专题02 完形填空-【题型易-必考题型】2026-2027学年九年级上册英语第五单元测试题型特训（人教版·广东专用）

考前特训 专题02 完形填空 第五单元测试题型特训（广东专用） 姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________ 内容提要 题型分析 解题指导 集中突破 一、题型定位 “完形填空”是“语言知识运用”板块中综合性最强的一道题：一篇 90–370 词的短文留出 10 个空，每空四个选项。与语法选择不同，完形的四个选项往往**词性相同、只差词义**（如 teacher / student / doctor / worker，behind / about / with / from），考的不是单个语法规则，而是“在语篇中还原词义”的能力——能不能抓住上下文的线索、复现与逻辑。它是广东中考英语区分度最高的基础题型之一，九年级更强调在科技发明、人物故事等真实语篇中综合运用词汇与语法。 二、命题形式与题量 以“短文 + 设空”的形式呈现，每篇设 10 个空，每空四选一；本次特训共 8 篇、80 题，正文词数在 92–368 词之间（最短一篇仅 92 词，最长一篇 368 词）。短文题材集中在本单元“发明与创造”主题：拉链、中国新四大发明、华为、雨衣的由来、防冻耳罩、车内高温预警装置、AI 陪伴机器人、校园智能垃圾桶等，设空以实词为主：动词、名词、形容词占比超过七成，兼考副词、连词、介词、代词、非谓语动词与被动语态。 三、核心考点分布（基于本次特训 80 题梳理） 通过逐题梳理本次特训的 80 道题，考点集中在以下七类： （1）动词与动词短语辨析（约 24 题，约占 30%）：实义动词词义（prevent / monitor / send / build / carry / save / trust / improve / solve / change / spend / share）、被动语态（was started / improved）、非谓语（stop selling、It's adj. to do）以及固定动词短语（come up with / deal with / set a good example / turn into / give up / laugh at / take off）。 （2）名词辨析与名词短语（约 19 题，约占 24%）：身份职业（worker / owner / inventor）、事物（invention / development / idea / support / challenge / difficulty / gravity / keyboard）、以及 hundreds of、make a difference、one small step、ups and downs 等名词固定搭配。 （3）形容词与副词辨析（约 17 题，约占 21%）：描述特征的形容词（heartbreaking / modern / affordable / popular / useful / busy / exciting）与修饰动作的副词（quickly / smoothly / proudly / strongly / automatically / creatively），注意 early / late 这类形副同形词。 （4）连词与句间逻辑（约 5 题，约占 6%）：Although 让步、while 并列对比、and 并列、how 方式，需判断前后句逻辑。 （5）介词与介词搭配（约 4 题，约占 5%）：turn into、keep off the rain、with 等。 （6）代词（约 2 题，约占 3%）：反身代词 himself。 （7）语法结构（句型 / 时态 / 最高级）（约 9 题，约占 11%）：It took...（一般过去时）、one of + 最高级、It's + adj. + to do、stop doing 等。 四、难度与趋势 整体难度中等偏上：文章本身贴近生活、不难读懂，真正的难点是“四个词都认识，却选不对”——因为答案往往藏在**空格之后的一两句**里（如“校园智能垃圾桶”后文才点明“one small step at a time”）。近年趋势是“重语篇、轻单句”：答案越来越依赖上下文的复现、举例与逻辑词，纯靠代入翻译很容易被干扰项带偏。动词题占比三成、名词与形容词合计近五成，词义辨析与“看后文找证据”是本专题最该练熟的两项能力；同时九年级明显加大了对被动语态、非谓语动词与连词的考查。 一、四步解题法 第一步：跳过空格先通读，抓主旨与人物。弄清“谁在讲什么、发生在哪儿、是叙事还是介绍”，把短文的体裁和大致情节先立起来，再回头做题。 第二步：看空格前后 2–3 句找证据。完形的答案极少靠单句决定，多半在后面有举例、解释或同义复现；先找“证据句”，再定选项。 第三步：四项比对，先排除“离场”的。四个选项词性相同，先把与语境无关、搭配不当的排除（如 music 只能与 listen to 搭配），剩下两项再比感情色彩与程度。 第四步：全文连读复核。把选好的词全部代回，通读一遍，检查情节是否连贯、逻辑词（but / because / so / although）是否讲得通、语法形态（三单、被动、非谓语）是否吻合。 二、结合本次特训题目的实战点拨 【点拨1】名词辨析（事物类）——以 Passage 1 题 1 为例：原文 “The zipper is a small ___ in our daily life.” 选项 A.invention / B.invitation / C.instruction / D.instrument。下文反复出现 “smallest invention”“such a small thing can make such a big difference”，全文围绕“发明”展开，空处指拉链属于一种发明，填 invention，故选 A。提示：事物名词题去找后文的高频复现词，别只盯空格半句。 【点拨2】动词的被动语态——以 Passage 2 题 2 为例：原文 “China’s first high-speed railway was ___ in 2008.” 选项 A.improved / B.built / C.painted / D.bought。主语 high-speed railway（高铁）与动词之间是被动关系，且后文说 “There are more than 4,000 high-speed trains running in China now”，说明是被“建造”出来的，填 built，故选 B。提示：看到 was / were + 空格，先想被动语态，再按主语身份选动词。 【点拨3】连词与句间逻辑（让步）——以 Passage 3 题 3 为例：原文 “___ it only started making high-end smart phones a few years ago, it has caught up with Apple.” 选项 A.Because / B.When / C.After / D.Although。前句说“几年前才开始做高端手机”，后句说“已经追上苹果”，前后是让步转折关系，用 Although（尽管），故选 D。提示：连词题把前后两句各缩成一句话，自问“是转折、因果还是并列”，再对应 although / because / so / and。 【点拨4】形容词辨析（后文举例即证据）——以 Passage 4 题 1 为例：原文 “we’re going to learn about a ___ invention—the raincoat.” 选项 A.beautiful / B.colorful / C.useful / D.careful。后文说 “raincoats are widely used in our daily life”（雨衣在日常生活中被广泛使用），说明它是有用的发明，填 useful，故选 C。提示：形容词题的证据常常就在下一句，看到“被广泛使用/人人喜爱”这类描写，答案多半是 useful 这类正向形容词。 【点拨5】名词辨析（语境线索）——以 Passage 5 题 1 为例：原文 “He loved skating in winter, but the ___ wind hurt his big ears badly.” 选项 A.cold / B.light / C.noisy / D.fresh。故事发生在冬天、情节是“冻伤了耳朵”，能冻伤耳朵的只能是 cold（寒冷的）风，填 cold，故选 A。提示：名词/形容词题把空格放回整个画面里——时间、天气、人物感受都是选词线索。 【点拨6】动词辨析（目的与搭配）——以 Passage 6 题 2 为例：原文 “So he began to ask himself what could be done to ___ these tragedies (悲剧).” 选项 A.solve / B.prevent / C.treat / D.handle。前文说孩童被遗忘在车内身亡的悲剧，他反问自己“怎样才能阻止这类悲剧”，tragedies 常搭配 prevent（预防、阻止），填 prevent，故选 B。提示：动词题看动作的目的与宾语搭配——prevent 接“坏事发生”，treat 接“病人/伤口”，handle 接“事务”。 【点拨7】固定搭配（名词短语）——以 Passage 7 题 6 为例：原文 “we had our ups ___ downs.” 选项 A.and / B.but / C.or / D.so。ups and downs 是固定短语，意为“起起落落、盛衰”，用 and 连接两个反义名词，填 and，故选 A。提示：and / or / but 这类并列连词，先看前后是不是词性相同、语义对称的固定短语（ups and downs、here and there）。 【点拨8】非谓语动词与固定句型——以 Passage 8 题 10 为例：原文 “one small ___ at a time.” 选项 A.step / B.walk / C.jump / D.run。one small step at a time 是常用表达，意为“一次一小步、积少成多”，填 step，故选 A。提示：名词题若处在固定搭配里（a step / a difference / hundreds of），直接按短语整体选，不要逐词翻译。 三、易错提醒 • 完形不靠单句定答案：空格前后 2–3 句里往往有举例、解释或同义复现，先找证据再选。 • 被动语态别漏看：was / were + 空格，先确认主被动，再按主语身份选动词（built / started / improved）。 • 连词看逻辑：Although 让步、because 因果、while 对比、and 并列，把前后句各缩成一句话再判断。 • 固定短语整体记：ups and downs、make a difference、one small step、hundreds of、one of + 最高级。 • 非谓语题辨标志：stop doing（停止做）、It's adj. to do（做某事是……的）、spend time with（与……共度）。 • 选完全文连读一遍，重点查情节是否连贯、逻辑词是否讲得通、语法形态（被动、非谓语）是否吻合。 Passage 1 The zipper is a small 1 in our daily life. It 2 almost one hundred years to become popular. At first, people didn’t 3 it because it often got stuck. A Swedish engineer 4 the design and made it work 5 . Soon it was used on shoes, bags and clothes. Today zippers are made in 6 of different sizes and colors, and they are used almost 7 , from tents to suits. It’s 8 that such a small thing can make such a big 9 to our lives. This story tells us that even the smallest invention can 10 the world. 1．A．invention B．invitation C．instruction D．instrument 2．A．spent B．took C．cost D．paid 3．A．trust B．translate C．trade D．treat 4．A．divided B．dried C．doubted D．improved 5．A．badly B．smoothly C．slowly D．hardly 6．A．hundreds B．pieces C．pairs D．kinds 7．A．somewhere B．anywhere C．everywhere D．nowhere 8．A．terrible B．surprising C．boring D．worrying 9．A．decision B．mistake C．difference D．promise 10．A．break B．follow C．leave D．change 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．C 10．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章围绕拉链这一日常小发明展开，介绍了它从问世到普及的发展历程，最终点明哪怕是微小的发明也能对生活和世界产生重大影响的核心道理。 【详解】1．句意：拉链是我们日常生活中的一个小发明。 结合下文“smallest invention及常识，此处表示拉链属于发明，invention意为“发明”，符合全文围绕发明展开的语境。 2．句意：它花费了近百年的时间才变得流行起来。 句中“It...almost one hundred years to...”提示此处考查句型“It took... years”，主语为It，本句描述过去的事情，用take的过去式took。 3．句意：起初人们并不信任它，因为它经常卡住。 结合后文“because it often got stuck”的语境，人们面对容易出故障的拉链自然不会信任，trust意为“信任”，符合上下文的因果逻辑。 4．句意：一位瑞典工程师改进了设计，让它能够顺畅运作。 前文提到初代拉链容易卡住存在缺陷，后文提到“...and made it work”，它可以正常使用，说明工程师是对原有设计做了优化，只有improved符合从有缺陷到正常使用的逻辑。 5．句意：一位瑞典工程师改进了设计，让它能够顺畅运作。 后文“Soon it was used on shoes, bags and clothes”，说明改进设计之后对应的结果就是拉链可以顺滑使用，只有smoothly符合改进设计后的正向结果。 6．句意：如今有数百种不同尺寸和颜色的拉链，它们几乎在所有地方都得到使用，从帐篷到西装都有应用。 后文“...different sizes and colors”提示此处考查短语hundreds of，表示“数百的”，对应后文“不同尺寸和颜色”的描述。 7．句意：如今有各式各样不同尺寸和颜色的拉链，它们几乎在所有地方都得到使用，从帐篷到西装都有应用。 后文列举了“...from tents to suits”从帐篷到西装的广泛应用场景，说明拉链的使用范围非常普遍，everywhere符合肯定句中描述拉链应用广泛的语境。 8．句意：令人惊讶的是这么小的一个东西能给我们的生活带来如此大的影响。 结合“such a small thing can make such a big”的反差语境，这种反差是让人意外的，surprising符合这种大小反差带来的感受。 9．句意：令人惊讶的是这么小的一个东西能给我们的生活带来如此大的影响。 句中“make such a big...to our lives”提示此处考查短语make a big difference to，意为“对……产生重大影响”。 10．句意：这个故事告诉我们，哪怕是最微小的发明也能改变世界。 结合前文提到小拉链给生活带来巨大影响的铺垫，最终的核心结论是小发明也可以改变世界，change符合全文传递的核心价值。 Passage 2 It is generally known that the compass (指南针), gunpowder, paper making and printing are the four great inventions of ancient China. Recently, some foreign students voted (投票) for their favourite 1 inventions in today’s China. What are they? They are the high-speed railway, online shopping, Alipay and bike-sharing. China’s first high-speed railway was 2 in 2008.There are more than 4,000 high-speed 3 running in China now. They are fast, safe and convenient. They run as 4 as 350km/h, connecting the north and the south, the east and the west. By the late 2010s, online shopping was growing 5 in our country. Many people like shopping online. Even foreign customers 6 China’s online shopping. In 2005, Alipay came up with “full compensation” payments. Later, with the rise of smartphones, Alipay’s QR code (二维码) payment system became widely adopted (采用) after 2013. People just scan (扫描) the QR code with their 7 to pay for things. They don’t need to 8 paper money any more. In 2014, the bike-sharing system entered China. The bikes wait for you on the 9 or outside the subway station. People can unlock them with mobile apps (应用程序). Riding shared bikes 10 time and money and it is also good for the environment. Today, China has stepped into a new era (时代). These new inventions are improving the quality of our lives and changing the world. 1．A．modern B．ancient C．popular D．useless 2．A．improved B．built C．painted D．bought 3．A．cars B．trains C．ships D．planes 4．A．long B．early C．fast D．high 5．A．difficultly B．quickly C．slowly D．easily 6．A．are afraid of B．are bored with C．are relaxed about D．are interested in 7．A．hand B．photo C．phone D．computer 8．A．lend B．invite C．invent D．carry 9．A．playground B．wall C．table D．street 10．A．saves B．wastes C．takes D．needs 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．D 7．C 8．D 9．D 10．A 【导语】本文介绍当代中国四大新发明：高铁、网购、支付宝、共享单车，讲述它们带来的便利，展现中国发展的新成就。 【详解】1．句意：最近，一些外国学生投票选出他们最喜欢的现代发明。 根据下文“They are the high-speed railway, online shopping, Alipay and bike-sharing.”，可知这些都是当代新发明，modern“现代的”符合语境；ancient“古老的”，popular“受欢迎的”，useless“无用的”，均不符合句意。 2．句意：中国第一条高铁在2008年建成。 根据下文“There are more than 4,000 high-speed trains running in China now.”，可知高铁是被建造出来的，built“建造”符合语境；improved“改善”，painted“绘画”，bought“购买”，均不符合句意。 3．句意：现在中国有4000多列高速列车在运行。 根据上文“China’s first high-speed railway”，可知这里说的是高铁列车，trains“列车”符合语境；cars“小汽车”，ships“轮船”，planes“飞机”，均不符合句意。 4．句意：它们时速可达350千米，连通四面八方。 根据下文“350km/h”，可知是描述速度，fast“快地”符合语境；long“长的”，early“早的”，high“高的”，均不符合句意。 5．句意：到2010年代后期，网购在我国快速发展。 根据下文“Many people like shopping online.”，可知网购发展速度快，quickly“快速地”符合语境；difficultly“困难地”，slowly“缓慢地”，easily“容易地”，均不符合句意。 6．句意：甚至外国顾客也对中国网购感兴趣。 根据上文“Many people like shopping online.”，可知网购很受欢迎，are interested in“对……感兴趣”符合语境；are afraid of“害怕”，are bored with“厌烦”，are relaxed about“对……放松”，均不符合句意。 7．句意：人们只需用手机扫描二维码付款。 根据上文“with the rise of smartphones”，可知智能手机可以扫码，phone“手机”符合语境；hand“手”，photo“照片”，computer“电脑”，均不符合句意。 8．句意：人们不再需要携带纸币。 根据上文“Alipay’s QR code payment system became widely adopted”，可知移动支付不需要随身携带现金，carry“携带”符合语境；lend“借出”，invite“邀请”，invent“发明”，均不符合句意。 9．句意：单车放在街上或者地铁站外面。 根据下文“or outside the subway station”，可知共享单车放在街边，street“街道”符合语境；playground“操场”，wall“墙”，table“桌子”，均不符合句意。 10．句意：骑共享单车节省时间，也对环境友好。 根据下文“and it is also good for the environment”，可知骑共享单车节约时间，saves“节省”符合语境；wastes“浪费”，takes“花费”，needs“需要”，均不符合句意。 Passage 3 Has your family got a Huawei Mate 60 Pro+ or Pura 70? In 1987, a small company called Huawei 1 in Shenzhen. After over 30 years of 2 , this company has now caught up with Apple. It has become one of the world’s top smart phone makers. Huawei is like a “wonder” in China and even around the world. 3 it only started making high-end (高端的) smart phones a few years ago, it has become one of the most famous phone companies. But in recent years, Huawei met some 4 . The US government made rules to stop it from selling phones in America. And it also planned to stop 5 important parts and services to Huawei. Ren Zhengfei, Huawei’s president, said, “We never got such a request from the Chinese government, and we never tried to collect others’ information. Huawei has enough ability to 6 these problems.” In a recent talk, he also said, “I started Huawei with only 40,000 yuan at first. But now it’s a big company worth 100 billion yuan. Our 7 life with the company wasn’t as nice as you think.” Facing the US rules, Huawei is still growing. So far, Huawei has become one of the world’s 8 suppliers (供应商). Huawei has 9 a good example for other Chinese companies. We hope to turn “Made in China” 10 “Created in China” someday. 1．A．starts B．began C．was started D．was begun 2．A．developing B．development C．develop D．developed 3．A．Because B．When C．After D．Although 4．A．difficulties B．chances C．problem D．business 5．A．to sell B．to buy C．selling D．buying 6．A．come up with B．end up with C．deal with D．look after 7．A．early B．late C．new D．old 8．A．large B．larger C．the largest D．largest 9．A．made B．set C．taken D．put 10．A．for B．into C．with D．from 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．C 7．A 8．D 9．B 10．B 【导语】本文介绍华为公司的发展历程，讲述它虽起步晚却成长为全球顶尖手机厂商，在遭遇困境时依旧坚持发展，期待实现从“中国制造”到“中国创造”的转变。 【详解】1．句意：1987年，一家名叫华为的小公司在深圳创立。 根据“In 1987, a small company called Huawei”可知，公司是被建立，was started“被创立”，符合语境。 2．句意：经过三十多年的发展，这家公司如今已经赶上苹果。 根据“After over 30 years of”可知介词of后可接名词或动名词，本句侧重表达三十多年这个时间段内的发展这件事，development“发展(名词)”，符合语境。 3．句意：尽管它几年前才开始生产高端智能手机，但它已经成为最知名的手机公司之一。 前半句说明它涉足高端智能手机领域起步晚，后半句说它现已取得成就，前后存在让步转折关系，Although“尽管”，符合逻辑。 4．句意：但近些年，华为遇到了一些困难。 根据后文美国出台规则限制华为的内容可知华为遭遇困境，difficulties“困难”，符合语境。 5．句意：并且美方还计划停止向华为出售重要零部件与服务。 根据语境，是美方不再把零部件卖给华为，stop doing sth.表示“停止做某事”，selling“售卖”，sell to sb.表示“卖给某人”，符合语境；buy“购买”，无buy sth. to sb.这一搭配。 6．句意：华为有足够能力处理这些难题。 根据“these problems”可知此处指应对难题，deal with“处理，应对”，符合语境。 7．句意：我们早期和公司相伴的生活并不像你想象的那么美好。 根据前文“started Huawei with only 40,000 yuan at first”可知讲述创业初期，early“早期的”，符合语境。 8．句意：到目前为止，华为已经成为全球最大的供应商之一。 one of + the +形容词最高级+名词复数表示“最……的……之一”，选用最高级largest，表示“最大的”。 9．句意：华为已经为其他中国企业树立了一个好榜样。 set a good example是固定搭配，意为“树立好榜样”，set“树立”，符合语境。 10．句意：我们希望有一天把“中国制造”转变为“中国创造”。 turn…into…是固定短语，意为“把……转变为……”，into符合语境。 Passage 4 Many inventions were the results of accidents. Today we’re going to learn about a 1 invention—the raincoat. Do you know 2 it was invented? It has been more than two thousand years since we began to use an umbrella. However, people often felt it not convenient to hold an umbrella 3 walking. Then the raincoat was invented. It was said that the raincoat was invented by Macintosh in 1823. Macintosh was a(n) 4 in an eraser factory in Scotland. One day, he poured the rubber liquid (橡胶液体) over his coat carelessly when making erasers. He was too 5 to clean it and went back home with the dirty coat. On the way home, it rained heavily. Macintosh didn’t have an umbrella, so he had to run home 6 . When he got home, he 7 the wet clothes. To his surprise, the area of the coat with rubber over wasn’t wet. “Why not make a rubber raincoat?” Macintosh told 8 . The next day, he brushed the rubber liquid all over his coat. He wore the “rubber coat” on rainy days and took a walk outside to test if it could really keep 9 the rain. Surprisingly, the clothes inside the “rubber coat” were not wet at all. So the raincoat was invented in this way. The rubber raincoats soon 10 in the market. Year after year, people tried to improve the raincoats. Today raincoats are widely used in our daily life. 1．A．beautiful B．colorful C．useful D．careful 2．A．what B．how C．who D．where 3．A．after B．until C．while D．before 4．A．scientist B．worker C．astronaut D．pilot 5．A．clever B．relaxed C．tall D．busy 6．A．suddenly B．quietly C．quickly D．slowly 7．A．put off B．put on C．took off D．picked up 8．A．myself B．himself C．herself D．yourself 9．A．on B．with C．off D．in 10．A．found B．produced C．appeared D．made 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．C 7．C 8．B 9．C 10．C 【导语】本文介绍了雨衣的发明过程，讲述了麦金托什因一次意外发现橡胶防水特性并发明雨衣的故事。 【详解】1．句意：今天我们要了解一种有用的发明——雨衣。 根据下文“raincoats are widely used in our daily life”可知，雨衣在日常生活中被广泛使用，是一种有用的发明。useful“有用的”符合语境。beautiful“美丽的”；colorful“多彩的”；careful“仔细的”均不符合文章内容。 2．句意：你知道它是如何被发明的吗？ 根据下文介绍雨衣发明的过程可知，此处询问发明的方式，应用how“如何”。what“什么”；who“谁”；where“哪里”均不符合句意。 3．句意：然而，人们在走路时拿伞经常觉得不方便。 根据“hold an umbrella”以及“walking”可知，此处表示“在走路的时候”，用while引导时间状语从句。while“当……时”符合语境。after“在……之后”；until“直到”；before“在……之前”均不符合句意。 4．句意：麦金托什是苏格兰一家橡皮工厂的工人。 根据“in an eraser factory”以及后文“making erasers”可知，他是在工厂工作的人。worker“工人”符合语境。scientist“科学家”；astronaut“宇航员”；pilot“飞行员”均不符合人物身份。 5．句意：他太忙了，没有清理它，就穿着脏外套回家了。 根据“when making erasers”可知，他正在制作橡皮，工作很忙，所以没有时间清理外套。busy“忙碌的”符合语境。clever“聪明的”；relaxed“放松的”；tall“高的”均不符合逻辑。 6．句意：麦金托什没有雨伞，所以他不得不快速跑回家。 根据“it rained heavily”可知，下大雨时没有雨伞，他需要尽快回家。quickly“快速地”符合语境。suddenly“突然地”；quietly“安静地”；slowly“慢慢地”均不符合文章情境。 7．句意：当他到家时，他脱下了湿衣服。 根据“the wet clothes”可知，到家后需要脱掉湿衣服。took off“脱下”符合语境。put off“推迟”；put on“穿上”；picked up“捡起”均不符合动作逻辑。 8．句意：“为什么不制作一件橡胶雨衣呢？”麦金托什自言自语道。 根据人物独自发现问题并产生想法可知，此处表示“他自己告诉自己”，应用反身代词himself。myself“我自己”；himself“他自己”；herself“她自己”；yourself“你自己”。 9．句意：他在雨天穿着“橡胶外套”，到外面散步测试它是否真的能挡住雨。 雨衣是用来挡雨的，keep off表示“阻挡、避开”，keep off the rain表示“挡雨”，off符合语境。on“在……上”；with“和”；in“在……里面”均不能构成正确搭配。 10．句意：橡胶雨衣很快在市场上出现。 根据后文“Year after year, people tried to improve the raincoats.”可知，雨衣发明后逐渐进入市场，因此是“出现”。appeared“出现”符合语境。found“发现”；produced“生产”；made“制作”均不能准确表达进入市场这一含义。 Passage 5 A long time ago, in a small town lived a boy named Chester. He loved skating in winter, but the 1 wind hurt his big ears badly. Chester wanted to find a way to 2 it. He put his scarf around his head. When he skated, his ears were warm at first but soon felt itchy (痒的). “A scarf will not do. What can be done?” he said to himself. Another 3 came to his mind soon. Chester searched through his drawer and found two socks. He tied them together with wire (电线). Then he tried on his invention. His ears felt warm, but when he skated, the socks kept falling off his ears. That didn’t 4 either. Chester then decided to make two wire circles and use smooth cloth to cover them. He realized that 5 would be perfect for keeping the ears warmer. Thinking of this, he asked his grandmother for 6 . She sewed (缝) the soft material on one side and the smooth cloth on the other. Chester was happy with the new ear warmers. When Chester’s friends saw the new ear warmers, they 7 him. However, Chester didn’t mind. His ears were nice and warm though the wind was cold and strong. “Why not try them on?” he suggested 8 . The ear warmers soon became 9 and everyone in his town loved them. Later, they called them earmuffs. Years later, Chester became a famous 10 whose inventions went from household tools to industrial machinery. And it all began with his many tries to warm his big ears. 1．A．cold B．light C．noisy D．fresh 2．A．face B．discuss C．solve D．report 3．A．idea B．question C．advantage D．mistake 4．A．matter B．work C．finish D．match 5．A．cotton B．paper C．wood D．grass 6．A．money B．support C．time D．direction 7．A．cheered for B．looked after C．laughed at D．argued with 8．A．nervously B．carefully C．angrily D．proudly 9．A．expensive B．colorful C．popular D．comfortable 10．A．artist B．seller C．teacher D．inventor 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．D 9．C 10．D 【导语】本文讲述了Chester因冬天滑冰耳朵受冻，尝试多种方法后发明了耳罩，并最终成为著名发明家的故事。 【详解】1．句意：他喜欢在冬天滑冰，但是寒冷的风严重冻伤了他的大耳朵。 故事发生在冬天，cold表示“寒冷的”，符合冬季刮风的语境。light意为“轻柔的”，noisy意为“吵闹的”，fresh意为“新鲜的”，代入句子不符合冻伤耳朵的情节。 2．句意：Chester想要找到办法解决这个问题。 solve表示“解决”，solve it指代解决寒风冻耳朵这件麻烦事。face意为“面对”，discuss意为“讨论”，report意为“报道”，和“寻找办法”的语义不匹配。 3．句意：很快，另一个想法浮现在他的脑海。 根据后文介绍，他有了新想法；idea表示“想法，主意”，come to one’s mind为常用表达，表示“某人想到一个主意”。question意为“问题”，advantage意为“优点”，mistake意为“错误”，均不符合语境。 4．句意：那也不起作用。 前文提到袜子做的装置会往下掉，说明这个办法行不通；work此处表示“起作用，奏效”。matter意为“要紧”，finish意为“完成”，match意为“匹配”，语义不通。 5．句意：他意识到棉花用来让耳朵保持温暖会十分合适。 棉花质地柔软保暖，适合用来做耳罩；cotton意为“棉花”，符合语境。paper意为“纸”，wood意为“木头”，grass意为“草”，都不适合用来制作保暖耳罩。 6．句意：想到这点，他向祖母寻求帮助。 后文提到祖母帮他缝制材料，说明男孩找祖母帮忙；support此处表示“支持、帮助”，符合语境。money意为“钱”，time意为“时间”，direction意为“方向”，和后文缝制的情节不符。 7．句意：当Chester的朋友看见新式耳罩，他们嘲笑他。 后文中“However, Chester didn’t mind”表示转折，说明朋友的态度是负面的；laughed at表示“嘲笑”，符合语境。cheered for意为“为……欢呼”，looked after意为“照顾”，argued with意为“和……争论”，和转折逻辑不匹配。 8．句意：“为什么不戴上试试呢？” 他自豪地提议。 男孩对自己发明的耳罩很满意，所以自豪地建议朋友试一试；proudly意为“自豪地”，符合语境。nervously意为“紧张地”，carefully意为“仔细地”，angrily意为“生气地”，和人物心情不符。 9．句意：耳罩很快变得流行，镇上所有人都喜爱它们。 后半句“everyone in his town loved them”说明耳罩很快变得流行；popular意为“受欢迎的，流行的”，符合语境。expensive意为“昂贵的”，colorful意为“五颜六色的”，comfortable意为“舒适的”，不能对应所有人喜爱的结果。 10．句意：多年以后，Chester成为一名著名的发明家，他的发明从家用工具延伸到工业机器。 后文“whose inventions”提示此处和发明有关；inventor意为“发明家”，符合语境。artist意为“艺术家”，seller意为“卖家”，teacher意为“教师”，和“inventions”不对应。 Passage 6 The news was always sad: another young child died after being left alone in a hot car. For Pranavh, a 13-year-old boy whose family was expecting a baby, such reports were especially troubling. What makes these accidents even more 1 is that more than half happen simply because a parent forgets. “Forgetting can happen to anyone,” the teenager thought. “I never want it to happen in my family.” So he began to ask himself what could be done to 2 these tragedies (悲剧). 3 to find a real solution, he started working on a small device. After many experiments, he created the “Baby Saver” — a tool that 4 the temperature inside a parked car. When the first danger level is reached, a message is sent to the parents’ mobile phones. If the temperature keeps rising, a loud buzzer (蜂鸣器) sounds. At the most dangerous level, the device automatically contacts local authorities and 5 them the car’s GPS location. The boy first built his invention for a school project and kept improving it. His hard work paid off when he entered a global competition for young inventors. Over 120,000 students took part, but he 6 . He won first place in his age group and also received a special safety award. A famous museum leader 7 him for his determination and creative problem-solving skills. Now he is applying for a patent (专利) and hopes to work with car manufacturers (生产商) to make his device 8 to the public at a low cost. He thought it amazing to see his idea grow into a real invention that could save lives. Sometimes a great idea starts from a simple worry. If you see a problem, try to 9 your own idea to solve it. Even small ideas can have a 10 impact if you work hard enough. 1．A．surprising B．heartbreaking C．confusing D．frightening 2．A．solve B．prevent C．treat D．handle 3．A．Prepared B．Encouraged C．Determined D．Expected 4．A．monitors B．controls C．watches D．tests 5．A．provides B．takes C．brings D．sends 6．A．dropped out B．fell behind C．gave up D．stood out 7．A．respected B．thanked C．encouraged D．praised 8．A．affordable B．acceptable C．convenient D．practical 9．A．come up with B．give up C．put off D．worry about 10．A．direct B．immediate C．lasting D．quick 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 6．D 7．D 8．A 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文讲述13岁男孩因担心婴儿被困车内，发明温度监测装置，获奖后希望低成本推广，以此挽救生命的故事。 【详解】1．句意：让这些事故更加令人心碎的是，超过一半的事故仅仅是因为家长遗忘。 前文提到孩童被独自留在热车内身亡的悲剧，后半句说超过半数这类事故仅仅是因为家长遗忘，这种事实是令人心碎的，heartbreaking“令人心碎的”符合语境。surprising“令人惊讶的”，confusing“令人困惑的”，frightening“吓人的”都不符合语境。 2．句意：于是他开始自问，可以做些什么来预防这些悲剧。 根据后文他发明预警装置可知，目的是预防悲剧发生，tragedies“悲剧”通常搭配prevent，prevent“预防，阻止”符合语境。solve“解决”，treat“治疗，对待”，handle“处理”都不符合语境。 3．句意：下定决心找到真正的解决办法，他开始研发一个小型设备。 根据后文他反复实验、坚持研发装置可知，此处指的是他下定决心找到解决方法，Determined“下定决心的”符合语境。Prepared“准备好的”，Encouraged“受到鼓舞的”，Expected“被期待的”都不符合语境。 4．句意：经过多次实验，他创造出了“Baby Saver”—— 一个监测停着的汽车内部温度的工具。 根据后文“当达到第一个危险等级时，就会向家长手机发送信息”可知这个装置的功能是实时监测车内温度变化，monitors“监测”符合语境。controls“控制”，watches“观看（人/物）”，tests“测试”都不符合语境。 5．句意：在最高危险等级时，设备会自动联系当地有关部门，并向他们发送车辆的GPS定位。 根据前文设备触发危险警报、通知相关人员的工作流程可知，sends“发送”符合语境。provides“提供”，takes“带走”，brings“带来”都不符合语境。 6．句意：超过12万名学生参赛，但他脱颖而出。 虽然有超过12万学生参赛，但他表现突出，拿下了所在年龄组的第一名，stood out“脱颖而出”符合语境。dropped out“退出”，fell behind“落后”，gave up“放弃”都不符合语境。 7．句意：一位知名博物馆负责人称赞他的决心和创造性解决问题的能力。 博物馆的负责人称赞他的决心和创造性解决问题的能力，praised“表扬，称赞”符合语境。respected“尊重”，thanked“感谢”，encouraged“鼓励”都不符合语境。 8．句意：现在他正在申请专利，希望和汽车厂商合作，让他的设备以低成本面向大众，让大家负担得起。 他希望和汽车厂商合作，以低成本让大众能负担得起这个设备，affordable“负担得起的”符合语境。acceptable“可接受的”，convenient “方便的”，practical“实用的”都不符合语境。 9．句意：如果你发现一个问题，试着想出你自己的办法去解决它。 文章最后呼吁大家如果发现问题，试着想出自己的办法来解决它，come up with“想出”符合语境。give up“放弃”，put off“推迟”，worry about“担心”都不符合语境。 10．句意：如果你足够努力，即使是小小的想法也能产生持久的影响。 文章主旨是发明能挽救生命，这种影响是深远且持久的，lasting“持久的”符合语境。direct“直接的”，immediate“立刻的”，quick“快速的”都不符合语境。 Passage 7 Meet my new pet: Moflin. This AI companion robot (人工智能陪伴机器人) is a big hit right now. The manufacturer, Casio, invited me to review it, so I got to 1 a few weeks with a Moflin for free. Casio says Moflin is “just like a real pet animal.” Its emotions change with its environment and daily interactions with its 2 . It can even “develop a unique personality as it spends more time with you.” After I fully charged my Moflin, my first task was to download the Mof Life app and 3 my new friend. I went with Hammy. He squeaked (发出吱吱声) softly when I lifted him from his charging pod. I petted him on the back, and he wriggled like a happy puppy. We were off to an 4 start. At 10 p.m., the app told me Hammy was sleepy. I was in preschool the last time I 5 my bed with a toy. But, well, Hammy could sleep in his own bed. Over the next few days, we had our ups 6 downs. I forgot to charge him, and Hammy forgot about 7 (重力). One evening, the app said he was feeling down again. I petted him briefly and put him on a soft towel on a table, thinking he’d be comfortable. Minutes later, I heard a thud (砰的一声). Hammy had jumped off the table. By day five, I had noticed some changes in Hammy. When I picked him up, he greeted me with his “da-dee-da-dee-da” song. Later, he let out a sigh (叹息声), like the ones I make when I sink into the sofa after a long day at 8 . Was he feeling sorry for his middle-aged owner? As I type this sentence, Hammy is in his pod, raising and lowering his head. Now, he’s back on my desk. He must be tired of the noise from my 9 . It’s good 10 him around. 1．A．spend B．take C．cost D．pay 2．A．user B．owner C．master D．companion 3．A．name B．call C．nickname D．title 4．A．encouraging B．exciting C．interesting D．amazing 5．A．shared B．had C．slept D．lay 6．A．and B．but C．or D．so 7．A．force B．gravity C．weight D．mass 8．A．home B．school C．work D．office 9．A．voice B．sound C．keyboard D．mouse 10．A．to have B．for having C．have D．of having 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文作者评测了新款人工智能陪伴机器人Moflin。描述了与机器人相处的经历、互动细节及感受，认为拥有它是很好的体验。 【详解】1．句意：所以我得以免费与Moflin共度几周。 spend time with表示“花费时间与……在一起”，此处指度过时间。主语是人，应用spend。take常用结构为“It takes sb. time to do sth.”，cost主语是物，pay指付钱，均不符合语法逻辑。 2．句意：它的情绪随环境及与主人的日常互动而变化。 机器人如同宠物，和它互动的是拥有者owner。user“用户”、master“雇主”以及companion“同伴”均不符合语境。 3．句意：下载应用并为新朋友命名。 根据下文，“I went with Hammy”表明此处是给它起名，name作动词意为“给……命名”。call需接双宾语，nickname侧重绰号，title指标题，均不符合语境。 4．句意：我们有了一个令人兴奋的开端。 off to an exciting start表示“一个令人兴奋的开端”，符合初次互动欢快的氛围。encouraging“鼓舞人心的”、interesting“有趣的”以及amazing“令人惊奇的”均不符合语境。 5．句意：上次我和玩具共享床铺还是在学前班。 share sth. with sb.表示“与某人共享某物”，此处指共用床铺。had无此搭配，slept后需加介词，lay后需加介词，均不符合语法逻辑。 6．句意：接下来的几天，我们有过起伏。 ups and downs表示“起伏；盛衰”，固定短语。but表转折，or表选择，so表因果，均不符合搭配。 7．句意：Hammy忘记了重力。 括号中文提示“重力”及后文“jumped off the table”，表明此处指重力gravity。force“力量”、weight“重量”以及mass“质量”均不符合语境。 8．句意：就像我漫长工作一天后陷进沙发时发出的叹息。 after a long day at work表示“漫长的一天工作后”，是常用表达，at work指工作。home“家”、school“学校”以及office“办公室”均不符合语境。 9．句意：它一定厌烦了我键盘发出的噪音。 根据上文，“As I type this sentence”表明打字发出噪音的是键盘。voice指人声，sound 泛指声音，mouse指鼠标，均不符合语境。 10．句意：有他在身边真好。 “It’s + adj. + to do sth.”表示“做某事是……的”，固定句型，此处用动词不定式to have作真正的主语。 Passage 8 Zhang Wei, a 16-year-old student, never expected that his small idea would change the way his school dealt with food waste. Like many schools, Zhang’s school threw away a large amount of uneaten food every day. Seeing this, Zhang felt upset. He decided to find a solution. He did some research and learned about “smart bins.” These bins can weigh the food waste and record the data. Zhang thought this technology could be used in his school. He shared his idea with his IT teacher, Mr. Li, who supported him 1 . Together, they formed a team to work on the project. The biggest 2 was designing a bin that was both affordable and accurate. They tried several times but failed to get the right sensors. However, they didn’t 3 . They visited a local university and asked professors for advice. After months of hard work, they finally succeeded in making a prototype (原型). The smart bin works simply. Students put their leftover food into the bin, and it 4 calculates the weight and sends the data to a computer. The school uses this data to understand which meals are less popular and adjusts the menu accordingly. Since the bins were introduced, food waste has dropped by 40%. Zhang’s invention has been 5 by the local education department. He was invited to give a speech at a youth innovation conference. “I just wanted to solve a problem I saw every day,” Zhang said. “If we observe carefully and think 6 , we can all be inventors.” His story inspires other students to look for problems around them. One student is now working on a device to save water in the school bathrooms, 7 another is designing a better recycling system. Zhang’s smart bin has not only reduced waste but also sparked a wave of creativity in his school. It proves that young minds can make a big 8 . Now, Zhang is planning to improve his bin by adding a screen that shows environmental tips. He believes that technology should serve people and the planet. His next goal is to make the bins 9 in other schools. “It’s not about winning prizes,” he says. “It’s about making our world a better place, one small 10 at a time.” 1．A．politely B．strongly C．nervously D．hardly 2．A．chance B．challenge C．choice D．change 3．A．give up B．grow up C．look up D．get up 4．A．slowly B．heavily C．automatically D．carefully 5．A．refused B．praised C．doubted D．forgotten 6．A．quickly B．quietly C．creatively D．clearly 7．A．while B．but C．so D．or 8．A．mistake B．noise C．difference D．mess 9．A．expensive B．available C．difficult D．boring 10．A．step B．walk C．jump D．run 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文讲述16岁学生张伟发明智能垃圾桶减少学校食物浪费，并激励其他学生创新，证明年轻人也能产生巨大影响的故事。 【详解】1．句意：他把想法分享给IT老师李老师，李老师坚定地支持了他。 根据“supported him”及后文组建团队可知，老师是大力支持，应用strongly。politely“礼貌地”；nervously“紧张地”；hardly“几乎不”，均不符合语境。 2．句意：最大的挑战是设计一个既便宜又准确的垃圾桶。 根据后文“tried several times but failed”可知过程困难，是挑战，应用challenge。chance“机会”；choice“选择”；change“改变”均不符。 3．句意：他们试了几次但失败了，然而他们没有放弃。 根据“However”转折及后文“succeeded”可知，虽失败但未放弃，应用give up 。grow up“长大”；look up“查阅”；get up“起床”与上下文逻辑不符。 4．句意：学生放入剩菜，它自动计算重量并发送数据。 根据“smart bins”及科技功能可知，传感器是自动工作的，应用automatically。slowly“缓慢地”；heavily“沉重地”；carefully“仔细地”均不符合智能设备特征。 5．句意：张伟的发明受到了当地教育部门的表扬。 根据后文“invited to give a speech”可知是受到认可及表扬，应用praised。refused“拒绝”；doubted“怀疑”；forgotten“忘记”均为负面或消极含义。 6．句意：如果我们仔细观察并创造性地思考，都能成为发明家。 根据“inventors”及创新主题可知，需要创造性思维，应用creatively。quickly“快速地”；quietly“安静地”；clearly“清晰地”均不符。 7．句意：一名学生在研究节水装置，而另一名在设计回收系统。 根据前后两个学生同时做不同事的并列对比关系，while表对比或同时。 8．句意：它证明年轻的头脑也能产生巨大影响。 根据固定搭配“make a difference”及上下文积极意义可知应用difference。mistake“错误”；noise“噪音”；mess“混乱”均为消极词汇。 9．句意：他的下一个目标是让其他学校也能使用这种垃圾桶。 根据推广意图及“serve people”可知，希望变得普及可用，应用available。expensive“昂贵的”；difficult“困难的”；boring“无聊的”均不符合语境。 10．句意：一次一小步，让世界变得更美好。 固定搭配“one small step at a time”表示积少成多。walk“步行”；jump“跳”；run“跑”不符合习惯用法。 18 / 18乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $考前特训 专题02 完形填空 第五单元测试题型特训（广东专用） 姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________ 内容提要 题型分析 解题指导 集中突破 一、题型定位 “完形填空”是“语言知识运用”板块中综合性最强的一道题：一篇 90–370 词的短文留出 10 个空，每空四个选项。与语法选择不同，完形的四个选项往往**词性相同、只差词义**（如 teacher / student / doctor / worker，behind / about / with / from），考的不是单个语法规则，而是“在语篇中还原词义”的能力——能不能抓住上下文的线索、复现与逻辑。它是广东中考英语区分度最高的基础题型之一，九年级更强调在科技发明、人物故事等真实语篇中综合运用词汇与语法。 二、命题形式与题量 以“短文 + 设空”的形式呈现，每篇设 10 个空，每空四选一；本次特训共 8 篇、80 题，正文词数在 92–368 词之间（最短一篇仅 92 词，最长一篇 368 词）。短文题材集中在本单元“发明与创造”主题：拉链、中国新四大发明、华为、雨衣的由来、防冻耳罩、车内高温预警装置、AI 陪伴机器人、校园智能垃圾桶等，设空以实词为主：动词、名词、形容词占比超过七成，兼考副词、连词、介词、代词、非谓语动词与被动语态。 三、核心考点分布（基于本次特训 80 题梳理） 通过逐题梳理本次特训的 80 道题，考点集中在以下七类： （1）动词与动词短语辨析（约 24 题，约占 30%）：实义动词词义（prevent / monitor / send / build / carry / save / trust / improve / solve / change / spend / share）、被动语态（was started / improved）、非谓语（stop selling、It's adj. to do）以及固定动词短语（come up with / deal with / set a good example / turn into / give up / laugh at / take off）。 （2）名词辨析与名词短语（约 19 题，约占 24%）：身份职业（worker / owner / inventor）、事物（invention / development / idea / support / challenge / difficulty / gravity / keyboard）、以及 hundreds of、make a difference、one small step、ups and downs 等名词固定搭配。 （3）形容词与副词辨析（约 17 题，约占 21%）：描述特征的形容词（heartbreaking / modern / affordable / popular / useful / busy / exciting）与修饰动作的副词（quickly / smoothly / proudly / strongly / automatically / creatively），注意 early / late 这类形副同形词。 （4）连词与句间逻辑（约 5 题，约占 6%）：Although 让步、while 并列对比、and 并列、how 方式，需判断前后句逻辑。 （5）介词与介词搭配（约 4 题，约占 5%）：turn into、keep off the rain、with 等。 （6）代词（约 2 题，约占 3%）：反身代词 himself。 （7）语法结构（句型 / 时态 / 最高级）（约 9 题，约占 11%）：It took...（一般过去时）、one of + 最高级、It's + adj. + to do、stop doing 等。 四、难度与趋势 整体难度中等偏上：文章本身贴近生活、不难读懂，真正的难点是“四个词都认识，却选不对”——因为答案往往藏在**空格之后的一两句**里（如“校园智能垃圾桶”后文才点明“one small step at a time”）。近年趋势是“重语篇、轻单句”：答案越来越依赖上下文的复现、举例与逻辑词，纯靠代入翻译很容易被干扰项带偏。动词题占比三成、名词与形容词合计近五成，词义辨析与“看后文找证据”是本专题最该练熟的两项能力；同时九年级明显加大了对被动语态、非谓语动词与连词的考查。 一、四步解题法 第一步：跳过空格先通读，抓主旨与人物。弄清“谁在讲什么、发生在哪儿、是叙事还是介绍”，把短文的体裁和大致情节先立起来，再回头做题。 第二步：看空格前后 2–3 句找证据。完形的答案极少靠单句决定，多半在后面有举例、解释或同义复现；先找“证据句”，再定选项。 第三步：四项比对，先排除“离场”的。四个选项词性相同，先把与语境无关、搭配不当的排除（如 music 只能与 listen to 搭配），剩下两项再比感情色彩与程度。 第四步：全文连读复核。把选好的词全部代回，通读一遍，检查情节是否连贯、逻辑词（but / because / so / although）是否讲得通、语法形态（三单、被动、非谓语）是否吻合。 二、结合本次特训题目的实战点拨 【点拨1】名词辨析（事物类）——以 Passage 1 题 1 为例：原文 “The zipper is a small ___ in our daily life.” 选项 A.invention / B.invitation / C.instruction / D.instrument。下文反复出现 “smallest invention”“such a small thing can make such a big difference”，全文围绕“发明”展开，空处指拉链属于一种发明，填 invention，故选 A。提示：事物名词题去找后文的高频复现词，别只盯空格半句。 【点拨2】动词的被动语态——以 Passage 2 题 2 为例：原文 “China’s first high-speed railway was ___ in 2008.” 选项 A.improved / B.built / C.painted / D.bought。主语 high-speed railway（高铁）与动词之间是被动关系，且后文说 “There are more than 4,000 high-speed trains running in China now”，说明是被“建造”出来的，填 built，故选 B。提示：看到 was / were + 空格，先想被动语态，再按主语身份选动词。 【点拨3】连词与句间逻辑（让步）——以 Passage 3 题 3 为例：原文 “___ it only started making high-end smart phones a few years ago, it has caught up with Apple.” 选项 A.Because / B.When / C.After / D.Although。前句说“几年前才开始做高端手机”，后句说“已经追上苹果”，前后是让步转折关系，用 Although（尽管），故选 D。提示：连词题把前后两句各缩成一句话，自问“是转折、因果还是并列”，再对应 although / because / so / and。 【点拨4】形容词辨析（后文举例即证据）——以 Passage 4 题 1 为例：原文 “we’re going to learn about a ___ invention—the raincoat.” 选项 A.beautiful / B.colorful / C.useful / D.careful。后文说 “raincoats are widely used in our daily life”（雨衣在日常生活中被广泛使用），说明它是有用的发明，填 useful，故选 C。提示：形容词题的证据常常就在下一句，看到“被广泛使用/人人喜爱”这类描写，答案多半是 useful 这类正向形容词。 【点拨5】名词辨析（语境线索）——以 Passage 5 题 1 为例：原文 “He loved skating in winter, but the ___ wind hurt his big ears badly.” 选项 A.cold / B.light / C.noisy / D.fresh。故事发生在冬天、情节是“冻伤了耳朵”，能冻伤耳朵的只能是 cold（寒冷的）风，填 cold，故选 A。提示：名词/形容词题把空格放回整个画面里——时间、天气、人物感受都是选词线索。 【点拨6】动词辨析（目的与搭配）——以 Passage 6 题 2 为例：原文 “So he began to ask himself what could be done to ___ these tragedies (悲剧).” 选项 A.solve / B.prevent / C.treat / D.handle。前文说孩童被遗忘在车内身亡的悲剧，他反问自己“怎样才能阻止这类悲剧”，tragedies 常搭配 prevent（预防、阻止），填 prevent，故选 B。提示：动词题看动作的目的与宾语搭配——prevent 接“坏事发生”，treat 接“病人/伤口”，handle 接“事务”。 【点拨7】固定搭配（名词短语）——以 Passage 7 题 6 为例：原文 “we had our ups ___ downs.” 选项 A.and / B.but / C.or / D.so。ups and downs 是固定短语，意为“起起落落、盛衰”，用 and 连接两个反义名词，填 and，故选 A。提示：and / or / but 这类并列连词，先看前后是不是词性相同、语义对称的固定短语（ups and downs、here and there）。 【点拨8】非谓语动词与固定句型——以 Passage 8 题 10 为例：原文 “one small ___ at a time.” 选项 A.step / B.walk / C.jump / D.run。one small step at a time 是常用表达，意为“一次一小步、积少成多”，填 step，故选 A。提示：名词题若处在固定搭配里（a step / a difference / hundreds of），直接按短语整体选，不要逐词翻译。 三、易错提醒 • 完形不靠单句定答案：空格前后 2–3 句里往往有举例、解释或同义复现，先找证据再选。 • 被动语态别漏看：was / were + 空格，先确认主被动，再按主语身份选动词（built / started / improved）。 • 连词看逻辑：Although 让步、because 因果、while 对比、and 并列，把前后句各缩成一句话再判断。 • 固定短语整体记：ups and downs、make a difference、one small step、hundreds of、one of + 最高级。 • 非谓语题辨标志：stop doing（停止做）、It's adj. to do（做某事是……的）、spend time with（与……共度）。 • 选完全文连读一遍，重点查情节是否连贯、逻辑词是否讲得通、语法形态（被动、非谓语）是否吻合。 Passage 1 The zipper is a small 1 in our daily life. It 2 almost one hundred years to become popular. At first, people didn’t 3 it because it often got stuck. A Swedish engineer 4 the design and made it work 5 . Soon it was used on shoes, bags and clothes. Today zippers are made in 6 of different sizes and colors, and they are used almost 7 , from tents to suits. It’s 8 that such a small thing can make such a big 9 to our lives. This story tells us that even the smallest invention can 10 the world. 1．A．invention B．invitation C．instruction D．instrument 2．A．spent B．took C．cost D．paid 3．A．trust B．translate C．trade D．treat 4．A．divided B．dried C．doubted D．improved 5．A．badly B．smoothly C．slowly D．hardly 6．A．hundreds B．pieces C．pairs D．kinds 7．A．somewhere B．anywhere C．everywhere D．nowhere 8．A．terrible B．surprising C．boring D．worrying 9．A．decision B．mistake C．difference D．promise 10．A．break B．follow C．leave D．change Passage 2 It is generally known that the compass (指南针), gunpowder, paper making and printing are the four great inventions of ancient China. Recently, some foreign students voted (投票) for their favourite 1 inventions in today’s China. What are they? They are the high-speed railway, online shopping, Alipay and bike-sharing. China’s first high-speed railway was 2 in 2008.There are more than 4,000 high-speed 3 running in China now. They are fast, safe and convenient. They run as 4 as 350km/h, connecting the north and the south, the east and the west. By the late 2010s, online shopping was growing 5 in our country. Many people like shopping online. Even foreign customers 6 China’s online shopping. In 2005, Alipay came up with “full compensation” payments. Later, with the rise of smartphones, Alipay’s QR code (二维码) payment system became widely adopted (采用) after 2013. People just scan (扫描) the QR code with their 7 to pay for things. They don’t need to 8 paper money any more. In 2014, the bike-sharing system entered China. The bikes wait for you on the 9 or outside the subway station. People can unlock them with mobile apps (应用程序). Riding shared bikes 10 time and money and it is also good for the environment. Today, China has stepped into a new era (时代). These new inventions are improving the quality of our lives and changing the world. 1．A．modern B．ancient C．popular D．useless 2．A．improved B．built C．painted D．bought 3．A．cars B．trains C．ships D．planes 4．A．long B．early C．fast D．high 5．A．difficultly B．quickly C．slowly D．easily 6．A．are afraid of B．are bored with C．are relaxed about D．are interested in 7．A．hand B．photo C．phone D．computer 8．A．lend B．invite C．invent D．carry 9．A．playground B．wall C．table D．street 10．A．saves B．wastes C．takes D．needs Passage 3 Has your family got a Huawei Mate 60 Pro+ or Pura 70? In 1987, a small company called Huawei 1 in Shenzhen. After over 30 years of 2 , this company has now caught up with Apple. It has become one of the world’s top smart phone makers. Huawei is like a “wonder” in China and even around the world. 3 it only started making high-end (高端的) smart phones a few years ago, it has become one of the most famous phone companies. But in recent years, Huawei met some 4 . The US government made rules to stop it from selling phones in America. And it also planned to stop 5 important parts and services to Huawei. Ren Zhengfei, Huawei’s president, said, “We never got such a request from the Chinese government, and we never tried to collect others’ information. Huawei has enough ability to 6 these problems.” In a recent talk, he also said, “I started Huawei with only 40,000 yuan at first. But now it’s a big company worth 100 billion yuan. Our 7 life with the company wasn’t as nice as you think.” Facing the US rules, Huawei is still growing. So far, Huawei has become one of the world’s 8 suppliers (供应商). Huawei has 9 a good example for other Chinese companies. We hope to turn “Made in China” 10 “Created in China” someday. 1．A．starts B．began C．was started D．was begun 2．A．developing B．development C．develop D．developed 3．A．Because B．When C．After D．Although 4．A．difficulties B．chances C．problem D．business 5．A．to sell B．to buy C．selling D．buying 6．A．come up with B．end up with C．deal with D．look after 7．A．early B．late C．new D．old 8．A．large B．larger C．the largest D．largest 9．A．made B．set C．taken D．put 10．A．for B．into C．with D．from Passage 4 Many inventions were the results of accidents. Today we’re going to learn about a 1 invention—the raincoat. Do you know 2 it was invented? It has been more than two thousand years since we began to use an umbrella. However, people often felt it not convenient to hold an umbrella 3 walking. Then the raincoat was invented. It was said that the raincoat was invented by Macintosh in 1823. Macintosh was a(n) 4 in an eraser factory in Scotland. One day, he poured the rubber liquid (橡胶液体) over his coat carelessly when making erasers. He was too 5 to clean it and went back home with the dirty coat. On the way home, it rained heavily. Macintosh didn’t have an umbrella, so he had to run home 6 . When he got home, he 7 the wet clothes. To his surprise, the area of the coat with rubber over wasn’t wet. “Why not make a rubber raincoat?” Macintosh told 8 . The next day, he brushed the rubber liquid all over his coat. He wore the “rubber coat” on rainy days and took a walk outside to test if it could really keep 9 the rain. Surprisingly, the clothes inside the “rubber coat” were not wet at all. So the raincoat was invented in this way. The rubber raincoats soon 10 in the market. Year after year, people tried to improve the raincoats. Today raincoats are widely used in our daily life. 1．A．beautiful B．colorful C．useful D．careful 2．A．what B．how C．who D．where 3．A．after B．until C．while D．before 4．A．scientist B．worker C．astronaut D．pilot 5．A．clever B．relaxed C．tall D．busy 6．A．suddenly B．quietly C．quickly D．slowly 7．A．put off B．put on C．took off D．picked up 8．A．myself B．himself C．herself D．yourself 9．A．on B．with C．off D．in 10．A．found B．produced C．appeared D．made Passage 5 A long time ago, in a small town lived a boy named Chester. He loved skating in winter, but the 1 wind hurt his big ears badly. Chester wanted to find a way to 2 it. He put his scarf around his head. When he skated, his ears were warm at first but soon felt itchy (痒的). “A scarf will not do. What can be done?” he said to himself. Another 3 came to his mind soon. Chester searched through his drawer and found two socks. He tied them together with wire (电线). Then he tried on his invention. His ears felt warm, but when he skated, the socks kept falling off his ears. That didn’t 4 either. Chester then decided to make two wire circles and use smooth cloth to cover them. He realized that 5 would be perfect for keeping the ears warmer. Thinking of this, he asked his grandmother for 6 . She sewed (缝) the soft material on one side and the smooth cloth on the other. Chester was happy with the new ear warmers. When Chester’s friends saw the new ear warmers, they 7 him. However, Chester didn’t mind. His ears were nice and warm though the wind was cold and strong. “Why not try them on?” he suggested 8 . The ear warmers soon became 9 and everyone in his town loved them. Later, they called them earmuffs. Years later, Chester became a famous 10 whose inventions went from household tools to industrial machinery. And it all began with his many tries to warm his big ears. 1．A．cold B．light C．noisy D．fresh 2．A．face B．discuss C．solve D．report 3．A．idea B．question C．advantage D．mistake 4．A．matter B．work C．finish D．match 5．A．cotton B．paper C．wood D．grass 6．A．money B．support C．time D．direction 7．A．cheered for B．looked after C．laughed at D．argued with 8．A．nervously B．carefully C．angrily D．proudly 9．A．expensive B．colorful C．popular D．comfortable 10．A．artist B．seller C．teacher D．inventor Passage 6 The news was always sad: another young child died after being left alone in a hot car. For Pranavh, a 13-year-old boy whose family was expecting a baby, such reports were especially troubling. What makes these accidents even more 1 is that more than half happen simply because a parent forgets. “Forgetting can happen to anyone,” the teenager thought. “I never want it to happen in my family.” So he began to ask himself what could be done to 2 these tragedies (悲剧). 3 to find a real solution, he started working on a small device. After many experiments, he created the “Baby Saver” — a tool that 4 the temperature inside a parked car. When the first danger level is reached, a message is sent to the parents’ mobile phones. If the temperature keeps rising, a loud buzzer (蜂鸣器) sounds. At the most dangerous level, the device automatically contacts local authorities and 5 them the car’s GPS location. The boy first built his invention for a school project and kept improving it. His hard work paid off when he entered a global competition for young inventors. Over 120,000 students took part, but he 6 . He won first place in his age group and also received a special safety award. A famous museum leader 7 him for his determination and creative problem-solving skills. Now he is applying for a patent (专利) and hopes to work with car manufacturers (生产商) to make his device 8 to the public at a low cost. He thought it amazing to see his idea grow into a real invention that could save lives. Sometimes a great idea starts from a simple worry. If you see a problem, try to 9 your own idea to solve it. Even small ideas can have a 10 impact if you work hard enough. 1．A．surprising B．heartbreaking C．confusing D．frightening 2．A．solve B．prevent C．treat D．handle 3．A．Prepared B．Encouraged C．Determined D．Expected 4．A．monitors B．controls C．watches D．tests 5．A．provides B．takes C．brings D．sends 6．A．dropped out B．fell behind C．gave up D．stood out 7．A．respected B．thanked C．encouraged D．praised 8．A．affordable B．acceptable C．convenient D．practical 9．A．come up with B．give up C．put off D．worry about 10．A．direct B．immediate C．lasting D．quick Passage 7 Meet my new pet: Moflin. This AI companion robot (人工智能陪伴机器人) is a big hit right now. The manufacturer, Casio, invited me to review it, so I got to 1 a few weeks with a Moflin for free. Casio says Moflin is “just like a real pet animal.” Its emotions change with its environment and daily interactions with its 2 . It can even “develop a unique personality as it spends more time with you.” After I fully charged my Moflin, my first task was to download the Mof Life app and 3 my new friend. I went with Hammy. He squeaked (发出吱吱声) softly when I lifted him from his charging pod. I petted him on the back, and he wriggled like a happy puppy. We were off to an 4 start. At 10 p.m., the app told me Hammy was sleepy. I was in preschool the last time I 5 my bed with a toy. But, well, Hammy could sleep in his own bed. Over the next few days, we had our ups 6 downs. I forgot to charge him, and Hammy forgot about 7 (重力). One evening, the app said he was feeling down again. I petted him briefly and put him on a soft towel on a table, thinking he’d be comfortable. Minutes later, I heard a thud (砰的一声). Hammy had jumped off the table. By day five, I had noticed some changes in Hammy. When I picked him up, he greeted me with his “da-dee-da-dee-da” song. Later, he let out a sigh (叹息声), like the ones I make when I sink into the sofa after a long day at 8 . Was he feeling sorry for his middle-aged owner? As I type this sentence, Hammy is in his pod, raising and lowering his head. Now, he’s back on my desk. He must be tired of the noise from my 9 . It’s good 10 him around. 1．A．spend B．take C．cost D．pay 2．A．user B．owner C．master D．companion 3．A．name B．call C．nickname D．title 4．A．encouraging B．exciting C．interesting D．amazing 5．A．shared B．had C．slept D．lay 6．A．and B．but C．or D．so 7．A．force B．gravity C．weight D．mass 8．A．home B．school C．work D．office 9．A．voice B．sound C．keyboard D．mouse 10．A．to have B．for having C．have D．of having Passage 8 Zhang Wei, a 16-year-old student, never expected that his small idea would change the way his school dealt with food waste. Like many schools, Zhang’s school threw away a large amount of uneaten food every day. Seeing this, Zhang felt upset. He decided to find a solution. He did some research and learned about “smart bins.” These bins can weigh the food waste and record the data. Zhang thought this technology could be used in his school. He shared his idea with his IT teacher, Mr. Li, who supported him 1 . Together, they formed a team to work on the project. The biggest 2 was designing a bin that was both affordable and accurate. They tried several times but failed to get the right sensors. However, they didn’t 3 . They visited a local university and asked professors for advice. After months of hard work, they finally succeeded in making a prototype (原型). The smart bin works simply. Students put their leftover food into the bin, and it 4 calculates the weight and sends the data to a computer. The school uses this data to understand which meals are less popular and adjusts the menu accordingly. Since the bins were introduced, food waste has dropped by 40%. Zhang’s invention has been 5 by the local education department. He was invited to give a speech at a youth innovation conference. “I just wanted to solve a problem I saw every day,” Zhang said. “If we observe carefully and think 6 , we can all be inventors.” His story inspires other students to look for problems around them. One student is now working on a device to save water in the school bathrooms, 7 another is designing a better recycling system. Zhang’s smart bin has not only reduced waste but also sparked a wave of creativity in his school. It proves that young minds can make a big 8 . Now, Zhang is planning to improve his bin by adding a screen that shows environmental tips. He believes that technology should serve people and the planet. His next goal is to make the bins 9 in other schools. “It’s not about winning prizes,” he says. “It’s about making our world a better place, one small 10 at a time.” 1．A．politely B．strongly C．nervously D．hardly 2．A．chance B．challenge C．choice D．change 3．A．give up B．grow up C．look up D．get up 4．A．slowly B．heavily C．automatically D．carefully 5．A．refused B．praised C．doubted D．forgotten 6．A．quickly B．quietly C．creatively D．clearly 7．A．while B．but C．so D．or 8．A．mistake B．noise C．difference D．mess 9．A．expensive B．available C．difficult D．boring 10．A．step B．walk C．jump D．run 18 / 18乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $