学考专题12 状语从句：知识盘点+核心精讲+进阶训练（讲义，全国通用）2027年高中英语学业水平考试合格考总复习

专题12 状语从句 【析】学考考查要点|【汇】知识清单盘点|【研】核心专题精讲|【练】巩固提升训练 —— 目 录 —— 析|学考考查要点 汇|知识清单盘点 研|核心专题精讲 考点 状语从句中引导词的选用 练|巩固提升训练 本模块依据《普通高中英语课程标准（2017年版2025年修订）》对本专题在学考中的要求进行梳理，并结合近年全国各地学业水平考试命题实践作出趋势判断。 1.1 课标依据与学考层级要求 状语从句在课标附录 3“三、句法 → 10. 主从复合句 → (2) 状语从句”中不带星号——与宾语从句并列，属“义务教育阶段学习过、高中必修课程应该熟练掌握”的内容。这意味着九大类状语从句的全部基本用法都是学考的合法考点。需要特别区分的是：状语从句本身的省略归入“11. 省略”条目并标注一个星号，属必修；而从句中出现的倒装（如 Child as he is）、虚拟语气（如 as if he knew）分别归入“12. 倒装”“14. 虚拟语气”，均标注三个星号，属选修（提高类），学考不作要求，本讲义只作辨认提示。 类别 课标层级 学考具体要求 认知层次 常见题型 时间状语从句 必修（不带星号） 掌握 when / while / as 的分工；掌握 until、since、as soon as、the moment；掌握主将从现 熟练掌握 单项选择、语法填空、写作 条件状语从句 必修（不带星号） 掌握 if / unless / as long as / in case；unless 不再加 not；从句不用将来时 熟练掌握 单项选择、语法填空 原因状语从句 必修（不带星号） 掌握 because / since / as / now that 的语气强弱与位置；区分 because 与 because of 熟练掌握 单项选择、写作 目的与结果状语从句 必修（不带星号） 掌握 so that 的双重身份；掌握 so ... that 与 such ... that 的区分与转换 熟练掌握 单项选择、语法填空 让步状语从句 必修（不带星号） 掌握 though / although / even if；掌握 疑问词+ever 与 no matter+疑问词；不与 but 连用 熟练掌握 单项选择、写作 方式 · 地点 · 比较状语从句 必修（不带星号） 掌握 as、as if、where、wherever、than、the more ... the more 的基本用法 熟练掌握 单项选择、完形填空 状语从句的省略 必修（一个星号） 掌握从句主语与主句主语一致且含 be 时的省略（when / if / though ＋ 分词） 熟练掌握 语法填空、写作 主将从现（时态呼应） 必修（时态条目） 掌握时间、条件、让步从句用现在时表将来的规律及 if 表“是否”的例外 熟练掌握 单项选择、语法填空 倒装式让步、as if 虚拟 选修（提高类，三个星号） 只要求辨认（Child as he is；as if he knew），不作构造要求 了解 阅读理解 易错提醒一：不要被“超纲形式”吓住，也不要把它当考点 as if 后接虚拟形式（He talks as if he knew everything.）属虚拟语气，课标标注三个星号，学考不作要求——能读懂即可，不必会写。 as 引导的倒装式让步从句（Child as he is 表语前置）属倒装，同为三个星号，只作辨认。 真正要过关的是必修部分：九类连词的辨析、主将从现、so / such 的区分、although 不与 but 连用——这四项覆盖了学考状语从句的绝大多数题目。 本讲义的处理原则：必修内容讲透并配足练习；选修（提高类）形式单列一行、注明层级，不作展开。 1.2 学考与高考的考查差异 状语从句在两类考试中都是高频考点，但命题的重心不同：学考偏重“连词辨析与时态呼应”，高考在此基础上更强调“在语篇中判断逻辑关系”。复习次序应是先按学考标准把连词与规矩练到自动化，再向语篇理解延伸。 比较维度 学业水平考试（学考） 高考 考查重心 连词的正确选用与主将从现等时态规矩 逻辑关系判断（让步、因果、条件、目的）与语篇衔接 题干形态 单句为主，两个分句关系清晰，干扰项多为近义连词 长句、多重复合句与语篇型填空，常需结合上下文判断逻辑关系 典型设题 直接填连词；或给出中文释义，选择译法正确的句子 完形与语法填空中根据上下文逻辑选词；阅读中据连接词判断句间关系 干扰项设计 利用 because ... so、although ... but、unless 加 not 设坑 利用近义连词（while / when / as；since / because）与逗号有无设坑 时态考查 主将从现是必考点，几乎每年出现 与完成时、过去时综合考查，重点在 since、by the time 等固定搭配 写作要求 会用常见的三到五类从句即可，正确性优先 要求从句种类丰富、位置灵活，且能与非谓语结构交替使用以避免句式单调 易错提醒二：学考最常见的三类失分点 第一类：从属连词与并列连词连用。 受汉语“虽然……但是”“因为……所以”影响，写出 Although ..., but ...。 第二类：条件、时间从句里用了将来时。 If it will rain、when he will come——一律改为现在时。 第三类：so 与 such 混用。 记住：so 后接形容词或副词，such 后接名词短语；但 so many / so much / so few / so little 是固定搭配，要用 so。 1.3 2027命题趋势观察与备考策略 综合近年全国各地学业水平考试与高考英语的命制实践，状语从句这一考点呈现三条较为稳定的趋势。把握趋势的目的是把复习时间投到出现概率最高、区分度最大的地方。 趋势 表现 备考动作 趋势一：从“背连词”转向“判逻辑” 单纯考“哪个词表让步”的题目占比下降；需要先判断两句之间是什么逻辑关系再选词的题目占比上升 把九类连词按“时间、条件、原因、目的、结果、让步、方式、地点、比较”做成九宫格，见到题先定逻辑类别，再定连词 趋势二：语法填空与语篇型填空成为主战场 无提示词的空格中，状语从句连词是稳定考点；常与时态呼应、省略结构结合命题 建立“先判逻辑关系 → 再看主从句时态 → 最后看是否省略”的固定作答顺序 趋势三：写作中的句式多样性要求提高 只用单一的时间或原因从句已难以拿到高分；恰当使用让步、目的、结果从句能明显提升表达层次 每周在作文中有意识地写 3 句不同类型的状语从句，并自查“有没有双连词、有没有误用将来时” 备考策略四条 ● 第一条：先记九宫格。 类别决定连词范围，逻辑判断准了，选项立刻能缩到两三个。 ● 第二条：把主将从现练成条件反射。 见到时间、条件、让步从句，先扫一眼从句谓语是不是将来时——是，基本就是错项。 ● 第三条：成对记易混连词。 when / while / as；because / since / as / for；so ... that / such ... that；if / unless；though / although——成对记比单独记牢固。 ● 第四条：以写促记。 写作时每次至少用两类状语从句，并对照表10 的六问自查，比刷单选题更能固化搭配。 易错提醒三：语法填空的作答顺序（建议固定下来） 第一步：判断空格前后是两个句子还是一个句子——是两句，才考虑连词。 第二步：判断两句之间的逻辑关系（时间？条件？让步？目的？结果？）。 第三步：在该类连词中选取，并注意固定搭配（not ... until、so ... that、such ... that、as ... as、the more ... the more）。 第四步：检查时态——时间、条件、让步从句中不能出现 will。 第五步：回读全句，确认没有出现“从属连词 ＋ 并列连词”的搭配。 2.1 状语从句九大类总览 状语从句是在复合句中作状语的从句，用来修饰主句的谓语动词或整个主句，回答“何时、何地、为何、怎样、在什么条件下、导致什么结果”等问题。按表达的逻辑关系，中学阶段分为九类。 类别 常用连词 例句 位置与标志 时间 when、while、as、before、after、until / till、since、as soon as、the moment、every time、once、by the time When he arrived, we were having dinner. 位置灵活；主句为将来时，从句用现在时 地点 where、wherever Where there is a will, there is a way. 多置于主句之后 原因 because、since、as、now that He didn't come because he was ill. because 可置句末，since / as 多置句首 条件 if、unless、as long as、in case、on condition that、once If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home. 位置灵活；遵循主将从现 目的 so that、in order that、in case、for fear that He got up early so that he could catch the bus. 从句常含 can / could / may / might 结果 so ... that、such ... that、so that He was so tired that he fell asleep at once. 从句前常有逗号；不含情态动词 让步 though、although、even if、even though、while、whatever / however、no matter what / how Although he is young, he knows a lot. 可置句首或句末；不与 but 连用 方式 as、as if、as though、the way Do as I tell you. 多置于主句之后 比较 as ... as、not so / as ... as、than、the more ... the more He is taller than I am. 从句常可省略与主句相同的部分 ★ 三条通律（学状语从句先记住这三条） 通律一：状语从句修饰主句的谓语或整个主句，在句中作状语，回答“何时、何地、为何、怎样、什么条件、什么结果”等问题。 通律二：状语从句的连词是从属连词，不能与并列连词（and、but、so、or）配对使用——这是 because ... so、although ... but 两类错误的根源。 通律三：从句位置可前可后；置于句首时，一般用逗号与主句隔开。 使用状语从句有三条通律必须记住：其一，从句修饰的是主句的动作或整个主句；其二，从属连词不能与并列连词（and、but、so、or）配对使用——这是汉语负迁移的高发区；其三，从句位置可前可后，置于句首时一般用逗号隔开。 易错提醒四：状语从句与定语从句、名词性从句的分界 状语从句：前面没有被修饰的名词，连词只起连接作用，不作成分。He was reading when I came in. 定语从句：前面有先行词，关系词在从句中充当成分。I still remember the day when we first met. 名词性从句：从句在句中充当主语、宾语、表语或同位语。I don't know when he will come. 速判：看从句前的词——抽象名词或名词 → 定语或同位语从句；及物动词 → 宾语从句；两者都不是 → 多半是状语从句。 2.2 时间状语从句 时间状语从句是学考出现频率最高的一类，核心是两组：when / while / as 的分工，以及 until、since、as soon as 三条特殊规矩。此外主将从现是必考项。 连词 用法要点 例句 易错提示 when 既可指时间点也可指时间段；从句动词可以是短暂性或延续性；还可用于“正在……这时” When he came in, I was reading. I was about to leave when the phone rang. “be doing / be about to do ... when ...”是固定句式，when 不可换成 while while 从句动词必须是延续性动词；强调“在……期间”；还可表对比“而” While I was reading, he was writing. He likes sports while I like music. While he came in（came 是短暂性动词，错误） as 强调“随着”或“一边……一边”，两个动作同时推进 As time went by, he grew stronger. as 表“随着”时，主从句动作通常同步变化 before / after 在……之前 / 之后；也可译作“才”“就” Think before you act. He left after the meeting ended. 从句同样遵循主将从现：I will wait before he comes. until / till 肯定式表动作持续到某时；not ... until 表“直到……才” He waited until midnight. He didn't come until midnight. 主句动词为短暂性时必须用否定式：He came until midnight（错误） since “自从”；从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时 I have not seen him since he left. since he has left（错误）；It is / has been three years since ... as soon as / the moment “一……就……”；the moment、the minute、the instant、immediately、directly 也可作连词 I called him as soon as I got the news. 同样遵循主将从现：I will call you as soon as I arrive. every time / next time 名词短语直接充当连词，表“每次／下次” Every time I see him, he is reading. 这类结构前不加介词 once / by the time once“一旦”；by the time“到……时候为止” Once you start, you must go on. By the time he arrived, we had left. by the time 后从句为过去时，主句多用过去完成时 ★ 五条时态规矩（时间状语从句的命门） 规矩一：主将从现——主句用将来时，时间状语从句用一般现在时表将来：I will tell him when he comes.（不用 will come） 规矩二：since 从句用过去时，主句用现在完成时（It is / has been ＋ 时间段 ＋ since ...）。 规矩三：主句为短暂性动词时，until 必须与 not 连用。 规矩四：while 从句动词必须延续；短暂性动作只能用 when。 规矩五：by the time 从句为过去时，主句用过去完成时。 易错提醒五：when 的两个特殊句式 句式一：be doing ... when ...（正在做……这时……）——I was reading when the light went out. 句式二：be about to do ... when ...（正要做……这时……）——I was about to leave when he came. 这两个句式中的 when 不能换成 while，因为它表示“就在此时突然发生”，是时间点而非时间段。 补充：hardly ... when / no sooner ... than（一……就……）含倒装，课标标注三个星号，学考不作要求，阅读中能读懂即可。 2.3 条件状语从句 条件状语从句的连词不多，但unless 的否定含义与从句不用将来时是两条高频设题点。此外 if 的两种身份（如果／是否）也常在同一题里出现。 连词 含义与用法 例句 易错提示 if 如果（真实条件）；也可引导宾语从句表“是否” If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home. 引导条件状语从句时从句用现在时表将来；表“是否”时可用将来时 unless 除非；如果不 ＝ if ... not You will fail unless you work hard. （＝ if you don't work hard） 本身已含否定，从句中不能再加 not as long as / so long as 只要（强调必要条件） You can go out as long as you come back before ten. 只有“只要”义，没有“和……一样长”的义（后者是同级比较） in case 万一；以防（表防备，也可归入目的状语） Take an umbrella in case it rains. in case 后不用将来时：in case it rains（不用 will rain） on condition that / provided (that) 条件是；假如（较正式） You can go on condition that you finish your homework. that 可省略（provided 后）；on condition that 中的 that 一般保留 once 一旦（兼有时间意味） Once you understand it, you will find it easy. 同样遵循主将从现 suppose (that) / supposing 假如；假定（提出假设） Suppose it rains, what shall we do? 主句常用疑问句或将来时 易错提醒六：if 的两种身份与 will 的例外 if 表“如果”：引导条件状语从句，遵循主将从现——If it rains, we will stay. if 表“是否”：引导宾语从句，时态不受限制——I don't know if he will come. will 的例外：条件从句中表“愿意、执意”时可用 will——If you will help me, I shall be grateful.（will 在此不是将来时，而是意愿） unless 的替换：unless ＝ if ... not，改写时必须把 not 补回去——Unless you work hard ＝ If you don't work hard. 2.4 原因状语从句 四个表示原因的词 because、since、as、for 在语气强弱、位置与词性上各不相同。学考最常考的是because 与 so 不能连用，以及 because 与 because of 的分工。 连词 语气与用法 例句 位置与限制 because 语气最强，表示直接原因或理由；用来回答 why；可用于强调句与 because of 短语 He didn't come because he was ill. 可置句首或句末；不能与 so 连用；后接名词时用 because of since 既然；由于——双方都已知道的原因，语气较弱 Since everyone is here, let's begin. 多置于句首；不能回答 why as 由于——语气更弱，常带“顺便说明”的意味 As it was getting dark, we hurried home. 多置于句首；as 身份多（时间、方式、比较、让步），须据句意判断 now that 既然（强调出现了新情况） Now that you have grown up, you should decide for yourself. 常置于句首；that 常可省略 for 并列连词，补充说明或推断的理由，不是真正的状语从句连词 It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 不能置于句首；前面常用逗号；不能与 because 互换 ★ 三条辨析要点 要点一：语气强弱排序 because ＞ since ＞ as；回答 why 一律用 because。 要点二：because ＋ 句子，because of ＋ 名词或动名词——because of he was ill（错误），应改为 because he was ill 或 because of his illness。 要点三：for 是并列连词，它连接的是两个并列的句子成分，因此不能放在句首，也不能用于强调句，这是区分 for 与 because 最可靠的标志。 易错提醒七：because of 与 because 的分工 because ＋ 句子（含主语和谓语）：He didn't come because he was ill. because of ＋ 名词或动名词：He didn't come because of his illness. 典型错例：because of he was ill —— 后面是句子，必须用 because。 同理：thanks to、due to、owing to 也都是介词短语，后面只能接名词性成分。 2.5 目的与结果状语从句 这两类最容易混淆，因为 so that 同时具备两种身份。区分的钥匙是从句里有没有情态动词：有，多半是目的；没有，多半是结果。 类型与连词 用法要点 例句 判别标志 目的：so that 以便、为了；从句表示主句动作的目的 He got up early so that he could catch the bus. 从句常含 can / could / may / might / will / would 目的：in order that 以便；比 so that 正式；可置于句首 In order that we might start early, he booked a taxi. 同样含情态动词；in order to 后接动词原形（不是从句） 目的：in case / for fear that 以防、以免 Take your coat in case it gets cold. in case 后不用将来时；for fear that 从句常用 should 结果：so ... that 如此……以致；so 后接形容词或副词 He was so tired that he fell asleep at once. 不含情态动词；that 在从句中不作成分（that 常可省） 结果：such ... that 如此……以致；such 后接名词短语 It was such a difficult problem that nobody could solve it. such ＋ a / an ＋ 形容词 ＋ 单数名词 结果：so that 因此、结果（与目的同形，靠语境区分） He got up late, so that he missed the bus. 有逗号、无措辞性情态动词、叙述已发生的事实 → 结果 易错提醒八：so ... that 与 such ... that 的三个转换 转换一：such ＋ a / an ＋ 形容词 ＋ 单数名词 ＝ so ＋ 形容词 ＋ a / an ＋ 单数名词——such a good boy ＝ so good a boy。 转换二：后面是复数名词或不可数名词时，只能用 such——such good boys、such bad weather（不用 so）。 例外：so many / so few ＋ 复数名词，so much / so little ＋ 不可数名词（固定用 so）——so many books、so much water。 提示：so ... that 与 such ... that 中的 that 在从句中不作成分，口语中常可省略；这与 such ... as（定语从句，as 作成分）完全不同。 2.6 让步状语从句 让步状语从句表示“虽然、尽管、即使、无论”，是写作中提升句式层次的重要手段。学考的两条硬规则是：不与 but 连用，以及 疑问词+ever 与 no matter+疑问词的分工。 连词 含义与用法 例句 易错提示 though 虽然；口语常用；可置于句末作副词 Though he is young, he knows a lot. He knows a lot, though. 不与 but 连用；但可与 yet / still / nevertheless 连用 although 虽然；比 though 正式；不置于句末 Although it rained hard, they went on working. 同样不与 but 连用 even if / even though 即使；even if 偏假设，even though 偏事实 Even if it rains, I will go there. 语气比 though 更强，同样不与 but 连用 while 虽然、尽管（用于句首，含对比意味） While I understand your point, I can't agree with you. while 三身份：时间（当……时）、让步（虽然）、对比（而） whatever / whoever 等 无论什么／无论谁 ＝ 疑问词 ＋ ever；在从句中充当成分 Whatever he says, I won't believe him. whatever 在从句中作 says 的宾语；也可引导名词性从句 no matter what / how 等 无论什么／无论怎样；只引导让步状语从句 No matter what he says, I won't believe him. 只能引导状语从句，不能引导名词性从句（此处与 whatever 不同） whether ... or ... 无论……还是…… Whether it rains or not, we will start on time. whether ... or not 中的 or not 可置于句末或紧接 whether 易错提醒九：although / though 与 but、yet 的搭配 不能与 but 连用：Although he is young, but he knows a lot. → Although he is young, he knows a lot. 或 He is young, but he knows a lot. 可以与 yet / still 连用：Although he is young, yet he knows a lot.（yet 是副词，不是连词，不构成“双连词”） though 可作副词置于句末：He knows a lot, though.（＝ 不过，话虽如此）although 没有这种用法。 whatever 与 no matter what：两者都可引导让步状语从句；但只有 whatever 能引导名词性从句——No matter what he says is true（错误），应改为 Whatever he says is true. 2.7 方式 · 地点 · 比较状语从句 这三类在学考中出现频率略低，但完形填空与阅读理解中时常出现，且 as 的多重身份、where 引导定语还是状语从句是两类典型设题点。 类型与连词 用法要点 例句 易错提示 方式：as 按照、如同；说明主句动作的方式 Do as I tell you. As the saying goes, practice makes perfect. as 在此不作成分，只起连接作用 方式：as if / as though 好像、似乎 He talks as if he knew everything. 后接虚拟形式（knew）属虚拟语气，三个星号，学考只作辨认 方式：the way 以……的方式（口语常用） He speaks the way his father does. the way 后可接从句，相当于 as 地点：where 在……的地方 Put the book where it was. 不是定语从句——前面没有被修饰的地点名词 地点：wherever / anywhere 无论在哪里 Wherever you go, I will follow you. ＝ no matter where，只引导状语从句 比较：as ... as / not so ... as 和……一样／不如……；同级比较 He is as tall as I (am). He is not so tall as I (am). 第二个 as 是连词；否定式用 not so / as ... as 均可 比较：than 比……；比较级 He is taller than I (am). than 后常省略与主句相同的成分 比较：the more ... the more ... 越……越……；前后都用 the ＋ 比较级 The harder you work, the greater progress you will make. 两个 the 都不能省；后半句可用陈述语序 ★ 三种容易混淆的身份 混淆一：as 有四重身份——时间（随着）、原因（由于）、方式（按照）、让步（虽然，倒装式），判断依据是句意与位置。 混淆二：where 引导定语从句还是地点状语从句——前面有地点名词是定语从句（the school where I study），没有地点名词是地点状语从句（Put it where it was）。 混淆三：as ... as 中的第二个 as 是连词，后面接从句；而 as 作介词时后面接名词（as a teacher）。 易错提醒十：where 是定语从句还是地点状语从句 看前面有没有表示地点的名词：有，是定语从句；没有，是地点状语从句。 定语从句：This is the school where I studied.（school 是先行词，where 作状语） 地点状语从句：Put the book where it was.（前面没有地点名词） 同理：when 前有时间是定语从句（the day when ...），前无时间名词则是时间状语从句（Call me when you arrive）。 2.8 状语从句的省略 从句主语与主句主语一致、且从句谓语含 be 动词时，可以省略“主语 ＋ be”，留下分词、形容词或介词短语。这一规则归入课标“11. 省略”条目，标注一个星号，属必修内容，学考可以直接考查。 项目 规则 例句 省略的前提 从句主语与主句主语一致（或从句主语为 it），且从句谓语含 be 动词 When (he was) asked about it, he kept silent. 时间从句省略 when / while / until 等 ＋ 现在分词（表主动进行） While (he was) reading, he fell asleep. 条件从句省略 if / unless 等 ＋ 过去分词（表被动） If (it is) heated, water will turn into steam. 让步从句省略 though / although ＋ 分词或形容词 Though (he was) tired, he went on working. 固定省略式 已经固化的说法，不必补全省略成分 if any（如果有的话）、if necessary（如有必要）、if so（如果这样）、when in doubt（有疑问时）、as usual（照常） 不能省略的情形 从句主语与主句主语不一致时不能省；从句谓语不含 be 动词时也不能省 When he arrived, ... 不能省成 When arriving（若主句主语不是 he 则错） ★ 两条判定要点与一处避坑 要点一：省略后剩下的分词，其逻辑主语必须是主句主语；若不一致，必须把从句主语写出来（独立主格属教材常规，不属课标条目，可不展开）。 要点二：after / before / since 后接动名词是介词用法，不是省略——After finishing the work, he went home.（after 在此是介词）。 避坑：语法填空中若空格后是分词，先判断主句主语能否充当该分词的逻辑主语，再决定填连词还是介词。 2.9 时态呼应：主将从现 主将从现是学考状语从句最稳定的考点，几乎每年出现：时间、条件、让步状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来，不用 will / shall。掌握这一条，就能拿下相当比例的时态类题目。 规律 说明 例句 主将从现 时间、条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来，主句用将来时 I will tell him the news when he comes. If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home. 主情从现 主句含情态动词（can、must、may）时，从句同样用现在时 You can go out if you finish your homework. 主祈从现 主句是祈使句时，从句用现在时 Don't get off the bus until it stops. since 的固定搭配 since 从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时 I have lived here since I was a child. It is / has been three years since he left. 过去时间的呼应 主句为过去时，从句也用相应的过去时态 He said he would come if he had time. ★ 三条易错提醒 提醒一：条件、时间、让步状语从句中一律不用将来时——if it will rain、when he will come 都是典型错误。 提醒二：if 表“是否”时不适用主将从现，因为它引导的是宾语从句：I don't know if he will come.（可用将来时） 提醒三：主将从现只管从句——主句仍按需要该用什么时态就用什么时态，不要把主句也改成现在时。 2.10 六类常见错误与正误对照 把常见错误归成六类，写作与改错时按类自查，效率最高。其中“双连词”“从句误用将来时”“so / such 混用”三类出现频率最高，应重点防范。 错误类型 错例 正解与理由 第一类：连词重复使用 Although he is young, but he knows a lot. Because he was ill, so he didn't come. Although he is young, he knows a lot.（去掉 but；或去掉 Although，改用 but） Because he was ill, he didn't come.（去掉 so） 理由：从属连词与并列连词不能配对使用，汉语的“虽然……但是”“因为……所以”在英语中只能取其一。 第二类：从句误用将来时 I will tell him when he will come back. I will tell him when he comes back. 理由：时间状语从句遵循主将从现。 第三类：unless 双重否定 You will fail unless you don't work hard. You will fail unless you work hard.（＝ if you don't work hard） 理由：unless 本身已含否定，从句中不能再加 not。 第四类：so ... that 与 such ... that 混用 It was so a difficult problem that nobody could solve it. It was such a difficult problem that ... 理由：so 后接形容词或副词，such 后接名词短语；但 so many / so much / so few / so little 是固定搭配。 第五类：since 从句时态错误 I have not seen him since he has left. I have not seen him since he left. 理由：since 从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。 第六类：while 后接短暂性动词 While he came in, I was reading. When he came in, I was reading. 理由：while 从句的动词必须是延续性动词。 ★ 写作自查六问 ① 有没有“虽然……但是”“因为……所以”的双连词？有就删掉一个。 ② 时间、条件从句里有没有误用 will？有就改成现在时。 ③ unless 后面有没有多加 not？有就删掉。 ④ so / such 后面跟的是形容词还是名词？形容词用 so，名词短语用 such。 ⑤ since 从句是不是用了过去时、主句是不是用了完成时？ ⑥ while 后面的动词是不是延续性的？不是就换 when。 考点一：状语从句中引导词的选用 例1. (2024年甘肃省普通高中学业水平考试英语试题) They think volunteering is so helpful 42 young people can learn more about society, which also helps them (they) to know how to work in a team and solve problems. 【答案】42．that 【详解】42．考查连词。句意：他们认为志愿活动对年轻人非常有帮助，年轻人可以更多地了解社会，这也有助于他们学会如何团队合作和解决问题。此处引导结果状语从句，so...that...是固定结构，意为“如此……以至于……”，用连词that。故填that。 例2. （2024年陕西省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语试题）The baby pandas only weigh about 85 grams 41 they are born! 【答案】41.when 【详解】41．考查连词。句意：熊猫宝宝出生时只有大约85克！根据句意可知，此处表示“当……时候”，用when引导时间状语从句，故填when。 1．There were many cars in the street that I couldn’t get through. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】so 【详解】句意：街上的车太多了，我无法通过。结合“many cars”可知，此处应用“so many+可数名词复数+that……”引导结果状语从句，表示“如此多的……以至于……”。 2．I read a book waiting for the bus. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】while 【详解】句意：我在等公交车的时候读了一本书。此处为时间状语从句的省略结构。在时间状语从句中，当从句的主语与主句主语一致，且从句谓语含有be动词时，可以省略从句的主语和be动词。该句完整形式为while I was waiting for the bus，waiting表示延续性动作，应填连词while。 3．You can sit you like. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】wherever/where 【详解】句意：你可以坐在你喜欢的（任何）地方。空处引导地点状语从句，表示“……的地方”用where，或用wherever表示“任何地方”，修饰sit的地点。 4． he was reading, the phone rang. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】While/When 【详解】句意：他正在读书时，电话响了。此处引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”，用从属连词while或者when引导从句，句首首字母大写。 5． he was young, he lived in the country. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】While 【详解】句意：当他年轻的时候，他住在乡下。空格处引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”，可用连词while。位于句首，首字母需大写。 6．It was he was ill that he didn't come. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】because 【详解】句意：正是因为他生病了，所以他没有来。本句是强调句型It was... that...，被强调部分是原因状语从句“______ he was ill”，表示“因为”用because引导。 7．The flood was severe many fields were flooded. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】 so that 【详解】句意：洪水灾情如此严重，以至于许多田地都被淹没了。根据句意及形容词“severe”可知，空处应填so...that...，意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句，符合语境。 8．Many volunteers have kept helping the elderly they joined the community project. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】since 【详解】句意：许多志愿者自从加入这个社区项目以来，一直坚持帮助老人。空处应使用since引导时间状语从句，意为“自从”，从句使用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。 9．You can make a big difference you lose heart before trying. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】unless 【详解】句意：除非你在尝试之前就灰心丧气，否则你可以大有作为。空格前后是两个完整的句子，空处需填连词，结合句意，表示“除非”，应用unless引导条件状语从句。 10．Even it is hard, we should never give up. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】if/though 【详解】句意：即使很困难，我们也绝不应该放弃。空处与前面的Even连用，构成固定搭配Even if 或Even though，引导让步状语从句，表示“即使，虽然”。 11．With researchers working day and night to test new treatments for malaria, it won’t be long scientists find another herbal medicine like artemisinin to save millions of lives. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】before 【详解】句意：研究人员日夜奋战测试疟疾新疗法，用不了多久科学家就会找到另一种像青蒿素一样能拯救数百万人生命的草药。 固定句型：It won’t be long before...，意为“不久之后就……；用不了多久就……”，before引导时间状语从句。 12．It is such a moving story many readers are touched to tears. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】句意：这是一个如此动人的故事，以至于许多读者感动得热泪盈眶。such…that...引导的是结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于……”。 一、单项选择 1．________ time went on and the final exam was drawing near, the students began to concentrate more on their studies. A．With B．As C．While D．During 【答案】B 【详解】句意：随着时间的推移，期末考试越来越近，学生们开始更加专注于他们的学业。A. With和；B. As随着；C. While当……的时候；D. During在……期间。as time went on是固定搭配，意为“随着时间的推移”，因此空格处用as，引导时间状语从句。 2．It was the first time ________ I went abroad ________ I was fascinated with everything around me. A．when; that B．/; when C．/; that D．that; when 【答案】C 【详解】句意：正是在我第一次出国的时候，我对周围的一切都着迷了。the first time作连词引导时间状语从句；且本句为强调句型，基本结构为“It is/was +被强调部分+that/who+其他部分”，句中被强调的部分是时间状语the first timeI went abroad。 3．We stayed at home ________ it rained. A．where B．so that C．because D．though 【答案】C 【详解】句意：因为下雨，我们待在家里。A. where在哪里；B. so that以便；C. because因为；D. though虽然。空格前后为因果关系，“下雨”是“我们待在家里”的原因，应用because引导原因状语从句。 4．________ he is old, he still works every day. A．Because B．Although C．If D．That 【答案】B 【详解】句意：虽然他老了，但他仍然每天工作。A. Because因为；B. Although虽然；C. If如果；D. That无实义。前后两句构成让步关系，需用Although引导让步状语从句。 5．________ you do make a mistake during the speech, that doesn’t really matter, and you should go on finishing your speech. A．Now that B．Even if C．As though D．In case 【答案】B 【详解】句意：即使你在演讲中确实出错了，那也没有关系，你应该继续完成你的演讲。A. Now that既然；B. Even if即使；C. As though好像；D. In case以防。根据后文“that doesn’t really matter”可知，就算演讲时出错也没关系，前后是让步关系，用Even if。 6．The disaster was ________ serious ________ hundreds of villages suffered heavy losses. A．such; that B．so; that C．such a; that D．so a; that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这场灾难如此严重，以至于数百个村庄遭受了重大损失。“so...that...”和“such...that...”都表示“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。其中so是副词，后面直接接形容词或副词；such是形容词，后面接名词。题干中空格后的serious为形容词，因此应使用“so+形容词+that...”结构。 7．Our maths teacher is still talking with a smile on his face, ________ nothing embarrassing has happened. A．even if B．as if C．unless D．so that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们的数学老师依旧面带笑容说着话，仿佛什么尴尬的事都没有发生过。A. even if即使；B. as if好像；C. unless除非；D. so that以便。根据句意，老师表现得好像没有发生尴尬的事情，用as if引导方式状语从句，符合语境。 8．The research team has recorded plenty of wildlife data ________ they set up the monitoring station in the reserve. A．before B．as C．since D．until 【答案】C 【详解】句意：自从在保护区建立监测站以来，研究团队已经记录了大量的野生动物数据。A. before在……之前；B. as当……的时候；C. since自从；D. until直到。主句谓语动词“has recorded”使用的是现在完成时，空格后从句的谓语动词“set up”使用的是一般过去时。这符合“since”引导时间状语从句时的固定时态搭配，即“主句用现在完成时，since从句用一般过去时”，since表示“自从……以来”。 9．I was organising my words in my head ______ the girl next to me gave me a nudge. A．then B．while C．when D．suddenly 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我正在脑子里组织语言，这时我旁边的女孩轻轻推了我一下。根据句意可知，此处是固定句型be doing sth. when...，意为“正在做某事，这时突然……”。 10．You can make progress ________ you stick to regular exercise. A．as soon as B．as long as C．even though D．as though 【答案】B 【详解】句意：只要你坚持定期锻炼，你就能取得进步。A. as soon as一……就……；B. as long as只要；C. even though即使；D. as though好像。根据make progress以及stick to regular exercise可知，只要坚持定期锻炼就能取得进步，应用as long as引导状语从句。 11．No matter ________ difficulties we meet, we must protect our cultural treasure. A．what B．that C．which D．how 【答案】A 【详解】句意：无论我们遇到什么困难，我们都必须保护我们的文化瑰宝。no matter what后接名词difficulties，表示“无论什么”；that不能引导该让步结构，which表“哪一个”，how后接形容词 / 副词，均不符合。 12．________ you meet in the coming competition, keep calm and stick to your own plan. A．Wherever B．However C．Whenever D．Whatever 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在即将到来的比赛中，无论你遇到什么，都要保持冷静，坚持自己的计划。A. Wherever无论哪里；B. However无论怎样；C. Whenever无论何时；D. Whatever无论什么。________ you meet in the coming competition是连接词引导的让步状语从句，所填词作meet的宾语；结合keep calm and stick to your own plan可知，要填表示“无论什么”的连词Whatever，在从句中可作宾语，符合题意。 13．________ he was very tired, ________ he didn’t stop working. A．Although; but B．Although; / C．Because; so D．Because; / 【答案】B 【详解】句意：虽然他很累，但他没有停止工作。Although虽然；but但是；Because因为；so所以。英语中although和but不能同时出现在一个句子中，because和so也不能同时使用。“累”和“不停止工作”是让步转折关系，第一空用Although引导让步状语从句，后面就不能再加but。 14．I always get up early ________ I can get to school on time. A．as long as B．because of C．even though D．so that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我总是早起，以便我能准时到校。A. as long as只要；B. because of因为（后接名词 / 代词，不接句子）；C. even though即使；D. so that以便，为了。结合语境可知，能准时到校是早起的目的，空格处表达“以便”，用so that引导目的状语从句。 15．The English teacher advised us to read more English novels, ________ we can improve our vocabulary and learn about different cultures. A．so that B．even though C．as if D．in case 【答案】A 【详解】句意：英语老师建议我们多读英文小说，以便我们能提高词汇量并了解不同的文化。A. so that以便，为了；B. even though即使，尽管；C. as if好像，似乎；D. in case以防万一。由语意可知，老师建议我们多读英文小说，目的是为了提高词汇量和了解不同文化，前后句之间为目的关系，需用so that引导目的状语从句。 二、单句语法填空 1． he says, don’t believe him. 【答案】Whatever 【详解】句意：无论他说什么，都不要相信他。设空处需要引导让步状语从句，且在从句中作says的宾语，意为“无论什么”，用whatever引导让步状语从句，句首单词首字母大写。 2． it may take long to see results, small efforts can make a real difference. 【答案】Although/Though/While 【详解】句意：虽然看到效果可能需要很久，但微小的努力真的可以带来改变。逗号前后是两个完整的句子，空处需填连词，结合句意可知，上下文是让步转折关系，因此用although/though/while“尽管”引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母需大写。 3．So deeply had I longed for the moment tears filled my eyes the instant it came. 【答案】that 【详解】句意：我是如此深切地期盼这一刻，以至于当它到来的瞬间，泪水盈满了我的眼眶。本句是so...that...句型引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”，“so + adj.”置于句首时，主句用部分倒装语序，空处应填入that。 4．No matter difficulty you face, never give up our traditional culture. 【答案】what 【详解】句意：无论你遇到什么困难，都不要放弃我们的传统文化。空处和No matter搭配，引导让步状语从句，需用特殊疑问词，且空处修饰名词difficulty，没有限定选择范围，因此用what“什么”。 5．The moment I saw her face, I knew that something terrible must have happened to her. 【答案】不填/that 【详解】句意：我一看见她的脸，就知道她一定遭遇了可怕的事情。句中the moment用作连词，引导时间状语从句，that为可省略的连接成分，不作从句任何成分，空处可填that或者不填。 6． your problem is a new one, write a post about it and you can get advice from health experts on the forum. 【答案】If 【详解】句意：如果你的问题是新问题，就写一篇帖子，你可以在论坛上获得健康专家的建议。空处引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”应用if，位于句首，首字母需大写。 7． working as a designer after graduation, he kept exploring and advancing his skills in wood carving. 【答案】While/Though/Although 【详解】句意：尽管毕业后从事设计师工作，但他仍不断探索并提升自己的木雕技艺。前后句之间是转折关系，此处引导让步状语从句，用从属连词while/though/although引导从句，意为“虽然、尽管”，此处为状语从句的省略，完整的从句为while/though/although he was working as a designer after graduation。 8． the drink is gone, the straw will take centuries to disappear. 【答案】Once 【详解】句意：一旦饮料喝完，吸管将需要数百年才能分解消失。此处需要连词，结合句意，此处表示“一旦”为连词once，引导条件状语从句。 9．We will carry out the group discussion as planned there is a sudden change in the classroom arrangement. 【答案】unless 【详解】句意：除非教室安排突发变动，否则我们将按计划开展小组讨论。设空处引导条件状语从句，再结合句意“除非”可知是unless。 10． the methods are correct, the more time you invest in review, the better results you will achieve. 【答案】If 【详解】句意：如果方法是正确的，你在复习上投入的时间越多，取得的结果就越好。前半句“the methods are correct”是条件状语从句，用从属连词if引导条件状语从句；句首单词首字母大写。 11．He seldom takes part in after-school activities, he is buried in his review all day. 【答案】for/because 【详解】句意：他很少参加课外活动，因为他整天埋头复习。表示“因为”为for/because引导的原因状语从句。 12．Poor he is, he is always willing to help others. 【答案】as/though 【详解】句意：虽然他很穷，但他总是乐于助人。“贫穷”和“乐于助人”之间有让步的关系，句子表示“虽然”他很穷，且Poor置于句首，从句使用了部分倒装，所以用连词as或though引导让步状语从句。 13． you’re scared about something and thinking only about that, there’s no way you’re going to be able to learn. 【答案】If 【详解】句意：如果你对某事感到恐惧并且一心只想着它，你就没办法学习。引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”用if，首字母大写。 14．This photo of mine was taken stood the famous Eiffel Tower. 【答案】where 【详解】句意：的这张照片是在著名的埃菲尔铁塔矗立的地方拍摄的。此处是where引导的地点状语从句，且从句采用了倒装语序，正常语序为where the famous Eiffel Tower stood。 15．However, a cat is looking for affection, they tend to produce stretched and soft meows. 【答案】when 【详解】句意：然而，当猫在寻求爱抚时，它们往往会发出拉长而柔和的喵声。空处引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”，应用连词when。 一、阅读理解 A Are you tired of your daily routine? If so, have a look at our fascinating range of holidays. Activity Holidays Our activity holidays are for people who love adventures. We have a huge variety of water, snow or desert holidays. We’ll take you scuba diving in the Red Sea or white-water rafting in Canada. If you prefer snow, you can try skiing in the Alps. For those who like warmer weather, we also have sandboarding. Culture Holidays Our culture holidays will help you discover ancient civilizations: India, Thailand, Egypt and many more. Visit temples, palaces and ancient ruins just remember to bring your camera! Wildlife Holidays We organize small-group tours to get closer to nature. Meet the famous turtles of the Galapagos Islands. Look for tigers in India, or take an elephant safari(观兽旅行)in Sri Lanka. You can stay in a range of accommodation, from tents to tree houses. If you’re interested in our tours, please give us a call or come directly to our travel agency on weekdays. Our phone number is 905-8872. Our address is 18th Garden Road, Wandsworth. Please feel free to send us an email at any time if you have any questions. Our email address is Alextravelling@gmail. com. 1．Which of the following is included in the Activity Holidays? A．Skiing in the Alps. B．Going diving in Canada. C．Having sandboarding in cooler weather. D．Going white-water rafting in the Red Sea. 2．What can people do in Sri Lanka? A．See the elephants. B．Build tree houses. C．Take care of tigers. D．Meet the famous turtles. 3．How can people get the information about the tours on weekends? A．By making a call. B．By sending an email. C．By going to the travel agency. D．By visiting the agency’s website. 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．B 【导语】这篇文章是一篇应用文，介绍了三种不同类型的假期活动：活动假期、文化假期和野生动物假期。文章还提供了旅游公司的联系方式，包括电话、地址和电子邮件。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据“Activity Holidays”部分“If you prefer snow, you can try skiing in the Alps.( 如果你更喜欢雪，你可以尝试去阿尔卑斯山滑雪)”可知，在阿尔卑斯山滑雪包含在活动假期中。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据“Wildlife Holidays”部分“or take an elephant safari(观兽旅行)in Sri Lanka(或者在斯里兰卡进行大象观光旅行)”可知，在斯里兰卡人们可以进行大象观兽旅行，即能看到大象。故选A项。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“If you’re interested in our tours, please give us a call or come directly to our travel agency on weekdays. Please feel free to send us an email at any time if you have any questions.( 如果您对我们的旅行团感兴趣，请给我们打电话或在工作日直接来我们的旅行社。如果您有任何问题，随时欢迎给我们发送电子邮件)”，工作日可以打电话或去旅行社，任何时候都可以发邮件，所以周末只能发邮件获取信息。故选B项。 B I will never forget my first day in high school. When I got to the classroom in the morning, I saw that Mr. Brown had already put our names on our tables. After walking a few steps, I saw my name on the table right in the middle of the classroom. Walking up to my table, my heart sang. “It would be great to sit there. I could see everything easily,” I thought to myself. A while later, the other students entered one by one and took their own seats. And then Mr. Brown started talking. He showed us his classroom rules and tried to explain them. All of a sudden, a student called Tony started singing loudly. All the while he moved his body to the music. His deskmate, Josh couldn’t understand why he was doing these things. Then he stood up and talked to Mr. Brown, “I don’t want to sit with this strange guy. Can I swap seats with someone else in this room, please?” Mr. Brown didn’t answer his question directly. He stopped what he was doing and turned on his computer. Then he showed us some pictures about autistic (自闭症的) kids. He explained that autistic kids have little self-control. They seem to do things that are beyond everyone else’s understanding. However, they can do many other great things, in the field of art or music, for example. Then he told us that Tony was not good at maths, but loved songs. “He can sing thousands of songs. What’s more surprising is that he can remember all the words without any mistakes.” In the end, Mr. Brown added that although autistic kids were different, they should be loved. Since that first day in high school, I became Mr. Brown’s admirer. I was pretty sure Mr. Brown would get all of us on the right track. 4．How did the author feel seeing his table? A．Upset B．Anxious C．Frightened D．Pleased 5．In what way was Tony special? A．He knew music very well. B．He was understanding. C．He had a mathematical mind. D．He acted politely. 6．What does the author think of Mr. Brown? A．He can make a great teacher. B．He has too many admirers. C．He is off the right track. D．He is too different to be loved. 7．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．A Strange Boy in My Class B．My First Day in High School C．A Lesson in Understanding D．How to Deal with Autistic Kids 【答案】4．D 5．A 6．A 7．C 【导语】文章讲述了作者高中首日，同学Tony因自闭症在课堂上唱歌，老师借机展示其音乐天赋，引导全班理解并关爱特殊群体。作者由此深受触动，认为老师教会了大家理解与包容，堪称良师。 【详解】4．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Walking up to my table, my heart sang. ‘It would be great to sit there. I could see everything easily,’ I thought to myself.(走向我的桌子，我心花怒放。‘坐在那里太好了。我可以很容易地看到所有东西，’我心想。)”可知，作者看到自己的座位在教室中间，感到非常高兴和满意。选项D“Pleased(高兴的)”符合文意。 5．细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“Then he told us that Tony was not good at maths, but loved songs. ‘He can sing thousands of songs. What’s more surprising is that he can remember all the words without any mistakes.’(然后他告诉我们，Tony不擅长数学，但热爱歌曲。‘他能唱数千首歌。更令人惊讶的是，他能一字不差地记住所有歌词。’)”可知，Tony的特殊之处在于他对音乐非常了解，有极高的音乐天赋。选项A“He knew music very well.(他非常了解音乐。)”符合文意。 6．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Since that first day in high school, I became Mr. Brown’s admirer. I was pretty sure Mr. Brown would get all of us on the right track.(自从高中第一天起，我就成了Brown先生的崇拜者。我非常确信Brown先生会引导我们所有人走上正轨。)”可知，作者对Brown老师的评价极高，认为他能够正确地引导学生，是一位非常出色的老师。选项A符合文意。 7．主旨大意题。文章讲述了作者高中第一天，同学Tony因自闭症在课堂上唱歌，老师没有直接批评，而是借此机会向全班介绍自闭症儿童的特点和天赋，引导大家理解和关爱特殊群体。文章通过这件事传达了一堂关于“理解与包容”的人生课。选项C“A Lesson in Understanding(一堂关于理解的课)”最能概括文章的中心思想，为最佳标题。 C Pioneering creative Refik Anadol has long engaged with new technologies. He is a leading artist who works with data and AI. His art mixes technology and human feelings in a deep and engaging way. Years of this work culminated in DATALAND, the world’s first museum of AI art, which opened to the public on June 20, 2026. Located in The Grand LA, a Frank Gehry-designed building, DATALAND is in downtown Los Angeles in the Grand Avenue Cultural District. It covers 35,000 square feet and features many rooms, which are occupied by the exhibition Machine Dreams: Rainforest. The exhibition uses sound and pictures to make you feel like you are standing in a real rainforest. It was inspired by a trip that Anadol and his co-founder, Efsun, made to the Amazon rainforest years ago. The exhibition unfolds across five rooms, with amazing sensory elements based on millions of images and sounds of nature. The custom-built (定制的) AI model used to create the exhibition was trained on data collected first-hand from 16 rainforests across the globe. A big problem with AI is that it often steals data and content without the owner’s permission. DATALAND, in contrast, has established data partnerships with leading cultural and scientific organizations in London. “The best way to achieve responsible data management of exhibits is to build our own models and be completely open about where our data comes from,” says Anadol. People also worry about the environment. Data centers use a lot of resources and put pressure on nature, which is already struggling. DATALAND recognizes this and has taken steps to lessen its carbon footprint. Its Large Nature Model (LNM) is hosted on a specialized Google Cloud server located in Oregon. It runs on 87% carbon-free, renewable energy. In addition, the energy a visitor uses is about the same as the energy needed to charge one mobile phone. DATALAND has been a long time coming. “After a journey of many years, we are so excited to finally share DATALAND with the public,” says Anadol. 8．What does the underlined word “culminated” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Ending suddenly. B．Coming to the top. C．Changing direction. D．Returning to normal. 9．What is special about the AI model used in the exhibition? A．It was trained on real rainforest data. B．It is the world’s first AI model for art. C．It was developed by a London museum. D．It focuses on recreating the sound of nature. 10．What does Anadol value in using AI? A．The quality of data. B．The innovation of models. C．The honesty in data usage. D．The application of models. 11．Which word best describes DATALAND? A．Nature-destroying. B．Record-breaking. C．Profit-making. D．Energy-saving. 【答案】8．B 9．A 10．C 11．D 【导语】文章主要报道了全球首家AI艺术博物馆DATALAND的落成、展览特色及其在数据与环保方面的责任实践。 【详解】8．词句猜测题。​ 根据第一段中“Years of this work culminated in DATALAND, the world’s first museum of AI art, which opened to the public on June 20, 2026.(多年的这项工作culminated于DATALAND——全球首家AI艺术博物馆，于2026年6月20日对公众开放)”可知，经过多年的努力，Anadol的工作达到了顶峰，最终诞生了这家博物馆。culminated意为“达到顶点”，与Coming to the top意思相近。 9．细节理解题。​根据第三段中“The custom-built (定制的) AI model used to create the exhibition was trained on data collected first-hand from 16 rainforests across the globe.(用于创建展览的定制AI模型是根据从全球16个热带雨林收集的第一手数据进行训练的)”可知，该展览使用的AI模型的特别之处在于它是用真实的雨林数据训练的。 10．推理判断题。​根据第四段中“The best way to achieve responsible data management of exhibits is to build our own models and be completely open about where our data comes from(实现展品负责任数据管理的最佳方式是建立自己的模型，并完全公开数据来源)”可知，Anadol在AI使用中重视数据使用的诚实性和透明度。 11．推理判断题。​根据第五段中“DATALAND recognizes this and has taken steps to lessen its carbon footprint. Its Large Nature Model (LNM) is hosted on a specialized Google Cloud server located in Oregon. It runs on 87% carbon-free, renewable energy. In addition, the energy a visitor uses is about the same as the energy needed to charge one mobile phone.(DATALAND意识到了这一点，并已采取措施减少其碳足迹。其“大自然模型（LNM）”托管在位于俄勒冈州的一个专门的谷歌云服务器上。它使用87%无碳的可再生能源运行。此外，一位参观者所消耗的能量大约相当于给一部手机充电所需的能量)”可知，DATALAND具有节能的特点。 D Being a people-pleaser (讨好型人格) is second nature to many people. We tend to calm those around us and often don’t think of our own needs. Actually, it is unhealthy to do so. 12 Here are some tips one can follow. • Be sure of your own value. You were created differently from every other human. Overcoming people-pleasing starts with clearly knowing the value of your thoughts and actions, and that your presence matters. By pleasing people at the cost of your own desires, you’re forgetting that you are here for a reason. • 13 When something goes wrong, it’s quite natural for me to say sorry. It is pretty true of you if you’re a people-pleaser too. However, before words of apology trip from your lips, stop and look at the situation. Apologize sincerely and timely if it’s really your fault. Otherwise just let it go. • Keep saying no. 14 Indeed, getting over people-pleasing requires people to understand that you can say no and mean it. Saying no may be hard, but the more you say it, the more you understand how important it is to say. • Speak up. People-pleasers like to agree with the masses. We are quiet, listening, waiting to agree on whatever decision is reached. Many times, I simply stayed quiet and agreed, even when I really didn’t like the plans at all. And bitterness surged (涌出) when I was asked to deal with what I didn’t want. 15 Even sometimes you have to shout so as to be heard. Without any doubt, it’s difficult to go against the nature that you tend to please everyone around you. 16 It’s the same with me. The best part is that we get the beauty of a new day to try all over again. A．Say sorry actively. B．Apologize properly. C．It seems common to agree to everything. D．You may return to your old habits halfway. E．It’s easy for people-pleasers to refuse others’ requests. F．What matters much is to change some of your daily habits. G．Learn to use your voice bravely if you’d like to get over people-pleasing. 【答案】12．F 13．B 14．C 15．G 16．D 【导语】文章介绍了讨好型人格的危害，并给出了几条克服讨好型人格的实用建议。 【详解】12．上文“We tend to calm those around us and often don’t think of our own needs. Actually, it is unhealthy to do so. (我们倾向于安抚周围的人，常常不考虑自己的需求。实际上，这样做是不健康的。)”指出讨好型人格不健康，下文“Here are some tips one can follow. (以下是一些可以遵循的建议。)”引出具体的建议。F项“What matters much is to change some of your daily habits. (重要的是改变你的一些日常习惯。)”承接上文应做出改变，并且选项中的“change some of your daily habits”与下文的“tips”相呼应，说明需要改变习惯。 13．本段下文“When something goes wrong, it’s quite natural for me to say sorry... Apologize sincerely and timely if it’s really your fault. Otherwise just let it go. (当事情出错时，我说抱歉是很自然的……如果真的是你的错，就真诚及时地道歉。否则就随它去吧。)”说明本段讲的是如何恰当地道歉，即只在真正是自己的错时才道歉。B项“Apologize properly. (恰当地道歉。)”概括了本段内容，适合作本段小标题。 14．本段小标题为“Keep saying no. (坚持说‘不’。)”，下文“Indeed, getting over people-pleasing requires people to understand that you can say no and mean it. (确实，克服讨好型人格需要人们明白你可以说‘不’，并且是认真的。)”说明讨好型人格的人需要学会拒绝。C项“It seems common to agree to everything. (似乎对一切都表示同意是很常见的。)”指出讨好型人格的人习惯于同意一切，与下文形成对比，引出要学会说“不”。 15．本段小标题为“Speak up. (大胆说出来。)”，上文“Many times, I simply stayed quiet and agreed, even when I really didn’t like the plans at all. (很多时候，我只是保持沉默并同意，即使我根本不喜欢这些计划。)”说明讨好型人格的人常常沉默顺从，下文“Even sometimes you have to shout so as to be heard. (甚至有时你必须大声喊出来才能被听到。)”强调要勇敢发声。G项“Learn to use your voice bravely if you’d like to get over people-pleasing. (如果你想克服讨好型人格，就要学会勇敢地发出自己的声音。)”承上启下，符合题意。 16．上文“Without any doubt, it’s difficult to go against the nature that you tend to please everyone around you. (毫无疑问，违背你倾向于取悦周围每个人的天性是很困难的。)”说明改变讨好型人格很困难，下文“It’s the same with me. The best part is that we get the beauty of a new day to try all over again. (我也一样。最美好的是，我们拥有新的一天，可以重新尝试。)”说明改变过程中可能会反复。D项“You may return to your old habits halfway. (你可能会中途回到旧习惯。)”与下文“try all over again”相呼应。 二、完形填空 The King’s Speech is a 2010 British film directed by Tom Hooper. The film stars Colin Firth as King George VI, Geoffrey Rush as Lionel Logue and Helena Bonham Carter as Queen Elizabeth. At the 83rd Academy Awards (the Oscars), the film 17 Best Picture and Colin Firth won Best Actor in a Leading Role. Based on a true story, the film is set in London in the 1930s. Prince Albert, second son of King George V, suffers from a terrible speech 18 . The Prince has given up 19 of a cure but his wife, Elizabeth, takes him to see Lionel Logue, an Australian speech doctor living in London. Although the two men have very different backgrounds and do not get along at first, they eventually become 20 . After the Prince’s elder brother gives up being King, Prince Albert 21 King George VI. The film looks like a fairly typical historical film without fancy special 22 , and it is made enjoyable by the performances of the main actors. Firth is successful in showing us the King’s 23 as well as his courage. He has great chemistry with Rush and Bonham Carter, whose characters are both very 24 . In the meantime, Hooper skilfully creates uncertainty and 25 with narrow indoor sets and dark lighting. All in all, I highly 26 this film. If you enjoy true stories or films about history, you will 27 The King’s Speech. The film’s 28 lies not only in its moving story but also in the excellent acting of the cast. Colin Firth’s 29 of the King’s inner pain and strength is simply perfect. Geoffrey Rush also delivers a wonderful 30 as the speech doctor. It is no wonder that the film has become a 31 among historical drama lovers. 17．A．defeated B．won C．held D．designed 18．A．problem B．skill C．gift D．habit 19．A．idea B．hope C．plan D．dream 20．A．enemies B．strangers C．friends D．partners 21．A．becomes B．meets C．visits D．follows 22．A．facts B．effects C．efforts D．goals 23．A．joys B．struggles C．secrets D．memories 24．A．believable B．uncomfortable C．forgettable D．terrible 25．A．happiness B．calmness C．tension D．freedom 26．A．watch B．recommend C．doubt D．replace 27．A．miss B．accept C．love D．create 28．A．success B．failure C．difficulty D．pressure 29．A．description B．performance C．introduction D．discussion 30．A．role B．speech C．song D．story 31．A．toy B．symbol C．puzzle D．classic 【答案】 17．B 18．A 19．B 20．C 21．A 22．B 23．B 24．A 25．C 26．B 27．C 28．A 29．B 30．A 31．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了电影《国王的演讲》的主创、剧情、亮点及推荐理由，展现了影片的成功之处。 17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在第83届奥斯卡金像奖上，这部电影获得了最佳影片奖，科林·费尔斯获得了最佳男主角奖。A. defeated击败；B. won赢得；C. held举办；D. designed设计。根据后文“Colin Firth won Best Actor”可知，此处对应赢得最佳影片奖。故选B。 18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：乔治五世的次子阿尔伯特王子患有严重的语言障碍。A. problem问题；B. skill技能；C. gift礼物；D. habit习惯。根据后文“an Australian speech doctor”可推测，王子有语言方面的问题。故选A。 19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：王子已经放弃了治愈的希望，但他的妻子伊丽莎白带他去见了住在伦敦的澳大利亚语言治疗师莱昂内尔·洛格。A. idea想法；B. hope希望；C. plan计划；D. dream梦想。根据前文“suffers from a terrible speech ____”和转折词but可知，王子原本对治愈已经没有希望。故选B。 20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管两人背景迥异，起初相处并不融洽，但他们最终成了朋友。A. enemies敌人；B. strangers陌生人；C. friends朋友；D. partners伙伴。根据前文“do not get along at first”和转折词although可知，此处应是最终关系变好，成为朋友，符合语境逻辑。故选C。 21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在王子的哥哥放弃王位后，阿尔伯特王子成为了乔治六世国王。A. becomes成为；B. meets遇见；C. visits拜访；D. follows跟随。根据前文“his elder brother gives up being King”可知，阿尔伯特王子接替王位，成为国王。故选A。 22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这部电影看起来是一部相当典型的历史片，没有华丽的特效，但主要演员的表演使其充满乐趣。A. facts事实；B. effects效果；C. efforts努力；D. goals目标。根据上文“historical film”的特点可知，历史片没有华丽的特效。故选B。 23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：费尔斯成功地向我们展现了国王的挣扎与勇气。A. joys快乐；B. struggles挣扎；C. secrets秘密；D. memories回忆。根据前文王子患有严重语言障碍、努力克服的剧情，以及后文“inner pain”可知，此处指国王的挣扎。故选B。 24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他与拉什和博纳姆·卡特配合默契，他们饰演的角色都非常可信。A. believable可信的；B. uncomfortable不舒服的；C. forgettable易被忘记的；D. terrible糟糕的。根据前文“it is made enjoyable by the performances of the main actors”可知，演员表演出色，角色塑造得可信。故选A。 25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，胡珀巧妙地利用狭窄的室内场景和昏暗的灯光营造出不确定性和紧张感。A. happiness快乐；B. calmness平静；C. tension紧张感；D. freedom自由。根据上文“uncertainty”和和文“narrow indoor sets and dark lighting”可知，此处应是营造出紧张的氛围。故选C。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：总而言之，我强烈推荐这部电影。A. watch观看；B. recommend推荐；C. doubt怀疑；D. replace代替。根据前文“In the meantime, Hooper skilfully creates uncertainty and ____ with narrow indoor sets and dark lighting.”对电影的正面评价可知，此处是推荐这部电影。故选B。 27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你喜欢真实故事或历史题材电影，你会爱上《国王的演讲》。A. miss错过；B. accept接受；C. love喜爱；D. create创造。根据前文“if you enjoy true stories or films about history”可知，此处指会喜爱这部电影。故选C。 28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这部电影的成功不仅在于其感人的故事，还在于演员们出色的表演。A. success成功；B. failure失败；C. difficulty困难；D. pressure压力。根据前文“At the 83rd Academy Awards (the Oscars), the film ____ Best Picture and Colin Firth won Best Actor in a Leading Role.”可知，此处指电影的成功之处。故选A。 29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：科林·费尔斯对国王内心痛苦与力量的演绎堪称完美。A. description描述；B. performance演绎、表演；C. introduction介绍；D. discussion讨论。根据前文“the excellent acting of the cast”可知，此处指费尔斯对国王角色的演绎。故选B。 30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：杰弗里·拉什也作为语言治疗师演绎了一个精彩的角色。A. role角色；B. speech演讲；C. song歌曲；D. story故事。根据前文“Geoffrey Rush as Lionel Logue”可知，此处指他演绎的角色很精彩。故选A。 31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：难怪这部电影成为了历史剧爱好者中的经典之作。A. toy玩具；B. symbol象征；C. puzzle谜题；D. classic经典之作。根据前文对电影的高度评价、奥斯卡获奖情况可知，这部电影在历史剧爱好者中成为经典。故选D。 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Making good habits in high school is really important. High school is when you start doing more things on your own. Here is why it’s a good idea to get into good habits now. Good habits help you do better in school. If you can keep track of your time, you can handle your homework and have fun too. This means you’ll get better 32 (score). You can do this by making 33 schedule for when to do your homework and study. Good habits help you stay healthy and happy. Playing sports, eating right, and getting enough sleep 34 (be) good for your body and your mind. These habits can help you feel less worried and more ready 35 (face) difficult situations. What’s more, good habits teach you to be 36 (real) responsible and independent. If you learn to manage your time and tasks well, you can take care of yourself. This gets you ready for the 37 (free) you’ll have in college and later in life. High school is a big time for making habits 38 will stay with you. These habits help you do well 39 campus and make you a happier and 40 (healthy) person. Work on making good habits now, 41 you’ll be ready for whatever comes next. 【答案】 32．scores 33．a 34．are 35．to face 36．really 37．freedom 38．that/which 39．on 40．healthier 41．and 【导语】文章介绍了高中生养成良好习惯的重要意义。 【详解】32．考查名词复数。句意：这意味着你会取得更好的分数。score是可数名词，此处表示泛指，用复数形式scores作宾语。 33．考查冠词。句意：你可以制定一份时间表，安排做作业和学习的时间。schedule是可数名词单数，发音以辅音音素开头，make a schedule 是固定搭配，表示“制定时间表”。 34．考查主谓一致。句意：做运动、合理饮食和充足睡眠对你的身心有益。主语是三个动名词并列，视为复数，陈述客观事实，为一般现在时，be动词用are。 35．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些习惯能帮你减少焦虑，更从容地面对困境。固定搭配be ready to do sth. 意为“准备好做某事”。 36．考查副词。句意：此外，好习惯教会你真正有责任心、独立。此处修饰形容词responsible，要用副词really。 37．考查名词。句意：这让你为大学以及之后生活里将拥有的自由做好准备。定冠词the后面需要名词，free的名词形式是freedom作宾语。 38．考查定语从句关系词。句意：高中是培养伴你一生的习惯的关键时期。先行词habits指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用that或者which。 39．考查介词。句意：这些习惯帮你在校园里表现出色，并让你成为一个更快乐、更健康的人。固定搭配on campus 在校园里。 40．考查形容词比较级。句意：这些习惯帮你在校园里表现出色，并让你成为一个更快乐、更健康的人。and连接并列比较级，happier是比较级，healthy的比较级是healthier作定语。 41．考查连词。句意：现在努力养成好习惯，你就可以从容应对接下来的一切。本句是“祈使句 + and + 陈述句”结构，表示顺承关系。 四、书信写作 42．假定你是李华，近期你发现你的很多同学在用AI帮他们完成写作任务。请你写一篇短文向校英语报“Academic Life”栏目投稿，反映这一情况。内容包括： 1.你对这一现象的看法； 2.你的建议。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Editor, Recently, I’ve noticed many of my classmates rely on AI to finish their writing tasks. In my opinion, this is not a wise choice. Although AI can produce smooth articles quickly, it robs us of chances to practise independent thinking. If we depend on it too much, we will slowly lose our own ideas and writing skills. I suggest we treat AI as a helper rather than a replacement. We can use it to collect information or correct errors, but always finish our writings by ourselves. True progress comes from our own efforts. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生写一篇短文向校英语报“Academic Life”栏目投稿，说明对学生使用AI完成作业的看法以及建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 依赖：rely on → count on 明智的：wise → advisable 使用：use → utilize 完成：finish → complete 2.句式拓展 句型转换 原句：We can use it to collect information or correct errors, but always finish our writings by ourselves. 拓展句：While we can use it to collect information or correct errors, we should always finish our writings by ourselves. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Although AI can produce smooth articles quickly, it robs us of chances to practise independent thinking.（运用了Although引导让步状语从句） 【高分句型2】I suggest we treat AI as a helper rather than a replacement.（运用了省略that的宾语从句） 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题12 状语从句 【析】学考考查要点|【汇】知识清单盘点|【研】核心专题精讲|【练】巩固提升训练 —— 目 录 —— 析|学考考查要点 汇|知识清单盘点 研|核心专题精讲 考点 状语从句中引导词的选用 练|巩固提升训练 本模块依据《普通高中英语课程标准（2017年版2025年修订）》对本专题在学考中的要求进行梳理，并结合近年全国各地学业水平考试命题实践作出趋势判断。 1.1 课标依据与学考层级要求 状语从句在课标附录 3“三、句法 → 10. 主从复合句 → (2) 状语从句”中不带星号——与宾语从句并列，属“义务教育阶段学习过、高中必修课程应该熟练掌握”的内容。这意味着九大类状语从句的全部基本用法都是学考的合法考点。需要特别区分的是：状语从句本身的省略归入“11. 省略”条目并标注一个星号，属必修；而从句中出现的倒装（如 Child as he is）、虚拟语气（如 as if he knew）分别归入“12. 倒装”“14. 虚拟语气”，均标注三个星号，属选修（提高类），学考不作要求，本讲义只作辨认提示。 类别 课标层级 学考具体要求 认知层次 常见题型 时间状语从句 必修（不带星号） 掌握 when / while / as 的分工；掌握 until、since、as soon as、the moment；掌握主将从现 熟练掌握 单项选择、语法填空、写作 条件状语从句 必修（不带星号） 掌握 if / unless / as long as / in case；unless 不再加 not；从句不用将来时 熟练掌握 单项选择、语法填空 原因状语从句 必修（不带星号） 掌握 because / since / as / now that 的语气强弱与位置；区分 because 与 because of 熟练掌握 单项选择、写作 目的与结果状语从句 必修（不带星号） 掌握 so that 的双重身份；掌握 so ... that 与 such ... that 的区分与转换 熟练掌握 单项选择、语法填空 让步状语从句 必修（不带星号） 掌握 though / although / even if；掌握 疑问词+ever 与 no matter+疑问词；不与 but 连用 熟练掌握 单项选择、写作 方式 · 地点 · 比较状语从句 必修（不带星号） 掌握 as、as if、where、wherever、than、the more ... the more 的基本用法 熟练掌握 单项选择、完形填空 状语从句的省略 必修（一个星号） 掌握从句主语与主句主语一致且含 be 时的省略（when / if / though ＋ 分词） 熟练掌握 语法填空、写作 主将从现（时态呼应） 必修（时态条目） 掌握时间、条件、让步从句用现在时表将来的规律及 if 表“是否”的例外 熟练掌握 单项选择、语法填空 倒装式让步、as if 虚拟 选修（提高类，三个星号） 只要求辨认（Child as he is；as if he knew），不作构造要求 了解 阅读理解 易错提醒一：不要被“超纲形式”吓住，也不要把它当考点 as if 后接虚拟形式（He talks as if he knew everything.）属虚拟语气，课标标注三个星号，学考不作要求——能读懂即可，不必会写。 as 引导的倒装式让步从句（Child as he is 表语前置）属倒装，同为三个星号，只作辨认。 真正要过关的是必修部分：九类连词的辨析、主将从现、so / such 的区分、although 不与 but 连用——这四项覆盖了学考状语从句的绝大多数题目。 本讲义的处理原则：必修内容讲透并配足练习；选修（提高类）形式单列一行、注明层级，不作展开。 1.2 学考与高考的考查差异 状语从句在两类考试中都是高频考点，但命题的重心不同：学考偏重“连词辨析与时态呼应”，高考在此基础上更强调“在语篇中判断逻辑关系”。复习次序应是先按学考标准把连词与规矩练到自动化，再向语篇理解延伸。 比较维度 学业水平考试（学考） 高考 考查重心 连词的正确选用与主将从现等时态规矩 逻辑关系判断（让步、因果、条件、目的）与语篇衔接 题干形态 单句为主，两个分句关系清晰，干扰项多为近义连词 长句、多重复合句与语篇型填空，常需结合上下文判断逻辑关系 典型设题 直接填连词；或给出中文释义，选择译法正确的句子 完形与语法填空中根据上下文逻辑选词；阅读中据连接词判断句间关系 干扰项设计 利用 because ... so、although ... but、unless 加 not 设坑 利用近义连词（while / when / as；since / because）与逗号有无设坑 时态考查 主将从现是必考点，几乎每年出现 与完成时、过去时综合考查，重点在 since、by the time 等固定搭配 写作要求 会用常见的三到五类从句即可，正确性优先 要求从句种类丰富、位置灵活，且能与非谓语结构交替使用以避免句式单调 易错提醒二：学考最常见的三类失分点 第一类：从属连词与并列连词连用。 受汉语“虽然……但是”“因为……所以”影响，写出 Although ..., but ...。 第二类：条件、时间从句里用了将来时。 If it will rain、when he will come——一律改为现在时。 第三类：so 与 such 混用。 记住：so 后接形容词或副词，such 后接名词短语；但 so many / so much / so few / so little 是固定搭配，要用 so。 1.3 2027命题趋势观察与备考策略 综合近年全国各地学业水平考试与高考英语的命制实践，状语从句这一考点呈现三条较为稳定的趋势。把握趋势的目的是把复习时间投到出现概率最高、区分度最大的地方。 趋势 表现 备考动作 趋势一：从“背连词”转向“判逻辑” 单纯考“哪个词表让步”的题目占比下降；需要先判断两句之间是什么逻辑关系再选词的题目占比上升 把九类连词按“时间、条件、原因、目的、结果、让步、方式、地点、比较”做成九宫格，见到题先定逻辑类别，再定连词 趋势二：语法填空与语篇型填空成为主战场 无提示词的空格中，状语从句连词是稳定考点；常与时态呼应、省略结构结合命题 建立“先判逻辑关系 → 再看主从句时态 → 最后看是否省略”的固定作答顺序 趋势三：写作中的句式多样性要求提高 只用单一的时间或原因从句已难以拿到高分；恰当使用让步、目的、结果从句能明显提升表达层次 每周在作文中有意识地写 3 句不同类型的状语从句，并自查“有没有双连词、有没有误用将来时” 备考策略四条 ● 第一条：先记九宫格。 类别决定连词范围，逻辑判断准了，选项立刻能缩到两三个。 ● 第二条：把主将从现练成条件反射。 见到时间、条件、让步从句，先扫一眼从句谓语是不是将来时——是，基本就是错项。 ● 第三条：成对记易混连词。 when / while / as；because / since / as / for；so ... that / such ... that；if / unless；though / although——成对记比单独记牢固。 ● 第四条：以写促记。 写作时每次至少用两类状语从句，并对照表10 的六问自查，比刷单选题更能固化搭配。 易错提醒三：语法填空的作答顺序（建议固定下来） 第一步：判断空格前后是两个句子还是一个句子——是两句，才考虑连词。 第二步：判断两句之间的逻辑关系（时间？条件？让步？目的？结果？）。 第三步：在该类连词中选取，并注意固定搭配（not ... until、so ... that、such ... that、as ... as、the more ... the more）。 第四步：检查时态——时间、条件、让步从句中不能出现 will。 第五步：回读全句，确认没有出现“从属连词 ＋ 并列连词”的搭配。 2.1 状语从句九大类总览 状语从句是在复合句中作状语的从句，用来修饰主句的谓语动词或整个主句，回答“何时、何地、为何、怎样、在什么条件下、导致什么结果”等问题。按表达的逻辑关系，中学阶段分为九类。 类别 常用连词 例句 位置与标志 时间 when、while、as、before、after、until / till、since、as soon as、the moment、every time、once、by the time When he arrived, we were having dinner. 位置灵活；主句为将来时，从句用现在时 地点 where、wherever Where there is a will, there is a way. 多置于主句之后 原因 because、since、as、now that He didn't come because he was ill. because 可置句末，since / as 多置句首 条件 if、unless、as long as、in case、on condition that、once If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home. 位置灵活；遵循主将从现 目的 so that、in order that、in case、for fear that He got up early so that he could catch the bus. 从句常含 can / could / may / might 结果 so ... that、such ... that、so that He was so tired that he fell asleep at once. 从句前常有逗号；不含情态动词 让步 though、although、even if、even though、while、whatever / however、no matter what / how Although he is young, he knows a lot. 可置句首或句末；不与 but 连用 方式 as、as if、as though、the way Do as I tell you. 多置于主句之后 比较 as ... as、not so / as ... as、than、the more ... the more He is taller than I am. 从句常可省略与主句相同的部分 ★ 三条通律（学状语从句先记住这三条） 通律一：状语从句修饰主句的谓语或整个主句，在句中作状语，回答“何时、何地、为何、怎样、什么条件、什么结果”等问题。 通律二：状语从句的连词是从属连词，不能与并列连词（and、but、so、or）配对使用——这是 because ... so、although ... but 两类错误的根源。 通律三：从句位置可前可后；置于句首时，一般用逗号与主句隔开。 使用状语从句有三条通律必须记住：其一，从句修饰的是主句的动作或整个主句；其二，从属连词不能与并列连词（and、but、so、or）配对使用——这是汉语负迁移的高发区；其三，从句位置可前可后，置于句首时一般用逗号隔开。 易错提醒四：状语从句与定语从句、名词性从句的分界 状语从句：前面没有被修饰的名词，连词只起连接作用，不作成分。He was reading when I came in. 定语从句：前面有先行词，关系词在从句中充当成分。I still remember the day when we first met. 名词性从句：从句在句中充当主语、宾语、表语或同位语。I don't know when he will come. 速判：看从句前的词——抽象名词或名词 → 定语或同位语从句；及物动词 → 宾语从句；两者都不是 → 多半是状语从句。 2.2 时间状语从句 时间状语从句是学考出现频率最高的一类，核心是两组：when / while / as 的分工，以及 until、since、as soon as 三条特殊规矩。此外主将从现是必考项。 连词 用法要点 例句 易错提示 when 既可指时间点也可指时间段；从句动词可以是短暂性或延续性；还可用于“正在……这时” When he came in, I was reading. I was about to leave when the phone rang. “be doing / be about to do ... when ...”是固定句式，when 不可换成 while while 从句动词必须是延续性动词；强调“在……期间”；还可表对比“而” While I was reading, he was writing. He likes sports while I like music. While he came in（came 是短暂性动词，错误） as 强调“随着”或“一边……一边”，两个动作同时推进 As time went by, he grew stronger. as 表“随着”时，主从句动作通常同步变化 before / after 在……之前 / 之后；也可译作“才”“就” Think before you act. He left after the meeting ended. 从句同样遵循主将从现：I will wait before he comes. until / till 肯定式表动作持续到某时；not ... until 表“直到……才” He waited until midnight. He didn't come until midnight. 主句动词为短暂性时必须用否定式：He came until midnight（错误） since “自从”；从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时 I have not seen him since he left. since he has left（错误）；It is / has been three years since ... as soon as / the moment “一……就……”；the moment、the minute、the instant、immediately、directly 也可作连词 I called him as soon as I got the news. 同样遵循主将从现：I will call you as soon as I arrive. every time / next time 名词短语直接充当连词，表“每次／下次” Every time I see him, he is reading. 这类结构前不加介词 once / by the time once“一旦”；by the time“到……时候为止” Once you start, you must go on. By the time he arrived, we had left. by the time 后从句为过去时，主句多用过去完成时 ★ 五条时态规矩（时间状语从句的命门） 规矩一：主将从现——主句用将来时，时间状语从句用一般现在时表将来：I will tell him when he comes.（不用 will come） 规矩二：since 从句用过去时，主句用现在完成时（It is / has been ＋ 时间段 ＋ since ...）。 规矩三：主句为短暂性动词时，until 必须与 not 连用。 规矩四：while 从句动词必须延续；短暂性动作只能用 when。 规矩五：by the time 从句为过去时，主句用过去完成时。 易错提醒五：when 的两个特殊句式 句式一：be doing ... when ...（正在做……这时……）——I was reading when the light went out. 句式二：be about to do ... when ...（正要做……这时……）——I was about to leave when he came. 这两个句式中的 when 不能换成 while，因为它表示“就在此时突然发生”，是时间点而非时间段。 补充：hardly ... when / no sooner ... than（一……就……）含倒装，课标标注三个星号，学考不作要求，阅读中能读懂即可。 2.3 条件状语从句 条件状语从句的连词不多，但unless 的否定含义与从句不用将来时是两条高频设题点。此外 if 的两种身份（如果／是否）也常在同一题里出现。 连词 含义与用法 例句 易错提示 if 如果（真实条件）；也可引导宾语从句表“是否” If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home. 引导条件状语从句时从句用现在时表将来；表“是否”时可用将来时 unless 除非；如果不 ＝ if ... not You will fail unless you work hard. （＝ if you don't work hard） 本身已含否定，从句中不能再加 not as long as / so long as 只要（强调必要条件） You can go out as long as you come back before ten. 只有“只要”义，没有“和……一样长”的义（后者是同级比较） in case 万一；以防（表防备，也可归入目的状语） Take an umbrella in case it rains. in case 后不用将来时：in case it rains（不用 will rain） on condition that / provided (that) 条件是；假如（较正式） You can go on condition that you finish your homework. that 可省略（provided 后）；on condition that 中的 that 一般保留 once 一旦（兼有时间意味） Once you understand it, you will find it easy. 同样遵循主将从现 suppose (that) / supposing 假如；假定（提出假设） Suppose it rains, what shall we do? 主句常用疑问句或将来时 易错提醒六：if 的两种身份与 will 的例外 if 表“如果”：引导条件状语从句，遵循主将从现——If it rains, we will stay. if 表“是否”：引导宾语从句，时态不受限制——I don't know if he will come. will 的例外：条件从句中表“愿意、执意”时可用 will——If you will help me, I shall be grateful.（will 在此不是将来时，而是意愿） unless 的替换：unless ＝ if ... not，改写时必须把 not 补回去——Unless you work hard ＝ If you don't work hard. 2.4 原因状语从句 四个表示原因的词 because、since、as、for 在语气强弱、位置与词性上各不相同。学考最常考的是because 与 so 不能连用，以及 because 与 because of 的分工。 连词 语气与用法 例句 位置与限制 because 语气最强，表示直接原因或理由；用来回答 why；可用于强调句与 because of 短语 He didn't come because he was ill. 可置句首或句末；不能与 so 连用；后接名词时用 because of since 既然；由于——双方都已知道的原因，语气较弱 Since everyone is here, let's begin. 多置于句首；不能回答 why as 由于——语气更弱，常带“顺便说明”的意味 As it was getting dark, we hurried home. 多置于句首；as 身份多（时间、方式、比较、让步），须据句意判断 now that 既然（强调出现了新情况） Now that you have grown up, you should decide for yourself. 常置于句首；that 常可省略 for 并列连词，补充说明或推断的理由，不是真正的状语从句连词 It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 不能置于句首；前面常用逗号；不能与 because 互换 ★ 三条辨析要点 要点一：语气强弱排序 because ＞ since ＞ as；回答 why 一律用 because。 要点二：because ＋ 句子，because of ＋ 名词或动名词——because of he was ill（错误），应改为 because he was ill 或 because of his illness。 要点三：for 是并列连词，它连接的是两个并列的句子成分，因此不能放在句首，也不能用于强调句，这是区分 for 与 because 最可靠的标志。 易错提醒七：because of 与 because 的分工 because ＋ 句子（含主语和谓语）：He didn't come because he was ill. because of ＋ 名词或动名词：He didn't come because of his illness. 典型错例：because of he was ill —— 后面是句子，必须用 because。 同理：thanks to、due to、owing to 也都是介词短语，后面只能接名词性成分。 2.5 目的与结果状语从句 这两类最容易混淆，因为 so that 同时具备两种身份。区分的钥匙是从句里有没有情态动词：有，多半是目的；没有，多半是结果。 类型与连词 用法要点 例句 判别标志 目的：so that 以便、为了；从句表示主句动作的目的 He got up early so that he could catch the bus. 从句常含 can / could / may / might / will / would 目的：in order that 以便；比 so that 正式；可置于句首 In order that we might start early, he booked a taxi. 同样含情态动词；in order to 后接动词原形（不是从句） 目的：in case / for fear that 以防、以免 Take your coat in case it gets cold. in case 后不用将来时；for fear that 从句常用 should 结果：so ... that 如此……以致；so 后接形容词或副词 He was so tired that he fell asleep at once. 不含情态动词；that 在从句中不作成分（that 常可省） 结果：such ... that 如此……以致；such 后接名词短语 It was such a difficult problem that nobody could solve it. such ＋ a / an ＋ 形容词 ＋ 单数名词 结果：so that 因此、结果（与目的同形，靠语境区分） He got up late, so that he missed the bus. 有逗号、无措辞性情态动词、叙述已发生的事实 → 结果 易错提醒八：so ... that 与 such ... that 的三个转换 转换一：such ＋ a / an ＋ 形容词 ＋ 单数名词 ＝ so ＋ 形容词 ＋ a / an ＋ 单数名词——such a good boy ＝ so good a boy。 转换二：后面是复数名词或不可数名词时，只能用 such——such good boys、such bad weather（不用 so）。 例外：so many / so few ＋ 复数名词，so much / so little ＋ 不可数名词（固定用 so）——so many books、so much water。 提示：so ... that 与 such ... that 中的 that 在从句中不作成分，口语中常可省略；这与 such ... as（定语从句，as 作成分）完全不同。 2.6 让步状语从句 让步状语从句表示“虽然、尽管、即使、无论”，是写作中提升句式层次的重要手段。学考的两条硬规则是：不与 but 连用，以及 疑问词+ever 与 no matter+疑问词的分工。 连词 含义与用法 例句 易错提示 though 虽然；口语常用；可置于句末作副词 Though he is young, he knows a lot. He knows a lot, though. 不与 but 连用；但可与 yet / still / nevertheless 连用 although 虽然；比 though 正式；不置于句末 Although it rained hard, they went on working. 同样不与 but 连用 even if / even though 即使；even if 偏假设，even though 偏事实 Even if it rains, I will go there. 语气比 though 更强，同样不与 but 连用 while 虽然、尽管（用于句首，含对比意味） While I understand your point, I can't agree with you. while 三身份：时间（当……时）、让步（虽然）、对比（而） whatever / whoever 等 无论什么／无论谁 ＝ 疑问词 ＋ ever；在从句中充当成分 Whatever he says, I won't believe him. whatever 在从句中作 says 的宾语；也可引导名词性从句 no matter what / how 等 无论什么／无论怎样；只引导让步状语从句 No matter what he says, I won't believe him. 只能引导状语从句，不能引导名词性从句（此处与 whatever 不同） whether ... or ... 无论……还是…… Whether it rains or not, we will start on time. whether ... or not 中的 or not 可置于句末或紧接 whether 易错提醒九：although / though 与 but、yet 的搭配 不能与 but 连用：Although he is young, but he knows a lot. → Although he is young, he knows a lot. 或 He is young, but he knows a lot. 可以与 yet / still 连用：Although he is young, yet he knows a lot.（yet 是副词，不是连词，不构成“双连词”） though 可作副词置于句末：He knows a lot, though.（＝ 不过，话虽如此）although 没有这种用法。 whatever 与 no matter what：两者都可引导让步状语从句；但只有 whatever 能引导名词性从句——No matter what he says is true（错误），应改为 Whatever he says is true. 2.7 方式 · 地点 · 比较状语从句 这三类在学考中出现频率略低，但完形填空与阅读理解中时常出现，且 as 的多重身份、where 引导定语还是状语从句是两类典型设题点。 类型与连词 用法要点 例句 易错提示 方式：as 按照、如同；说明主句动作的方式 Do as I tell you. As the saying goes, practice makes perfect. as 在此不作成分，只起连接作用 方式：as if / as though 好像、似乎 He talks as if he knew everything. 后接虚拟形式（knew）属虚拟语气，三个星号，学考只作辨认 方式：the way 以……的方式（口语常用） He speaks the way his father does. the way 后可接从句，相当于 as 地点：where 在……的地方 Put the book where it was. 不是定语从句——前面没有被修饰的地点名词 地点：wherever / anywhere 无论在哪里 Wherever you go, I will follow you. ＝ no matter where，只引导状语从句 比较：as ... as / not so ... as 和……一样／不如……；同级比较 He is as tall as I (am). He is not so tall as I (am). 第二个 as 是连词；否定式用 not so / as ... as 均可 比较：than 比……；比较级 He is taller than I (am). than 后常省略与主句相同的成分 比较：the more ... the more ... 越……越……；前后都用 the ＋ 比较级 The harder you work, the greater progress you will make. 两个 the 都不能省；后半句可用陈述语序 ★ 三种容易混淆的身份 混淆一：as 有四重身份——时间（随着）、原因（由于）、方式（按照）、让步（虽然，倒装式），判断依据是句意与位置。 混淆二：where 引导定语从句还是地点状语从句——前面有地点名词是定语从句（the school where I study），没有地点名词是地点状语从句（Put it where it was）。 混淆三：as ... as 中的第二个 as 是连词，后面接从句；而 as 作介词时后面接名词（as a teacher）。 易错提醒十：where 是定语从句还是地点状语从句 看前面有没有表示地点的名词：有，是定语从句；没有，是地点状语从句。 定语从句：This is the school where I studied.（school 是先行词，where 作状语） 地点状语从句：Put the book where it was.（前面没有地点名词） 同理：when 前有时间是定语从句（the day when ...），前无时间名词则是时间状语从句（Call me when you arrive）。 2.8 状语从句的省略 从句主语与主句主语一致、且从句谓语含 be 动词时，可以省略“主语 ＋ be”，留下分词、形容词或介词短语。这一规则归入课标“11. 省略”条目，标注一个星号，属必修内容，学考可以直接考查。 项目 规则 例句 省略的前提 从句主语与主句主语一致（或从句主语为 it），且从句谓语含 be 动词 When (he was) asked about it, he kept silent. 时间从句省略 when / while / until 等 ＋ 现在分词（表主动进行） While (he was) reading, he fell asleep. 条件从句省略 if / unless 等 ＋ 过去分词（表被动） If (it is) heated, water will turn into steam. 让步从句省略 though / although ＋ 分词或形容词 Though (he was) tired, he went on working. 固定省略式 已经固化的说法，不必补全省略成分 if any（如果有的话）、if necessary（如有必要）、if so（如果这样）、when in doubt（有疑问时）、as usual（照常） 不能省略的情形 从句主语与主句主语不一致时不能省；从句谓语不含 be 动词时也不能省 When he arrived, ... 不能省成 When arriving（若主句主语不是 he 则错） ★ 两条判定要点与一处避坑 要点一：省略后剩下的分词，其逻辑主语必须是主句主语；若不一致，必须把从句主语写出来（独立主格属教材常规，不属课标条目，可不展开）。 要点二：after / before / since 后接动名词是介词用法，不是省略——After finishing the work, he went home.（after 在此是介词）。 避坑：语法填空中若空格后是分词，先判断主句主语能否充当该分词的逻辑主语，再决定填连词还是介词。 2.9 时态呼应：主将从现 主将从现是学考状语从句最稳定的考点，几乎每年出现：时间、条件、让步状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来，不用 will / shall。掌握这一条，就能拿下相当比例的时态类题目。 规律 说明 例句 主将从现 时间、条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来，主句用将来时 I will tell him the news when he comes. If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home. 主情从现 主句含情态动词（can、must、may）时，从句同样用现在时 You can go out if you finish your homework. 主祈从现 主句是祈使句时，从句用现在时 Don't get off the bus until it stops. since 的固定搭配 since 从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时 I have lived here since I was a child. It is / has been three years since he left. 过去时间的呼应 主句为过去时，从句也用相应的过去时态 He said he would come if he had time. ★ 三条易错提醒 提醒一：条件、时间、让步状语从句中一律不用将来时——if it will rain、when he will come 都是典型错误。 提醒二：if 表“是否”时不适用主将从现，因为它引导的是宾语从句：I don't know if he will come.（可用将来时） 提醒三：主将从现只管从句——主句仍按需要该用什么时态就用什么时态，不要把主句也改成现在时。 2.10 六类常见错误与正误对照 把常见错误归成六类，写作与改错时按类自查，效率最高。其中“双连词”“从句误用将来时”“so / such 混用”三类出现频率最高，应重点防范。 错误类型 错例 正解与理由 第一类：连词重复使用 Although he is young, but he knows a lot. Because he was ill, so he didn't come. Although he is young, he knows a lot.（去掉 but；或去掉 Although，改用 but） Because he was ill, he didn't come.（去掉 so） 理由：从属连词与并列连词不能配对使用，汉语的“虽然……但是”“因为……所以”在英语中只能取其一。 第二类：从句误用将来时 I will tell him when he will come back. I will tell him when he comes back. 理由：时间状语从句遵循主将从现。 第三类：unless 双重否定 You will fail unless you don't work hard. You will fail unless you work hard.（＝ if you don't work hard） 理由：unless 本身已含否定，从句中不能再加 not。 第四类：so ... that 与 such ... that 混用 It was so a difficult problem that nobody could solve it. It was such a difficult problem that ... 理由：so 后接形容词或副词，such 后接名词短语；但 so many / so much / so few / so little 是固定搭配。 第五类：since 从句时态错误 I have not seen him since he has left. I have not seen him since he left. 理由：since 从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。 第六类：while 后接短暂性动词 While he came in, I was reading. When he came in, I was reading. 理由：while 从句的动词必须是延续性动词。 ★ 写作自查六问 ① 有没有“虽然……但是”“因为……所以”的双连词？有就删掉一个。 ② 时间、条件从句里有没有误用 will？有就改成现在时。 ③ unless 后面有没有多加 not？有就删掉。 ④ so / such 后面跟的是形容词还是名词？形容词用 so，名词短语用 such。 ⑤ since 从句是不是用了过去时、主句是不是用了完成时？ ⑥ while 后面的动词是不是延续性的？不是就换 when。 考点一：状语从句中引导词的选用 例1. (2024年甘肃省普通高中学业水平考试英语试题) They think volunteering is so helpful 42 young people can learn more about society, which also helps them (they) to know how to work in a team and solve problems. 例2. （2024年陕西省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语试题）The baby pandas only weigh about 85 grams 41 they are born! 1．There were many cars in the street that I couldn’t get through. (用适当的词填空) 2．I read a book waiting for the bus. (用适当的词填空) 3．You can sit you like. (用适当的词填空) 4． he was reading, the phone rang. (用适当的词填空) 5． he was young, he lived in the country. (用适当的词填空) 6．It was he was ill that he didn't come. (用适当的词填空) 7．The flood was severe many fields were flooded. (用适当的词填空) 8．Many volunteers have kept helping the elderly they joined the community project. (用适当的词填空) 9．You can make a big difference you lose heart before trying. (用适当的词填空) 10．Even it is hard, we should never give up. (用适当的词填空) 11．With researchers working day and night to test new treatments for malaria, it won’t be long scientists find another herbal medicine like artemisinin to save millions of lives. (用适当的词填空) 12．It is such a moving story many readers are touched to tears. (用适当的词填空) 一、单项选择 1．________ time went on and the final exam was drawing near, the students began to concentrate more on their studies. A．With B．As C．While D．During 2．It was the first time ________ I went abroad ________ I was fascinated with everything around me. A．when; that B．/; when C．/; that D．that; when 3．We stayed at home ________ it rained. A．where B．so that C．because D．though 4．________ he is old, he still works every day. A．Because B．Although C．If D．That 5．________ you do make a mistake during the speech, that doesn’t really matter, and you should go on finishing your speech. A．Now that B．Even if C．As though D．In case 6．The disaster was ________ serious ________ hundreds of villages suffered heavy losses. A．such; that B．so; that C．such a; that D．so a; that 7．Our maths teacher is still talking with a smile on his face, ________ nothing embarrassing has happened. A．even if B．as if C．unless D．so that 8．The research team has recorded plenty of wildlife data ________ they set up the monitoring station in the reserve. A．before B．as C．since D．until 9．I was organising my words in my head ______ the girl next to me gave me a nudge. A．then B．while C．when D．suddenly 10．You can make progress ________ you stick to regular exercise. A．as soon as B．as long as C．even though D．as though 11．No matter ________ difficulties we meet, we must protect our cultural treasure. A．what B．that C．which D．how 12．________ you meet in the coming competition, keep calm and stick to your own plan. A．Wherever B．However C．Whenever D．Whatever 13．________ he was very tired, ________ he didn’t stop working. A．Although; but B．Although; / C．Because; so D．Because; / 14．I always get up early ________ I can get to school on time. A．as long as B．because of C．even though D．so that 15．The English teacher advised us to read more English novels, ________ we can improve our vocabulary and learn about different cultures. A．so that B．even though C．as if D．in case 二、单句语法填空 1． he says, don’t believe him. 2． it may take long to see results, small efforts can make a real difference. 3．So deeply had I longed for the moment tears filled my eyes the instant it came. 4．No matter difficulty you face, never give up our traditional culture. 5．The moment I saw her face, I knew that something terrible must have happened to her. 6． your problem is a new one, write a post about it and you can get advice from health experts on the forum. 7． working as a designer after graduation, he kept exploring and advancing his skills in wood carving. 8． the drink is gone, the straw will take centuries to disappear. 9．We will carry out the group discussion as planned there is a sudden change in the classroom arrangement. 10． the methods are correct, the more time you invest in review, the better results you will achieve. 11．He seldom takes part in after-school activities, he is buried in his review all day. 12．Poor he is, he is always willing to help others. 13． you’re scared about something and thinking only about that, there’s no way you’re going to be able to learn. 14．This photo of mine was taken stood the famous Eiffel Tower. 15．However, a cat is looking for affection, they tend to produce stretched and soft meows. 一、阅读理解 A Are you tired of your daily routine? If so, have a look at our fascinating range of holidays. Activity Holidays Our activity holidays are for people who love adventures. We have a huge variety of water, snow or desert holidays. We’ll take you scuba diving in the Red Sea or white-water rafting in Canada. If you prefer snow, you can try skiing in the Alps. For those who like warmer weather, we also have sandboarding. Culture Holidays Our culture holidays will help you discover ancient civilizations: India, Thailand, Egypt and many more. Visit temples, palaces and ancient ruins just remember to bring your camera! Wildlife Holidays We organize small-group tours to get closer to nature. Meet the famous turtles of the Galapagos Islands. Look for tigers in India, or take an elephant safari(观兽旅行)in Sri Lanka. You can stay in a range of accommodation, from tents to tree houses. If you’re interested in our tours, please give us a call or come directly to our travel agency on weekdays. Our phone number is 905-8872. Our address is 18th Garden Road, Wandsworth. Please feel free to send us an email at any time if you have any questions. Our email address is Alextravelling@gmail. com. 1．Which of the following is included in the Activity Holidays? A．Skiing in the Alps. B．Going diving in Canada. C．Having sandboarding in cooler weather. D．Going white-water rafting in the Red Sea. 2．What can people do in Sri Lanka? A．See the elephants. B．Build tree houses. C．Take care of tigers. D．Meet the famous turtles. 3．How can people get the information about the tours on weekends? A．By making a call. B．By sending an email. C．By going to the travel agency. D．By visiting the agency’s website. B I will never forget my first day in high school. When I got to the classroom in the morning, I saw that Mr. Brown had already put our names on our tables. After walking a few steps, I saw my name on the table right in the middle of the classroom. Walking up to my table, my heart sang. “It would be great to sit there. I could see everything easily,” I thought to myself. A while later, the other students entered one by one and took their own seats. And then Mr. Brown started talking. He showed us his classroom rules and tried to explain them. All of a sudden, a student called Tony started singing loudly. All the while he moved his body to the music. His deskmate, Josh couldn’t understand why he was doing these things. Then he stood up and talked to Mr. Brown, “I don’t want to sit with this strange guy. Can I swap seats with someone else in this room, please?” Mr. Brown didn’t answer his question directly. He stopped what he was doing and turned on his computer. Then he showed us some pictures about autistic (自闭症的) kids. He explained that autistic kids have little self-control. They seem to do things that are beyond everyone else’s understanding. However, they can do many other great things, in the field of art or music, for example. Then he told us that Tony was not good at maths, but loved songs. “He can sing thousands of songs. What’s more surprising is that he can remember all the words without any mistakes.” In the end, Mr. Brown added that although autistic kids were different, they should be loved. Since that first day in high school, I became Mr. Brown’s admirer. I was pretty sure Mr. Brown would get all of us on the right track. 4．How did the author feel seeing his table? A．Upset B．Anxious C．Frightened D．Pleased 5．In what way was Tony special? A．He knew music very well. B．He was understanding. C．He had a mathematical mind. D．He acted politely. 6．What does the author think of Mr. Brown? A．He can make a great teacher. B．He has too many admirers. C．He is off the right track. D．He is too different to be loved. 7．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．A Strange Boy in My Class B．My First Day in High School C．A Lesson in Understanding D．How to Deal with Autistic Kids C Pioneering creative Refik Anadol has long engaged with new technologies. He is a leading artist who works with data and AI. His art mixes technology and human feelings in a deep and engaging way. Years of this work culminated in DATALAND, the world’s first museum of AI art, which opened to the public on June 20, 2026. Located in The Grand LA, a Frank Gehry-designed building, DATALAND is in downtown Los Angeles in the Grand Avenue Cultural District. It covers 35,000 square feet and features many rooms, which are occupied by the exhibition Machine Dreams: Rainforest. The exhibition uses sound and pictures to make you feel like you are standing in a real rainforest. It was inspired by a trip that Anadol and his co-founder, Efsun, made to the Amazon rainforest years ago. The exhibition unfolds across five rooms, with amazing sensory elements based on millions of images and sounds of nature. The custom-built (定制的) AI model used to create the exhibition was trained on data collected first-hand from 16 rainforests across the globe. A big problem with AI is that it often steals data and content without the owner’s permission. DATALAND, in contrast, has established data partnerships with leading cultural and scientific organizations in London. “The best way to achieve responsible data management of exhibits is to build our own models and be completely open about where our data comes from,” says Anadol. People also worry about the environment. Data centers use a lot of resources and put pressure on nature, which is already struggling. DATALAND recognizes this and has taken steps to lessen its carbon footprint. Its Large Nature Model (LNM) is hosted on a specialized Google Cloud server located in Oregon. It runs on 87% carbon-free, renewable energy. In addition, the energy a visitor uses is about the same as the energy needed to charge one mobile phone. DATALAND has been a long time coming. “After a journey of many years, we are so excited to finally share DATALAND with the public,” says Anadol. 8．What does the underlined word “culminated” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Ending suddenly. B．Coming to the top. C．Changing direction. D．Returning to normal. 9．What is special about the AI model used in the exhibition? A．It was trained on real rainforest data. B．It is the world’s first AI model for art. C．It was developed by a London museum. D．It focuses on recreating the sound of nature. 10．What does Anadol value in using AI? A．The quality of data. B．The innovation of models. C．The honesty in data usage. D．The application of models. 11．Which word best describes DATALAND? A．Nature-destroying. B．Record-breaking. C．Profit-making. D．Energy-saving. D Being a people-pleaser (讨好型人格) is second nature to many people. We tend to calm those around us and often don’t think of our own needs. Actually, it is unhealthy to do so. 12 Here are some tips one can follow. • Be sure of your own value. You were created differently from every other human. Overcoming people-pleasing starts with clearly knowing the value of your thoughts and actions, and that your presence matters. By pleasing people at the cost of your own desires, you’re forgetting that you are here for a reason. • 13 When something goes wrong, it’s quite natural for me to say sorry. It is pretty true of you if you’re a people-pleaser too. However, before words of apology trip from your lips, stop and look at the situation. Apologize sincerely and timely if it’s really your fault. Otherwise just let it go. • Keep saying no. 14 Indeed, getting over people-pleasing requires people to understand that you can say no and mean it. Saying no may be hard, but the more you say it, the more you understand how important it is to say. • Speak up. People-pleasers like to agree with the masses. We are quiet, listening, waiting to agree on whatever decision is reached. Many times, I simply stayed quiet and agreed, even when I really didn’t like the plans at all. And bitterness surged (涌出) when I was asked to deal with what I didn’t want. 15 Even sometimes you have to shout so as to be heard. Without any doubt, it’s difficult to go against the nature that you tend to please everyone around you. 16 It’s the same with me. The best part is that we get the beauty of a new day to try all over again. A．Say sorry actively. B．Apologize properly. C．It seems common to agree to everything. D．You may return to your old habits halfway. E．It’s easy for people-pleasers to refuse others’ requests. F．What matters much is to change some of your daily habits. G．Learn to use your voice bravely if you’d like to get over people-pleasing. 二、完形填空 The King’s Speech is a 2010 British film directed by Tom Hooper. The film stars Colin Firth as King George VI, Geoffrey Rush as Lionel Logue and Helena Bonham Carter as Queen Elizabeth. At the 83rd Academy Awards (the Oscars), the film 17 Best Picture and Colin Firth won Best Actor in a Leading Role. Based on a true story, the film is set in London in the 1930s. Prince Albert, second son of King George V, suffers from a terrible speech 18 . The Prince has given up 19 of a cure but his wife, Elizabeth, takes him to see Lionel Logue, an Australian speech doctor living in London. Although the two men have very different backgrounds and do not get along at first, they eventually become 20 . After the Prince’s elder brother gives up being King, Prince Albert 21 King George VI. The film looks like a fairly typical historical film without fancy special 22 , and it is made enjoyable by the performances of the main actors. Firth is successful in showing us the King’s 23 as well as his courage. He has great chemistry with Rush and Bonham Carter, whose characters are both very 24 . In the meantime, Hooper skilfully creates uncertainty and 25 with narrow indoor sets and dark lighting. All in all, I highly 26 this film. If you enjoy true stories or films about history, you will 27 The King’s Speech. The film’s 28 lies not only in its moving story but also in the excellent acting of the cast. Colin Firth’s 29 of the King’s inner pain and strength is simply perfect. Geoffrey Rush also delivers a wonderful 30 as the speech doctor. It is no wonder that the film has become a 31 among historical drama lovers. 17．A．defeated B．won C．held D．designed 18．A．problem B．skill C．gift D．habit 19．A．idea B．hope C．plan D．dream 20．A．enemies B．strangers C．friends D．partners 21．A．becomes B．meets C．visits D．follows 22．A．facts B．effects C．efforts D．goals 23．A．joys B．struggles C．secrets D．memories 24．A．believable B．uncomfortable C．forgettable D．terrible 25．A．happiness B．calmness C．tension D．freedom 26．A．watch B．recommend C．doubt D．replace 27．A．miss B．accept C．love D．create 28．A．success B．failure C．difficulty D．pressure 29．A．description B．performance C．introduction D．discussion 30．A．role B．speech C．song D．story 31．A．toy B．symbol C．puzzle D．classic 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Making good habits in high school is really important. High school is when you start doing more things on your own. Here is why it’s a good idea to get into good habits now. Good habits help you do better in school. If you can keep track of your time, you can handle your homework and have fun too. This means you’ll get better 32 (score). You can do this by making 33 schedule for when to do your homework and study. Good habits help you stay healthy and happy. Playing sports, eating right, and getting enough sleep 34 (be) good for your body and your mind. These habits can help you feel less worried and more ready 35 (face) difficult situations. What’s more, good habits teach you to be 36 (real) responsible and independent. If you learn to manage your time and tasks well, you can take care of yourself. This gets you ready for the 37 (free) you’ll have in college and later in life. High school is a big time for making habits 38 will stay with you. These habits help you do well 39 campus and make you a happier and 40 (healthy) person. Work on making good habits now, 41 you’ll be ready for whatever comes next. 四、书信写作 42．假定你是李华，近期你发现你的很多同学在用AI帮他们完成写作任务。请你写一篇短文向校英语报“Academic Life”栏目投稿，反映这一情况。内容包括： 1.你对这一现象的看法； 2.你的建议。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $