上海复旦大学附属中学2024-2025学年第一学期高二年级英语学科1月第三次阶段性教学质量评估试卷

复旦大学附属中学2024学年第一学期 高二年级英语学科1月第三次阶段性教学质量评估试卷 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Children's Fine Motor Skills Using a fork to eat, zipping up a sweatshirt and turning a doorknob are all things most people do without thinking, but children spend their early years developing and refining these abilities. They are known as fine motor skills, 1          the small muscles of the hands with adequate strength, dexterity(灵巧) and coordination(协调) to grasp and control objects are used. It is firmly believed 2          later, fine motor skills do help children to succeed in school. 3          are also important in day-to-day life. 4          (watch) a baby use their uncoordinated arms and legs might be adorable, but these early reactions are practice for the fine motor skills they'll eventually develop. 5          ______ Stephanie Reich, a professor at the University of California, toddlers need to increase the coordination of fine movements in the preschool years. 6          children grow older, these fine motor skills will improve and become more complex. For example, a 4-year-old may hold a crayon with their fist, using their whole hand to draw. But five-year-olds can start using a pencil between the first and middle fingers and thumb, as adults can. The elementary school years and beyond see 7          (advanced) fine motor skills, such as when children learn to tie shoes between 5 and 6 years old. At about age 7, 8          (improve) performance can be amazingly witnessed. However, every child develops at their own pace. If a single milestone, such as using eating utensils(餐具), 9          (delay), it isn't necessarily cause for concern. In fact, when working on fine motor skills in the classroom, short lessons provide the most benefit for learning. Play-based learning is also one of the strategies that are preferred. Teachers may also use hand-eye coordination — the ability of a child's eyes 10          (control) their hands and fingers — to work with children to improve fine motor skills. Using computers, especially a keyboard and mouse, also helps younger children with fine motor skills. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. genuinely B. pocket C. mass-produced D. seemingly E. inspiration F. familiarize G. group H. encounter I. customary J. symbolic K. motivation A Deeper Meaning behind Souvenirs "Nobody sits us down and tells us to collect objects when we're young," writes Rolf Potts, "it's just something we do, as a way to 11          ourselves with the world, its possibilities, and our place in it." Few of us would call ourselves collectors, but most travelers 12          a seashell from a vacation, or bring a keychain. As Mr. Potts notes in a book called "Souvenir," there is more to this 13          simple practice than meets the eye. For one thing, it can date back to the oldest described journeys, so it's a 14          practice that goes back thousands of years. And academic researchers have classified souvenirs — even 15          items like "I Love New York" T-shirts and plastic miniatures of Michelangelo's David — into various categories, likely unknown to many travelers. Which categories do the things we've bought or found in our travels fall into? Further, what's the 16          behind our need to bring home souvenirs? Over time, intellectual curiosity became the driving 17          for personal travel. Yet even as travelers began collecting historical and scientific souvenirs, not just religious items, the things they brought home stood for feelings for holy objects. Scholars 18          these souvenirs into different buckets, including "markers" (location-branded items like T-shirts and teacups), "pictorial images" (postcards and posters), and "19          landmarks" (for example, Statue of Liberty key chains), with the latter two categories symbolizing, though not exclusive to, mass tourism. In the end, "Souvenir" suggests that its meaning is not fixed because its importance to the owner can change over time and that its significance is closely related to the traveler's identity. Mr. Potts himself has had plenty of souvenirs, things that remind him not merely of the places he's been and the extraordinary 20          between him and local people, but of former life phases. "When we collect souvenirs," he writes, "we do so not to evaluate the world, but to tell the self." II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. In recent weeks, a group of 15 wild elephants on a long, strange trip out of the jungles of far southwestern China have attracted millions of people across the country. Since the elephants left a wildlife reserve near China's border with Laos and Myanmar last year, they have 21          steadily northward and have been wandering the suburbs of Kunming, a city of 8.5 million residents. Millions have 22          to watch the elephants' 300-mile journey on television and on internet live streams, or tracked their movements on social media. While 23          with the creatures, some increasingly see the elephants and their journey as a lesson on the risks of nature and a rapidly urbanizing China crashing into one another, especially as development 24         . Videos of the 25          elephants, wandering down empty streets, breaking into a car dealership and in the case of one mother elephant using her trunk to lift her baby out of danger, have gone 26         . Along the way, the elephants have broken into villagers' homes, eaten their food, drunk their water and destroyed their crops. All told, the group has now caused more than 400 separate incidents of damage, worth some $1.1 million. 27         , authorities have formed a government task force. They mobilized hundreds of people, and distributed drones with infrared (红外线的) capabilities to 28          them as they wander through China's Yunnan province. To keep the elephants away from more densely populated villages, authorities have blocked roads with trucks. Local authorities have been experimenting with snacks to 29          the elephants, laying out corn, bananas and pineapples. The 30          so far: The elephants like corn, while the pineapples have been largely ignored. The elephants have shown a continued interest in wooden buckets of alcohol. Some specialists at the Chinese Academy of Sciences have assumed that a recent solar storm may have 31          the creatures' inner compass (指南针) and triggered (引发) a(n) 32          to head north. Some scientists have theorized that the elephants are on the move because their 33          has shrunk while their population has grown. In recent days, the 34          obsession among the elephants' new fans has given way to 35          over the unintended consequences of China's prosperity and economic development. "We've made a lot of money, but all these human activities have also caused a lot of trouble for the elephants," says Mr. Liao, the truck driver, who says he has been inspired to pay more attention to wild animals and their habitats. 21. A. hunted B. located C. marched D. invaded 22. A. taken over B. tuned in C. got together D. showed up 23. A. fascinated B. concerned C. bored D. frightened 24. A. declines B. booms C. reverses D. settles 25. A. trembling B. imposing C. striking D. parading 26. A. global B. wrong C. viral D. crazy 27. A. In response B. In addition C. In turn D. In theory 28. A. capture B. tend C. surround D. track 29. A. trap B. raise C. steer D. tame 30. A. content B. contrast C. context D. consequence 31. A. abused B. detected C. awakened D. liberated 32. A. urge B. possibility C. memory D. permission 33. A. material B. value C. habitat D. size 34. A. consistent B. initial C. restricted D. separated 35. A. concern B. control C. quarrel D. reflection Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. （A） It was one of the most destructive days in the history of our planet, and now we know how it played out. Scientists have pieced together the first day of the dinosaurs' extinction, by drilling into the crater (火山口) that formed from the asteroid (小行星) that caused their downfall. The asteroid, which led to the extinction of all dinosaurs that can't fly, crashed into the Gulf of Mexico's Yucatán Peninsula some 66 million years ago. In 2016, a scientific drilling project by the International Ocean Discovery Program got rocks from the impact site, which has been underwater for a long time. Now, scientists have analysed these rocks to travel back in time to that particular day itself. "It's an expanded record of events that we were able to recover from within ground zero," said Dr Sean Gulick, a geophysicist at the University of Texas at Austin and leader of this study. "It tells us about impact processes from an eyewitness location." In just 24 hours following the impact, a layer of material 130m thick was deposited. This included charcoal, which provides evidence for the intense wildfires that are thought to have been caused by the crash. Meanwhile, the impact also led to a huge tsunami, an extremely large wave in the sea caused by an earthquake, as evidenced by layers of rocks and sand in the core samples, which appear to have been deposited by flooding waters. One thing conspicuously missing from the samples, though, is the element of sulphur (硫磺). Although the surrounding area is full of sulphur-rich rocks, the crater is unusually sulphur-free. This supports the idea that the asteroid impact instantly vaporised sulphurous rocks, releasing the sulphur into the atmosphere, where it remained and reflected away the Sun's light, cooling the Earth's climate. Although the impact had destructive effects on a regional level, it's this large-scale global cooling that's thought to be behind the dinosaurs' eventual extinction, as well as that of countless other plant and animal species. "The real killer has got to be atmospheric," said Gulick. "The only way you get a global mass extinction like this is an atmospheric effect." 36. Dr Sean Gulick is quoted in paragraph 3 in order to _____. A. stress the impact of the crash B. illustrate the significance of their study C. explain what they did in their study D. state the reason for dinosaurs' death 37. The word "conspicuously" (in paragraph 6) is closest in meaning to "_____". A. obviously B. restlessly C. occasionally D. potentially 38. Which of the following is a cause of the dramatic drop in temperature mentioned in the passage? A. The tsunami. B. The wildfires. C. The vapourised sulphur. D. The deposit of rocks. 39. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. Touching on the dinosaur's time B. Drilling into the day the dinosaurs died C. Why we need to study the atmospheric effect D. What we should know about the history of our planet （B） (You may read the questions first.) Book 1 In Factfulness, Professor Hans Rosling asks simple questions like 'How many girls finish school?' and 'What percentage of the world's population is poor?' It turns out that the majority of us get the answers to these questions completely wrong. Why does this happen? Factfulness sets out to explain why, showing that there are several instincts humans have that distort (扭曲) our perspective. Yes, there are real concerns. But we should adopt a mindset of factfulness — only carrying opinions that are supported by strong facts. This book focuses on our instinctive biases (偏见), offering practical advice to help us see the good as well as the bad in the world. Book 2 Are things getting worse every day? Is progress an impossible goal? In Enlightenment Now, Steven Pinker looks at the big picture of human progress and finds good news. We are living longer, healthier, freer and happier lives. Pinker asks us to stop paying so much attention to negative headlines and news that declares the end of the world. Instead, he shows us some carefully selected data. In 75 surprising graphs, we see that safety, peace, knowledge and health are getting better all over the world. Economic inequality, he claims, is not really a problem, because it is not actually that important for human well-being. Book 3 For more than two hundred years those who hold negative thoughts have been winning the public debate. They tell us that things are getting worse. But as a matter of fact, life is getting better. Income, food availability and lifespan are rising; disease, violence and child mortality are falling. Best-selling author Matt Ridley doesn't only explain how things are getting better; he gives us reasons why as well. He shows us how human culture evolves in a positive direction thanks to the exchange of ideas and specialization. This bold book looks at the entirety of human history — from the Stone Age to the 21st century — and changes the concept that it's all going downhill. Book 4 The majority of people believe that developing countries are in a terrible situation: suffering from incredible poverty and wars. The reality is that a great transformation is occurring. Over the past 20 years, more than 700 million people have increased their income and come out of poverty. This is happening across developing countries around the world. The end of the Cold War, the development of new technologies and brave new leadership have helped to improve the lives of hundreds of millions of people in poor countries. In his book The Great Surge, Steven Radelet describes how all of this is happening and, more importantly, it shows us how we can speed up the process. 40. What is the common feature of the four books? A. They focus on the present situations concerning developing countries. B. They emphasize the importance of dealing with problems in poor countries. C. They try to direct readers to a positive path in terms of human development. D. They appeal to show more sympathy and understanding for poor countries. 41. Which author supports his arguments by providing factual evidence? A. Hans Rosling B. Steven Pinker C. Matt Ridley D. Steven Radelet 42. Which of the following can be a possible title for Book 3? A. The Rational Optimist B. Human History: Where Are We C. A Public Debate D. Out of Poverty: What and How （C） Science may never know what memories play on the mind of the California sea hare, a foot-long marine snail, when it eats algae — a sea plant — in the tide pools of the Pacific coast. But in a new study, researchers claim to have made headway in understanding the simplest kind of memory a creature might form. David Glanzman, a neurobiologist at the University of California, believes the kinds of memories that trigger a defensive reaction in the snail are encoded not in the connections between brain cells, as many scientists would argue, but in RNA molecules (分子) that form part of an organism's genetic machinery. In an experiment to test the idea, Glanzman implanted wire into the tails of California sea hares, and gave them a series of electrical shocks. The procedure sensitized the animals so that when they were prodded (戳) in a fleshy spout called a siphon, they contracted their gills (鳃状呼吸器官) in a strong defensive action. After sensitizing the sea snails, Glanzman extracted RNA from the animals and injected it into other sea snails to see what happened. He found the recipient sea snails became sensitized, suggesting the "memory" of the electrical shocks had been transplanted. When Glanzman repeated the experiment with RNA from sea snails that had been hooked up to wires but not shocked, the reaction behavior did not transfer. Despite the result, the work has not found widespread acceptance. "Obviously further work needs to be carried out to determine whether these changes can happen without failure in a wide range of conditions," said Prof Sherilynn Vann, who studies memory at Cardiff University. "While the sea hare is a fantastic model for studying basic neuroscience, we must be very cautious in drawing comparisons to human memory processes." Tomas Ryan, who studies memory at Trinity College Dublin, is firmly unconvinced. "It's interesting, but I don't think they've transferred a memory," he said. "This work tells me that maybe the most basic behavioral responses involve some kind of switch in the animal and there is something in the liquid that Glanzman extracts that is hitting that switch." But Ryan added that different thinking about memory was badly needed: "In a field like this which is so full of accepted beliefs, we need as many new ideas as possible. This work takes us down an interesting road, but I have a huge amount of skepticism about it." 43. Why were the sea hares given electrical shocks? A. To rob them of their memory. B. To see how they defend themselves. C. To break the connection between nerves. D. To make them sensitive to external stimulations. 44. What conclusion may Glanzman draw from the experiment? A. Memory can be encoded and changed by people. B. Only with strong stimulation can sea snails form reaction. C. The memory giving rise to sea snail's sensitization is held in RNA. D. The sea snail's defense is probably enabled by connectivity of brain cells. 45. According to the passage, the limitations of Glanzman's experiment involve the following EXCEPT______ A. The recipient sea snail's response may require further confirmation. B. Variables (变量) in the experiments may not have remained the same. C. Something else other than RNA in the extract may lead to the recipient's reaction. D. The sea snail "memory transplant" may not apply to more complex memory process. 46. The underlined word "skepticism" in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to ______. A. criticism B. doubt C. relief D. optimism Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A. And one could come up with any number of theories for why the current tea making and drinking habits are inevitable. B. Though regarded as a form of simple act, tea making can vary widely between cultures. C. The tea is, above all, credited with the ability to represent different individual personalities. D. Food choices are driven by one's environment - the context. E. Tea making is the perfect replacement activity. F. Even one spoonful is a bit suspicious unless other details clearly show otherwise. Tea has become rooted in the British way of life, from the humble tea break to the afternoon tea to be enjoyed — in a jacket and tie, of course. 47          Boiling water to make tea, for instance, makes it less likely to give you a stomach bug. But what are the secrets or even cruel realities behind the taste of this beloved beverage? Anthropologist Kate Fox writes in her book Watching the English that there are several clear messages sent whenever a Brit makes a cup. She observes that the strongest brews of black tea — with the largest doses of flavour factors — are typically drunk by the working class. The flavour gets progressively weaker as one goes up the social ladder. Milk and sweetener have their own codes. According to her, taking sugar in your tea in Britain is regarded by many as a definite lower-class indicator. 48          Other implications involve when and how milk is added, if any. Making a point of drinking smoky Lapsang Souchong (正山小种红茶) with no sugar or milk can be a sign of class anxiety in the middle class, Fox suggests. It's as far as one can get from sweet, strong, milky cups of the no-nonsense 'builder's tea'. A food scientist pointed out something that seems to apply here. 49          You like what you like not necessarily because of the taste of it, though obviously one can develop a taste for almost anything. A food or drink's real importance in your life may be because of everything that surrounds it — the culture of it. Fox also observes that, alongside its chemical properties, tea is a social space-filler. Many meaningless moments can be occupied by tea and its related events. 50          Whenever the English feel awkward or uncomfortable in a social situation, they make tea. III. Summary Writing Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. 51. Seniority in Promotion Is Not a Wise Business Practice It's not always an easy decision for companies when it comes to filling managerial spots. In the past, promoting an employee has been popularly handled by means of basic analysis of the employees' past performance and seniority. In some cases, the individual's performance has been considered more important while in others the amount of time they have been with the company has been the deciding factor. Nevertheless, seniority is a standard that has never been left out. However, in the contemporary business world, the importance of seniority in promotion is being destroyed as a growing number of companies look outside of their organizations when trying to fill top managerial spots. Unlike experienced employees who have been with the company for a long time, new people are more likely to generate creative ideas. In rapidly changing markets, innovative and creative talents are sought by many companies in order to adapt to the market. To meet their needs, companies have more to gain by selecting outside employees since they are more willing to try new techniques and less afraid of breaking tradition when introducing new ideas. Thus, rather than promoting existing employees, it might be a wiser management decision to bring in outside talent. An additional advantage to this new system is that it prevents employees from feeling that they only need to wait for their seniority to provide them with a promotion. Simply put, no matter how long they have been with the company, employees have to contribute diligently to the organization if they want to move up the career ladder. As soon as people realize that the company could just as easily bring in a new person, employees will stop judging themselves against each other because they are no longer competing against their colleagues but everyone in the entire industry. As a result, they will begin to show more effort to bring the level of their work up to what they imagine is a much higher standard. IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 辩论赛虽然结束了，但我一点都没感到轻松。(far) 53. 物理学家们正在研究两种他们希望可以带来变化的设计。(work) 54. 许多读者认为这位被誉为五十年来最伟大的作家其实名不副实。(live) 55. 最初的四年对我们来说异常煎熬，我们不断犯错，也不善于向他人求助。(turn) V. Guided Writing Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 56. 假设你是明启中学高二学生李明，最近在一份英语杂志上读到一篇题为 "The jobs that will no longer exist in a decade" 的文章。你对此话题很感兴趣，写一封信给该杂志读者来信专栏，内容须包括： 1) 你认为十年内哪类工作将不复存在； 2) 你的理由。 第 1 页 / 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 复旦大学附属中学2024学年第一学期 高二年级英语学科1月第三次阶段性教学质量评估试卷　答案 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A 1. where 2. that 3. They 4. Watching 5. According to 6. As 7. more advanced 8. improved 9. is delayed 10. to control Section B 11. F 12. B 13. D 14. I 15. C 16. K 17. E 18. G 19. J 20. H II. Reading Comprehension Section A 21. C 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. A Section B 36. B 37. A 38. C 39. B 40. C 41. B 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. B 46. B Section C 47. A 48. F 49. D 50. E III. Summary Writing 51. Nowadays, more companies prefer to select outside employees in promotion instead of considering employees' past performance and seniority mainly for two reasons/advantages. One is that outside employees are more likely to produce creative ideas, which helps companies adapt to the market. The other is that it stops employees thinking their seniority guarantees a promotion, which helps enhance employees' work level. IV. Translation 52. I am far from relaxed although the debate competition is over. 53. The physicists are working on two designs that they hope will make a difference. 54. Many readers think that the writer, who is called the greatest one in the past five decades, doesn't live up to his reputation. 55. The first four years were extremely hard for us, as we kept making mistakes and were not good at turning to others. V. Guided Writing 56. Dear Editor, I recently came across your article "The jobs that will no longer exist in a decade" and found it intriguing. As a student at Mingqi High School, I would like to share my thoughts. In my opinion, jobs related to traditional print media may disappear within a decade. As more readers switch to online news sources, the demand for physical newspapers and magazines is declining, so the need for print journalists, typesetters, and printing press operators may diminish significantly. Moreover, repetitive routine jobs are also at risk. With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence, tasks involving manual data entry, basic accounting, or assembly line work can now be performed by machines more efficiently and accurately, reducing the need for human involvement. Admittedly, while certain jobs may disappear, new opportunities will emerge in fields such as AI and data analysis. Yours sincerely, Li Ming 第 1 页 / 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $