专题01 语法选择【题型易-必考题型】第五单元测试题型特训（广东专用）2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册
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内容正文：
考前特训
专题01 语法选择 第五单元测试题型特训（广东专用）
姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________
内容提要
题型分析
解题指导
集中突破
一、题型定位
“语法选择”属于“语言知识运用”板块，每篇短文留出 10 个空，每个空给出 A、B、C 三个选项。它不考孤立的语法条文，而是把语法点放进语篇里考：三个选项往往是同一词类的不同形态（如 go / going / went、a / an / the、big / bigger / biggest），必须结合句意、搭配和上下文才能定夺。它检验的是“在真实语境中运用语法规则”的能力，是广东中考英语的必考基础题型，也是九年级第五单元复习的重点突破项。
二、命题形式与题量
以“短文 + 设空”的形式呈现，每篇短文设 10 个空，每空三选一；本次特训共 8 篇、80 题，正文词数在 149–200 词之间。短文题材紧扣九年级第五单元“ inventions / 中国制造 / 科技与生活”主题（电视与电脑的发展、油纸伞的传说、北京大兴机场、少年发明家、机器狗、3D 打印少年、汽车设计与云厨房等），设空覆盖被动语态、时态、非谓语动词、形容词与副词、名词、冠词、介词、代词与连词从句等核心语法。
三、核心考点分布（基于本次特训 80 题梳理）
通过逐题梳理本次特训的 80 道题，考点集中在以下八类：
（1）被动语态（7 题，约 9%）：本单元核心语法，重点考查一般过去时与一般现在时的被动语态（be + done），如 was invented、were made、is admired，以及 be known as（被称为）一类被动结构。
（2）时态辨析（9 题，约 11%）：一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时的判定，标志词包括 in 1946、on 25th September 2019、since then、in recent years、now 等。
（3）非谓语动词（8 题，约 10%）：介词后接动名词（instead of doing、spend…doing），固定句型 It is + adj. + to do、encourage sb. to do、help (to) do、would like to do 等。
（4）形容词与副词（12 题，约 15%）：比较级（than）、最高级（the + 最高级）、原级（as…as）以及词性转换（形容词/副词修饰动词用 -ly，作表语/定语用形容词）。
（5）名词的数与词性（8 题，约 10%）：单数、复数（fields / photos / designers）、不可数名词（room 表空间）以及名词与形容词/副词的词性转换。
（6）冠词（9 题，约 11%）：a / an / the 的语境判定，关键看其后单词的发音——a useful / an hour；特指用 the，最高级前必加 the。
（7）介词及固定搭配（7 题，约 9%）：in / on / for / as / of 的语境，以及 as a result、be known as、play an important role in、such as 等固定搭配。
（8）代词、连词、从句与特殊句式（20 题，约 25%）：人称/物主/反身代词的主宾格与修饰功能；and / but / because / when / if 等并列与从句连词；There be 句型、宾语从句（that / what）与 What / How 引导的感叹句。这是占比最高、最考验综合句法的一类。
四、难度与趋势
整体难度中等，短文话题新颖、贴近科技与生活，很适合作为九年级第五单元复习的“保分区”：单个空大多只考一个语法点，三选项常呈“原形 / 过去式 / 分词”或“形容词 / 名词 / 副词”的形态梯度，辨清成分与词性即可得分。近年趋势是“强化语境、突出单元重点”——本单元集中考查被动语态（见考点一），凡见 by 短语、be 动词后接分词、或“被……”语义，优先考虑被动；连词与句间逻辑合计占四分之一以上，是性价比最高、最该拿稳的分数块；冠词题则要养成“看发音、不看首字母”的习惯。
一、四步解题法
第一步：先通读短文，抓时态与大意。开头一两句通常完整，藏着全文的“时态底色”（通篇是一般现在时还是叙述过去的经历）和人物关系，先读通再下笔。
第二步：看空格前后，先定词性。空格在名词前多半是物主代词或冠词；在动词后作宾语，考虑名词/代词/动名词；修饰动词或形容词，找副词；空格前有 several / these / many，立刻想复数。
第三步：三项比对，抓“搭配 + 语境 + 形态”。固定搭配（be known as、as a result、instead of doing、encourage sb. to do）优先；本单元重点看被动语态信号（by 短语、be + 分词）；没有搭配时，看上下文的原词复现与前后句逻辑。
第四步：代回原句读一遍，检查形态与逻辑。把选项放回空处默读，重点看主谓是否一致、单复数是否吻合、被动语态 be 与过去分词是否齐备、前后句逻辑（并列/转折/因果/条件）是否通畅。
二、结合本次特训题目的实战点拨
【点拨1】被动语态 be known as——以 Passage 1 题 1 为例：原文写道 “Have you ever heard of cloud kitchens”，空处位于 “They are also ___ as ghost kitchens” 中。空前的 are 提示本句为被动结构，考查固定搭配 be known as（被称为、作为……而出名），know 的过去分词为 known，故选 C。提示：见到 be 动词后接空、或句中有 by 短语（如 by China、by many people），优先考虑被动语态 be + done；本单元被动题集中在一般过去时（was / were + done）与一般现在时（is / am / are + done）。
【点拨2】时态判定（一般过去时）——以 Passage 2 题 3 为例：原文 “It took five years to build the airport”，空处位于 “it finally ___ on 25th September, 2019” 中。时间状语 on 25th September, 2019 明确指向过去，且全文用一般过去时叙述，open 的过去式为 opened，故选 A。提示：时态题先找标志词——in 1946 / on…2019 / once / a few months ago 用过去时，since then / in recent years / now 用完成时或现在时；主从句时态要保持一致。
【点拨3】被动语态 was made——以 Passage 3 题 8 为例：原文 “Lu Ban was surprised”，空处位于 “He found that the object ___ of silk and bamboo” 中。主语 the object 与动词 make 是被动关系，且上下文为一般过去时，故用一般过去时的被动语态 was made，故选 B。提示：被动语态结构为 be + 过去分词；be 动词的单复数、时态要与主语和语境匹配，过去式用 was / were。
【点拨4】感叹句 How 引导——以 Passage 4 题 10 为例：原文 “I think more inventions will appear in the future”，前文空处为 “___ useful the inventions are!”。空格后中心词 useful 是形容词，符合感叹句 “How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语” 结构，应用 How 引导，故选 C。提示：感叹句看空格后的中心词——中心词是形容词或副词用 How，是名词（尤其单数可数）用 What / What a；How 后不接名词。
【点拨5】名词复数（several + 复数）——以 Passage 5 题 1 为例：原文 “These days, cars are designed using computers”，空处位于 “several ___ talk about the new car” 中。several（几个）后必须接可数名词复数，design 指人用 designers，故选 B。提示：several / many / these / 大于 1 的数词后一律用复数；注意 designer 的复数是 designers，不是 designer’s（所有格）。
【点拨6】非谓语动词（encourage sb. to do）——以 Passage 6 题 6 为例：原文 “While most 10-year-olds spend their free time playing”，空处位于 “she encouraged him ___ and save for it himself” 中。固定搭配 encourage sb. to do sth.（鼓励某人做某事）要求用不定式 to work，故选 C。提示：非谓语题先辨标志词——介词（of / in / for / at）后接 -ing；It is + adj. / encourage / want / would like 后接 to do；love / like / enjoy 后接 -ing。
【点拨7】被动语态 is admired（一般现在时）——以 Passage 7 题 9 为例：原文 “Technology may be cold”，空处位于 “the young inventor ___ by many people in his hometown” 中。by many people 为被动标志，时间状语 Now 提示一般现在时，主语 inventor 为单数，故用 is admired，故选 C。提示：by 短语几乎必考被动；一般现在时被动用 is / am / are + done，注意主语单复数决定 be 的形式。
【点拨8】被动语态 were made（复数过去时）——以 Passage 8 题 1 为例：原文 “Chinese soldiers are now welcoming some new partners”，空处位于 “They ___ by China” 中。主语 They 为复数，且“由中国制造”发生在过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态 were made，故选 C。提示：被动题中先判语态（by 短语 / 被……语义），再判时态与 be 的单复数——复数主语的过去被动用 were，单数用 was。
三、易错提醒
• 被动语态是第五单元重中之重：见 be 后接空或句中有 by 短语，先想 be + done；注意 was / were 与主语单复数、时态的匹配。
• 冠词题看发音不看首字母：a useful、a university 虽以元音字母开头却用 a；an hour、an honest 用 an；最高级前必加 the。
• 非谓语动词莫混：介词后接 -ing（instead of doing），It is + adj. / encourage / want / would like 后接 to do。
• 名词题分清单数、复数与所有格（field / fields / field’s、photo / photos），several / many / 数字后用复数。
• 比较级看 than、最高级看 the…est、原级看 as…as；much / far 等可修饰比较级，不能修饰原级。
• 选完代回原句默读一遍，重点查主谓是否一致、被动 be 与过去分词是否齐备、前后逻辑（and / but / because / if）是否连得上。
Passage 1
Have you ever heard of “cloud kitchens”? They are also 1 as ghost kitchens (虚拟厨房). Unlike traditional restaurants, a cloud kitchen is a professional food preparation facility (设施) built 2 delivery (配送)—only meals. There is no dining area for customers to eat in.
The business 3 very quickly in recent years because of the popularity of food delivery apps. For startup (初创企业) owners, it’s much 4 to open a cloud kitchen than a traditional restaurant because they don’t have to worry about the location and environment. They can focus 5 on the food quality.
However, 6 biggest challenge for them is how to make their food stand out online. They need to take good 7 of their food and design creative online menus to attract customers. If you 8 a delicious meal from a small kitchen online, it might be from a cloud kitchen. It 9 that our eating habits are changing because of technology. Would you like 10 one?
1．A．know B．knew C．known
2．A．for B．to C．with
3．A．grows B．has grown C．will grow
4．A．cheap B．cheaper C．cheapest
5．A．completely B．completed C．completing
6．A．a B．an C．the
7．A．photo B．photos C．photoes
8．A．order B．will order C．ordered
9．A．show B．showed C．shows
10．A．try B．to try C．trying
Passage 2
Imagine this: Thousands of people come and go, travelling to different places. Robots work here and there 1 people. Does it sound like 2 small town from the future? It is, in fact, the Beijing Daxing International Airport.
It took five years to build the airport and it finally 3 on 25th September, 2019. Lying in the south of Beijing, it is the world’s 4 traffic centre. It is quite large both in size and its ability to carry passengers.
It has the world’s largest terminal building (航站楼). The building has an area of 780,000 square metres—the size of 109 football 5 . It plays an important role 6 Beijing’s transport systems.
The airport has got the attention of people around the world 7 it uses new technologies that make it smarter and work faster. These technologies 8 the travel experience for all passengers greatly. For example, airport bag-tracking (追踪) technology allows passengers to track their bags with 9 by using a mobile app. The airport will also use a robot-controlled parking (停车) system. Drivers only need to park their cars in some places. Robots will then carry 10 to a spare space.
1．A．help B．to help C．helping
2．A．a B．an C．the
3．A．opened B．opens C．have opened
4．A．large B．larger C．largest
5．A．field B．fields C．field’s
6．A．in B．on C．for
7．A．because B．so C．but
8．A．have improved B．improves C．was improving
9．A．easy B．ease C．easily
10．A．they B．them C．their
Passage 3
The oil-paper umbrella has a history of over 1,000 years in China. 1 different stories about the invention of the umbrella in China. The most popular one has something to do with Lu Ban. It’s said that once he and his wife 2 the West Lake, it started raining suddenly. His wife said, “Let’s have 3 competition. Before sunrise tomorrow, the one who comes up with a better way to visit the West Lake even 4 rainy days will be the winner.” Lu Ban thought 5 it was easy. He collected some tools and materials. Then he spent the whole night building pavilions (亭子) around the lake.
The next morning, 6 Lu Ban talked about his achievements and felt proud, his wife held something unusual in her hand. 7 could be opened into a round shape. Lu Ban was surprised. He found that the object 8 of silk and bamboo. It was light and easy 9 . Lu Ban said, “You win. Your invention can protect us from rain better.”
Later, people began to use paper, which was 10 than silk. To make the umbrella waterproof (防水的), people brushed a kind of oil on the surface. So the oil-paper umbrella appeared.
1．A．There are B．It is C．They are
2．A．visit B．are visiting C．visited
3．A．the B．a C．an
4．A．on B．with C．in
5．A．if B．that C．how
6．A．though B．before C．when
7．A．It B．Its C．Itself
8．A．made B．was made C．was making
9．A．carry B．carrying C．to carry
10．A．cheap B．cheaper C．the cheapest
Passage 4
The first TV was invented by an English scientist, John Baird, in 1926. The invention helped people watch films at home instead of 1 to the cinema as before.
At first, TV only had black-and-white pictures. Several years later, colored TV made the pictures lively. However, they were heavy and thick, so it was 2 to move them. Then, digital (数字) TV was invented. They are light and thin. As 3 result, many TV programs are available (可获得的). At present, the IPTV can be used by people to record and replay programs.
The first modern computer 4 in America in 1946. It was as 5 as a room. In the 1950s, desktop computers (台式电脑) were invented in the same 6 . They became smaller and could be put on the desk. Since then, they 7 very important in many fields. 8 the 1970s, the computers were single. It was the Internet that joined the computers into a big family, so they could share information with one another. Around 1985, laptops (笔记本) were developed in Japan. They were 9 smaller and could be put on people’s laps. They were light and easy to take.
10 useful the inventions are! I think more inventions will appear in the future.
1．A．to go B．going C．go
2．A．difficult B．difficulty C．difficultly
3．A．the B．an C．a
4．A．was invented B．invent C．invents
5．A．bigger B．big C．biggest
6．A．country B．countries C．country’s
7．A．become B．became C．have become
8．A．In B．At C．From
9．A．more B．many C．much
10．A．What B．How a C．How
Passage 5
These days, cars are designed using computers. Let’s look at how a new car is created.
First, several 1 talk about the new car and good ideas that they have. Then they sit down at their computers and 2 many sketches (草图). 3 best two or three drawings are chosen and then more detailed drawings of cars are developed on the computer. You can change the size, shape or color of any part on the computer to see 4 the car would look like and then you can choose the best design.
Both the inside 5 the outside of the car have to be designed. Part of the inside of the car is 6 so that the designers can sit in it. They can feel if there is enough 7 inside and if they can reach everything. Then some cars are built—there are more than 15,000 parts of a car to be tested.
When everything is known to be 8 , the cars are made in the factory. Again, computers are used to make sure 9 all the parts are ready as they are needed. The factory usually stays 10 all through the night so that the car production never stops.
1．A．designer B．designers C．designer’s
2．A．draw B．drew C．to draw
3．A．A B．The C．/
4．A．how B．if C．what
5．A．or B．nor C．and
6．A．build B．built C．building
7．A．rooms B．rooms’ C．room
8．A．safe B．safer C．safely
9．A．that B．if C．how
10．A．opened B．open C．opening
Passage 6
While most 10-year-olds spend their free time playing, Ernesto Gael Hernandez is busy running his own 3D printing business. He dreams of buying his mum a house someday.
At first, Ernesto only made custom keychains (定制钥匙链) for his classmates for 1 . Soon, more people wanted to buy his products, 2 his hobby slowly became a business. Now, he makes and sells colourful custom items 3 keychains and small toys that can help people relax.
The idea first 4 just a few months ago. Ernesto told his mother 5 he wanted to make money with 3D printing. Instead of simply buying him a machine, she encouraged him 6 and save for it himself. “My mum said that I could save up 7 more money,” Ernesto explained.
After saving $500, Ernesto bought his first printer and started his business. He quickly realized there was 8 real demand for his products. So, Ernesto began working with a local clothing store to sell his creations.
Every day, Ernesto works hard to balance school and his business. It is tiring, but he 9 a lot through it.
For Ernesto, the business is not only about money. He hopes his hard work will bring his mother a much 10 life in the future.
1．A．fun B．funny C．funnily
2．A．or B．but C．and
3．A．along with B．for example C．such as
4．A．took shape B．takes shape C．has taken shape
5．A．what B．that C．whether
6．A．work B．working C．to work
7．A．I B．my C．mine
8．A．a B．an C．the
9．A．grows B．is grown C．are grown
10．A．good B．better C．best
Passage 7
At the age of 15, Chen Yue, a middle school student, became interested in AI. He hoped to become 1 useful young man instead of wasting time on games like some teenagers.
One day, he saw his grandmother trying to read small words 2 a medicine bottle. 3 she was old and found it hard to see clearly, he decided to design a smart machine to turn text into speech.
Chen worked hard. He learned programming by himself and spent many nights 4 different designs. His parents worried he was pushing himself too hard, but they still supported 5 warmly. After six months, he finally made it. The machine worked as 6 as they had expected.
When he showed 7 invention to his grandmother, she was surprised. To share his experience, he then 8 a speech at school. “The amount of your efforts decides how far you can go,” he said.
Now, the young inventor 9 by many people in his hometown. A local company even offered to help produce his machine. He believes AI can do far more than reading. Technology may be cold. but 10 warm it becomes when we use it to care for others! He will keep trying to help more people in need.
1．A．a B．an C．the
2．A．in B．on C．above
3．A．Because B．If C．Unless
4．A．test B．to test C．testing
5．A．he B．him C．himself
6．A．well B．better C．good
7．A．a B．the C．/
8．A．gave B．gives C．will give
9．A．admires B．admired C．is admired
10．A．how B．what C．what a
Passage 8
Chinese soldiers are now welcoming some new partners—robot dogs. They 1 by China. They showed their amazing skills at a joint exercise (联合演习) in May 2024.
During the joint exercise, Chinese team members were able to control a robot dog called Go2 from far away. It quickly checked for obstacles (障碍物). With cameras on 2 head, Go2 can send videos back to people.
Go2 is also very small. It weighs only 15 kilograms. It can do things 3 jumping and even lying down—just like a real dog. It can work for two to four hours at a time 4 it needs a “rest”.
The robot dog, B1, is 5 than Go2. It carries a gun on its back and can shoot when it 6 to do so. It can carry things as heavy as 80 kilograms on its back.
The robot dogs can help soldiers with dangerous 7 , such as going through rainforests or other unknown environments. Their help can stop more soldiers from getting hurt.
Robot dogs play 8 important role in many other areas. During the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou in 2023, robot dogs helped 9 and return the thrown discuses (铁饼). Robot dogs can also save lives. Some robot dogs can see 10 in the fire thanks to their special cameras.
1．A．is made B．was made C．were made
2．A．it B．its C．itself
3．A．like B．along C．into
4．A．so B．before C．or
5．A．heavier B．heaviest C．heavy
6．A．orders B．was ordered C．is ordered
7．A．task B．tasks C．task’s
8．A．/ B．a C．an
9．A．to find B．finding C．found
10．A．clear B．clearer C．clearly
18 / 18乐思英语
学科网（北京）股份有限公司
$考前特训
专题01 语法选择 第五单元测试题型特训（广东专用）
姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________
内容提要
题型分析
解题指导
集中突破
一、题型定位
“语法选择”属于“语言知识运用”板块，每篇短文留出 10 个空，每个空给出 A、B、C 三个选项。它不考孤立的语法条文，而是把语法点放进语篇里考：三个选项往往是同一词类的不同形态（如 go / going / went、a / an / the、big / bigger / biggest），必须结合句意、搭配和上下文才能定夺。它检验的是“在真实语境中运用语法规则”的能力，是广东中考英语的必考基础题型，也是九年级第五单元复习的重点突破项。
二、命题形式与题量
以“短文 + 设空”的形式呈现，每篇短文设 10 个空，每空三选一；本次特训共 8 篇、80 题，正文词数在 149–200 词之间。短文题材紧扣九年级第五单元“ inventions / 中国制造 / 科技与生活”主题（电视与电脑的发展、油纸伞的传说、北京大兴机场、少年发明家、机器狗、3D 打印少年、汽车设计与云厨房等），设空覆盖被动语态、时态、非谓语动词、形容词与副词、名词、冠词、介词、代词与连词从句等核心语法。
三、核心考点分布（基于本次特训 80 题梳理）
通过逐题梳理本次特训的 80 道题，考点集中在以下八类：
（1）被动语态（7 题，约 9%）：本单元核心语法，重点考查一般过去时与一般现在时的被动语态（be + done），如 was invented、were made、is admired，以及 be known as（被称为）一类被动结构。
（2）时态辨析（9 题，约 11%）：一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时的判定，标志词包括 in 1946、on 25th September 2019、since then、in recent years、now 等。
（3）非谓语动词（8 题，约 10%）：介词后接动名词（instead of doing、spend…doing），固定句型 It is + adj. + to do、encourage sb. to do、help (to) do、would like to do 等。
（4）形容词与副词（12 题，约 15%）：比较级（than）、最高级（the + 最高级）、原级（as…as）以及词性转换（形容词/副词修饰动词用 -ly，作表语/定语用形容词）。
（5）名词的数与词性（8 题，约 10%）：单数、复数（fields / photos / designers）、不可数名词（room 表空间）以及名词与形容词/副词的词性转换。
（6）冠词（9 题，约 11%）：a / an / the 的语境判定，关键看其后单词的发音——a useful / an hour；特指用 the，最高级前必加 the。
（7）介词及固定搭配（7 题，约 9%）：in / on / for / as / of 的语境，以及 as a result、be known as、play an important role in、such as 等固定搭配。
（8）代词、连词、从句与特殊句式（20 题，约 25%）：人称/物主/反身代词的主宾格与修饰功能；and / but / because / when / if 等并列与从句连词；There be 句型、宾语从句（that / what）与 What / How 引导的感叹句。这是占比最高、最考验综合句法的一类。
四、难度与趋势
整体难度中等，短文话题新颖、贴近科技与生活，很适合作为九年级第五单元复习的“保分区”：单个空大多只考一个语法点，三选项常呈“原形 / 过去式 / 分词”或“形容词 / 名词 / 副词”的形态梯度，辨清成分与词性即可得分。近年趋势是“强化语境、突出单元重点”——本单元集中考查被动语态（见考点一），凡见 by 短语、be 动词后接分词、或“被……”语义，优先考虑被动；连词与句间逻辑合计占四分之一以上，是性价比最高、最该拿稳的分数块；冠词题则要养成“看发音、不看首字母”的习惯。
一、四步解题法
第一步：先通读短文，抓时态与大意。开头一两句通常完整，藏着全文的“时态底色”（通篇是一般现在时还是叙述过去的经历）和人物关系，先读通再下笔。
第二步：看空格前后，先定词性。空格在名词前多半是物主代词或冠词；在动词后作宾语，考虑名词/代词/动名词；修饰动词或形容词，找副词；空格前有 several / these / many，立刻想复数。
第三步：三项比对，抓“搭配 + 语境 + 形态”。固定搭配（be known as、as a result、instead of doing、encourage sb. to do）优先；本单元重点看被动语态信号（by 短语、be + 分词）；没有搭配时，看上下文的原词复现与前后句逻辑。
第四步：代回原句读一遍，检查形态与逻辑。把选项放回空处默读，重点看主谓是否一致、单复数是否吻合、被动语态 be 与过去分词是否齐备、前后句逻辑（并列/转折/因果/条件）是否通畅。
二、结合本次特训题目的实战点拨
【点拨1】被动语态 be known as——以 Passage 1 题 1 为例：原文写道 “Have you ever heard of cloud kitchens”，空处位于 “They are also ___ as ghost kitchens” 中。空前的 are 提示本句为被动结构，考查固定搭配 be known as（被称为、作为……而出名），know 的过去分词为 known，故选 C。提示：见到 be 动词后接空、或句中有 by 短语（如 by China、by many people），优先考虑被动语态 be + done；本单元被动题集中在一般过去时（was / were + done）与一般现在时（is / am / are + done）。
【点拨2】时态判定（一般过去时）——以 Passage 2 题 3 为例：原文 “It took five years to build the airport”，空处位于 “it finally ___ on 25th September, 2019” 中。时间状语 on 25th September, 2019 明确指向过去，且全文用一般过去时叙述，open 的过去式为 opened，故选 A。提示：时态题先找标志词——in 1946 / on…2019 / once / a few months ago 用过去时，since then / in recent years / now 用完成时或现在时；主从句时态要保持一致。
【点拨3】被动语态 was made——以 Passage 3 题 8 为例：原文 “Lu Ban was surprised”，空处位于 “He found that the object ___ of silk and bamboo” 中。主语 the object 与动词 make 是被动关系，且上下文为一般过去时，故用一般过去时的被动语态 was made，故选 B。提示：被动语态结构为 be + 过去分词；be 动词的单复数、时态要与主语和语境匹配，过去式用 was / were。
【点拨4】感叹句 How 引导——以 Passage 4 题 10 为例：原文 “I think more inventions will appear in the future”，前文空处为 “___ useful the inventions are!”。空格后中心词 useful 是形容词，符合感叹句 “How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语” 结构，应用 How 引导，故选 C。提示：感叹句看空格后的中心词——中心词是形容词或副词用 How，是名词（尤其单数可数）用 What / What a；How 后不接名词。
【点拨5】名词复数（several + 复数）——以 Passage 5 题 1 为例：原文 “These days, cars are designed using computers”，空处位于 “several ___ talk about the new car” 中。several（几个）后必须接可数名词复数，design 指人用 designers，故选 B。提示：several / many / these / 大于 1 的数词后一律用复数；注意 designer 的复数是 designers，不是 designer’s（所有格）。
【点拨6】非谓语动词（encourage sb. to do）——以 Passage 6 题 6 为例：原文 “While most 10-year-olds spend their free time playing”，空处位于 “she encouraged him ___ and save for it himself” 中。固定搭配 encourage sb. to do sth.（鼓励某人做某事）要求用不定式 to work，故选 C。提示：非谓语题先辨标志词——介词（of / in / for / at）后接 -ing；It is + adj. / encourage / want / would like 后接 to do；love / like / enjoy 后接 -ing。
【点拨7】被动语态 is admired（一般现在时）——以 Passage 7 题 9 为例：原文 “Technology may be cold”，空处位于 “the young inventor ___ by many people in his hometown” 中。by many people 为被动标志，时间状语 Now 提示一般现在时，主语 inventor 为单数，故用 is admired，故选 C。提示：by 短语几乎必考被动；一般现在时被动用 is / am / are + done，注意主语单复数决定 be 的形式。
【点拨8】被动语态 were made（复数过去时）——以 Passage 8 题 1 为例：原文 “Chinese soldiers are now welcoming some new partners”，空处位于 “They ___ by China” 中。主语 They 为复数，且“由中国制造”发生在过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态 were made，故选 C。提示：被动题中先判语态（by 短语 / 被……语义），再判时态与 be 的单复数——复数主语的过去被动用 were，单数用 was。
三、易错提醒
• 被动语态是第五单元重中之重：见 be 后接空或句中有 by 短语，先想 be + done；注意 was / were 与主语单复数、时态的匹配。
• 冠词题看发音不看首字母：a useful、a university 虽以元音字母开头却用 a；an hour、an honest 用 an；最高级前必加 the。
• 非谓语动词莫混：介词后接 -ing（instead of doing），It is + adj. / encourage / want / would like 后接 to do。
• 名词题分清单数、复数与所有格（field / fields / field’s、photo / photos），several / many / 数字后用复数。
• 比较级看 than、最高级看 the…est、原级看 as…as；much / far 等可修饰比较级，不能修饰原级。
• 选完代回原句默读一遍，重点查主谓是否一致、被动 be 与过去分词是否齐备、前后逻辑（and / but / because / if）是否连得上。
Passage 1
Have you ever heard of “cloud kitchens”? They are also 1 as ghost kitchens (虚拟厨房). Unlike traditional restaurants, a cloud kitchen is a professional food preparation facility (设施) built 2 delivery (配送)—only meals. There is no dining area for customers to eat in.
The business 3 very quickly in recent years because of the popularity of food delivery apps. For startup (初创企业) owners, it’s much 4 to open a cloud kitchen than a traditional restaurant because they don’t have to worry about the location and environment. They can focus 5 on the food quality.
However, 6 biggest challenge for them is how to make their food stand out online. They need to take good 7 of their food and design creative online menus to attract customers. If you 8 a delicious meal from a small kitchen online, it might be from a cloud kitchen. It 9 that our eating habits are changing because of technology. Would you like 10 one?
1．A．know B．knew C．known
2．A．for B．to C．with
3．A．grows B．has grown C．will grow
4．A．cheap B．cheaper C．cheapest
5．A．completely B．completed C．completing
6．A．a B．an C．the
7．A．photo B．photos C．photoes
8．A．order B．will order C．ordered
9．A．show B．showed C．shows
10．A．try B．to try C．trying
【答案】
1．C 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．B
【导语】本文介绍了专为外卖而生的云厨房，讲述其发展优势、经营难点，并点明科技正在改变人们的饮食习惯。
【详解】1．句意：它们也被人们称作虚拟厨房。
固定搭配be known as，意为“作为……而出名、被称作”。本句被动语态，需用know的过去分词known；know是原形，knew是过去式，均不能用于be动词后构成被动。
2．句意：云厨房是为外卖配送搭建的备餐设施。
介词for表目的，“为了”；to表方向/对象，with表伴随，逻辑均不匹配。
3．句意：近几年，由于外卖软件普及，这个行业发展得十分迅速。
时间标志“in recent years”是现在完成时标志，结构为“have/has+过去分词”；主语the business为单数，用has grown。grows一般现在时、will grow一般将来时，无法匹配该时间状语。
4．句意：开一家云厨房要比传统餐馆便宜得多。
句中出现比较级标志词than，意为“比开传统餐馆更便宜”，要用形容词比较级cheaper；cheap原级、cheapest最高级，不能和than搭配。
5．句意：他们可以全身心地专注于菜品品质。
空格修饰动词focus，需用副词。completely是副词，意为“完全地、全身心地”；completed/completing是complete的变形，均不能修饰动词。
6．句意：然而，对他们来说最大的难题是如何让自家菜品在网上脱颖而出。
形容词最高级biggest前必须加定冠词the；a/an用于单数可数名词泛指，不能修饰最高级。
7．句意：他们需要给自家菜品拍出好看的照片。
固定搭配take photos of，意为“给……拍照”，photo复数形式为photos，无photoes写法；photo单数不能单独使用，需变复数表泛指各类菜品照片。
8．句意：如果你在线上从一家小店点了一份美味餐食，这份餐很有可能来自云厨房。
if引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”规则，主句might be表将来含义，从句用一般现在时order；will order将来时、ordered过去式，时态规则不符。
9．句意：这一点表明，科技正在改变我们的饮食习惯。
本句为主语it，是第三人称单数，一般现在时谓语动词用shows；show原形、showed过去式，主谓不一致。
10．句意：你想试一试吗？
固定句型would like to do sth.，意为“想要做某事”，后跟动词不定式to try；try原形、trying动名词，均不匹配该固定搭配。
Passage 2
Imagine this: Thousands of people come and go, travelling to different places. Robots work here and there 1 people. Does it sound like 2 small town from the future? It is, in fact, the Beijing Daxing International Airport.
It took five years to build the airport and it finally 3 on 25th September, 2019. Lying in the south of Beijing, it is the world’s 4 traffic centre. It is quite large both in size and its ability to carry passengers.
It has the world’s largest terminal building (航站楼). The building has an area of 780,000 square metres—the size of 109 football 5 . It plays an important role 6 Beijing’s transport systems.
The airport has got the attention of people around the world 7 it uses new technologies that make it smarter and work faster. These technologies 8 the travel experience for all passengers greatly. For example, airport bag-tracking (追踪) technology allows passengers to track their bags with 9 by using a mobile app. The airport will also use a robot-controlled parking (停车) system. Drivers only need to park their cars in some places. Robots will then carry 10 to a spare space.
1．A．help B．to help C．helping
2．A．a B．an C．the
3．A．opened B．opens C．have opened
4．A．large B．larger C．largest
5．A．field B．fields C．field’s
6．A．in B．on C．for
7．A．because B．so C．but
8．A．have improved B．improves C．was improving
9．A．easy B．ease C．easily
10．A．they B．them C．their
【答案】
1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．A 8．A 9．B 10．B
【导语】本文介绍了北京大兴国际机场的建设历程、规模大小及高科技应用，展示了其作为世界最大交通枢纽的现代化面貌和便捷服务。
【详解】1．句意：机器人在这里和那里工作来帮助人们。
此处需要一个动词不定式作目的状语，表示“为了帮助人们”。to help“为了帮助”，符合语境。help“帮助（原形）”，helping“帮助（现在分词）”，均不符合语境。
2．句意：它听起来像是一个来自未来的小镇吗？
此处表示“一个小镇”，small以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。a“一个”，符合语境。an“一个（元音音素前）”，the“这（特指）”，均不符合语境。
3．句意：建造机场花了五年时间，它最终于2019年9月25日开放。
时间状语“on 25th September, 2019”提示应用一般过去时。opened“开放”，符合语境。opens“开放（第三人称单数）”，have opened“已经开放”，均不符合语境。
4．句意：它位于北京南部，是世界上最大的交通中心。
此处表示“世界上最大的”，应用形容词最高级。largest“最大的”，符合语境。large“大的（原级）”，larger“更大的（比较级）”，均不符合语境。
5．句意：该建筑占地78万平方米——相当于109个足球场的面积。
109大于1，后接可数名词复数形式。fields“场地”，符合语境。field“场地（单数）”，field’s“场地的（所有格）”，均不符合语境。
6．句意：它在北京的交通系统中扮演着重要的角色。
固定搭配play an important role in表示“在……中扮演重要角色”，in“在……中”，符合语境。on“在……上”，for“为了”，均不符合语境。
7．句意：该机场引起了全世界人们的注意，因为它使用了使其更智能、工作更快的新技术。
前后句为因果关系，because“因为”，符合语境。so“所以”，but“但是”，均不符合语境。
8．句意：这些技术已经极大地改善了所有乘客的旅行体验。
根据语境，强调对现在的影响，应用现在完成时，主语“These technologies”为复数，have improved“已经改善”，符合语境。improves“改善（第三人称单数）”，was improving“正在改善”，均不符合语境。
9．句意：例如，机场行李追踪技术允许乘客通过使用手机应用轻松追踪他们的行李。
此处需要名词作介词with的宾语，表示“轻松”。ease“轻松”，符合语境。easy“容易的（形容词）”，easily“容易地（副词）”，均不符合语境。
10．句意：然后机器人会把它们运送到空余的地方。
此处需要人称代词宾格作carry的宾语，指代前文的“cars”。them“它们”，符合语境。they“它们（主格）”，their“它们的（形容词性物主代词）”，均不符合语境。
Passage 3
The oil-paper umbrella has a history of over 1,000 years in China. 1 different stories about the invention of the umbrella in China. The most popular one has something to do with Lu Ban. It’s said that once he and his wife 2 the West Lake, it started raining suddenly. His wife said, “Let’s have 3 competition. Before sunrise tomorrow, the one who comes up with a better way to visit the West Lake even 4 rainy days will be the winner.” Lu Ban thought 5 it was easy. He collected some tools and materials. Then he spent the whole night building pavilions (亭子) around the lake.
The next morning, 6 Lu Ban talked about his achievements and felt proud, his wife held something unusual in her hand. 7 could be opened into a round shape. Lu Ban was surprised. He found that the object 8 of silk and bamboo. It was light and easy 9 . Lu Ban said, “You win. Your invention can protect us from rain better.”
Later, people began to use paper, which was 10 than silk. To make the umbrella waterproof (防水的), people brushed a kind of oil on the surface. So the oil-paper umbrella appeared.
1．A．There are B．It is C．They are
2．A．visit B．are visiting C．visited
3．A．the B．a C．an
4．A．on B．with C．in
5．A．if B．that C．how
6．A．though B．before C．when
7．A．It B．Its C．Itself
8．A．made B．was made C．was making
9．A．carry B．carrying C．to carry
10．A．cheap B．cheaper C．the cheapest
【答案】
1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．B
【导语】本文主要讲述中国油纸伞的千年历史，重点介绍鲁班与其妻子发明雨伞的传说故事，以及后来油纸伞的制作材料与演变过程。
【详解】1．句意：中国关于雨伞的发明有不同的故事。
结合“different stories about the invention of the umbrella in China”可知，此处表示某地有某物，应用There be句型，应用There are。It为单数，They指代不明，不符合题意。
2．句意：据说有一次他和妻子游览西湖时，突然下起了雨。
结合“once”及下文“started”可知，故事发生在过去，应用一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式visited。其他选项时态不符。
3．句意：让我们进行一场比赛吧。
结合“competition”为辅音音素开头且表泛指，可知应用不定冠词a。the表特指，an用于元音音素开头的单词前。
4．句意：即使在雨天也能更好地游览西湖的人将是赢家。
结合“rainy days"表示特定天气条件，表示在雨天，应用on。with“和”表伴随，in“在……”用于年月季节。
5．句意：鲁班认为这很容易。
结合从句“it was easy”是陈述句且成分完整，可知应用 that引导。if“是否”表疑问，how“如何”表方式。
6．句意：当鲁班谈论他的成就时，他的妻子手里拿着不寻常的东西。
结合“Lu Ban talked about his achievements and felt proud, his wife held something unusual in her hand”可知，前后动作同时发生，应用when引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”。though“虽然”表让步，before“在……之前”表时间先后，均不符合逻辑。
7．句意：它可以被打开成圆形。
结合“could be opened into a round shape”可知，空处在句中作主语指代上文物体，可知应用主格It。其他选项均不符合语法。
8．句意：他发现这个物体是由丝绸和竹子制成的。
结合“He found that the object…of silk and bamboo”以及上下文过去时态，可知此处表示被制作，应用一般过去时的被动语态，应用was made。其他选项不符合语态要求。
9．句意：它很轻且容易携带。
结合“It was light and easy”可知，此处为“It is+形容词+to do sth”固定结构，因此空处应用动词不定式to carry。其他选项不符合语法要求。
10．句意：人们开始使用纸，它比丝绸更便宜。
结合“than silk”可知，此处需要形容词的比较级，应用cheaper。其他选项不符合比较级要求。
Passage 4
The first TV was invented by an English scientist, John Baird, in 1926. The invention helped people watch films at home instead of 1 to the cinema as before.
At first, TV only had black-and-white pictures. Several years later, colored TV made the pictures lively. However, they were heavy and thick, so it was 2 to move them. Then, digital (数字) TV was invented. They are light and thin. As 3 result, many TV programs are available (可获得的). At present, the IPTV can be used by people to record and replay programs.
The first modern computer 4 in America in 1946. It was as 5 as a room. In the 1950s, desktop computers (台式电脑) were invented in the same 6 . They became smaller and could be put on the desk. Since then, they 7 very important in many fields. 8 the 1970s, the computers were single. It was the Internet that joined the computers into a big family, so they could share information with one another. Around 1985, laptops (笔记本) were developed in Japan. They were 9 smaller and could be put on people’s laps. They were light and easy to take.
10 useful the inventions are! I think more inventions will appear in the future.
1．A．to go B．going C．go
2．A．difficult B．difficulty C．difficultly
3．A．the B．an C．a
4．A．was invented B．invent C．invents
5．A．bigger B．big C．biggest
6．A．country B．countries C．country’s
7．A．become B．became C．have become
8．A．In B．At C．From
9．A．more B．many C．much
10．A．What B．How a C．How
【答案】
1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．A 9．C 10．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了电视和电脑的发展历史，包括它们的发明时间、外形变化以及功能改进，最后感叹发明很有用。
【详解】1．句意：这项发明帮助人们在家看电影，而不是像以前那样去电影院。
固定搭配instead of doing sth.意为“而不是做某事”，“of”是介词，介词后接动名词形式going。
2．句意：然而，它们又重又厚，所以很难移动。
固定句型“It was + 形容词 + to do sth.”表示“做某事是……的”，系动词“was”后接形容词difficult作表语。名词difficulty、副词difficultly均不符合该句型。
3．句意：结果，人们可以看到很多电视节目。
固定搭配as a result意为“结果”，“result”以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。
4．句意：第一台现代电脑于1946年在美国被发明。
主语“The first modern computer”与动词invent是被动关系，结合“in 1946”，本句为一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were + 过去分词”，主语为单数，be动词用was，invent的过去分词为invented。
5．句意：它和一个房间一样大。
固定搭配“as + 形容词原级 + as”意为“和……一样……”，中间要使用形容词原级big。
6．句意：20世纪50年代，台式电脑在同一个国家被发明。
固定搭配“the same”后接可数名词单数，in the same country意为“在同一个国家”。
7．句意：从那以后，它们在很多领域已经变得非常重要。
“Since then”意为“自从那时起”，是现在完成时标志，其结构为“have/has + 过去分词”，主语是“they”，助动词用have，become的过去分词为become。
8．句意：在20世纪70年代，电脑都是独立的。
年代前要用介词in，in the 1970s意为“在20世纪70年代”。
9．句意：它们小得多，可以放在人们的腿上。
much可以修饰形容词比较级，表示“……得多”；many不能修饰比较级，more不能和“smaller”连用。
10．句意：这些发明多么有用啊！
根据“useful the inventions are!”可知，中心词“useful”是形容词，符合感叹句结构“How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语”，应用How引导感叹句。
Passage 5
These days, cars are designed using computers. Let’s look at how a new car is created.
First, several 1 talk about the new car and good ideas that they have. Then they sit down at their computers and 2 many sketches (草图). 3 best two or three drawings are chosen and then more detailed drawings of cars are developed on the computer. You can change the size, shape or color of any part on the computer to see 4 the car would look like and then you can choose the best design.
Both the inside 5 the outside of the car have to be designed. Part of the inside of the car is 6 so that the designers can sit in it. They can feel if there is enough 7 inside and if they can reach everything. Then some cars are built—there are more than 15,000 parts of a car to be tested.
When everything is known to be 8 , the cars are made in the factory. Again, computers are used to make sure 9 all the parts are ready as they are needed. The factory usually stays 10 all through the night so that the car production never stops.
1．A．designer B．designers C．designer’s
2．A．draw B．drew C．to draw
3．A．A B．The C．/
4．A．how B．if C．what
5．A．or B．nor C．and
6．A．build B．built C．building
7．A．rooms B．rooms’ C．room
8．A．safe B．safer C．safely
9．A．that B．if C．how
10．A．opened B．open C．opening
【答案】
1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．A 10．B
【导语】本文介绍了现代汽车如何利用计算机进行设计、测试及生产的全过程，详细说明了设计师的工作步骤及工厂的生产流程。
【详解】1．句意：首先，几位设计师谈论新车和他们的好想法。
“several”后接可数名词复数designers。designer为单数，designer’s为所有格，均不符。
2．句意：接着他们坐在电脑前，并绘制大量草图。
根据“sit down…and”可知此处是并列结构，动词形式一致使用原形draw。drew为过去式，to draw为不定式结构，均不符。
3．句意：从中选出最好的两三张图纸，之后再在电脑上生成更详尽的汽车设计图。
“best”是最高级，前面需加定冠词The。A表泛指，/为零冠词，均不符。
4．句意：你可以在电脑上修改任意部件的尺寸、形状或颜色，来查看汽车最终会呈现出什么样子，之后你就能选出最优设计。
“look like”后缺宾语，what作“like”的宾语。how“如何”是副词不能作宾语；if“是否”语义不符。
5．句意：汽车的内部和外部都需要设计。
此处使用搭配Both…and…。or搭配either，nor搭配neither。
6．句意：汽车内部的一部分被建造出来，以便设计师可以坐在里面。
主语“Part of the inside of the car”与动词build之间构成被动关系，使用被动语态，结构为is+过去分词built。build为原形，building为现在分词，均不符。
7．句意：他们能感觉到里面是否有足够的空间，以及他们是否能触及到所有东西。
根据“enough”可知指车内空间，room表示空间时是不可数名词。rooms“房间”，是可数名词；rooms’是所有格，均不符。
8．句意：当一切都被确认安全时，汽车就会在工厂里制造。
系动词be后接表语形容词，且无比较对象，使用原级safe。safer是比较级形式，safely是副词，均不符。
9．句意：计算机会再次被用来确保所有零部件都能按需准备到位。
根据“make sure”可知后接陈述句，构成make sure that引导宾语从句。if表不确定，how表方式，语义不符。
10．句意：工厂通常整夜开工，以便汽车生产永不停歇。
系动词“stays”后接形容词open表状态。opened为过去分词，opening为现在分词，均不符。
Passage 6
While most 10-year-olds spend their free time playing, Ernesto Gael Hernandez is busy running his own 3D printing business. He dreams of buying his mum a house someday.
At first, Ernesto only made custom keychains (定制钥匙链) for his classmates for 1 . Soon, more people wanted to buy his products, 2 his hobby slowly became a business. Now, he makes and sells colourful custom items 3 keychains and small toys that can help people relax.
The idea first 4 just a few months ago. Ernesto told his mother 5 he wanted to make money with 3D printing. Instead of simply buying him a machine, she encouraged him 6 and save for it himself. “My mum said that I could save up 7 more money,” Ernesto explained.
After saving $500, Ernesto bought his first printer and started his business. He quickly realized there was 8 real demand for his products. So, Ernesto began working with a local clothing store to sell his creations.
Every day, Ernesto works hard to balance school and his business. It is tiring, but he 9 a lot through it.
For Ernesto, the business is not only about money. He hopes his hard work will bring his mother a much 10 life in the future.
1．A．fun B．funny C．funnily
2．A．or B．but C．and
3．A．along with B．for example C．such as
4．A．took shape B．takes shape C．has taken shape
5．A．what B．that C．whether
6．A．work B．working C．to work
7．A．I B．my C．mine
8．A．a B．an C．the
9．A．grows B．is grown C．are grown
10．A．good B．better C．best
【答案】
1．A 2．C 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．A 10．B
【导语】本文讲述了10岁男孩Ernesto Gael Hernandez经营3D打印生意的故事，他从制作定制钥匙扣起步，努力平衡学业与生意，希望用自己的努力给妈妈带来更好的生活。
【详解】1．句意：起初，Ernesto只是为了好玩，给同学们制作定制钥匙扣。
根据上下文，最开始他做钥匙扣只是出于兴趣，应选用fun。funny“滑稽的”；funnily“滑稽地”，均不符合语境。
2．句意：很快，更多人想要购买他的产品，并且他的爱好慢慢变成了一门生意。
根据前后分句是顺承并列关系，应选用and。or“或者”表选择；but“但是”表转折，不符合逻辑。
3．句意：现在，他制作并售卖五颜六色的定制物品，例如钥匙扣和可以帮助人们放松的小玩具。
根据后文“keychains and small toys”是在列举物品例子，应选用such as。along with“和……一起”；for example“例如”，后面需要加逗号再引出例子。
4．句意：这个想法在仅仅几个月前就成形了。
根据时间状语“a few months ago”，句子使用一般过去时，应选用took shape。takes shape“成形（一般现在时）”；has taken shape“成形（现在完成时）”，时态不匹配。
5．句意：Ernesto告诉他的妈妈，他想用3D打印赚钱。
根据句子结构，宾语从句是陈述句，用that引导，应选用that。what“什么”在从句中要充当成分；whether“是否”表疑问，均不符合。
6．句意：妈妈没有直接给他买机器，而是鼓励他自己去工作存钱。
固定搭配“encourage sb. to do sth.”表示“鼓励某人做某事”，应选用to work。work“工作（动词原形）”；working“工作（动名词）”，不满足该搭配。
7．句意：Ernesto解释说：“我妈妈说我可以存下我的更多钱。”
根据空格后名词more money，需要形容词性物主代词修饰名词，应选用my。I“我（人称代词主格）”；mine“我的（名词性物主代词）”，不能修饰名词。
8．句意：他很快意识到，对他的作品存在真实的市场需求。
固定搭配“there is a real demand for…”表示“对……有真实需求”，real是以辅音音素开头，应选用a。an用于元音音素开头单词前；the表特指，不符合。
9．句意：这很累人，但是他从中收获很多。
根据主语he，本句为主动语态，应选用grows。is grown、are grown都是被动语态，不符合语境。
10．句意：他希望他的努力能在未来带给妈妈好得多的生活。
根据空格前much，much可以修饰形容词比较级，应选用better。good“好的（原级）”；best“最好的（最高级）”，不能用much修饰。
Passage 7
At the age of 15, Chen Yue, a middle school student, became interested in AI. He hoped to become 1 useful young man instead of wasting time on games like some teenagers.
One day, he saw his grandmother trying to read small words 2 a medicine bottle. 3 she was old and found it hard to see clearly, he decided to design a smart machine to turn text into speech.
Chen worked hard. He learned programming by himself and spent many nights 4 different designs. His parents worried he was pushing himself too hard, but they still supported 5 warmly. After six months, he finally made it. The machine worked as 6 as they had expected.
When he showed 7 invention to his grandmother, she was surprised. To share his experience, he then 8 a speech at school. “The amount of your efforts decides how far you can go,” he said.
Now, the young inventor 9 by many people in his hometown. A local company even offered to help produce his machine. He believes AI can do far more than reading. Technology may be cold. but 10 warm it becomes when we use it to care for others! He will keep trying to help more people in need.
1．A．a B．an C．the
2．A．in B．on C．above
3．A．Because B．If C．Unless
4．A．test B．to test C．testing
5．A．he B．him C．himself
6．A．well B．better C．good
7．A．a B．the C．/
8．A．gave B．gives C．will give
9．A．admires B．admired C．is admired
10．A．how B．what C．what a
【答案】
1．A 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．A
【导语】本文讲述15岁学生陈悦因祖母阅读困难发明智能机器，历经努力获得成功，并感悟科技温情的故事。
【详解】1．句意：他希望成为一个有用的年轻人，而不是像某些青少年那样浪费时间在游戏上。
根据“useful young man”可知，此处表示泛指，useful以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a“一个（辅音音素前）”。an“一个”，用于元音音素开头；the“这个”，表特指，不符合语境。
2．句意：有一天，他看见祖母试图读药瓶上的小字。
根据“words … a medicine bottle”可知，文字是印在瓶子表面上的，应用介词on“在……表面上”。in“在……里面”指内部；above“在……正上方”指悬浮上方，均不符合常识。
3．句意：因为她老了，发现很难看清楚，所以他决定设计一台智能机器将文本转换成语音。
根据“she was old …, he decided …”可知，前后句是因果关系，前因后果，应用Because“因为”引导原因状语从句。If“如果”表假设；Unless“除非”表条件，均不符合逻辑。
4．句意：他自学编程，花费许多夜晚测试不同的设计。
根据固定搭配“spend time (in) doing sth.”可知，此处应用动名词testing“测试（动名词/现在分词）”。test“测试”是动词原形；to test“去测试”是不定式，均不符合spend的用法。
5．句意：他的父母担心他太拼命了，但他们仍然热情地支持着他。
根据“supported”是动词，后接人称代词宾格作宾语，指代Chen Yue，应用him“他（宾格）”。he“他”作主语；himself“他自己”表反身，此处不需要强调他自己。
6．句意：机器运作得和他们预期的一样好。
根据“as … as”结构可知，中间需用形容词或副词的原级，修饰动词worked需用副词well“好地（副词原级）”。better“更好地”是比较级；good“好的”是形容词，不能修饰动词。
7．句意：当他把这项发明展示给祖母时，她很惊讶。
根据前文提到的机器可知，此处指代特定的那项发明，应用定冠词the“这个（特指）”。a“一个”表泛指；/不填，零冠词，此处名词前需限定词。
8．句意：为了分享经验，然后他在学校做了一个演讲。
根据上下文叙事语境可知，事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时gave“给（过去式）”。gives“给（第三人称单数）”是现在时；will give“将给”是将来时，均不符合时态一致性。
9．句意：现在，这位年轻发明家被家乡的许多人钦佩。
根据“by many people”可知，主语“inventor”与动词“admire”是被动关系，且时间状语是Now，应用一般现在时被动语态is admired“被钦佩”。admires“钦佩（主动三单）”；admired“钦佩（主动过去式）”均为主动语态，不符合句意。
10．句意：技术可能很冷，但当我们用它来照顾别人时，它会变得多么温暖！
根据中心词“warm”是形容词可知，应用how“多么”引导感叹句，结构为“How+形容词+主语+谓语”。what“什么”；what a“多么一个”用于修饰名词，不符合语法结构。
Passage 8
Chinese soldiers are now welcoming some new partners—robot dogs. They 1 by China. They showed their amazing skills at a joint exercise (联合演习) in May 2024.
During the joint exercise, Chinese team members were able to control a robot dog called Go2 from far away. It quickly checked for obstacles (障碍物). With cameras on 2 head, Go2 can send videos back to people.
Go2 is also very small. It weighs only 15 kilograms. It can do things 3 jumping and even lying down—just like a real dog. It can work for two to four hours at a time 4 it needs a “rest”.
The robot dog, B1, is 5 than Go2. It carries a gun on its back and can shoot when it 6 to do so. It can carry things as heavy as 80 kilograms on its back.
The robot dogs can help soldiers with dangerous 7 , such as going through rainforests or other unknown environments. Their help can stop more soldiers from getting hurt.
Robot dogs play 8 important role in many other areas. During the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou in 2023, robot dogs helped 9 and return the thrown discuses (铁饼). Robot dogs can also save lives. Some robot dogs can see 10 in the fire thanks to their special cameras.
1．A．is made B．was made C．were made
2．A．it B．its C．itself
3．A．like B．along C．into
4．A．so B．before C．or
5．A．heavier B．heaviest C．heavy
6．A．orders B．was ordered C．is ordered
7．A．task B．tasks C．task’s
8．A．/ B．a C．an
9．A．to find B．finding C．found
10．A．clear B．clearer C．clearly
【答案】
1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国制造的机器狗在军事演习及其他场景中的应用，展示了其功能优势，体现了科技带来的便利。
【详解】1．句意：它们由中国制造。
主语They是复数，且制造动作发生在过去，需用一般过去时的被动语态were made。is made时态不符，was made人称不符。
2．句意：凭借它头上的摄像头，Go2可以将视频传回给人们。
修饰名词head需用形容词性物主代词its。it是人称代词，itself是反身代词，均不能修饰名词。
3．句意：它能做像跳跃这样的事情，甚至躺卧——就像一只真正的狗一样。。
like在此处意为“像……一样”，用于举例。介词“along沿着、into进入”含义不符语境。
4．句意：它每次可连续使用两到四个小时，之后需要“休息”。
根据逻辑，工作发生在休息“之前”，before“在……之前”符合语境。so表结果，or表选择，均不通。
5．句意：机器人狗B1比Go2更重。
than是比较级的标志词，需用heavier。heaviest是最高级，heavy是原级，均不符。
6．句意：它背上有一把枪，当它被命令射击时，它就会开枪。
描述机器功能通常用一般现在时，且it与order是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态is ordered。orders是主动语态，was ordered是一般过去时的被动语态，均不符。
7．句意：机器人狗可以帮助士兵执行危险任务，例如穿越雨林或其他未知环境。
此处泛指多种危险任务，且前无冠词，需用复数tasks。task单数，需加冠词，task’s是所有格，均不符题意。
8．句意：机器人狗在许多其他领域也发挥着重要作用。
固定短语“play an important role”，important 以元音音素开头，用an。/表示零冠词，a以辅音音素开头，均不符。
9．句意：在2023年杭州第19届亚运会期间，机器人狗协助找到了并归还了投掷的铁饼。
help (to) do sth.，此处用不定式to find。finding为动名词/现在分词、found过去式均不符合help用法。
10．句意：一些机器人狗凭借特殊的摄像头，能在火光中清晰地看到周围环境。
修饰动词see需用副词clearly。clear和clearer是形容词，不能修饰动词。
18 / 18乐思英语
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