上海复旦大学附属中学2024-2025学年第一学期高二年级英语学科9月第三次阶段性教学质量评估试卷

复旦大学附属中学2024学年第一学期 高二年级英语学科9月第三次阶段性教学质量评估试卷 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Three Myths About Skin We put importance into caring for skin since it's the first thing other people see. Skin might be one of the least correctly 1          (interpret) parts of our bodies. So today, I'd like to run through three myths we have about skin. Myth No. 1: Healthy skin is skin that looks perfect. When we talk of healthy skin, we 2          think of a clear and smooth surface. But skin is a living organ, 3          heart or lungs and any other complex organ, serving many functions, not just about what's going on at the surface. Myth No. 2: You only need sunscreen on sunny days. UV rays from the sun are so strong that 4          damage our cells' DNA. There are two types that affect the skin. UVA rays damage protein in skin, quickening the pace of aging. UVB rays, meanwhile, cook the outer layer of the skin, causing sunburn. 5          our cells can repair that damage to some extent, it accumulates over time, and can lead to skin cancer. When our skin 6          (expose) to UV rays, it gets darker, which is its way of showing it's been damaged. So by wearing sunscreen, even when it's cloudy, you are protecting yourself from sunburn, early aging and skin cancer. Myth No. 3: You can shrink pores. Pores are the tiny openings in our skin. They're 7          let sweat cool you and oil smooth skin. Pore size is largely determined by genes, 8          function is to carry information for particular characteristics, and rarely changes. In other words, pores don't really shrink. So stop 9          (spend) your money on pore minimizers and just wash your face with the products basically made from stuff that won't block pores. Our skin is 10          amazing organ, so let's treat it right and forget about those myths, OK? Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. housing B. leisurely C. sought D. reference E. primarily F. leg G. winding H. wildly I. pioneered J. major K. highlight 18th Century Grand Tour of Europe The Grand Tour began in the 16th century and gained popularity during the 17th century. Privileged(有特权的) young European graduates 11          a trend where they traveled across the continent in search of art and cultural experiences upon their graduation. This practice, which grew to be 12          popular, became known as the Grand Tour. Specialty guidebooks, tour guides, and other aspects of the tourist industry were developed during this time to meet the needs of wealthy 20-something male and female travelers as they explored the European continent. These young, classically-educated Tourists were rich enough to fund multiple years abroad for themselves and they took full advantage of this. They carried letters of 13          and introduction with them as they departed from southern England to communicate with and learn from people they met in other countries. Some Tourists 14          to continue their education and broaden their horizons while abroad, some were just after fun and 15          travels, but most desired a combination of both. A typical journey through Europe was long and 16          with many stops along the way. London was commonly used as a starting point and the Tour was usually kicked off with a difficult trip across the English Channel. Crossing the wide channel was and is not easy. 17th-and-18th-century Tourists risked seasickness, illness, and even shipwreck on this first 17          of travel. Grand Tourists were 18          interested in visiting cities that were considered centers of culture at the time, so Paris, Rome, and Venice were not to be missed. The average Grand Tourist traveled from city to city, usually spending weeks in smaller cities and months in the three 19          ones. The vast majority of Tourists took part in similar activities during their exploration with art at the center of it all. Once a Tourist arrived at a destination, he would look for 20          and settle in for anywhere from weeks to months, even years. Though certainly not an overly trying experience for most, the Grand Tour presented a unique set of challenges for travelers to overcome. II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Researchers have found that urban heat island effect made worse by sunbaked roads can be relieved by a simple measure: Paint the streets gray. A study by Arizona State University found that 21          a reflective, gray-colored material to black asphalt（柏油）resulted in a 10.5-to-12-degree Fahrenheit drop in average road surface temperatures. Meanwhile, sunrise temperatures 22          an average 2.4-degree drop. "This is exactly what we were hoping for," Phoenix Mayor Kate Gallego said. "It's exciting to see a technology that has the potential to meet the demands of a growing desert city in a world where temperatures are 23          rising." Experts say road temperatures in the Phoenix area can rise to 180 degrees on a hot day. That 24          energy remains in paved surfaces for hours, radiating heat back into nighttime air. Higher overnight temperatures result in warmer mornings, creating a 25          of urban heat island effect. Researchers found as well that the greatest temperature 26          was near the road surface, with less dramatic results 6 feet above the ground. Even so, the neighborhoods with streets reflecting light experienced air temperatures 0.3 to 0.5 degrees cooler compared with neighborhoods with 27          roads. But reflective pavements don't affect all surfaces the same way. Researchers said that "the most meaningful measurement" was of radiant temperatures, a measure of how the body 28          heat. Those measurements showed that the "human experience of heat 29          at noon and in the afternoon hours was higher due to surface reflectivity." It's been noted that the increase in 30          temperatures "may be a necessary trade-off（妥协）to reduce surface temperatures using a reflective surface." Heather Murphy, a spokesperson for the Transportation Department, said the response has been 31          from drivers and residents in neighborhoods where the material is applied. "We have had some people who don't like the look of it, but generally the response has been very 32         ". Still, officials cautioned that reflective pavement is not a remedy for the urban heat island effect. "If you're standing over these surfaces on a hot day, 33         , you're still going to be hot if you're not in the shade," said Jennifer Vanos, an assistant professor at Arizona State University. "So if we really want to 34          true solutions, it's not going to be just painting all the streets gray." A second phase of the study will examine questions about how the material performs under different 35         , including changes in reflectivity, degradation and subsurface temperature over longer periods. 21. A. applying B. sticking C. approaching D. contributing 22. A. occurred B. proved C. turned D. saw 23. A. efficiently B. constantly C. technically D. specifically 24. A. generated B. heated C. absorbed D. calculated 25. A. cycle B. decline C. sample D. variety 26. A. balance B. control C. difference D. equality 27. A. gray-painted B. light-colored C. black-topped D. dry-surfaced 28. A. reflects B. transmits C. resists D. experiences 29. A. extent B. exposure C. absorption D. endurance 30. A. felt B. heated C. stored D. needed 31. A. instant B. all-sided C. objective D. mixed 32. A. optimistic B. positive C. pessimistic D. obvious 33. A. in fact B. as a result C. on the other hand D. for one thing 34. A. put down B. hold up C. push toward D. take back 35. A. variations B. conditions C. circulations D. investigations Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. （A） Why do old people dislike new music? As I've grown older, I often hear people my age say they just don't make good music like they used to. Why does this happen? Luckily, psychology can give us some insights into this puzzle. Musical tastes begin to become clear as early as age 13 or 14. By the time we're in our early 20s, these tastes get locked into place pretty firmly. In fact, studies have found that by the time we turn 33, most of us have stopped listening to new music. Meanwhile, popular songs released when you're in your early teens are likely to remain quite popular among your age group for the rest of your life. There could be a biological explanation for this, as there's evidence that the brain's ability to make subtle distinctions between different chords, rhythms, and melodies weakens with age. So to older people, newer, less familiar songs might all "sound the same." But there are maybe some simpler reasons for older people's dislike of newer music. One of the most researched laws of social psychology is something called the "mere exposure effect", which in essence means that the more we're exposed to something, the more we tend to like it. This happens with people we know, the advertisements we see and the songs we listen to. When you're in your early teens, you probably spend a fair amount of time listening to music or watching music videos. Your favorite songs and artists become familiar, comforting parts of your routine. For many people over 30, job and family obligations increase, so there's less time to spend discovering new music. Instead, many will simply listen to old, familiar favorites from that period of their lives when they had more free time. Psychology research has shown that the emotions that we experience as teens seem more intense than those that come later. And we also know that intense emotions are associated with stronger memories and preferences. Both of these might explain why the songs we listen to during this period become so memorable and beloved. So there's nothing wrong with your parents because they don't like your music. Rather it's all part of the natural order of things. 36. What have studies found about most people by the time they turn 33? A. They no longer listen to new music. B. They find all music sounds the same. C. They can make subtle distinctions about music. D. They seldom listen to songs released in their teens. 37. Which of the following situations agrees with the "mere exposure effect"? A. Tom likes the book, so he reads it more times. B. Andy recites the words repeatedly and he is fed up with them. C. Mike often listens to the same song and becomes more and more interested in it. D. Peter goes to school by bike every day, and therefore his riding skills are better and better. 38. What conclusion can we draw according to the psychology research? A. Teenagers are much more sensitive. B. Teenagers are much more emotional. C. Teenagers' preferences are more lasting. D. Teenagers' emotions are more intense. 39. What is mainly discussed in this passage? A. Quality issues of new music. B. Older people's dislike of new music. C. Older people's changing musical tastes. D. Insights into the features of good music. （B） What Are the Limits of Human Endurance? Paragraph 1: __________ When it comes to running, how far and how fast you can go is determined by a number of physical factors, including your VO2 max (the volume of oxygen you can pump round your body) and your lactate (乳酸盐) threshold, which is the point at which your body produces more lactate than it can break down (a build-up of this chemical makes you run less efficiently). Some of this is genetic, some of it comes from training. But in recent years, sports scientists have also come to recognise the importance of mental strength. The longer you run, the more important a well-thought-out mental strategy is. Common strategies for coping with pain include motivational self-talk and distraction techniques to help block negative thoughts. Paragraph 2: __________ Thirty years ago, scientists calculated that the fastest possible marathon, in perfect conditions and with the perfect athlete, would be 1 hour 58 minutes. And we're getting close. This September, Kenyan long-distance runner Eliud Kipchoge set a new world record of 2:01:39 at the Berlin Marathon — a race ideally suited to fast times because of its flat course, few corners, and typically good weather conditions. Sports physiologists think that the two-hour limit could be broken in the next few decades, as a bigger talent pool of runners, plus advances in training technology, create ever more ideal combinations of athlete and running conditions. Paragraph 3: __________ Long-distance running stresses the body: recent research from the University of the Peloponnese in Greece found that post-race levels of inflammation (炎症) in the blood of ultra-endurance runners (those who run races longer than a marathon) showed similar readings to people with cancer or cirrhosis. However, over the next few days, the runners' levels returned to normal, suggesting that they have a remarkable ability to recover after an extreme workout. Good training is partly about helping you know when, for instance, you've crossed the line from 'good pain' into 'bad pain'. 40. Match each paragraph with one of the following questions, and then make the choice. Is endurance in the mind or in the muscles? Is endurance running bad for you? Will endurance running become a hit? Will anyone ever run a two-hour marathon? A. Paragraph 1: Is endurance running bad for you?; Paragraph 2: Will anyone ever run a two-hour marathon?; Paragraph 3: Is endurance in the mind or in the muscles? B. Paragraph 1: Is endurance in the mind or in the muscles?; Paragraph 2: Is endurance running bad for you?; Paragraph 3: Will anyone ever run a two-hour marathon? C. Paragraph 1: Will anyone ever run a two-hour marathon?; Paragraph 2: Is endurance in the mind or in the muscles?; Paragraph 3: Is endurance running bad for you? D. Paragraph 1: Is endurance in the mind or in the muscles?; Paragraph 2: Will anyone ever run a two-hour marathon?; Paragraph 3: Is endurance running bad for you? 41. According to the research, how can distraction techniques help long-distance runners? A. By raising their VO2 max. B. By helping them concentrate. C. By lowering their lactate threshold. D. By preventing them feeling discouraged. 42. What can be learned from the passage? A. Good training can help you find out your limits. B. The world marathon record is 1 hour 58 minutes. C. Marathon training technology hasn't changed a lot. D. Long-distance running causes lasting harm to our health. （C） As the concept of emotional intelligence (EI) has gone global, we've watched professionals fail as they try to improve their emotional intelligence because they either don't know where to focus their efforts or they haven't understood how to improve these skills on a practical level. In our work consulting with companies and coaching leaders, we have found that if you're looking to develop particular EI strengths, it helps to consider areas for improvement others have identified along with the goals you want to achieve — and then to actively build habits in those areas rather than simply relying on understanding them conceptually. The first step is to get a sense of how your self-perception (how you see yourself) differs from your reputation (how others see you). This is especially true for the development of EI because we can be blind to how we express and read the emotional components of our interactions. For example, most of us think that we're good listeners, but very often that's really not the case. Without this external reality check, it will be difficult for you to identify the ways that your actions affect your performance. Getting feedback from others can also provide proof of the necessity of shifting our behavior and motivation to do so. To give you the best sense of where the differences lie between your self-perception and reputation, you should use a 360-degree feedback assessment that takes into account the multiple aspects of EI. The key is to find one to give you feedback, which is focused on development and not on performance assessment. And that can give you a detailed understanding of how other people's assessments of you differ from your own assessments. Secondly, when you get your feedback from an assessment, let that inform what you want to improve. But also consider what your goals are. When it comes to cultivating strengths in emotional intelligence, you're at a huge disadvantage if you're only interested because others said you should be. Your emotional intelligence is so tied up in your sense of self that being intrinsically (内在的) motivated to make the effort matters more when changing longstanding habits than it does when simply learning a skill. That means the areas that you choose to actively work on should lie at the intersection of the feedback you've gotten and the areas that are most important to your own aspirations (渴望). Understanding the influences of your current EI habits relative to your goals will keep you going over a long period of time as you do the work of strengthening your emotional intelligence. 43. What do we know from the first paragraph? A. Professionals fail to understand the concepts of EI. B. EI plays a key role in professional development. C. Leaders are badly in need of improving their EI. D. You have to turn to others to know which EI to improve. 44. According to the passage, which of the following is an "external reality check"? A. You got help from your parents when making a key decision. B. Your teacher directed you towards a better attitude in study. C. You reflected yourself and made a New Year Resolution. D. Your career development speeds up with the guidance of others. 45. Which of the following can best summarize the main idea of the 4th paragraph? A. It's most reliable to follow your inner call when you want to improve your EI. B. It's hard for others to know your EI because it hides deeply behind your inner sense. C. When you want to improve EI, you should take your goals into consideration. D. Acquiring a new skill is more significant than your attempt to improve your EI. 46. Which of the following might the author agree with? A. Effective EI development is determined by different factors. B. EI development is unlikely to happen unless you know what EI really is. C. The importance of performance assessment is underestimated. D. Your inner self discourages you from improving your EI. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. The inside story of how a "band of misfits" saved Lego A. But insiders say the road from "kids only" to "adults welcome" was a long, uphill climb. B. AFOLs are also organizing unofficial Lego fan conventions and networking in online user groups. C. Gone are the days when labels on Lego boxes stated that the contents were appropriate only for boys ages 7 to 12. D. Attitudes began to shift in the late 1990s and early 2000s when the once-invulnerable toymaker started to struggle. E. AFOLs were having a dramatic impact on Lego's bottom line years before the company recognized their value. F. "Before the late 1990s, the company didn't think their adult fans had value," says Smith-Meyer, who held a variety of senior posts at Lego from 2000 to 2014. When executives at toymaker Lego first learned that adults were buying large quantities of their interlocking plastic bricks and getting together to build Lego creations of their own, "they thought it was very strange," says Paal Smith-Meyer. 47          "Leadership actually thought 'adults' were taking away from the brand." Thanks to a handful of employees who worked to change attitudes inside the company, Lego is no longer embarrassed by its adult fans. 48          The bygone slogans "Just Imagine... " and "Play On" have been overshadowed by Lego's newest marketing motto: "Adults Welcome" . Even superstar athletes and entertainers like Ed Sheeran, Dwight Howard, and David Beckham boast openly about their affection for Lego building sets. Today Lego is the world's largest and most profitable toymaker. The Lego brick was named "Toy of the Century" in 1999, and in 2014 Time magazine crowned it the "Most Influential Toy of All Time" , ahead of Barbie, G.I. Joe, and the Easy Bake Oven. The enthusiasm and buying power of Adult Fans of Lego — or AFOLs, as they're known in the industry — played a major role in the company's rise to the top. 49          Lego founder Ole Kirk Kristiansen always knew he wanted to market his products exclusively to kids. As the company grew over its first six decades, few imagined that its products could appeal as much to adults as to children. 50          Two decades ago, when Lego began making licensed sets inspired by hit movies like Star Wars and Harry Potter, it was adult fans who snatched up most of the merchandise. Despite the benefits AFOLs brought to the brand, executives at the company's corporate offices in Billund, Denmark had little interest in catering to adult customers. As fan mail and product ideas poured in from AFOLs around the world, the company posted its off-putting position: "We don't accept unsolicited ideas." "Adult fans were often seen as a source of irritation," says Jake McKee, a Lego executive from 2000 to 2006 who oversaw the company's Global Community Development team. III. Summary Writing Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. 51. You still need a better reason to plant a tree? Police aren't cheap and neither are lawyers, judges, and all the other players that make up the justice system. But trees and some grass, in comparison, are a real bargain, and they prove to be effective in fighting crimes. Many cities used to launch programs to plant vegetation along roadways to help absorb rainwater. After tracking 14 types of crime in nearby areas, Michelle Kondo, a social scientist, found that a variety of crimes including property crimes such as theft and burglary, and violent crimes such as armed fights and mayhem in those areas decreased to 27 percent, a stunning 18 percent fall. Kondo believed the appearance of city trucks and vans in the landscaped areas — for planting and maintenance — was enough to scare away potential criminals. Kondo's study also worked on the link between grassland care and decrease in crime in downtown areas. It's tempting to use income as the connection. After all, if you have the time and money to water your lawn, you probably live in a neighborhood that sees less crime. But actually, people are less likely to hang in those areas where the streets are maintained or cleaned. "You will see less kids hanging on the corners," Kondo said. He argued that caution of the local people implied by the organized greenery helped to frighten away ill-intentioned guys, by announcing to would-be criminals that there are "eyes on the street" that care for their neighborhood and would be more likely to report a crime. We already know greenery is beautiful to look at and can help improve mood and health while reducing pollution. Now we can add crime-fighting to the list of vegetation's many benefits. Therefore, are you ready to plant a tree? IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 必须采取有效措施以防止病毒扩散。(prevent) 53. 事实证明，能坚持理想的人往往更容易取得成功。(There) 54. 教师们不遗余力推进素质教育，旨在培养学生的创新精神和实践能力。(effort) 55. 随着时代的进步，许多往日被视为奢侈品的电子产品，已成为大众消费得起的日用品。(that) V. Guided Writing Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 56. 假设你是明启中学高二学生李明，你校学生会计划组织一场学生艺术作品展览，就该展览以线上形式（学校官网开辟专门区域，将学生作品拍摄成不同角度的照片后在该线上区域展出，配以声音解说）还是线下形式（学校图书馆留出专门区域，作品旁搭配文字说明）听取全校师生意见。写一封邮件给学生会相关部门，内容须包括: 1）你的选择； 2）你的理由。 第 1 页 / 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 复旦大学附属中学2024学年第一学期 高二年级英语学科9月第三次阶段性教学质量评估试卷　答案 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A 1. interpreted 2. might / may / will 3. like 4. they 5. While / Although / Though 6. is exposed 7. what 8. whose 9. spending 10. an Section B 11. I 12. H 13. D 14. C 15. B 16. G 17. F 18. E 19. J 20. A II. Reading Comprehension Section A 21. A 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. B Section B 36. A 37. C 38. D 39. B 40. D 41. D 42. A 43. D 44. B 45. C 46. A Section C 47. F 48. C 49. A 50. E III. Summary Writing 51. Crime fighting costs huge public budget but trees are cheap and productive in combating crimes. Kondo found planting vegetation leads to a sharp drop in various crimes due to the presence of vehicles when trees are planted or maintained. Besides, lawn care and crime drop are closely related and Kondo regards cautious residents rather than income as the reason. IV. Translation 52. Effective measures must be taken to prevent the spread of the virus. 53. There is evidence that those who can stick to their ambitions are more likely to succeed. 54. Teachers spare no efforts to promote quality-oriented education, aiming to cultivate students' spirit of innovation and practical ability. 55. With the advancement of the times, many electronic devices that were regarded as luxury possessions have been turned into daily goods the general public can afford. V. Guided Writing 56. Dear Student Council Members, I am writing to express my opinion on the upcoming student art exhibition. I believe it should be held online rather than offline. Firstly, an online exhibition allows for greater accessibility. Students, teachers, and parents can view the art pieces anytime and anywhere with internet access, so more people can appreciate our fellow students' hard work and creativity. Secondly, going digital provides more room for creativity. We can create an interactive experience for viewers, such as adding sound effects or music to the art pieces, which enhances the visual impact and stimulates the viewers' senses. Lastly, an online exhibition is more cost-effective and eco-friendly. We do not need to print flyers or set up physical spaces, which saves resources and reduces waste. Therefore, I strongly suggest that the student art exhibition be held online. I hope my opinion can be taken into consideration. Sincerely, Li Ming 第 1 页 / 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $