专题11 中考核心知识点精讲讲练（11）（全国通用）2027年中考英语一轮复习

专题11 中考核心知识点精讲精练（11） 知识讲解 知识点一 ： use 和 used 的用法 1. use 的用法 (1) use (v.) 意为 “__________” 使用某物做某事 ___________________ 例：我们用钢笔写字。 __________________. (2) use (n.) 意为 “_________” 充分利用…… 来做某事 ______________________________ 例：我们应该充分利用时间学习英语。 __________________________________________. 2. used 的用法 (1) used (adj.) 意为 “ _________________” 例：他买了一辆二手自行车。 ____________________________. (2) used 必考短语 ① 过去常常做某事 _____________________ 例：我以前经常起得晚。 _______________________. ② 被用来做某事 ________________________ = ______________________________ 例：刀是用来切东西的。 ____________________. ______________________________. ③ 习惯于做某事 ______________________________ 例：他习惯于早起。 ____________________________. 3. useful 的用法 (1) useful (adj.) 意为 “___________”，反义词为 ____________，意为 “___________” 常用短语： ① 对某人有用 ___________________________ 例：这本书对我有用。 __________________________. ② 对 (做) 某事有用 _________________________ 例：字典对学习英语有用 ________________________________. ③ 做某事是有用的 _________________________________. 例：做笔记是有用的。 ______________________________ 注：useful 的三个短语同样适用于 useless（无用的） 知识点五二： talk 的用法 talk (v.) 意为 “____________” (n.) 意为 “_______________” 必考短语 1. 和某人交谈 (1) ____________（单向，对着某人说） (2) ________________（双向，互相聊天） 注：实际使用中可以互换。 (3) ________________________ 例：我想和他谈话。 ① ___________________________. ② _________________________________. 2. 谈论关于某事 ________________________ 例：他们正在谈论那部电影。 ______________________________ 3.（给某人）做报告 / 演讲 (1) __________________ (2) __________________ 例：他给学生们做了一场报告。 ① ________________________________. ② _____________________________________ 知识点三 ：difficult 和 hard 的用法 1. difficult 的用法 (1) difficult (adj.) 意为 “________”，同义词为 _______，其名词为 _______，_______名词，复数为 ______________，意为 “______________” 对某人来说做某事有困难： (1) _______________________________. (2) ____________________________. (3) ___________________________________. 注：① difficult 和 hard “困难的” 不能用 sb 作主语，只能用 it 做形式主语。 ② 句型（3）中的 difficulty 可以换成 trouble 和 problems。 例：对我来说按时完成作业很难。 (1) _____________________________________________. (2) _________________________________________________-. 在…… 方面有困难 ___________________________________ 注：difficulty = trouble = problems 例：我做作业有困难。 _________________________________________. 2. hard 用法 (1) hard (adj.) ① 意为 “ ______________”，同 ____________________ ② 意为 “ __________________” 例：这块石头很硬。 __________________________ ③ 意为 “ _______________________” 过着艰苦的生活 __________________________ 例：在旧社会人们过着艰苦的生活。 _______________________. ④ 意为 “__________________” 对某人严厉 ____________________ 例：别对他太严厉。 ___________________________ (2) hard (adv.) 意为 “ ________________” 例① 我们必须努力学习。 _________________________. 例② 我的爸爸每天都努力工作。 ___________________________________. 例③ 天气正在下大雨。 ______________________________ 3. hardly (adv) 几乎不（与 hard 没有关系） 例：他很努力，但几乎拿不到好成绩。 ______________________________________________. 知识点四： example 用法 example (n.) 意为 “_____________________” 1. 例如 (1) _____________________ 用法：① _____________________ ② _________________________ ③ _____________________________ 例：我喜欢水果，例如苹果。 ___________________________ (2) such as 用法：① _________________________ ② _______________________________ ③ _________________________________ 例：我喜欢水果，例如苹果、香蕉。 ________________________________ 2. 举一个例子 ____________________________ 例：你能举个例子吗？ ____________________________ 3. 给某人树立榜样 ______________________________ 例：他给我们树立了好榜样。 ______________________________ 4.以…… 为例 ________________________________ 例：以英语为例，它很重要。 _________________________________ 5. …… 的例子 ___________________________ 例：这是一篇优秀范文。 __________________________________ 知识点五： mean 的用法 1. mean (v.) 过去式 _______，过去分词 ________，意为 “ _____________”；名词为 _________，意为 “_________” 固定搭配 (1) …… 是什么意思？ ① ________________ ② _______________________ 例：这个单词是什么意思？ ① _______________________________ ② _____________________________________ (2) 你说…… 是什么意思？ ___________________（用来质疑对方刚才说的话，带一点儿不满，追问） 例：你那样说是什么意思？ __________________________ (3) 打算 / 有意做某事 _______________________ 例：我打算帮你。 _________________________ (4) 意味着做某事 ______________________ 例：错过这班车意味着再等一小时。 _____________________________________ 2. mean (adj.) 意为 “ ____________________________________” 对某人小气、刻薄 __________________________ 例：不要对你的同学刻薄。 _______________________________________ 3. meaningful (adj.) 意为 “ _________”；反义词为 ____________，意为 “ _____________” 例① 帮助别人是有意义的。 _____________________________________ 例② 这种工作毫无意义。 _____________________________________ 【巩固练习】 一、单项选择 1. —What do you mean ______ laughing at me like that? —I’m just joking. A. for B. by C. to D. with 2. Don’t be too hard ______ the kids. They have tried their best. A. on B. for C. to D. at 3. This old camera is ______, but it still works well. A. use B. used C. usefully D. using 4. Many students like outdoor sports, ______, hiking. A. such as B. give an example C. for example D. set an example 5. I have difficulty ______ this long article in a short time. A. finish B. to finish C. finishing D. finished 6. He didn’t ______ hurt your feelings; it was just a joke. A. mean doing B. mean to do C. meant doing D. meant to do 7. We should make full use of our free time ______ new skills. A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learned 8. —What’s the ______ of this word? —You can look it up in the dictionary. A. mean B. meaning C. meaningful D. meaningless 9. They are ______ their summer vacation plans excitedly. A. talking about B. talking to C. talking with D. giving a talk 10. It is raining ______, so we have to put off the outdoor activity. A. hard B. hardly C. difficult D. difficulty 11. Take painting ______ example. It needs lots of practice. A. for B. of C. to D. with 12. My grandpa ______ smoke a lot, but now he has given it up. A. used to B. is used to C. was used to D. use to 13. This tool ______ cut wood in the old days. A. used to B. was used to C. was used for D. use to 14. It’s ______ to spend too much time playing computer games. A. meaningful B. meaningless C. mean D. means 15. It is difficult ______ little kids to understand this rule. A. of B. for C. to D. on 16. I want to have a talk ______ you. Could you spare some time? A. to B. about C. with D. for 17. Many fruits, ______ apples and pears, are good for our health. A. for example B. such as C. take for example D. set an example 18. He works very ______, but he ______ has time for rest. A. hard; hardly B. hardly; hard C. hard; hard D. hardly; hardly 19. Missing the early bus means ______ for another forty minutes. A. wait B. to wait C. waiting D. waited 20. The teacher sets a good example ______ all the students in our class. A. for B. to C. of D. about 21. My sister is used ______ a glass of warm water after getting up. A. drink B. to drink C. to drinking D. drinking 22. She has some difficulty ______ her math lessons. A. in B. with C. for D. to 23. Can you ______ to explain this grammar rule to us? A. give an example B. take example C. set example D. an example of 24. Don’t be mean ______ your roommates. You should get on well with them. A. to B. for C. on D. at 25. Pens are useful ______ writing different kinds of articles. A. to B. for C. at D. on 26. Mr. Wang will give a talk ______ teenagers about safety this Friday. A. to B. for C. with D. about 27. People lived a ______ life during that hard time. A. hard B. hardly C. difficulty D. difficultly 28. This is ______ good writing skill for you to learn. A. an example of B. for example C. such as D. set example 29. It’s useful ______ notes when you are having English classes. A. take B. taking C. to take D. took 30. —What does the sign over there mean? —It ______ that you mustn’t take photos here. A. mean B. means C. to mean D. meaning 二、语法填空 1. We use cloth bags ________ (carry) our daily things when shopping. 2. He is used to ________ (get) up early every morning. 3. I have difficulty ________ (understand) what the foreign speaker said just now. 4. This old bike is ________ (use). My uncle used it for ten years. 5. What do you mean ________ refusing my invitation? 6. Many teenagers like pop music, ________ (for example), rock music. 7. It is raining ________ (hard), so the sports meeting has to be put off. 8. She meant ________ (help) me with my homework, but she was too busy. 9. This is a good example ________ his great paintings. 10. Don’t be hard ________ yourself. Everyone can make mistakes. 11. The girls are talking ________ their favourite movies happily. 12. Missing this chance means ________ (wait) for another whole year. 13. Take traditional Chinese art ________ example. It is world‑famous. 14. It’s difficult for children ________ (finish) such heavy housework. 15. We should make good use of every minute ________ (improve) our English. 16. He sets a good example ________ his younger brothers. 17. What’s the ________ (mean) of this strange word? 18. Don’t be ________ (mean) to your classmates; be friendly to them. 19. These knives are used ________ (cut) vegetables in the kitchen. 20. I want ________ (have) a talk with you about your study problem. 21. It is ________ (meaning) to argue about such small unimportant things. 22. He ________ (hard) has time for hobbies because of much homework. 23. I have some difficulty ________ my physics, so I need your advice. 24. This dictionary is useful ________ middle school students. 25. They lived a ________ (hard) life many years ago. 26. Can you ________ (give) an example to explain this phrase? 27. Look! The two students are talking ________ each other in the hallway. 28. This machine is used for ________ (wash) all kinds of clothes. 29. Helping people in need is ________ (meaning) for every one of us. 30. He ________ (mean) no harm when he said those words yesterday. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 我们应该充分利用空闲时间阅读更多书籍。 We should ________ ________ ________ ________ our free time ________ read more books. 2. 过去我常常熬夜，但是现在我习惯早睡。 I ________ ________ stay up late, but now I ________ ________ ________ going to bed early. 3. 对我来说完成这项任务很困难。 ________ ________ ________ ________ me to finish this task. 4. 他给我们树立了一个很好的榜样。 He ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ us. 5. 错过这趟火车意味着再等两个小时。 Missing the train ________ ________ for another two hours. 6. 他们正在谈论即将到来的学校旅行。 They are ________ ________ the coming school trip. 7. 你说放弃是什么意思？ What ________ you ________ ________ giving up? 8. 这个工具是被用来切割金属的。 This tool ________ ________ ________ cut metal. 9. 很多爱好，例如画画、唱歌，可以让我们放松。 Many hobbies, ________ ________ drawing and singing, can make us relaxed. 10. 我在英语口语方面有些困难。 I ________ ________ ________ ________ my spoken English. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题11 中考核心知识点精讲精练（11） 知识讲解 知识点一 ： use 和 used 的用法 1. use 的用法 (1) use (v.) 意为 “使用” 使用某物做某事 use sth to do sth 例：我们用钢笔写字。 We use pens to write. (2) use (n.) 意为 “用途” 充分利用…… 来做某事 make good/full use of …to do sth 例：我们应该充分利用时间学习英语。 We should make full use of time to learn English. 2. used 的用法 (1) used (adj.) 意为 “用过的，二手的” 例：他买了一辆二手自行车。 He bought a used bike. (2) used 必考短语 ① 过去常常做某事 used to do sth 例：我以前经常起得晚。 I used to get up late. ② 被用来做某事 be used to do sth = be used for doing sth 例：刀是用来切东西的。 Knives are used to cut things. Knives are used for cutting things. ③ 习惯于做某事 be used to doing sth 例：他习惯于早起。 He is used to getting up early. 3. useful 的用法 (1) useful (adj.) 意为 “有用的”，反义词为 useless，意为 “无用的” 常用短语： ① 对某人有用 be useful to sb 例：这本书对我有用。 The book is useful to me. ② 对 (做) 某事有用 be useful for (doing) sth 例：字典对学习英语有用 Dictionaries are useful for learning English. ③ 做某事是有用的 It's useful to do sth. 例：做笔记是有用的。 It's useful to take notes. 注：useful 的三个短语同样适用于 useless（无用的） 知识点二 ： talk 的用法 talk (v.) 意为 “谈话，交谈” (n.) 意为 “谈话，演讲” 必考短语 1. 和某人交谈 (1) talk to sb（单向，对着某人说） (2) talk with sb（双向，互相聊天） 注：实际使用中可以互换。 (3) have a talk with sb 例：我想和他谈话。 ① I want to talk to/with him. ② I want to have a talk with him. 2. 谈论关于某事 talk about sth. 例：他们正在谈论那部电影。 They are talking about the movie. 3.（给某人）做报告 / 演讲 (1) give (sb) a talk (2) give a talk (to sb) 例：他给学生们做了一场报告。 ① He gave a talk to the students. ② He gave the students a talk. 知识点：三 difficult 和 hard 的用法 1. difficult 的用法 (1) difficult (adj.) 意为 “困难的”，同义词为 hard，其名词为 difficulty，可数名词，复数为 difficulties，意为 “困难” 对某人来说做某事有困难： (1) It's difficult for sb to do sth. (2) It's hard for sb to do sth. (3) sb have difficulty (in) doing sth. 注：① difficult 和 hard “困难的” 不能用 sb 作主语，只能用 it 做形式主语。 ② 句型（3）中的 difficulty 可以换成 trouble 和 problems。 例：对我来说按时完成作业很难。 (1) It's difficult /hard for me to finish my homework on time. (2) I have difficulty (in) finishing my homework on time. 在…… 方面有困难 sb have difficulty with sth 注：difficulty = trouble = problems 例：我做作业有困难。 I have difficulty with my homework. 2. hard 用法 (1) hard (adj.) ① 意为 “困难的”，同 difficult ② 意为 “坚硬的” 例：这块石头很硬。 The stone is hard. ③ 意为 “艰苦的，艰难的” 过着艰苦的生活 have /live a hard life 例：在旧社会人们过着艰苦的生活。 People lived a hard life in old days. ④ 意为 “严厉的” 对某人严厉 be hard on sb 例：别对他太严厉。 Don't be hard on him. (2) hard (adv.) 意为 “努力地，猛烈地” 例① 我们必须努力学习。 We must study /work hard. 例② 我的爸爸每天都努力工作。 My father works hard every day. 例③ 天气正在下大雨。 It is raining hard. 3. hardly (adv) 几乎不（与 hard 没有关系） 例：他很努力，但几乎拿不到好成绩。 He works hard, but he hardly get good grades. 知识点四： example 用法 example (n.) 意为 “例子，范例，榜样” 1. 例如 (1) for example 用法：① 位置灵活（句首、句中、句尾） ② 后面逗号隔开 ③ 一般举一个例子 例：我喜欢水果，例如苹果。 I like fruit, for example, apples. (2) such as 用法：① 只能放在名词的前面 ② 后面不用逗号隔开 ③ 可以举多个例子 例：我喜欢水果，例如苹果、香蕉。 I like fruit such as apples and bananas. 2. 举一个例子 give an example 例：你能举个例子吗？ Can you give an example? 3. 给某人树立榜样 set an example to sb 例：他给我们树立了好榜样。 He sets a good example to us. 4.以…… 为例 take … for example 例：以英语为例，它很重要。 Take English for example. It is important. 5. …… 的例子 an example of … 例：这是一篇优秀范文。 This is an example of good writing. 知识点五： mean 的用法 1. mean (v.) 过去式 meant，过去分词 meant，意为 “意思是，意味着，打算”；名词为 meaning，意为 “含义” 固定搭配 (1) …… 是什么意思？ ① What does … mean? ② What’s the meaning of …? 例：这个单词是什么意思？ ① What’s the meaning of the word? ② What does the word mean? (2) 你说…… 是什么意思？ What do you mean by…?（用来质疑对方刚才说的话，带一点儿不满，追问） 例：你那样说是什么意思？ What do you mean by that? (3) 打算 / 有意做某事 mean to do sth 例：我打算帮你。 I mean to help you. (4) 意味着做某事 mean doing sth 例：错过这班车意味着再等一小时。 Missing the bus means waiting for another hour. 2. mean (adj.) 意为 “吝啬的，小气的，刻薄的，不友善的” 对某人小气、刻薄 be mean to sb 例：不要对你的同学刻薄。 Don’t be mean to your classmates. 3. meaningful (adj.) 意为 “有意义的”；反义词为 meaningless，意为 “无意义的” 例① 帮助别人是有意义的。 Helping others is meaningful. 例② 这种工作毫无意义。 This kind of work is meaningless. 【巩固练习】 一、单项选择 1. —What do you mean ______ laughing at me like that? —I’m just joking. A. for B. by C. to D. with 【答案】B 【解析】句意：“你那样嘲笑我是什么意思？”“我只是开玩笑。” 考点：固定句型 What do you mean by…? 表示 “你说 / 做…… 是什么意思”，介词要用 by。 2. Don’t be too hard ______ the kids. They have tried their best. A. on B. for C. to D. at 【答案】A 【解析】句意：不要对孩子们太严厉，他们已经尽最大努力了。考点：固定搭配 be hard on sb “对某人严厉”。 3. This old camera is ______, but it still works well. A. use B. used C. usefully D. using 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这是一台二手相机，但是它依旧可以正常使用。考点：used 作形容词，含义 “用过的、二手的”。 4. Many students like outdoor sports, ______, hiking. A. such as B. give an example C. for example D. set an example 【答案】C 【解析】句意：很多学生喜欢户外运动，例如徒步旅行。考点：for example 用来举单个例子，前后用逗号隔开；such as 后直接接名词，不用逗号。 5. I have difficulty ______ this long article in a short time. A. finish B. to finish C. finishing D. finished 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我很难在短时间内完成这篇长文章。考点：固定结构 have difficulty (in) doing sth “做某事有困难”，in 可以省略，后面接动名词。 6. He didn’t ______ hurt your feelings; it was just a joke. A. mean doing B. mean to do C. meant doing D. meant to do 【答案】B 【解析】句意：他并不是有意伤害你的感情，那只是一个玩笑。考点：mean to do sth“打算、有意做某事”；didn’t 后接动词原形。mean doing sth “意味着做某事” 不符合本句句意。 7. We should make full use of our free time ______ new skills. A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learned 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我们应当充分利用空闲时间去学习新技能。考点：make full/good use of…to do sth“充分利用…… 做某事”，不定式作目的状语。 8. —What’s the ______ of this word? —You can look it up in the dictionary. A. mean B. meaning C. meaningful D. meaningless 【答案】B 【解析】句意：“这个单词的含义是什么？”“你可以在词典里查它。” 考点：meaning 名词，“含义，意思”；mean 动词 “意思是”；meaningful 形容词 “有意义的”；meaningless 形容词 “无意义的”。 9. They are ______ their summer vacation plans excitedly. A. talking about B. talking to C. talking with D. giving a talk 【答案】A 【解析】句意：他们正兴奋地谈论他们的暑假计划。考点：talk about sth “谈论某事”；talk to/with sb “和某人交谈”；give a talk “做报告”。 10. It is raining ______, so we have to put off the outdoor activity. A. hard B. hardly C. difficult D. difficulty 【答案】A 【解析】句意：外面雨下得很大，所以我们不得不推迟户外活动。考点：hard 作副词，意为 “猛烈地”；hardly 副词 “几乎不”；difficult 形容词 “困难的”；difficulty 名词 “困难”。 11. Take painting ______ example. It needs lots of practice. A. for B. of C. to D. with 【答案】A 【解析】句意：以绘画为例，它需要大量练习。考点：固定搭配 take…for example“以…… 为例”。 12. My grandpa ______ smoke a lot, but now he has given it up. A. used to B. is used to C. was used to D. use to 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我爷爷过去常常抽很多烟，但是现在他已经戒烟了。考点：used to do sth“过去常常做某事（现在不做了）”；be used to doing “习惯于做某事”。 13. This tool ______ cut wood in the old days. A. used to B. was used to C. was used for D. use to 【答案】B 【解析】句意：在过去这个工具被用来砍伐木头。考点：be used to do sth “被用来做某事”，被动语态；be used for doing sth 同样表 “被用来做某事”，本空后是动词原形 cut，因此选 was used to。 14. It’s ______ to spend too much time playing computer games. A. meaningful B. meaningless C. mean D. means 【答案】B 【解析】句意：花费太多时间玩电脑游戏是毫无意义的。考点：meaningless 形容词 “无意义的”；meaningful “有意义的”；mean 形容词 “刻薄的”/ 动词 “打算，意思是”。 15. It is difficult ______ little kids to understand this rule. A. of B. for C. to D. on 【答案】B 【解析】句意：对于小孩子来说理解这条规则是很困难的。考点：固定句型 It is +adj.+for sb to do sth“对某人来说做某事是…… 的”，形容词描述事情的性质，用介词 for。 16. I want to have a talk ______ you. Could you spare some time? A. to B. about C. with D. for 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我想和你谈一谈，你能抽出一点时间吗？考点：have a talk with sb “和某人交谈”。 17. Many fruits, ______ apples and pears, are good for our health. A. for example B. such as C. take for example D. set an example 【答案】B 【解析】句意：很多水果，例如苹果和梨，对我们的健康有益。考点：such as 放在名词前，不用逗号隔开，列举多个例子；for example 一般举一个例子，加逗号。 18. He works very ______, but he ______ has time for rest. A. hard; hardly B. hardly; hard C. hard; hard D. hardly; hardly 【答案】A 【解析】句意：他工作很努力，但是他几乎没有休息的时间。考点：①hard 副词 “努力地”；②hardly 副词 “几乎不”，hardly 和 hard 词义无关联。 19. Missing the early bus means ______ for another forty minutes. A. wait B. to wait C. waiting D. waited 【答案】C 【解析】句意：错过早班车意味着再等四十分钟。考点：mean doing sth “意味着做某事”；mean to do sth “打算做某事”。 20. The teacher sets a good example ______ all the students in our class. A. for B. to C. of D. about 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这位老师给我们班所有学生树立了一个好榜样。考点：set an example to sb “给某人树立榜样”。 21. My sister is used ______ a glass of warm water after getting up. A. drink B. to drink C. to drinking D. drinking 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我的姐姐习惯起床后喝一杯温水。考点：be used to doing sth “习惯于做某事”，to 是介词，后面接动名词。 22. She has some difficulty ______ her math lessons. A. in B. with C. for D. to 【答案】B 【解析】句意：她在数学课方面有些困难。考点：have difficulty with sth “在某方面有困难”，with 后接名词；have difficulty (in) doing 后接动名词。 23. Can you ______ to explain this grammar rule to us? A. give an example B. take example C. set example D. an example of 【答案】A 【解析】句意：你能举个例子给我们解释这条语法规则吗？考点：give an example “举一个例子”；set an example “树立榜样”。 24. Don’t be mean ______ your roommates. You should get on well with them. A. to B. for C. on D. at 【答案】A 【解析】句意：不要对你的室友刻薄，你应该和他们好好相处。考点：be mean to sb“对某人刻薄、小气”。 25. Pens are useful ______ writing different kinds of articles. A. to B. for C. at D. on 【答案】B 【解析】句意：钢笔对于写各类文章很有用。考点：be useful for (doing) sth“对（做）某事有用”；be useful to sb “对某人有用”。 26. Mr. Wang will give a talk ______ teenagers about safety this Friday. A. to B. for C. with D. about 【答案】A 【解析】句意：王老师本周五将会给青少年做一场关于安全的报告。考点：give a talk to sb “给某人做报告”。 27. People lived a ______ life during that hard time. A. hard B. hardly C. difficulty D. difficultly 【答案】A 【解析】句意：在那段艰难的岁月里人们过着艰苦的生活。考点：hard 形容词，“艰苦的”；固定搭配 live a hard life “过艰苦的生活”；hardly 副词 “几乎不”。 28. This is ______ good writing skill for you to learn. A. an example of B. for example C. such as D. set example 【答案】A 【解析】句意：这是一项值得你学习的写作技巧范例。考点：an example of…“…… 的例子 / 范例”。 29. It’s useful ______ notes when you are having English classes. A. take B. taking C. to take D. took 【答案】C 【解析】句意：上英语课的时候做笔记是很有用的。考点：固定句型 It’s useful to do sth “做某事是有用的”，it 作形式主语，真正主语为后面不定式。 30. —What does the sign over there mean? —It ______ that you mustn’t take photos here. A. mean B. means C. to mean D. meaning 【答案】B 【解析】句意：“那边的标识是什么意思？”“它意思是你不许在这里拍照。” 考点：mean 动词 “意思是”；主语 it 为第三人称单数，一般现在时谓语动词用 means。 二、语法填空 1. We use cloth bags ________ (carry) our daily things when shopping. 【答案】to carry 【解析】句意：购物的时候我们用布袋来装日常物品。考点：use sth to do sth “使用某物做某事”，不定式作目的状语。 2. He is used to ________ (get) up early every morning. 【答案】getting 【解析】句意：他习惯每天早上早起。考点：be used to doing sth “习惯于做某事”，to 为介词，后面接动名词。 3. I have difficulty ________ (understand) what the foreign speaker said just now. 【答案】understanding 【解析】句意：我很难听懂刚才外国发言人说的话。考点：have difficulty (in) doing sth “做某事有困难”，in 省略，接动名词。 4. This old bike is ________ (use). My uncle used it for ten years. 【答案】used 【解析】句意：这辆自行车是二手的，我叔叔骑了十年。考点：used 形容词，“用过的，二手的”。 5. What do you mean ________ refusing my invitation? 【答案】by 【解析】句意：你拒绝我的邀请是什么意思？考点：What do you mean by doing sth，固定句型，介词用 by。 6. Many teenagers like pop music, ________ (for example), rock music. 【答案】for example 【解析】句意：很多青少年喜欢流行音乐，例如摇滚乐。考点：for example “例如”，举单个事例，和主句用逗号隔开。 7. It is raining ________ (hard), so the sports meeting has to be put off. 【答案】hard 【解析】句意：雨下得很大，所以运动会不得不推迟。考点：hard 作副词，表 “猛烈地”，修饰动词 rain。 8. She meant ________ (help) me with my homework, but she was too busy. 【答案】to help 【解析】句意：她本打算帮我写作业，但是她太忙了。考点：mean to do sth “打算做某事”。 9. This is a good example ________ his great paintings. 【答案】of 【解析】句意：这是他优秀绘画作品中的一个范例。考点：an example of…“…… 的例子”。 10. Don’t be hard ________ yourself. Everyone can make mistakes. 【答案】on 【解析】句意：不要对自己太严厉，人人都会犯错。考点：be hard on sb “对某人严厉”。 11. The girls are talking ________ their favourite movies happily. 【答案】about 【解析】句意：女孩们正开心地谈论她们最喜欢的电影。考点：talk about sth “谈论某事”。 12. Missing this chance means ________ (wait) for another whole year. 【答案】waiting 【解析】句意：错过这次机会意味着要再等整整一年。考点：mean doing sth “意味着做某事”，mean 后面接动名词。 13. Take traditional Chinese art ________ example. It is world‑famous. 【答案】for 【解析】句意：以中国传统艺术为例，它世界闻名。考点：take…for example“以…… 为例”。 14. It’s difficult for children ________ (finish) such heavy housework. 【答案】to finish 【解析】句意：对孩子们来说完成这么繁重的家务是困难的。考点：It’s difficult for sb to do sth，it 作形式主语，不定式作真正主语。 15. We should make good use of every minute ________ (improve) our English. 【答案】to improve 【解析】句意：我们应该充分利用每一分钟提升我们的英语。考点：make good use of…to do sth，不定式表目的。 16. He sets a good example ________ his younger brothers. 【答案】to 【解析】句意：他给他的弟弟们树立了好榜样。考点：set an example to sb “给某人树立榜样”。 17. What’s the ________ (mean) of this strange word? 【答案】meaning 【解析】句意：这个奇怪单词的含义是什么？考点：meaning 名词，意为 “意思，含义”；the 后面接名词。 18. Don’t be ________ (mean) to your classmates; be friendly to them. 【答案】mean 【解析】句意：不要对你的同学刻薄，要友好对待他们。考点：be mean to sb “对某人刻薄”，mean 此处为形容词。 19. These knives are used ________ (cut) vegetables in the kitchen. 【答案】to cut 【解析】句意：厨房里这些刀被用来切蔬菜。考点：be used to do sth “被用来做某事”。 20. I want ________ (have) a talk with you about your study problem. 【答案】to have 【解析】句意：我想和你谈谈你的学习问题。考点：want to do sth “想要做某事”。 21. It is ________ (meaning) to argue about such small unimportant things. 【答案】meaningless 【解析】句意：为这样无关紧要的小事争吵是毫无意义的。考点：meaningless 形容词 “无意义的”；it is + 形容词 + to do。 22. He ________ (hard) has time for hobbies because of much homework. 【答案】hardly 【解析】句意：因为大量作业，他几乎没有时间发展爱好。考点：hardly 副词 “几乎不”。 23. I have some difficulty ________ my physics, so I need your advice. 【答案】with 【解析】句意：我物理方面有些困难，所以我需要你的建议。考点：have difficulty with sth “在某方面有困难”，后接名词。 24. This dictionary is useful ________ middle school students. 【答案】to 【解析】句意：这本词典对中学生有用。考点：be useful to sb “对某人有用”。 25. They lived a ________ (hard) life many years ago. 【答案】hard 【解析】句意：许多年前他们过着艰苦的生活。考点：hard 形容词 “艰苦的”；live a hard life 过艰苦生活。 26. Can you ________ (give) an example to explain this phrase? 【答案】give 【解析】句意：你能举个例子解释这个短语吗？考点：情态动词 can 后面接动词原形 give；give an example “举例子”。 27. Look! The two students are talking ________ each other in the hallway. 【答案】with/to 【解析】句意：看！两个学生正在走廊里互相交谈。考点：talk to/with sb “和某人交谈”，二者可以互换。 28. This machine is used for ________ (wash) all kinds of clothes. 【答案】washing 【解析】句意：这台机器被用来洗各种各样的衣服。考点：be used for doing sth “被用来做某事”，for 是介词，接动名词。 29. Helping people in need is ________ (meaning) for every one of us. 【答案】meaningful 【解析】句意：帮助有需要的人对于我们每个人都是有意义的。考点：meaningful 形容词 “有意义的”，作表语。 30. He ________ (mean) no harm when he said those words yesterday. 【答案】meant 【解析】句意：昨天他说那些话的时候并没有恶意。考点：mean 的过去式 meant；时间状语 yesterday 表示一般过去时。 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 我们应该充分利用空闲时间阅读更多书籍。 We should ________ ________ ________ ________ our free time ________ read more books. 【答案】make good/full use of；to 【解析】句意：我们应该充分利用空闲时间阅读更多书籍。考点：make good/full use of…to do sth“充分利用…… 做某事”；should 情态动词后接动词原形；不定式 to do 表目的。 2. 过去我常常熬夜，但是现在我习惯早睡。 I ________ ________ stay up late, but now I ________ ________ ________ going to bed early. 【答案】used to；am used to 【解析】句意：过去我常常熬夜，但是现在我习惯早睡。考点：used to do sth 过去常常做某事；be used to doing sth 习惯于做某事，主语 I，be 动词用 am。 3. 对我来说完成这项任务很困难。 ________ ________ ________ ________ me to finish this task. 【答案】It is difficult/hard for 【解析】句意：对我来说完成这项任务很困难。考点：It is difficult/hard for sb to do sth，it 作形式主语。 4. 他给我们树立了一个很好的榜样。 He ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ us. 【答案】sets a good example to 【解析】句意：他给我们树立了一个很好的榜样。考点：set a good example to sb “给某人树立好榜样”；主语 he，一般现在时动词用 sets。 5. 错过这趟火车意味着再等两个小时。 Missing the train ________ ________ for another two hours. 【答案】means waiting 【解析】句意：错过这趟火车意味着再等两个小时。考点：mean doing sth 意味着做某事；动名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数 means。 6. 他们正在谈论即将到来的学校旅行。 They are ________ ________ the coming school trip. 【答案】talking about 【解析】句意：他们正在谈论即将到来的学校旅行。考点：talk about sth 谈论某事；现在进行时 be doing，talk 变为 talking。 7. 你说放弃是什么意思？ What ________ you ________ ________ giving up? 【答案】do；mean by 【解析】句意：你说放弃是什么意思？考点：固定句型 What do you mean by doing sth“你做…… 是什么意思”。 8. 这个工具是被用来切割金属的。 This tool ________ ________ ________ cut metal. 【答案】is used to 【解析】句意：这个工具是被用来切割金属的。考点：be used to do sth “被用来做某事”；主语 tool 单数，be 动词用 is。 9. 很多爱好，例如画画、唱歌，可以让我们放松。 Many hobbies, ________ ________ drawing and singing, can make us relaxed. 【答案】such as 【解析】句意：很多爱好，例如画画、唱歌，可以让我们放松。考点：such as 列举多个例子，置于名词前，不加逗号。 10. 我在英语口语方面有些困难。 I ________ ________ ________ ________ my spoken English. 【答案】have some difficulty/trouble with 【解析】句意：我在英语口语方面有些困难。考点：have some difficulty/trouble with sth “在某方面有困难”。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $