上海复旦大学附属中学2023-2024学年第一学期高二年级英语学科1月第二次阶段性教学质量评估试卷

复旦大学附属中学2023学年第一学期 高二年级英语学科1月第二次阶段性教学质量评估试卷　答案 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A 1. for 2. has been 3. looking 4. that 5. which 6. to help 7. but 8. was delayed 9. could 10. Exhausted Section B 11. F 12. I 13. D 14. B 15. J 16. H 17. G 18. C 19. K 20. E II. Reading Comprehension Section A 21. A 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. C 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. C Section B 36. A 37. B 38. D 39. A 40. A 41. C 42. D 43. B 44. C 45. A 46. C Section C 47. B 48. F 49. D 50. E III. Summary Writing 51. Discovered in 1974, the Terracotta Army is an underground army of life-sized clay soldiers and horses built for China's first emperor to protect him in the afterlife. Each soldier has unique facial features and serves as valuable evidence of ancient Chinese military tactics and social structures. Many underground mysteries, like precious treasures and complex traps, remain for scientists to explore. IV. Translation 52. There is no doubt that adequate preparation will increase your chances of success. 53. The teacher was pleased to see the students absorbed in the project. 54. No matter how great the difficulties are, he always finds means to fulfill his promise. 55. Not until the teacher pointed it out did I realize the flaw in the plan. V. Guided Writing 56. Dear Tom, I am thrilled to hear from you, and I am more than happy to share how our school ensured our academic progress during the COVID-19 pandemic. First and foremost, our school rapidly transitioned to a comprehensive online teaching platform. Teachers utilized various interactive video conferencing tools to deliver live lectures, ensuring that our education was not interrupted despite the physical closure of the campus. Secondly, the school adopted flexible assessment methods and prioritized our mental well-being. Assignments were adjusted to be more manageable, and professional psychological counselors were made available online to alleviate our anxiety. Personally, I found these measures incredibly reassuring. Although it was challenging to adapt to the virtual environment initially, the dedication of our teachers and the supportive online community made me feel safe and motivated. Yours, Li Ming 第 1 页 / 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 复旦大学附属中学2023学年第一学期 高二年级英语学科1月第二次阶段性教学质量评估试卷 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Rising to the Challenge Cyclists must dig deep to complete what’s been called the toughest climb in the world. They race up to Wuling Peak to the finish line in the King of the Mountain (KOM) Challenge. Every October some of the world’s best cyclists battle 1          the title. Starting at sea level, the route climbs to a height of 3,275 meters at the end, covering 105 kilometers. Ever since I started cycling seven years ago, completing the KOM climb 2          (be) a goal of mine. Every year I thought that I needed to prepare for it and used that as my excuse. But 3          (look) back, I realize I would have been fine. Cycling uphill was no problem for me then—it was thrilling. Now it’s exhausting. Last summer I finally decided to take on Wuling with some friends. Our 89-kilometer route started at the base of the mountain and was a little shorter than the official KOM race. But it’s the final 10 kilometers 4          are the most demanding: This is the steepest part, 5          makes the climb so hard. We began early in the morning as a group of 17 riders. But only three of us would make it to the top. A support car was necessary, especially on a ride like this, 6          (help) keep us energetic. The first part of the ride went through Taroko Valley, a magnificent park. I’ve hiked there, 7          I’ve always wanted to bike it. I saw dramatic rocky outcrops, canyons, waterfalls and forests as I zipped through the valley and up the mountain road. Even though it was August, the weather was perfect. Unfortunately, the support car that carried our lunch 8          (delay). By the time it arrived, I was starving. Being drained of energy even for that short time affected the rest of my ride. When the hard last 10 kilometers arrived, I really struggled to complete them. At one point I 9          see how close the top of the peak was, but it still felt so far away. Fortunately, determination carried me to the finish. 10          (exhaust), I conquered Wuling! What a tremendous feeling! Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. awarded B. contemporary C. demand D. emitted E. explore F. exposure G. inevitable H. protective I. tragic J. undertake K. unmatched Praise for Pioneers in Science In memory of Marie Curie on her birthday on Saturday, the official website of the Nobel Prize posted a photograph of her notebook saying, “Marie Curie died of aplastic anaemia (再生障碍性贫血) on 4 July 1934, a result of years of 11         to radiation through her work. Even today her laboratory notebook from 1899-1902 is radioactive and will be for 1,500 years.” The tales of Marie and other scientists of her time are in some sense very 12         . Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen, a professor of physics at the Wuerzburg University in Germany, discovered X-rays in 1895. A year later, Antoine Henri Becquerel found that some natural substances 13         rays, too. Later, Marie and her physicist husband, Pierre Curie, gave it a name, radioactivity. However, the harmful effects of radioactivity were not discovered until decades later. Marie and her 14         scientists dealt with radioactive substances for decades using little or no protection. Marie’s death is a reminder about the risks pioneers in science 15         . It was only after people handling radioactive substances began to get similar diseases that medical experts asked people to use protection. Today, medical health workers and patients wear heavy 16         covers during X-rays. It is almost 17         that those exploring new frontiers (前沿) for science are exposing themselves to unknown dangers. There is a(n) 18         for better protection for the pioneers, but that is not possible until the dangers are fully known. For example, the spacesuits astronauts wear protect them against radiation. However, only time will tell if there are some other unknown dangers that they need to protect themselves against. The contributions and sacrifices by such pioneers to the field of science are 19         and deserving of our respect, because the pioneers not only 20         new frontiers, but also help us better protect ourselves from unknown environments. II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. The Cost of Being Certain Certainty is comfortable. It saves us the trouble of thinking again, and it makes us feel that we know where we stand — a feeling that is 21          in itself. That is precisely why it is dangerous. We pay a 22          price for that comfort. When a belief becomes part of who we are rather than a working guess about the world, we stop 23          it, and the machinery that was supposed to keep us honest quietly shuts down. Psychologists describe the problem in terms of identity. A fact is something you can be 24         ; an identity is something you must defend. The moment a claim about the world is welded to a claim about ourselves, evidence that contradicts it stops functioning as evidence and starts functioning as an attack. This is why 25          data so often strengthens the belief it was meant to correct: the person who feels attacked digs in. The mechanism is not confined to politics. It shows up in medicine, where a 26          held diagnosis resists contrary test results; in business, where a leader’s commitment to a failing strategy grows with the money already spent; and in ordinary family life, where the argument that has been running for ten years is no longer about the original question at all. What such disputes share is not stubbornness but a 27          of interest. There is also a social 28         . Groups reward agreement and quietly demote the member who keeps raising objections, so the most confident voice in the room tends to be the one that has been least tested. The result is a body of shared certainty that has never been exposed to the outside. What can be done is less dramatic than it sounds. The most 29          remedy is vocabulary: describing a view as “my current best guess” rather than “what I believe” leaves a gap through which new evidence can enter. A second is to 30          the practice of stating, in advance, what would change your mind; a prediction that cannot be falsified is not a prediction but a slogan. A third is to notice the emotion. Certainty rarely arrives alone; it arrives accompanied by irritation when questioned, and that irritation is the 31          that something has been welded to your sense of self. None of this argues for a life of 32         . Suspending judgement is a technique, not a destination, and the person who can never commit to anything is as badly served as the one who commits 33         . Nor is the middle course easy to hold: the appetite for certainty is 34         , and it reasserts itself whenever we are tired or frightened. The aim is simply to keep the door to revision 35         , and to treat being shown to be wrong as a piece of good luck rather than a humiliation. That is harder than it sounds, and it is, after all, the only way to learn anything at all. 21. A. testing B. keeping C. gaining D. enjoying 22. A. small B. fair C. hidden D. heavy 23. A. testing B. defending C. sharing D. recording 24. A. convinced B. wrong about C. indifferent to D. surprised at 25. A. confirming B. statistical C. contradictory D. private 26. A. reluctantly B. firmly C. hastily D. quietly 27. A. lack B. excess C. conflict D. transfer 28. A. contract B. currency C. sanction D. dimension 29. A. expensive B. ordinary C. technical D. modest 30. A. abandon B. adopt C. ridicule D. conceal 31. A. reward B. cure C. symptom D. excuse 32. A. uncertainty B. discipline C. enquiry D. compromise 33. A. reluctantly B. wisely C. constantly D. prematurely 34. A. temporary B. rational C. powerful D. harmless 35. A. closed B. locked C. ajar D. guarded Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. （A） Like expensive watches that never break, the world's best airports can be boring. You land, move through passport control and check into a hotel within minutes. The experience is pleasant, but not memorable. The worst airports have more character. To adapt Tolstoy, lovely airports are all alike, but every wretched airport is wretched in its own way. To work out which is the world's worst airport, we conducted a survey of our correspondents who travelled a lot. It attracted more, and more passionate, responses than nearly any other internal survey we have done. Although each awful airport is unique, four themes occur again and again: danger, bullying (霸凌) by officials, theft and delay. Sometimes, all these enhance each other. For example, it takes ages to get through Lubumbashi airport (in the Democratic Republic of Congo) because security officials slow things down in the hope that passengers will give them "un cadeau" to hurry up. If you hand over $1, they let you board without your bags getting checked at all. Such deals make air travel in places like Congo slower, riskier, costlier and much more unpleasant. Air travellers make tempting targets for thieves. They are rich enough to afford an air ticket, which in many places makes them rich indeed. They carry luggage, some of it valuable. They are often far from home and unfamiliar with local rules. And airports are full of choke points through which travellers must pass if they are to board their planes, creating opportunities for dishonest officials to charge them. The ones in Manila are especially creative. Some have been known to plant bullets in luggage so they can "find" them and demand money not to have the owners arrested. Rules change at borders, and some airport officials enforce them mindlessly. One correspondent recalls that in Santiago, Chile: "I once got detained for two hours for failing to declare an unopened, sealed bag of almonds. I then had to write a declaration expressing my regret for bringing the nuts. When I failed to do so without cracking up I was threatened with arrest. The lady next to me was being interrogated for carrying a lone banana.” Poor countries have an excuse for poor airports. Rich countries do not, which is perhaps why travellers are particularly annoyed to find grottiness (恶心) in, say, Brussels, the heart of the European Union. Our Charlemagne columnist writes of Charleroi, its second airport: "It is dirty and crowded, and has terrible food. The planes leave and land at unreasonable hours. And the only real way into town is a coach that runs every 30 minutes and is frequently overbooked: more than once I've queued in the rain only to see it drive off as I reach the front." 36. The last sentence of the first paragraph implies that A. each bad airport is unique B. good airports are hard to find C. awful airports have a lot in common D. the world's best airports are not that good 37. Lubumbashi airport is mentioned in paragraph 3 in order to A. explain how delay occurs in African airports B. illustrate how the four themes are interrelated C. argue against the necessity of airport security officials D. give an example of what $1 means to people in Congo 38. The phrase "choke points" (paragraph 4) is closest in meaning to "____". A. agents B. passengers C. stores D. barriers 39. What can be learned about Charleroi? A. It is located in a rich country. B. It used to be dirty and crowded. C. It used to be close to the city center. D. It is the country's second largest airport. （B） A postcard is a lovely way to share your thoughts and greetings with someone while you're traveling or simply want to reach out and connect. Below is a detailed set of instructions outlining the process of composing a postcard: (1) Select a postcard: Choose a postcard that represents the place you're visiting or one that has a design that agrees with your message. (2) Address the recipient: Start by writing the recipient's name on the left side of the postcard. You can include their full name or just their first name, depending on your relationship with them. (3) Add an opening greeting: Begin the message with a friendly greeting, such as "Dear", "Hi", or "Hello". Use the recipient's name if you have a close relationship with them. (4) Write a concise message: Keep your message brief and focus on the highlights of your trip or the purpose of your communication. Here are a few ideas to get you started: Describe the sights and experiences: Share a few interesting details about the places you've visited, the activities you've enjoyed, or any unique experiences you've had. Express your thoughts and feelings: Share your impressions, emotions, or reflections about the location, the people you've met, or the overall atmosphere. Share a funny or memorable event: If something amusing or noteworthy happened during your trip, include it to make the postcard more engaging. Extend warm wishes: Convey your best wishes or send greetings for a specific occasion like a birthday or holiday. Show the recipient that you're thinking of them. (5) Sign off: End your postcard with a closing remark and your name. You can use phrases like "Best regards", "Warm wishes", or "Thinking of you". Remember to sign your name below the closing. (6) Optional: Add a postscript (P.S.): If you have any additional thoughts, trivia, or recommendations, you can include a P.S. below your signature. It's a great way to add a personal touch to your postcard. Remember, the charm of a postcard lies in its simplicity and personal touch. Enjoy the process of writing and sharing your message, and let the recipient know they are in your thoughts wherever you may be. 40. The passage is mainly intended to A. tell readers how to write a postcard B. comment on the value of postcards C. give an example of a charming postcard D. encourage readers to compose more postcards 41. According to the writer, what must be included in a postcard? A. A postscript. B. A future plan. C. What you like most about the trip. D. What you regret in the trip. 42. According to the writer, which of the following is true of a postcard? A. It has to be written in an amusing way. B. It should include an invitation to the recipient. C. It must have the image of the place you're visiting. D. It ought to incorporate an individualized connection. （C） A new study, which found that eating ultra-processed food (like fish fingers, fizzy drinks and ready meals) could increase the risk of death, made for alarming headlines. The Sun told us that "just four portions of processed food a day could kill you", while The Telegraph said that ultra-processed foods "could increase the risk of early death by 60 per cent". As is often the case, the research is well-designed and alarming. What's more, the news coverage is not exactly false. The problem is that the numbers driving the headlines are hard to interpret, and seem more frightening than they are. Let's unpack what the evidence means in this case. Spanish researchers followed roughly 20,000 students over 14 years, using questionnaires to estimate how many portions of ultra-processed food they were eating every day. They found that those who ate the most ultra-processed foods had a 62 per cent increased risk of death from any cause, compared with those who ate the least. If we assume the conclusions are accurate, then a 62 per cent increased risk of death sounds pretty shocking. But what does it mean? Let's imagine two friends—Wanda and Winona. They're both around 50, the same weight, do the same amount of exercise, have the same family histories of disease, but not the same habits or lifestyle. Wanda is keen on instant noodles, fish fingers and fizzy drinks, while Winona prefers steamed vegetables and wholemeal bread. Each one faces an annual risk of death, whose technical name is their 'hazard'. The key statistic reported in the Spanish study was a hazard ratio of 1.62. This means that, for two people like Wanda and Winona who are similar apart from their different diets, the one with the risk factor—Wanda—has a 62 per cent increased annual risk of death over the follow-up period (around 14 years in the Spanish study). It's tempting to interpret this as meaning that Wanda's life is going to be 62 per cent shorter than Winona's, but that's not what's going on. Crucially, the risk of dying in any one year for the average person is pretty low, so a 62 per cent annual increase in risk of death may not be as alarming as it sounds. In the UK, for example, the average annual risk of death for 50-year-old women is around 0.2 per cent, which means you might expect 2 in every 1,000 women like Winona to die each year. A 62 per cent increase on that number gives around a 0.3 per cent annual risk of death, which would be 3 in every 1,000 women like Wanda. The difference, 1 in 1,000, sounds a lot less alarming than the 62 per cent which made the headlines. 43. What does the writer imply about the increased risk of death covered in the news? A. It reflects people's ignorance of what makes a healthy diet. B. The interpretation of it needs to be put into perspective. C. It is a conclusion drawn from a poorly designed study. D. The understanding of it varies from country to country. 44. What did the Spanish researchers do in their study? A. They divided the students into two groups. B. They collected the data by means of interviews. C. They followed the subjects for more than a decade. D. They made up two friends named Wanda and Winona. 45. According to the writer, why is it that the 62 per cent annual increase in risk of death may not be that alarming? A. The chance of dying in a year for the average person is relatively minimal. B. It is based on the data that the Spanish researchers collected 14 years ago. C. The relevant study has failed to take other factors into consideration. D. People in the UK are becoming more and more health-conscious. 46. What can be concluded from the passage? A. The news coverage ought to be as objective as possible. B. There needs to be more evidence for the increase in risk of death. C. The harm done by ultra-processed food is not as serious as reported. D. There should be regulations on the production of ultra-processed food. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. The Magic of Folk Tales A. They told wonderful stories about heroes and magic creatures. B. These stories were passed down orally for hundreds of years. C. Today, many of these old folk tales are forgotten. D. However, they changed details to suit their own times. E. Folk tales can teach values without direct lectures. F. So folk tales existed long before printed books appeared. Folk tales are traditional stories created by ordinary people. 47          Long before most people could read or write, storytellers would share tales at gatherings, around fires or during festivals. 48          Only much later were they written down. Every culture has its own folk-tale tradition. Early storytellers did not stick to one fixed text. 49          The main plots stayed the same, but names, places and small events were adjusted. This is why we can find similar stories in different countries, yet with local differences. Folk tales served many purposes in old societies. 50          Instead of saying "be brave", a folk tale would show a character facing frightening difficulties and succeeding. Children learned right and wrong through enjoying exciting adventures. Folk tales also provided entertainment for grown-ups. Nowadays, films and social media provide most of our entertainment. Folk tales are less popular. Still, they remain a valuable cultural treasure. III. Summary Writing Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Terracotta Army The Terracotta Army is one of China's most famous cultural treasures. Discovered by farmers digging a well in 1974, the huge underground army was built for Qin Shi Huang, China's first emperor. Thousands of life-sized clay soldiers and horses were buried near his tomb to protect him in the afterlife. Each clay soldier has a different face. No two are exactly alike. Ancient craftsmen made each figure with separate parts: head, body, arms and legs. They assembled them and added unique facial features. Experts believe thousands of different real-life soldiers served as models. The army gives us valuable information about life more than 2,200 years ago. The clothing and hairstyles show social positions. The weapons found nearby tell us about ancient Chinese military technology. Even the layout of the pits shows how ancient armies were organised. Many mysteries remain. The main tomb of Qin Shi Huang has not yet been opened. According to ancient records, the tomb contains precious treasures and complex defensive traps. Scientists use modern scanning tools to study the tomb without digging into it. They hope one day to learn more secrets hidden underground. IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 毫无疑问，充分的准备会增加你成功的机会。(chance) 53. 看到学生们全身心投入项目，老师感到很欣慰。(absorb) 54. 无论遇到多大的困难，他总是想方设法履行自己的承诺。(means) 55. 直到老师指出，我才意识到这个方案的缺陷。(Not until) V. Guided Writing Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 56. 假设你是明启中学高二学生李明，你的英国笔友Tom来信，询问疫情期间你们学校是采取什么措施保障同学们学习进度的。请你写一封回信，内容包括：1) 学校采取的两项主要措施；2) 你的感受。 第 1 页 / 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $