14.北京市2026年初中学业水平考试-2027年山东中考英语必备试题汇编

28.C【解析】细节理解题。 选项 对应信息 正误 第三段强调“调整食物位置、包装食物 名字”，而非“增加选择数量” 文章未涉及“价格调整”，仅讨论“视觉 和语言引导” 十 第三段中“putting healthier food choices at the front of the line'”表示把健康食物 放在队伍前端。“the front of the line” 属于“noticeable place(显眼位置)” 第三段中“unhealthy ones at the end”表 D X 示不健康食物放在末端 综合上述分析，C项符合题意。 29.A【解析】段落大意题。根据第四段的例子可知，助 推可能被用于不好的方面，只为助推者自身利益服务 而损害他人。 30.A【解析】最佳标题题。根据文章内容可知，全文围 绕“nudge'”展开，介绍了其含义、助推的特征、积极与 消极作用以及广泛应用，核心是体现助推的影响力， 选项A“助推的力量”符合语境。 三、词汇运用 31.correct 32.warmly 33.above 34.mind 35.raise 36.heroes 37.lent 38.steal 39.worth 40.spread 四、语法填空 【文章大意】本文讲述了21岁的英国女孩Zara Lachlan独 自划船穿越大西洋的经历，她克服了重重困难，最终成功 抵达目的地，实现了自己的目标。 41.challenges【解析】考查名词复数。根据“many”可 知，此处应用名词复数形式，故填challenges。 42.broke【解析】考查动词时态。根据“hurt”和“cut”可 知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，故 填broke。 43.it【解析】考查代词。根据“And”可知，此处指代上 文提到的“a big storm”,用代词“it”来指代这场大风 暴，故填ito 44.to give【解析】考查非谓语动词。decide not to do sth 意为“决定不做某事”，故填to give。. 45.the【解析】考查冠词。根据“youngest person”可知， 此处表示最高级，故填the。 46.was hit【解析】考查被动语态。根据“One time'”可 知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，且主语“she”与 “hit”之间是被动关系，因此用一般过去时的被动语 态，故填was hit。 47.with【解析】考查介词。stay with sb意为“陪伴某 人，与某人同在”，此处指记忆会陪伴她一生，故填 witho 48.successfully【解析】考查副词。根据“arrived”可知， 此处应用副词修饰动词，故填successfully。 49.longer【解析】考查形容词比较级。根据“than”可 知，此处应用比较级形式，故填longer. 50.but【解析】考查连词。根据“It took a..time than I had expected'”和“I'm still proud of my effort”可知，前后 两句之间是转折关系，故填but。 五、阅读表达 【文章大意】本文讲述了18岁学生姜昭鹏赴考途中，为突 发心脏病的同学实施心脏复苏，并在司机的帮助下紧急 送医，姜虽错过考试却无悔，体现了其高尚的品质。 51.They were taking a taxi to the testing site for the spring college entrance exam. 52.By performing CPR. 53.To send the classmate to the hospital quickly. 54.He missed the Chinese language test. 55.He is brave,responsible and values life.He also has practical first aid skills.(答案合理即可) 六、写作 1.主题：分享一张代表中国文化特色的图片 思路 2.人称：第一人称为主 写 点拨 作 3.时态：一般现在时为主 思 第一段：表明写作意图 路（写作 第二段：具体阐述内容与原因 提纲 第三段：书写结语，表达美好祝愿 One possible version: Dear John, Glad to hear from you.Here is the picture I've chosen for your photo show.It shows a traditional Chinese dragon dance during the Spring Festival. In the photo,a team of performers is lifting a long,colorful dragon.Crowds of people are watching cheerfully,with red lanterns hanging in the background.I picked this picture because the dragon dance is a symbol of good luck and prosperity in Chinese culture.It not only reflects the vibrancy of our festivals but also showcases teamwork and traditional art.I believe it will help your classmates feel the joy of Chinese cultural celebrations. Hope your show is a great success! Yours, Li Hua 14北京市2026年初中学业水平考试 一、单项填空 1.A【解析】句意：我的父亲是一位自然爱好者。他最 3 喜欢的活动是在森林里远足。His他的；Hr她的； Their他们的；Your你的。根据“My father'”可知是男 性，修饰名词activity用形容词性物主代词his。 2.B【解析】句意：乔在18岁时开始学习中医。on在… 上面；at在…时刻；to到；for为了。根据“ the age of 18”可知，此处考查固定搭配“at the age 0f.”,意为“在…岁时”。 3.A【解析】句意：交通法规规定每个人乘车时必须系 安全带。must必须；can能；may可能；would将会。根 据“The traffic laws say”可知，法律规定的行为是强制性 的义务，表示“必须”，用must。 4.D【解析】句意：中秋节是中国最受欢迎的节日之一。 popular受欢迎的，原级；more popular更受欢迎的，比较 级；most popular形式错误；the most popular最受欢迎 的，最高级。此处符合“one of+the+形容词最高级+ 复数名词”固定句型。 5.C【解析】句意：一你多久参观一次科学博物 馆？一一个月一次。How much多少，提问数量或价 格；How long多长时间，提问时间段；How often多久一 次，提问频率；How soon多久，提问将来时间。根据答 语“Once a month.”可知是对频率提问，用How often.。 6.B【解析】句意：我们输了比赛，但是我们没有对自己 失去希望。and和，并且；but但是；so所以；or或者，否 则。根据“We lost the game'”与“we didn't lose hope in ourselves”可知，输比赛通常令人沮丧，但没有失去希 望，前后句意存在转折关系，表示转折用but。 7.A【解析】句意：“阅读北京”活动每年吸引成千上万 的学生。根据时间状语every year表示经常性动作，应 用一般现在时；主语event是第三人称单数，谓语动词 用第三人称单数形式。 8.D【解析】句意：一爸爸在书房里做什么？—他 正在笔记本电脑上工作。根据问句“What is Dad doing in the study?”可知，时态为现在进行时，表示动作正在 进行，答语应用现在进行时。 9.D【解析】句意：到目前为止，他们已经召开了几次会 议来讨论他们的实地考察计划。根据时间状语“S0 far”可知，句子应用现在完成时，结构为have/has+过 去分词。主语“they”是复数，助动词用have;实义动词 have的过去分词是had, 10.C【解析】句意：当我放学到家的时候，妈妈正在为我 们做晚饭。根据“when I got home from school'”可知从 句是一般过去时，表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动 作，主句应用过去进行时。 11.B【解析】句意：前天体育馆里举行了一场慈善音乐 会。根据时间状语“the day before yesterday”可知，句 子时态为一般过去时；主语“A charity concert'”与动词 “hold”之间是被动关系，因此使用一般过去时的被动 语态(was/were+done)。 12.C【解析】句意：一你能告诉我明天我们作为志愿 者将要做什么吗？一是的。我们要去公园清理垃 圾。宾语从句需用陈述语序，即“引导词+主语+谓 语”，排除B和D两项疑问语序；主句“Could you tell me”中Could只是委婉礼貌的提问语气，并非一般过 去时，主句整体属于一般现在时，遵循“主现从不限” 的规则；根据时间状语“tomorrow”及答语可知动作发 生在将来，应用一般将来时，排除A项。 二、完形填空 【文章大意】本文主要讲述了作者作为转校生，在学期中 途来到新学校的经历。起初感到不安，但通过从小事做 起，逐渐融入了新环境，建立了自信，并明白了适应力的 重要性。 13.A【解析】考查动名词。句意：在学期中途开始一所 新学校感觉就像是我整个人生按下了重启键。 Starting开始；Visiting参观；Supporting支持；Enjoying 享受。根据前文“my family moved across the country” 和“I was the new kid”可知，作者是转学，所以是“开 始”(Starting)一所新学校。 14.D【解析】考查副词。句意：第一天吃午饭时，我坐在 角落的桌子旁，假装对手机很感兴趣，同时偷偷地搜 索“如何作为新来的孩子生存下来”。suddenly突然； excitedly兴奋地；angrily生气地；secretly秘密地。根据 “pretending to be very interested in my phone”(假装对 手机很感兴趣)可知，作者不想让别人知道他在搜什 么，所以是“偷偷地、秘密地”(secretly)搜索。 15.C【解析】考查形容词。句意：那有一点帮助，但仍然 感觉很不舒服。unwise不明智的；unreasonable不合理 的；uncomfortable不舒服的；unimportant不重要的；根 据前文“feeling worried during a school transition(过渡 期)is normal”以及转折连词“but”可知，虽然文章说 正常，但作者自己心里还是觉得“不舒服/不安” (uncomfortable)。其他选项均贴合不了转学新生孤单 别扭的心情。 16.B【解析】考查动词。句意：但是当一个男孩问我是 否想加入他在科学实验室的小组时，一些小事开始发 生改变。return返回；change改变；increase增加；move 移动。根据前文“The first week was awful.”(第一周很 糟糕)和后文“That made the whole day easier.”可知， 情况开始发生“改变”(change)。 17.B【解析】考查动词。句意：我很快学到的一件事是， 大多数学生并不像你想象的那样评判你。push推； judge评判；protect保护；respect尊重。根据后文 “Everyone is busy worrying about their own things.”可 知，每个人都忙于自己的事情，没空去“评判”(judge) 他人。 18.D【解析】考查动词短语。句意：慢慢地，我找到了融 入的方法。show up出现；stand out突出，显眼；come back回来；fit in融入。根据后文“I focused on simple things,like learning two classmates'names a week..." 可知，作者在努力“融入”（fit in)新环境。 19.A【解析】考查形容词。句意：到学期末，情况看起 来大不相同了。different不同的：strange陌生的； common常见的；serious严肃的，严重的；根据后文“I joined the photography club and started hanging out with my classmates after school..”可知，与刚开始的糟糕情 况相比，现在情况变得“不同”(different)了。 20.C【解析】考查名词。句意：在学期中途转学并不容 易，但它教会了我关于适应力和自信的重要一课。 honesty诚实；freedom自由；confidence自信； cooperation合作。根据前文“Those small wins slowly built up my confidence.”可知，这段经历教会了作者适 应力和“自信”(confidence)。 三、阅读理解 A【文章大意】本文主要介绍了四项周末休闲活动，根 据三位人物各自的出行需求、爱好，匹配对应的活动。 21.C【解析】根据“I plan to go to the city centre,learn more about flowers,and try some tasty snacks.”可知， Amy计划去市中心、了解花卉、品尝小吃。选项C“欢 迎来到我们位于市中心的家庭友好型花园。这里有 多种花卉，您可以了解它们的名称和产地。顺便一 提，南门附近有许多小吃店。”与之匹配。 22.A【解析】根据“I'd love to try horse riding.It sounds perfect for me because I really like exciting activities." 知，Mke想要骑马，喜欢刺激的活动。选项A“你想骑 马吗？欢迎来我们的公园尝试。我们所有的马都是 经过精心挑选和训练的。它们骑起来很安全，即使是 初学者也能驾驭。所以，别再犹豫了！快来享受这项 刺激的运动吧。”符合Mike的需求。 23.B【解析】根据“I really want to have a bicycle ride along the water while enjoying the beautiful view.”可知， Hazel想沿水边骑行、欣赏美景。选项B“加入我们， 一起环湖骑行吧。只需沿着平坦的小路前行，沿途就 能欣赏到美丽的花草树木。”，匹配Hazel的需求。 B【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述Linda受老人启 发，利用废旧材料手工制作玩具，并在校内发起创意手工 活动的故事。 24.D【解析】细节理解题。第三段末尾“Linda asked, amazed..”表明Linda看到老妇人制作玩具时的感受是 惊讶的。 25.B【解析】细节理解题。第六段“What if we have a toy-making workshop where students can make their own toys for show-and-tell?”表明她建议的活动是玩具制作 工作坊。 26.C【解析】推理判断题。最后一段“She realised creativity can also be about finding possibilities in seemingly useless materials..”表明Linda学到的核心经 验是关于创造力的本质。选项C“Creativity can mean finding hidden possibilities”符合对原文的同义转述。 -3 C【文章大意】本文主要讲述了南极海冰在2015年前后 从增加转为急剧减少的现象，并探讨了其可能的原因，包 括海洋变暖和风暴带南移的影响。 27.A【解析】图文理解题。根据第一段“until recently, the size of sea ice around Antarctica was slowly increasing.Then,after 2015,Antarctic ice extent fell from a record high to several record lows”可知，南极海 冰在2015年前缓慢增加，之后急剧下降，因此图表应 呈现先升后降的趋势，对应A选项。 28.D【解析】内容排序题。根据第三段“bringing more rain and snow into the sea ice area...The rain and snow create a layer of fresh surface water...These winds blow surface water and ice forward...warm deep saltwater rises up to fill the empty space”可知，首先风暴带南移带来 更多雨雪（④），雨雪形成淡水层（②），随后更强风吹 走表面水和冰（③），最后暖咸水上升填补空间（①）， 故顺序为④②③①。 29.B【解析】标题归纳题。全文围绕南极海冰损失的原 因展开，从空气温度到海洋变暖，再到风暴带作用，最 后提到建模研究，均是在探究原因，因此B选项“这是 南极海冰损失的原因吗？”最符合作为本文标题。 D【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文，围绕互联网对人类 记忆力的影响展开多方观，点讨论，一方面指出分心刷屏、 被动检索信息会削弱记忆形成能力，另一方面多位研究 者认为互联网只是改变记忆存储内容与学习模式，整体 利大于弊，但记忆最终向好还是向坏尚无定论。 30.A【解析】词义猜测题。根据第三段上下文“The compulsion to continuously take in information means we often check social media..”可知，这种“compulsion”驱 使人们不断查看社交媒体，甚至影响了大脑休息。结 合选项，A项Longing(渴望、强烈愿望)最符合这种难 以控制的冲动之意。 31.D【解析推理判断题。根据第四段中Betsy Sparrow 的观，点“..this will change our way of learning from a focus on remembering facts to one on understanding ideas”可知，互联网可能会改变我们的学习方式，从关 注记忆事实转变为关注理解理念。 32.B【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段Benjamin Storm的话“generally the benefits are going to outweigh those costs'”(总体上利大于弊，态度积极)以及“At this point,we dont know.”(目前我们还不知道，表示不确 定)，可以看出他的态度是积极但仍存不确定性的。 33.C【解析】写作意图题。通读全文可知，文章第一段 提出专家担心互联网导致健忘，随后几段分别引用了 Michael Merzenich Betsy Sparrow Harvard psychologists 以及Benjamin Storm等不同专家的观点，讨论了互联 网对记忆力的负面影响和正面改变。作者并未单方 面论证某一种信念，而是客观呈现了关于该话题的不 同观点。 5 四、阅读表达 【文章大意】本文主要讲述了忙碌与高效的区别，分析了 忙碌带来的虚假成就感及负面影响，阑述了高效的特，点 及计划方法的好处，倡导人们追求高效而非忙碌，以实现 更有目标的工作和更满意的生活。 34.Because it helps you control your attention,make smarter choices,and focus on what truly matters. 【解析】根据文章第一段“Understanding the difference is important because it helps you control your attention, make smarter choices,and focus on what truly matters." 可知，理解忙碌与高效区别的重要性在于它能帮助控 制注意力、做出明智选择并聚焦重，点。 35.They have little control over time,which leads to stress and little progress. 【解析】根据文章第二段“As a result,.they have little control over time,which leads to stress and little progress..”可知，忙碌的人让外部任务占据时间会导致 压力和缺乏进展。 36.It reduces unnecessary tasks and creates space for deep, focused effort. 【解析】根据文章第三段“This planned method reduces unnecessary tasks and creates space for deep,focused effort..”可知，高效人士的计划方法通过减少不必要任 务并为专注努力创造空间来起作用。 37.I plan to make a daily to-do list and rank tasks by importance.First,it helps me focus on key tasks instead of wasting time on easy but unimportant tasks.Second,it allows me to set aside quiet time for deep-learning,which improves my understanding and reduces last-minute stress. 【解析】本题为开放性试题，需结合文章关于“高效” 的主题作答。答案不唯一，合理作答即可。 五、文段表达 题目① 主题：处理旧学习资料的调查 思路 人称：第一人称 点拨 时态：一般现在时和一般将来时为主 写作 指导 第一段：总起，引出主题 第二段：不同处理方式的占比，反应环 、写作 提纲 保意识的不同 第三段：陈述个人看法和做法，践行环 保的毕业理念 One possible version: This table shows what students will do with their used learning materials after graduation. 62%of the students choose to take the materials to a recycling centre,while 35%give them away for reuse and 3%throw them away.It shows most students care about the environment,but still some don't treat their used learning materials properly. As for me,I plan to give away my textbooks and notes to younger students.The reuse of textbooks saves money and reduces paper use.And my notes can serve as a useful aid, helping others understand difficult points more easily. 题目② 主题：议论文，科学护眼 思路 点拨 人称：第一人称（李华视角）】 写作 时态：一般现在时 指导 第一段：衔接开头，引出观点 写作 第二段：分点罗列护眼行为 提纲 第三段：收尾，升华主题 One possible version: Eye health matters to everyone. I have three habits to keep my eyes healthy.At school,I do eye exercises twice a day.When I study at home,I make sure I take a 5-minute break every 30 minutes to give my eyes a rest.And I spend at least an hour outdoors every day for some natural light. These habits have benefited me a lot.They help me relax my eyes and avoid eye problems,so I feel more comfortable every day.Always remember:Better habits today mean healthier eyes tomorrow! ⑤重庆市2026年初中学业水平考试 I.听力测试略 Ⅱ.语法选择 【文章大意】本篇文章是一封父亲写给儿子的信。主要讲 述了父亲在坦桑尼亚野外徒步时迷路，想摘水果充饥却 够不到，最后一只小猴子帮他摘水果的有趣经历。 25.A【解析】考查代词。句意：我非常想念你们大家。 you你/你们（宾格）；your你的/你们的（形容词性物主 代词)；yourself你自己（反身代词）。“miss”是及物动 词，后面需要接宾格代词作宾语。 26.C【解析】考查动词。句意：昨天我去野外徒步了。 时间状语“Yesterday”表示过去，句子要用一般过 去时。 27.B【解析】考查名词。句意：风景很美，有各种各样的 植物和许多鸟。“lots of”后接可数名词复数或不可数 名词。 28.B【解析】考查副词比较级。句意：我走得比平时远 了一，点。far(原级)、farther(比较级)；farthest(最高 级)。句中有“than usual'”表示比较，要用副词的比 较级。14北京市2026年初中学业水平考试 三、阅读理解（每小题2分，共26分） (一)阅读下列周末休闲活动介绍，请根据人物意愿和需求 (时间：90分钟总分：60分) 匹配最适合的活动，并将活动所对应的选项(A、B、C、D)填 在相应位置上。其中一个选项为多余选项。 第一部分 二、完形填空（每小题1分，共8分） A 本部分共33题，共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中，选出 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所 Fun Activities on Weekends 最符合题目要求的一项。 给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 Do you want to ride a horse?Welcome to try it in our -、单项填空（每小题0.5分，共6分） The day I walked into Westfield park.All our horses are carefully chosen and well- A 从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以 High School,I felt like everyone in the trained.They are safe to ride,even for beginners.So, 填入空白处的最佳选项。 hallway somehow knew I was the new don't wait!Come and enjoy this exciting sport. ()1.My father is a nature lover. favourite kid.Three weeks earlier,my family activity is hiking in the forest. Are you a fan of biking?Join us and bike around the moved across the country after my mum A.His B.Her C.Their D.Your changed jobs.13 a new school in the middle of the term B lake.Just follow the flat paths(小路)，and you will be greeted by beautiful flowers and trees.Best of all:You )2.Joe started to study Traditional Chinese Medicine felt like hitting reset on my whole life. the age of 18. At lunch that first day,I sat at a corner table can have a happy time outdoors and make new friends! A.on B.at C.to D.for pretending()to be very interested in my phone while Welcome to our family-friendly garden in the city centre. )3.The traffic laws say that everyone wear 14 searching for "how to survive being the new kid". We have many kinds of flowers.You can learn about their the seat belt when travelling by car. Teen articles kept saying the same thing-feeling worried names and the places they come from.By the way,you A.must B.can C.may D.would during a school transition(过渡期)is normal.That helped a will find many snack shops at the south gate. )4.The Mid-Autumn Festival is one of little,but it still felt 15. Hope to ride a 50-year-old train?If so,our activity is festivals in China. The first week was awful.I got lost looking for the your right choice.Get on the train for a relaxing two-hour A.popular B.more popular chemistry class,mispronounced a teacher's name,and trip around the city.You can have a great time while C.most popular D.the most popular accidentally walked into the wrong classroom twice.But enjoying the beautiful view along the way. ()5. do you visit the science museum? something small started to 16 when a boy asked if I -Once a month. wanted to join his group in the science lab.That made the I plan to go to the city centre, A.How much B.How long whole day easier.One thing I learnt quickly is that most 21 learn more about flowers,and C.How often D.How soon students don't 17 you as much as you think.Everyone is try some tasty snacks. )6.We lost the game, we didn't lose hope in busy worrying about their own things. Amy ourselves. Slowly,I found a way to 18.Instead of trying to do A.and B.but C.so D.or many big things right away,I focused on simple things,like I'd love to try horse riding.It )7.The“Reading Beijing”event thousands learning two classmates'names a week and asking one )22 sounds perfect for me because I of students every year. question in a class.Those small wins slowly built up my Mike really like exciting activities. A.draws B.drew confidence. C.will draw D.has drawn By the end of the term,things looked very 19.I I really want to have a bicycle )8.-What is Dad doing in the study? joined the photography club and started hanging out with my )23 ride along the water while -He on his laptop. classmates after school.Changing schools in the middle of Hazel enjoying the beautiful view. A.works B.worked the term was not easy,but it taught me something important C.will work D.is working about resilience(适应力)and20.Feeling uneasy does (二)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的 )9.So far,they several meetings to discuss not last forever.If you are the new kid right now,hang in A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 their plans for a field trip. there.The hallway that feels strange today may become the B A.have B.had place where you begin your new stage of life. Linda always dreamed of having many great toys,but C.are having D.have had ( )13.A.Starting B.Visiting buying them all was almost impossible. )10.Mum dinner for us when I got home C.Supporting D.Enjoying One afternoon,exploring behind her apartment building, from school )14.A.suddenly B.excitedly Linda discovered something wonderful.An elderly woman was A.cooks B.is cooking C.angrily D.secretly creating beautiful playthings using thrown-away materials and C.was cooking D.will cook ( )15.A.unwise B.unreasonable natural objects.She built a tower from parts of cardboard )11.A charity concert in the gym the day C.uncomfortable D.unimportant boxes,and a tiny house with sticks,leaves,and stones. before yesterday. )16.A.return B.change C.increase D.move "How do you make such wonderful toys without buying A.held B.was held )17.A.push B.judge C.protect D.respect anything?"Linda asked,amazed. C.will hold D.will be held )18.A.show up B.stand out "The best toys aren't bought in stores,"the woman smiled )12.-Could you tell me as volunteers C.come back D.fit in warmly."They're created with your own hands and imagination. tomorrow? ( )19.A.different B.strange Everything,even the things people throw away,can become -Yes.We're going to clean up litter in the park. C.common D.serious something magical.You just need a little creativity." A.what we did B.what did we do )20.A.honesty B.freedom Inspired(受到启发)，Linda began trying out some ideas C.what we will do D.what will we do C.confidence D.cooperation at home.She found treasures everywhere.A shoe box became a -53 -5 toy theatre.Old socks turned into materials for fashion dolls and old magazines became their clothes.Plastic bottles were used to build rocket ships.Soon,Linda's bedroom became a world of wonder.Each creation taught her something about design,engineering,and storytelling. One day,Linda went to see her teacher,Mr Thompson, with an idea."What if we have a toy-making workshop where students can make their own toys for show-and-tell?"Mr Thompson was uncertain.Linda then presented the toys she had made,showing him how well-designed and interesting they were. Surprised by her creativity,Mr Thompson decided to have an activity named“Invention and Innovation(创新)Week”to encourage students to make and show their creative works. Linda was excited and began to teach other students her toy- making skills. During the week,something magical happened.The handmade toys fired everyone's imagination in ways store toys never could,inspiring stories,games and plays.Some teachers even started to include creative toy-making in their lessons.A local newspaper reported on these young inventors.Other schools wanted to follow their creative practice. The big success of the activity filled Linda with pride.She realised creativity can also be about finding possibilities in seemingly useless materials. )24.How did Linda feel when she saw the elderly woman making playthings? A.Proud. B.Satisfied. C.Warm. D.Amazed. )25.What activity did Linda suggest to Mr Thompson? A.A fashion design show. B.A toy-making workshop. C.A storytelling competition. D.A second-hand magazine fair. )26.What did Linda learn from her experience? A.Teaching others helps us learn more quickly B.Friendship may develop from sharing stories. C.Creativity can mean finding hidden possibilities. D.Exploring nature leads to the discovery of beauty. 0 While the size of Arctic sea ice the Arctic has dropped by about 40 percent over -the tropics 40 years,until recently,the size of the sea ice around Antarctica was slowly increasing.Then,after 2015,Antarctic Antarctica ice extent(范围)fell from a record high to several record lows,losing an area as large as Greenland. Some research has suggested that higher air temperatures may be the cause.However,two new studies show that ocean warming played a bigger role in this dramatic change.As part of global ocean circulation(全球海洋环流)，warm saltwater moves southward from the tropics and circles Antarctica 200 metres below the surface.But temperature and saltiness records of the past 20 years suggest that this warm deep saltwater has been rising towards the surface,where it can melt()sea ice. Antarctica is encircled by a belt of strong winds and storms.Climate change has pushed this storm belt southward, bringing more rain and snow into the sea ice area,according to a study by Earle Wilson and other researchers at Stanford University.The rain and snow create a layer()of fresh surface water that better protects the bottom of the sea ice from warm deep saltwater,allowing it to grow to its 2014 record high.But the same southward-moving storm belt also brings stronger winds.These winds blow surface water and ice forward.As this happens,warm deep saltwater rises up to fill the empty space. Between 2014 and 2016,this wind-driven rising began to get the upper hand against the protective layer of increased rain and snow,and sea ice began to melt away.When the researchers input the recorded ocean data into a computer model,it projected that sea ice would grow and then become smaller,as it did in the real world. The researchers plan to study and model other things, which also likely play roles throughout Antarctica.Examples include changes in sea ice movement and increases in ocean mixing resulting from more storms.By studying the ocean data, they hope to build a model to project changes in Antarctic sea ice in the years to come. ()27.Which of the following best shows the Antarctic sea ice changes around 2015? size size time time size time time )28.In which order are the following events discussed in Paragraph3？ DWarm deep saltwater rises to the surface. 2A layer of fresh surface water is created. 3Surface water and ice are blown forward. 4More rain and snow are brought into the sea ice area. A.②④①③ B.②④③① C.④②①③ D.④②③① ()29.Which of the following is the best title for this passage? A.Where is Antarctic sea ice loss taking us? B.Is this the cause of Antarctic sea ice loss? C.Will a new model explain Antarctic sea ice melting? D.How does fresh surface water protect Antarctic sea ice? -5 D C.Checking social media can give the brain proper The internet has provided us with unmatched ways to breaks get information but it is also sounding alarms.Some experts D.The internet may produce a change of focus in argue that the internet will produce forgetfulness in the minds learning. of those learning to use it,because they won't practise their )32.How does Benjamin Storm feel about the effects of memory. the internet on memory? Is the internet really doing harm to our memories-or A.Uneasy and doubtful will our doubtful experts be proven wrong?After all,the B.Positive but still uncertain. brain's attention system (and preferences for novel C.Negative but still hopeful. experiences were already there long before the digital age, D.Encouraged and confident. and our ability to remember is nearly inexhaustible(无穷尽 )33.What is the writer's main purpose in writing this )According to Michael Merzenich,a brain researcher, passage? every brain is a work in progress;it keeps changing A.To argue for a belief. throughout our lives,depending on how we use it. B.To challenge a solution. But our brains don't work well when we're not focused. C.To present different views. When we repeatedly check text messages and social media D.To examine causes and effects during work,we are weakening our ability to form both 第二部分 short-and long-term memories,experts say.The flooding of 本部分共5题，共20分。根据题目要求，完成相应任务。 information influences our ability to remember too.Though 四、阅读表达（第34一36题每题2分，第37题4分，共10 our brains are designed to look for new data,too much of it 分) may be causing this natural drive to go wild.The compulsion 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 to continuously take in information means we often check Being busy often seems important in today's world.Full social media when we should be doing "memory calendars,.nonstop notifications(消息提醒)，and long to-do housekeeping"by giving our brains some rest.Another lists make it feel like progress is always happening.However, problem:the effortless way of receiving information online. many people end their days very tired and wonder why their Trying to actively recall()data is a good workout for the big goals are still far away.The truth is that being busy is brain,but today we are using online search tools instead. different from being effective:One fills time and the other However,the internet may be changing only what we creates results.Understanding the difference is important remember,not our ability to do so,suggests Columbia because it helps you control your attention,make smarter University psychologist(心理学家)Betsy Sparrow.In fact, choices,and focus on what truly matters. the internet is becoming an outside hard drive for our Busyness gives a false sense of achievement because it memories.Some worry that this is having a negative effect on fills time with activity.Answering emails,attending meetings, society,but Sparrow suggests this will change our way of and checking off small tasks create the illusion (of learning from a focus on remembering facts to one on progress.However,activities of this kind often have no real understanding ideas. purpose and fail to move important goals forward.What's more, As is shown in a 2008 study,using the internet busy people often let outside tasks take over their time.As a exercised the brain more than reading among older adults result,they have little control over time,which leads to stress with strong computer skills.And two Harvard psychologists and little progress. argue that not needing to remember facts might free our Effectiveness,however,is measured (by results, minds to focus on more meaningful tasks. not activity.Rather than ask how much was done,effective "There may be costs caused by our increased people ask what was achieved.They prioritise（优先考虑) dependence on the internet,but generally the benefits are tasks that create meaningful change,even if those tasks going to outweigh those costs,"says Benjamin Storm,a require more focus and more effort.For example,they decide psychologist."It seems pretty clear that memory is changing, ahead of time what is worth their energy and then prioritise but is it changing for the better?At this point,we don't their time for important work.This planned method reduces know.” unnecessary tasks and creates space for deep,focused effort. )30.What does the word "compulsion"in Paragraph The real cost of busyness lies not in time spent,but in 3 most probably mean? progress lost.Being busy often hides the fact that little of real A.Longing. B.Ability. value is being achieved.Effective people,on the other hand, C.Chance. D.Promise. often take a break from their work to check if they are keeping )31.What can we learn from the passage? to their goals.When you stop measuring your days by how full A.Internet users remember facts better than non- they are and start measuring them by what truly moves you users. forward,work becomes more purposeful and life feels more B.Novel experiences improve the brain's attention satisfying. system 34.Why is it important to understand the difference between being busy and being effective? 35.What is the result when busy people let outside tasks take over their time? 36.How does the planned method of effective people work? 37.What do you plan to do to be an effective student?Why? (Please give two reasons. 五、文段表达(10分) 从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据所给的中文和英文 提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出 的内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写 出真实的校名、姓名和地名。 题目①： 假设你是李华，你们学校正在开展“Green Graduation” 主题活动。为此，英语社团公众号进行了关于毕业生处理 学习资料方式的问卷调查。下表展示了部分调查结果。请 结合表格内容，用英语给公众号留言，谈谈你毕业后处理学 习资料的打算和理由。 What students will do with used learning materials? What students will do Percentage of students Take them to a recycling centre 62% Give them away for reuse 35% Throw them away 3% 提示词语：environment,.save,reduce,useful 内容提示： What can you learn from the results? What will you do with your used learning materials?Why? This table shows what students will do with their used learning materials after graduation. 题目②： 假设你是李华，你们学校正在开展“科学护眼，光明未 来”主题活动。为此，英语社团公众号计划推出“我的护眼 好习惯”专栏，现面向全体师生征稿。请用英语给公众号 投稿，分享你的护眼习惯及其带来的益处。 提示词语：eye exercises,take a break,outdoors,relax,avoid 内容提示：·What do you often do to protect your eyes？ .What benefits have you got? Eye health matters to everyone.