精品解析：河南郑州市第四初级中学2026-2027学年九年级上学期第二次课后练习英语试卷

2026-2027九年级上学期第二次课后练习英语试卷 一、听力理解（20小题，每小题1分，共20分） 第一节 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的ABC三个选项中选出最佳答案，每段对话读两遍。 1. How does the boy usually go to school? A. By bike. B. By car. C. On foot. 2. What will the man probably send to Linda? A. A CD. B. A bag. C. A purse. 3. What will they do this evening? A. Walk the dog. B. Take a walk. C. Eat out. 4. When will the boy have his birthday party? A. This Saturday. B. Next Saturday. C. Tomorrow. 5. Where are the two speakers now? A. In a book shop. B. In a clothes store. C. On the playground. 第二节 听下面几段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下两个小题。 6. What did John do last night? A. He played games online. B. He chatted with his brother. C. He argued with his brother. 7. How does Tom feel now? A. He is sad and tired. B. He is relaxed and bored. C. He is tired but happy. 听下面一段对话，回答以下两个小题。 8. What’s the possible relationship between the two speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Husband and wife. C. Strangers. 9. What’s the art show about? A. The history of Zhengzhou. B. The changes of Zhengzhou. C. The future of Zhengzhou. 听下面一段独白，回答以下三个小题。 10. When will the headmaster introduce the history of school? A. At 9:30 a.m. B. At 9:50 a.m. C. At 10:10 a.m. 11. Who will give speeches? A. Some students. B. Some teachers. C. Some parents. 12. Where won’t the parents visit on School Day? A. The school library. B. The music room. C. The sports center. 听下面一段对话，回答以下三个小题。 13. What size does the man take? A. Size10. B. Size11. C. Size12. 14. How much will the man pay for both pairs? A. 192 yuan. B. 216 yuan. C. 240 yuan. 15. How will the man pay for the shoes? A. By cash. B. By Alipay. C. By WeChat. 第三节 本题你将听到一篇短文，请根据短文内容用所听到的单词完成下列各题，每空限填一词或一个数字。短文读两遍。 Information Sheet School Trip Day: Tomorrow Place: the ________ Museum Time and place to meet: ________ in the morning at the gate of the museum Tips: First, listen to the ________ and take notes. Second, taking ________ is not allowed. At last, don’t leave the group by yourself. Lunch: at the ________ called Tasty Food Home at 12:00 二、阅读理解（20小题，每小题2分，共40分） A As we know, China is a great country with a long history. During the time, lots of great heroes appeared and changed the world. Now let’s learn some information about them. Confucius (551 BCE—479 BCE) was a teacher, politician and philosopher (哲学家) in Chinese history. He travelled a lot and formed his thoughts. He thought the elders should be respected by their children. One of his sayings is “Do not do to others what you do not want done to yourself”. His sayings are still popular today. Cai Lun (61/63—121) is considered as the inventor of paper. Papermaking is considered to be one of the Four Great Inventions of Ancient China. The king of the Han Dynasty ordered him to introduce his invention to others. Soon, paper was popular and was loved by many people all over the world. Ying Zheng (259 BCE—210 BCE), known as the first emperor of the Qin Dynasty, was one of the greatest kings and politicians in China. He made China first become a unified country. During the time, he ordered his soldiers to build the wonderful and huge memorial tomb for himself. Mao Zedong (1893—1976) was the main founder of the People’s Republic of China. He is regarded as one of the most important people in modern world history. He is also known as a politician, military strategist (军事战略家) and poet. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1. When did Confucius pass away? A. At the age of 51. B. At the age of 62. C. At the age of 72. D. At the age of 79. 2. What can we learn from Confucius’ words “Do not do to others what you do not want done to yourself”? A. We should respect old people. B. We should be kind to others. C. Kids must listen to parents all the time. D. We should travel around to get new ideas. 3. What was Ying Zheng’s big achievement according to the text? A. He wrote lots of famous poems. B. He invented a new kind of writing paper. C. He built many houses for common people. D. He made China become a unified country for the first time. 4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Confucius thought the young should be respected by the old. B. Cai Lun was an inventor who lived in the Tang Dynasty. C. Ying Zheng founded the Qin Dynasty in 259 BCE. D. Mao Zedong was a poet and military strategist. 5. Where is the text most probably from? A. A travel guide. B. A news website. C. A history book. D. A fashion magazine. B Isaac Newton was a quiet boy. Having lost his father before he was born, he grew up with his grandmother. At 18, soon after he finished schooling, Newton would spend his time making small tools. His head teacher saw the genius in him and asked his mother to send him to the university. Newton set out for Cambridge in June, 1661. Newton was always trying to understand and explain a lot of things in nature. To test a question about colours, he would stare at the sun with one eye until all the colours changed. As a result, he had to stay in the dark for some time before his eye returned to normal. Newton was the first to show us that white light is made up of colours mixed together. He was also the first person to understand the rainbow and explain how it forms. A story goes like this: One day, an apple fell on Newton’s head, and it was then that Newton realized that the apple fell towards Earth and didn’t go anywhere else. He thought to himself, “How did this happen?” After doing some experiments, he later knew all objects always fall towards Earth’s centre because Earth attracts them. He realized that every object in the universe attracts every other object towards it. Then Newton discovered the law of universal gravitation (引力). Newton was an English physicist, mathematician and astronomer. Because of the significant work Newton has done, he is widely considered as one of the greatest scientists of all time. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 6. What can we learn about Newton from Paragraph 1? A. He made some small tools. B. He never studied in a university. C. He didn’t like doing farm work. D. He lost his mother at a young age. 7. Which words can best describe Newton when he was testing a question about colours? A. Careful and lucky. B. Skilful and smart. C. Relaxed and excited. D. Hard-working and patient. 8. What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us? A. When an apple fell on Newton’s head. B. How one object attracts another object. C. Why Newton was famous among people. D. How Newton made the important discovery. 9. What can you learn from Newton’s experiences? A. Use it or lose it. B. No pain, no gain. C. Many hands make light work. D. Roses given, fragrance in hand. 10. What’s the best title for the text? A. The Story of Isaac Newton B. How the Apple Fell Down C. Experiments About Colours D. The Law of Universal Gravitation C ① Recently, the “big water theory” has gone viral (走红) online. “Big water” is a popular term among young people for drinking plenty of plain water, usually with oversized water bottles. Some online bloggers advise adults to drink 1.5 to 2 liters of water daily. As a result, huge water bottles are selling fast. ② The Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention (上海市疾病预防控制中心) points out that drinking enough water brings benefits, but people must not overdo it. Too much water may cause water intoxication (中毒), which can be fatal (致命的) in serious situations. ③ Doctors from Ruijin Hospital warn that drinking a large amount of water within a short period can lead to this problem. Its early signs include nausea (恶心), headaches, tiredness and poor concentration. These symptoms will influence our daily life and work. If it gets worse, it will become life-threatening. ④ Many people follow the old rule of “eight glasses of water a day”. However, researchers have proved that this rule is not scientific. There is no one-size-fits-all standard. Our water needs change with our weight, sex and activity levels. ⑤ China’s Dietary Guidelines (2022) suggest that for less active adults in mild weather (不冷不热的天气), men should take in about 1,700 ml water every day and women around 1,500 ml. It also recommends about 200 ml each time. ⑥ Experts also offer tips: do not wait until you are extremely thirsty to drink down plenty of water at once. We should drink water regularly during the day. After heavy sweating, we need to replenish water and electrolytes (电解质). Sports drinks or lightly salted water are good choices. 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容选择最佳答案。 11. What does the underlined phrase “this problem” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. Selling huge water bottles quickly. B. Water intoxication. C. Poor concentration. D. Drinking water regularly. 12. According to China’s Dietary Guidelines (2022), how much water should a less active woman take in every day in mild weather? A. About 1,500 ml. B. About 1,700 ml. C. About 200 ml. D. About 2 liters. 13. What does the underlined word “replenish” in Paragraph 6 mean? A. take away B. make up for C. pour out D. give up 14. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? A. ① / ②③ / ④⑤ / ⑥ B. ①② / ③④ / ⑤⑥ C. ① / ②③④ / ⑤ / ⑥ D. ①②③ / ④ / ⑤⑥ 15. What is the main idea of the text? A. The “big water theory” becomes popular and big water bottles sell well online. B. Experts warn us against overdrinking and ask us to drink as little water as possible. C. Experts give advice on scientific water drinking and remind us not to overdrink. D. The rule “eight glasses of water a day” is useful for most young people. D In the past few decades, China has been developing at a breathtaking speed, and its changes have surprised the world. ____16____ The most noticeable change is in China’s technology. Mobile payment is everywhere. ____17____ High-speed trains are great too. They run fast and on time, helping people travel far in a short time. ____18____ More people live in big, nice apartments. The education system has also made great progress, with a large number of students getting high-quality education. The healthcare system is also better, keeping people healthy. Big cities like Shanghai and Shenzhen have many tall buildings and busy business streets. In the field of international influence, China is playing an increasingly important role. It works with other countries through projects like the Belt and Road Initiative (“一带一路”倡议). ____19____ Chinese art, like Peking Opera, is also loved by more people around the world. In a word, the changes in China are important for its own people. ____20____ We strongly believe that China’s development story will continue to surprise the world with its continuous progress. 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 A. Besides, they have a far-reaching influence on the whole world. B. People use phones to pay for food, clothes and other things easily. C. The improvement in people’s living conditions is also seen in general. D. Chinese culture, including traditional festivals, is getting more popular globally. E. Foreigners who have visited or lived in China have seen these great changes firsthand. 三、完形填空（15小题，每小题1分，共15分） 先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。 The other day, I suddenly found much smoke and fire around my house in Los Angeles. Immediately, I drove my car to leave. However, I was almost ____21____ in the thick smoke. Because I could hardly see anything, my car ____22____ a huge rock and I got stuck—I was unable to move any further. I called 911 but the line was busy. Many people were ____23____ for help. Staying inside the car, I fell into a state of ____24____. To make matters worse, my husband James and I had gotten ____25____. He had already arrived at the Pacific Coast Highway, but I was trying to reach it. “I am going to die,” I thought. As I prayed to stay alive, I sent James a text, regarding it as my ____26____ one. “I love you. I’m in big trouble. I’m stuck. My car won’t move and…” At the same time, my husband was looking for ____27____ from firemen. After being refused by a few who said it was far too dangerous, ____28____ he came across a firefighter who’d like to give a hand. “Please save my wife,” James said. The firefighter replied, “Let’s go. We might not make it ____29____ we’ll try.” I saw a fire truck coming through the black ____30____ and fire. It was my husband and the firefighter. Thanks to them, I got down the hill and ____31____ the fire. The firefighter risked his life to save mine. I felt he needed a ____32____ from me. And this ____33____ man was worthy of the honor. After much effort, I finally got his ____34____ and his name—Malcolm Dicks. I called him and ____35____ him a lot but a hug would have to wait as Malcolm was still busy working in the fire area. 21. A. blind B. deaf C. poor D. weak 22. A. ran out B. ran into C. ran after D. ran through 23. A. standing B. working C. waiting D. caring 24. A. anger B. peace C. regret D. fear 25. A. separated B. stopped C. protected D. killed 26. A. funny B. real C. final D. safe 27. A. advice B. attention C. help D. service 28. A. easily B. luckily C. early D. slowly 29. A. so B. or C. but D. if 30. A. forest B. cloud C. crowd D. smoke 31. A. escaped B. started C. controlled D. fought 32. A. hug B. prize C. surprise D. letter 33. A. strong B. brave C. smart D. patient 34. A. number B. address C. email D. website 35. A. comforted B. told C. promised D. thanked 四、语篇填空（15小题，每小题1分，共15分） 第一节 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 much, different, among, reduce, believe, add, comfortable, health, as, increase While there is no medicine or special diet that can completely fight against memory loss, neurologists (神经科学家) encourage people to do some exercise. It is ____36____ that exercise is good for both our body and brain. ____37____ all the ways to improve memory, aerobic (有氧的) exercise works very well. Walking, running, cycling, or swimming for a total of two and a half hours a week can have a great influence on brain ____38____. When exercising, pay attention to your speed so that you don’t sweat too much and can still hold a conversation ____39____. Aerobic exercise ____40____ blood flow to the brain, which helps deliver oxygen and nutrients. This can improve memory and other thinking skills. In addition, exercise reduces stress, improves sleep quality, and helps ____41____ the risk of diseases like high blood pressure and diabetes (糖尿病), which are linked to memory loss. ____42____ than six percent of people around the world have a mild form of cognitive impairment (认知障碍), which affects their memory and thinking. ____43____ people get older, this rate increases quickly, reaching around thirty-seven percent in people over eighty-five years old. Therefore, ____44____ exercise to daily life can help keep your brain healthy as you age. It is never too late to start, and even small changes, like taking short walks every day, can make a ____45____ to your memory and thinking ability in the long run. 第二节 阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。 October 22nd, 2026 marks the 90th anniversary (周年纪念日) of the great Red Army meeting that ended the Long March successfully. On October 22nd, 1936, after years of great difficulties, the Second Front Army got to Jiangtaibao and met the First Front Army. Together with the earlier meeting at Huining, this final meeting brought the three main groups of the Red Army together. ____46____ marked the successful end of the Long March. Ninety years later, we still remember that day. The Long March was not just a trip over mountains and rivers. It was a hard journey with hunger, cold, sickness, wars and losses. Many soldiers ____47____ started the trip never made it to the end. But those who kept moving had something stronger than fear — faith. It was brave ____48____ those soldiers to carry on with the journey. They held fast to their dreams. They believed there ____49____ a way forward, even when they could not see it. They believed the hard work of one generation could bring hope for the next. Today, we do not need to cross high snow mountains or dangerous grasslands. ____50____, every generation still has its own hard road to travel. 五、补全对话（5小题，每小题2分，共10分） 根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。 A: Hi, Sam! ____________________51____________________? B: Not bad, but a little tired. A: ____________________52____________________? B: These days, I’ve been preparing for the big exam in June. I often stay up late to study at night. A: No wonder you’re so good at your schoolwork. But I’m a little poor at English. ____________________53____________________? B: Sure. I think practice makes perfect. ____________________54____________________? A: Good idea! I think all efforts will finally pay off. B: Of course. We should study hard and go all out for the big exam in June. A: You’re right. ____________________55____________________. B: Thank you. The same to you! 六．书面表达（20分） 56. 英语角举办以学习方法为主题的征文比赛，请你以A Test That Changed My Idea of Learning为题写一篇短文。 写作提示：1．从前我的学习方法不好；2．一次考试失利后，我开始反思，找到适合自己的学习方法；3．我取得很大进步，并懂得了一些道理。 写作要求：1．文中须包含以上写作提示中的所有信息，可适当发挥；2．文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称；3．词数100左右。 A Test That Changed My Idea of Learning _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027九年级上学期第二次课后练习英语试卷 一、听力理解（20小题，每小题1分，共20分） 第一节 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的ABC三个选项中选出最佳答案，每段对话读两遍。 1. How does the boy usually go to school? A. By bike. B. By car. C. On foot. 2. What will the man probably send to Linda? A. A CD. B. A bag. C. A purse. 3. What will they do this evening? A. Walk the dog. B. Take a walk. C. Eat out. 4. When will the boy have his birthday party? A. This Saturday. B. Next Saturday. C. Tomorrow. 5. Where are the two speakers now? A. In a book shop. B. In a clothes store. C. On the playground. 第二节 听下面几段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下两个小题。 6. What did John do last night? A. He played games online. B. He chatted with his brother. C. He argued with his brother. 7. How does Tom feel now? A. He is sad and tired. B. He is relaxed and bored. C. He is tired but happy. 听下面一段对话，回答以下两个小题。 8. What’s the possible relationship between the two speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Husband and wife. C. Strangers. 9. What’s the art show about? A. The history of Zhengzhou. B. The changes of Zhengzhou. C. The future of Zhengzhou. 听下面一段独白，回答以下三个小题。 10. When will the headmaster introduce the history of school? A. At 9:30 a.m. B. At 9:50 a.m. C. At 10:10 a.m. 11. Who will give speeches? A. Some students. B. Some teachers. C. Some parents. 12. Where won’t the parents visit on School Day? A. The school library. B. The music room. C. The sports center. 听下面一段对话，回答以下三个小题。 13. What size does the man take? A. Size10. B. Size11. C. Size12. 14. How much will the man pay for both pairs? A. 192 yuan. B. 216 yuan. C. 240 yuan. 15. How will the man pay for the shoes? A. By cash. B. By Alipay. C. By WeChat. 第三节 本题你将听到一篇短文，请根据短文内容用所听到的单词完成下列各题，每空限填一词或一个数字。短文读两遍。 Information Sheet School Trip Day: Tomorrow Place: the ________ Museum Time and place to meet: ________ in the morning at the gate of the museum Tips: First, listen to the ________ and take notes. Second, taking ________ is not allowed. At last, don’t leave the group by yourself. Lunch: at the ________ called Tasty Food Home at 12:00 二、阅读理解（20小题，每小题2分，共40分） A As we know, China is a great country with a long history. During the time, lots of great heroes appeared and changed the world. Now let’s learn some information about them. Confucius (551 BCE—479 BCE) was a teacher, politician and philosopher (哲学家) in Chinese history. He travelled a lot and formed his thoughts. He thought the elders should be respected by their children. One of his sayings is “Do not do to others what you do not want done to yourself”. His sayings are still popular today. Cai Lun (61/63—121) is considered as the inventor of paper. Papermaking is considered to be one of the Four Great Inventions of Ancient China. The king of the Han Dynasty ordered him to introduce his invention to others. Soon, paper was popular and was loved by many people all over the world. Ying Zheng (259 BCE—210 BCE), known as the first emperor of the Qin Dynasty, was one of the greatest kings and politicians in China. He made China first become a unified country. During the time, he ordered his soldiers to build the wonderful and huge memorial tomb for himself. Mao Zedong (1893—1976) was the main founder of the People’s Republic of China. He is regarded as one of the most important people in modern world history. He is also known as a politician, military strategist (军事战略家) and poet. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1. When did Confucius pass away? A. At the age of 51. B. At the age of 62. C. At the age of 72. D. At the age of 79. 2. What can we learn from Confucius’ words “Do not do to others what you do not want done to yourself”? A. We should respect old people. B. We should be kind to others. C. Kids must listen to parents all the time. D. We should travel around to get new ideas. 3. What was Ying Zheng’s big achievement according to the text? A. He wrote lots of famous poems. B. He invented a new kind of writing paper. C. He built many houses for common people. D. He made China become a unified country for the first time. 4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Confucius thought the young should be respected by the old. B. Cai Lun was an inventor who lived in the Tang Dynasty. C. Ying Zheng founded the Qin Dynasty in 259 BCE. D. Mao Zedong was a poet and military strategist. 5. Where is the text most probably from? A. A travel guide. B. A news website. C. A history book. D. A fashion magazine. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 4. D 5. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了孔子、蔡伦、嬴政和毛泽东四位中国历史人物的生平、身份及主要贡献。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。文章介绍Confucius的部分“Confucius (551 BCE—479 BCE)”，孔子生于公元前551年，卒于公元前479年，计算得知享年72岁。 【2题详解】 词句猜测题。文章介绍Confucius的部分“One of his sayings is 'Do not do to others what you do not want done to yourself'”，这句话意为“己所不欲，勿施于人”，意味着我们要善待他人。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。文章介绍Ying Zheng的部分“He made China first become a unified country.”，说明嬴政的巨大成就是使中国首次成为一个统一的国家。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。文章介绍Mao Zedong的部分“He is also known as a politician, military strategist and poet.”说明毛泽东被称为政治家、军事战略家和诗人。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。文章整体内容介绍四位历史人物的生卒年份及历史贡献，文章内容属于历史人物介绍，说明最有可能出现在历史书上。 B Isaac Newton was a quiet boy. Having lost his father before he was born, he grew up with his grandmother. At 18, soon after he finished schooling, Newton would spend his time making small tools. His head teacher saw the genius in him and asked his mother to send him to the university. Newton set out for Cambridge in June, 1661. Newton was always trying to understand and explain a lot of things in nature. To test a question about colours, he would stare at the sun with one eye until all the colours changed. As a result, he had to stay in the dark for some time before his eye returned to normal. Newton was the first to show us that white light is made up of colours mixed together. He was also the first person to understand the rainbow and explain how it forms. A story goes like this: One day, an apple fell on Newton’s head, and it was then that Newton realized that the apple fell towards Earth and didn’t go anywhere else. He thought to himself, “How did this happen?” After doing some experiments, he later knew all objects always fall towards Earth’s centre because Earth attracts them. He realized that every object in the universe attracts every other object towards it. Then Newton discovered the law of universal gravitation (引力). Newton was an English physicist, mathematician and astronomer. Because of the significant work Newton has done, he is widely considered as one of the greatest scientists of all time. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 6. What can we learn about Newton from Paragraph 1? A. He made some small tools. B. He never studied in a university. C. He didn’t like doing farm work. D. He lost his mother at a young age. 7. Which words can best describe Newton when he was testing a question about colours? A. Careful and lucky. B. Skilful and smart. C. Relaxed and excited. D. Hard-working and patient. 8. What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us? A. When an apple fell on Newton’s head. B. How one object attracts another object. C. Why Newton was famous among people. D. How Newton made the important discovery. 9. What can you learn from Newton’s experiences? A. Use it or lose it. B. No pain, no gain. C. Many hands make light work. D. Roses given, fragrance in hand. 10. What’s the best title for the text? A. The Story of Isaac Newton B. How the Apple Fell Down C. Experiments About Colours D. The Law of Universal Gravitation 【答案】6. A 7. D 8. D 9. B 10. A 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了英国科学家艾萨克·牛顿的早年成长经历、在光学领域的探索研究、发现万有引力定律的过程，以及他在科学史上的重要地位。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Newton would spend his time making small tools.”可知，牛顿会花时间制作小工具，即他制作过一些小工具。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“To test a question about colours, he would stare at the sun with one eye until all the colours changed. As a result, he had to stay in the dark for some time before his eye returned to normal.”可知，牛顿为了科学研究甘愿投入精力、承受不适，十分努力且有耐心。 【8题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“After doing some experiments, he later knew all objects always fall towards Earth’s centre because Earth attracts them ... Then Newton discovered the law of universal gravitation.”可知，本段围绕牛顿发现万有引力的过程展开，核心是介绍牛顿这项重要发现的诞生过程。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“To test a question about colours, he would stare at the sun with one eye until all the colours changed.”和第三段中“After doing some experiments, he later knew all objects always fall towards Earth’s centre because Earth attracts them ... Then Newton discovered the law of universal gravitation.”可知，牛顿为探索科学付出了诸多艰辛的努力，最终取得了影响深远的科研成就，他的经历体现了“没有付出就没有收获 (No pain, no gain.)”的道理。 【10题详解】 最佳标题题。全文围绕牛顿的生平经历、科研探索与成就展开，因此“The Story of Isaac Newton”最能概括全文内容，最适合作文章标题。 C ① Recently, the “big water theory” has gone viral (走红) online. “Big water” is a popular term among young people for drinking plenty of plain water, usually with oversized water bottles. Some online bloggers advise adults to drink 1.5 to 2 liters of water daily. As a result, huge water bottles are selling fast. ② The Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention (上海市疾病预防控制中心) points out that drinking enough water brings benefits, but people must not overdo it. Too much water may cause water intoxication (中毒), which can be fatal (致命的) in serious situations. ③ Doctors from Ruijin Hospital warn that drinking a large amount of water within a short period can lead to this problem. Its early signs include nausea (恶心), headaches, tiredness and poor concentration. These symptoms will influence our daily life and work. If it gets worse, it will become life-threatening. ④ Many people follow the old rule of “eight glasses of water a day”. However, researchers have proved that this rule is not scientific. There is no one-size-fits-all standard. Our water needs change with our weight, sex and activity levels. ⑤ China’s Dietary Guidelines (2022) suggest that for less active adults in mild weather (不冷不热的天气), men should take in about 1,700 ml water every day and women around 1,500 ml. It also recommends about 200 ml each time. ⑥ Experts also offer tips: do not wait until you are extremely thirsty to drink down plenty of water at once. We should drink water regularly during the day. After heavy sweating, we need to replenish water and electrolytes (电解质). Sports drinks or lightly salted water are good choices. 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容选择最佳答案。 11. What does the underlined phrase “this problem” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. Selling huge water bottles quickly. B. Water intoxication. C. Poor concentration. D. Drinking water regularly. 12. According to China’s Dietary Guidelines (2022), how much water should a less active woman take in every day in mild weather? A. About 1,500 ml. B. About 1,700 ml. C. About 200 ml. D. About 2 liters. 13. What does the underlined word “replenish” in Paragraph 6 mean? A. take away B. make up for C. pour out D. give up 14. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? A. ① / ②③ / ④⑤ / ⑥ B. ①② / ③④ / ⑤⑥ C. ① / ②③④ / ⑤ / ⑥ D. ①②③ / ④ / ⑤⑥ 15. What is the main idea of the text? A. The “big water theory” becomes popular and big water bottles sell well online. B. Experts warn us against overdrinking and ask us to drink as little water as possible. C. Experts give advice on scientific water drinking and remind us not to overdrink. D. The rule “eight glasses of water a day” is useful for most young people. 【答案】11. B 12. A 13. B 14. A 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了网络上流行的“大水理论”潮流，指出过量饮水可能导致水中毒，引用指南说明科学饮水标准，并提供专家建议。 【11题详解】 词句猜测题。第2段“Too much water may cause water intoxication”和第3段“drinking a large amount of water within a short period can lead to this problem”可推知，this problem指代前文提到的水中毒现象。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。第5段“China’s Dietary Guidelines (2022) suggest that for less active adults in mild weather (不冷不热的天气), men should take in about 1,700 ml water every day and women around 1,500 ml.”可推知，轻度活动女性在温和天气下每天建议摄入约1500毫升水。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。第六段“After heavy sweating, we need to replenish water and electrolytes (电解质). Sports drinks or lightly salted water are good choices.”说明大量出汗后，我们需要补充水分和电解质，make up for意为“补充”，和replenish含义一致。 【14题详解】 篇章结构题。梳理全文段落逻辑，第一段引出“大水理论”走红的背景；第二、三段介绍过量饮水的危害；第四、五段纠正旧观念，引用膳食指南给出标准饮水量；第六段给出科学饮水的相关提示，对应结构为①/②③/④⑤/⑥。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，文章先引出“大水理论”，再提醒不要过度饮水，最后给出科学饮水建议。 D In the past few decades, China has been developing at a breathtaking speed, and its changes have surprised the world. ____16____ The most noticeable change is in China’s technology. Mobile payment is everywhere. ____17____ High-speed trains are great too. They run fast and on time, helping people travel far in a short time. ____18____ More people live in big, nice apartments. The education system has also made great progress, with a large number of students getting high-quality education. The healthcare system is also better, keeping people healthy. Big cities like Shanghai and Shenzhen have many tall buildings and busy business streets. In the field of international influence, China is playing an increasingly important role. It works with other countries through projects like the Belt and Road Initiative (“一带一路”倡议). ____19____ Chinese art, like Peking Opera, is also loved by more people around the world. In a word, the changes in China are important for its own people. ____20____ We strongly believe that China’s development story will continue to surprise the world with its continuous progress. 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 A. Besides, they have a far-reaching influence on the whole world. B. People use phones to pay for food, clothes and other things easily. C. The improvement in people’s living conditions is also seen in general. D. Chinese culture, including traditional festivals, is getting more popular globally. E. Foreigners who have visited or lived in China have seen these great changes firsthand. 【答案】16. E 17. B 18. C 19. D 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国几十年里的飞速发展与巨大变化，从科技、民生、国际影响力、文化等方面展开阐述。 【16题详解】 空前总述中国发展迅速、变化震撼世界。选项E“Foreigners who have visited or lived in China have seen these great changes firsthand.”承接总起句，说明外国人亲眼见证这些巨变，开启下文分述变化，衔接自然。 【17题详解】 空前“Mobile payment is everywhere.”提到移动支付随处可见。选项B“People use phones to pay for food, clothes and other things easily.”是对移动支付的具体举例说明，和上文mobile payment呼应。 【18题详解】 空后讲住房、教育、医疗这些民生条件改善。选项C“The improvement in people’s living conditions is also seen in general.”为本段总起句，引出民生方面的变化。 【19题详解】 空后“Chinese art, like Peking Opera, is also loved by more people around the world.”讲中国艺术在世界受欢迎。选项D“Chinese culture, including traditional festivals, is getting more popular globally.”话题为中国文化走向世界，和后文中国艺术内容属于同一主题，衔接通顺。 【20题详解】 空前“In a word, the changes in China are important for its own people.”说明这些变化对本国人民意义重大。选项A“Besides, they have a far-reaching influence on the whole world.”中的Besides表示递进，补充说明变化同时对全世界影响深远，和后文展望中国发展呼应。 三、完形填空（15小题，每小题1分，共15分） 先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。 The other day, I suddenly found much smoke and fire around my house in Los Angeles. Immediately, I drove my car to leave. However, I was almost ____21____ in the thick smoke. Because I could hardly see anything, my car ____22____ a huge rock and I got stuck—I was unable to move any further. I called 911 but the line was busy. Many people were ____23____ for help. Staying inside the car, I fell into a state of ____24____. To make matters worse, my husband James and I had gotten ____25____. He had already arrived at the Pacific Coast Highway, but I was trying to reach it. “I am going to die,” I thought. As I prayed to stay alive, I sent James a text, regarding it as my ____26____ one. “I love you. I’m in big trouble. I’m stuck. My car won’t move and…” At the same time, my husband was looking for ____27____ from firemen. After being refused by a few who said it was far too dangerous, ____28____ he came across a firefighter who’d like to give a hand. “Please save my wife,” James said. The firefighter replied, “Let’s go. We might not make it ____29____ we’ll try.” I saw a fire truck coming through the black ____30____ and fire. It was my husband and the firefighter. Thanks to them, I got down the hill and ____31____ the fire. The firefighter risked his life to save mine. I felt he needed a ____32____ from me. And this ____33____ man was worthy of the honor. After much effort, I finally got his ____34____ and his name—Malcolm Dicks. I called him and ____35____ him a lot but a hug would have to wait as Malcolm was still busy working in the fire area. 21. A. blind B. deaf C. poor D. weak 22. A. ran out B. ran into C. ran after D. ran through 23. A. standing B. working C. waiting D. caring 24. A. anger B. peace C. regret D. fear 25. A. separated B. stopped C. protected D. killed 26. A. funny B. real C. final D. safe 27. A. advice B. attention C. help D. service 28. A. easily B. luckily C. early D. slowly 29. A. so B. or C. but D. if 30. A. forest B. cloud C. crowd D. smoke 31. A. escaped B. started C. controlled D. fought 32. A. hug B. prize C. surprise D. letter 33. A. strong B. brave C. smart D. patient 34. A. number B. address C. email D. website 35. A. comforted B. told C. promised D. thanked 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述作者在洛杉矶遭遇火灾被困，丈夫求助消防员，最终一名勇敢消防员冒险救出作者，作者事后表达感激的故事。 【21题详解】 句意：然而，我几乎在浓烟中失明。 根据后文Because I could hardly see anything“因为我几乎什么都看不见”，说明浓烟让人几乎“失明”，blind“失明的”符合题意。deaf“聋的”、poor“可怜的/贫穷的”、weak“虚弱的”，均不符合。 【22题详解】 句意：因为我几乎什么都看不见，我的车撞上了一块巨石，我被卡住了。 根据前文Because I could hardly see anything“因为我几乎什么都看不见”，以及a huge rock“一块巨石”，说明车“撞上”了巨石，ran into“撞上”符合题意。ran out“用完”、ran after“追赶”、ran through“穿过”，均不符合。 【23题详解】 句意：许多人正在等待救援。 根据前文I called 911 but the line was busy“我打了911但线路忙”，以及for help“寻求帮助”，说明许多人正在“等待”救援，waiting“等待”符合题意。standing“站立”、working“工作”、caring“关心”，均不符合。 【24题详解】 句意：待在车里，我陷入了恐惧的状态。 根据前文I was almost blind in the thick smoke“我几乎在浓烟中失明”，以及I was unable to move any further“我无法再移动”，说明作者陷入了“恐惧”状态，fear“恐惧”符合题意。anger“愤怒”、peace“平静”、regret“后悔”，均不符合。 【25题详解】 句意：更糟的是，我和丈夫詹姆斯走散了。 根据后文He had already arrived at the Pacific Coast Highway, but I was trying to reach it“他已经到达了太平洋海岸公路，而我还在努力到达那里”，说明两人“走散”了，separated“分离/走散”符合题意。stopped“停止”、protected“保护”、killed“杀死”，均不符合。 【26题详解】 句意：我祈祷能活下去，给詹姆斯发了一条短信，把它当作我最后的留言。 根据前文I am going to die“我要死了”，以及I sent James a text“我给詹姆斯发了一条短信”，说明作者把它当作“最后的”留言，final“最后的”符合题意。funny“有趣的”、real“真实的”、safe“安全的”，均不符合。 【27题详解】 句意：与此同时，我的丈夫正在向消防员寻求帮助。 根据后文Please save my wife“请救救我的妻子”，以及a firefighter who'd like to give a hand“一位愿意伸出援手的消防员”，说明丈夫在寻求“帮助”，help“帮助”符合题意。advice“建议”、attention“注意”、service“服务”，均不符合。 【28题详解】 句意：在被几个说太危险的人拒绝后，幸运的是他遇到了一位愿意伸出援手的消防员。 根据前文After being refused by a few who said it was far too dangerous“在被几个说太危险的人拒绝后”，以及he came across a firefighter who'd like to give a hand“他遇到了一位愿意伸出援手的消防员”，说明是“幸运地”遇到了，luckily“幸运地”符合题意。easily“容易地”、early“早地”、slowly“缓慢地”，均不符合。 【29题详解】 句意：消防员回答说：“我们走吧。我们可能成功不了，但我们会试一试。” 前文说We might not make it“我们可能成功不了”，后文说we’ll try“我们会试一试”，前后是转折关系，but“但是”符合题意。so“所以”、or“或者”、if“如果”，均不符合。 【30题详解】 句意：我看到一辆消防车穿过黑烟和火焰。 根据前文I saw a fire truck coming through the black“我看到一辆消防车穿过黑色的”，以及and fire“和火焰”，说明是穿过“烟”，smoke“烟”符合题意。forest“森林”、cloud“云”、crowd“人群”，均不符合。 【31题详解】 句意：多亏了他们，我下了山，逃离了火灾。 根据前文I got down the hill“我下了山”，以及the fire“火灾”，说明是“逃离”了火灾，escaped“逃离”符合题意。started“开始”、controlled“控制”、fought“战斗”，均不符合。 【32题详解】 句意：消防员冒着生命危险救了我。我觉得他需要我给他一个拥抱。 根据后文a hug would have to wait“拥抱只能等一等”，说明作者觉得需要给他一个“拥抱”，hug“拥抱”符合题意。prize“奖品”、surprise“惊喜”、letter“信”，均不符合。 【33题详解】 句意：这位勇敢的人值得这份荣誉。 根据前文The firefighter risked his life to save mine“消防员冒着生命危险救了我”，说明他是一位“勇敢的”人，brave“勇敢的”符合题意。strong“强壮的”、smart“聪明的”、patient“耐心的”，均不符合。 【34题详解】 句意：经过很多努力，我终于得到了他的电话号码和名字——马尔科姆·迪克斯。 根据后文I called him“我打电话给他”，说明作者得到了他的“电话号码”，number“号码”符合题意。address“地址”、email“电子邮件”、website“网站”，均不符合。 【35题详解】 句意：我打电话给他，非常感谢他，但拥抱只能等一等，因为马尔科姆仍在火灾区域忙碌工作。 根据前文I called him“我打电话给他”，以及him a lot“他很多”，说明是“感谢”他，thanked“感谢”符合题意。comforted“安慰”、told“告诉”、promised“承诺”，均不符合。 四、语篇填空（15小题，每小题1分，共15分） 第一节 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 much, different, among, reduce, believe, add, comfortable, health, as, increase While there is no medicine or special diet that can completely fight against memory loss, neurologists (神经科学家) encourage people to do some exercise. It is ____36____ that exercise is good for both our body and brain. ____37____ all the ways to improve memory, aerobic (有氧的) exercise works very well. Walking, running, cycling, or swimming for a total of two and a half hours a week can have a great influence on brain ____38____. When exercising, pay attention to your speed so that you don’t sweat too much and can still hold a conversation ____39____. Aerobic exercise ____40____ blood flow to the brain, which helps deliver oxygen and nutrients. This can improve memory and other thinking skills. In addition, exercise reduces stress, improves sleep quality, and helps ____41____ the risk of diseases like high blood pressure and diabetes (糖尿病), which are linked to memory loss. ____42____ than six percent of people around the world have a mild form of cognitive impairment (认知障碍), which affects their memory and thinking. ____43____ people get older, this rate increases quickly, reaching around thirty-seven percent in people over eighty-five years old. Therefore, ____44____ exercise to daily life can help keep your brain healthy as you age. It is never too late to start, and even small changes, like taking short walks every day, can make a ____45____ to your memory and thinking ability in the long run. 【答案】36. believed 37. Among 38. health 39. comfortably 40. increases 41. reduce 42. More 43. As 44. adding 45. difference 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了运动对大脑健康和记忆力的益处，建议人们通过有氧运动来改善记忆并降低患病风险。 【36题详解】 句意：人们相信运动对我们的身体和大脑都有好处。It is believed that...是固定句型，意为“人们相信……”，此处需用believe的过去分词形式构成被动语态。 【37题详解】 句意：在所有改善记忆力的方法中，有氧运动效果很好。后面是all the ways，表示在多个事物之中，among用于三者及以上之间。 【38题详解】 句意：每周总共两个半小时的步行、跑步、骑自行车或游泳能对大脑健康产生很大影响。分析句子结构可知，需填名词作宾语，brain health意为“大脑健康”，应填health，为不可数名词。 【39题详解】 句意：运动时要注意速度，这样你就不会出汗太多，并且仍然能舒适地交谈。此处修饰动词短语hold a conversation，表达舒服地交谈，需用comfortable的副词形式comfortably。 【40题详解】 句意：有氧运动增加流向大脑的血液，这有助于输送氧气和营养。后文说有助于输送氧气营养，说明有氧运动可以增加脑部血流量。主语Aerobic exercise是单数，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，谓语动词用三单形式，increase“增加”变为increases。 【41题详解】 句意：此外，运动还能减轻压力，改善睡眠质量，并帮助降低患高血压和糖尿病等疾病的风险。搭配the risk（风险），选用reduce表示降低风险。help (to) do sth.，后面接省略to的不定式，因此用reduce。 【42题详解】 句意：世界上超过百分之六的人患有轻度认知障碍，这会影响他们的记忆和思维。than前需用比较级，much的比较级是more，构成固定短语More than意为“超过”，位于句首需大写。 【43题详解】 句意：随着人们变老，这个比例迅速增加，在85岁以上的人群中达到约 37%。表达伴随关系，随着年龄增长，患病率升高，用As引导时间状语从句，位于句首需大写。 【44题详解】 句意：因此，在日常生活中增加运动有助于随着衰老保持大脑健康。此处表达将运动添加到日常当中，add…to…为固定搭配。此处作句子主语，动词需要变为动名词形式，因此用adding。 【45题详解】 句意：什么时候开始都不算晚，即便是小小的改变，比如每天短途散步，长久来看，也会对你的记忆和思考能力产生影响。make a difference是固定短语，意为“有影响/起作用”，需用different的名词形式difference。 第二节 阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。 October 22nd, 2026 marks the 90th anniversary (周年纪念日) of the great Red Army meeting that ended the Long March successfully. On October 22nd, 1936, after years of great difficulties, the Second Front Army got to Jiangtaibao and met the First Front Army. Together with the earlier meeting at Huining, this final meeting brought the three main groups of the Red Army together. ____46____ marked the successful end of the Long March. Ninety years later, we still remember that day. The Long March was not just a trip over mountains and rivers. It was a hard journey with hunger, cold, sickness, wars and losses. Many soldiers ____47____ started the trip never made it to the end. But those who kept moving had something stronger than fear — faith. It was brave ____48____ those soldiers to carry on with the journey. They held fast to their dreams. They believed there ____49____ a way forward, even when they could not see it. They believed the hard work of one generation could bring hope for the next. Today, we do not need to cross high snow mountains or dangerous grasslands. ____50____, every generation still has its own hard road to travel. 【答案】46. This 47. who 48. of 49. was 50. However 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述长征会师的历史事件，纪念红军长征胜利，赞颂红军战士不畏艰难、坚守信念的伟大精神，点明虽然时代变化，但每一代人都仍有属于自己的艰难征程要去奋斗。 【46题详解】 句意：这次会师标志着长征的胜利结束。根据前文“this final meeting brought the three main groups of the Red Army together”，上文提到了这次红军三大主力的会师，本句主语指代这件会师事件，因此用This。 【47题详解】 句意：许多开启这段征程的战士没能走到终点。先行词soldiers指人，后面的句子用来修饰soldiers，该词在定语从句中充当主语，因此用who。 【48题详解】 句意：这些战士非常勇敢，坚持走完了这段征程。句子使用it作形式主语的结构，brave是形容人品质的形容词，用来引出动作逻辑主语，因此用of。 【49题详解】 句意：他们相信总有前进的道路。主句谓语believed为一般过去时，宾语从句时态需要和主句保持一致，there be句型后面a way forward是单数名词，因此用was。 【50题详解】 句意：但是，每一代人仍然有自己要走的艰难道路。前文讲如今我们不必翻越雪山、穿越危险草地，后文表达每一代人依旧有艰难的道路要前行，两句存在转折关系，放在句首首字母大写，因此用However。 五、补全对话（5小题，每小题2分，共10分） 根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。 A: Hi, Sam! ____________________51____________________? B: Not bad, but a little tired. A: ____________________52____________________? B: These days, I’ve been preparing for the big exam in June. I often stay up late to study at night. A: No wonder you’re so good at your schoolwork. But I’m a little poor at English. ____________________53____________________? B: Sure. I think practice makes perfect. ____________________54____________________? A: Good idea! I think all efforts will finally pay off. B: Of course. We should study hard and go all out for the big exam in June. A: You’re right. ____________________55____________________. B: Thank you. The same to you! 【答案】51. How is it going 52. Why are you so tired 53. Could you give me some advice 54. Why not practice more 55. Good luck 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了A和Sam谈论Sam因备考六月大考而疲惫，A向Sam请教英语学习方法，Sam建议多练习，最后两人互相鼓励。 【51题详解】 A先问候Sam近况，Sam回答“Not bad, but a little tired.”，故用“How is it going?”询问近况，衔接下文。 【52题详解】 Sam回答这些天为六月大考熬夜学习，A需追问疲惫原因，故用“Why are you so tired?”自然引出下文。 【53题详解】 A表示自己英语较差，Sam回答“Sure.”表示愿意帮助，故A用“Could you give me some advice?”请求建议，衔接下文。 【54题详解】 Sam提出“practice makes perfect”，并进一步建议多练习，故用“Why not practice more?”提出建议，得到A“Good idea!”的回应。 【55题详解】 对话结尾A应表达祝愿，Sam回答“Thank you. The same to you!”故用“Good luck.”收束对话。 六．书面表达（20分） 56. 英语角举办以学习方法为主题的征文比赛，请你以A Test That Changed My Idea of Learning为题写一篇短文。 写作提示：1．从前我的学习方法不好；2．一次考试失利后，我开始反思，找到适合自己的学习方法；3．我取得很大进步，并懂得了一些道理。 写作要求：1．文中须包含以上写作提示中的所有信息，可适当发挥；2．文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称；3．词数100左右。 A Test That Changed My Idea of Learning _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 【参考范文】 A Test That Changed My Idea of Learning In the past, I had poor learning methods. I often stayed up late to memorize words but seldom understood them. I recited blindly without thinking carefully about what I learned. Once, I failed an important exam. I felt upset and began to reflect on myself. I found hard work alone was not enough. I needed a proper way. So I made study plans and turned to teachers for useful help. With these changes, I made great progress day by day. This experience tells me a suitable method is the key to success. Only in this way can we learn better. 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：记叙文，以一般过去时为主 明确要点：从前学习方法不好；一次考试失利后反思，找到适合自己的学习方法；取得很大进步，懂得道理 确定人称：第一人称（I/my） 注意事项：不得透露真实姓名和学校名称，词数100左右 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：引出事件，点明从前学习方式存在问题 主体段：讲述考试失利，自我反思，找到合适学习方法的经过 结尾段：总结收获，升华主题，点明感悟 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：从前的学习方式 学习行为：stay up late/memorize words/learn without understanding/review mechanically/recite blindly等 要点二：考试失利与反思 事件描述：fail an important exam/feel upset/reflect on myself/get low scores等 认知转变：hard work alone was not enough/need proper learning ways/effective ways matter等 行动做法：make study plans/ask teachers for help/take useful notes/draw mind maps等 要点三：收获与感悟 变化结果：make great progress/get better marks等 感悟道理：find a suitable method is the key to success/learn better/improve steadily等 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $