上海复旦大学附属中学2023-2024学年第一学期高二年级英语学科1月第三次阶段性教学质量评估试卷

复旦大学附属中学2023学年第一学期 高二年级英语学科1月第三次阶段性教学质量评估试卷　答案 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A 1. to 2. creating 3. that / which 4. why 5. to compete 6. can 7. left 8. When / As 9. heads 10. was set / had been set Section B 11. J 12. A 13. B 14. D 15. K 16. F 17. E 18. I 19. H 20. C II. Reading Comprehension Section A 21. C 22. C 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. A 27. B 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. B Section B 36. B 37. A 38. D 39. B 40. D 41. B 42. C 43. A 44. B 45. A 46. C Section C 47. C 48. D 49. E 50. A III. Summary Writing 51. Stress, the way people respond to changes and difficult situations, is now experienced by more people than in the past. Too much stress or stress lasting too long may cause serious physical and mental problems. However, there are two kinds of stress. Eustress, resulting from positive events, gives people motivation, while distress, caused by negative events, affects people negatively. IV. Translation 52. Henry held his brother by the arm. 53. The closer we were to the house, the more slowly we walked. 54. You can imagine how embarrassing it was when I was asked during a psychology class to say whether I liked this course. 55. The reason why this application soon attracted no attention was that its developer didn’t take users’ actual needs into account. V. Guided Writing 56. When envisioning my future home, I believe an ideal one should have three characteristics: smart home technology, eco-friendly furnishings, and a livable external environment. First, smart home technology enhances daily convenience. Intelligent appliances can automatically adjust lighting, temperature, and security settings based on our habits, saving time and providing comfort. Furthermore, eco-friendly furnishings are essential for a healthy lifestyle. Using non-toxic materials safeguards our physical well-being and reflects our commitment to protecting the environment. Besides, furniture made from recycled materials helps conserve natural resources. Last but not least, a livable external environment is crucial for mental health. A home in a peaceful neighborhood with green spaces allows residents to relax, and regular exposure to nature can relieve stress and boost our mood. In conclusion, a future home with smart technology, eco-friendly materials, and pleasant surroundings will undoubtedly provide a superior quality of life. 第 1 页 / 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 复旦大学附属中学2023学年第一学期 高二年级英语学科1月第三次阶段性教学质量评估试卷 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Artists Show Concern for Environment at Smithsonian Craft Show The United Nations says more than one million plant and animal species are likely to die out because of human activity. That threat 1          the environment and concerns about climate change influenced people attending the Smithsonian Craft Show last month. The show gave recognition to artists 2          (create) environmentally sustainable works. The Smithsonian Committee is made up of volunteers from the Washington, D.C. area. Joann Symons is the group’s president. “In recent years, we’ve noticed that the artists in our shows have been working with more renewable materials and methods 3          are environmentally safe. That’s 4          we’ve decided that we will reward those efforts by offering a Sustainability Award every year at our show,” said Symons. At the show last month, 120 artists from across the United States presented works of art in 12 different materials. Twenty-one artists met the requirements for sustainability. By doing so, they won the right 5          (compete) for the Honoring the Future Sustainability Award. The winner received a prize of 1,000 dollars. Mary Jaeger creates her works of art in a nearly 100-year-old factory building in Brooklyn, New York. She makes artworks that 6          be worn as clothing. It combines the time-honored qualities of Japanese textiles with modern Western designs. Jaeger won the “Honoring the Future Sustainability Award” for her silk creations. She makes them by hand, combining earlier projects with materials 7          (leave) over. The artist said, “8          I look at these beautiful silks that I have acquired over the years of designing, I wanted to repurpose them into something that was truly beautiful, but completely different than the original product...” Fran Dubrowski 9          (head) Honoring the Future, a nonprofit organization that provides the sustainability award. She said the group 10          (set) up to take advantage of the power of art to educate and engage the public on climate change. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. argument B. attentive C. dull D. disengaged E. contrast F. mildly G. posted H. resist I. solve J. tedious K. variation The Lecture Is Not Broken For twenty years the university lecture has been declared obsolete. It is passive, critics say; students sit in rows, copying words that could be read at home, and what they retain afterwards is 11         . The case seems overwhelming, and it has produced a whole industry of replacements — flipped classrooms, podcasts, interactive platforms. Yet the lecture refuses to die, and there is a respectable 12          for that. A well-constructed lecture does something no reading list can: it makes visible a mind at work. Watching an expert move through a problem, hesitate at a difficult step and then change direction is not the same as reading the finished result, and it is precisely the part that the published article strips away. The critics are also drawing a false contrast. A lecture is not passive for a student who is 13         ; it is passive for one who is 14         . The evidence, in fact, points to a different culprit. Studies of attention in lectures find that it declines sharply after about fifteen minutes — but recovers when the speaker poses a question, and this happens whatever the format. The problem, in other words, is not the medium but the absence of 15         . Nor is the digital alternative as helpful as it looks. When the same material was presented as a recording, students were 16          more likely to postpone watching it, and those who watched at doubled speed performed no better than those who had never watched at all. Convenience is not the same as learning. This does not mean that lectures should go unchanged. They should be shorter, and they should stop every quarter of an hour to demand something of the audience. The 17          in quality between a good and a poor lecture is wider than in almost any other form of teaching, which is why the format is so often blamed for what is really the speaker’s fault. Students, meanwhile, should be told the truth: that no format will ever 18          the hard work of understanding, and that a lecture is an invitation to think, not a substitute for it. The question worth asking is not whether we should 19          the lecture, but whether we are willing to prepare for it. A student who arrives having read the material will find the hour 20         ; one who arrives empty-handed will be bored by any format we design. II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. As managers think about how to draw workers back into the office, they are offering free food, free drinks and free massages. But in the minds of many office 21         , there is now an unspoken question: if I went back to the office, would I feel like I was the boss of my own desk? That question is easy for managers to overlook, yet it 22          more than we think. In 2010, the psychologists Alex Haslam and Craig Knight set up an experiment in which participants were asked to perform simple administrative tasks in a variety of office spaces. They tested four different office layouts. One was in the 23          style: bare desk, chair, pencil, paper, nothing else. The second layout was softened with plants and almost abstract flower images. Workers 24          this layout more than the first one and got more and better work done there. The third and fourth layouts were similar, yet produced dramatically different outcomes. In each, workers were invited to use the same plants and pictures to decorate the space before they started work, if they wished. But in one of them, the experimenter came in after the subject had finished decorating, and then rearranged it all. The 25          difference was small, but the impact on productivity and job satisfaction was dramatic. When workers were 26          to shape their own space, they did more and better work and felt far more content. When workers were disempowered, their work suffered and, of course, they 27          it. It wasn't the environment itself that was stressful or distracting—it was the lack of 28         . Yet there is a long tradition of disempowering workers. In the 1960s, the designer Robert Propst worked with the Herman Miller company to produce "The Action Office", a stylish system of open-plan office furniture that 29          workers to sit, stand, move around and shape the space as they wished. Propst then watched in 30          as his ideas were turned into cheap modular dividers, and then into cubicle farms (小隔间). Managers had pushed the style and the space out of the action office, but 31          they had denied workers their rights to make choices about the place where they spent much of their waking lives. At least the cube farms had a money-saving logic. Many 32          attempts to control the office environment had no logic at all. In the early 1990s, Jay Chiat of the Chiat-Day advertising agency brought on some star architects to provide him with fashionable office spaces over which the actual workers had no control. The Chiat-Day office redesign has become a (n) 33          tale, reminding us of what happens when style is put ahead of substance and hot-desking goes too far. Yet 34          disempowering office layouts and rules remain far too common. Occasionally the media will report one of these more extreme efforts. Everyone laughs 35          at such stories. We all know our workplace could be next. 21. A. designers B. bosses C. workers D. builders 22. A. requires B. leaves C. matters D. remains 23. A. conventional B. dominant C. domestic D. minimalist 24. A. applied B. questioned C. enjoyed D. overlooked 25. A. physical B. qualitative C. growing D. natural 26. A. empowered B. estimated C. chosen D. forbidden 27. A. needed B. hated C. accepted D. changed 28. A. control B. progress C. concern D. discipline 29. A. taught B. allowed C. selected D. appointed 30. A. general B. respect C. response D. horror 31. A. after all B. above all C. at all D. in all 32. A. occasional B. theoretical C. legal D. managerial 33. A. inspiring B. curious C. warning D. boring 34. A. pointlessly B. effortlessly C. selflessly D. harmlessly 35. A. delightedly B. nervously C. moderately D. dutifully Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. （A） Our environments can affect the way we feel. This is not a new concept. Recently, scientific research concluded that the design of healthcare environments could support patients in their recovery. Increasingly, however, it is our homes that are being seen as places we can improve our wellness. A new approach to interior design suggests that many of us now care less about how our homes look and more about how they make us feel. How we feel can be influenced by a number of different things, including the furniture and objects within our homes and how these are arranged. For example, "to create warmth and the ability to connect with others, we want our furniture facing each other", says Lindsay T. Graham, a personality and social psychologist. Smaller objects, too, have a lot of power, according to Monica Khemsurov, one of the founders of online design magazine Sight Unseen. Whether it's something an old friend made for us or a souvenir purchased while travelling, objects allow us to relive those important moments or feel closer to people we love at a glance. It makes sense, therefore, that taking a more active approach to where we place objects in our home can affect our mood. Other elements that help create a personal space that makes you feel good include the type of lighting, the use of color and texture, as well as bringing nature into the home. "Plants and natural materials, particularly unpainted wood, are really great for keeping our stress levels in check", says environmental psychologist Sally Augustin. And controlling stress levels can also be helped by making sure our workspace and any clutter are hidden from sight when we want to feel calm, for example, during our night-time routine before going to bed. However we choose to adjust our living spaces to improve wellness, the final tip from the experts is to not treat our homes as a museum. Instead, we should see them as unique and constantly changing—just like us. 36. Which of the following factors is most likely to influence how we feel at home? A. Where the furniture is made. B. The arrangement of furniture items. C. Whether our rooms face south. D. The number of souvenirs we have. 37. Why do small objects in our home matter to us? A. They help bring back our memories. B. They help us get to know more people. C. They are usually gifts from our old friends. D. They remind us of those common moments. 38. According to Sally Augustin, which of the following can make you feel good in your own space? A. Avoiding artificial lighting. B. Studying gardening techniques. C. Wearing light-colored pajamas. D. Using furniture made of natural materials. 39. What can be inferred from the passage? A. Our home should be viewed as a museum. B. We often need to change how our living spaces look. C. The practice of feng shui is widely accepted on a global scale. D. We should consult a psychologist when we decorate our home. （B） Good manners used to mean simple courtesy (礼节) and being kind. Today it seems we may fear doing or saying the wrong thing, and for good reason. Given the power of the Internet, a faux pas can mean losing a friend—or your job. Covering the ins and outs of civil behavior for the past 20-plus years, I have learned that, fortunately, good intentions never go out of style. Even better, science tells us that acts of kindness are infectious: If I treat you right, you're more likely to treat the next person better. TO HOLD OR NOT TO HOLD—THE DOOR Q: My husband always opens doors for women (he's over 80), but the young women cast him a look of pure shock and rush past him without a thank-you. So sad. Why has such a basic kindness gone out of style? -Jo Garcia A: Let me uncomplicate things: If I'm first to the door, I'm going to pull it open and let you go first, whether you're a man or a woman. A push door can be awkward, but I'll usually go through first (with my most charming "Allow me!") and then hold it for you. I give the same advice to my sister (and all women): First one there opens the door and holds it. The one time to break the rule: If the person ahead of you needs assistance or is much older, step up and open the door. And for those of us on the receiving end of a door kindness, I hope we all say "Thank you" as we pass by. NO THANK-YOU NOTES=NO MORE GIFTS? Q: It especially bothers me when I give a child a gift and there is no acknowledgment from the parent or the child. What are my options? -Sharon Taft A: I'm the quick-witted uncle to three nieces, which means I rely on humor to make a point. One time, several weeks after the holidays had gone by, I e-mailed one of the girls: "I can't thank you enough for the thank-you note." That inspired a quick, and guilty, thank-you from her. Then there was the year I boycotted them: no gifts. You bet they noticed, and they did a fine job with their thank-you e-mails once I resumed gift giving. (Yes, e-mail is just fine, especially when compared with the alternative—no response.) But I learned a lesson, too: I try my best to thank those who express kindness to me, whether it's a flight attendant helping me with a bag or these same nieces—now young adults—who recently made an amazing dinner for our family. There's a theory that gratitude begets gratitude. I believe that now. 40. Both Jo Garcia and Sharon Taft are puzzled by A. what makes young people so rude B. what kindness means to young adults C. why kindness is not infectious nowadays D. why some good manners are out of date 41. Which statement is the writer most likely to agree with? A. Men should always hold the door for women. B. It is always necessary to express our gratitude. C. Jo should remind her husband of his impoliteness. D. Being humorous matters more than being polite. 42. The word "begets" in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to "____" A. takes care of B. makes use of C. gives rise to D. attaches importance to （C） No spacecraft will ever land on the surface of the sun, but next year, a ship from Earth will fly closer to its fires than ever before in a mission that represents a big development not just for scientists but, potentially, for everyone else. NASA plans to launch a probe (航天探测器) that will journey nearly 90 million miles, eventually flying within 3.8 million miles of the sun. The Parker Solar Probe is expected to reach the sun's outer envelope of fiery gases, known as the corona, by November, providing new insights not only into our home star but into all stars—which is no small thing, given that the closest star system is an unreachable four light-years away. That's 24 trillion miles. The sun, just 93 million miles away, is well within our reach. After its launch, the unmanned spacecraft will enter a preliminary solar orbit (初步太阳轨道) and then make seven flybys of Venus, using the planet's gravity to edge closer and closer to the sun. The ship will finally be so close that it will make a single trip around the sun in just 88 days—a quick trip compared with Earth's 365 days. At its peak speeds, the Parker Solar Probe will move fast enough to get from Philadelphia to Washington in a second. While temperatures in the corona can reach 1 million °F, the probe will limit itself to regions where things get no hotter than 2,500 °F. Still, that's four times as hot as the melting point of lead—a heavy heat load for a spacecraft that will cost $1.5 billion to build, launch and operate. But a 4.5-inch heat shield will allow the probe's camera and scientific instruments to operate at a comfortable room temperature. NASA says the data it collects could provide insight into the physics of stars at large. Our sun may be special to us, but it's rather common in the sweep of space; the better we understand how it works, the better we understand all stars of its mass and color. Perhaps most important is what the probe may reveal about the cause and nature of solar storms. During solar storms, charged particles (微粒) streaming through the solar system can disable communications satellites and shut down electrical grids over vast areas of the planet. A National Academy of Sciences study revealed that a particularly violent storm could cause up to $2 trillion in damage in the U.S. alone and black out the Eastern seaboard for a year. A better understanding of what causes the storms might enable us to predict them—and protect ourselves in advance. That could make even a mission with a billion-plus price tag one of NASA's great bargains. 43. Why is an understanding of the sun important? A. It enables us to know about similar but inaccessible stars. B. It makes it possible for us to use the planets' gravity in a wise way. C. It helps to reveal the accurate distance between the Earth and the sun. D. It provides insights into why there are living creatures in the solar system. 44. Philadelphia and Washington are mentioned in paragraph 3 in order to ______. A. stress how close the probe might be to the sun B. illustrate the greatest speed at which the probe moves C. inform readers of how fast the probe moves on average D. explain why the probe needs to finish its trip in 88 days 45. What does the writer imply about NASA's mission to the sun in the last two paragraphs? A. It may be well worth its high costs. B. It may stop solar storms from happening. C. It may tell us what solar storms will lead to. D. It may find where charged particles can't arrive. 46. Which of the following statements is true of the probe? A. It is linked to a camera on the earth. B. It will circle the sun at a steady speed. C. It is one of NASA's projects to explore the sun. D. It cannot stand the temperature of over 2,500°F. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. The Day When I Gave Up Smoking A. Each 'new' experience as a non-smoker has to be addressed—eating out, waiting for an aeroplane, a theatre interval. B. My work, which I thought would be the most difficult to accomplish without cigarettes, did not cause a single problem. C. I suppose my inability to explain how one afternoon I had been a heavy smoker, and four hours later I was not, was faintly annoying. D. Since my motivation for being here is writing, not stopping, it would not be right to expect your method to work on me. E. Having a cigarette was an activity in itself. F. I suppose what happened was that the stop-smoking messages made intellectual sense. I thought everyone would be pleased, but one of my colleagues was absolutely angry, "What do you mean? If it was that easy, why didn't you stop years ago?" 47          I find it curious myself. The stop-smoking session (阶段) took place exactly two months and three weeks ago. I had not intended to stop and I did not even particularly want to. For one thing, I wholly hated the pressure from the anti-smoking fighter—and I still do. For another, I had low blood pressure and a long-lived and healthy family. I did not cough or feel unwell and threw off colds more easily, it seemed to me, than friends with consciously healthier lifestyles. On that unexceptional Thursday afternoon, I had simply gone along to the Birmingham session of The Easy Way to Stop Smoking to write an article about other people trying to give up. 'I shan't be trying to stop myself. It wouldn't be fair,' I announced firmly. 48          I could not have been more reasonable. After all, I positively enjoyed smoking. It gave me real pleasure. I thought the counsellor (顾问) looked at me rather knowingly. We were encouraged to smoke as much as we wished and most of the afternoon was conducted in a room so smoke-filled that we had to open the windows. I noticed with interest that when I was told to smoke I was reluctant to do so—and so were the others. 49          Just as smoking itself had become a challenge in the face of opposition, so the concept of stopping began to feel attractive. The possibility of not being a smoker was beginning to make me feel powerful. It was a secret feeling that had nothing to do with anyone except myself. Now I do miss my cigarettes, but not too much. 50          All are key moments in which I would have previously smoked cigarettes. III. Summary Writing Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. 51. Understanding Stress Stress—the way a person responds to changes and difficult situations—is a common experience that people all over the world share. In fact, most people have stressful experiences every day. However, research shows that people experience more stress today than they did in the past. Forty-eight percent of people in the United States report that they feel more stressed today than they did five years ago. In addition, most doctor visits in the world (three out of five) happen because of problems related to stress. Scientists and health workers are interested in this subject because high stress levels have serious consequences that can affect people's health and daily lives. Too much stress—or stress that continues for a long time—can cause serious physical and emotional problems. These problems include trouble sleeping, sickness, and pain. Heart disease and even cancer probably result from stress. Moreover, people under stress are in more danger of having an accident at work or while driving, and they might start bad habits more easily such as smoking or eating too much. It is important to point out that stress is not always bad, however; actually, today's busy lifestyles cause two kinds of stress—eustress and distress. Eustress is the effect of positive events that cause a change in a person's life. Eustress provides the amount of stress that is just right for a person to grow, to stay energetic, and to feel happy with life. For instance, getting married is a happy life event for most people. However, getting married is also a big change, so it causes stress. Distress, on the other hand, is the effect of bad or difficult experiences. Problems with money, school, or relationships are common causes of distress in modern life. Distress can cause serious health and emotional problems, but eustress can actually improve a person's well-being. IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 亨利抓住弟弟的手臂。(by) 53. 越靠近那幢屋子，我们的步伐就越缓慢。(close) 54. 在一次心理课上，当我必须要表态是否喜欢这个课程时，你可以想象这有多尴尬。(embarrassing) 55. 这个应用程序很快就无人问津的原因是它的开发者没有将用户的实际需求考虑在内。(account) V. Guided Writing Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 56. 假设你有意参加某英文报举行的题为“My future home”征文调查活动，征文内容从这些住房特征中选择：交通便利；住房外部环境宜居；家居内部设施齐全；用具及装饰健康环保；住房智能化。现请你写一篇文章，具体要求如下： （1）你未来理想的住房应该有以上哪三个特征？ （2）说明理由。 第 1 页 / 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $