内容正文:
Unit 5 Power of ldeas 语法--被动语态 专项练
2026-2027学年上学期初中英语人教版(新教材)九年级上册
一、被动语态
被动语态的定义
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即主语是动作的对象,而不是动作的执行者。汉语中常译为“被……”“由……”。当不知道动作的执行者、不必说出执行者或需要强调动作的承受者时,常用被动语态。
被动语态的结构
1.一般现在时的被动语态
结构:am / is / are + 过去分词,表示经常性、习惯性的被动动作或客观事实。
如:“The oil and salt ________ ________ ________ by the machine itself.” “油和盐也是由机器自己添加的。”
2.一般过去时的被动语态
结构:was / were + 过去分词,表示过去发生的被动动作。
如:“A radio message ________ ________ across the Atlantic Ocean for the first time in 1901.” “1901年,一条无线电信息第一次被发送横跨大西洋。”
3.含有情态动词的被动语态
结构:情态动词(can / should / must 等)+ be + 过去分词,表示“能够/应该/必须被……”。
如:“Toys, chairs, tables, and even houses ________ ________ ________________ by the 3D printer.” “玩具、椅子、桌子,甚至房子都可以被3D打印机打印出来。”
二、单词语法填空
4.The book ________ (write) by a famous scientist last year.
5.English ________ (learn) as a foreign language in most Chinese schools.
6.Usually, my homework ________ (do) in the afternoon.
7.Tea is popular in many countries, and it ________ (drink) by millions of people every day.
8.Great success can ________ (achieve) through teamwork in study and life.
9.We ________ (not allow) to copy others’ ideas in the competition—it’s against the rules.
10.________ the museum ________ (visit) by many people every day?
11.Shirts and ties ________ (give) to fathers as gifts on Father’s Day last year.
12.The flowers ________ (water) by my father carefully yesterday morning.
13.These computers ________ (not sell) anymore in that shop. Because they were old-fashioned.
三、语法单项辨析选择
14.The design should ________ before production.
A.checking B.be checking it C.check D.be checked
15.The telephone ________ by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876, which changed people’s way of communication greatly.
A.invented B.was invented C.is invented D.invents
16.A well-preserved iron sword ________ in a tomb in Chongqing last January.
A.finds B.found C.is found D.was found
17.This room must ________ clean.
A.be keep B.be kept C.keep D.kept
18.The machine ________ cut wood. It is very useful.
A.used to B.is used to C.was used to D.gets used to
19.Olive oil ________ from fresh olives by a special machine. This is a traditional method in the Mediterranean.
A.presses B.is pressed C.pressed D.was pressed
20.A new library ________ in our town last year, and it has become a great place for people to get knowledge.
A.builds B.is built C.is being built D.was built
21.The old city walls ________ down in the 1960s, which is a great pity.
A.are pulled B.were pulled C.have been pulled D.will be pulled
22.Many new technologies ________ to the public at the science fair last month.
A.introduce B.introduced C.were introduced D.are introduced
23.Lots of trees ________ in our community every spring to make our world better.
A.plant B.planted C.are planted D.were planted
24.Four mice, two males and two females, ________ to the space station aboard the Shenzhou XXI spaceship on October 31st.
A.have brought B.were brought C.will bring D.are bringing
25.It ________ polite to keep eye contact properly when communicating with British people.
A.considers B.considered C.is considered D.was considering
26.The scientist ________ with the medal ________ his great achievement in the scientific field.
A.presented; because of B.was presented; because
C.presented; because D.was presented; because of
四、完成句子
27.The bees collect honey from the flowers. (改为被动语态)
Honey ________ ________ from the flowers ________ the bees.
28.I heard a girl sing in the next room. (改为被动语态)
A girl ________ ________ ________ sing in the next room.
29.Thousands of tourists visit the West Lake every day. (改为被动语态)
_____________________________________________________________
30.The little girl’s aunt takes care of her when her parents are away. (改为被动语态)
_____________________________________________________________
31.We should protect traditional skills to keep our cultural heritage alive. (改为被动语态)
_______________________ by us to keep our cultural heritage alive.
32.Can we borrow books from the school library?(改为被动语态)
_____________________________________________________________
33.He invited his wife and children to the party. (改为被动语态)
____________________ by him.
34.Our English teacher taught us a beautiful song yesterday. (改为被动语态)
A beautiful song ________ ________ ________ us ________ our English teacher yesterday.
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试卷第1页(共3页)
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参考答案
题号
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
答案
D
B
D
B
B
B
D
B
C
C
题号
24
25
26
答案
B
C
D
1. are also added 2. was sent 3. can all be printed
1.原句中“添加”为关键词。主语the oil and salt是复数,被动结构为are+过去分词;中文“也”对应also,“添加”的英文为add,过去分词是added,故填are also added。
2.原句中“被发送”为关键词。in1901表明时态为一般过去时,主语a radio message是单数,被动结构为was+过去分词;“发送”的英文为send,过去分词是sent,故填was sent。
3.原句中的“都可以打印出来”为关键词。中文“可以”对应情态动词can,含情态动词被动结构为can be+过去分词;“都”的英文表达为all;“打印”的英文为print,过去分词是printed,故填can all be printed。
4.was written
句意:这本书是去年由一位著名科学家写的。主语“The book”与“write”为被动关系(书被写),且主语为单数,“last year”为过去时间状语,故用一般过去时的被动语态was written。
5.is learned/is learnt
句意:在大多数中国学校里,英语被当作一门外语来学习。本句描述客观事实,用一般现在时。主语English和learn是被动关系,一般现在时被动语态结构为: is/are+过去分词。主语English为单数,be动词用is,learn的过去分词为learned或learnt,故填is learned/is learnt。
6.is done
句意:通常,我的作业在下午完成。句中“Usually”为一般现在时的时间标志,主语my homework是动作do的承受者,需用一般现在时的被动语态,结构为is+动词过去分词。do的过去分词为done。
7.is drunk
句意:茶在许多国家很受欢迎,每天数百万人饮用它。it指代tea,tea和drink之间是被动关系;every day用于一般现在时,一般现在时被动语态结构为“am/is/are + 过去分词”,drink的过去分词是drunk,主语it为单数,be动词用is。故填is drunk。
8.be achieved
句意:在学习和生活中,通过团队合作可以取得巨大的成功。主语“Great success”和动词“achieve”之间是被动关系,意为“成功被取得”;情态动词can后面接动词原形,被动语态结构为“can+be+过去分词”,achieve的过去分词是achieved。故填be achieved。
9.are not allowed
句意:我们不被允许在比赛中抄袭他人的想法——这是违反规则的。所给动词为allow“允许”,主语We与allow之间为被动关系(被允许),且描述一般规则,应用一般现在时的被动语态,结构为“be+过去分词”,主语为复数,be动词用are,否定句在be动词后加“not”;allow的过去分词是allowed。
10. Is visited
句意:博物馆每天被许多人参观吗?句中主语“the museum”与谓语动词“参观”之间为被动关系,应用被动语态。时间状语“every day”提示动作经常发生,应用一般现在时的被动语态。一般现在时被动语态的结构为“am/is/are + 过去分词”,此处句子是一般疑问句,需要把be动词is提到句首,因此,第一空填be动词,第二空填过去分词,主语为第三人称单数,be动词用is,句首单词首字母要大写,故第一空填Is。visit的过去分词是visited,第二空填visited。
11.were given
句意:去年父亲节,衬衫和领带被作为礼物送给父亲们。句中主语“Shirts and ties”与谓语动词“送给”之间为被动关系,应用被动语态。时间状语“last year”提示动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时的被动语态。一般过去时被动语态的结构为“was/were + 过去分词”,主语为复数,故填were given。
12.were watered
句意:这些花昨天上午被我父亲仔细地浇过水了。所给动词为water“浇水”,主语The flowers与water之间为被动关系(被浇水),且时间状语yesterday morning表示过去,应用一般过去时的被动语态,结构为“be+过去分词”,主语“The flowers”是复数,因此be动词选用were,water的过去分词为watered。应填were watered。
13.weren’t sold
句意:这些电脑在那家店里已经不再出售了。因为它们款式过时了。主语“These computers”(这些电脑)和提示词动词“sell”(售卖)之间是逻辑上的被动关系,电脑是“被售卖”的对象,需要使用被动语态(be + 过去分词);后句的谓语动词“were”提示,时态需使用一般过去时;主语是复数名词,对应的be动词否定形式为“weren’t”,sell的过去分词是“sold”。
14.D
句意:这个设计在投入生产之前应当被检查。
主语The design与动词check之间是被动关系,表示“被检查”,情态动词should后接被动语态结构be done,check“检查”,过去分词为checked,故填be checked。
15.B
句意:电话是亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔在1876年发明的,它极大地改变了人们的交流方式。
根据主语The telephone和动作invent是被动关系,且时间状语in 1876是明确的过去时间,此处表示“电话在过去被发明”,应填was invented。
16.D
句意:去年一月,一把保存完好的铁剑在重庆的一座墓中被发现。
主语“A well-preserved iron sword”与动词find之间为被动关系,表示“被发现”;“last January”表示过去时间,应用一般过去时的被动语态,结构为“was/were+过去分词”。主语为单数,用was found。
17.B
句意:这个房间必须保持干净。
根据题干主语“This room”与keep之间为被动关系,应用情态动词的被动语态must be kept,应填be kept。
18.B
句意:这台机器被用来砍木头,它非常有用。
used to过去常常;is used to被用来/习惯于;was used to过去被用来/习惯于;gets used to习惯于。根据后句“It is very useful.”可知句子为一般现在时,“be used to do sth.”表示“被用来做某事”,符合语境,应填is used to。
19.B
句意:橄榄油由一种专用机器从新鲜橄榄中压榨而成,这是地中海地区的一种传统工艺。
结合语句 “Olive oil … from fresh olives by a special machine. This is a traditional method in the Mediterranean.”可知,主语olive oil和动词press之间是被动关系,by引出动作的执行者;后一句用一般现在时介绍传统方法,说明是客观事实,要用一般现在时的被动语态,is pressed符合句子语法和语境。
20.D
句意:一座新图书馆于去年在我们镇建成,它已经成为人们获取知识的好地方。
根据时间状语last year可知句子时态为一般过去时,且主语A new library与谓语动词build之间是被动关系,应用一般过去时的被动语态。应填was built。
21.B
句意:这些古城墙在20世纪60年代被拆除了,这真是太可惜了。
根据时间状语“in the 1960s”可知,动作发生在过去,且主语“The old city walls”与动词短语pull down之间是被动关系,主语为复数,需用一般过去时的被动语态were pulled。
22.C
句意:在上个月的科技展上,许多新技术被介绍给了公众。
根据句中的主语“Many new technologies”与动词introduce之间是被动关系,新技术是被介绍给公众,需使用被动语态,结合句末的时间状语“last month”可知,句子时态为一般过去时,且主语technologies为复数名词,应使用一般过去时的被动语态,应填were introduced。
23.C
句意:每年春天在我们社区都会种植许多树来让我们的世界更美好。
主语“Lots of trees”与动词“plant”之间是被动关系,且时间状语“every spring”表示经常性动作,需用一般现在时的被动语态:am/is/are+done。应填are planted。
24.B
句意:四只老鼠,两雄两雌,于10月31日乘坐神舟XXI号飞船被带到空间站。
主语“Four mice”与动词bring之间是被动关系,需用被动语态,结构为:主语+be+过去分词。只有B项构成被动语态。
25.C
句意:当与英国人交流时,保持适当的眼神交流被认为是礼貌的。
主语It指代后文的不定式短语,与consider之间是被动关系,且陈述客观事实应用一般现在时,结构为be considered + adj.,is considered符合语境。
26.D
句意:这位科学家被授予奖章,因为他在科学领域取得了巨大成就。
主语“The scientist”与“present”之间为被动关系(科学家被授予奖章),应用被动语态“was presented”;“his great achievement”为名词短语,表示原因应用“because of”。故选D。
27. is collected by
句意:蜜蜂从花朵中采集蜂蜜。原句是一般现在时主动语态,要改为一般现在时被动语态。被动结构为“be+过去分词”,honey是不可数名词,be动词用is;collect的过去分词是collected;动作执行者the bees前面要用介词by引出。故填is;collected;by。
28. was heard to
句意:我听到一个女孩在隔壁房间唱歌。原句是一般过去时主动语态,感官动词hear的用法:hear sb. do sth.,改为被动语态时要还原不定式符号to。被动结构为“was/were+过去分词”,a girl是单数,be动词用was;hear的过去分词是heard。
29.The West Lake is visited by thousands of tourists every day.
句意:西湖每天被成千上万的游客游览。原句是一般现在时,改为被动语态的结构为“主语+am/is/are+动词过去分词+by+原主语”。原句的宾语the West Lake变为新主语(视为单数),原句的主语 Thousands of tourists放在介词by之后。新主语是单数,be动词用is;动词visit的过去分词为visited。时间状语every day保持不变,通常放在句末。
30.The little girl is taken care of by her aunt when her parents are away.
句意:当小女孩的父母不在家时,小女孩由她的姑姑照顾。take care of为动词短语,意为“照顾”,变为被动语态时介词of不可省略。原句中,“the little girl”是动作承受者作被动句主语,“takes care of”是谓语动词短语,一般现在时被动结构为is taken care of,“by her aunt”引出动作执行者,when引导的时间状语从句保持不变。故填The little girl is taken care of by her aunt when her parents are away.
31.Traditional skills should be protected
句意:我们应该保护传统技艺,使我们的文化遗产得以传承。将原句的宾语traditional skills变为被动句的主语,置于句首并大写首字母。原句谓语should protect包含情态动词should,改为被动语态时结构为“情态动词+be+过去分词”,即should be protected。原句主语We泛指人们,被动句中可使用by us;目的状语to keep our cultural heritage alive保持不变。应填Traditional skills should be protected。
32.Can books be borrowed by us from the school library?
句意:我们可以从学校图书馆借书吗?根据句意可知,要把主动句改为被动句,需要将主动句的宾语books变为被动句的主语;含有情态动词Can的被动语态结构为“Can+be+过去分词”;动词borrow的过去分词是borrowed;原句为一般疑问句,改写后仍需将Can置于句首;介词短语“from the school library”保持不变,动作发出者by us为体现结构完整性予以保留。故填Can books be borrowed by us from the school library?
33.His wife and children were invited to the party
句意:他邀请了他的妻子和孩子参加派对。原句宾语his wife and children是复数,变为被动句的主语,首字母大写。原句时态为一般过去时,新主语是复数,be动词用were,谓语动词invite的过去分词是invited。原句主语He变为by him置于句末。状语to the party保持不变。应填“His wife and children were invited to the party”。
34. was taught to by
句意:我们的英语老师昨天教了我们一首优美的歌。原句为一般过去时主动语态,谓语“taught”后接双宾语(us和a beautiful song);改为被动语态时,若以直接宾语“A beautiful song”作主语,则谓语用“was+过去分词”,teach的过去分词为“taught”;间接宾语“us”前加介词“to”;动作执行者“our English teacher”前加“by”。 故填was;taught;to;by。
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