Unit4 专题02 阅读理解【题型易-必考题型】2026-2027学年九年级上册英语第四单元测试题型特训（外研版·天津专用）

考前特训 专题02 阅读理解 第四单元测试题型特训（天津专用） 姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________ 内容提要 题型分析 解题指导 集中突破 一、题型定位 阅读理解是天津中考英语分值最高、耗时最长的题型，考查学生在有限时间内获取信息、推断含义、概括主旨的能力。每篇短文后附 5 道小题，四选一，既有可直接定位的细节题，也有需要跨段整合的推断题与主旨题。 本次特训共收录 8 篇短文、40 道小题，篇幅在 159—276 词之间。话题围绕“英雄与榜样”展开，涵盖梁启超《少年中国说》、各行各业的无名英雄、历史遗迹与英雄精神、全红婵的奥运故事、黄旭华与核潜艇、少年林浩助人、雷锋精神在中外普通人身上的延续，以及林语堂作为中西文化桥梁的一生。 二、命题特点 （1）细节题仍是主力：约一半题目可在原文中直接找到对应句，考的是“定位准不准”，而不是“读懂没读懂”。 （2）词义猜测题稳定出现：splash、secret、motivating、struggled 一类词，必须靠上下文同义复现或解释性短语破解，查词典思维最容易失分。 （3）标题与主旨题占比上升：每篇几乎都有一道“best title”或“main idea”，正答必须覆盖全文，范围过大或过小都是干扰项。 （4）文体以记叙与说明为主：写人记事类按时间线推进，说明类按“总—分—总”展开，读首尾段即可搭起框架。 （5）价值导向鲜明：所有语篇都在回答“什么样的人称得上英雄”，答题时的情感基调要与文本一致。 三、核心考点分布（基于本次特训 40 道小题梳理） 对 40 道小题逐题归类，考点分布如下： （1）细节理解（约 20 题）：如 Liang 写《少年中国说》的原因、全红婵首次夺冠的年龄、黄旭华隐姓埋名的年份，答案多为原文同义改写。 （2）词义猜测（约 4 题）：splash、secret、motivating、struggled，考查借助上下文、构词法与常识推断词义。 （3）标题与主旨（约 7 题）：如 History and Heroic Spirits Guide Our Growth、The Spirit of Lei Feng Never Dies，需概括全文而非某一段。 （4）推断与情感态度（约 5 题）：如从全红婵的话推断其性格、Edginton 被比作雷锋时的感受，答案须“言外之意”而非原句照抄。 （5）判断正误与篇章结构（约 4 题）：Which of the following is true、How does the writer develop the passage，前者逐项回文核对，后者看段落之间的关系。 一、四步解题法 第一步：先读题干，圈关键词。把人名、时间、地点、数字、引号内的词圈出来，带着目标读文，比通读全文再做题快一倍。 第二步：回文定位，找同义改写。原文与选项很少逐字相同，常见改写有同义词替换（fearless → not afraid）、词性转换、主被动互换，找到改写句即找到依据。 第三步：比对选项，排除三类干扰项——无中生有（文中没提）、张冠李戴（主体或时间错位）、范围失当（把一段的意思说成全文）。 第四步：主旨题与标题题最后做。读完 5 道题后全文脉络已经清楚，再判断哪一项能覆盖“人物 + 事件 + 意义”三要素。 二、结合本次特训题目的实战点拨 【点拨1】细节题·原因定位——以 Passage 1 题 1 为例：原文写道“out of love for his motherland”，紧接在 Liang wrote “The Young China” 之后，明确交代了写作动机。题问 Why did Liang Qichao write，四个选项中只有 Out of love for his motherland 与之对应；To make money、To teach English 属无中生有，To introduce Chinese history 范围过大。凡问“为什么”，先在动词后找 because、out of、in order to 一类标志词。 【点拨2】细节题·对比转折——以 Passage 2 题 1 为例：原文写道“we often think of movie stars or superheroes”，但前有 When we talk about heroes 限定，后有 But in real life, heroes are everywhere 转折。题目问的是“人们通常想到什么”，答案只能是 But 之前的内容；Firefighters、Environmental workers 是后文列举的真实英雄，属“张冠李戴”。做“人们通常认为”类题，一定盯住转折词之前的半句。 【点拨3】判断正误题——以 Passage 2 题 4 为例：原文写道“Ordinary people can also be heroes”，与选项 Ordinary people can also be heroes 完全对应。其余三项都能被原文否掉：Only famous people can be heroes 与全文反例矛盾，Heroes are people who do something big 与 Being a hero doesn’t mean doing something big 相反，Environmental heroes won’t face danger 文中未提。判断题必须逐项回文找“实锤”，四项中只有一项能找到原句支撑。 【点拨4】人物品质描述题——以 Passage 3 题 3 为例：原文写道“These fearless and selfless people protect people, stick to justice and fight for peace”，fearless 与 selfless 正是选项 fearless and selfless 的原词复现，故直接锁定。selfish and lazy、wealthy and casual、gentle and noisy 三个词组要么与原意相反，要么文中根本没有依据。形容人物的题，优先在原文找形容词原词或其同义改写。 【点拨5】词义猜测题·名词——以 Passage 4 题 4 为例：原文写道“with no splash on her first dive”，前文是 won the gold medal in the women’s 10-meter platform diving。跳水语境中，入水时“没有 splash”即“没有水花”，指的是水花溅起，故选“溅落”。A 消失术是把后文“water-splash disappearance technique”整体意译，D 泼打戏水带有随意玩水之意，都不符合竞技跳水的语境。猜词三步：看词性—看搭配—看上下文领域。 【点拨6】词义猜测题·形容词——以 Passage 5 题 2 为例：原文写道“the project was top secret”，后文紧接 Huang didn’t tell anyone, even his family, about his work，并用 disappeared for 30 years 作旁证。top secret 意为“绝密”，即“只有极少数人知道的事”。A、B、C 三项都描述“人们喜欢/想要/需要做的事”，与“连家人都不能说”的语境完全相悖。猜形容词要看它后面的解释句，解释句往往就是答案的另一种说法。 【点拨7】引语理解题——以 Passage 6 题 4 为例：原文写道“Sometimes a hero is just a person who stays when others leave”，这是班主任在表扬林浩时说的话，意思是英雄未必有勋章，能留下来帮忙的普通人就是英雄。Only winners can be heroes 与引语相反，Medals are of no use at all 把“不需要勋章”夸大成“勋章无用”，Children should never walk alone 属于过度引申。引语题只解释“这句话本身”，不加不减。 【点拨8】篇章结构题——以 Passage 7 题 4 为例：原文写道“you can always find his spirit in common (普通的) people”，随后依次讲了甘宇、曾强飞、Edginton 三个普通人的事例，因此文章是靠举例展开的，选 By giving examples。全文虽有年份和年龄，但并非以数据论证为主，故不选 By listing numbers；也没有连续设问，排除 By asking questions。判断结构题，看段与段之间是“并列举例”“因果推导”还是“时间推进”。 【点拨9】词义猜测题·动词——以 Passage 8 题 2 为例：原文写道“how Chinese people struggled and stayed strong during wartime”，struggle 与 stay strong 并列，且由 wartime 限定，意为“艰难奋斗、苦苦挣扎”，与 Worked hard 最接近。Gave up 与原意相反，Thought about、Learnt from 都无法与 during wartime 和 stayed strong 形成并列关系。并列连词 and 前后的词往往同向，这是猜动词最可靠的线索。 【点拨10】标题选择题——以 Passage 8 题 5 为例：原文写道“This helped him become a cultural bridge between the East and West”，全文既写他向外介绍中国文化，也写他向中国引入西方文化，双向并重，故 A Bridge Between East and West 最能覆盖全文。A Great Inventor 只覆盖打字机一段，A Man with Many Talents 只点出“多才”而未点明贡献，A Pioneer of Chinese Culture 只覆盖单方向。标题三原则：覆盖全文、点明主体、凸显价值。 三、易错提醒 • 忌“凭印象选”：细节题必须回到原文划出依据句，找不到依据的选项一律不选。 • 忌“以偏概全”：标题题与主旨题最易被“某一段的正确表述”骗走，务必看它能否覆盖全篇。 • 忌“过度推断”：推断题的答案仍须有原文支撑，不能凭常识补出文中没有的信息。 • 忌“忽略转折”：but、however、in fact 之后才是作者真正的观点，答题常在这里设坑。 • 忌“时间分配失衡”：单篇控制在 6—7 分钟，遇到卡住的题先标记跳过，最后回头再攻。 Passage 1 “The Young China” is one of the most famous works of Liang Qichao. As a well-known educator, Liang paid great attention to the development of China’s youth. He wrote many articles to encourage and inspire young people. The turn of the 20th century was China’s darkest moment. Liang wrote “The Young China” out of love for his motherland. He argued that the responsibility for China’s future lay with young people. They should take action to make the country energetic and strong. Below are the best-known lines from “The Young China” in the form of an essay. The sentences are short, but the feelings are strong. Liang called on young people to shoulder the responsibility for building a new China. Although it would be a hard task, China’s youth, he believed, would make history. The duty of the times falls on us youth alone. If we are intelligent, China will be intelligent; if we are strong, China will be strong. So beautiful is our young China, standing forever in the world! 1．Why did Liang Qichao write “The Young China”? A．To make money. B．Out of love for his motherland. C．To teach English. D．To introduce Chinese history. 2．What did Liang Qichao think of young people? A．They were too young to do anything. B．They should shoulder the responsibility for China’s future. C．They didn’t need to study hard. D．They should leave China. 3．What does Liang Qichao believe China’s youth would do? A．Make history. B．Travel abroad. C．Become famous writers. D．Build new schools. 4．What is the writing style of the famous lines? A．A story. B．An essay. C．A diary. D．A letter. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Liang Qichao was a famous writer. B．