专题02 阅读理解-【题型易-必考题型精练】2026-2027学年九上英语期中考前梯度特训（外研版·天津专用）

考前特训 专题02 阅读理解 期中考满分冲刺（天津专用） 姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________ 内容提要 题型分析 解题指导 集中突破 一、题型定位 阅读理解是天津中考英语分值最高的题型之一，旨在考查学生在语篇中获取信息、推断词义、理解主旨与作者态度、并进行简单推理判断的能力。本次特训共收录 8 篇短文、40 道小题，篇幅在 131—268 词之间，话题高度贴近九年级上册（外研版）单元主题，涵盖校园生活、榜样人物、理性消费、货币史、非遗传承、考古发现、口述历史、童年记忆等。 二、命题特点 （1）细节理解题占比最大：多数题目可在原文中找到同义复现或原词对应，定位准确即可直接作答。 （2）词义猜测与指代题稳定出现：常要求根据上下文推断生词或短语含义，如 puppet performer、bamboo strips、precious 等。 （3）推理判断题考查学生“读弦外之音”的能力：需结合语气词、转折词与全文主旨做出合理推断。 （4）主旨大意题多设在篇末：要求用一句话概括全文，选项常出现“以偏概全”或“过度拔高”的干扰。 （5）文化类语篇比重明显上升：中华传统文化（皮影、木版印刷、打铁花、历史地名）是天津考情的高频素材。 三、核心考点分布（基于本次特训 8 篇梳理） 通过对 40 道小题的归类，核心考点可归纳为以下五类： （1）细节定位（约 20 题）：题干关键词回原文扫读，锁定句后即得答案。 （2）词义/句意猜测（约 8 题）：借助同位、举例、对比等线索推断。 （3）推理判断（约 7 题）：综合多句信息或作者态度做出推断。 （4）主旨归纳（约 3 题）：排除片面项，选能涵盖全文的概括句。 （5）文化常识与语篇结构（约 2 题）：结合背景知识或段落功能作答。 一、四步解题法 第一步：先读题干，圈出关键词（人名、数字、专有名词、特殊疑问词），明确“找什么”。 第二步：带着关键词回原文扫读定位，找到对应句或段，切忌凭印象答题。 第三步：比对选项，注意“原词复现”往往是正确信号，而“偷换概念、以偏概全”是常见陷阱。 第四步：推理与主旨题要立足全文，用“代入法”检验选项是否能被文章支撑。 二、结合本次特训题目的实战点拨 【点拨1】细节定位题——以 Passage 1 题 1 为例：原文写道“In the moral (道德) education class, the headteacher asked the students a special question”。题干问故事发生在哪里，回原文找交代场景的介词短语 in the moral education class，与选项“in the moral education class”一一对应，故选 D。时间、地点类细节题先圈定题干疑问词，再找场景状语，切忌凭“开头在开学”的印象去选 at the end of the term。 【点拨2】原因推断题——以 Passage 2 题 3 为例：原文写道“Yuan Longping failed many times in his experiments”，紧接着 but he kept trying until he succeeded。题目问“为什么屡败仍继续实验”，依据只能落在上文列举的第一条品质“a hero should have a strong will”，故选“Because he had a strong will”。做原因题不要把结果当原因，也不要选“想出名”“有人帮忙”这类文中未出现的动机。 【点拨3】建议细节题——以 Passage 3 题 2 为例：原文写道“wait for 24 hours before making any expensive purchases”。题干问买贵重物品前作者的建议，原文的 wait for 24 hours 已经把做法说得很明确，同义转换为“Wait for 24 hours to think carefully”，故选 C。建议类细节题要盯住 first / second / finally 引出的具体动作，不要选文中未提的常识项。 【点拨4】文章出处题——以 Passage 4 题 5 为例：原文写道“Over the years, people have used different forms of money as a way to trade or save”。四个板块依次讲贝壳、金属硬币、纸币、数字货币的演变，通篇是“过去发生的事”，因此最可能出现在杂志的 Interesting history 栏目，故选 B。判断出处看三样：话题属性、时间线索、写作目的。 【点拨5】情感变化题——以 Passage 5 题 4 为例：原文写道“I felt less close to the art because people thought puppets were too old-fashioned”，后文又有“Then and there, my love for puppetry started to grow again”。把“小时候 loved it → 青少年 less close to it → 看演出后 loved it again → 如今 proud and determined”串成一条线，故选 D。情感变化题必须按时间顺序为每个阶段各找一句标志语，只抓一头必错。 【点拨6】文化常识细节题——以 Passage 6 题 1 为例：原文写道“dating back over 2,000 years to the Warring States Period (475 BC—221 BC)”。题干问竹简上的文字最早写于何时，dating back to 后面紧跟的就是答案，括号里的年代只是补充说明，故选“During the Warring States Period”。遇到带中文注释的文化词（竹简、战车）先别慌，答案往往就在注释前后的时间状语里。 【点拨7】标题归纳题——以 Passage 7 题 5 为例：原文写道“History is the most precious treasure of human beings”，这是全文的主题句，后文依次讲考古学家的付出、英雄的精神、青少年的成长。能同时覆盖“历史＋英雄＋成长”三个关键词的只有“History and Heroic Spirits Guide Our Growth”，故选 A。标题题要选覆盖面最广且不越界的一项，只对应某一段的一律排除。 【点拨8】情感态度题——以 Passage 8 题 4 为例：原文写道“At first, I felt lonely and missed my grandparents terribly”。题干问刚搬去城市时的感受，抓住 At first 这一时间标志，答案就是“Lonely and sad”，故选 B。做情感题要把“一开始”和“后来”分开看：后文的 got used to the busy city life 说的是适应之后，不能拿来回答“刚搬去时”。 三、易错提醒 • 忌“先入为主”：用自己常识代替原文信息，忽略文章实际表述。 • 忌“偷换概念”：选项看似眼熟，实则把 A 的细节安到 B 身上，要逐词比对。 • 忌“以偏概全”：用某一段的细节充当全文主旨，掉进局部陷阱。 • 忌“过度推断”：推理题必须“文章能支撑”，不能凭空加戏。 Passage 1 The new school year began. Everyone in the class was excited. They chatted happily about their vacation experiences and shared interesting stories. They all enjoyed themselves. In the moral (道德) education class, the headteacher asked the students a special question, “Why do you study?” The classroom immediately became quiet, and then several students raised their hands one after another to answer it. “I study for my father,” one student answered. “I study to learn the truth,” another replied. “I study to bring honour to the family,” some students simply answered like this. The headteacher saw a classmate sitting in his seat quietly, thinking. He walked to him and asked him to answer. The boy stood up and answered clearly and firmly (坚定地), “I study for the rise of China!” The headteacher was excited! He had never expected that a child in his teens would have such ambitions and dreams! He opened his eyes wide and asked again, “Tell me again. Why do you study?” “I study for the rise of China!” The whole class fell silent for a moment, and then the headteacher smiled with great satisfaction and praised him warmly, “Great! For the rise of China. We students should have such ambitions and dreams, and this classmate is our role model!” Who is this classmate? He is Zhou Enlai. He later studied hard to realise his dream and became the first Premier of the People’s Republic of China, devoting his whole life to the development and prosperity of China. 1．The story happened ________. A．at the end of the term B．when the students did exercises C．in the Moral Club after school D．in the moral education class 2．What is the correct order of what happened in the story? a. The headteacher saw a classmate thinking. b. Some students answered the question. c. The headteacher asked the students a special question. d. The teacher walked to the boy and asked him to answer. A．c-b-a-d B．c-a-d-b C．a-c-b-d D．d-a-b-c 3．What does the underlined word “praised” mean in Chinese? A．羡慕 B．责备 C．批评 D．表扬 4．What’s the best title for the story? A．The Headteacher’s Question. B．Students’ Five Different Answers. C．Study for the Rise of China. D．A Moral Education Class. 5．What can we infer from the passage? A．Zhou Enlai was a clever boy. B．The headteacher was Zhou’s uncle. C．Zhou was a boy with a big dream. D．The teacher made Zhou’s dream come true. Passage 2 Everyone has their own heroes. For some people, their heroes are family members or friends. For others, their heroes are famous people like scientists, singers, or actors. But what makes a person a hero in our hearts? First, a hero should have a strong will. When they face difficulties, they never give up easily. Yuan Longping failed many times in his experiments at first, but he kept trying until he succeeded. Second, a hero should be kind and helpful. They always think about others more than themselves. Norman Bethune worked day and night to save the wounded soldiers, even though it was very dangerous. Third, a hero should have a sense of duty. They do their best to do what they should do, no matter how hard it is. A hero doesn’t have to be famous. Even ordinary people can be heroes if they do something good for others. So we can all learn from heroes and try to be a hero in our own way. 1．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Everyone has their own heroes. B．What makes a person a hero. C．Famous heroes in the world. D．How to learn from heroes. 2．How many qualities of a hero are mentioned in the passage? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 3．Why did Yuan Longping keep doing experiments even after failing many times? A．Because he wanted to be rich and famous. B．Because he had a strong will. C．Because he got a lot of help from others. D．Because he had nothing else to do. 4．Which of the following is NOT a quality of a hero? A．Having a strong will. B．Being kind and helpful. C．Being famous and rich. D．Having a sense of duty. 5．What can we learn from the passage? A．Only famous people can be heroes. B．A hero must do something dangerous. C．Ordinary people can also be heroes. D．Heroes never face difficulties in their lives. Passage 3 Smart spending is a necessary skill for everyone, especially for teenagers who are just starting to handle their pocket money. It is not about never buying nice things, but about spending money on the right things at the right time. To develop this skill, here are three practical tips that you can easily follow in daily life. First, make a clear shopping list before going to the mall or the supermarket. Write down only the items you really need, such as school supplies or daily necessities. Avoid adding things that catch your eye but are not essential, like fancy snacks or trendy toys. This simple step can prevent you from buying unnecessary stuff on a whim. Second, wait for 24 hours before making any expensive purchases. Many people tend to buy costly items impulsively, but after a day of thinking, they often find that they don’t actually need those things. This waiting period gives you time to calm down and make a wise decision. Finally, keep a spending journal. Write down every penny you spend, including the amount, the item and the reason for buying it. At the end of each week, review your journal and see where your money has gone. This way, you can find out your bad spending habits and correct them in time. Smart spending helps you save money for future goals and avoid the regret of wasting money. It is a habit that will benefit you for a lifetime. 1．What should we write on the shopping list according to the passage? A．Fancy snacks and trendy toys. B．Only the items we really need. C．Expensive things we want to buy. D．Everything that catches our eye. 2．What does the writer advise us to do before buying expensive things? A．Ask our parents for advice. B．Check the quality of the items. C．Wait for 24 hours to think carefully. D．Compare prices in different stores. 3．The underlined phrase “on a whim” probably means “________” in Chinese. A．深思熟虑 B．一时冲动 C．精打细算 D．犹豫不决 4．We can know from the passage that ________. A．smart spending means never buying nice things B．a spending journal can help us correct bad spending habits C．teenagers don’t need to learn the skill of smart spending D．waiting for 24 hours before shopping doesn’t make sense 5．How is this passage organised? A．Topic → Tip → Significance. B．Problem → Cause → Solution. C．Comparison → Example → Conclusion. D．Opinion → Story → Suggestion. Passage 4 Over the years, people have used different forms of money as a way to trade or save. Seashells: It is said that the first kind of money was seashells. People used them as money around 3,000 years ago. Coins: Then, people learned to make metal coins, which were made of gold, silver, iron and so on. The earliest metal coins were made of gold. They were from Lydia (an ancient country), and were used around 600 BCE. Paper money: The first paper money, called jiaozi, appeared in China’s Song Dynasty. In the 1600s, banks of Sweden started giving out paper money. It has become popular around the world and is still used widely today. Digital money: Now, people often pay for things online. Digital money is a new form of money. 1．How many kinds of money are mentioned in the text? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 2．When did people use seashells as money? A．Around 600 years ago. B．Around 1,600 years ago. C．Around 3,000 years ago. D．Around 600 BCE. 3．What were the earliest metal coins made of? A．Gold. B．Silver. C．Iron. D．Copper. 4．Where did paper money first appear? A．In China. B．In Lydia. C．In Sweden. D．In Egypt. 5．In which part of a magazine can we probably read this text? A．Famous people. B．Interesting history. C．Popular sports. D．Animal world. Passage 5 Art in safe hands I’m Zhan Haojing, a high school student. I’m also a puppet performer. Look at this puppet. If I move my fingers, it will come to life! I was born into a family of Minnan puppet performers. My grandpa and my mum are both among the best. When I was little, I loved the amazing stories they told with their hands. However, things changed when I became a teenager. I felt less close to the art because people thought puppets were too old-fashioned. One day my mum showed me a performance by my grandpa’s teacher. The finely made puppets and their exciting movements brought back childhood memories. Then and there, my love for puppetry started to grow again. I posted my doubts about the future of puppetry online. To my surprise, the post was flooded with comments expressing warm feelings. A truth hit me — it was my responsibility to keep the art alive because the love for puppets was in my blood. The art will be popular again if young people are interested in it. So I held a puppet show at school. When I finished, I saw something surprising: the students were completely lost in the show. Their eyes were glued to the puppets. After a warm cheer, they came to ask where they could see more. The positive reply from the young viewers gave me more courage. Since then, my puppet shows have drawn more attention both from home and abroad. With more and more people joining in, I believe the special magic of this traditional art will last forever! 1．Why did Zhan Haojing feel less close to puppetry as a teenager? A．Her family stopped puppet performances. B．She was too busy with her schoolwork. C．People thought puppetry was too old-fashioned. D．She disliked the stories of puppets. 2．What is Zhan Haojing’s responsibility? A．To learn different kinds of traditional arts. B．To keep the traditional art of puppetry alive. C．To create new puppet shows for school students. D．To draw more attention from foreign countries. 3．Where did Zhan Haojing give her puppet show? A．At school B．In a big theatre C．At home D．Abroad 4．Which of the following shows how Zhan Haojing’s feelings changed? A．Doubtful → Hopeless → Interested → Uncertain B．Less close to it → Loved it → Worried → Doubtful C．Proud and determined → Loved it → Less close to it → Hopeless D．Loved it → Less close to it → Loved it again → Proud and determined 5．What does the title “Art in safe hands” mean? A．Only skilled hands can make beautiful puppets. B．The traditional puppetry art can be passed down well by young people. C．Puppet performers need to protect their hands carefully. D．Young people should learn to make puppets by hand. Passage 6 Chinese researchers have discovered the earliest known writings on horses, written on bamboo strips (竹简) dating back over 2,000 years to the Warring States Period (475 BC—221 BC). Five bamboo strips related to horses were found by Tsinghua University’s Research and Conservation Center. Experts say these are the earliest organized documents in China covering horse checking, animal care, training, and guidance. Associate Professor Shi Xiaoli said that during the Warring States Period, people often fought with chariots (战车), so knowing how to ride a horse was very important. The newly shared text about how to guide horses fills a long-time missing part in ancient Chinese writings about how to ride horses. Huang Dekuan, director of the center, noted that horses played an important role in ancient society. Better ways of training and raising horses helped people travel more easily, made the army stronger, supported cultural exchange, and pushed human society to grow. Researchers say that this discovery gives us useful information for studying ancient Chinese horse riding and the raising of animals. It also helps us learn about animal remains and the history of caring for sick animals. 1．When were the horse writings on bamboo strips first created? A．Around the Tang Dynasty. B．In the Han Dynasty. C．During the Warring States Period. D．About 1,000 years ago. 2．Why were horse riding skills important at that time? A．Horses were rare and expensive. B．People rode horses mainly for fun. C．Horses were used only for travel. D．Chariot fighting needed skilled riders. 3．What is the main idea of the fourth paragraph? A．Horses helped form early Chinese writing. B．Horses were difficult to raise in ancient society. C．Horses played many important roles in ancient China. D．Horses were used only for cultural exchange. 4．What would be the best structure of the passage? A．①/②③④/⑤ B．①②③④/⑤ C．①②/③④/⑤ D．①/②③④⑤ 5．What is the passage mainly about? A．How ancient Chinese cared for sick animals. B．A discovery that helps study ancient horse culture. C．Why bamboo strips were used for writing. D．The development of Chinese farming skills. Passage 7 History is the most precious treasure of human beings. Every passing year leaves valuable cultural remains for later generations. Ancient palaces, old statues and traditional silk art all record the life and wisdom of ancient kingdoms. Archaeologists devote themselves to historical research. They dig into ancient sites, study old objects and write detailed research materials. They help modern people walk through time and understand the stories behind historical relics. Although some historical mysteries cannot be solved yet, researchers never stop exploring. Throughout history, heroes have always appeared in difficult times. These fearless and selfless people protect people, stick to justice and fight for peace. They are ordinary people, but they make extraordinary choices. Their loyal and heroic spirits are unchanging with time. Modern teenagers should learn from history and heroes. History teaches us to cherish today’s peaceful life. Heroes teach us to be brave, responsible and kind. No matter how time changes, the value of history and heroic spirits will always guide us to grow. 1．What can ancient cultural remains tell us? A．The future development of society. B．The life and wisdom of ancient people. C．The way of being a researcher. D．The process of building modern cities. 2．What do archaeologists do in their work? A．Create new historical stories. B．Dig ancient sites and study old objects. C．Sell valuable ancient relics. D．Make cartoon videos for history. 3．Which words can best describe historical heroes? A．selfish and lazy B．fearless and selfless C．wealthy and casual D．gentle and noisy 4．What can teenagers learn from history and heroes? A．To never take responsibilities. B．To be brave, kind and responsible. C．To ignore traditional culture. D．To fear all difficulties in life. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．History and Heroic Spirits Guide Our Growth B．How to Become a Good Researcher C．The Changing of Modern Society D．The Mystery of Ancient Tombs Passage 8 When I was a child, I lived in a quiet small town with my grandparents. Everyone in the town knew each other, and life was slow and simple. I spent most of my free time playing outside with my friends. We used to climb the old banyan tree behind my house, catch fireflies in the summer evenings, and swim in the clear small river nearby. My grandma often made sweet osmanthus cookies for me, and my grandpa taught me how to fish with a homemade rod. Those days were full of joy without any worries. When I was ten, my parents took me to the city to live. I had to leave my friends and the small town behind. At first, I felt lonely and missed my grandparents terribly. But gradually, I made new friends at school and got used to the busy city life. Now I’m a high school student. Every summer vacation, I go back to the small town to visit my grandparents. The old banyan tree is still there, and the river is still clear. When I’m there, I feel like I’m a carefree child again. I will never forget those sweet childhood memories. 1．Where did the writer live when he was a child? A．In a big city. B．In a small town. C．In a mountain village. D．In a coastal city. 2．What did the writer NOT do in the small town? A．Climb the old banyan tree. B．Catch fireflies in the evening. C．Swim in the small river. D．Play computer games at home. 3．Who taught the writer how to fish? A．His father. B．His mother. C．His grandpa. D．His grandma. 4．How did the writer feel when he first moved to the city? A．Happy and excited. B．Lonely and sad. C．Angry and upset. D．Surprised and curious. 5．What does the writer do every summer? A．He goes back to the small town to visit his grandparents. B．He takes a trip with his parents to the countryside. C．He attends a summer camp with his new friends. D．He stays at home to study for exams. 18 / 18乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $考前特训 专题02 阅读理解 期中考满分冲刺（天津专用） 姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________ 内容提要 题型分析 解题指导 集中突破 一、题型定位 阅读理解是天津中考英语分值最高的题型之一，旨在考查学生在语篇中获取信息、推断词义、理解主旨与作者态度、并进行简单推理判断的能力。本次特训共收录 8 篇短文、40 道小题，篇幅在 131—268 词之间，话题高度贴近九年级上册（外研版）单元主题，涵盖校园生活、榜样人物、理性消费、货币史、非遗传承、考古发现、口述历史、童年记忆等。 二、命题特点 （1）细节理解题占比最大：多数题目可在原文中找到同义复现或原词对应，定位准确即可直接作答。 （2）词义猜测与指代题稳定出现：常要求根据上下文推断生词或短语含义，如 puppet performer、bamboo strips、precious 等。 （3）推理判断题考查学生“读弦外之音”的能力：需结合语气词、转折词与全文主旨做出合理推断。 （4）主旨大意题多设在篇末：要求用一句话概括全文，选项常出现“以偏概全”或“过度拔高”的干扰。 （5）文化类语篇比重明显上升：中华传统文化（皮影、木版印刷、打铁花、历史地名）是天津考情的高频素材。 三、核心考点分布（基于本次特训 8 篇梳理） 通过对 40 道小题的归类，核心考点可归纳为以下五类： （1）细节定位（约 20 题）：题干关键词回原文扫读，锁定句后即得答案。 （2）词义/句意猜测（约 8 题）：借助同位、举例、对比等线索推断。 （3）推理判断（约 7 题）：综合多句信息或作者态度做出推断。 （4）主旨归纳（约 3 题）：排除片面项，选能涵盖全文的概括句。 （5）文化常识与语篇结构（约 2 题）：结合背景知识或段落功能作答。 一、四步解题法 第一步：先读题干，圈出关键词（人名、数字、专有名词、特殊疑问词），明确“找什么”。 第二步：带着关键词回原文扫读定位，找到对应句或段，切忌凭印象答题。 第三步：比对选项，注意“原词复现”往往是正确信号，而“偷换概念、以偏概全”是常见陷阱。 第四步：推理与主旨题要立足全文，用“代入法”检验选项是否能被文章支撑。 二、结合本次特训题目的实战点拨 【点拨1】细节定位题——以 Passage 1 题 1 为例：原文写道“In the moral (道德) education class, the headteacher asked the students a special question”。题干问故事发生在哪里，回原文找交代场景的介词短语 in the moral education class，与选项“in the moral education class”一一对应，故选 D。时间、地点类细节题先圈定题干疑问词，再找场景状语，切忌凭“开头在开学”的印象去选 at the end of the term。 【点拨2】原因推断题——以 Passage 2 题 3 为例：原文写道“Yuan Longping failed many times in his experiments”，紧接着 but he kept trying until he succeeded。题目问“为什么屡败仍继续实验”，依据只能落在上文列举的第一条品质“a hero should have a strong will”，故选“Because he had a strong will”。做原因题不要把结果当原因，也不要选“想出名”“有人帮忙”这类文中未出现的动机。 【点拨3】建议细节题——以 Passage 3 题 2 为例：原文写道“wait for 24 hours before making any expensive purchases”。题干问买贵重物品前作者的建议，原文的 wait for 24 hours 已经把做法说得很明确，同义转换为“Wait for 24 hours to think carefully”，故选 C。建议类细节题要盯住 first / second / finally 引出的具体动作，不要选文中未提的常识项。 【点拨4】文章出处题——以 Passage 4 题 5 为例：原文写道“Over the years, people have used different forms of money as a way to trade or save”。四个板块依次讲贝壳、金属硬币、纸币、数字货币的演变，通篇是“过去发生的事”，因此最可能出现在杂志的 Interesting history 栏目，故选 B。判断出处看三样：话题属性、时间线索、写作目的。 【点拨5】情感变化题——以 Passage 5 题 4 为例：原文写道“I felt less close to the art because people thought puppets were too old-fashioned”，后文又有“Then and there, my love for puppetry started to grow again”。把“小时候 loved it → 青少年 less close to it → 看演出后 loved it again → 如今 proud and determined”串成一条线，故选 D。情感变化题必须按时间顺序为每个阶段各找一句标志语，只抓一头必错。 【点拨6】文化常识细节题——以 Passage 6 题 1 为例：原文写道“dating back over 2,000 years to the Warring States Period (475 BC—221 BC)”。题干问竹简上的文字最早写于何时，dating back to 后面紧跟的就是答案，括号里的年代只是补充说明，故选“During the Warring States Period”。遇到带中文注释的文化词（竹简、战车）先别慌，答案往往就在注释前后的时间状语里。 【点拨7】标题归纳题——以 Passage 7 题 5 为例：原文写道“History is the most precious treasure of human beings”，这是全文的主题句，后文依次讲考古学家的付出、英雄的精神、青少年的成长。能同时覆盖“历史＋英雄＋成长”三个关键词的只有“History and Heroic Spirits Guide Our Growth”，故选 A。标题题要选覆盖面最广且不越界的一项，只对应某一段的一律排除。 【点拨8】情感态度题——以 Passage 8 题 4 为例：原文写道“At first, I felt lonely and missed my grandparents terribly”。题干问刚搬去城市时的感受，抓住 At first 这一时间标志，答案就是“Lonely and sad”，故选 B。做情感题要把“一开始”和“后来”分开看：后文的 got used to the busy city life 说的是适应之后，不能拿来回答“刚搬去时”。 三、易错提醒 • 忌“先入为主”：用自己常识代替原文信息，忽略文章实际表述。 • 忌“偷换概念”：选项看似眼熟，实则把 A 的细节安到 B 身上，要逐词比对。 • 忌“以偏概全”：用某一段的细节充当全文主旨，掉进局部陷阱。 • 忌“过度推断”：推理题必须“文章能支撑”，不能凭空加戏。 Passage 1 The new school year began. Everyone in the class was excited. They chatted happily about their vacation experiences and shared interesting stories. They all enjoyed themselves. In the moral (道德) education class, the headteacher asked the students a special question, “Why do you study?” The classroom immediately became quiet, and then several students raised their hands one after another to answer it. “I study for my father,” one student answered. “I study to learn the truth,” another replied. “I study to bring honour to the family,” some students simply answered like this. The headteacher saw a classmate sitting in his seat quietly, thinking. He walked to him and asked him to answer. The boy stood up and answered clearly and firmly (坚定地), “I study for the rise of China!” The headteacher was excited! He had never expected that a child in his teens would have such ambitions and dreams! He opened his eyes wide and asked again, “Tell me again. Why do you study?” “I study for the rise of China!” The whole class fell silent for a moment, and then the headteacher smiled with great satisfaction and praised him warmly, “Great! For the rise of China. We students should have such ambitions and dreams, and this classmate is our role model!” Who is this classmate? He is Zhou Enlai. He later studied hard to realise his dream and became the first Premier of the People’s Republic of China, devoting his whole life to the development and prosperity of China. 1．The story happened ________. A．at the end of the term B．when the students did exercises C．in the Moral Club after school D．in the moral education class 2．What is the correct order of what happened in the story? a. The headteacher saw a classmate thinking. b. Some students answered the question. c. The headteacher asked the students a special question. d. The teacher walked to the boy and asked him to answer. A．c-b-a-d B．c-a-d-b C．a-c-b-d D．d-a-b-c 3．What does the underlined word “praised” mean in Chinese? A．羡慕 B．责备 C．批评 D．表扬 4．What’s the best title for the story? A．The Headteacher’s Question. B．Students’ Five Different Answers. C．Study for the Rise of China. D．A Moral Education Class. 5．What can we infer from the passage? A．Zhou Enlai was a clever boy. B．The headteacher was Zhou’s uncle. C．Zhou was a boy with a big dream. D．The teacher made Zhou’s dream come true. 【答案】 1．D 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了新学年开始后的道德教育课上，班主任问学生们“为什么而读书”，在听到周恩来“为中华之崛起而读书”的宏伟志向后，老师给予了高度赞扬，并号召大家向他学习的故事。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第二段“In the moral (道德) education class, the headteacher asked the students a special question...”可知，故事发生在道德教育课上。 2．细节理解题。根据文章发展顺序：首先是老师提问(c)；接着几名学生回答了问题(b)；然后老师看到一名同学在思考(a)；最后老师走到那个男孩面前让他回答(d)。故正确顺序为c-b-a-d。 3．词句猜测题。根据画线词所在句“The headteacher smiled with great satisfaction and praised him warmly”以及后文老师说的话“Great! ... this classmate is our role model!”可知，老师对学生的回答非常满意并给予了高度评价，因此“praised”意为“表扬”。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章围绕“为什么而读书”这一问题展开，重点突出了周恩来“为中华之崛起而读书”这一核心主题，这也是文章最引人注目的部分。 5．推理判断题。根据倒数第六段“He had never expected that a child in his teens would have such ambitions and dreams!”以及最后一段“He later studied hard to realise his dream...”可知，周恩来从小就是一个有远大梦想并为之努力的男孩。 Passage 2 Everyone has their own heroes. For some people, their heroes are family members or friends. For others, their heroes are famous people like scientists, singers, or actors. But what makes a person a hero in our hearts? First, a hero should have a strong will. When they face difficulties, they never give up easily. Yuan Longping failed many times in his experiments at first, but he kept trying until he succeeded. Second, a hero should be kind and helpful. They always think about others more than themselves. Norman Bethune worked day and night to save the wounded soldiers, even though it was very dangerous. Third, a hero should have a sense of duty. They do their best to do what they should do, no matter how hard it is. A hero doesn’t have to be famous. Even ordinary people can be heroes if they do something good for others. So we can all learn from heroes and try to be a hero in our own way. 1．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Everyone has their own heroes. B．What makes a person a hero. C．Famous heroes in the world. D．How to learn from heroes. 2．How many qualities of a hero are mentioned in the passage? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 3．Why did Yuan Longping keep doing experiments even after failing many times? A．Because he wanted to be rich and famous. B．Because he had a strong will. C．Because he got a lot of help from others. D．Because he had nothing else to do. 4．Which of the following is NOT a quality of a hero? A．Having a strong will. B．Being kind and helpful. C．Being famous and rich. D．Having a sense of duty. 5．What can we learn from the passage? A．Only famous people can be heroes. B．A hero must do something dangerous. C．Ordinary people can also be heroes. D．Heroes never face difficulties in their lives. 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文探讨了成为英雄的标准，列举了坚强意志、善良乐于助人和责任感三个品质，并指出普通人也可以成为英雄。 【详解】1．根据第一段“But what makes a person a hero in our hearts?”及第二段具体阐述的品质可知，文章主要讨论是什么造就了一个人心中的英雄。 2．根据第二段“First, a hero should have a strong will...Second, a hero should be kind and helpful...Third, a hero should have a sense of duty.”可知，文中明确提到了三种英雄品质。 3．根据第二段“First, a hero should have a strong will. When they face difficulties, they never give up easily. Yuan Longping failed many times...but he kept trying”可知，袁隆平坚持实验是因为他有坚强的意志。 4．根据第二段列出的三种品质及第三段“A hero doesn’t have to be famous.”可知，出名不是英雄必备的品质，其他三项均为文中提到的品质。 5．根据第三段“Even ordinary people can be heroes if they do something good for others.”可知，普通人只要为他人做好事也可以成为英雄。 Passage 3 Smart spending is a necessary skill for everyone, especially for teenagers who are just starting to handle their pocket money. It is not about never buying nice things, but about spending money on the right things at the right time. To develop this skill, here are three practical tips that you can easily follow in daily life. First, make a clear shopping list before going to the mall or the supermarket. Write down only the items you really need, such as school supplies or daily necessities. Avoid adding things that catch your eye but are not essential, like fancy snacks or trendy toys. This simple step can prevent you from buying unnecessary stuff on a whim. Second, wait for 24 hours before making any expensive purchases. Many people tend to buy costly items impulsively, but after a day of thinking, they often find that they don’t actually need those things. This waiting period gives you time to calm down and make a wise decision. Finally, keep a spending journal. Write down every penny you spend, including the amount, the item and the reason for buying it. At the end of each week, review your journal and see where your money has gone. This way, you can find out your bad spending habits and correct them in time. Smart spending helps you save money for future goals and avoid the regret of wasting money. It is a habit that will benefit you for a lifetime. 1．What should we write on the shopping list according to the passage? A．Fancy snacks and trendy toys. B．Only the items we really need. C．Expensive things we want to buy. D．Everything that catches our eye. 2．What does the writer advise us to do before buying expensive things? A．Ask our parents for advice. B．Check the quality of the items. C．Wait for 24 hours to think carefully. D．Compare prices in different stores. 3．The underlined phrase “on a whim” probably means “________” in Chinese. A．深思熟虑 B．一时冲动 C．精打细算 D．犹豫不决 4．We can know from the passage that ________. A．smart spending means never buying nice things B．a spending journal can help us correct bad spending habits C．teenagers don’t need to learn the skill of smart spending D．waiting for 24 hours before shopping doesn’t make sense 5．How is this passage organised? A．Topic → Tip → Significance. B．Problem → Cause → Solution. C．Comparison → Example → Conclusion. D．Opinion → Story → Suggestion. 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章核心对象是青少年明智消费技能，核心结论是明智消费受益终生，行文探讨了制定购物清单、等待24小时及记录消费日记三个实用建议。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“Write down only the items you really need”可推知，购物清单上应只写真正需要的物品。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第3段“wait for 24 hours before making any expensive purchases”可推知，购买贵重物品前建议等待24小时仔细思考。 3．词句猜测题。根据文章第2段“prevent you from buying unnecessary stuff on a whim”可推知，该短语指代非计划内的冲动购买行为。 4．细节理解题。根据文章第4段“find out your bad spending habits and correct them in time”可推知，消费日记能帮助纠正不良消费习惯。 5．篇章结构题。根据文章第1段“here are three practical tips”及第5段“Smart spending helps you save money”可推知，文章结构为话题引入到具体建议，再到意义总结。 Passage 4 Over the years, people have used different forms of money as a way to trade or save. Seashells: It is said that the first kind of money was seashells. People used them as money around 3,000 years ago. Coins: Then, people learned to make metal coins, which were made of gold, silver, iron and so on. The earliest metal coins were made of gold. They were from Lydia (an ancient country), and were used around 600 BCE. Paper money: The first paper money, called jiaozi, appeared in China’s Song Dynasty. In the 1600s, banks of Sweden started giving out paper money. It has become popular around the world and is still used widely today. Digital money: Now, people often pay for things online. Digital money is a new form of money. 1．How many kinds of money are mentioned in the text? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 2．When did people use seashells as money? A．Around 600 years ago. B．Around 1,600 years ago. C．Around 3,000 years ago. D．Around 600 BCE. 3．What were the earliest metal coins made of? A．Gold. B．Silver. C．Iron. D．Copper. 4．Where did paper money first appear? A．In China. B．In Lydia. C．In Sweden. D．In Egypt. 5．In which part of a magazine can we probably read this text? A．Famous people. B．Interesting history. C．Popular sports. D．Animal world. 【答案】 1．C 2．C 3．A 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了货币发展的不同形式，依次讲述贝壳、金属硬币、纸币以及数字货币的发展历史。 【详解】1．细节理解题。文本列举类别：文中依次出现Seashells、Coins、Paper money、Digital money四种货币，一共提到四种。 2．细节理解题。Seashells板块给出信息：“People used them as money around 3,000 years ago.”，这直接说明大约3000年前人们把贝壳当作货币使用。 3．细节理解题。Coins板块给出信息：“The earliest metal coins were made of gold.”，这直接说明最早的金属硬币是由黄金制成的，对应选项 A（Gold），故选A。 4．细节理解题。Paper money板块给出信息：“The first paper money, called jiaozi, appeared in China’s Song Dynasty.”，这直接说明纸币最早出现在中国。 5．文章出处题。本篇文章介绍货币的演变发展史，属于历史知识，最有可能出现在杂志的有趣历史板块。 Passage 5 Art in safe hands I’m Zhan Haojing, a high school student. I’m also a puppet performer. Look at this puppet. If I move my fingers, it will come to life! I was born into a family of Minnan puppet performers. My grandpa and my mum are both among the best. When I was little, I loved the amazing stories they told with their hands. However, things changed when I became a teenager. I felt less close to the art because people thought puppets were too old-fashioned. One day my mum showed me a performance by my grandpa’s teacher. The finely made puppets and their exciting movements brought back childhood memories. Then and there, my love for puppetry started to grow again. I posted my doubts about the future of puppetry online. To my surprise, the post was flooded with comments expressing warm feelings. A truth hit me — it was my responsibility to keep the art alive because the love for puppets was in my blood. The art will be popular again if young people are interested in it. So I held a puppet show at school. When I finished, I saw something surprising: the students were completely lost in the show. Their eyes were glued to the puppets. After a warm cheer, they came to ask where they could see more. The positive reply from the young viewers gave me more courage. Since then, my puppet shows have drawn more attention both from home and abroad. With more and more people joining in, I believe the special magic of this traditional art will last forever! 1．Why did Zhan Haojing feel less close to puppetry as a teenager? A．Her family stopped puppet performances. B．She was too busy with her schoolwork. C．People thought puppetry was too old-fashioned. D．She disliked the stories of puppets. 2．What is Zhan Haojing’s responsibility? A．To learn different kinds of traditional arts. B．To keep the traditional art of puppetry alive. C．To create new puppet shows for school students. D．To draw more attention from foreign countries. 3．Where did Zhan Haojing give her puppet show? A．At school B．In a big theatre C．At home D．Abroad 4．Which of the following shows how Zhan Haojing’s feelings changed? A．Doubtful → Hopeless → Interested → Uncertain B．Less close to it → Loved it → Worried → Doubtful C．Proud and determined → Loved it → Less close to it → Hopeless D．Loved it → Less close to it → Loved it again → Proud and determined 5．What does the title “Art in safe hands” mean? A．Only skilled hands can make beautiful puppets. B．The traditional puppetry art can be passed down well by young people. C．Puppet performers need to protect their hands carefully. D．Young people should learn to make puppets by hand. 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了高中生詹浩晶出身木偶戏世家，经历从喜爱到疏远再到重新热爱的心路历程，并通过校园演出传承传统艺术的故事。 【详解】1．根据原文第二段倒数第一、二句“However, things changed when I became a teenager. I felt less close to the art because people thought puppets were too old-fashioned.”可知，詹浩晶青少年时期疏远木偶戏是因为人们认为木偶戏太过老式。 2．根据原文第三段最后一句“A truth hit me — it was my responsibility to keep the art alive because the love for puppets was in my blood.”可知，她的责任是让木偶这门传统艺术延续下去。 3．根据原文第四段第二句“So I held a puppet show at school.”可知，詹浩晶在学校举办木偶表演。 4．通读全文，詹浩晶小时候喜爱木偶戏，青少年时期疏远它，后来重新爱上木偶戏，最后充满信心与决心传承这项艺术，对应情感变化：Loved it→Less close to it→Loved it again→Proud and determined，故选D。 5．整篇文章讲述年轻人詹浩晶传承木偶传统艺术，标题“Art in safe hands”意思是传统木偶艺术可以由年轻人很好地传承下去，其余选项只是局部信息，不能概括标题含义，故选B。 Passage 6 Chinese researchers have discovered the earliest known writings on horses, written on bamboo strips (竹简) dating back over 2,000 years to the Warring States Period (475 BC—221 BC). Five bamboo strips related to horses were found by Tsinghua University’s Research and Conservation Center. Experts say these are the earliest organized documents in China covering horse checking, animal care, training, and guidance. Associate Professor Shi Xiaoli said that during the Warring States Period, people often fought with chariots (战车), so knowing how to ride a horse was very important. The newly shared text about how to guide horses fills a long-time missing part in ancient Chinese writings about how to ride horses. Huang Dekuan, director of the center, noted that horses played an important role in ancient society. Better ways of training and raising horses helped people travel more easily, made the army stronger, supported cultural exchange, and pushed human society to grow. Researchers say that this discovery gives us useful information for studying ancient Chinese horse riding and the raising of animals. It also helps us learn about animal remains and the history of caring for sick animals. 1．When were the horse writings on bamboo strips first created? A．Around the Tang Dynasty. B．In the Han Dynasty. C．During the Warring States Period. D．About 1,000 years ago. 2．Why were horse riding skills important at that time? A．Horses were rare and expensive. B．People rode horses mainly for fun. C．Horses were used only for travel. D．Chariot fighting needed skilled riders. 3．What is the main idea of the fourth paragraph? A．Horses helped form early Chinese writing. B．Horses were difficult to raise in ancient society. C．Horses played many important roles in ancient China. D．Horses were used only for cultural exchange. 4．What would be the best structure of the passage? A．①/②③④/⑤ B．①②③④/⑤ C．①②/③④/⑤ D．①/②③④⑤ 5．What is the passage mainly about? A．How ancient Chinese cared for sick animals. B．A discovery that helps study ancient horse culture. C．Why bamboo strips were used for writing. D．The development of Chinese farming skills. 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国研究人员发现战国时期关于马匹的竹简文献，阐述了其内容、历史背景及研究价值。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第一段“dating back over 2,000 years to the Warring States Period (475 BC—221 BC)”可知，竹简上的文字创作于“战国时期”。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“during the Warring States Period, people often fought with chariots (战车), so knowing how to ride a horse was very important”可知，当时战车作战需要熟练的骑手，所以骑马技能很重要。 3．主旨大意题。第四段首句提到“horses played an important role in ancient society”，随后列举了出行、军队、文化交流等作用，概括了“马在古代中国扮演了许多重要角色”。 4．篇章结构题。第一段“Chinese researchers have discovered...”引出发现话题，第二至四段详细介绍竹简内容及马的历史背景，第五段“Researchers say that this discovery gives us useful information...”总结研究价值，结构为①/②③④/⑤。 5．主旨大意题。全文围绕清华大学发现的战国竹简中关于马的记载展开，最后一段指出这一发现“gives us useful information for studying ancient Chinese horse riding”，说明文章主要讲的是一个有助于研究古代马文化的发现。 Passage 7 History is the most precious treasure of human beings. Every passing year leaves valuable cultural remains for later generations. Ancient palaces, old statues and traditional silk art all record the life and wisdom of ancient kingdoms. Archaeologists devote themselves to historical research. They dig into ancient sites, study old objects and write detailed research materials. They help modern people walk through time and understand the stories behind historical relics. Although some historical mysteries cannot be solved yet, researchers never stop exploring. Throughout history, heroes have always appeared in difficult times. These fearless and selfless people protect people, stick to justice and fight for peace. They are ordinary people, but they make extraordinary choices. Their loyal and heroic spirits are unchanging with time. Modern teenagers should learn from history and heroes. History teaches us to cherish today’s peaceful life. Heroes teach us to be brave, responsible and kind. No matter how time changes, the value of history and heroic spirits will always guide us to grow. 1．What can ancient cultural remains tell us? A．The future development of society. B．The life and wisdom of ancient people. C．The way of being a researcher. D．The process of building modern cities. 2．What do archaeologists do in their work? A．Create new historical stories. B．Dig ancient sites and study old objects. C．Sell valuable ancient relics. D．Make cartoon videos for history. 3．Which words can best describe historical heroes? A．selfish and lazy B．fearless and selfless C．wealthy and casual D．gentle and noisy 4．What can teenagers learn from history and heroes? A．To never take responsibilities. B．To be brave, kind and responsible. C．To ignore traditional culture. D．To fear all difficulties in life. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．History and Heroic Spirits Guide Our Growth B．How to Become a Good Researcher C．The Changing of Modern Society D．The Mystery of Ancient Tombs 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．B 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了历史文化遗产的价值、考古学家的工作、英雄人物的精神以及历史和英雄精神对青少年成长的指导意义。 【详解】1．根据第一段“Ancient palaces, old statues and traditional silk art all record the life and wisdom of ancient kingdoms.”可知，古代文化遗迹记录了古代人的生活和智慧。 2．根据第二段“They dig into ancient sites, study old objects and write detailed research materials.”可知，考古学家挖掘古代遗址并研究古老物体。 3．根据第三段“These fearless and selfless people protect people, stick to justice and fight for peace.”可知，无畏和无私最能形容历史英雄。 4．根据第四段“Heroes teach us to be brave, responsible and kind.”可知，青少年可以从英雄身上学到勇敢、负责和善良。 5．通读全文，尤其是最后一段“No matter how time changes, the value of history and heroic spirits will always guide us to grow.”可知，文章主要讲述了历史和英雄精神指引我们成长。 Passage 8 When I was a child, I lived in a quiet small town with my grandparents. Everyone in the town knew each other, and life was slow and simple. I spent most of my free time playing outside with my friends. We used to climb the old banyan tree behind my house, catch fireflies in the summer evenings, and swim in the clear small river nearby. My grandma often made sweet osmanthus cookies for me, and my grandpa taught me how to fish with a homemade rod. Those days were full of joy without any worries. When I was ten, my parents took me to the city to live. I had to leave my friends and the small town behind. At first, I felt lonely and missed my grandparents terribly. But gradually, I made new friends at school and got used to the busy city life. Now I’m a high school student. Every summer vacation, I go back to the small town to visit my grandparents. The old banyan tree is still there, and the river is still clear. When I’m there, I feel like I’m a carefree child again. I will never forget those sweet childhood memories. 1．Where did the writer live when he was a child? A．In a big city. B．In a small town. C．In a mountain village. D．In a coastal city. 2．What did the writer NOT do in the small town? A．Climb the old banyan tree. B．Catch fireflies in the evening. C．Swim in the small river. D．Play computer games at home. 3．Who taught the writer how to fish? A．His father. B．His mother. C．His grandpa. D．His grandma. 4．How did the writer feel when he first moved to the city? A．Happy and excited. B．Lonely and sad. C．Angry and upset. D．Surprised and curious. 5．What does the writer do every summer? A．He goes back to the small town to visit his grandparents. B．He takes a trip with his parents to the countryside. C．He attends a summer camp with his new friends. D．He stays at home to study for exams. 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者童年时在小镇与祖父母生活的快乐时光，十岁时搬去城市后的感受，以及现在每年暑假回小镇看望祖父母的故事，表达了对童年美好回忆的怀念。 【详解】1．根据第一段“When I was a child, I lived in a quiet small town with my grandparents.”可知，作者小时候住在小镇。 2．根据第一段中“We used to climb the old banyan tree behind my house, catch fireflies in the summer evenings, and swim in the clear small river nearby.”可知，作者做过爬树、捉萤火虫和游泳，文中未提及在家玩电脑游戏。 3．根据第一段“...and my grandpa taught me how to fish with a homemade rod.”可知，是爷爷教作者钓鱼。 4．根据第二段“At first, I felt lonely and missed my grandparents terribly.”可知，作者刚搬到城市时感到孤独和难过。 5．根据第二段“Every summer vacation, I go back to the small town to visit my grandparents.”可知，作者每年暑假都会回小镇看望祖父母。 18 / 18乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $