03-Unit 1 Period Three Learning About Language （Grammar）（课件PPT）-【满分思维】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第一册配套课件（人教版）

Period Three Learning About Language (Grammar) 1 语言精讲 语法探究 语法归纳 课后习题 2 1.conclusion n. 结论;推论 (1)come to/draw/arrive at/reach a conclusion 得出结论 in conclusion (=to conclude) 最后,总之 (2)conclude v. 推断出;结束 conclude sth (from…) (从……中)推断出某事 conclude (from sth) that… (从某事中)推断出…… conclude with…/by doing… 以……结束 ［温馨提示］in conclusion常作为总结语使用,有此用法的其他表达 还有:in short, in brief, in a word, all in all, to sum up, briefly (speaking), on the whole等。 语 言 精 讲 3 【佳句背诵】 (1)After extensive research and analysis, they have drawn a conclusion that perseverance and hard work are key to success. 经过广泛的研究和分析，他们得出结论：坚持不懈和努力工作是成 功的关键。 (2)The concert began with the national anthem and concluded with a piece of soft music. 音乐会以国歌开始,并在一首柔和的乐曲中结束。 语 言 精 讲 4 【活学活用】 ◆单句填空 ①[2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷] Each chapter concludes 　　　　　 a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter.   ②[译林选必二] When we come across such factual differences, we should not rush to the 　　　　　　(conclude) that one of the news reports gives false information.   with conclusion 语 言 精 讲 5 ③The report, ___________(conclude) with a series of recommendations, was presented to the board. concluding 语 言 精 讲 6 ◆完成句子 ④[2022·全国乙卷书面表达] Based on the analysis, we can reasonably ________________________it is necessary for us to consider how to make the fullest use of our spare time to study English. 基于此项分析，我们可以合理地得出这样的结论：我们有必要考虑 如何最充分地利用业余时间来学习英语。 draw the conclusion that 语 言 精 讲 7 ⑤[2024·全国甲卷书面表达] _________________________, these innovations not only enhance our daily lives but also contribute to a greener and more efficient future. 总之，这些新事物不仅提升了我们的日常生活，还为更绿色、更高效 的未来做出了贡献。 In conclusion/To conclude 语 言 精 讲 8 2.flee vi. & vt. (fled, fled) 迅速离开;逃跑 flee the country/city 逃出国家/城市 flee to/into 逃往;逃至 flee from 从……逃出来 语 言 精 讲 9 【佳句背诵】 The customers fled (from) the bank in panic when the alarm sounded. 警报响起时,顾客们惊慌失措地逃离了银行。 语 言 精 讲 10 【活学活用】 ◆单句填空 ①Two years before Dickens’ birth, his mother􀆳s father was caught stealing and 　　　　　(flee) to Europe, never to return.   fled 语 言 精 讲 11 ◆完成句子 ②As the wildfire came closer and closer, the villagers ____________________, their faces filled with panic and desperation.(读后续写之场景描写) 随着野火越来越近，村民们向四面八方逃跑，脸上充满了惊恐与绝望。 fled in all directions 语 言 精 讲 12 ③　　　　　　　　　　 　　, they packed together in a corner, their eyes still wide with fear and their bodies trembling uncontrollably. (读后续写之动作与神态描写)   逃离危险后,他们挤在一个角落里,眼睛仍然因恐惧而睁得大大的, 身体不由自主地颤抖着。 Having fled from the danger 语 言 精 讲 13 3.circumstance n. 条件;环境;状况(常用复数circumstances) in/under the circumstances 在这种情况下 in/under any circumstances 在任何情况下 in/under no circumstances 绝不,无论如何都不(置于 句首时,句子用部分倒装) ［温馨提示］以下短语均表示“绝不”, 置于句首时,句子用部分倒 装:in no case; on no account; in no way; at no time; by no means; on no condition等。 语 言 精 讲 14 【佳句背诵】 Under no circumstances should we ignore the importance of environmental protection. 在任何情况下我们都不应忽视环境保护的重要性。 语 言 精 讲 15 【活学活用】 ◆单句填空 ①_________ the circumstances, it seemed better not to tell him about the accident. In/Under ②There is nothing we can do to help Linda. Her ______________(circumstance) are beyond our control. circumstances 语 言 精 讲 16 ◆完成句子 ③Feeling embarrassed, I reminded myself that ________________ ____________ would I make such a mistake again. 我觉得尴尬极了,我提醒自己绝不会再犯这样的错误了。 in/under no circumstances ④_________________________________________ caused by the typhoon, all outdoor sports competitions scheduled for this weekend will be postponed. (应用文写作之通知) 考虑到台风所造成的特殊情况，原定于本周末举行的所有户外运动 比赛将推迟举行。 Considering/Given the special circumstances 语 言 精 讲 17 阅读以下有关“有成就的人物”的短文，感知加黑部分，并回答其 后的问题。 Sima Qian, ①who was born into a family of historians, is a towering figure in Chinese historiography. His masterpiece, Records of the Grand Historian, ②which took him years to complete, not only records events ③that happened a thousand years ago but also reveals the wisdom and lessons of the past. Sima Qian, ④whose dedication to historical truth was unwavering, endured great hardships. 语 法 探 究 18 Though the prison ⑤<uw>where he was held</uw> was dark and despairing, he continued his writing work because he knew all the sufferings ⑥<uw>he had endured</uw> were worth it. 语 法 探 究 【自主发现】 以上语段中，句③、⑤、⑥为____________从句，其中that为 __________，where为 __________，句⑥省略关系代词that； 句①、②、④为______________从句，其中who、which和whose 均为关系______。 限制性定语 关系代词 关系副词 非限制性定语 代词 语 法 探 究 20 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 一、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别 区别 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 形式 与主句之间不用逗号隔开 与主句之间一般用逗号隔开 功能 对先行词进行限定、修 饰。如果去掉,剩余部分的 意义便不完整、不明确 对先行词做附加说明,去掉后, 句子剩余部分的意思仍然完整、 明确 语 法 归 纳 21 先行词 名词或名词性词组 名词、名词性词组或整个主句 引导词 所有的关系代词/副词 除that和why以外的关系代词/ 副词 翻译 常译成前置定语 常译成并列分句 续表 语 法 归 纳 22 如: I like the book which/that he bought yesterday. 我喜欢他昨天买的那本书。(限制性定语从句, 先行词是the book) He has just come back from New York, which is a very big city in the United States. 他刚从纽约回来, 那是美国的一座大城市。(非限制性定语从句, 先行 词是New York) 语 法 归 纳 23 He changed his mind, which made me very angry. 他改变了主意, 这使我很生气。(非限制性定语从句, 先行词是前面整 句话) ［温馨提示］ 使用非限制性定语从句时,如果先行词指人,可用who, whom或whose来引导;先行词指物,可用which, whose来引导;先行词 表示时间或地点,可用when, where来引导(它们在从句中分别作时间 状语和地点状语)。 语 法 归 纳 24 二、非限制性定语从句中关系词的用法 1.who, whom, whose引导的非限制性定语从句 关系代词 在非限制性定语 从句所作成分 先行词 who 主语、宾语或表语 人 whom 宾语;介词后用whom 人 whose 定语 人: whose+n.=the+n.+of whom 物:whose+n.=the+n.+of which 语 法 归 纳 25 如: Our guide, who was a French Canadian, was an excellent cook. 我们的向导, 一个法裔加拿大人, 是一个优秀的厨师。 Mr Smith, from whom I have learned a lot, is a famous scientist. 史密斯先生是一位著名的科学家, 我从他那里学了很多东西。 The books on the desk, whose covers are shiny, are prizes for us. 桌子上的书是给我们的奖品, 书的封皮很亮。 语 法 归 纳 26 2.which,as引导的非限制性定语从句 区别 which as 指代 引导的从句既可指代整个主句的内容, 又可指代主句的一部分 引导的从句只能指代整个主句的内容 位置 引导的从句不能位于主句之前 可位于主句之前、之中或之后 意义 这, 那 正如 语 法 归 纳 27 如: Water, which is a clear liquid, has many uses. 水是一种清澈的液体, 有许多用途。 Our country has sent up another man-made earth satellite, as is reported in the news. 正如新闻上报道的那样, 我们国家又发射了一颗人造地球卫星。 语 法 归 纳 28 3.when, where引导的非限制性定语从句 关系副词 在非限制性定语 从句所作成分 指代 when 时间状语 主句中表示时间的词语 where 地点状语 主句中表示地点的词语 when/where有时可以换成“介词+which” 。 语 法 归 纳 29 如: It was on the Mid-Autumn Festival, when all family members reunite, that I left my hometown for a strange city alone. 正是在中秋节这个阖家团圆的日子,我独自离开家乡去了一个陌生 的城市。 语 法 归 纳 30 In rural areas, where ambulances can take a relatively long time to arrive, the phone boxes have taken on a life-saving role. 在农村地区, 救护车要花相对长的时间到达, 电话亭就承担了挽救 生命的角色。 I left on Sunday, when/on which everyone was at home. 我星期日离开了, 当时每个人都在家。 语 法 归 纳 31 4.“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 在“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中, 关系代词用whom指人, 用 which指物。如: They were badly hurt in the earthquake, as a result of which they didn't go to school. 他们在地震中受了重伤, 因此他们没有去上学。 We are short of two people, without whom we will need three more days to finish the work. 我们缺少两个人, 没有他们, 我们还需要三天的时间来完成这项工作。 语 法 归 纳 32 【实战演练】 Ⅰ单句填空 1.[2025·全国一卷] An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, 　　　　　 originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. which 语 法 归 纳 33 2.[2025·全国二卷] I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, 　　　　　 bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains.  3.[2024·新课标Ⅱ卷] Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, 　　　　　　is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia”, add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown.   where who 语 法 归 纳 34 4.[2024·全国甲卷] Yellowstone was the largest United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, 　　　　　 became a national monument in 1978, took the honours as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.   5.[2024·浙江1月考] Of course, shops are not charities—they price goods in the way 　　　 　 will make them the most money.   6.[2023·全国甲卷] Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, 　　　　　 Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”.   which that/which as 语 法 归 纳 35 7.[2023·全国甲卷] “There was once a town in the heart of America 　　　　　　 all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age-old fables.   8.[2023·全国乙卷] But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place 　　　　　 welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.   where which/that 语 法 归 纳 36 9.[2023·全国乙卷] The colour she chose came in a box which had a picture of a woman 　　　　 hair colour looked just perfect.   10.[2022·全国乙卷] Just see how cars have taken over our cities. They often run at high speeds, 　　　　　 may put our lives in danger.   whose which 语 法 归 纳 37 Ⅱ语法与写作(定语从句) 1.We will hold a dragon boat race on the river near our school, ___________________________________________________________ ________. 我们将在我们学校附近的河上举行龙舟比赛，这是促进我们学生之 间关系的一个好方法。 which is a good way to promote the relationship among us students 2.I am interested in all kinds of music, _______________________ ____________. 我对各种各样的音乐都感兴趣,其中爵士乐是我的最爱。 among which jazz is my favourite 语 法 归 纳 38 3.There are a variety of traditional crafts on show, ____________ ___________________________________. 有各种各样的传统工艺品展出，其中一些可以追溯到古代中国。 some of which can date back to ancient China 4.By attending the courses, some basic and practical skills will be mastered, ____________________________. 通过参加这些课程，我们将掌握一些基本的实用技能，这对于成长 有益。 which is beneficial to growth 语 法 归 纳 39 5.___________________, the activity will take place at 8:00 am on Saturday at the gate of our school. 按照规划，这个活动将于周六早上八点在学校门口举办。 As is scheduled 语 法 归 纳 40 Ⅲ 语篇填空(定语从句关系词专练) Derwent Hotel Keswick, 1.　　　　　 lies at the heart of the Lake District, is the best place for a holiday. And the Derwent Hotel, 2.　　　 　　　 overlooks the town, is the place to stay at. The street, 3._______ the hotel lies, is quiet and clean. Most people get up late in the morning on weekends, 4.______ the cleaners still have much work to do. The cleaners keep the street clean and beautiful. which which where when 语 法 归 纳 41 Peter and Debbie Jackson, 5._____ bought this small hotel three years ago, have already won a lot of praise for excellence. Peter, 6._______ cooking interests people from far and wide, was once “Young Chef of the Year”. The guests, 7.___________ the owners treat almost as members of the family, always come first. Omar and Sharif, 8._____ once stayed at the hotel, said it was “great”. And the Lake District, 9._______ has so much wonderful scenery, will not disappoint you. Derwent Hotel is one of the best hotels 10._____ you will not forget. who whose whom/who who which that 语 法 归 纳 课 后 习 题 43 Ⅰ 单句填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分) 1.Personally, I prefer to work in a team, _______ offers me a chance to learn how to get along with others. which 2.They just busied themselves in playing their cellphones, totally ignoring their grandpa, _____ let out a deep sigh and left the party. who 3.We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, ______ the weather may be better. when 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 课 后 习 题 44 4.The Summer Camp, ____ is scheduled, will last 7 days, during which time many interesting activities are arranged. as 5.Later, he worked in Africa, _______ many people suffered from blindness for lack of proper treatment. where 6.The participants in the environmental project, most of _______ were middle school students, met at the Olympic Forest Park. whom 7.Mr Zhang, _______ daughter was admitted into Tsinghua University, was overjoyed and threw a grand celebration party. whose 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 课 后 习 题 45 8.There are diverse traditional Chinese art forms, __________ which paper-cutting is one of the most popular. among/of 9.Our school offers a variety of after-school activities, ______ which we all benefit a lot. from 10.I'm writing to explain to you the reason _____ I was absent from your lecture last time. why 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 课 后 习 题 46 Ⅱ 语法与写作(每小题3分，满分15分) 1.He has a good knowledge of French, ______________________ ____________________________________ when he travels in France. (which) 他法语学得很好,这使他在法国旅行时能和法国人自如地交流。 which enables him to communicate freely with French people 2.I live next door to a couple _______________________________ ___________. (whose) 我住在一对夫妻的隔壁,他们的孩子们经常制造很多噪声。 whose children often make a lot of noise 3.She graduated from a local high school, ____________________ ________________________. (代词+关系代词)  她毕业于当地的一所高中,之后她去了北京大学。 after which she went to Peking University 1 2 3 4 5 课 后 习 题 47 4.Many young people, _________________________________, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams. (代词+介词+ 关系代词) 很多年轻人都去了偏远地区追寻自己的梦想,他们中大部分都受过良 好的教育。 most of whom were well-educated 5.__________________, the main purpose of school education is to prepare students for their future. (as) 众所周知,学校教育的主要目的是让学生做好准备应对未来。 As is known to all 1 2 3 4 5 课 后 习 题 48 Ⅲ 阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分10分) [2026·山东高二期中联考] John Hopfield from Princeton University in the US and Geoffrey Hinton from the University of Toronto, two early AI developers, won Nobel Prizes in Physics. The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences gave them the award because they helped create methods that are the base for today’s powerful machine learning. 1 2 3 4 课 后 习 题 49 Hinton is called the godfather of AI for his work in machine learning. Asked about the potential significance of the technology his research has helped to develop, he said AI will have a “huge influence” on our society. But we also have to worry about a number of possible bad consequences, particularly the threat to humans, he warned. The Nobel Committee also mentioned the fears and said humans should use AI safely and make it morally acceptable. 1 2 3 4 课 后 习 题 Hopfield developed the “Hopfield network”, an artificial neural network that can find and store patterns in information in a way that mimics (模仿) the brain in the 1980s. After Hopfield published his book, Hinton expanded it using ideas from statistical physics and developed the earliest form of machine learning, called the “Boltzmann machine”. “Thanks to their work from the 1980s, AI has become part of our daily lives, from facial recognition to language translation,” said Ellen Moons, chair of the Nobel Committee for Physics. 1 2 3 4 课 后 习 题 Hinton had an unconventional background as a psychologist (心理学家) and was really curious about how the mind works, said Nick Frosst, who was Hinton’s first hire at Google’s AI division in Toronto. “His interest in answering basic questions I think is crucial to his success as a scientist,” Frosst said. “He’s been always trying out crazy things and some of them work very well and some of them don’t,” Frosst said. 1 2 3 4 课 后 习 题 “For a long time, people thought what my team and I were doing was meaningless,” Hinton said in an interview. “My message to young researchers is, don’t be put off if everyone tells you what you are doing is silly.” 【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了人工智能先驱约翰· 霍普菲尔德和杰弗里·辛顿因奠定机器学习基础而获得诺贝尔物理学奖, 并探讨了AI发展的影响、伦理担忧及研究者的精神。 1 2 3 4 课 后 习 题 53 ( )1. Why did John Hopfield and Geoffrey Hinton win the Nobel Prize in Physics? A.They designed the great advanced AI robot. B.They made a breakthrough in basic physics. C.They laid a foundation for machine learning. D.They were the pioneers to develop computers. √ 1 2 3 4 课 后 习 题 54 1 2 3 4 [解析] 细节理解题。根据第一段“The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences gave them the award because they helped create methods that are the base for today’s powerful machine learning.” 可知,二人 获奖是因为他们创造的方法为如今强大的机器学习奠定了基础。 故选 C 项。 课 后 习 题 ( )2. What should be a major concern for AI according to the Nobel Committee? A.To make strict rules to fight AI. B.To work out technical difficulties. C.To popularize the knowledge of AI. D.To develop safe and responsible AI. √ 1 2 3 4 课 后 习 题 56 1 2 3 4 [解析] 细节理解题。根据第二段“The Nobel Committee also mentioned the fears and said humans should use AI safely and make it morally acceptable.”可知,诺贝尔委员会认为人工智能应是安全且符合伦理的, 即发展安全且负责任的人工智能。故选 D 项。 课 后 习 题 ( )3. What led to Hinton’s success according to Nick Frosst? A.His performance in other research fields. B.His strong interest in how the mind works. C.His constant pursuit of unconventional views. D.His desire to explore the nature of problems. √ 1 2 3 4 课 后 习 题 58 [解析] 推理判断题。根据第四段Nick Frosst的评价“His interest in answering basic questions I think is crucial to his success as a scientist…” 可知,辛顿对解答基本问题(即探索问题本质)的兴趣是其成功的关键。 故选 D 项。 1 2 3 4 课 后 习 题 59 ( )4. What is Hinton’s suggestion for young researchers? A.Hold firm to your principles. B.Face pressure with courage. C.Innovate to ensure success. D.Adjust to the environment. √ 1 2 3 4 课 后 习 题 60 [解析] 推理判断题。根据最后一段辛顿的话“My message to young researchers is, don’t be put off if everyone tells you what you are doing is silly.”可知,他建议年轻研究者若受到他人质疑,不要轻易退缩, 即要勇敢面对压力。故选 B 项。 1 2 3 4 课 后 习 题 61 Ⅳ 阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) Being the BEST: common qualities of Nobel Prize winners Once again, we celebrate the Nobel Prize winners and how they expand our knowledge, improve our planet, and enrich our lives. These awards have showed some intellectuals do contribute substantially to advancing our progress. 1.___. D 1 2 3 4 5 课 后 习 题 62 Thinking outside the box 2.___. It allows us to look past and think ahead. The limit of knowledge is our inability to observe the world and ideas in a new way. Albert Einstein, for example, needed to see beyond the Newtonian understanding of the universe to rewrite the concepts of physics. Nobel Prize winners frequently display enormous amounts of open-mindedness. C 1 2 3 4 5 课 后 习 题 63 Acting with persistence People somehow get the false impression that breakthroughs happen during a sudden moment of understanding. A light shines on their face, music bursts into the background, and the person immediately discovers some previously hidden answer. Although this scene is wonderful for movies, usually gaining new understandings is a much more complicated process. 3.___. Those who win Nobel Prize persist when others give up. Only those with enormous amounts of persistence can work past these obstacles. E 1 2 3 4 5 课 后 习 题 64 4.___ Cooperation motivates us, and allows us to consider alternative ideas. These activities create an atmosphere of creation and learning. Additionally, many Nobel Prizes are awarded to multiple people, since the work was accomplished by an assortment (各式各样) of intellectuals working together. These traits exist as similarities among Nobel Prize winners. 5.___. However, even if you do not achieve this admirable goal, you will indeed have a much greater chance of success in whatever you pursue. A F 1 2 3 4 5 课 后 习 题 65 A.Working in groups B.Considering alternative ideas C.Creativity is one of the most important human resources D.As for us, we can still learn from the common qualities of the winners E.Years of devotion, frustration, and even failure usually come before success 1 2 3 4 5 课 后 习 题 66 F.Of course, displaying these qualities does not mean certainly winning a Nobel Prize G.The Nobel Prizes are the most significant awards given for extraordinary achievements 【文章大意】 本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了诺贝尔奖得主的 共同品质,并激励我们学习这些品质从而取得成功。 1 2 3 4 5 课 后 习 题 67 1.___ D [解析] 根据上文“These awards have shown some intellectuals do contribute substantially to advancing our progress.”可知, 知识分子 为人类的进步做出了重大贡献。 而下文则提到了这些知识分子的 一些品质。选项D “As for us, we can still learn from the common qualities of the winners”承上启下, 引出下文所列举的这些品质。 故选D。 1 2 3 4 5 课 后 习 题 68 2.___ C [解析] 根据下文内容“It allows us to look past and think ahead. The limit of knowledge is our inability to observe the world and ideas in a new way…Nobel Prize winners frequently display enormous amounts of open-mindedness.”可知,本段主要讲述的是这些获奖者通常有创造 性思维,对思想表现出极大的包容心。选项C“Creativity is one of the most important human resources”与下文内容一致,说明了创造力的 重要性。故选C。 1 2 3 4 5 课 后 习 题 69 3.___ E [解析] 根据空后“Those who win the Nobel Prize persist when others give up. Only those with enormous amounts of persistence can work past these obstacles.”可知,诺贝尔奖获得者通常会在别人放弃的时候 坚持下去。选项E“Years of devotion, frustration, and even failure usually come before success”在内容上和空前“Although this scene is wonderful for movies, usually gaining new understandings is a much more complicated process.”一致,指的是成功是一个复杂的过程,同时 也引出下文内容:成功离不开坚持不懈。故选E。 1 2 3 4 5 课 后 习 题 70 4.___ A [解析] 空处为小标题,概括本段主要内容。根据下文“Cooperation motivates us, and allows us to consider alternative ideas. These activities create an atmosphere of creation and learning. Additionally, many Nobel Prizes are awarded to multiple people, since the work was accomplished by an assortment (各式各样) of intellectuals working together.”可知,本段主要讲述的是团体工作是非常重要的。 选项A“Working in groups”与下文内容一致,说明能与人合作是一个 良好的品质。故选A。 1 2 3 4 5 课 后 习 题 71 5.___ F [解析] 根据空前“These traits exist as similarities among Nobel Prize winners.”可知,诺贝尔奖获得者拥有上文提到的品质。选项F“Of course, displaying these qualities does not mean certainly winning a Nobel Prize”延续上文内容,指的是虽然诺贝尔奖获得者拥有这些品质,但是 并不是说拥有这些品质就可以获得诺贝尔奖,同时引出下文“However, even if you do not achieve this admirable goal, you will indeed have a much greater chance of success in whatever you pursue.”,即便不能 获得诺贝尔奖,我们也可以学习这些品质,帮助自己成功。故选F。 1 2 3 4 5 课 后 习 题 72 Ⅴ 语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分) [2026·江西临川一中高二期中考试] Huang Xuhua, called “Father of Nuclear Submarines”, passed away in Feb. 2025. Born in 1926 in Guangdong, he witnessed China’s struggles during foreign invasions, 1.　　　　 shaped his determination to strengthen the country through science. When China launched its nuclear submarine programme in the 1950s, Huang immediately answered the call 2.　　　　　　 limited technology and resources. which 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 despite 课 后 习 题 73 To ensure secrecy, he cut contact with his family for decades, 3.　　　　　　 (devote) himself entirely to research. The team faced various 4.　　　　 (challenge). Their most critical task was achieving underwater stability through repeated trials.   After two decades of efforts, China successfully tested its first nuclear submarine in the 1970s, becoming the fifth country 5.　　　　　　 (master) this technology. Huang continued advancing submarine systems until his 6.　　　　　　 (retire). His 7.　　 　　 (remark) contributions earned him the Medal of the Republic in 2019. devoting challenges to master 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 retirement　 remarkable 课 后 习 题 Huang’s life teaches us that true progress 8.　　　　　 (require) both wisdom and devotion. Young people should embrace his spirit by taking social responsibilities, facing difficulties 9.　　　　　　 (brave), and keeping national interests above personal needs. It is only through such dedication 10.　　　　　　 we can ensure his pioneering spirit lives on, lighting China’s path towards rejuvenation (复兴).   requires bravely that 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了“核潜艇之父”黄旭华的 生平事迹,他为中国核潜艇事业奉献一生,隐姓埋名数十年攻克技术难关, 推动中国成为第五个掌握核潜艇技术的国家,其精神为后人树立了榜样。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 课 后 习 题 75 1._________ which [解析] 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是前面整个 句子,关系词在从句中作主语,需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 2.__________ despite [解析] 考查介词。结合句意,limited technology and resources是转折 让步语境,空后为名词短语,需用介词despite“尽管”连接,表让步关系。 故填despite。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 课 后 习 题 76 3.___________ devoting [解析] 考查非谓语动词。此句是非谓语动词作状语,he和devote为 主谓关系,需用现在分词作状语。故填devoting。 4.____________ challenges [解析] 考查名词复数。challenge为可数名词,前面有various“各种 各样的”修饰,需用复数形式,作宾语。故填challenges。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 课 后 习 题 77 5.______________ to master [解析] 考查非谓语动词。序数词词组the fifth后面需用动词不定式 作后置定语,修饰country。故填to master。 6._____________ retirement [解析] 考查名词。此处his为形容词性物主代词,后面需接名词形式, retire的名词形式是retirement,故填retirement。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 课 后 习 题 78 7.______________ remarkable [解析] 考查形容词。修饰名词contributions,需用形容词作定语,remark 的形容词形式为remarkable,意为“杰出的、显著的”。故填remarkable。 8.__________ requires [解析] 考查动词时态和主谓一致。此处陈述客观真理,用一般现在时, 主语progress为不可数名词,谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。 故填requires。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 课 后 习 题 79 9.__________ bravely [解析] 考查副词。修饰动词facing,需用副词bravely。故填bravely。 10.______ that [解析] 考查强调句型。此处为强调句型“It is+被强调部分+that/ who…”,被强调部分为only through such dedication,需用that引导。 故填that。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 课 后 习 题 80 $