上海复旦大学附属中学2024-2025学年第一学期高二年级英语学科11月第三次阶段性教学质量评估试卷

复旦大学附属中学2024学年第一学期 高二年级英语学科11月第三次阶段性教学质量评估试卷　答案 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A 1. will involve 2. to complete 3. nobody 4. if 5. easier 6. hidden 7. due to 8. doing 9. was seen 10. where Section B 11. I 12. F 13. H 14. A 15. J 16. C 17. B 18. D 19. G 20. K II. Reading Comprehension Section A 21. C 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. D 31. B 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. A Section B 36. C 37. D 38. C 39. B 40. B 41. C 42. A 43. A 44. C 45. B 46. B Section C 47. A 48. F 49. C 50. B III. Summary Writing 51. Breathing in highly polluted air poses severe health risks. We can find ways to protect ourselves from pollution. Tracking air quality through online maps is helpful, and personal pollution monitors provide detailed and short-term data, which enable us to choose a cleaner route. Surgical-style masks may not be highly effective, but a well-fitted mask can reduce inhaled particulates. IV. Translation 52. This scene enabled the young composer to feel the magic of nature. 53. What courage does it take to express the “truth” in your heart in public? 54. She has signed up for the course “Learning Shanghai Dialect” as she believes that to live in Shanghai for a long time, it is necessary to learn the local dialect. 55. All the new spring products will be available at/in all the branches of this restaurant, giving more citizens the opportunity to taste the “limited edition” of spring cuisine. V. Guided Writing 56. Our school has provided us with an enriching environment, but there are areas that require attention to further enhance our campus experience. On one hand, the school cafeteria demands improvement. Currently, it lacks a welcoming atmosphere and healthy food options. I propose a makeover with vibrant decor, comfortable seating and nutritious meals. A pleasant dining environment will make mealtimes enjoyable and foster a sense of community. On the other hand, the sports facilities need upgrading. The existing facilities are outdated, hindering students from engaging in physical activities. Investing in modern equipment and expanding the sports ground will promote students’ physical fitness. Regular sporting events will also encourage teamwork. In conclusion, improving the cafeteria and sports facilities will create a more dynamic campus environment, catering to students’ physical and social needs and contributing to a friendlier learning experience at Ming Qi High School. 第 1 页 / 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 复旦大学附属中学2024学年第一学期 高二年级英语学科11月第三次阶段性教学质量评估试卷 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. A day in the life of a teen detective Isla, aged 19, is a private detective, although one day she would like to be a world-famous actress. For now, going undercover gives her good practice at playing different roles. Private detectives are hard-working and each day is full of surprises. Isla never knows exactly what her day's work 1          (involve). Sometimes she works a 16-hour day and might not finish until after midnight, or she may find that an investigation is easy 2          (complete) and she can go home early. It all depends on the day, but Isla likes the job's unpredictable nature. You normally wouldn't suspect that a schoolgirl or a Goth was observing you, but Isla can easily dress up as these characters. She's at an age where, with the right clothes, she can look much older or younger. That's why she is given jobs that 3          else at the detective agency could do. She sometimes has to check 4          a shop or bar is selling products to people who are underage. In other jobs, she knocks on the door of the person she's investigating and asks them some questions for an imaginary school survey. It doesn't get much 5          (easy) than that! A 6          (hide) camera and a voice recorder are part of Isla's equipment. Many cases involve following people who are cheating employers by saying they are too ill to work, when in fact they are fine. One man who Isla investigated wasn't going to work 7          backache. However, she found out he was playing golf every day! Photos and videos of him 8          (do) these activities meant his employer could give him the sack. In the past, it 9          (see) as a job for older men in dark raincoats and sunglasses. The image of the private detective might have changed, but in a world 10          crime is the same as ever, there are now job opportunities in this field for people of all ages. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. approached B. characters C. corners D. costly E. defense F. dying G. explanation H. magnified I. potential J. storing K. tasteful Temples of print Letterpress printing (活版印刷) hung on longer in poorer countries than in Britain, but now its near extinction is global. Thousands of tonnes of metal type must have been melted down. But some has been bought up by collectors like Ahmad Matar, a Saudi Arabian artist. His biggest collection was from an Armenian library in Cairo, but he says that Beirut may have the greatest 11          for it was the centre of the Arabic printing industry. "There is an Arabic saying," he says from his studio in Jeddah. "Cairo writes. Beirut prints. Baghdad reads." The most enthusiastic conservators (文物保护者) are former printers. The employees of 12          industries often feel a powerful feeling for the machines with which they have spent their lives. The feeling is perhaps 13          among those whose business was spreading human culture. When Izumi Munemura was looking for material for the Printing Museum he opened in Tokyo in 2000, he was 14          by former employees of Toppan, a printing company, which had largely stopped using letterpress by 1985. They had been 15          some of the company's hot-metal type. "They opened the door to the warehouse and said, 'Here you go: we have been waiting for this moment.'" Not all the old fonts and machines were given to museums or melted down. In a few 16          of the world, such as Kazui Press in Tokyo, they continue to operate. Kazui was run by Juzo Takaoka from 1956 until his son, Masao, took over in 1995. The younger Mr Takaoka still runs the firm. Letterpress is a far more difficult business in Japanese than in English; it takes 3,000-4,000 17          to print a book or newspaper. It is also 18         : Kazui business cards are $185 per hundred. But Mr Takaoka still has plenty of customers. In 19          he points to a grey china cup into which he has poured tea. "You can serve or drink tea in a plastic or paper cup. The process would be the same: you bring the cup to your mouth and you drink tea. But it's more 20          to drink from a china cup, no?" II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Basic research, driven by curiosity, freedom and imagination, provides the groundwork for all applied research and technology. And just as we have to break the endless cycle of Band-Aid fixes to roads and rails, long-term investments in 21          are vital. Curiosity-driven basic research has brought truly 22          transformations, such as the rapid growth of computer-based intelligence and the discovery of the genetic basis of life. It also 23          new tools and techniques that spread throughout society, such as the World Wide Web, originally developed for physicists to cultivate scientific cooperation. It 24          the sharpest minds on the toughest challenges, and its products are widely used by industry and society. No one can exclusively capture its rewards—it is a truly 25          good. The path from basic research to applications is not one-directional and linear, but rather it is complex and 26         . The 27          technologies enable even more fundamental discoveries, such as quantum mechanics, which has led to computer chips and other inventions that are responsible for a significant part of the U.S. gross domestic product (GDP). To 28          the full potential of human intellect and imagination, we need to balance short-term expectations with long-term investment. Just as a financial expert would never 29          giving up a retirement fund to enrich an already sufficient checking account, we need to advocate for a balanced portfolio (投资组合) of short- and long-term research initiatives. 30         , driven by decreasing funding, against a background of economic uncertainty, and ever shortening time cycles, research is becoming 31          directed toward short-term goals that may address current problems but miss out on huge advances in the long term. It is human to 32          necessities in times of stress. But investing in basic research, just like saving for retirement, is a prerequisite (先决条件) for 33          welfare, innovation and societal progress. Long-term investments in basic research are crucial and lead to an even higher goal: the global 34          of accepting the scientific culture of accuracy, truth seeking, critical questioning and dialogue, healthy skepticism, 35          for facts and uncertainties, and wonder at the richness of nature and the human spirit. 21. A. construction B. imagination C. knowledge D. freedom 22. A. revolutionary B. synthetic C. biological D. social 23. A. depends on B. consists of C. conflicts with D. leads to 24. A. trains B. questions C. congratulates D. enlightens 25. A. lasting B. temporary C. public D. personal 26. A. careful B. pointless C. direct D. cyclic 27. A. resulting B. surprising C. remaining D. disappointing 28. A. add to B. take up C. set about D. tap into 29. A. postpone B. recommend C. escape D. confess 30. A. Besides B. Namely C. Therefore D. However 31. A. necessarily B. dangerously C. successfully D. mutually 32. A. talk about B. focus on C. point at D. carry out 33. A. ensuring B. considering C. cutting D. reforming 34. A. issues B. benefits C. crisis D. economy 35. A. respect B. fitness C. requirement D. context Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. （A） It is a cold November evening and I am sitting at the top of a tall stepladder in a village hall. On the floor, 16 dogs stare up at me curiously. They are arranged in a square, four by four. I watch through the viewfinder of my video camera. This, I think to myself, could make me famous. I hadn't thought up the idea myself—it all came about at the request of my editor. "We want you to write about viral video," he had told me a couple of weeks earlier. "Go and find out why some videos go viral. What makes people share them?" It sounded straightforward enough. He sent me a link to Charlie Bit My Finger, a video of a baby biting his little brother. It is currently YouTube's most watched video of all time. "I want you to make your own viral and become internet famous," he said. "If this can get 135 million hits, you can do it too." To better understand what makes people share videos, I turned to Judith Donath of MIT, who studies online social networks. She argues that the factors driving people to share stuff over the web are not that different from the reasons apes pick bugs out of each other's fur: it's a way of establishing social bonds. Other researchers have argued that in human societies, language—especially gossip—has taken on the social function of such grooming. Sharing videos through email or within social networks is just the next step. "Sharing online is equivalent to small talk," she says. "It's a little gift of information. It shows I'm thinking of you." Video sharing is also a way of making a statement. "In addition, people use videos as a way of showing their position in the 'information-technology ecology'," Donath says. "A video reflects on the person who sends it." In other words, people will pass on a video if they think it's cool—because it makes them look cool too. I have friends and colleagues who are cool, so I quizzed them for inspiration. Eventually, we hit upon a winning idea. I called it Pets Teach Science. The aim is to demonstrate tricky concepts ranging from quantum physics to chemical structure with the help of man's best friend and other furry companions. 36. The writer is on a ladder at the beginning of the passage because ______. A. some dogs are watching him from below B. someone is filming him with some animals C. he is trying to make a special type of video D. he is observing people making a film 37. What does the writer's editor want him to do? A. To make them both famous. B. To get a film of some rare dogs. C. To investigate the success of video-sharing websites. D. To discover the reasons for the popularity of some videos. 38. The phrase 'such grooming' (in paragraph 3) refers to ______. A. using small talk B. sharing stuff on the web C. looking after each other like animals do D. establishing social networks through gossiping 39. Which of the following does Donath give as a further reason why people share videos? A. People enjoy entertaining their friends. B. People think it gives them a good image. C. People use videos as a statement of their ideas. D. People want to practice their technical skills. （B） Even if the world makes it hard to relax, we all need to find a way to reset and recharge. We go through life thinking we’ve rested because we have gotten enough sleep―but in reality we are missing out on the other types of rest we desperately need. Saundra Dalton-Smith, a physician, outlines different types of rest that are essential for human growth. Physical rest This is the usual definition of rest we’re all familiar with. But while we know we need to spend a decent number of hours in bed to stay healthy, a steady persistent stream of studies shows a large proportion of us still don’t get enough physical rest. Mental rest Always have a tornado of thoughts spinning in your head from the moment you wake up to the moment you finally fall asleep? You need more mental rest, and even if you sleep a solid eight hours a night, you’re not going to feel fully recharged until you get it. “The good news is you don’t have to quit your job or go on vacation to fix this. Schedule short breaks to occur every two hours throughout your workday. These breaks can remind you to slow down. You might also keep a notepad by the bed to write down any painful thoughts that would keep you awake,” suggests Dalton-Smith. Sensory rest Staring at screens all day and all night means your eyes never get a proper rest, but this isn’t the only reason many of us never give our senses a break. Noisy cities, sharp sound announcements and loud music all contribute to constant sensory stimulation. Your brain needs a rest now and again. Consciously close your eyes and give yourself the gift of silence for short periods throughout the day. Emotional rest This “means having the time and space to freely express your feelings and cut back on people-pleasing,” Dalton-Smith explains. “Emotional rest also requires the courage to be genuine. An emotionally rested person can answer the question, ‘How are you today?’ with a truthful ‘I’m not okay’—and then go on to share some hard things that otherwise go unsaid.” In other words, we all need the space to stop pretending for ourselves and others and get real about our feelings. 40. Which of the following statement is true about the types of rest mentioned in the passage? A. Physical rest means lying in bed for a proper period and exercising. B. Mental rest indicates resting every two hours when you’re working. C. Sensory rest means keeping silent frequently and staring at screens. D. Emotional rest means pretending to share private affairs with others. 41. What type of rest do you need most if you’re working with a computer in an office? A. Physical rest B. Mental rest C. Sensory rest D. Emotional rest 42. It can be concluded that if a person feels tired, he should _________. A. try to identify just what sort of rest he’s lacking exactly B. spend some time with those who can energize him C. have the four types of rest mentioned in the passage in order D. have a need to feel connected to something larger than himself （C） A recent study published in the journal Science Advances has revealed that the United States ranks as high as third among countries contributing to coastal plastic pollution. The new research challenges the once-held assumption that the US is adequately “managing” its plastic waste. A previous study using 2010 data that did not account for plastic waste exports had ranked the US 20th, globally, in its contribution to ocean plastic pollution. Using plastic waste generation (产生) data from 2016 — the latest available global numbers — scientists calculated that more than half of all plastics collected for recycling (1.99 million tons of 3.91 million tons collected) in the US were shipped abroad. Of this, 88% of exports went to countries struggling to effectively manage plastics; and between 15-25% was low-value or contaminated (受污染的). It means it was unrecyclable. Taking these factors into account, the researchers estimated that up to 1 million tons of US-generated plastic waste ended up polluting the environment beyond its own borders. Using 2016 data, the paper also estimated that between 0.91 and 1.25 million tons of plastic waste generated in the US was either littered or illegally dumped into the environment domestically. Combined with waste exports, this means the US contributed up to 2.25 million tons of plastics into the environment. Of this, up to 1.5 million tons of plastics ended up in coastal environments. This ranks the US as high as third globally in contributing to coastal plastic pollution. “The US generates the most plastic waste of any country in the world, but rather than looking the problem in the eye, we have outsourced it to developing countries,” said Nick Mallos, senior director of Ocean Conservancy’s Trash Free Seas program and a co-author of the study. “The solution has to start at home. We need to create less, by cutting out unnecessary single-use plastics; we need to create better, by developing innovative new ways to package and deliver goods; and where plastics are inevitable, we need to greatly improve our recycling rates.” “Previous research has provided global values for plastic input into the environment and coastal areas, but detailed analyses like this one are important for individual countries to further assess their contributions,” said Dr. Jenna Jambeck, Distinguished Professor at the University of Georgia’s College of Engineering and a co-author of the study. “In the case of the United States, it is critically important that we examine our own backyard and take responsibility for our global plastic footprint.” 43. Compared with the previous study, the new one _____. A. covers data more comprehensively B. excludes plastic waste shipped abroad C. is contrary to the latest global numbers D. challenges the recycling way of plastics 44. According to 2016 data, what can be learned about the plastic waste generated in the US? A. Over half of it ended up polluting the environment outside the US. B. Most of its exported plastic waste wasn’t worth recycling. C. Less than half of it was actually recycled domestically. D. More of it is littered or illegally dumped than exported. 45. It is implied by Nick Mallos that _____. A. plastic pollution in developing countries is more serious B. US has been irresponsible in dealing with its plastic waste C. US should cooperate with others to handle its plastic waste D. innovative means are needed to eliminate single-use plastics 46. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. Plastic Pollution Great Risk to Marine Life B. US Top Contributor to Coastal Plastic Pollution C. Plastic Waste Major Source of Coastal Pollution D. Recycling Effective Way to Address Plastic Waste Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. The Case Against Frictionless Design A. But the friction we are removing is often doing useful work. B. Convenience, in other words, has a cost that is rarely itemised. C. The first is that a decision made without effort is a decision that is not remembered. D. Designers, unsurprisingly, have argued that this is not their responsibility. E. Speed is not, however, the same thing as ease. F. Yet the designers who remove it are rarely asked to justify the removal. Ask a designer what makes an interface good and the answer will almost certainly involve the word “frictionless”. The ideal, it is said, is a product that asks nothing of the user: no form to read, no choice to weigh, no step to remember. Every second spent hesitating is treated as a defect to be engineered away. 47          Consider what friction does. A confirmation screen before a payment adds four seconds and prevents a category of irreversible mistake. A form that requires you to type an address rather than accept a guess produces records that can actually be used. A settings menu with seven options is more tedious than one with two, and it is also the only version in which a user can discover what the product is doing. 48          The argument is easier to see in the physical world, where nobody pretends that the escalator is always an improvement. A staircase demands effort, and the effort is the point: it is exercise, it slows a crowd, and it can be used when the power fails. Removing it is a decision with consequences, and the decision is normally made by someone who will not have to live with them. 49          There is a second, subtler loss. 50          Where a choice has become a single tap, nothing about it feels like a choice at all, and this is precisely what makes it commercially valuable. The question worth asking of any product is therefore not how little it asks of us, but what it has decided we should not have to think about — and who benefits from that decision. III. Summary Writing Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Air Pollution: How to Protect Yourself Breathing in highly polluted air can have severe consequences. In 2018, Public Health England declared that "poor air quality is the largest environmental risk to public health in the UK". Many people will benefit from reducing their exposure to pollutants. The best long-term plan is to try to clean up the air on a global scale, but that will take a large investment of time and money. So what can we do to protect ourselves? The best way to avoid air pollution is simply to breathe clean air. While many of us can't uproot and move to the countryside, we can at least keep track of the air quality around us. Online real-time air quality maps, like aqicn.org, use data from monitoring sites around the world to track Air Quality Index (AQI). As well as the raw data, the maps also provide colour-coded advice to help guide users. Though the data is limited by the locations of monitoring sites, the maps are still useful, especially for the most vulnerable. Some even provide a forecast. For more detailed data, consider a personal pollution monitor, but be aware that the Air Quality Expert Group advises that personal monitoring devices can't provide accurate long-term data. If you live in London, consider checking the annual air pollution map for the least polluted streets and changing your route accordingly. The surgical-style mask is a common sight in heavily polluted cities. But in terms of blocking particulates (颗粒物), these masks are shockingly inefficient. Though they filter the air, there's no effective seal around the edges, which vastly reduces their effectiveness. That's not to say that wearing a mask isn't worthwhile in general. A 2018 study from the Institute for Occupational Medicine in Edinburgh measured the efficacy of various consumer face masks and found that the key factor in reducing the inhaled particulates isn't the mask's filtration efficiency, but how well it fits. IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 这一幕让年轻的作曲家感受到了大自然的神奇。(enable) 53. 能把内心的 "真" 在公开场合表达出来，这需要怎样的勇气？(take) 54. 她报了 "学说上海话" 的课程，因为她认为要在上海长期生活，就该学会当地方言。(as) 55. 所有春季新品将在这家餐厅的所有分店上市，让更多市民有机会品一品春天的 "限定版" 美食。(available) V. Guided Writing Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 56. 假设你是明启中学高二学生李明，最近你校英语报发起了主题为 "How the campus can be improved" 的征文，你对此话题很感兴趣，写一篇文章投稿，内容包括： (1) 你认为校园哪些场所最需要改进 (一到两个)； (2) 你的改进建议和理由。 第 1 页 / 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $