother forty years before. “When you were born, I made you a bag like this,” she said. I had never known that. The old machine had been asleep for years, but it still kept a ____8____ of our family alive. I held the new bag in both hands. It was small, but it ____9____ a lot to me. That afternoon, I learned a ____10____ that I will never forget: old things are not useless. They are only waiting for someone who cares enough to bring them back to life. 1. A. famous B. silent C. dangerous D. different 2. A. shook B. nodded C. touched D. raised 3. A. picked up B. gave back C. wrote down D. looked after 4. A. softer B. happier C. clearer D. stranger 5. A. gave up B. woke up C. grew up D. got up 6. A. heavily B. smoothly C. suddenly D. carelessly 7. A. started B. stopped C. kept D. finished 8. A. rule B. problem C. memory D. prize 9. A. meant B. cost C. weighed D. saved 10. A. story B. lesson C. skill D. secret Ⅱ.阅读理解(40 分) 第一节阅读下列短文，从下面每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。(共15小题，每小题1.5分) A Want your lunch to come from the sky? Our drone (无人机) service now covers six areas of Shenzhen. The idea is simple: a drone picks up your food from the restaurant and flies straight to your street. No traffic, no long wait, and your food stays warm all the way. Service hours 10:00–20:00, every day Areas Futian, Luohu, Nanshan, Bao’an, Longhua, Yantian Weight 5kg or less Flight time about 10 minutes Price ¥5 for the first 1 kg, ¥2 for each extra kg New users ¥3 off the first delivery (配送) How to order 1 Open our app and choose a restaurant with the drone sign. 2 Pay online. A code will be sent to your phone. 3 Walk to the nearest landing point (降落点) when you get the message. 4 Type your code into the machine and take your food out within 15 minutes. Please note We carry food only. We do not carry medicine (药品), money or letters. Drones cannot carry drinks in glass bottles or anything over 5kg. We do not fly in heavy rain or strong wind. If the weather stops a flight, your money will be returned within 24 hours. ● If a landing point is full, the drone will wait in the air for five minutes and then fly back. ● Food that is not collected in 15 minutes will be sent back to the restaurant. 11. Chen Hua orders 3 kg of fruit for the first time. How much will she pay for the delivery? A. ¥3. B. ¥6. C. ¥9. D. ¥12. 12. What will the drone do if the landing point is full? A. It will wait in the air for five minutes. B. It will fly to another landing point. C. It will leave the food on the ground. D. It will send you a message to come at once. 13. Which of the following can be sent by drone? A. A glass bottle of juice. B. A 6kg birthday cake. C. A box of medicine. D. A 3kg bag of apples. 14. Which of the following is TRUE? A. The service is open at nine in the morning. B. You can still get your food if you are 20 minutes late. C. You must pay before you get your food. D. Drones can fly in heavy rain. 15. Where can we probably read this text? A. On a restaurant menu. B. On a school noticeboard. C. In a science magazine. D. On an app for ordering food. B Chen Yuxin was the kind of child who asked questions that no one could answer. Why is the sky blue? How do ants find their way home? When she was seven, her mother, tired of saying “I don’t know”, gave her a thick children’s encyclopedia. “If you want to know something,” she said, “look it up.” Yuxin read it like a storybook. She kept a notebook beside her bed and wrote down every new fact she found. By the time she was ten, she had filled four notebooks. “An encyclopedia is not a book of answers,” she says now. “It’s a door. You open one page, and behind it there are ten more questions.” One evening, she noticed something strange. The entry on dinosaurs said they died out “about 65 million years ago”. But a science magazine in her school library said 66 million. She checked three more books, and none of them agreed. So she wrote a letter to the editor (编辑), with the page number and four book names. Two weeks later, a reply arrived. “Thank you,” it said. “You are right. We will correct it in the next printing.” The editor also invited her to visit the office where the book is made. That visit changed her. She saw how editors checked facts, wrote entries and put them in A-B-C order. Last year, Yuxin started working for an online encyclopedia. She reads new pages about animals and space, and marks anything that may be wrong. At school, she started a “Why Club”, where members answer one question a week and put the answer on the wall. “Asking questions is easy,” Yuxin says. “Being careful is the hard part.” 16. What can we learn about Yuxin’s notebooks? A. She kept them under her bed. B. She had filled four of them by the time she was ten. C. She kept letters from editors in them. D. She gave them to her mother. 17. Which of the following best explains “It’s a door” in Paragraph 2? A. The encyclopedia is as heavy as a door. B. A door in her house was made of paper. C. One page can answer ten questions. D. One answer can lead to many new questions. 18. Why did Yuxin write to the editor? A. To ask for a free copy of the book. B. To tell him about her “Why Club”. C. To point out a mistake she had found. D. To become a writer for the encyclopedia. 19. The underlined word “entry” probably means ________. A. a piece of information in a book B. a letter from a reader C. a page of a science magazine D. a question about dinosaurs 20. The best title for the passage is ________. A. A Girl Who Kept Asking Questions B. A Notebook Full of Facts C. How an Encyclopedia Is Made D. The Hard Part of Being Careful C Walk through a forest and you may hear only birds and wind. Under your feet, however, the trees are talking. They cannot move, but they can pass messages, water and even food to one another. The “cables” that carry these things are not made of metal. They are made of fungus (真菌). Thin threads of fungus grow through the soil like a net and join the roots of many trees. A single spoonful of forest soil can hold several kilometers of them. When a tree takes in water, some of it can travel along these threads to a neighbour. Sugar and other things the tree needs move the same way. In the 1990s, a Canadian scientist named Suzanne Simard did a famous experiment. She let some big trees take in a special form of carbon (碳) that scientists can follow. A few days later, the same carbon turned up in the roots of smaller trees of another kind nearby. The two kinds were connected underground. They were sharing food. Why do trees do this? One reason may be family. Simard found that a mother tree sends more food to the young trees grown from her own seeds than to strangers. Another reason is danger. When insects attack one tree, it may send a warning along the network. Trees that receive the warning make something insects dislike, so they are less likely to be eaten. However, not every scientist agrees. Some say the idea is interesting, but the proof is still thin. So it may be safer to say that trees share things than to call them “friendly” or “clever”. What is clear is that a forest is not a group of trees standing alone. It is one large system, and cutting down the biggest trees may break it. 21. The fungus network helps trees by ________. A. keeping the soil warm in winter. B. carrying water, food and messages. C. protecting the roots from insects. D. helping trees grow taller than before. 22. How did Simard find out that the two kinds of trees were connected? A. By watching where birds carried the seeds. B. By measuring how deep the roots had grown. C. By digging up the roots of both trees. D. By following the carbon from one tree to another. 23. Which of the following is closest in meaning to “thin” in the last paragraph? A. Not strong enough. B. Not long enough. C. Difficult to see. D. Easy to find. 24. What can we infer from the passage? A. Insects are unable to hurt trees in a forest. B. Trees can only share food with trees of the same kind. C. Cutting down the biggest trees may harm the whole forest. D. Scientists have proved that trees can think. 25. What does the writer think of calling trees “friendly” or “clever”? A. It is certainly true. B. It is too early to say so. C. It is completely wrong. D. It is not worth studying. 第二节请阅读下面的短文，并从下列方框里的六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。(共5小题，每小题2分) The internet can give you an answer in a second. But a fast answer is not always a true one. ____26____ Here is how to check facts like a detective (侦探). Start with an encyclopedia. A good encyclopedia is written by experts, and its editors check the facts before the book comes out. ____27____ If two articles on the same subject agree, you can feel more confident. Ask who wrote it. Anyone can put information online. ____28____ A page from a museum, a university or a government website is usually safer than an anonymous (匿名的) post. If a page has no name behind it, be careful. Look for the date. Science changes. A page about space written in 2005 may still say Pluto is a planet. ____29____ Old pages are not always wrong, but they are worth a second look. Check the numbers. Numbers are easy to copy and hard to check. A website may say “92% of students agree”, but 92% of how many—nine, or nine thousand? ____30____ Check more than one place. One website is one voice. Find the same fact in two or three places, and write down where you found it. A. Then look up your subject in a second encyclopedia. B. So always check how old the page is. C. A good detective always carries a small notebook. D. That is why you need to check the facts yourself. E. Look at the “About us” page to see who is behind the information. F. Always ask how many people were asked. 第三节信息匹配 下面的材料A——F分别介绍深圳科学馆“冬日探索周”的六个工作坊。请根据五位同学的需求，为他们推荐合适的工作坊。 ____31____ Lin Tao loves old Chinese inventions. He wants to make something with his own hands, just as people did in the Song dynasty. ____32____ Zhou Min is in the school space club. She wonders how scientists learn about stars millions of light years away. ____33____ Chen Hao enjoys maths puzzles. He likes finding numbers and patterns in the plants and fruit around him. ____34____ Wang Yue spends too much time online. She wants to learn how to tell what is true and how to keep her information safe. ____35____ Liu Jia wants to be a science writer. She hopes to learn how a big book of facts is made. A. Sky Watch Meet the team behind a radio telescope (望远镜). They will show you how they listen to stars and how they use huge numbers to describe space. Radio telescopes work day and night, even when the sky is cloudy. B. Safe in the Digital Sea Learn to spot untrue news, protect your personal information and use your phone without losing sleep. Bring your phone and test three apps: you may find that some of them know too much about you. C. Paper and Print Make paper from old newspapers, then print your own page with movable clay type (活字), just as Chinese printers did a thousand years ago. Take the page home and show your family how a page is printed. D. The Encyclopedia Workshop Choose a local plant, animal or old building and write a short piece about it. Experts will help you check every fact, and you will see how the pages of an encyclopedia are put together. E. Build a Helper Build a simple robot that can carry a cup across a table. Work in a group of four and test your robot in front of everyone. No experience is needed. Just bring your patience. F. Number Hunters From the spirals (螺旋) of a pine cone (松果) to the numbers on a bus ticket, hunt for the hidden order around you. Bring a pencil: you will count, draw and compare all afternoon. 第二部分 非选择题(25 分) Ⅲ.语法填空(10 分) 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡规定的位置上。 In the mountains of Guizhou, there is a big “eye” that never closes. It is FAST, the Five-hundred-metre Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (500米口径球面射电望远镜). Its dish is 500 metres across. It is the ____36____ (large) single-dish radio telescope in the world. FAST began to listen to the sky in 2016. In 2017, it ____37____ (find) its first pulsar (脉冲星)——a star that sends out radio waves like a clock. Since then, it has worked ____38____ (quiet) day and night and found over 1,170 of them. The dish is made of 4,450 small ____39____ (piece) of metal, and each one can move, so the big “eye” can look at different parts of the sky. Scientists use FAST ____40____ (study) the universe. They also listen for signals from faraway space. The work is hard and the nights are long, but they love their job ____41____ there is always something new to find. FAST is not only for scientists. Every year, thousands ____42____ students visit it. They climb the hill and look down at the dish. For many, it is ____43____ unforgettable day—the day they feel how big the universe is. Building FAST was not easy. Workers lived in the mountains for years. The ____44____ (succeed) of FAST has made China proud and brought new jobs to nearby villages. Today scientists from many countries come to study the universe with ____45____ (it) huge dish. Ⅳ.书面表达(15 分) 46. 假定你是李华。你的英国朋友Sam来信，想了解你们学校科技周 (Science Week) 的情况。请你给他写一封回信，介绍你在科技周期间参加的两项活动、你最喜欢的一项活动及原因，以及你最大的收获。 要求： 1.80词以上，开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数内； 2.文中不得出现真实姓名和校名； 3.可适当增加细节，以使条理清楚、行文连贯； 4.标点正确，书面整洁。 Dear Sam, I’m glad you asked about our Science Week. Let me tell you about it. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $