精品解析：上海复旦大学附属中学2023-2024学年第一学期高三年级英语学科1月第三次阶段性教学质量评估试卷
切换试卷
切换试卷
|
2份
|
33页
|
150人阅读
|
4人下载
内容正文：
复旦大学附属中学2023学年第一学期
高三年级英语学科1月第三次阶段性教学质量评估试卷
I. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below; fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word: for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Billionaires Race to Space
In late July 2021, Jeff Bezos achieved an out-of-this-world ambition. The billionaire founder of Amazon ____1____ (fly) to the edge of space — 62 miles (100 kilometers) above Earth’s surface — on a rocket designed by his company Blue Origin.
“Best day ever,” Bezos said over the radio to mission control after landing safely back on Earth, ____2____others weren’t so impressed. They called the mission an enormous waste of money. Bezos, they argued, ____3____be spending his billions to improve things on Earth.
Bezos wasn’t the first billionaire to set his sights on space. Nor was he the first ____4____ (criticize) about wasting enormous personal wealth. A week ____5____the Amazon founder made history, business owner Richard Branson did, too. Branson became the first person to fly to space on a rocket he helped fund, ____6____ (develop) by his company Virgin Galactic.
Critics say that the money ____7____ (go) toward commercial space travel would be better spent on ____8____they see as more important pursuits. These include working to cure diseases, reducing poverty, and helping to solve the climate crisis. Besides, launching spacecrafts is harmful to the planet, critics declare. ____9____naturalist Holly Haworth pointed out in Sierra magazine, “traveling in rockets is arguably the most carbon-emitting thing an individual can do.”
But supporters of commercial space travel argue that it does benefit humanity. Personal funds _____10_____ (put) toward high-paying jobs and a new industry. That’s money they could have spent on new limousines or villas for themselves, supporters say. Plus, their companies are investing in new technologies that increase access to space and drive innovation in other areas as well.
【答案】1. flew
2. while 3. should
4. to be criticized
5. before 6. developed
7. going 8. what
9. As 10. are put
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章阐述了人们对亚马逊的亿万富翁创始人乘坐由其公司Blue Origin设计的火箭飞到了距离地球表面62英里的太空边缘这件事的批评和支持的观点。
【1题详解】
考查时态。句意：这位亚马逊的亿万富翁创始人乘坐由其公司Blue Origin设计的火箭飞到了距离地球表面62英里（100公里）的太空边缘。根据前一句的时间状语“In late July 2021”可知句子时态是一般过去时，动词使用过去式flew。故填flew。
【2题详解】
考查连词。句意：“有史以来最好的一天，”贝佐斯在安全返回地球后通过无线电对任务控制中心说，而其他人则没有这么印象深刻。结合句意可知用while表示前后的对比表示“然而”。故填while。
【3题详解】
考查情态动词。句意：他们辩论，贝佐斯应该花费数十亿美元来改善地球上的一切。结合前文“他们认为这次太空任务是一种金钱的浪费”，可知他们辩论说贝佐斯应该花费数十亿美元来改善地球上的一切。用情态动词should符合题意。故填should。
【4题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他也不是第一个被批评浪费巨额个人财富的人。结合空格前的the first可知，用动词不定式作后置定语，the first和criticize之间是被动关系，用动词不定式的被动式符合题意。故填to be criticized。
【5题详解】
考查连词。句意：在亚马逊创始人创造历史的前一周，企业主理查德·布兰森也创造了历史。结合本段第一句“Bezos wasn’t the first billionaire to set his sights on space.”可知，此处表示在亚马逊创始人创造历史的前一周，用连词before符合题意。故填before。
【6题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：布兰森成为第一个乘坐他帮助资助的火箭飞往太空的人，该火箭由他的公司维珍银河公司开发。分析句子可知句子谓语动词是became，空格处缺少非谓语动词，a rocket和develop之间是被动关系，用过去分词短语作后置定语。故填developed。
【7题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：批评人士说，用于商业太空旅行的钱最好花在他们认为更重要的追求上。分析句子可知that引导的宾语从句中谓语动词是would be，空格处用非谓语动词作后置定语，the money和go之间是主动关系，用现在分词符合题意。故填going。
【8题详解】
考查名词性从句连接词。句意：批评人士说，用于商业太空旅行的钱最好花在他们认为更重要的追求上。分析句子可知在介词on后缺少宾语从句连接词，在动词see后缺少宾语，指物，应用连接代词what。故填what。
【9题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：正如自然主义者霍莉·霍沃斯在《塞拉》杂志上指出的，“乘坐火箭旅行可以说是个人能做的最具碳排放的事情。”此处引导非限定性定语从句，关系词替代后面的直接引语，作从句的宾语，表示“正如”，应用as引导，首字母大写。故填As。
【10题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：个人资金被投入高薪工作和一个新的行业。句子陈述是事实用一般现在时，主语Personal funds和put之间是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数，系动词用are。故填are put。
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. engagement B. specific C. observed D. wandering E. resembled
F. follow G. implements H. finding I. improvements J. translate K. require
Brain Training through Virtual Reality
Scientists have long sought to prevent sharp memories from dulling with age, but the problem remains persistent. Now new research suggests virtual reality might help older people recall facts and events based on ____11____ details.
The study involved 42 healthy older adults from the San Francisco Bay Area. Half spent a dozen hours over four weeks playing a virtual-reality game called Labyrinth; they wore headsets and walked in place, ____12____ virtual neighbourhoods while completing tasks. The other half, in the control group, used electronic tablets to play games that didn’t ____13____ finding positions or recalling details. After 15 sessions, the latter performed roughly the same as before on a long-term memory test based on picking out objects they had seen about an hour earlier. But the Labyrinth players’ scores rose, and they were less frequently tricked by objects that ____14____ the ones they had viewed.
Those ____15____ “brought them back up to the level of another group of younger adults who did the same memory tests,” says Peter Wais, the researcher who designed the VR game. The game likely stimulates the hippocampus — a brain area important for long-term memory. What the Wais’s team is trying to do is uniquely suited to VR,” says Meredith Thompson, who studies learning through VR games but was not involved in the new study. “VR can provide greater ____16____ than other games,” she says, adding that after this proof-of-concept study, “it would be great to actually ____17____ people over time and see what this type of game does for long-term memory.” Wais’s team is now investigating how long the ____18____ effects last and which elements of the training have the most impact.
It remains unclear how test performance in a laboratory setting might ____19____ to real-world situations. The outcome, needs to be repeated, ideally with a much larger group, before it’s treated as a strong _____20_____.
【答案】11. B 12. D
13. K 14. E
15. I 16. A
17. F 18. C
19. J 20. H
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家认为老年人可以通过虚拟现实游戏进行大脑训练，提高记忆力。
【11题详解】
考查形容词。句意：现在新的研究表明，虚拟现实可以帮助老年人根据具体细节回忆事实和事件。分析句子可知，“details”为名词，前面应用形容词修饰，根据句意可知，应用“specific”，意为“具体的”，形容词词性，在句中作定语。故选B项。
【12题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：其中一半人在四周内花了十几个小时玩一个叫做Labyrinth的虚拟现实游戏；他们戴着耳机，在原地行走，在完成任务的同时在虚拟的街区漫步。根据句意和句中“walked in place”可知，他们应该是在虚拟的街区漫步，“wander”意为“漫步”，动词词性，与句子主语“they”之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用现在分词“wandering”作状语。故选D项。
【13题详解】
考查动词。句意：另一半，在控制组，使用电子平板电脑玩游戏，不需要寻找位置或回忆细节。分析句子可知，空格处应用动词，在句中作谓语，根据句意可知，应用“require”，意为“需要”，动词词性，句子为一般过去时，“didn’t”后接动词原形，故空格处用“require”的原形。故选K项。
【14题详解】
考查动词和时态。句意：但是Labyrinth玩家的分数上升了，他们被类似于他们所看到的物体欺骗的次数也减少了。根据句意和句中“were”可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，动词要用过去式，根据句意可知，应用“resemble”，意为“类似于”，动词词性，过去式为“resembled”，在句中作谓语。故选E项。
【15题详解】
考查名词。句意：设计虚拟现实游戏的研究人员彼得·怀斯说，这些改进“使他们恢复到另一组年轻人的水平，他们做了同样的记忆测试。”根据上文可知，Labyrinth玩家的分数上升了，由此可知，它们的记忆获得了改进，“improvement”意为“改进，改善”，名词词性，根据句中“Those”可知，空格处应用“improvement”的复数形式“improvements”，在句中作主语。故选I项。
【16题详解】
考查名词。句意：“与其他游戏相比，虚拟现实可以提供更大的参与度，”她说，在这项概念验证研究之后，她补充说“随着时间的推移，真正跟随人们，看看这种类型的游戏对长期记忆有什么作用，这将是非常棒的。”分析句子可知，“greater”为形容词，后接名词，在句中作宾语，根据句意可知，应用“engagement”，意为“参与度”，为不可数名词。故选A项。
【17题详解】
考查动词。句意：“与其他游戏相比，虚拟现实可以提供更大的参与度，”她说，在这项概念验证研究之后，她补充说“随着时间的推移，真正跟随人们，看看这种类型的游戏对长期记忆有什么作用，这将是非常棒的。”根据句意可知，应用是“跟随”人们，看看这种类型的游戏对长期记忆有什么作用，“follow”意为“跟随”，动词词性，句中为“it”作形式主语。后面的不定式作真正的主语，不定式符号“to”后接动词原形，故应用“follow”的原形。故选F项。
【18题详解】
考查形容词。句意：怀斯的团队目前正在调查观察到的效果持续多久，以及训练的哪些因素影响最大。分析句子可知，“effects”为名词，应用形容词修饰，在句中作定语，根据句意可知，应用“observed”，意为“被观察的”，形容词词性。故选C项。
【19题详解】
考查动词。句意：目前尚不清楚实验室环境中的测试性能如何转化为现实情况。根据句意和句中“real-world situations”可知，应该是将实验室环境中的测试性能“转化”为现实情况，“translate”意为“转变，变为”，动词词性，“might”为情态动词，后接动词原形。故选J项。
【20题详解】
考查名词。句意：结果需要重复，理想情况下是和一个更大的群体进行试验，然后才被视为一个强有力的发现。分析句子可知，不定冠词“a”后接名词，根据句意可知，重复的实验过后才会被视为一个强有力的发现，“finding”意为“发现”，名词词性，不定冠词“a”后接可数名词单数形式。故选H项。
II. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Health Care Workers Getting Panic Buttons
Hundreds of health care workers at Cox Medical Center in Missouri will soon be equipped with personal panic buttons, following over a year of increased violence against staff members. The pandemic (流行病), the medical center said, has greatly ____21____the rise of the number of attacks and the very device comes at the right time to the rescue.
A medical worker, once experiencing an attack, can press the button attached to his working ID card to activate a personal ____22____system and warn the security department—an instant pop-up ____23____will appear on hospital computers, showing the worker’s exact location.
The panic buttons are being ____24____among scores of staff members working in “high-risk areas” of Cox Medical Center. The hospital promises, if there are positive results, to ____25____the program to hundreds of employees. And the system is expected to be ____26____at the end of the year.
Those buttons are ____27____backed by the Skaggs Foundation, a charity in Missouri, which has offered the hospital a big grant. “This project helps maintain our No.1 resource—our health care workers, the number of whom has ____28____so much,” Nita Jane Ayres, Chairman of the foundation, said.
Alan Butler, Cox Health’s system director, agreed the buttons were a(n) ____29____tool in the battle to keep the staff safe. The entire number of attacks on staff by patients has risen from 40 in 2019 to 123 in 2020, and total injuries rocketed from 17 to 78.
____30____ , even those numbers scarcely paint the full picture. Angie Smith, the medical center’s patient safety facilitator, said that many workplace violence events went ____31____because “staff don’t feel like they will be supported or don’t feel like they will be able to do anything about it.” “The ____32____parts of being in health care now are not only being able to give excellent care to your patients”, she said, “but also feeling ____33____yourself as their caregiver.”
____34____, workplace violence in medical centers deserved our attention even before the pandemic. A survey of thousands of emergency physicians found that nearly half of the participants had undergone attacks while working, and roughly ninety-seven percent of those were ____35____by patients.
21. A. covered up B. contributed to C. developed with D. got through
22. A. medical B. emotional C. tracing D. facilitating
23. A. blocker B. menu C. command D. alert
24. A. designed B. tested C. questioned D. stored
25. A. assign B. explain C. hand D. expand
26. A. implemented B. analyzed C. eliminated D. restricted
27. A. conditionally B. financially C. psychologically D. theoretically
28. A. bounced B. advanced C. shrunk D. multiplied
29. A. predictable B. irreplaceable C. tricky D. timely
30. A. However B. Instead C. Hence D. Furthermore
31. A. overestimated B. underreported C. updated D. downloaded
32. A. confusing B. promising C. primary D. risky
33. A. selfless B. grateful C. qualified D. protected
34. A. Actually B. Consequently C. Naturally D. Eventually
35. A. prohibited B. cautioned C. committed D. overlooked
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了密苏里州考克斯医疗中心(Cox Medical Center)的数百名医护人员很快将配备个人应急按钮，以应对针对医护人员的暴力事件。
【21题详解】
考查短语词义辨析。句意：医疗中心说，流行病极大地促成攻击数量的上升，而这个装置恰好在救援的时候出现了。 A.covered up 掩盖；B.contributed to 有助于、促成；C.developed with 发展；D.got through 通过、完成、接通电话。根据下文“the rise of the number of attacks”可知，流行病应该是促成了袭击事件的发生。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词和动名词词义辨析。句意：医务人员一旦受到攻击，可以按下工作身份证上的按钮，激活个人追踪系统。A.medical 医学的；B.emotional 情感的；C.tracing 追踪D.facilitating 促进。根据下文“showing the worker’s exact location”可知，空格处说的是追踪系统。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：并警告安全部门——医院电脑上会出现一个即时弹出的警报，显示工作人员的确切位置。A.blocker 阻挡者、阻塞物；B.menu 菜单；C.command 命令、指挥； D.alert 警报、警示。根据下文“will appear on hospital computers, showing the worker’s exact location.”可知，电脑上应该是出现警报从而能定位员工的具体位置。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：紧急按钮正在考克斯医疗中心“高风险区域”工作的数十名工作人员中进行测试。A.designed 设计；B.tested 测试；C.questioned 怀疑；D.stored 储存。根据下文“ if there are positive results”说到了如果有积极结果，可知，这是一项测试。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：医院承诺，如果有积极的结果，将把这个项目扩大到数百名员工 。A.assign 分派、分配；B.explain 解释；C.hand 传递；D.expand 扩展、扩大。根据下文“the program to hundreds of employees”可知，要扩大到数百名员工。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：该系统预计将于今年年底实施。A.implemented 实施、执行；B.analyzed 分析；C.eliminated 消除、排除；D.restricted 限制。根据上文的“And the system is expected to be”可知，这项系统将要实施。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这些按钮是由密苏里州的慈善机构Skaggs基金会资助的，该基金会向这家医院提供了一大笔赠款。A.conditionally 附有条件地；B.financially 财政上、金融上；C.psychologically 心理上地；D.theoretically 理论地。根据下文“which has offered the hospital a big grant.”可知，这个基金会给了一个大的金融方面的资助。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个项目有助于维护我们的头号资源——我们的医护人员，他们的数量已经减少了很多。A.bounced 反弹；B.advanced 行进、发展；C.shrunk 收缩；D.multiplied 乘、增加。根据上文“This project helps maintain our No.1 resource”可知，这个项目起了保护作用，因为医护人的数量已经减少了。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：考克斯健康公司的系统主管艾伦·巴特勒同意按钮在保护员工安全的战斗中是一个及时的工具。A.predictable 可预测的；B.irreplaceable 不可替代的；C.tricky 棘手的、狡猾的；D.timely 及时的。根据下文“in the battle to keep the staff safe.”可知，这是一个“及时”的工具。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，即使是这些数字也很难描绘出全貌。A.However 然而； B.Instead 代替、反而；C.Hence 因此；D.Furthermore 此外、而且。根据下文“even those numbers scarcely paint the full picture.”可知，是转折关系，故选A。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该医疗中心的患者安全协调员安吉·史密斯说，很多工作场所的暴力事件被低估了，因为“员工觉得他们不会得到支持，或者觉得自己对此无能为力。” A.overestimated 估计过高的；B.underreported估计过低的； C.updated 更新的；D.downloaded 下载的。根据下文“because “staff don’t feel like they will be supported or don’t feel like they will be able to do anything about it.””可知，员工感觉不会得到支持，所以很多袭击事件被低估了。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说:“现在医疗保健的主要部分不仅是能够为你的病人提供出色的护理，而且作为他们的护理者感到自己受到了保护。”A.confusing 令人迷惑的；B.promising 有前途的；C.primary 主要的；D.risky 有风险的。根据下文的“not only being able to give excellent care to your patients ”可知，不仅仅能够提供好的护理，所以用“主要的”这个词更符合语境。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说:“现在医疗保健的主要部分不仅是能够为你的病人提供出色的护理，而且作为他们的护理者感到自己受到了保护。”A.selfless 无私的 B.grateful 感激的；C.qualified 有资格的；D.protected 受保护的。根据上文“not only being able to give excellent care to your patients”可知，不但是提到护理，而且感到受保护，更符合语境。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实上，在流行病之前，医疗中心的工作场所暴力就值得我们关注。A.Actually 事实上；B.Consequently 因此、结果；C.Naturally 自然地；D.Eventually 最终。根据下文“workplace violence in medical centers deserved our attention even before the pandemic”可知，说的是事实，所以用“事实上”符合语境。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一项针对数千名急诊医生的调查发现，近一半的参与者在工作时遭受过攻击，其中大约97%是由病人造成的。A.prohibited 禁止；B.cautioned 警告； C.committed做出(错或非法的事) ；D.overlooked 忽略。根据上文“A survey of thousands of emergency physicians found that nearly half of the participants had undergone attacks while working, ”可知，医务人员工作时遭遇过攻击，所以大约97%是由病人造成的。故选C。
Section B
Directions： Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A， B， C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
（A）
For 38-year-old Justin Herald, the journey to wealth began one Sunday morning at a church in Sydney's northwest, when he was involved in a quarrel with a member of the church choir. "You have an attitude problem," she told him.
The accusation sparked something in him, and he borrowed $50 from his brother to have four T-shirts printed with the slogan: "I don't have an attitude problem; you have a perception problem."
"It was the best $50 I ever spent," laughs Herald. By the end of the morning, he had sold three of the four T-shirts. With the money he made, he had another six printed, then 12, then 24. "That first year the earning were $98,000," he says.
His business, Attitude Inc., is now a multi-million-dollar company with a wide range of products selling in 3,500 stores across Australia. His business was due to not just clever marketing - the public loved the slogan - but also he has to admit that in those days there was very little competition in his sector of the clothing industry, and he was in the right place at the right time.
The media spotlight also helped, with people paying attention to Herald's likeable personality and infections passion for his business: the night of one TV appearance, 187 stores rang to get his products into their stores.
Herald sold the business three years ago, by which time it was turning over $30 million a year, and now spends his time as a motivational speaker. His message: anyone can be financially successful if they set their mind to it. "You have to have a lot of stickability, because not everything is going to work the way you plan it."
Still living in Castle Hill with his wife and two children, Herald believes too many successful people become caught up in the trappings of wealth. "I have lived here since I left school at 16," he says. "In this area, you don't forget where you came from."
36. Why does Herald think it was the best $50 he ever spent?
A. Because that sum of money covered the cost of four T-shirt
B. Because that sum of money showed his accusation was wrong.
C. Because he received that sum of money when he was in need.
D. Because he gained more than expected from that sum of money.
37. According to Herald, the success of his business resulted from _________.
A. good timing and cooperation B. business sense and luck
C. fierce competition and passion D. family background and motivation
38. The underlined word "stickability" （paragraph 6） is closest in meaning to _________.
A. competence B. conscience C. persistence D. fortune
39. The best title for the passage might be _________
A. Attitude Pays Off B. No Bravery, No Gains
C. Start a Business D. Never Too Old to Challenge Yourself
【答案】36. D 37. B 38. C 39. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是Justin Herald的致富的过程，强调了他的坚持使他富有。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“By the end of the morning, he had sold three of the four T-shirts. With the money he made, he had another six printed, then 12, then 24. "That first year the earning were $98,000," he says.（到上午结束时，他已经卖出了四件t恤中的三件。用赚来的钱，他又印了6张，然后是12张，然后是24张。 “第一年的收入是9.8万美元，”他说。）”可知，Herald认为这是他花过的最好的50美元是因为他从那笔钱中获得了超出预期的收益。故选D。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“His business was due to not just clever marketing - the public loved the slogan - but also he has to admit that in those days there was very little competition in his sector of the clothing industry, and he was in the right place at the right time.（他的生意不仅因为高明的市场营销——公众喜欢这个口号——而且他不得不承认，当时他所在的服装行业几乎没有竞争，而且他在正确的时间出现在了正确的地方。）”可知，据Herald说，他生意的成功源于商业意识和运气，故选B。
【38题详解】
词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段的“anyone can be financially successful if they set their mind to it（只要下定决心，任何人都可以在经济上获得成功）”及“because not everything is going to work the way you plan it（因为并不是所有事情都能按照你的计划进行） ”可知，并不是所有事情都能按照你的计划进行，因此要下定决心，坚持下去，也就是要有毅力，划线词stickability的意思是“坚持不懈”，即persistence，故选C。
【39题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段的“The accusation sparked something in him, and he borrowed $50 from his brother to have four T-shirts printed with the slogan: "I don't have an attitude problem; you have a perception problem."（这一指控触动了他的内心，他向哥哥借了50美元，买了四件t恤，上面印着这样的标语： “我没有态度问题;你的看法有问题。”）”可知，本文主要讲的是Justin Herald的致富的过程，并说明了他变得富有是因为他有坚持不懈的态度，因此最好的题目是A选项“Attitude Pays Off（态度得到了回报）”，故选A。
（B）
HARRY POTTER AND THE FORBIDDEN JOURNEY
Universal Studio Resort
Make your way through the classrooms and corridors of Hogwarts. Then rocket above the castle grounds on a groundbreaking new ride that lets you join Harry Potter and his friends on an unforgettably thrilling adventure.
Our goal is to ensure that everyone is able to make well informed decisions about their ability to safely, comfortably, and conveniently experience each of our attractions.
1. CAUTION:
This ride imitates dramatic aerobatics and includes sudden acceleration, stopping, turning, climbing, and dropping.
Failure to follow posted guidelines may result in serious injury or expulsion (驱逐) from the park.
● Attraction is not allowed for Guests with a history of heart conditions or abnormal blood pressure.
● Attraction is not allowed for Guests with back, neck, or similar physical conditions.
● Expectant mothers are not allowed on this attraction.
● Attraction is not recommended for Guests easily influenced to motion sickness or dizziness.
● Attraction is not recommended for Guests who have fear of enclosed spaces.
● Attraction is not allowed for Guests with recent surgery or other conditions that may be worsened by this ride.
● Prosthetic limbs (义肢) must be secured to prevent hazards or loss due to ride forces. Please see an attendant for assistance.
● Guests under 122cm may not ride.
● Weight not to exceed 136 kg.
● This attraction cannot accommodate guide dogs. A portable pet cage is available upon request.
2. TO AVOID SERIOUS INJURY:
● Remain seated with your head firmly against the headrest.
● Keep hands and feet inside the vehicle.
● Hold onto shoulder restraints at all times.
● No Photography or Video Recording.
● Maximum capacity 4 persons.
● Keep safely all loose articles (phones, hats, glasses, video-recording equipment, cameras, wallets, keys, etc.) in the lockers provided or leave with a non-rider.
● No eating, drinking, or smoking.
40. In the passage, the underlined word aerobatics is closest in meaning to “________”.
A. violent movements B. plunging activities
C. increasing rides D. rapid actions
41. What is a proper behavior during rides according to the given information?
A. Guests must keep cameras inside their pockets or bags.
B. Children who are under a certain age are not allowed on this ride.
C. People with prosthetic limbs should remove them before the ride so as not to lose them.
D. People with visual sickness need to keep their guide dogs with them all the way through the ride.
42. Where would this page most probably be found on the Universal Studio homepage?
A. Guest Services B. About Us C. Things to Do D. Plan Your Visit
【答案】40. A 41. B 42. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文，主要讲的是环球影城度假村的模仿哈利波特飞行的项目。
【40题详解】
词句猜测题。根据1. CAUTION:部分的“This ride imitates dramatic aerobatics and and includes sudden acceleration, stopping, turning, climbing, and dropping.”（这种飞行模拟了剧烈的aerobatics，包括突然加速、停止、转弯、爬升和下降。）可知，这种飞行包括突然加速、停止、转弯、爬升和下降这些剧烈运动，因此划线词aerobatics的意思是“剧烈的活动”，即violent movements，故选A。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据1. CAUTION:部分的“Guests under 122cm may not ride.”（身高低于122厘米者不得乘坐。）可知，未满一定年龄的儿童不得乘坐此游乐设施。故选B。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。根据Universal Studio Resort部分的“Make your way through the classrooms and corridors of Hogwarts. Then rocket above the castle grounds on a groundbreaking new ride that lets you join Harry Potter and his friends on an unforgettably thrilling adventure.”（穿过霍格沃茨的教室和走廊。然后，你可以乘坐一辆突破性的新汽车，在城堡上空驰骋，加入哈利·波特和他的朋友们，进行一场令人难忘的惊心动魄的冒险。）可知，本文讲的是在环球影城度假村可以参加的项目，因此这篇文章最可能出现在环球影城的主页 的“要做的事情”部分，故选C。
（C）
Is that “empathy”（移情） or “sympathy” you’re showing? While the two words are often incorrectly used interchangeably, the difference in their emotional impact is important.
Empathy, literally “walk a mile in others’ shoes”, goes beyond sympathy, a simple expression of concern for another person’s misfortune. Empathy requires the ability to recognize the suffering of another person from their point of view and to openly share their emotions, including painful distress. Since it requires shared experiences, people can generally feel empathy only for other people, not for animals. While people may be able to sympathize with a horse, for example, they cannot truly empathize with it.
Sympathy is a feeling and expression of concern for someone, often accompanied by a wish for them to be happier or better off. “Oh dear, I hope the new plan can really work.” In general, sympathy implies a deeper, more personal, level of concern than pity, a simple expression of sorrow. However, unlike empathy, sympathy does not imply that one’s feelings for another are based on shared experiences or emotions.
Psychologists say that empathy is essential in forming relationships and acting toward others. Since it involves experiencing another person’s point of view — stepping outside one’s self —empathy enables genuinely helping behaviors that come easily and naturally, rather than having to be forced.
Empathetic people work effectively in groups, make more lasting friendships, and are more likely to step in when they see others being mistreated. It is believed that people begin to show empathy in infancy and develop the quality through childhood and adolescence. Despite their level of concern for others, however, most people tend to feel deeper empathy for people similar to themselves compared to people outside their family, community, race, or cultural background.
However, taken to extremes, deep or extended feelings of empathy can actually be harmful to one’s emotional health. Empathy can make people angry — perhaps dangerously so — if they mistakenly perceive that another person is threatening a person they care for.
For years, psychologists have reported cases of too empathetic patients endangering the well-being of themselves and their families by giving away their life savings to random needy individuals. Such too empathetic people who feel they are somehow responsible for the distress of others have developed an empathy-based guilt.
43. What does the phrase “walk a mile in others’ shoes” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Put oneself in others’ situation.
B. Walk a long distance in others’ shoes.
C. Accompany others in the long jogging.
D. Walk with others to share their experiences.
44. How do you understand the level of concern according to Paragraph 2 and Paragraph 3?
A. Pity = sympathy. B. Sympathy = empathy.
C. Pity < sympathy. D. Sympathy > empathy.
45. Which of the following statements about empathy is true?
A. Empathy is a feeling that exists between human beings and animals.
B. Empathy is essential to form relationship, so the deeper, the better.
C. Empathy is to just express sadness to other without shared experiences.
D. People are more likely to show empathy to those who have something in common.
46. What is the best title of the passage?
A. Empathy, Good or Bad? B. Two Important Human Feelings.
C. Empathy vs. Sympathy. D. Empathy, A Must in Relationship.
【答案】43. A 44. C 45. D 46. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了移情与同情及其区别。
【43题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章第二段“ Empathy requires the ability to recognize the suffering of another person from their point of view and to openly share their emotions, including painful distress. ”（同理心需要有能力从他人的角度认识他人的痛苦，并公开分享他们的情绪，包括痛苦的困扰。）可知同理心即“walk a mile in others’ shoes”指的是设身处地为他人着想。故选A。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“In general, sympathy implies a deeper, more personal, level of concern than pity, a simple expression of sorrow. ”(一般来说，同情意味着一种比怜悯更深刻、更个人化的关心，一种简单的悲伤表达)可知同情的程度是高于怜悯的。故选C。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段“however, most people tend to feel deeper empathy for people similar to themselves compared to people outside their family, community, race, or cultural background.”（然而，与家庭、社区、种族或文化背景以外的人相比，大多数人倾向于对与自己相似的人产生更深的同理心。）可知人们更有可能对那些和自己有共同之处的人表示同情。故选D。
【46题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章主题段第一段“Is that “empathy”（移情） or “sympathy” you’re showing? While the two words are often incorrectly used interchangeably, the difference in their emotional impact is important.”（你是在表示同情还是移情?虽然这两个词经常被错误地互换使用，但它们在情感上的不同影响是重要的。）后文对两者的区别进行了具体的介绍。可知文章主要讲的是移情与同情。故选C。
Section C
15. Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Trading Ages
It took five hours every morning to make Karoline and Nick look like elderly people in their seventies. They were given a synthetic wrinkled skin, false teeth and false hair. They also wore body suits to make them look fatter and contact lenses to make their eyes look older. The discomfort of the makeup, the heavy suits, and the contact lenses (which made their eyesight worse)gave them a small taste of the physical problems of old age. They were also coached to walk and speak like people in their seventies. ____47____. There was a video diary to record their experiences and hidden cameras to record how other people reacted to them.
____48____ Karoline was astonished to be ignored by some workmen, who only hours before had been whistling at her when she had been an attractive young woman. Nick said, “I learned that how people treat you depends on what you look like.” On one occasion a bus driver treated him very rudely when he tried to pay his fare with a large bill. “I was amazed. He wouldn’t have talked like that to my young self.”
There is a point in the documentary when Karoline breaks down and cries. It comes at the end of a day out with her two new senior citizen friends, Betty and Sylvia. It is partly because she feels guilty that she is tricking them, but mainly because she realizes that they are individuals, and not just members of what she had previously thought of as “the elderly.” “They were talking about real things and I felt unqualified. They had been through so much. ____49____. It was as if I was seeing the young people inside them. Before I would have just seen the wrinkles.”
____50____ Nick said, “I’d never thought about getting old before.” Karoline said, “The whole experience of living as an old person helped me to understand them far better and also to understand myself. I felt in a way that they were just young people in an old body trying to deal with the problems of old age. I’m not ready to be 73, but I’m not scared like I was.”
A. It made me realize how ignorant I was.
B. Though she loved her 86-year- old grandmother she had found it hard to visit her.
C. Both Karoline and Nick found making the program life changing.
D. Afterward, both of them described the “invisibility” of being old.
E. Then they had to live each day, for a month, as an old person.
F. Nick was also nearly robbed when he was taking money out of an ATM.
【答案】47. E 48. D 49. A 50. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了卡罗琳和尼克通过一个节目体验老年人的生活状态。
【47题详解】
根据前文“It took five hours every morning to make Karoline and Nick look like elderly people in their seventies. They were given a synthetic wrinkled skin, false teeth and false hair. They also wore body suits to make them look fatter and contact lenses to make their eyes look older. The discomfort of the makeup, the heavy suits, and the contact lenses （which made their eyesight worse） gave them a small taste of the physical problems of old age. They were also coached to walk and speak like people in their seventies.( 每天早上都要花五个小时把卡罗琳和尼克打扮得像七十多岁的老人。他们的皮肤是人工合成的，有皱纹，还有假牙和假头发。他们还穿紧身衣让自己看起来更胖，戴隐形眼镜让自己的眼睛看起来更老。不舒服的妆容、厚重的衣服和隐形眼镜(这让他们的视力变差)让他们尝了一点老年身体问题的滋味。他们还被训练像70多岁的人一样走路和说话。)”和下文“There was a video diary to record their experiences and hidden cameras to record how other people reacted to them. (有一个视频日记记录他们的经历，还有隐藏的摄像头记录其他人对他们的反应。)”可知，视频日记和隐形摄像机会记录卡罗琳和尼克以老年状态生活一段时间。所以选择项E.Then they had to live each day, for a month, as an old person. (然后他们要作为老年人生活一个月)符合上下文语境。故选E。
【48题详解】
根据后文“Karoline was astonished to be ignored by some workmen, who only hours before had been whistling at her when she had been an attractive young woman. Nick said, “I learned that how people treat you depends on what you look like.” On one occasion a bus driver treated him very rudely when he tried to pay his fare with a large bill. “I was amazed. He wouldn’t have talked like that to my young self.”(卡罗琳吃惊地发现，几个小时前，她还是个迷人的年轻女子，工人们还在对她吹口哨。尼克说：“我明白了人们如何对待你取决于你的长相。”有一次，当他要付一大笔车费时，一个公共汽车司机对他非常粗鲁。“我很惊讶。他不会这样对年轻时的我说话。”)”可知，本段是描写卡罗琳和尼克作为老年状态生活的感觉。所以选择项D. Afterward, both of them described the “invisibility” of being old. (之后，两人都描述了变老的“被忽视”的感觉)符合上下文语境。故选D。
【49题详解】
根据前文“It comes at the end of a day out with her two new senior citizen friends, Betty and Sylvia. It is partly because she feels guilty that she is tricking them, but mainly because she realizes that they are individuals, and not just members of what she had previously thought of as “the elderly.” “They were talking about real things and I felt unqualified. They had been through so much. (这是在她和她的两位新老年朋友贝蒂和西尔维娅外出的一天结束的时候。部分原因是她觉得自己欺骗了他们，但主要是因为她意识到他们是独立的个体，而不仅仅是她之前认为的“老年人”的成员。“他们在谈论真实的事情，我觉得自己不够格。”他们经历了太多)”和后文“It was as if I was seeing the young people inside them. Before I would have just seen the wrinkles.(就好像我看到了里面的年轻人。以前我只会看到皱纹)”可知，这里描述卡罗琳当时的感受。所以选择项A. It made me realize how ignorant I was. (这让我意识到我是多么无知)”符合上下文语境。故选A。
【50题详解】
根据后文“Nick said, “I’d never thought about getting old before.” Karoline said, “The whole experience of living as an old person helped me to understand them far better and also to understand myself. I felt in a way that they were just young people in an old body trying to deal with the problems of old age. I’m not ready to be 73, but I’m not scared like I was.”( 尼克说：“我以前从没想过会变老。”卡罗琳说：“作为一个老人的整个生活经历帮助我更好地了解他们，也了解自己。在某种程度上，我觉得他们只不过是年轻人，身在老年人的躯体里，试图解决老年的问题。我还没准备好73岁，但我已经不像以前那样害怕了。”)”可知，本段陈述卡罗琳和尼克体验老人后对自己生活的改变。所以选择项C.Both Karoline and Nick found making the program life changing. (卡罗琳和尼克都发现让这个节目改变生活)符合上下文语境。故选C。
III. Summary Writing
51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Intensive farming protects biodiversity
A new review says that, to best conserve global biodiversity while feeding a growing human population, agriculture needs to become more intensive rather than more wildlife friendly. The review, published in the Journal of Zoology, looked at 2,500 species worldwide in a range of agricultural landscapes and finds that most species fare better in ‘land sparing’ systems where agriculture is high-yield, intensive and restricted to a smaller area, rather than in ‘land sharing’ systems where the farming itself is more wildlife-friendly but needs more land to produce the same amount of food.
The findings challenge the current push for wildlife-friendly agriculture. “We’ve paid billions for land sharing over the past 30 years in the form of agri-environment schemes, ” says the review’s author Andrew Balmford of the University of Cambridge. “ Land sparing as a strategy makes sense from a science-based perspective,” says Tim Benton, director of the Environment and Society Programme at Chatham House. However, he says an increase in intensive farming would bring its own problems.
“Intensification creates spill-overs due to pollution, climate change and pesticide drift, and the market creates needs to turn natural habitat into revenue-generating agriculture.” According to Joanna Lewis, director of policy and strategy at the Soil Association, “the world needs less intensive agriculture, not more: Intensive farming has driven the significant declines of wildlife that we’ve seen over the last 50 years, so we have to move towards a system where all lands are managed in a way that restores nature.” And that, she says, need not come at the expense of biodiversity, “What makes that possible is shifting towards more-sustainable diets - less meat and less food waste.”
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】According to a new review, intensive farming is a better solution than wildlife-friendly agriculture, to both feeding the population and protecting biodiversity. But some scientists disagree. Tim thinks intensive farming leads to spill-overs and natural habitat being changed into farmland. Joanna says intensive farming has caused wildlife population to drop so land sharing is better if people change their diets.
【解析】
【导语】文章主要介绍了一项新的综述研究，指出为了保护全球生物多样性并养活不断增长的人口，农业需要变得更加集约化（即“土地节约”模式），而非采用对野生动物更友好的“土地共享”模式，但同时也列举了科学家对此的担忧和不同观点。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①A new review says that, to best conserve global biodiversity while feeding a growing human population, agriculture needs to become more intensive rather than more wildlife friendly.
②The findings challenge the current push for wildlife-friendly agriculture.
③ “ Land sparing as a strategy makes sense from a science-based perspective,” says Tim Benton, director of the Environment and Society Programme at Chatham House. However, he says an increase in intensive farming would bring its own problems.
④“Intensification creates spill-overs due to pollution, climate change and pesticide drift, and the market creates needs to turn natural habitat into revenue-generating agriculture.” According to Joanna Lewis, director of policy and strategy at the Soil Association
2. 缜密构思
将第①、②两个要点进行整合，概括综述的核心结论及其对传统农业政策的挑战。将第③、④两个要点进行重组，分别阐述两位科学家对集约化农业的担忧与替代主张，形成对比。
3. 遣词造句
According to a new review, intensive farming is a better solution than wildlife-friendly agriculture, to both feeding the population and protecting biodiversity.
Tim thinks intensive farming leads to spill-overs and natural habitat being changed into farmland.
Joanna says intensive farming has caused wildlife population to drop so land sharing is better if people change their diets
【点睛】【高分句型1】Tim thinks intensive farming leads to spill-overs and natural habitat being changed into farmland.（运用了that引导的宾语从句，that被省略）
【高分句型2】Joanna says intensive farming has caused wildlife population to drop so land sharing is better if people change their diets.（运用了that引导的宾语从句，that被省略，if引导的条件状语从句）
IV. Translation
Directions： Translate the following sentences into English， using the words given in the brackets.
52. 网购有风险，下单需谨慎。(exist)(汉译英)
_____________________________________________________
【答案】Risks exist in online shopping, so we should be cautious when placing orders.
【解析】
【详解】本句为警示标语，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时。“网购有风险”对应 Risks exist in online shopping，exist为要求使用的动词，意为“存在”作谓语，名词复数risks作主语，表泛指；“下单需谨慎”对应so we should be cautious when placing orders，so引导结果状语从句；表示“下单”，可用when placing orders，是状语从句的省略结构，place orders为固定搭配。
53. 安保人员需要具备快速应变能力，这样才能把事故苗头消灭在萌芽状态。（before）(汉译英）
【答案】Security workers should have rapid response ability so that accidents can be avoided before things/they go out of control.
【解析】
【详解】考查目的状语从句和时间状语从句。表示“安保人员”应用短语security worker，应用复数形式表泛指，作主语，即security workers；谓语动词语“需要具备”用情态动词should have；表示“快速应变能力”用rapid response ability作宾语；根据句意，“将事故消灭在萌芽状态”是“安保人员具备应变能力”的目的，应用 so that引导目的状语从句，表示“为了”；目的状语从句中，表示“事故”应用accidents，名词复数形式表示泛指，作从句主语；表示“消灭”应用avoid作从句谓语，aviod与主语accidents之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，即can be avoided；用连词before表示 “趁......还没有，以免”，引导时间状语从句，使用一般现在时；时间状语从句中，使用代词they指代accidents，作主语；表 示“失控”用go out of control，主语they为复数形式，谓语动词使用原形形式。故翻译为Security workers should have rapid response ability so that accidents can be avoided before things/they go out of control.
54. 为增进外国友人对中国书法的了解，他将书法与历史故事结合起来教授。（combine) (汉译英）
【答案】In order to enhance foreign friends’ understanding of Chinese calligraphy, he combined calligraphy with historical stories in his teaching.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语、时态和非谓语动词。in order to为了，引导目的状语；enhance the understanding of增强对……的理解；combine...with...把……与……结合；陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。根据句意，故翻译为In order to enhance foreign friends’ understanding of Chinese calligraphy, he combined calligraphy with historical stories in his teaching.
55. 这位女大学生回乡当“羊倌”是为了实现一个愿望，既可以陪在父母身边生活又能带动村民增收。(that) (汉译英)
____________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】This female college student returned to her hometown to become a “shepherdess” with the wish that she could both live by her parents’ side and help fellow villagers increase their income.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和从句。句子陈述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，“这位女大学生回乡当“羊倌”是为了实现一个愿望”为主句，主语“这位女大学生”为this female college student，“回到她的家乡”用return to her hometown，return作谓语，用过去式returned，“成为一个羊倌”为become a “shepherdess”，作目的状语，用不定式，“带着……的愿望”为with the wish，“既可以陪在父母身边生活又能带动村民增收”是wish的具体内容，处理为同位语从句，从句主语是she，“能够陪在父母身边”为could live by her parents’ side，“带动村民增收”为help fellow villagers increase their income.，“陪伴”和“带动”是并列关系，用and连接。从句成分和意义都完整，用that引导同位语从句。综上，故翻译为This female college student returned to her hometown to become a “shepherdess” with the wish that she could both live by her parents’ side and help fellow villagers increase their income.
V. Guided Writing
56. Direction: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instruction given below in Chinese.
你是高三学生李华，你所属的学校创意社团目前正在开展一项模拟推广活动：向社区年轻人推广以下三个备选项目：1.推广一个国货运动鞋品牌（a Chinese brand of sports shoes）；2.推广一个社区夜市(a community night market)；3.推广一个运动计步app( a step count app)。请向社团委员会（society board）写一封信，提交你的想法。信中必须包括：
1.你选择推广的项目。
2.你选择该项目的理由。
3.你的推广建议。
(信中不得出现考生姓名，学校等真实信息)
【答案】Dear society board
As we all know,The school's creative club is currently running a mock promotion for the young in the region.At present,there are three alternatives:a Chinese brand of sports shoes,a community night market and a step count app.
I am in favor of promoting a steo app.For one thing,It is convenient for us to keep track of how many steps we take each day, and it is good for keeping us healthy.For another, It is useful in helping us achieve our sports goals ,which can increase the fun of sports.
we should teach young people how to use step-counting apps,so that more young people can use the app.Of course, the most important thing is to encourage young people to walk more and make full use of the step count apps.
Yours
LiHua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生向社团委员会（society board）写一封信，提交关于推广项目的想法。
【详解】1.词汇积累
促销：promotion→popularization
支持：in favor of→support
追踪：keep track of→record
乐趣：fun→pleasure
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：It is convenient for us to keep track of how many steps we take each day, and it is good for keeping us healthy.
拓展句：It is convenient for us to keep track of how many steps we take each day, which is good for keeping us healthy.
【点睛】[高分句型1]It is convenient for us to keep track of how many steps we take each day（运用了it做形式主语）
[高分句型2] It is useful in helping us achieve our sports goals ,which can increase the fun of sports.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
第1页/共1页
学科网（北京）股份有限公司
$
复旦大学附属中学2023学年第一学期
高三年级英语学科1月第三次阶段性教学质量评估试卷
I. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below; fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word: for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Billionaires Race to Space
In late July 2021, Jeff Bezos achieved an out-of-this-world ambition. The billionaire founder of Amazon ____1____ (fly) to the edge of space — 62 miles (100 kilometers) above Earth’s surface — on a rocket designed by his company Blue Origin.
“Best day ever,” Bezos said over the radio to mission control after landing safely back on Earth, ____2____others weren’t so impressed. They called the mission an enormous waste of money. Bezos, they argued, ____3____be spending his billions to improve things on Earth.
Bezos wasn’t the first billionaire to set his sights on space. Nor was he the first ____4____ (criticize) about wasting enormous personal wealth. A week ____5____the Amazon founder made history, business owner Richard Branson did, too. Branson became the first person to fly to space on a rocket he helped fund, ____6____ (develop) by his company Virgin Galactic.
Critics say that the money ____7____ (go) toward commercial space travel would be better spent on ____8____they see as more important pursuits. These include working to cure diseases, reducing poverty, and helping to solve the climate crisis. Besides, launching spacecrafts is harmful to the planet, critics declare. ____9____naturalist Holly Haworth pointed out in Sierra magazine, “traveling in rockets is arguably the most carbon-emitting thing an individual can do.”
But supporters of commercial space travel argue that it does benefit humanity. Personal funds _____10_____ (put) toward high-paying jobs and a new industry. That’s money they could have spent on new limousines or villas for themselves, supporters say. Plus, their companies are investing in new technologies that increase access to space and drive innovation in other areas as well.
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. engagement B. specific C. observed D. wandering E. resembled
F. follow G. implements H. finding I. improvements J. translate K. require
Brain Training through Virtual Reality
Scientists have long sought to prevent sharp memories from dulling with age, but the problem remains persistent. Now new research suggests virtual reality might help older people recall facts and events based on ____11____ details.
The study involved 42 healthy older adults from the San Francisco Bay Area. Half spent a dozen hours over four weeks playing a virtual-reality game called Labyrinth; they wore headsets and walked in place, ____12____ virtual neighbourhoods while completing tasks. The other half, in the control group, used electronic tablets to play games that didn’t ____13____ finding positions or recalling details. After 15 sessions, the latter performed roughly the same as before on a long-term memory test based on picking out objects they had seen about an hour earlier. But the Labyrinth players’ scores rose, and they were less frequently tricked by objects that ____14____ the ones they had viewed.
Those ____15____ “brought them back up to the level of another group of younger adults who did the same memory tests,” says Peter Wais, the researcher who designed the VR game. The game likely stimulates the hippocampus — a brain area important for long-term memory. What the Wais’s team is trying to do is uniquely suited to VR,” says Meredith Thompson, who studies learning through VR games but was not involved in the new study. “VR can provide greater ____16____ than other games,” she says, adding that after this proof-of-concept study, “it would be great to actually ____17____ people over time and see what this type of game does for long-term memory.” Wais’s team is now investigating how long the ____18____ effects last and which elements of the training have the most impact.
It remains unclear how test performance in a laboratory setting might ____19____ to real-world situations. The outcome, needs to be repeated, ideally with a much larger group, before it’s treated as a strong _____20_____.
II. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Health Care Workers Getting Panic Buttons
Hundreds of health care workers at Cox Medical Center in Missouri will soon be equipped with personal panic buttons, following over a year of increased violence against staff members. The pandemic (流行病), the medical center said, has greatly ____21____the rise of the number of attacks and the very device comes at the right time to the rescue.
A medical worker, once experiencing an attack, can press the button attached to his working ID card to activate a personal ____22____system and warn the security department—an instant pop-up ____23____will appear on hospital computers, showing the worker’s exact location.
The panic buttons are being ____24____among scores of staff members working in “high-risk areas” of Cox Medical Center. The hospital promises, if there are positive results, to ____25____the program to hundreds of employees. And the system is expected to be ____26____at the end of the year.
Those buttons are ____27____backed by the Skaggs Foundation, a charity in Missouri, which has offered the hospital a big grant. “This project helps maintain our No.1 resource—our health care workers, the number of whom has ____28____so much,” Nita Jane Ayres, Chairman of the foundation, said.
Alan Butler, Cox Health’s system director, agreed the buttons were a(n) ____29____tool in the battle to keep the staff safe. The entire number of attacks on staff by patients has risen from 40 in 2019 to 123 in 2020, and total injuries rocketed from 17 to 78.
____30____ , even those numbers scarcely paint the full picture. Angie Smith, the medical center’s patient safety facilitator, said that many workplace violence events went ____31____because “staff don’t feel like they will be supported or don’t feel like they will be able to do anything about it.” “The ____32____parts of being in health care now are not only being able to give excellent care to your patients”, she said, “but also feeling ____33____yourself as their caregiver.”
____34____, workplace violence in medical centers deserved our attention even before the pandemic. A survey of thousands of emergency physicians found that nearly half of the participants had undergone attacks while working, and roughly ninety-seven percent of those were ____35____by patients.
21. A. covered up B. contributed to C. developed with D. got through
22. A. medical B. emotional C. tracing D. facilitating
23. A. blocker B. menu C. command D. alert
24. A. designed B. tested C. questioned D. stored
25. A. assign B. explain C. hand D. expand
26. A. implemented B. analyzed C. eliminated D. restricted
27. A. conditionally B. financially C. psychologically D. theoretically
28. A. bounced B. advanced C. shrunk D. multiplied
29. A. predictable B. irreplaceable C. tricky D. timely
30. A. However B. Instead C. Hence D. Furthermore
31. A. overestimated B. underreported C. updated D. downloaded
32. A. confusing B. promising C. primary D. risky
33. A. selfless B. grateful C. qualified D. protected
34. A. Actually B. Consequently C. Naturally D. Eventually
35. A. prohibited B. cautioned C. committed D. overlooked
Section B
Directions： Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A， B， C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
（A）
For 38-year-old Justin Herald, the journey to wealth began one Sunday morning at a church in Sydney's northwest, when he was involved in a quarrel with a member of the church choir. "You have an attitude problem," she told him.
The accusation sparked something in him, and he borrowed $50 from his brother to have four T-shirts printed with the slogan: "I don't have an attitude problem; you have a perception problem."
"It was the best $50 I ever spent," laughs Herald. By the end of the morning, he had sold three of the four T-shirts. With the money he made, he had another six printed, then 12, then 24. "That first year the earning were $98,000," he says.
His business, Attitude Inc., is now a multi-million-dollar company with a wide range of products selling in 3,500 stores across Australia. His business was due to not just clever marketing - the public loved the slogan - but also he has to admit that in those days there was very little competition in his sector of the clothing industry, and he was in the right place at the right time.
The media spotlight also helped, with people paying attention to Herald's likeable personality and infections passion for his business: the night of one TV appearance, 187 stores rang to get his products into their stores.
Herald sold the business three years ago, by which time it was turning over $30 million a year, and now spends his time as a motivational speaker. His message: anyone can be financially successful if they set their mind to it. "You have to have a lot of stickability, because not everything is going to work the way you plan it."
Still living in Castle Hill with his wife and two children, Herald believes too many successful people become caught up in the trappings of wealth. "I have lived here since I left school at 16," he says. "In this area, you don't forget where you came from."
36. Why does Herald think it was the best $50 he ever spent?
A. Because that sum of money covered the cost of four T-shirt
B. Because that sum of money showed his accusation was wrong.
C. Because he received that sum of money when he was in need.
D. Because he gained more than expected from that sum of money.
37. According to Herald, the success of his business resulted from _________.
A. good timing and cooperation B. business sense and luck
C. fierce competition and passion D. family background and motivation
38. The underlined word "stickability" （paragraph 6） is closest in meaning to _________.
A. competence B. conscience C. persistence D. fortune
39. The best title for the passage might be _________
A. Attitude Pays Off B. No Bravery, No Gains
C. Start a Business D. Never Too Old to Challenge Yourself
（B）
HARRY POTTER AND THE FORBIDDEN JOURNEY
Universal Studio Resort
Make your way through the classrooms and corridors of Hogwarts. Then rocket above the castle grounds on a groundbreaking new ride that lets you join Harry Potter and his friends on an unforgettably thrilling adventure.
Our goal is to ensure that everyone is able to make well informed decisions about their ability to safely, comfortably, and conveniently experience each of our attractions.
1. CAUTION:
This ride imitates dramatic aerobatics and includes sudden acceleration, stopping, turning, climbing, and dropping.
Failure to follow posted guidelines may result in serious injury or expulsion (驱逐) from the park.
● Attraction is not allowed for Guests with a history of heart conditions or abnormal blood pressure.
● Attraction is not allowed for Guests with back, neck, or similar physical conditions.
● Expectant mothers are not allowed on this attraction.
● Attraction is not recommended for Guests easily influenced to motion sickness or dizziness.
● Attraction is not recommended for Guests who have fear of enclosed spaces.
● Attraction is not allowed for Guests with recent surgery or other conditions that may be worsened by this ride.
● Prosthetic limbs (义肢) must be secured to prevent hazards or loss due to ride forces. Please see an attendant for assistance.
● Guests under 122cm may not ride.
● Weight not to exceed 136 kg.
● This attraction cannot accommodate guide dogs. A portable pet cage is available upon request.
2. TO AVOID SERIOUS INJURY:
● Remain seated with your head firmly against the headrest.
● Keep hands and feet inside the vehicle.
● Hold onto shoulder restraints at all times.
● No Photography or Video Recording.
● Maximum capacity 4 persons.
● Keep safely all loose articles (phones, hats, glasses, video-recording equipment, cameras, wallets, keys, etc.) in the lockers provided or leave with a non-rider.
● No eating, drinking, or smoking.
40. In the passage, the underlined word aerobatics is closest in meaning to “________”.
A. violent movements B. plunging activities
C. increasing rides D. rapid actions
41. What is a proper behavior during rides according to the given information?
A. Guests must keep cameras inside their pockets or bags.
B. Children who are under a certain age are not allowed on this ride.
C. People with prosthetic limbs should remove them before the ride so as not to lose them.
D. People with visual sickness need to keep their guide dogs with them all the way through the ride.
42. Where would this page most probably be found on the Universal Studio homepage?
A. Guest Services B. About Us C. Things to Do D. Plan Your Visit
（C）
Is that “empathy”（移情） or “sympathy” you’re showing? While the two words are often incorrectly used interchangeably, the difference in their emotional impact is important.
Empathy, literally “walk a mile in others’ shoes”, goes beyond sympathy, a simple expression of concern for another person’s misfortune. Empathy requires the ability to recognize the suffering of another person from their point of view and to openly share their emotions, including painful distress. Since it requires shared experiences, people can generally feel empathy only for other people, not for animals. While people may be able to sympathize with a horse, for example, they cannot truly empathize with it.
Sympathy is a feeling and expression of concern for someone, often accompanied by a wish for them to be happier or better off. “Oh dear, I hope the new plan can really work.” In general, sympathy implies a deeper, more personal, level of concern than pity, a simple expression of sorrow. However, unlike empathy, sympathy does not imply that one’s feelings for another are based on shared experiences or emotions.
Psychologists say that empathy is essential in forming relationships and acting toward others. Since it involves experiencing another person’s point of view — stepping outside one’s self —empathy enables genuinely helping behaviors that come easily and naturally, rather than having to be forced.
Empathetic people work effectively in groups, make more lasting friendships, and are more likely to step in when they see others being mistreated. It is believed that people begin to show empathy in infancy and develop the quality through childhood and adolescence. Despite their level of concern for others, however, most people tend to feel deeper empathy for people similar to themselves compared to people outside their family, community, race, or cultural background.
However, taken to extremes, deep or extended feelings of empathy can actually be harmful to one’s emotional health. Empathy can make people angry — perhaps dangerously so — if they mistakenly perceive that another person is threatening a person they care for.
For years, psychologists have reported cases of too empathetic patients endangering the well-being of themselves and their families by giving away their life savings to random needy individuals. Such too empathetic people who feel they are somehow responsible for the distress of others have developed an empathy-based guilt.
43. What does the phrase “walk a mile in others’ shoes” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Put oneself in others’ situation.
B. Walk a long distance in others’ shoes.
C. Accompany others in the long jogging.
D. Walk with others to share their experiences.
44. How do you understand the level of concern according to Paragraph 2 and Paragraph 3?
A. Pity = sympathy. B. Sympathy = empathy.
C. Pity < sympathy. D. Sympathy > empathy.
45. Which of the following statements about empathy is true?
A. Empathy is a feeling that exists between human beings and animals.
B. Empathy is essential to form relationship, so the deeper, the better.
C. Empathy is to just express sadness to other without shared experiences.
D. People are more likely to show empathy to those who have something in common.
46. What is the best title of the passage?
A. Empathy, Good or Bad? B. Two Important Human Feelings.
C. Empathy vs. Sympathy. D. Empathy, A Must in Relationship.
Section C
15. Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Trading Ages
It took five hours every morning to make Karoline and Nick look like elderly people in their seventies. They were given a synthetic wrinkled skin, false teeth and false hair. They also wore body suits to make them look fatter and contact lenses to make their eyes look older. The discomfort of the makeup, the heavy suits, and the contact lenses (which made their eyesight worse)gave them a small taste of the physical problems of old age. They were also coached to walk and speak like people in their seventies. ____47____. There was a video diary to record their experiences and hidden cameras to record how other people reacted to them.
____48____ Karoline was astonished to be ignored by some workmen, who only hours before had been whistling at her when she had been an attractive young woman. Nick said, “I learned that how people treat you depends on what you look like.” On one occasion a bus driver treated him very rudely when he tried to pay his fare with a large bill. “I was amazed. He wouldn’t have talked like that to my young self.”
There is a point in the documentary when Karoline breaks down and cries. It comes at the end of a day out with her two new senior citizen friends, Betty and Sylvia. It is partly because she feels guilty that she is tricking them, but mainly because she realizes that they are individuals, and not just members of what she had previously thought of as “the elderly.” “They were talking about real things and I felt unqualified. They had been through so much. ____49____. It was as if I was seeing the young people inside them. Before I would have just seen the wrinkles.”
____50____ Nick said, “I’d never thought about getting old before.” Karoline said, “The whole experience of living as an old person helped me to understand them far better and also to understand myself. I felt in a way that they were just young people in an old body trying to deal with the problems of old age. I’m not ready to be 73, but I’m not scared like I was.”
A. It made me realize how ignorant I was.
B. Though she loved her 86-year- old grandmother she had found it hard to visit her.
C. Both Karoline and Nick found making the program life changing.
D. Afterward, both of them described the “invisibility” of being old.
E. Then they had to live each day, for a month, as an old person.
F. Nick was also nearly robbed when he was taking money out of an ATM.
III. Summary Writing
51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Intensive farming protects biodiversity
A new review says that, to best conserve global biodiversity while feeding a growing human population, agriculture needs to become more intensive rather than more wildlife friendly. The review, published in the Journal of Zoology, looked at 2,500 species worldwide in a range of agricultural landscapes and finds that most species fare better in ‘land sparing’ systems where agriculture is high-yield, intensive and restricted to a smaller area, rather than in ‘land sharing’ systems where the farming itself is more wildlife-friendly but needs more land to produce the same amount of food.
The findings challenge the current push for wildlife-friendly agriculture. “We’ve paid billions for land sharing over the past 30 years in the form of agri-environment schemes, ” says the review’s author Andrew Balmford of the University of Cambridge. “ Land sparing as a strategy makes sense from a science-based perspective,” says Tim Benton, director of the Environment and Society Programme at Chatham House. However, he says an increase in intensive farming would bring its own problems.
“Intensification creates spill-overs due to pollution, climate change and pesticide drift, and the market creates needs to turn natural habitat into revenue-generating agriculture.” According to Joanna Lewis, director of policy and strategy at the Soil Association, “the world needs less intensive agriculture, not more: Intensive farming has driven the significant declines of wildlife that we’ve seen over the last 50 years, so we have to move towards a system where all lands are managed in a way that restores nature.” And that, she says, need not come at the expense of biodiversity, “What makes that possible is shifting towards more-sustainable diets - less meat and less food waste.”
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
IV. Translation
Directions： Translate the following sentences into English， using the words given in the brackets.
52. 网购有风险，下单需谨慎。(exist)(汉译英)
_____________________________________________________
53. 安保人员需要具备快速应变能力，这样才能把事故苗头消灭在萌芽状态。（before）(汉译英）
54. 为增进外国友人对中国书法的了解，他将书法与历史故事结合起来教授。（combine) (汉译英）
55. 这位女大学生回乡当“羊倌”是为了实现一个愿望，既可以陪在父母身边生活又能带动村民增收。(that) (汉译英)
____________________________________________________________________________________
V. Guided Writing
56. Direction: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instruction given below in Chinese.
你是高三学生李华，你所属的学校创意社团目前正在开展一项模拟推广活动：向社区年轻人推广以下三个备选项目：1.推广一个国货运动鞋品牌（a Chinese brand of sports shoes）；2.推广一个社区夜市(a community night market)；3.推广一个运动计步app( a step count app)。请向社团委员会（society board）写一封信，提交你的想法。信中必须包括：
1.你选择推广的项目。
2.你选择该项目的理由。
3.你的推广建议。
(信中不得出现考生姓名，学校等真实信息)
第1页/共1页
学科网（北京）股份有限公司
$
资源预览图