“The Young China” encourages young people to take responsibility. C．China was very poor in the 20th century. D．Young people should write poems. 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍梁启超及其作品《少年中国说》，讲述写作缘由、核心思想与文体形式，呼吁少年担负起振兴国家的重任。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“‘The Young China’ out of love for his motherland.”可知梁启超写这篇文章是出于对祖国的热爱。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“He argued that the responsibility for China’s future lay with young people.”可知梁启超认为年轻人应当承担起中国未来的责任。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第3段“China’s youth, he believed, would make history.”可知梁启超相信中国青年将会创造历史。 4．细节理解题。根据文章第3段“Below are the best-known lines from ‘The Young China’ in the form of an essay.”可知这些名句是以散文的形式呈现的。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要围绕《少年中国说》展开，说明该作品鼓励年轻人承担振兴国家的责任。 Passage 2 Different Kinds of Heroes When we talk about heroes, we often think of movie stars or superheroes. But in real life, heroes are everywhere. They are people who help others and make the world a better place. Medical heroes are one kind of heroes. During the COVID-19 pandemic, doctors and nurses worked day and night to save patients. They risked their own lives to help others. Many of them couldn’t go home to see their families for months. Firefighters are also heroes. They rush into burning buildings to save people and put out fires. They often face great danger, but they never give up. Every year, many firefighters get hurt or even lose their lives while doing their jobs. Another kind of heroes are environmental heroes. They work hard to protect the environment. For example, Wangari Maathai, a Kenyan woman, started the Green Belt Movement. She helped plant millions of trees to stop deforestation. She won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 for her work. Ordinary people can also be heroes. If you help an old person cross the street or donate money to charity, you are a hero too. Being a hero doesn’t mean doing something big. It means doing something good for others. 1．What do people often think of when they talk about heroes? A．Doctors and nurses. B．Movie stars or superheroes. C．Firefighters. D．Environmental workers. 2．What did medical heroes do during the COVID-19 pandemic? A．They planted millions of trees. B．They rushed into burning buildings. C．They worked day and night to save patients. D．They donated money to charity. 3．Who started the Green Belt Movement? A．Wangari Maathai. B．Yuan Longping. C．A firefighter. D．A doctor. 4．Which of the following is true according to the passage? A．Only famous people can be heroes. B．Heroes are people who do something big. C．Environmental heroes won’t face danger. D．Ordinary people can also be heroes. 5．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Heroes are everywhere in real life. B．Movie stars are real heroes. C．How to become a firefighter. D．The story of Wangari Maathai. 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了现实生活中不同类型的英雄，包括医疗英雄、消防英雄、环保英雄，同时提出普通人也可以成为英雄。 【详解】1．根据第一段第一句“When we talk about heroes, we often think of movie stars or superheroes.”可知，人们谈论英雄时常常想到电影明星或者超级英雄。 2．根据第二段第二句“During the COVID‑19 pandemic, doctors and nurses worked day and night to save patients.”可知，疫情期间医疗英雄夜以继日抢救病人。 3．根据第四段第三句“For example, Wangari Maathai, a Kenyan woman, started the Green Belt Movement.”可知，Wangari Maathai发起了绿带运动。 4．根据第五段第一句“Ordinary people can also be heroes.”可知，普通人也可以成为英雄，D选项表述正确。 5．文章开篇点明“But in real life, heroes are everywhere.”，后文列举各类英雄展开说明，全文主旨是现实生活中英雄无处不在。 Passage 3 History is the most precious treasure of human beings. Every passing year leaves valuable cultural remains for later generations. Ancient palaces, old statues and traditional silk art all record the life and wisdom of ancient kingdoms. Archaeologists devote themselves to historical research. They dig into ancient sites, study old objects and write detailed research materials. They help modern people walk through time and understand the stories behind historical relics. Although some historical mysteries cannot be solved yet, researchers never stop exploring. Throughout history, heroes have always appeared in difficult times. These fearless and selfless people protect people, stick to justice and fight for peace. They are ordinary people, but they make extraordinary choices. Their loyal and heroic spirits are unchanging with time. Modern teenagers should learn from history and heroes. History teaches us to cherish today’s peaceful life. Heroes teach us to be brave, responsible and kind. No matter how time changes, the value of history and heroic spirits will always guide us to grow. 1．What can ancient cultural remains tell us? A．The future development of society. B．The life and wisdom of ancient people. C．The way of being a researcher. D．The process of building modern cities. 2．What do archaeologists do in their work? A．Create new historical stories. B．Dig ancient sites and study old objects. C．Sell valuable ancient relics. D．Make cartoon videos for history. 3．Which words can best describe historical heroes? A．selfish and lazy B．fearless and selfless C．wealthy and casual D．gentle and noisy 4．What can teenagers learn from history and heroes? A．To never take responsibilities. B．To be brave, kind and responsible. C．To ignore traditional culture. D．To fear all difficulties in life. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．History and Heroic Spirits Guide Our Growth B．How to Become a Good Researcher C．The Changing of Modern Society D．The Mystery of Ancient Tombs 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．B 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了历史文化遗产的价值、考古学家的工作、英雄人物的精神以及历史和英雄精神对青少年成长的指导意义。 【详解】1．根据第一段“Ancient palaces, old statues and traditional silk art all record the life and wisdom of ancient kingdoms.”可知，古代文化遗迹记录了古代人的生活和智慧。 2．根据第二段“They dig into ancient sites, study old objects and write detailed research materials.”可知，考古学家挖掘古代遗址并研究古老物体。 3．根据第三段“These fearless and selfless people protect people, stick to justice and fight for peace.”可知，无畏和无私最能形容历史英雄。 4．根据第四段“Heroes teach us to be brave, responsible and kind.”可知，青少年可以从英雄身上学到勇敢、负责和善良。 5．通读全文，尤其是最后一段“No matter how time changes, the value of history and heroic spirits will always guide us to grow.”可知，文章主要讲述了历史和英雄精神指引我们成长。 Passage 4 On the evening of August 6th,Chinese diver Quan Hongchan won the gold medal (金牌) in the women’s 10-meter platform diving (10米跳台) at the 2024 Paris Olympics. She made a massive statement with no splash on her first dive of Tuesday’s women’s 10m platform diving finals. It was the twenty-second gold medal of the Chinese team this year. This gold medal was also Quan Hongchan’s second one at the 2024 Paris Olympics. She won another one with Chen Yuxi on July 31st. In 2021, she won her first Olympic gold medal when she was 14. In 2007, Quan Hongchan was one of five children born into a poor rural family in Zhanjiang, Guangdong. She started diving when she was 7 years old. She loved diving. She practiced for many hours every day. With the help of her coaches, she got better and better. Quan Hongchan did the amazing “water-splash disappearance technique”, pronounced “shui hua xiao shi shu” at Tokyo 2020, and won many prizes. She always says, “I can fail, but I will never give up. The most difficult challenge is that I had to change my routines. And I also had to cope with weight gains. But I had a lot of support from my coach who’s been giving me guidance and encouragement.” “The future should be thought about in the future,” she said. “And I should live in the present.” However, the saying goes, “It’s not how you start, it’s how you finish.” When she starts a diving competition with perfect 10s from all seven judges on her first jump, a lead like that is hard for any competitor to catch. 1．What can we get from Quan’s words? A．She is proud. B．She is dependent. C．She is honest. D．She is untidy. 2．How old was Quan Hongchan when she won her first Olympic gold medal? A．She was 14. B．She was 17. C．She was 20. D．She was 23. 3．Did Quan Hongchan win two Olympic gold medals for China in 2024? A．Yes, she did. B．No, she didn’t. C．We don’t know. D．Not mentioned. 4．What does the underlined word “splash” mean in Chinese? A．消失术 B．刊登 C．溅落 D．泼打戏水 5．Which one is TRUE according to the passage? A．“I can fail, and I will ever give up...” B．“It’s how you start, it’s not how you finish.” C．Quan Hongchan won three Olympic gold medals in total. D．Quan Hongchan won 22 Olympic gold medals in 2024. 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文讲述了全红婵在2024年巴黎奥运会夺得女子10米跳台金牌，这是她该届第二金。她来自广东农村，7岁开始训练，以“水花消失术”闻名。她克服体重等困难，坚持不懈，最终取得辉煌成就。 【详解】1．引文出自倒数第二段的自述：她要改动作、要控制体重，靠教练指导与鼓励一路坚持。“I can fail”是如实承认自己也会失败，“never give up”是绝不放弃。A proud 与“承认可能失败”相反，B dependent 与她长期刻苦训练不符，D untidy 与文意无关；C honest 对应她如实说出失败与难处、不掩饰不夸大。句中“never give up”体现的坚韧是核心精神，但选项中没有对应词，只能在四项中取最优。 2．第二段最后一句“In 2021, she won her first Olympic gold medal when she was 14.”表明，她在2021年获得首枚奥运金牌时是14岁。 3．第二段第一句“This gold medal was also Quan Hongchan’s second one at the 2024 Paris Olympics. She won another one with Chen Yuxi on July 31st.”表明，她在2024年巴黎奥运会共获得两枚金牌。 4．倒数第二段中提到的water-splash disappearance technique“水花消失术”以及跳水运动常识，“splash”在此处指入水时激起的水花，意为“溅落”。 5．第二段表明，她2021年获1金，2024年获2金，总共3枚奥运金牌，C项表述正确。 Passage 5 Huang Xuhua, known as the “Father of China’s Nuclear Submarine (核潜艇),” was one of China’s most important scientists. Born in 1926 in Guangdong Province, he studied hard and became an excellent engineer. In 1958, when China decided to build its first nuclear submarine, the country chose Huang to lead the project. At that time, China had very little knowledge of nuclear submarines. There were no foreign experts (专家) to help, and the country was short of special materials and machines. Huang and his team worked day and night to solve these problems. They did thousands of experiments and made many models before succeeding. For national safety, the project was top secret. Huang didn’t tell anyone, even his family, about his work. He once disappeared for 30 years without visiting home. His wife and children only knew he was doing important work for the country but didn’t know the details (详情). Finally, in 1970, they succeeded in building China’s first nuclear submarine. This was a great moment in China’s history. Huang’s work helped make China stronger and safer. Although he did such important work, Huang always remained modest (谦逊的). He never talked about his achievements and lived a simple life. In his later years, Huang received many honors (荣誉), but he always said, “I just did what every Chinese should do for our motherland.” 1．When did China decide to build its first nuclear submarine? A．In 1958. B．In 1970. C．In 1971. D．In 1988. 2．What does the underlined word “secret” mean in Paragraph 2? A．Something that people like to enjoy. B．Something that people want to experience. C．Something that people need to finish. D．Something that only a few people know. 3．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 2? A．It was really hard to build the first nuclear submarine. B．How Huang designed the first nuclear submarine. C．The importance of the first nuclear submarine. D．The support from Huang’s family. 4．What can we infer (推断) from the text? A．Huang learned a lot about nuclear submarines in foreign countries. B．The foreign experts were not friendly at that time. C．Huang was hard-working and loved our country very much. D．Huang succeeded in building China’s first nuclear submarine in his 70s. 5．What’s the best title for the text? A．China’s First Nuclear Submarine B．A Great Scientist: Huang Xuhua C．The Great Development of China D．The Long History of China 【答案】 1．A 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了“中国核潜艇之父”黄旭华的生平事迹，包括他领导中国第一艘核潜艇的研制过程、面对困难时的坚持、为国家保密30年不回家的奉献精神，以及他谦逊的品质。 【详解】1．由第一段最后一句“In 1958, when China decided to build its first nuclear submarine”可知，中国于1958年决定建造第一艘核潜艇。 2．由第二段“For national safety, the project was top secret. Huang didn’t tell anyone, even his family, about his work.”可知，这个项目是高度保密的，连家人都不知道，因此“secret”意为“只有少数人知道的事情”，对应D项。 3．第二段描述了当时中国对核潜艇知之甚少、没有外国专家帮助、缺乏材料和机器等困难，以及黄旭华和团队日夜工作、进行大量实验的过程，说明“建造第一艘核潜艇非常困难”。 4．第二段“Huang and his team worked day and night to solve these problems. They did thousands of experiments”说明他勤奋刻苦；第二段“He once disappeared for 30 years without visiting home”和最后一段“I just did what every Chinese should do for our motherland.”说明他把国家需要置于个人与家庭之上。A项与“There were no foreign experts to help”相反，B项原文只说没有外国专家帮助、并未评价其态度，D项“70多岁建成”与1970年建成、1926年出生的时间线不符。故选C。 5．全文围绕黄旭华的生平事迹展开，介绍了他领导核潜艇研制的贡献、保密30年的奉献精神和谦逊品质，B项“A Great Scientist: Huang Xuhua”准确概括了文章内容。 Passage 6 Last Sunday Lin Hao, a Grade 9 student, was walking past the park when he saw a small girl crying under a tree. She could not find her mother. Lin Hao sat down beside her and asked for her mother’s phone number. While he was calling, the girl’s face looked a little calmer. He did not know the way home, so he stayed with her until a woman ran towards them. “She is my daughter!” she shouted. The woman was so grateful that she gave Lin Hao a box of chocolates, but he did not take any. Later the head teacher heard the story and put it on the school noticeboard. “A hero does not need a medal,” the head teacher said. “Sometimes a hero is just a person who stays when others leave.” Lin Hao has said since then that he only did what anyone should do. But his classmates now call him the boy who stayed. 1．What was Lin Hao doing when he saw the girl? A．He was running in the park. B．He was walking past the park. C．He was sitting at home. D．He was selling chocolates. 2．What did Lin Hao do first? A．He called the girl’s mother. B．He took her home at once. C．He bought a chocolate. D．He left as quickly as he could. 3．What did the woman offer him? A．Some money. B．A box of chocolates. C．A gold medal. D．A new phone. 4．What do the head teacher’s words mean? A．A hero may be an ordinary person who helps. B．Only winners can be heroes. C．Medals are of no use at all. D．Children should never walk alone. 5．What is the best title of the passage? A．The boy who stayed. B．How to call a phone number. C．A girl who cried loudly. D．Buying chocolates in the park. 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了男孩林浩遇到走失小女孩后留下来陪伴她、联系她妈妈的故事，告诉我们普通人也可以成为英雄。 【详解】1．根据第一段中“Last Sunday Lin Hao, a Grade 9 student, was walking past the park when he saw a small girl crying under a tree.”可知，上周日九年级学生林浩正路过公园的时候，看见一个小女孩在树下哭，所以他当时正在路过公园。 2．根据第一段中“Lin Hao sat down beside her and asked for her mother’s phone number. While he was calling, the girl’s face looked a little safer.”可知，林浩在女孩身边坐下，询问她妈妈的电话号码，随后打电话联系女孩妈妈，这是选项中提到的最先做的事。 3．根据第二段中“The woman was so grateful that she gave Lin Hao a box of chocolates, but he did not take any.”可知，女孩妈妈十分感激林浩，于是送给林浩一盒巧克力，但是林浩没有收下。 4．根据第三段中“‘A hero does not need a medal,’ the head teacher said. ‘Sometimes a hero is just a person who stays when others leave.’”可知，校长认为英雄不需要奖牌，有时候英雄就是在别人离开的时候选择留下来的人，也就是英雄可以是伸出援手的普通人。 5．文章主要讲述了林浩在遇到走失的小女孩时，没有离开而是留下来陪伴女孩、帮她找到妈妈的故事，文中同学们之后称呼他“the boy who stayed”，这个称呼紧扣文章主线，能够概括文章核心故事。 Passage 7 It’s been more than sixty years since Lei Feng passed away, but his spirit is still alive. It keeps motivating young Chinese people. In fact, you can always find his spirit in common (普通的) people. On 5th September 2022, when an earthquake hit Luding, Sichuan, a 28-year-old hydropower station (水电站) worker Gan Yu chose not to leave but to stay at his workplace and save the villagers. People think he is a hero like Lei Feng, but he doesn’t think so. “Lei Feng is a good example to all young Chinese people. The things he did may seem small, but they are the right things that we all can do,” he said. Zeng Qiangfei, 27, is also from Sichuan. In 2013, when an earthquake hit his hometown, he was studying in a middle school. Zeng remembered seeing rescuers (救援者) help them there. ▲ After a terrible earthquake hit Türkiye and Syria, he flew there to help. During the rescue, he always saw local people bowing quietly to rescuers like them. “I grew up listening to Lei Feng’s stories. He was an excellent young man who tried his best to help others,” said Zeng. A 58-year-old British man named James Elroy Edginton lives in Hunan, the hometown of Lei Feng. He has the same idea. Working at a local college, Edginton helps students from poor families, and students call him “the foreign Lei Feng”. “People compare me to Lei Feng. It’s my pleasure. His spirit will never die,” he said. 1．What does the underlined word “motivating” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．Inspiring. B．Testing. C．Beating. D．Treating. 2．Which of the following can we put in “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 3? A．He was hurt badly and lost a leg in that earthquake. B．The earthquake lasted about a month. C．The rescuers went there with lots of food and daily things. D．When he grew up, he became a rescuer himself. 3．How does Edginton feel when people connect him with Lei Feng? A．Bored. B．Angry. C．Nervous. D．Proud. 4．How does the writer develop the passage? A．By listing numbers. B．By giving examples. C．By showing his ideas. D．By asking questions. 5．What’s the best title for the passage? A．The Ways of Helping Others B．The Spirit of Lei Feng Never Dies C．The Stories of Young Heroes D．Chinese Rescuers Are Everywhere 【答案】 1．A 2．D 3．D 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文通过甘宇、曾强飞和英国男子Edginton三个普通人的事例，说明雷锋精神在当代依然生生不息、激励着人们助人为乐。 【详解】1．本文第一段第二、三句“It keeps motivating young Chinese people. In fact, you can always find his spirit in common (普通的) people.”指出，雷锋精神一直“激励”着中国年轻人。motivating意为“激励、鼓舞”，与inspiring意思最接近。 2．文章第三段第三句“Zeng remembered seeing rescuers help them there.”指出，曾强飞记得看到救援者帮助他们；倒数第四句“After a terrible earthquake hit Türkiye and Syria, he flew there to help.”指出，后来他飞往土耳其和叙利亚参与救援。因此▲处应填“当他长大后，他自己也成了一名救援者”，与前后文形成时间上的承接。 3．第四段Edginton说“People compare me to Lei Feng. It’s my pleasure.”，pleasure 意为“荣幸、愉快”，说明他以被比作雷锋为荣；Bored、Angry、Nervous 都是负面情绪，与 his pleasure 相反。故选D。 4．文章第二段举了甘宇的例子，第三段举了曾强飞的例子，第四段举了Edginton的例子，通过三个具体事例来说明雷锋精神依然存在。 5．文章第一段第一句“It’s been more than sixty years since Lei Feng passed away, but his spirit is still alive.”点明主题，全文围绕“雷锋精神永不消逝”展开。B选项“The Spirit of Lei Feng Never Dies”最能概括全文主旨。 Passage 8 Imagine someone who could explain one culture to another, write stories that travelled across oceans, and even invent a machine to make the language difference smaller. That person was Lin Yutang—a writer, translator (翻译家), and inventor all in one. As a child, Lin often asked questions about life. He wanted to learn about the world his whole life. He first studied in Shanghai, then continued his studies at Harvard University, and later got his PhD in Germany. Living in both China and the West, Lin learned about different languages and ways of thinking. This helped him become a cultural bridge between the East and West. Lin worked hard to share Chinese culture with the world. He became a celebrated writer who loved telling stories about Chinese life. In books like My Country and My People, he introduced Chinese ideas and daily life to Western readers. He also wrote novels such as Moment in Peking and A Leaf in the Storm. These stories showed how Chinese people struggled and stayed strong during wartime. He also helped create a Chinese-English dictionary, which made it easier for people around the world to understand Chinese words. Lin also introduced Western culture to China. In 1924, he helped bring the idea of “humour” to the country. 　▲　 The Chinese word “幽默” was created from the English word. Lin believed that having a sense of humour showed a kind, open, and wise way of seeing life. His creativity didn’t stop with writing and translation. Facing the challenge of typing Chinese characters, Lin spent years designing a Chinese typewriter (打字机). In 1947, his MingKwai typewriter finally came out. It played an important role in language research. 1．Why is Lin’s education (教育) experience mentioned? A．To show he was a good student. B．To show how great the schools he stayed were. C．To tell why he started to spread Chinese culture. D．To tell why he could be a translator. 2．What does the underlined word “struggled” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Gave up. B．Worked hard. C．Thought about. D．Learnt from. 3．Which of the following can we put in “　▲　” in Paragraph 4? A．He even gave it a Chinese name. B．He stopped writing books at that time. C．He forgot the English word “humour”. D．He only taught Chinese to Western people. 4．What did Lin do to deal with the challenge of typing Chinese characters? A．He stopped his work in writing and translation. B．He spent years designing a Chinese typewriter. C．He bought a MingKwai typewriter in 1947. D．He focused on language research directly. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．Lin Yutang: A Great Inventor B．Lin Yutang: A Man with Many Talents C．Lin Yutang: A Bridge Between East and West D．Lin Yutang: A Pioneer of Chinese Culture 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文介绍了林语堂的求学经历、文学创作、文化传播和发明成就，展现了他多方面的才能。 【详解】1．第二段按“上海—哈佛—德国”的顺序讲求学经历，段末用“Living in both China and the West, Lin learned about different languages and ways of thinking. This helped him become a cultural bridge between the East and West.”收束，点明这段经历的作用。A“他是好学生”、B“学校有多好”原文无据；C“他开始传播中国文化的原因”把“成为桥梁的能力基础”当成“开始传播的动机”，属过度推断；D“他能成为翻译家的原因”与“通晓多种语言和思维方式→做翻译”这条因果链直接对应，最贴合。 2．根据第三段“These stories showed how Chinese people struggled and stayed strong during wartime.”可知，这些故事展现了中国人民在战争时期如何面对困难并保持坚强，因此struggled意为“努力奋斗”，与B项意思最接近。 3．根据空格前“In 1924, he helped bring the idea of ‘humour’ to the country.”以及空格后“The Chinese word ‘幽默’ was created from the English word.”可知，林语堂将humour的概念引入中国，并为其创造了中文名称“幽默”，A项“He even gave it a Chinese name.”与前后内容衔接紧密。 4．根据最后一段“Facing the challenge of typing Chinese characters, Lin spent years designing a Chinese typewriter.”可知，为了解决汉字打字的难题，林语堂花费多年时间设计中文打字机。 5．文章介绍了林语堂在东西方文化交流中的贡献，如向西方介绍中国文化、将西方幽默理念引入中国，因此C项“林语堂：东西方之间的桥梁”最能概括全文。 18 / 18乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $考前特训 专题02 阅读理解 第四单元测试题型特训（天津专用） 姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________ 内容提要 题型分析 解题指导 集中突破 一、题型定位 阅读理解是天津中考英语分值最高、耗时最长的题型，考查学生在有限时间内获取信息、推断含义、概括主旨的能力。每篇短文后附 5 道小题，四选一，既有可直接定位的细节题，也有需要跨段整合的推断题与主旨题。 本次特训共收录 8 篇短文、40 道小题，篇幅在 159—276 词之间。话题围绕“英雄与榜样”展开，涵盖梁启超《少年中国说》、各行各业的无名英雄、历史遗迹与英雄精神、全红婵的奥运故事、黄旭华与核潜艇、少年林浩助人、雷锋精神在中外普通人身上的延续，以及林语堂作为中西文化桥梁的一生。 二、命题特点 （1）细节题仍是主力：约一半题目可在原文中直接找到对应句，考的是“定位准不准”，而不是“读懂没读懂”。 （2）词义猜测题稳定出现：splash、secret、motivating、struggled 一类词，必须靠上下文同义复现或解释性短语破解，查词典思维最容易失分。 （3）标题与主旨题占比上升：每篇几乎都有一道“best title”或“main idea”，正答必须覆盖全文，范围过大或过小都是干扰项。 （4）文体以记叙与说明为主：写人记事类按时间线推进，说明类按“总—分—总”展开，读首尾段即可搭起框架。 （5）价值导向鲜明：所有语篇都在回答“什么样的人称得上英雄”，答题时的情感基调要与文本一致。 三、核心考点分布（基于本次特训 40 道小题梳理） 对 40 道小题逐题归类，考点分布如下： （1）细节理解（约 20 题）：如 Liang 写《少年中国说》的原因、全红婵首次夺冠的年龄、黄旭华隐姓埋名的年份，答案多为原文同义改写。 （2）词义猜测（约 4 题）：splash、secret、motivating、struggled，考查借助上下文、构词法与常识推断词义。 （3）标题与主旨（约 7 题）：如 History and Heroic Spirits Guide Our Growth、The Spirit of Lei Feng Never Dies，需概括全文而非某一段。 （4）推断与情感态度（约 5 题）：如从全红婵的话推断其性格、Edginton 被比作雷锋时的感受，答案须“言外之意”而非原句照抄。 （5）判断正误与篇章结构（约 4 题）：Which of the following is true、How does the writer develop the passage，前者逐项回文核对，后者看段落之间的关系。 一、四步解题法 第一步：先读题干，圈关键词。把人名、时间、地点、数字、引号内的词圈出来，带着目标读文，比通读全文再做题快一倍。 第二步：回文定位，找同义改写。原文与选项很少逐字相同，常见改写有同义词替换（fearless → not afraid）、词性转换、主被动互换，找到改写句即找到依据。 第三步：比对选项，排除三类干扰项——无中生有（文中没提）、张冠李戴（主体或时间错位）、范围失当（把一段的意思说成全文）。 第四步：主旨题与标题题最后做。读完 5 道题后全文脉络已经清楚，再判断哪一项能覆盖“人物 + 事件 + 意义”三要素。 二、结合本次特训题目的实战点拨 【点拨1】细节题·原因定位——以 Passage 1 题 1 为例：原文写道“out of love for his motherland”，紧接在 Liang wrote “The Young China” 之后，明确交代了写作动机。题问 Why did Liang Qichao write，四个选项中只有 Out of love for his motherland 与之对应；To make money、To teach English 属无中生有，To introduce Chinese history 范围过大。凡问“为什么”，先在动词后找 because、out of、in order to 一类标志词。 【点拨2】细节题·对比转折——以 Passage 2 题 1 为例：原文写道“we often think of movie stars or superheroes”，但前有 When we talk about heroes 限定，后有 But in real life, heroes are everywhere 转折。题目问的是“人们通常想到什么”，答案只能是 But 之前的内容；Firefighters、Environmental workers 是后文列举的真实英雄，属“张冠李戴”。做“人们通常认为”类题，一定盯住转折词之前的半句。 【点拨3】判断正误题——以 Passage 2 题 4 为例：原文写道“Ordinary people can also be heroes”，与选项 Ordinary people can also be heroes 完全对应。其余三项都能被原文否掉：Only famous people can be heroes 与全文反例矛盾，Heroes are people who do something big 与 Being a hero doesn’t mean doing something big 相反，Environmental heroes won’t face danger 文中未提。判断题必须逐项回文找“实锤”，四项中只有一项能找到原句支撑。 【点拨4】人物品质描述题——以 Passage 3 题 3 为例：原文写道“These fearless and selfless people protect people, stick to justice and fight for peace”，fearless 与 selfless 正是选项 fearless and selfless 的原词复现，故直接锁定。selfish and lazy、wealthy and casual、gentle and noisy 三个词组要么与原意相反，要么文中根本没有依据。形容人物的题，优先在原文找形容词原词或其同义改写。 【点拨5】词义猜测题·名词——以 Passage 4 题 4 为例：原文写道“with no splash on her first dive”，前文是 won the gold medal in the women’s 10-meter platform diving。跳水语境中，入水时“没有 splash”即“没有水花”，指的是水花溅起，故选“溅落”。A 消失术是把后文“water-splash disappearance technique”整体意译，D 泼打戏水带有随意玩水之意，都不符合竞技跳水的语境。猜词三步：看词性—看搭配—看上下文领域。 【点拨6】词义猜测题·形容词——以 Passage 5 题 2 为例：原文写道“the project was top secret”，后文紧接 Huang didn’t tell anyone, even his family, about his work，并用 disappeared for 30 years 作旁证。top secret 意为“绝密”，即“只有极少数人知道的事”。A、B、C 三项都描述“人们喜欢/想要/需要做的事”，与“连家人都不能说”的语境完全相悖。猜形容词要看它后面的解释句，解释句往往就是答案的另一种说法。 【点拨7】引语理解题——以 Passage 6 题 4 为例：原文写道“Sometimes a hero is just a person who stays when others leave”，这是班主任在表扬林浩时说的话，意思是英雄未必有勋章，能留下来帮忙的普通人就是英雄。Only winners can be heroes 与引语相反，Medals are of no use at all 把“不需要勋章”夸大成“勋章无用”，Children should never walk alone 属于过度引申。引语题只解释“这句话本身”，不加不减。 【点拨8】篇章结构题——以 Passage 7 题 4 为例：原文写道“you can always find his spirit in common (普通的) people”，随后依次讲了甘宇、曾强飞、Edginton 三个普通人的事例，因此文章是靠举例展开的，选 By giving examples。全文虽有年份和年龄，但并非以数据论证为主，故不选 By listing numbers；也没有连续设问，排除 By asking questions。判断结构题，看段与段之间是“并列举例”“因果推导”还是“时间推进”。 【点拨9】词义猜测题·动词——以 Passage 8 题 2 为例：原文写道“how Chinese people struggled and stayed strong during wartime”，struggle 与 stay strong 并列，且由 wartime 限定，意为“艰难奋斗、苦苦挣扎”，与 Worked hard 最接近。Gave up 与原意相反，Thought about、Learnt from 都无法与 during wartime 和 stayed strong 形成并列关系。并列连词 and 前后的词往往同向，这是猜动词最可靠的线索。 【点拨10】标题选择题——以 Passage 8 题 5 为例：原文写道“This helped him become a cultural bridge between the East and West”，全文既写他向外介绍中国文化，也写他向中国引入西方文化，双向并重，故 A Bridge Between East and West 最能覆盖全文。A Great Inventor 只覆盖打字机一段，A Man with Many Talents 只点出“多才”而未点明贡献，A Pioneer of Chinese Culture 只覆盖单方向。标题三原则：覆盖全文、点明主体、凸显价值。 三、易错提醒 • 忌“凭印象选”：细节题必须回到原文划出依据句，找不到依据的选项一律不选。 • 忌“以偏概全”：标题题与主旨题最易被“某一段的正确表述”骗走，务必看它能否覆盖全篇。 • 忌“过度推断”：推断题的答案仍须有原文支撑，不能凭常识补出文中没有的信息。 • 忌“忽略转折”：but、however、in fact 之后才是作者真正的观点，答题常在这里设坑。 • 忌“时间分配失衡”：单篇控制在 6—7 分钟，遇到卡住的题先标记跳过，最后回头再攻。 Passage 1 “The Young China” is one of the most famous works of Liang Qichao. As a well-known educator, Liang paid great attention to the development of China’s youth. He wrote many articles to encourage and inspire young people. The turn of the 20th century was China’s darkest moment. Liang wrote “The Young China” out of love for his motherland. He argued that the responsibility for China’s future lay with young people. They should take action to make the country energetic and strong. Below are the best-known lines from “The Young China” in the form of an essay. The sentences are short, but the feelings are strong. Liang called on young people to shoulder the responsibility for building a new China. Although it would be a hard task, China’s youth, he believed, would make history. The duty of the times falls on us youth alone. If we are intelligent, China will be intelligent; if we are strong, China will be strong. So beautiful is our young China, standing forever in the world! 1．Why did Liang Qichao write “The Young China”? A．To make money. B．Out of love for his motherland. C．To teach English. D．To introduce Chinese history. 2．What did Liang Qichao think of young people? A．They were too young to do anything. B．They should shoulder the responsibility for China’s future. C．They didn’t need to study hard. D．They should leave China. 3．What does Liang Qichao believe China’s youth would do? A．Make history. B．Travel abroad. C．Become famous writers. D．Build new schools. 4．What is the writing style of the famous lines? A．A story. B．An essay. C．A diary. D．A letter. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Liang Qichao was a famous writer. B．“The Young China” encourages young people to take responsibility. C．China was very poor in the 20th century. D．Young people should write poems. Passage 2 Different Kinds of Heroes When we talk about heroes, we often think of movie stars or superheroes. But in real life, heroes are everywhere. They are people who help others and make the world a better place. Medical heroes are one kind of heroes. During the COVID-19 pandemic, doctors and nurses worked day and night to save patients. They risked their own lives to help others. Many of them couldn’t go home to see their families for months. Firefighters are also heroes. They rush into burning buildings to save people and put out fires. They often face great danger, but they never give up. Every year, many firefighters get hurt or even lose their lives while doing their jobs. Another kind of heroes are environmental heroes. They work hard to protect the environment. For example, Wangari Maathai, a Kenyan woman, started the Green Belt Movement. She helped plant millions of trees to stop deforestation. She won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 for her work. Ordinary people can also be heroes. If you help an old person cross the street or donate money to charity, you are a hero too. Being a hero doesn’t mean doing something big. It means doing something good for others. 1．What do people often think of when they talk about heroes? A．Doctors and nurses. B．Movie stars or superheroes. C．Firefighters. D．Environmental workers. 2．What did medical heroes do during the COVID-19 pandemic? A．They planted millions of trees. B．They rushed into burning buildings. C．They worked day and night to save patients. D．They donated money to charity. 3．Who started the Green Belt Movement? A．Wangari Maathai. B．Yuan Longping. C．A firefighter. D．A doctor. 4．Which of the following is true according to the passage? A．Only famous people can be heroes. B．Heroes are people who do something big. C．Environmental heroes won’t face danger. D．Ordinary people can also be heroes. 5．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Heroes are everywhere in real life. B．Movie stars are real heroes. C．How to become a firefighter. D．The story of Wangari Maathai. Passage 3 History is the most precious treasure of human beings. Every passing year leaves valuable cultural remains for later generations. Ancient palaces, old statues and traditional silk art all record the life and wisdom of ancient kingdoms. Archaeologists devote themselves to historical research. They dig into ancient sites, study old objects and write detailed research materials. They help modern people walk through time and understand the stories behind historical relics. Although some historical mysteries cannot be solved yet, researchers never stop exploring. Throughout history, heroes have always appeared in difficult times. These fearless and selfless people protect people, stick to justice and fight for peace. They are ordinary people, but they make extraordinary choices. Their loyal and heroic spirits are unchanging with time. Modern teenagers should learn from history and heroes. History teaches us to cherish today’s peaceful life. Heroes teach us to be brave, responsible and kind. No matter how time changes, the value of history and heroic spirits will always guide us to grow. 1．What can ancient cultural remains tell us? A．The future development of society. B．The life and wisdom of ancient people. C．The way of being a researcher. D．The process of building modern cities. 2．What do archaeologists do in their work? A．Create new historical stories. B．Dig ancient sites and study old objects. C．Sell valuable ancient relics. D．Make cartoon videos for history. 3．Which words can best describe historical heroes? A．selfish and lazy B．fearless and selfless C．wealthy and casual D．gentle and noisy 4．What can teenagers learn from history and heroes? A．To never take responsibilities. B．To be brave, kind and responsible. C．To ignore traditional culture. D．To fear all difficulties in life. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．History and Heroic Spirits Guide Our Growth B．How to Become a Good Researcher C．The Changing of Modern Society D．The Mystery of Ancient Tombs Passage 4 On the evening of August 6th,Chinese diver Quan Hongchan won the gold medal (金牌) in the women’s 10-meter platform diving (10米跳台) at the 2024 Paris Olympics. She made a massive statement with no splash on her first dive of Tuesday’s women’s 10m platform diving finals. It was the twenty-second gold medal of the Chinese team this year. This gold medal was also Quan Hongchan’s second one at the 2024 Paris Olympics. She won another one with Chen Yuxi on July 31st. In 2021, she won her first Olympic gold medal when she was 14. In 2007, Quan Hongchan was one of five children born into a poor rural family in Zhanjiang, Guangdong. She started diving when she was 7 years old. She loved diving. She practiced for many hours every day. With the help of her coaches, she got better and better. Quan Hongchan did the amazing “water-splash disappearance technique”, pronounced “shui hua xiao shi shu” at Tokyo 2020, and won many prizes. She always says, “I can fail, but I will never give up. The most difficult challenge is that I had to change my routines. And I also had to cope with weight gains. But I had a lot of support from my coach who’s been giving me guidance and encouragement.” “The future should be thought about in the future,” she said. “And I should live in the present.” However, the saying goes, “It’s not how you start, it’s how you finish.” When she starts a diving competition with perfect 10s from all seven judges on her first jump, a lead like that is hard for any competitor to catch. 1．What can we get from Quan’s words? A．She is proud. B．She is dependent. C．She is honest. D．She is untidy. 2．How old was Quan Hongchan when she won her first Olympic gold medal? A．She was 14. B．She was 17. C．She was 20. D．She was 23. 3．Did Quan Hongchan win two Olympic gold medals for China in 2024? A．Yes, she did. B．No, she didn’t. C．We don’t know. D．Not mentioned. 4．What does the underlined word “splash” mean in Chinese? A．消失术 B．刊登 C．溅落 D．泼打戏水 5．Which one is TRUE according to the passage? A．“I can fail, and I will ever give up...” B．“It’s how you start, it’s not how you finish.” C．Quan Hongchan won three Olympic gold medals in total. D．Quan Hongchan won 22 Olympic gold medals in 2024. Passage 5 Huang Xuhua, known as the “Father of China’s Nuclear Submarine (核潜艇),” was one of China’s most important scientists. Born in 1926 in Guangdong Province, he studied hard and became an excellent engineer. In 1958, when China decided to build its first nuclear submarine, the country chose Huang to lead the project. At that time, China had very little knowledge of nuclear submarines. There were no foreign experts (专家) to help, and the country was short of special materials and machines. Huang and his team worked day and night to solve these problems. They did thousands of experiments and made many models before succeeding. For national safety, the project was top secret. Huang didn’t tell anyone, even his family, about his work. He once disappeared for 30 years without visiting home. His wife and children only knew he was doing important work for the country but didn’t know the details (详情). Finally, in 1970, they succeeded in building China’s first nuclear submarine. This was a great moment in China’s history. Huang’s work helped make China stronger and safer. Although he did such important work, Huang always remained modest (谦逊的). He never talked about his achievements and lived a simple life. In his later years, Huang received many honors (荣誉), but he always said, “I just did what every Chinese should do for our motherland.” 1．When did China decide to build its first nuclear submarine? A．In 1958. B．In 1970. C．In 1971. D．In 1988. 2．What does the underlined word “secret” mean in Paragraph 2? A．Something that people like to enjoy. B．Something that people want to experience. C．Something that people need to finish. D．Something that only a few people know. 3．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 2? A．It was really hard to build the first nuclear submarine. B．How Huang designed the first nuclear submarine. C．The importance of the first nuclear submarine. D．The support from Huang’s family. 4．What can we infer (推断) from the text? A．Huang learned a lot about nuclear submarines in foreign countries. B．The foreign experts were not friendly at that time. C．Huang was hard-working and loved our country very much. D．Huang succeeded in building China’s first nuclear submarine in his 70s. 5．What’s the best title for the text? A．China’s First Nuclear Submarine B．A Great Scientist: Huang Xuhua C．The Great Development of China D．The Long History of China Passage 6 Last Sunday Lin Hao, a Grade 9 student, was walking past the park when he saw a small girl crying under a tree. She could not find her mother. Lin Hao sat down beside her and asked for her mother’s phone number. While he was calling, the girl’s face looked a little calmer. He did not know the way home, so he stayed with her until a woman ran towards them. “She is my daughter!” she shouted. The woman was so grateful that she gave Lin Hao a box of chocolates, but he did not take any. Later the head teacher heard the story and put it on the school noticeboard. “A hero does not need a medal,” the head teacher said. “Sometimes a hero is just a person who stays when others leave.” Lin Hao has said since then that he only did what anyone should do. But his classmates now call him the boy who stayed. 1．What was Lin Hao doing when he saw the girl? A．He was running in the park. B．He was walking past the park. C．He was sitting at home. D．He was selling chocolates. 2．What did Lin Hao do first? A．He called the girl’s mother. B．He took her home at once. C．He bought a chocolate. D．He left as quickly as he could. 3．What did the woman offer him? A．Some money. B．A box of chocolates. C．A gold medal. D．A new phone. 4．What do the head teacher’s words mean? A．A hero may be an ordinary person who helps. B．Only winners can be heroes. C．Medals are of no use at all. D．Children should never walk alone. 5．What is the best title of the passage? A．The boy who stayed. B．How to call a phone number. C．A girl who cried loudly. D．Buying chocolates in the park. Passage 7 It’s been more than sixty years since Lei Feng passed away, but his spirit is still alive. It keeps motivating young Chinese people. In fact, you can always find his spirit in common (普通的) people. On 5th September 2022, when an earthquake hit Luding, Sichuan, a 28-year-old hydropower station (水电站) worker Gan Yu chose not to leave but to stay at his workplace and save the villagers. People think he is a hero like Lei Feng, but he doesn’t think so. “Lei Feng is a good example to all young Chinese people. The things he did may seem small, but they are the right things that we all can do,” he said. Zeng Qiangfei, 27, is also from Sichuan. In 2013, when an earthquake hit his hometown, he was studying in a middle school. Zeng remembered seeing rescuers (救援者) help them there. ▲ After a terrible earthquake hit Türkiye and Syria, he flew there to help. During the rescue, he always saw local people bowing quietly to rescuers like them. “I grew up listening to Lei Feng’s stories. He was an excellent young man who tried his best to help others,” said Zeng. A 58-year-old British man named James Elroy Edginton lives in Hunan, the hometown of Lei Feng. He has the same idea. Working at a local college, Edginton helps students from poor families, and students call him “the foreign Lei Feng”. “People compare me to Lei Feng. It’s my pleasure. His spirit will never die,” he said. 1．What does the underlined word “motivating” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．Inspiring. B．Testing. C．Beating. D．Treating. 2．Which of the following can we put in “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 3? A．He was hurt badly and lost a leg in that earthquake. B．The earthquake lasted about a month. C．The rescuers went there with lots of food and daily things. D．When he grew up, he became a rescuer himself. 3．How does Edginton feel when people connect him with Lei Feng? A．Bored. B．Angry. C．Nervous. D．Proud. 4．How does the writer develop the passage? A．By listing numbers. B．By giving examples. C．By showing his ideas. D．By asking questions. 5．What’s the best title for the passage? A．The Ways of Helping Others B．The Spirit of Lei Feng Never Dies C．The Stories of Young Heroes D．Chinese Rescuers Are Everywhere Passage 8 Imagine someone who could explain one culture to another, write stories that travelled across oceans, and even invent a machine to make the language difference smaller. That person was Lin Yutang—a writer, translator (翻译家), and inventor all in one. As a child, Lin often asked questions about life. He wanted to learn about the world his whole life. He first studied in Shanghai, then continued his studies at Harvard University, and later got his PhD in Germany. Living in both China and the West, Lin learned about different languages and ways of thinking. This helped him become a cultural bridge between the East and West. Lin worked hard to share Chinese culture with the world. He became a celebrated writer who loved telling stories about Chinese life. In books like My Country and My People, he introduced Chinese ideas and daily life to Western readers. He also wrote novels such as Moment in Peking and A Leaf in the Storm. These stories showed how Chinese people struggled and stayed strong during wartime. He also helped create a Chinese-English dictionary, which made it easier for people around the world to understand Chinese words. Lin also introduced Western culture to China. In 1924, he helped bring the idea of “humour” to the country. 　▲　 The Chinese word “幽默” was created from the English word. Lin believed that having a sense of humour showed a kind, open, and wise way of seeing life. His creativity didn’t stop with writing and translation. Facing the challenge of typing Chinese characters, Lin spent years designing a Chinese typewriter (打字机). In 1947, his MingKwai typewriter finally came out. It played an important role in language research. 1．Why is Lin’s education (教育) experience mentioned? A．To show he was a good student. B．To show how great the schools he stayed were. C．To tell why he started to spread Chinese culture. D．To tell why he could be a translator. 2．What does the underlined word “struggled” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Gave up. B．Worked hard. C．Thought about. D．Learnt from. 3．Which of the following can we put in “　▲　” in Paragraph 4? A．He even gave it a Chinese name. B．He stopped writing books at that time. C．He forgot the English word “humour”. D．He only taught Chinese to Western people. 4．What did Lin do to deal with the challenge of typing Chinese characters? A．He stopped his work in writing and translation. B．He spent years designing a Chinese typewriter. C．He bought a MingKwai typewriter in 1947. D．He focused on language research directly. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．Lin Yutang: A Great Inventor B．Lin Yutang: A Man with Many Talents C．Lin Yutang: A Bridge Between East and West D．Lin Yutang: A Pioneer of Chinese Culture 18 / 18乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $