15 北京市2025年初中学业水平考试-2026年山东中考英语必备试题汇编

自划船穿越大西洋的经历，她克服了重重困难，最终成功 抵达目的地，实现了自己的目标。 41.challenges【解析】考查名词复数。根据“many”可 知，此处应用名词复数形式，故填challenges。 42.broke【解析】考查动词时态。根据“hurt”和“cut”可 知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，用一殷过去时，故 填broke。 43.it【解析】考查代词。根据“And”可知，此处指代上 文提到的“a big storm”,用代词“it”来指代这场大风 暴，故填it。 44.to give【解析】考查非谓语动词。decide not to do sth.意为“决定不做某事”，故填tove。 45.the【解析】考查冠词。根据“youngest person”可知， 此处表示最高级，故填the。 46.was hit【解析】考查被动语态。根据“One time”可 知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，且主语“she”与 “hit”之间是被动关系，因此用一般过去时的被动语 态，故填was hit 47.with【解析】考查介词。stay with sb.意为“陪伴某 人，与某人同在”，此处指记忆会陪伴她一生，故填 with。 48.successfully【解析】考查副词。根据“arrived'”可知， 此处应用副词修饰动词，故填successfully。 49.longer【解析】考查形容词比较级。根据“than”可 知，此处应用比较级形式，故填longero 50.but【解析】考查连词。根据“It took a...time than I had expected”和“T'm still proud of my effort'”可知，前后 两句之间是转折关系，故填but。 五、阅读表达 【文章大意】本文讲述了18岁学生姜昭鹏赴考途中，为突 发心脏病的同学实施心脏复苏，并在司机的帮助下紧急 送医，姜虽错过考试却无悔，体现了其高尚的品质。 51.They were taking a taxi to the testing site for the spring college entrance exam. 52.By performing CPR. 53.To send the classmate to the hospital quickly. 54.He missed the Chinese language test. 55.He is brave,responsible and values life.He also has practical first aid skills.(答案合理即可) 六、写作 1.主题：分享一张代表中国文化特色的图片 思路 2.人称：第一人称为主 写 点拨 作 3.时态：一般现在时为主 思 第一段：表明写作意图 路 写作 提纲 第二段：具体阐述内容与原因 第三段：书写结语，表达美好祝愿 3 One possible version: Dear John, Glad to hear from you.Here is the picture I've chosen for your photo show.It shows a traditional Chinese dragon dance during the Spring Festival. In the photo,a team of performers is lifting a long,colorful dragon.Crowds of people are watching cheerfully,with red lanterns hanging in the background.I picked this picture because the dragon dance is a symbol of good luck and prosperity in Chinese culture.It not only reflects the vibrancy of our festivals but also showcases teamwork and traditional art.I believe it will help your classmates feel the joy of Chinese cultural celebrations. Hope your show is a great success! Yours, Li Hua 1⑤北京市2025年初中学业水平考试 一、单项填空 1.D【解析】考查人称代词辨析。句意：我妹妹擅长唱 歌。她甚至能唱一些法语歌曲。I我；He他；You你； She她。根据“My sister is good at singing.”可知，此处 指“我”妹妹会唱法语歌曲，指第三人称，且为女性，故 用代词She指代。故选D。 2.D【解析】考查介词辨析。句意：这些中国宇航员将 在空间站停留六个月。at后接具体时刻；on后接具体 某一天；to到；for后接一段时间。根据“stay in the space station...six months”可知，字航员将在空间站待 六个月，for+一段时间。故选D。 3.A【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：一妈妈，这个 星期天下午我能和同学们一起去看电影吗？一是 的，你当然可以。can可以；must必须；need需要； should应该。根据“of course you can”可知，此处表示请 求，应用句式CanL..?。故选A。 4.D【解析】考查形容词最高级。句意：中国国家图书 馆是亚洲最大的公共图书馆。large大的，原级；larger 更大的，比较级；largest最大的，最高级；the largest最大 的，最高级。根据“in Asia”可知，此处含比较范围，在 亚洲境内的图书馆，三者以上的比较用最高级，形容词 最高级前加定冠词the。故选D。 5.B【解析】考查疑问词辨析。句意：一Steve,你什么 时候开始学习下棋的？一大约两年前。what什么； when什么时候；why为什么；where在哪里。根据 “About two years ago.”可知，此处询问时间，用when提 问。故选B。 6.C【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：Janet为我们做了很 多，所以我们想给她写一封感谢信。or或者；but但是； so因此：for因为。分析句子可知，因为Janet为我们做 了很多，所以给她写感谢信，前后是因果关系，应用80 连接。故选C。 7.B【解析】考查动词时态。句意：昨天晚上，当她的爸 爸回家时，May正在画画。本句是含when引导的时间 状语从句的复合句，从句动作发生时，主句动作正在进 行，从句是一般过去时，主句应为过去进行时，结构是 was/were doing,主语是第三人称单数，be动词用was。 故选B。 8.A【解析】考查动词时态。句意：Charlie每个周末都 会去看望他的祖父母。他非常爱他们。根据“every weekend”可知，此处描述经常性的动作，应为一般现在 时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用其单三形式。故 选A。 9.C【解析】考查动词时态。句意：一Peter,.你昨天放 学后和朋友们打乒乓球了吗？一不，我没有。我们 在学校花园里浇了蔬菜。根据“after school yesterday” 可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应为一般过去时，谓 语动词用其过去式。故选C。 10.B【解析】考查动词时态。句意：自去年以来，许多 国际学生来参观我们学校。根据“since last year'”可 知，句子时态是现在完成时，结构是have/has done 故选B。 11.C【解析】考查动词时态及被动语态。句意：如今， 越来越多的人在使用语言学习应用程序。根据“these days”可知，时态是一般现在时。结合“by”可知，此处 是被动语态，应用程序被人们使用。故选C。 l2.A【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：—-Linda,你知道 这学期我们学校旅行要去哪里吗？一是的。我们 要去首都博物馆。根据“do you know..for the school trip this term”可知，空处填入的是宾语从句，用陈述语 序，因此排除选项C和D(均为疑问语序)；结合回答 “We are going to the Capital Museum.”可知，此时宾语 从句用一般将来时，排除选项B(为一般过去时)。故 选A。 二、完形填空 【文章大意】本文讲述作者与祖父制作苹果蛋糕的传统， 以及祖父年老失忆后，作者努力延续这一温馨回忆的 故事。 13.A【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：11岁时，当我第 一次发现从不进厨房的祖父才是制作苹果蛋糕的幕 后高手时，我大为惊讶。surprised惊讶的；worried担 心的；scared害怕的；satisfied满意的。根据“who was never in the kitchen”与“master behind it'”的对比，可知 此处指非常惊讶。故选A。 14.B【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：我认为这是获得食 谱的绝佳机会，而且我也能有更多时间跟祖父相处。 compare比较；connect连接；study学习；perform表演。 根据“and that I could actually have a time to...with him”及后文提到的“bonding”可知，此处指有时间和祖 父相处，即建立联系。故选B。 15.A【解析】考查副词辨析。句意：一个元旦，当我像 往常一样高兴地从购物袋里拿出苹果时，他看着我 说：“Sophia,你在千什么？”cheerfully高兴地；proudly 骄傲地；nervously紧张地；curiously好奇地。根据“and we'd make the cake together happily”及“as usual”可知， 此处指作者像往常一样非常高兴。故选A。 16.D【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：这是我们的传统。 record记录；rule规则；interest兴趣；radition传统。根 "The New Year party was usually held at my aunt's house and my favorite part was the apple cake.”可知，在 新年夜制作苹果蛋糕是作者一家的传统。故选D。 17.B【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：尽管如此，我还是 指导爷爷做蛋糕，因为我不想让这个传统消亡。 served服务；guided指导；followed跟随；protected保护。 根据“Can you teach me?”及“I..Grandpa in making the cake.”可知，祖父忘记了如何制作苹果蛋糕，故此 处指作者指导祖父制作苹果蛋糕。故选B。 18.D【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：为了给家人带来一 点安慰，我决定自己在家做苹果蛋糕。tust信任； company陪伴；respect尊重；comfort安慰。根据 "Grandpa was in hospital...I decided to make the apple cake at home by myself.”可知，祖父住院了，为了让家 人感到一些安慰，作者决定自己做苹果蛋糕。故 选D。 19.C【解析】考查现在分词辨析。句意：但我一直在怀 疑自己。cheating欺骗；excusing原谅；doubting怀疑； thanking感谢。根据“I was afraid the cake was going to taste terrible because it didn't have Grandpa's touch." 知，作者在做苹果蛋糕时会担心没有祖父的参与，蛋 糕味道不好，始终怀疑自己。故选C。 20.D【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：在医院里，每个人 都围着他，制造了一些温暖。space空间；wealth财富； magic魔法；warmth温暖。根据“At the hospital, everyone was surrounding()him,creating some... and smiled.”可知，有家人在身边一起过节，祖父觉得 很温暖。故选D。 三、阅读理解 A【文章大意】本文介绍了Tina、Kevin、Nancy的旅行计 划，根据人物的旅行计划匹配最适合的图片。 21.D【解析】细节理解题。根据“T'd love to take lots of photos of elephants,giraffes and other animals.”可知， Tina想要给大象、长颈鹿等动物拍照，图片D中有大 象、长颈鹿，与其匹配。故选D。 22.B【解析】细节理解题。根据“I love to walk in forests,climb trees and hike in the mountains.”可知， Kevin想要在森林中散步、爬树、去山上远足等，图片B 是森林，与其匹配。故选B。 23.C【解析】细节理解题。根据“My plan is to go to the beach,swim in the sea and sit in the sun.”可知，Nancy 想要去海滩，在海里游泳，沐浴阳光，图片C中有大 海、海滩，与其匹配。故选C。 B【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者和 母亲一起种花并在春天将鲜花分享给邻居的故事。通过 这一经历，作者理解了“分享美丽”的意义，并感受到了传 播善意的快乐。 24.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“I watched hopefully all through the winter..”可知，作者在冬天观 察花园时的心情是“充满希望的”。故选C。 25.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段“we will walk the neighborhood and leave a basket of flowers on each doorstep”以及后文描述的行动可知，这些花最终被送 给了邻居。故选B。 26.A【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“The garden was empty,but my heart was full.”以及前文描述作者 看到邻居收到鲜花时的喜悦可推知，让作者内心充实 的是“传播善意的快乐”。故选A。 C【文章大意】本文主要介绍了可生物降解机器人的研 究进展及其潜在应用，同时指出该技术仍处于早期阶段。 27.A【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段“These materials are strong enough to work but can easily break down..were gone in soil within weeks.”可知，研究人 员用动植物材料制作了机械臂和控制器，这些材料足 够坚固且能在自然环境中被轻松分解。由此可推知 这些机械臂和控制器的特，点是环保。故选A。 28.B【解析】段落大意题。根据第五段“Wei and Zhang expect that robots like these can be used to deal with dangerous waste..”可知，第五段主要讨论软体机器 人的应用。故选B。 29.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Biodegradable (可生物降解的)robotics often falls under the umbrella of soft robotics,which takes ideas from nature.”可知，可 生物降解机器人通常属于软体机器人范畴，其灵感来 自自然。故选C。 D【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了人工智 能如何反映人类社会中的偏见和不公平现象，并强调人 类在塑造AI时需要承担的责任。文章通过具体案例说 明AI并非独立产生偏见，而是反映了人类社会已有的问 题，并呼吁人们通过自身行为来影响AI的发展方向。 30.D【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段“In both cases, AI isn't creating new biases(偏见)，it is mirroring the ones that are already present.”可知，作者认为AI并没 有创造新的偏见，而是反映了已经存在的偏见。第二 段中提到AI驱动的工具对女性不利，贷款算法对有 色人种更为不利，这两个例子印证了作者的观点，是 为了支持“AI反映人类社会偏见”这一观，点。故选D。 31.C【解析】词义猜测题。根据第五段“we need to take increasing care to read our principles ()..the two to diverge..”可知，在人工智能发展的过程中，我们需 要将我们的原则融入到我们的行动记录中，而不是让 两者背道而驰。画线部分diverge意为“分歧，背离”， 与separate表达的意思相近。故选C。 32.B【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段“As long as AI is trained on human data,it will...leave in the world. 知，只要A「是基于人类数据训练的，它就会反映人类 行为。这意味着我们必须认真思考我们在世界上留 下的足迹。作者认为人类应谨慎对待自身行为对AI 的影响，即“注意我们对AI模型的输入”。故选B。 33.A【解析】最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章核心观 点是AI并非问题的根源，而是人类社会已经存在的 偏见的反映，因此人类需要为AI的发展负责。选项A “AI Isn't the Problem;We Are”最贴合主旨。故选A。 四、阅读表达 【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文，主要探讨了现代人快节 奏生活的弊端，并介绍了“慢生活运动”的理念及其意义。 34.Because they think they have no control of time. 【解析】根据第一段“We choose fast living because we think we have no control of time..”可知，人们选择快生 活是因为他们认为自己无法掌控时间。 35.The answer is to learn how to live slower. 【解析】根据第三段“The Slow Movement thinks that the answer to our predicament is not to live faster,but to learn how to live slower..”可知，慢生活运动认为，解决困境 的方法不是更快地生活，而是学会如何慢下来。 36.The main idea is to value quality over quantity. 【解析】根据第五段“The main idea of the Slow Movement is to value quality over quantity(数量).”可 知，慢生活运动的主旨是重视质量而非数量。 37.I prefer slow living.First,it can free us from endless rush and help us enjoy moments of rest.Second,it helps us reduce stress,making us feel more relaxed and at peace. 【解析】本题是一道开放性试题，结合个人观，点选择快 节奏生活或者慢节奏生活，并给出两个原因。 8 五、文段表达 题目① 【审题指导】本文是一篇材料作文。要求考生根据图表内 容，简要说明同学们做家务的情况，并对班级同学参与家 务劳动提出建议。内容提示已给出，考生应按要求进行写 作，不可遗漏任何信息提示，适当添加细节，使行文连贯。 【写作指导】时态以一般现在时为主。第一步，承接已给出的 开头，结合饼状图，介绍统计结果；第二步，提出一些有关做 家务的建议。第三步，书写结语，呼吁同学们多做家务。 One possible version: I did a survey on my classmates doing housework. According to the results,15%of them usually do housework, while 80%sometimes help with chores.Sadly,5%seldom do any housework at all.This shows that most students are slow to take part in household tasks. To improve this,I suggest my classmates spend some time every day doing simple chores,like tidying up their rooms or washing dishes.Housework is not only helpful for keeping our homes clean but also beneficial for teaching us responsibility. Let's all try to do more to help our families! 题目② 【审题指导】本文是一篇材料作文。要求考生写一篇公众 号留言，提出自己对于“梦想图书馆”的设想，并简要阐述 该图书馆的益处。内容提示已给出，考生应按要求进行 写作，不可遗漏任何信息提示，适当添加细节，使行文 连贯。 【写作指导】语态主要用虚拟语气。第一步，承接已给出 的开头，直入主题，描述自己设想中的图书馆，包括其风 格与设备；第二步，介绍该图书馆的益处；第三步，书写结 语（已给出）。 One possible version: I'm Li Hua from Class 1,Grade 9.My dream library would be a modern,interactive space with cozy reading corners,e-books,and even VR stations to explore books in new ways.It could also have a recommendation system to help students find books matching their interests. This kind of library would make reading more fun and engaging.Students could experience stories in different styles,discover new types,and develop a lifelong love for books.Let's make reading an exciting adventure! I hope my dream will come true.Thanks. 6重庆市2025年初中学业水平考试 I.听力测试略 Ⅱ.语法选择 【文章大意】本文讲述了李亮从一个对科学感兴趣的小 3 孩，通过发明检测食品安全的工具，成长为激励他人的大 学生。 25.A【解析】考查介词辨析。句意：他擅长解决日常生 活中的问题。at在；to到；for为了。根据“solving problems in daily life”可知，此处指擅长解决问题，be good at'“擅长”。故选A。 26.B【解析】考查代词辨析。句意：让人们的生活变得 更好是他的梦想。he他（主格）；his他的（形容词性 物主代词)；him他（宾格）。修饰名词dream用形容词 性物主代词。故选B。 27.C【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：在他11岁的一个晚 上，他和父母一起观看了电视上的新闻。watch观看 (动词原形)；watches观看（第三人称单数）；watched 观看（过去式）。根据“0 ne night when he was 11”可知 句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故选C。 28.B【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：父母和孩子们都很 担心食品安全。kid孩子；kids孩子们；kids'孩子们 的。根据“Parents and'”可知，此处用名词复数。故 选B。 29.C【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：那天晚上他睡不 着，因为他一直在想那些和他同龄却没有安全蔬菜的 孩子们。or或者；but但是；because因为。后句是前句 的原因，用because连接。故选C。 30.A【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他决定做些事情 来帮忙。todo做（动词不定式）；doing做（现在分 词)；do做（动词原形）。decide to do sth.“决定做某 事”，动词不定式做宾语。故选A。 31.C【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：最终，他 发明了一个工具。invented发明（过去式）；is invented 被发明（一般现在时的被动语态）；was invented被发 明（一般过去时的被动语态）。主语a tool和谓语 invent之间是被动关系，且动作发生在过去，用一般过 去时的被动语态。故选C。 32.B【解析】考查从句连接词辨析。句意：这个工具可 以快速显示结果，所以人们会知道食物是否安全。 what什么；whether是否；which哪一个。根据“the food was safe..”可知，该工具用来检测食物是否安全。故 选B。 33.A【解析】考查冠词辨析。句意：现在，作为一名大 学生，他做公开演讲并举办科学工作坊来分享他的研 究方法。a一个（用于辅音音素前）；an一个（用于元 音音素前)；the这个/那个（定冠词）。此处泛指“一名 大学生”，college以辅音音素开头。故选A。 34.A【解析】考查形容词/副词的词义和比较级。句 意：通过他的努力工作，越来越多的学生开始效仿他。 hard努力的；harder更努力的；hardly几乎不。根据 915北京市2025年初中学业水平考试 )14.A.compare B.connect C.study D.perform (时间：90分钟总分：60分)》 ( )15.A.cheerfully B.proudly C.nervously D.curiously 第一部分 ( )12.-Linda,do you know for the school ( )16.A.record B.rule C.interest D.tradition 本部分共33题，共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中，选出 trip this term? ( )17.A.served B.guided C.followed D.protected 最符合题目要求的一项。 -Yes.We are going to the Capital Museum. )18.A.trust B.company C.respect D.comfort 一、单项填空（每题0.5分，共6分） A.where we are going B.where we went )19.A.cheating B.excusing 从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以 C.where are we going D.where did we go C.doubting D.thanking 填入空白处的最佳选项。 二、完形填空（每题1分，共8分） )20.A.space B.wealth C.magic D.warmth ()1.My sister is good at singing. can even sing 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所 三、阅读理解（每题2分，共26分） some French songs 给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 (一)下列每个图片代表一处旅游目的地，请根据人物的旅 A.I B.He C.You D.She The New Year party was usually held at my aunt's house 行计划匹配最适合的图片，并将图片所对应的选项(A、B、 )2.These Chinese astronauts will stay in the space and my favorite part was the apple cake.At the age of 11, C、D)填在相应位置上，其中一个选项为多余选项。 station six months. when I first found out that my grandfather,who was never in A.at B.on C.to D.for the kitchen,was the master behind it,I was greatly 13. )3.-Mom, I go to the cinema with my And I thought that this was the perfect chance to get the classmates this Sunday afternoon? recipe(制作方法)，and that I could actually have a time to -Yes,of course you can 14 with him. A.can B.must C.need D.should Since then,I would go to my aunt's early on the morning )4.The National Library of China is public of New Year's Day,and we'd make the cake together library in Asia. happily.I was amazed that Grandpa could peel an apple in A.large B.larger one rind.And we'd mix everything and put it into the oven. C.largest D.the largest Once the cake was done,the house would immediately smell )5.-Steve, did you begin to learn how to like apples. play chess? I want to travel to Africa and see the animals But as I got older,so did Grandpa. I'd love to take lots of photos of elephants -About two years ago. 21 A.what B.when One New Year's Day,as I was taking out the apples giraffes and other animals.I'd like to try C.why D.where sleeping in a tent in the wild. )6.Janet has done a lot for us, from the shopping bag 15 as usual,he looked at me and Tina we want to write her a thank-you letter. said,“Sophia,what are you doing??” I'd like to go to North America.I love to walk in forests,climb trees and hike in the mountains A.or B.but C.so D.for I was shocked.I knew that he was beginning to forget 22 things,but I didn't think he would forget this.It was our Perhaps I could go birdwatching,too.I enjoy )7.Mary a picture when her dad got home Kevin exploring nature. l6.It was our time of bonding(联络感情).My heart yesterday evening. I've decided to tour Australia with my family A.draws B.was drawing ached."We're making the apple cake.You know,we always My plan is to go to the beach,swim in the sea 23 C.is drawing D.will draw make a cake on New Year's Day. and sit in the sun.Also,we're going to play )8.Charlie Nancy his grandparents every weekend. And he said,“Apple cake?Can you teach me?” volleyball on the beach. He loves them very much. Now,I was terrified(很害怕的).Still,II7 Grandpa (二)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的 A.visits B.was visiting in making the cake because I didn't want this tradition to die. A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项 C.will visit D.has visited But the whole time it just didn't feel the same. B )9.-Peter,did you play table tennis with your friends Fast-forward to this New Year,Grandpa was in hospital, When I was young,flowers filled flower bulb after school yesterday? and we'd have our family get-together there.To bring a bit of my mom's garden each spring.I never -No,I didn't.We vegetables in our 18 to the family,I decided to make the apple cake at thought that Mom had done much school garden. home by myself.But I was 19 myself the whole time.I about them behind the scenes(在幕 A.water B.have watered was afraid the cake was going to taste terrible because it 后)，until she shared her secret C.watered D.are going to water didn't have Grandpa's touch. with me. )10.Many international students to visit our At the hospital,everyone was surrounding()him, One day last November,Mom and I spent a whole morning school since last year. creating some 20.Grandpa looked down at the cake,and planting flower bulbs.I dropped one in each hole and covered A.are coming B.have come then looked back up at me and smiled.And I felt memories it over with soil.My fingers were numb(庥木的)by the time C.came D.will come of our shared moments flooding back to him. we finished.However,the ground looked just as empty and flat )11.Language learning apps by more and Even though he was in hospital,it felt like we had made as it had been before.Then Mom told me to wait.I didn't only more people these days. the cake together. wait -I watched.I watched hopefully all through the A.use B.used ( )13.A.surprised B.worried winter... C.are used D.were used C.scared D.satisfied -65- On the last day of April,I went outside to find the garden full of colorful flowers.Our hard work paid off. “My boy,tomorrow morning,”Mom said,“we will walk the neighborhood and leave a basket of flowers on each doorstep.” “What?"I almost cried.“Are we selling our flowers?” “Of course not,.”she said excitedly.“In fact,nobody will even know they're from us.We'll leave them at our neighbors' as a surprise.Doesn't that sound fun?" “Tome,it doesn't sound fun at all!”I replied unwillingly."They're our flowers.We should keep them for ourselves!” “Flowers are like kindness,”Mom said.“Their beauty is meant to be shared.” Early the next morning,Mom woke me up.We brought the baskets and stopped near the first house.I took one basket,set it by the doorstep and rang the bell.Then we quickly ran away,ducked behind the trees and waited. Finally,the door opened.A man came out,looking surprised.He picked up the flower basket and then smiled. Mom hugged me.I got a good feeling inside.Now I knew what she meant about beauty sharing.I couldn't wait to get to the next house. By the time we got home,I was grinning(咧着嘴笑)from ear to ear.The garden was empty,but my heart was full. ()24.How did the writer feel when he watched the garden during the winter? A.Empty.B.Excited.C.Hopeful.D.Bored. ()25.What happened to the baskets of flowers in the end? A.They were sold for pocket money. B.They were given to the neighbors. C.They were collected for recycling. D.They were put up on a flower show. )26.What made the writer's heart full? A.The joy of spreading kindness. B.The excitement of growing flowers. C.The honor of helping people in need. D.The happiness of getting close to nature. C Imagine a robot.What comes to your mind first?A machine stronger than the human body?However,this same quality is now causing a big problem-it's creating tons of long-lasting e-waste that could flood our planet.What if, instead,the machines we use were designed to break down and disappear-just as living things do? For a study published in Science Advances,researchers made a robotic arm and a controller using materials from animals and plants.These materials are strong enough to work but can easily break down in a natural environment.After testing,both parts were gone in soil within weeks. Biodegradable(可生物降解的)robotics often falls under the umbrella of soft robotics,which takes ideas from nature. "This field started in materials science and chemistry rather than traditional robots that come from mechanical(机械的) engineering,"says Florian Hartmann,a materials scientist from Germany.However,many early soft robotics models still used man-made materials that cause pollution. Wei,a scientist who studies natural materials in Hangzhou,worked together with his friend Zhang,a robotics engineer in Shanghai,to build robots for the new study.They started with cellulose(纤维素)taken from cotton..Then,they added glycerol()to make a new material that is soft and easy to change shapes.After that they allowed it to dry so it became strong,"Cellulose is cheap and easy to work with," says Wei.They found that the controller and the robotic arm stood up to both heavy use and a week of inactivity.Finally, they buried()them both in a hole.Within eight weeks these two parts were almost completely gone. Wei and Zhang expect that robots like these can be used to deal with dangerous waste and then disappear naturally. They also hope that such robots can aid doctors in operations and then safely break down inside the body. However,it's important to note that the technology is still in very early stages."If we truly want to have a biodegradable robot,Hartmann says,"we also need to make sure its electronics and power parts are biodegradable. ()27.What is special about the robotic arm and the controller in Paragraph 2? A.They are green. B.They are hard. C.They are intelligent. D.They are affordable. ( )28.What is mentioned in Paragraph 5 about soft robots? A.Their operation. B.Their applications. C.Their challenges. D.Their performance. )29.What can we learn from the passage? A.Soft robots are widely used to clean up e-waste. B.Soft robots have to rest for a week after heavy use. C.The designing of soft robots borrows ideas from nature. D.Mechanical engineering offers new ways to run soft robots. D People are talking a lot about artificial intelligence(AI), viewing it as a force that could reshape how society works.But there is something important missing from this discussion.It isn't enough to ask how it will change us.We also need to understand how we shape AI and what it can tell us about ourselves. Every AI model we develop mirrors our rules and expresses our beliefs.A few years ago,while looking for new -6 workers,a famous company gave up an AI-powered tool after )33.Which of the following is the best title for this finding it unfavorable to women.The AI was not designed to passage? behave this way,instead,it was influenced by the historical A.AI Isn't the Problem:We Are data(favoring men.Similarly,a recent study found B.AI:A Tool to Reshape Our Society that lending algorithms (often offer less favorable C.More Open Algorithms for Better AI? terms to people of color,worsening long-standing unfairness D.Building Trust in Human-AI Relationships in money-lending business.In both cases,AI isn't creating 第二部分 new biases().It is mirroring the ones that are already 本部分共5题，共20分。根据题目要求，完成相应任务。 present. These reflections()give us an important chance to 四、阅读表达（第34-36题每题2分，第37题4分，共10分） take a close look at ourselves.By making these problems 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 seen and more pressing,AI challenges us to recognize and We do everything in a hurry-finishing our meals, address what causes algorithmic bias.As Al continues to completing our tasks,running to the gyms...We choose fast develop,we must ask ourselves how we as average people living because we think we have no control of time.We try to want to shape its role in society.We should not only improve do as much as we can each day,checking off tasks on our to-do AI models,but also make sure that AI is developed and used lists.Living in a rush feels like we are always pressed for time. responsibly. Our way of thinking that is focused on speed values doing A number of companies are already taking action.They more over doing things well.For a long time,we have believed are judging the data,rules,and beliefs that shape the that speed means being productive and successful,and behavior of AI models.Still,we cannot expect the companies therefore,we keep rushing here and there in doing everything. to do all the work.As long as AI is trained on human data,it Yet from time to time,we find ourselves in a predicament( will reflect human behavior.That means we have to think that no matter how fast we go,we never seem to be quick carefully about the footprints of ourselves we leave in the enough to catch up with our endless tasks and goals. world.I may value privacy,but if I give it up in a heartbeat The Slow Movement thinks that the answer to our to visit a website,the algorithms may make a very different predicament is not to live faster,but to learn how to live judgment of what I really want and what is good for me.If I slower.The movement began with the Slow Food Program, want meaningful human connections yet spend more time on which was set up in 1986.It believed that we should fight social media and less time in the physical company of my friends,I am indirectly training AI models about the true against fast-food restaurants,protect traditional cooking,and nature of humanity. encourage people to enjoy preparing and eating food. As AI becomes more powerful,we need to take The belief finally spread from the Slow Food Program to increasing care to read our principles()into the record other parts of life.In 1999,it helped create Cittaslow-a of our actions rather than allowing the two to diverge. group focused on slowing down life in cities.This belief about Recognizing this allows us to make better decisions,but only slowing down quickly began to influence areas like work, when we are prepared to look closely and take responsibility travel,fashion,and living in general. for what we see. The main idea of the Slow Movement is to value quality )30.Why does the writer introduce the two examples over quantity（数量).Slow living is a lifestyle based on the in Paragraph 2? Slow Movement.Its goal is to free us from endless rush that A.To suggest a solution. stops us from enjoying moments of rest.Slow living encourages B.To stress a difference. us to live each moment whole-heartedly and give everything the C.To challenge a practice. time it needs,rather than try to do as many things as possible D.To support a viewpoint. )31.What does the word“diverge”in the last in every minute of our lives.Today,more people are drawn to the idea of the Slow Movement,thanks to social media sharing paragraph most probably mean? A.Improve. B.Appear. the many benefits of living slowly. C.Separate. D.Repeat. 34.Why do people choose fast living? )32.According to the passage,what is a good example of shaping AI responsibility? 35.What is the answer to our predicament,according to the A.Guarding one's privacy against AI models. Slow Movement? B.Being mindful of our feeds into AI models. C.Training algorithms to favor the latest data. 36.What is the main idea of the Slow Movement? D.Designing algorithms to deal with unfairness. 37.Which lifestyle do you prefer,fast living or slow living? Why?(Please give two reasons. 五、文段表达(10分) 从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据所给的中文和英文 提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出 的内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写 出真实的校名、姓名和地名。 题目① 假设你是李华，你们班的英语课正在开展研究性学习， 你选择研究同学们做家务的情况，为此你对班里40名同学 进行了问卷调查，下图是部分统计结果。请用英语写一篇 短文，简要说明图表内容，并对班级同学参与家务劳动提出 建议。 How often do you do housework? ☐Seldom ☐Sometimes 32 Usually 提示词语：show,chores,spend,tidy up,helpful 内容提示：·What can you learn from the results?? Offer some advice to your classmates on doing housework. I did a survey on my classmates doing housework. 题目② 假设你是李华，你校正在开展“书香校园”活动，英语 社团公众号打算做一期以“Dream Library'”为主题的推送， 为此在校内征集想法。请用英语给公众号留言，提出你的 设想，并简要说明它会带来哪些好处。 提示词语：recommend,new,experience,explore,interest 内容提示：·What is your dream library like? How can students benefit from your idea? I'm Li Hua from Class 1,Grade 9. I hope my dream will come true.Thanks.