Unit 5 What a Delicious Meal! 饮食与健康（单元阅读精练）英语新教材人教版八年级上册

Unit 5 What a Delicious Meal!饮食与健康 话题阅读精练 板块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage1 名著阅读 童话故事 208 讲述贪婪任性的女孩及其父亲在巧克力工厂的坚果车间企图抓走一只受过专业训练的松鼠，最终双双被松鼠判定为“坏坚果”并扔进垃圾滑道的滑稽故事。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 217 介绍AI厨房和自动化烹饪技术的现状、益处与风险。 真题示例 Passage1 阅读理解 记叙文 239 讲述食物背后蕴含的文化与爱的故事。 Passage2 完形填空 说明文 178 讲述家人团聚的温馨故事。 模拟演练 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 205 讲述罗永浩对西贝预制菜的指责，并由此引发对于预制菜的讨论和思考。 Passage2 阅读理解 记叙文 192 讲述万佐成、熊庚香夫妇在南昌江西肿瘤医院旁开设“抗癌厨房”（爱心厨房），为病人家属提供低价做饭的便利，多年如一日坚守付出、传递温暖的故事。 Passage3 阅读理解 说明文 204 介绍重庆的非物质文化遗产——合川桃片，讲述了它的百年历史、制作原料与工序、口味分类，以及它作为传统饮食工艺遗产的文化价值。 Passage4 名著阅读 记叙文 198 改编自《女巫的面包》，主要讲述面包店主好心办坏事，告诉我们不了解真相的善意会酿成错误。 Passage5 阅读理解 说明文 193 介绍了一项研究发现，经常食用超加工食品会阻碍减肥效果，并强调食品加工方式的重要影响。 Passage6 阅读理解 说明文 207 围绕时尚与健康哪个更重要这一主题展开论述。 Passage7 概要补全 说明文 201 主要介绍情绪化进食的概念及其危害，并提供了避免情绪化进食的建议。 时文阅读 话题谚语小知识 1.Man is iron, food is steel; skip a meal and you’ll feel weak.人是铁，饭是钢，一顿不吃饿得慌。 2.Tell me what you eat, and I will tell you what you are.你吃什么，你就是什么样的人。 3.Eat a good breakfast, a full lunch, and a light dinner.早餐要吃好，午餐要吃饱，晚餐要吃少。 4.Speak not while eating, nor talk while sleeping.食不言，寝不语 5.Wash hands before meals, rinse mouth after.饭前洗手，饭后漱口 6.Disease enters through the mouth, and trouble comes out of it.病从口入，祸从口出。 7.If you want to live a long life, you have to cut back on dinner.若想长寿安，须减夜来餐。 8.An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.一分预防胜过十分治疗 9.A sound mind in a sound body.健全的精神寓于健康的身体（饮食是健康基础）。 10.Three pieces of ginger are like ginseng soup.朝食三片姜，犹如人参汤。 11.Eat to live, but not live to eat.吃饭是为了活着，活着不是为了吃饭 12.Eat at pleasure, drink with measure.进食可随心，饮酒需节制 13.After dinner sit a while, after supper walk a mile.午饭后歇一歇，晚饭后百步走 14.Eat moderately and drink moderately.吃要有所节制，饮需适可而止。 15.Fine grain collocation, less meat and more nutrients.精细粮食巧搭配，少荤多素有营养。 16.A bowl of soup before dinner is not needed in the pharmacy.饭前一碗汤，不用进药房。 17.Diet cures more than doctors.饮食调理胜过求医 / 药补不如食补。 时文阅读 Passage A《查理和巧克力工厂》 (Mr. Wonka is showing the visitors around his chocolate factory. One of the visitors, Veruca Salt, is a girl who wants everything she sees.) Scene One Mr. Wonka led the group into a beautiful room. One hundred squirrels were sitting on stools around a large table, breaking the nuts with their teeth at a fantastic speed. “The squirrels are specially trained!” Mr. Wonka explained happily. “They can tell a good nut from a bad nut. The bad ones never get broken. They will be thrown down the rubbish chute (滑道).” Veruca’s eyes grew wide with desire. “Daddy!” she shouted, stamping on her foot. “I want a trained squirrel! Get me one of them!” “All right, my pet, Daddy will get you one.” Mr. Salt said. Scene Two Mr. Salt walked confidently towards the squirrels. “No! Stop! Don’t!” shouted Mr. Wonka. But it was too late. Mr. Salt caught the nearest squirrel. The squirrel shouted loudly and angrily. Scene Three The moment Mr. Salt touched the squirrel, all the other squirrels stopped working. They turned and looked at him. Then, with a sudden move, they jumped on him. They didn’t bite or scratch him. Instead, they pushed him down the rubbish chute. Veruca shouted, “Daddy! Save my squirrel!” Then the squirrels turned to Veruca. “They’re testing her!” said Mr. Wonka. “They think she’s a bad nut!” Scene Four Seconds later, Veruca was also pushed down the chute by squirrels. Her shouts disappeared gradually. After a while, Mr. Wonka turned to the other children. “It happens about once a week,” he said with a shrug (耸肩).”They are really excellent judges of character.” (Then, Mr. Wonka led the rest of the visitors to another room...) ——adapted from Charlie and the chocolate Factory 1．According to Scene One, what is the squirrels’ job in the room? A．Eating good nuts. B．Breaking good nuts. C．Selling good nuts. D．Producing good nuts. 2．In Scene Two, how did Mr. Wonka feel when he shouted? A．Bored. B．Happy. C．Shocked. D．Peaceful. 3．What can we infer from the text? A．Veruca is a good girl who hardly breaks the rules. B．No one has been pushed down the chute before. C．The other visitors felt sorry for Veruca and her father. D．Mr. Wonka had no plans to save Veruca and her father. 4． Each picture above matches one scene. Which scene is missing? A．Scene One. B．Scene Two. C．Scene Three. D．Scene Four. 译文：（背景：旺卡先生正带领参观者参观他的巧克力工厂。参观者中有一位名叫维鲁卡·索尔特的女孩，她想要自己看见的所有东西。） 第一幕 旺卡先生带着一行人走进一间漂亮的房间。一百只松鼠坐在大桌子四周的凳子上，正以惊人的速度用牙齿咬开坚果。 “这些松鼠是经过专门训练的！”旺卡先生开心地解释道，“它们能分辨出坚果的好坏。坏坚果永远不会被剥开，会被扔进垃圾滑道。” 维鲁卡满眼渴望。“爸爸！”她一边跺脚大喊，“我想要一只受过训练的松鼠！给我弄一只！” “好的宝贝，爸爸给你弄一只。”索尔特先生说道。 第二幕 索尔特先生自信地走向松鼠。 “别去！停下！不要碰！”旺卡先生大喊，但是已经太晚了。索尔特先生抓住离他最近的那只松鼠。松鼠愤怒地大声尖叫起来。 第三幕 索尔特先生一碰这只松鼠的瞬间，其他所有松鼠都停下了手里的活。它们转过身盯着他。紧接着，它们猛地扑向他。它们没有咬他，也没有抓挠他，而是把他推下了垃圾滑道。 维鲁卡大喊：“爸爸！救下我的松鼠！”然后松鼠们转向了维鲁卡。 “它们正在测试她！”旺卡先生说，“它们认为她是一颗坏坚果！” 第四幕 片刻之后，维鲁卡也被松鼠推下了滑道。她的喊叫声渐渐消失。过了一会儿，旺卡先生转向其他孩子，耸了耸肩说：“这种事大约一周发生一次。它们非常擅长判断人的品性。” （随后，旺卡先生带着剩下的参观者去往另一个房间……） 长难句分析 1.One hundred squirrels were sitting on stools around a large table, breaking the nuts with their teeth at a fantastic speed.一百只松鼠坐在大桌子四周的凳子上，正以惊人的速度用牙齿咬开坚果。 📖结构分析：主干：One hundred squirrels were sitting（过去进行时）;on stools / around a large table：地点状语;breaking the nuts…speed：现在分词作伴随状语，表示和主句谓语同时发生的动作。 2.One of the visitors, Veruca Salt, is a girl who wants everything she sees.参观者中有一位名叫维鲁卡·索尔特的女孩，她想要自己看见的所有东西。 📖结构分析（双重定语从句！绝佳定语从句例题）主干：One of the visitors is a girl;Veruca Salt 同位语，补充女孩名字;第一层定语从句：who wants everything，先行词a girl，关系代词who在从句作主语;第二层内嵌定语从句：(that) she sees，先行词everything，关系代词that作宾语，所以省略。 Passage B AI厨房 Automated kitchens aren’t sci-fi scenes from shows like Star Trek. Right now, robots are used to fry chicken, make pizzas, prepare salads and many more. AI can invent recipes according to what a kitchen has. More modern ideas are in development to automate kitchens for fine dining. Technology is possibly expensive at first, so restaurants and other businesses are the first ones to use AI kitchen technologies. Over time, prices will possibly fall enough for the home market, changing how homes and society work. The benefits of AI kitchens include helping cooks to stay away from boring tasks such as peeling potatoes or standing at a workstation for hours. It can free up time, allowing people to focus on more important tasks. For personalized eating, AI can fit countless special diets and tastes to meet needs. However, there are risks to human happiness. Cooking is a good activity that helps with communication and self-expression, but humans may lose these benefits if their involvement becomes unnecessary. Family relationships might be not so close without the teamwork in the kitchen. Moreover, the kitchen acts as a small science lab at home, playing an important role in science education. The art of cooking helps kids learn about materials, chemistry and problem-solving. We also need to pay attention to cultural risks. For example, AI could change traditional recipes and ways, as it often oversimplifies cultural details. As a result, AI and robot cooks may make fewer kinds of dishes. Depending too heavily on technology in meal creation may lead to less diversity, making food taste almost the same, similar to the strange feel of AI art pictures across different apps. Convenience can come at a great cost, so it’s important to consider the possible social disruptions that new technologies might bring, especially in areas like food that are closely tied to our everyday lives. 1．Why are restaurants the first to use AI kitchen technologies? A．They are more interested in automation. B．They can pay the high costs. C．They have more space for robots. D．They want to attract more customers. 2．Which of the following risks of AI cooking to humans is NOT mentioned? A．Family relationship might be affected. B．Kids can’t learn about science in the kitchen. C．There will be not so many kinds of dishes. D．The AI art pictures in different apps have a strange feel. 3．How could AI possibly harm cultural diversity in food? A．By taking the place of human cooks B．By encouraging home cooking. C．By focusing personalized eating. D．By oversimplifying traditional recipes. 4．What’s the structure of the passage? A．① / ②③ / ④⑤⑥ / ⑦ B．①② / ③ / ④⑤⑥ / ⑦ C．①② / ③④ / ⑤⑥ / ⑦ D．① / ②③ / ④⑤ / ⑥⑦ 长难句分析 1.Depending too heavily on technology in meal creation may lead to less diversity, making food taste almost the same, similar to the strange feel of AI art pictures across different apps.做饭时过度依赖技术，会造成饮食多样性下降，食物吃起来味道几乎都一样，就像不同软件里AI生成图片都有种相似的怪异感。 📖结构：Depending too heavily on technology in meal creation：动名词短语作句子主语；主干：Depending… may lead to less diversity；making food taste almost the same：现在分词作结果状语；similar to the strange feel of AI art pictures across different apps 形容词短语作补充说明。 2.It can free up time, allowing people to focus on more important tasks.这能够解放时间，让人们专注于更重要的事务。 📖结构：主干：It can free up time；allowing people to focus… 现在分词作结果状语（重庆中考阅读、写作高频语法！表前面这件事带来的自然结果） 3.Convenience can come at a great cost, so it’s important to consider the possible social disruptions that new technologies might bring, especially in areas like food that are closely tied to our everyday lives.便利的代价或许是巨大的。因此，我们必须重视新技术可能带来的社会层面的冲击，尤其是饮食这类和日常生活紧密相关的领域。 📖结构（双重定语从句）：so 引导结果并列句；it’s important to do it作形式主语；that new technologies might bring 定语从句，修饰social disruptions；that are closely tied to our everyday lives 第二层定语从句，修饰areas like food 4.Moreover, the kitchen acts as a small science lab at home, playing an important role in science education.除此之外，家中的厨房就像一个小型科学实验室，在科普教育方面发挥重要作用。 📖结构：playing an important role… 现在分词作伴随状语；固定短语：act as 充当；play an important role in 在……起重要作用（写作万能句）。 译文：自动化厨房并不是《星际迷航》这类影视剧里才有的科幻场景。如今，机器人已经可以用来炸鸡、制作披萨、调配沙拉等等。人工智能还能根据厨房里现有的食材研发菜谱。更多更前沿的构想正在研发中，目标是把高档餐厅的厨房也实现自动化。 这项技术初期成本可能很高，所以餐馆和其他商业机构会最先使用人工智能厨房技术。随着时间推移，价格或许会降到家庭能够承受的水平，进而改变家庭生活与社会运转的方式。 人工智能厨房有不少好处：它可以帮厨师摆脱削土豆、长时间站在操作台旁这类枯燥的工作。这能够解放时间，让人们专注于更重要的事务。在个性化饮食方面，人工智能可以适配无数特殊饮食方案与口味，满足不同需求。 然而，它也会给人们的精神生活带来隐患。烹饪是一项利于沟通与自我表达的活动，但如果人类不再需要参与做饭，就可能失去这些好处。缺少厨房里的协作，家人之间的关系或许不会那么亲密。 除此之外，家中的厨房就像一个小型科学实验室，在科普教育方面发挥重要作用。烹饪这项技艺能够帮助孩子们认识材料、学习化学知识以及锻炼解决问题的能力。 我们同样需要留意文化层面的风险。举例来说，人工智能有可能改动传统菜谱与烹饪方式，因为它常常把文化细节过度简化。这样一来，人工智能和机器人厨师能做出的菜品种类可能变少。做饭时过度依赖技术，会造成饮食多样性下降，食物吃起来味道几乎都一样，就像不同软件里AI生成图片都有种相似的怪异感。 便利的代价或许是巨大的。因此，我们必须重视新技术可能带来的社会层面的冲击，尤其是饮食这类和日常生活紧密相关的领域。 话题写作佳句积累 1.Striving to carry adequate nutrition is the best investment for your body and mind that you can make. 努力摄取充足的营养是你能为自己的身心所做的最佳投资。 2.Those who think they do not have time for healthy eating will sooner or later find time for illness. 那些认为自己没有时间吃健康食物的人，迟早会有时间生病。 3.Junk food may taste good, but it has little nutritional value and can harm your health. 垃圾食品可能味道不错，但它没有什么营养价值，并可能损害您的健康。 4.The food you eat can be the most powerful form of medicine or the slowest form of poison. 你吃的食物可以是最强大的药物，也可以是最缓慢的毒药。 5.A balanced diet is essential for a healthy lifestyle.均衡的饮食对健康的生活方式至关重要。 6.Eating is a necessity, but eating wisely is an art. 吃是一种必要，但明智地吃是一门艺术。 7.A man too busy to take care of his health is like a mechanic too busy to take care of his tools. 一个人忙得没时间照顾自己的健康，就像一个机械师忙得没时间保养自己的工具。 实战演练 真题示例 Passage 1 （2026·山东济宁·中考真题）Zhang Jun moved to a new country not long ago, and everything feels unfamiliar—the language, the food, and the way people speak. At school, his classmates eat pizzas, salads, hamburgers, or sandwiches for lunch, while he brings rice and other Chinese food that his grandmother makes. He eats quickly, hoping no one notices. His parents always work late, so most evenings it is just Zhang Jun and his grandmother. His grandmother enjoys cooking and humming (哼唱) old Chinese songs. Zhang Jun is quiet and seldom talks about his own feelings. Then comes the school’s “International Dinner Party”. Each student brings a traditional dish from their hometown. Zhang Jun doesn’t want to go. “What if they laugh at my dish?” he asks his grandmother. His grandmother gives him a warm look, “Then they’ll miss the best part.” Her words give him courage. He decides to bring roast duck with plum sauce (梅子酱). Grandma cooks the duck, and he helps her make the sauce. This time, he doesn’t feel afraid but proud. In the evening, Zhang Jun brings the dish to school. The school hall is filled with dishes from around the world. He places his duck on the table, then steps back. A student comes and tries it. “Wow,” she says. “This is amazing! What’s this?” “It’s a roast duck with plum sauce,” he says. “My grandmother and I made it.” More and more students gather around because of the smell. Zhang Jun is quite surprised, and this time, his nervousness never comes back. Later that night, he tells his grandmother, “They loved it, Grandma!” She smiles, “Of course they did. It came from your heart.” 1．What does Zhang Jun usually eat for lunch at school? A．Pizzas and sandwiches. B．Salads and hamburgers. C．Roast duck with plum sauce. D．Rice and other Chinese food. 2．What does the sentence “Then they’ll miss the best part” imply (暗示)? A．They will not see the roast duck. B．They will miss the party time. C．They will miss his culture and love. D．They will lose the chance to eat. 3．Which is the correct order to show the changes of Zhang Jun’s feelings? ①Brave and proud         ②Surprised but no longer nervous ③Afraid to go                ④Quiet and hoping no one notices A．③→④→②→① B．④→③→②→① C．④→③→①→② D．③→②→④→① 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．A Dish from the Heart B．Zhang Jun’s New School Life C．A Duck and Its Secret Taste D．How to Win Friends with Food Passage 2 （2026·江苏淮安·中考真题）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 On New Year’s Eve, it snowed heavily outside. My mum and I decorated our home to welcome the new year. My New Year’s wish was simple. I hoped to have a big dinner as usual. My mum is good at 1 , especially tasty dumplings. My dad is a truck driver. He doesn’t have much 2 for me because he is often away from home for work. Two days before, he promised to get home at six o’clock on New Year’s Eve. I knew he would not tell 3 . After six o’clock that day, I got his 4 on my phone, “Traffic is terrible on the way. I will be home later! Wait for me. Dad loves you!” I smiled and waited patiently. An hour passed, Dad still didn’t appear. The wind blew harder and the snow became even 5 . I turned on the TV. News reports warned of closed roads and accidents. I called Dad repeatedly, but 6 answered. How I wished Dad could appear in front of me at once! I walked around in the room and was full of 7 . Suddenly, I saw flashing (闪烁的) police lights through the window. Soon someone knocked at the door loudly. I felt so 8 , “Was there an accident?” I rushed to open the door. Cold wind blew in. Behind two policemen stood my dad! One policeman said they 9 my dad when he was trapped in the deep snow. I threw myself into Dad’s arms 10 . Dad told me his mobile phone didn’t work when he tried to ask for help. “My trip was terrible, but I didn’t 11 my promise,” he said softly. We expressed our 12 to the policemen and went back into the warm house. That night, the three of us stayed around the table. Mum taught us to make dumplings, while Dad told funny jokes to make us 13 . I finally understood that my New Year’s wish was 14 about the big dinner. What I really hoped was that the family could 15 . This was the warmest happiness in life. 1．A．reading B．cooking C．dancing D．drawing 2．A．time B．space C．money D．love 3．A．lies B．truths C．stories D．secrets 4．A．task B．question C．introduction D．message 5．A．cleaner B．thinner C．heavier D．softer 6．A．nobody B．somebody C．everybody D．anybody 7．A．regret B．worry C．pleasure D．courage 8．A．calm B．proud C．relaxed D．nervous 9．A．left B．found C．praised D．followed 10．A．patiently B．angrily C．excitedly D．bravely 11．A．keep B．make C．realize D．forget 12．A．thanks B．interests C．fears D．pains 13．A．work B．change C．laugh D．imagine 14．A．just B．never C．even D．exactly 15．A．get along B．get ready C．get away D．get together 模拟演练 Passage 1 In early September, a debate about pre-prepared food (预制菜) started in China. Luo Yonghao, a well-known businessman, posted on social media Weibo that he felt “uncomfortable” after dining at Xibei, a famous restaurant brand in China. He said almost all dishes there were pre-prepared but overpriced, and called on the government to make laws forcing restaurants to tell people clearly if they use such food. Xibei quickly fought back. Its founder Jia Guolong said none of Xibei’s dishes were pre-prepared and later opened its kitchens to the public to show that its dishes were fresh. This event pushed pre-prepared food into the spotlight and caused wide discussion. On the positive side, pre-prepared food saves time for both restaurants and customers. Restaurants can make more dishes in less time with pre-prepared ingredients, which makes the waiting time for customers shorter. For busy people at home, pre-prepared food also makes cooking easier—they just need to reheat it before eating. Besides, pre-prepared food can cut food waste. Factories that make it usually control ingredient amounts strictly, so fewer ingredients are thrown away. However, pre-prepared food has its problems. Many people worry about its taste. Reheating may make the food less delicious, and some nutrients (营养) might be lost during processing. There are also worries about food safety. If the pre-prepared food is not stored or transported properly, it could go bad and harm people’s health. What’s more, some restaurants use pre-prepared food but don’t tell customers, which takes away people’s right to choose. Now, more and more people hope there will be clearer standards for pre-prepared food, so that everyone can make informed choices. 1．What did Luo Yonghao ask the government to do about pre-prepared food? A．Stop restaurants from using it. B．Make laws to let restaurants mark its use. C．Lower the price of pre-prepared dishes. D．Punish restaurants that use it. 2．Why did Xibei open its kitchen to the public? A．To show its dishes are fresh, not pre-prepared.B．To teach customers how to cook its dishes. C．To follow new government rules. D．To attract customers with clean kitchens. 3．What does the underlined phrase “fought back” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．放弃 B．反驳 C．沉默 D．抢救 4．What is the writer’s attitude towards pre-prepared food? A．It is perfect and should be widely used. B．It is terrible and people had better not eat it. C．It has both good and bad sides, needing better standards. D．It is only suitable for busy people at home. 5．Why do people worry about the pre-prepared food? A．It is always too expensive to afford. B．It may lose nutrients during reheating and processing. C．It makes the waiting time for customers longer. D．It uses many fresh ingredients and causes waste. Passage 2 A special kitchen is in a path, next to Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, in Nanchang. Around meal time, three times every day, relatives of the hospital’s patients use the kitchen to cook food for their loved ones. The kitchen was originally a breakfast stall(摊) run by a husband and wife, Wan Zuocheng and Xiong Gengxiang. One day, in 2003, a young couple asked if they could use the stove to cook food for their son who had bone cancer(骨癌). Wan and Xiong let the young mother use their stove for free. Later on, Wan and Xiong offered their kitchenware for free, so other families could cook meals for hospitalized relatives. As word spread, people who had used their kitchenware began describing the breakfast stall as the“anti-cancer kitchen”. Some even called it the“kitchen of love”. To let more people cook at the same time,Wan and Xiong have turned their breakfast stall into a large kitchen. People who have used their kitchen really wanted to share the costs. As a result, Wan and Xiong set a price: One yuan to cook a dish or to buy a box of rice, and three yuan to cook soup. Water and seasonings(调味品) are free. For people from poor families, the couple don’t let them pay. ▲ They get up at 4 am every day to prepare.They boil water and cook rice. To make it easier for others to use the kitchen, Wan and Xiong would like to clean the kitchen, like sweeping the ground and washing the pans and pots. Wan and Xiong have run the kitchen for 23 years. But they have never regretted their decision.They always listen to patients’ relatives talking about their experiences. They believe listening to them helps them feel at ease. Xiong says, “It is the happiest thing to run the kitchen and help others.” 6．What does the underlined word“originally” most probably mean? A．At least. B．Surely. C．At first. D．Probably. 7．How much will it cost to cook two dishes and a cup of soup in the kitchen? A．4 yuan. B．5 yuan. C．6 yuan. D．7 yuan. 8．What can be put in ▲ in the fourth paragraph? A．More and more people from poor families come to cook. B．Wan and Xiong think working in the kitchen is not easy. C．Wan and Xiong are busy from early morning to late evening. D．The couple’s children want them to take a break, but they always refuse. 9．Which of the following is TRUE? A．The kitchen is free to people all the time. B．The kitchen is in a hospital in Nanchang. C．Many people help in the kitchen every day. D．Wan and Xiong like listening to the stories of others. Passage 3 Hechuan Taopian is a delicious snack from Chongqing that is fit for people of all ages. For many people in Chongqing, Hechuan Taopian carries their childhood memories. The production craft of Hechuan Taopian mixes both the wisdom and efforts of the workers. Thanks to its strict standards, it has won many gold medals and is one of Chongqing’s intangible cultural heritages (非物质文化遗产). This famous snack has a history of over 100 years since the Qing Dynasty. It is made from simple but good materials including sticky rice, walnut kernels, sugar, and roses. The making process needs great skill and care. First, workers wash and stir-fry the rice. Later they turn it into fine powder. After that, they mix the powder with sugar and walnuts. Then it’s pressed into shape. Finally, workers cut it into thin pieces, with each less than 1 millimeter thick. This needs years of practice. During its development, workers have been improving the taste and the flavor of Hechuan Taopian, which can be divided into soft slices and crispy slices. The soft ones are usually white and a little chewy (耐嚼的). The crispy ones are light yellow, sweet and crispy, with a salty taste. What makes them special is not just their taste but also the traditional way of making them by hand that has been kept alive for years. As a protected cultural heritage, it continues to show the value of traditional food making while staying popular in modern times. It stands as a good example of how traditional food production craft can be kept and enjoyed in today’s world, connecting people of all ages through shared food culture. 10．How long has Hechuan Taopian been famous since the Qing Dynasty? A．For 300 years. B．Over 100 years. C．200 years. D．We don’t know. 11．What’s the last step of making Hechuan Taopian? A． B． C． D． 12．Which sentence uses “taste” with the same meaning as the underlined word? taste / teist/  n.①味觉  ②味道  ③(短暂的) 体验  v.品尝 A．This trip to Xinjiang was his first taste of freedom in months. B．Maggie has a strong sense of taste, so she can’t stand carrots. C．I tasted the famous noodles as soon as I arrived in Chongqing. D．I like the taste of coffee and enjoy coffee from different areas. 13．What is the best title for the passage? A．New Ideas for an Old Chongqing Snack B．Soft Slices Developed by Hechuan People C．Hechuan Taopian: Heritage of Craft and Taste D．Hechuan Taopian: A Connection Between People Passage 4       Miss Martha owned a small warm bakery in a quiet street. She was a forty-year-old, gentle and kind lady. She always treated every customer with patience and care. Most people came to her shop for sweet cakes, soft rolls and fresh bread, but one special guest caught her attention. The gentleman visited the shop two or three times a week. He was always neatly dressed, quiet and polite. Every time he came, he would smile softly and say, “Two loaves of stale (不新鲜的) hard bread, please.” He never bought any fresh food. Miss Martha became curious about him. Looking at his simple clothes, she guessed he must be a poor but talented artist who lived a hard life alone. Hoping to offer some warm help without hurting his pride, she thought up an idea. One afternoon, when the man arrived as usual, Miss Martha secretly cut his two stale loaves, filled them with thick fresh butter, and packed them neatly again. She smiled quietly, believing her little kindness would bring comfort to the man. Soon after he left, the shop door was pushed open roughly. The gentleman returned quickly. “What on earth have you done?” he shouted angrily. “You have destroyed all my work! I have spent weeks on this drawing!” Miss Martha was completely shocked. She stared at him in surprise and asked nervously, “I’m so sorry, sir. I just wanted to give you a little warmth. I thought you needed better food.” In fact, the man was not an artist at all. He was a draftsman. Dry stale bread was his special tool to clean pencil marks on his drawings. The soft butter had badly influenced his careful work. At that moment, Miss Martha felt extremely ashamed and regretful. She realized suddenly that blind kindness, without true understanding, could finally turn into a bad mistake. ——Adapted from The Witch’s Bread 14．Why did Miss Martha put butter in the bread instead of giving him fresh bread? A．Because she wanted to show off her special baking skills to him. B．Because she thought fresh bread was too expensive for the poor man. C．Because she had no fresh bread left in her bakery at that moment. D．Because she wanted to help him as well as protect his self-respect. 15．What can we know about the gentleman from what he did? A．He was too poor to afford any fresh food. B．He had a special need for stale hard bread. C．He tried his best to show off good manners. D．He often received pity from kind strangers. 16．What can we infer from the passage? A．Miss Martha couldn’t run the bakery well. B．The gentleman was not so poor as Miss Martha imagined. C．The gentleman often bought fresh soft bread. D．Miss Martha will never help anyone in the future. 17．What lesson can we learn from the story? A．Seeing is believing. B．To help others is to help yourself. C．Don’t judge a book by its cover. D．Actions speak louder than words. Passage 5 ①A new study came out in the UK on August 4th, 2025. It found something surprising: eating lots of ultra-processed (超加工) foods (UPFs) can make it more difficult to lose weight, even if the diet follows national healthy-eating advice. ②The research tested 55 people for a few months. They were asked to follow an 8-week diet, eating minimally (最低限度) processed foods (MPFs), such as home-cooked meals, and another 8-week diet, eating UPFs. UPFs are made by many foods with additives (添加剂) and other ingredients—just like in some snacks and ready-to-eat meals. Both diets followed the UK’s Eatwell Guide. Between the two diets, the participants ate their usual food for 4 weeks to set their bodies back to how they are at the beginning of the research. All meals, snacks and drinks were sent to their homes, but they could choose how much to eat and when. This made the study feel more like real life. ③The results showed that people lost weight on both diets. But people on the MPF diet lost much more weight. They lost 1.84 kg. People on the UPF diet lost only 0.88 kg. So, the MPF group lost twice as much weight. MPFs also helped people lose body fat. They also helped people eat just the right amount of food. UPFs did not help in these ways. ④Why is it harder to lose weight with UPFs? The study says the way they are made is important. Making UPFs changes the food. This can make you feel full more slowly. So, people may eat more food without knowing it. Additives and heat may also change gut bacteria (肠道菌群). This can make it harder to control weight. ⑤In the UK, over half of people’s daily energy comes from UPFs. Similar situations are in other European countries and the United States. UPFs are the first choice of people who earn less money because they are much cheaper. ⑥Researchers say the food environment also matters. Unhealthy diets are often not a result of personal choice but a result of food environment around us. People already know they have too much salt and sugar. However, UPFs are cheap and easy-to-get. They bring more money to sellers. ⑦This study is the longest-lasting one of its kind in real-life situations among similar studies. It helps people know the importance of realizing what healthy foods are. And the national diet guide should pay more attention to food processing. 18．Which picture can show the results of the research? A． B． C．D． 19．According to the study, what is TRUE about the two diets? A．People eating UPFs lost more weight than those eating MPFs. B．People eating MPFs lost almost the same weight as those eating UPFs. C．People eating MPFs lost twice as much weight as those eating UPFs. D．People eating UPFs found it easier to control how much they ate. 20．Why did the researchers ask participants to return to their usual food for four weeks between the two diets? A．To see which kind of food participants liked more. B．To help participants get into a healthy eating habit slowly. C．To give their bodies a break and let them relax from the study. D．To make sure the first diet didn’t change the results of the second one. 21．What is the best structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． Passage 6 ①Have you ever thought about what’s more important, looking fashionable or feeling comfortable? You might have noticed many people choosing style over comfort and some even go to extremes (极端) to follow fashion. But we should remember: being fashionable isn’t everything. It’s more important to be healthy. ②Some people believe that they need to be a certain size to look good. So, they start extreme diets (日常饮食) that are not good for their health. They might not eat meals or eat too little, which can make them feel sick. Is it a healthy way to live? ③Also, many girls wear shoes with very high heels. They might think high heels make them look taller. But these shoes can actually hurt their feet and make it hard to walk comfortably, and it can increase risks of falls. Some even wear tight (紧的) clothes that influence blood circulation (循环) making it hard to breathe. Should we put fashion over comfort and physical health? ④Besides, some boys and girls spend a lot of time and money changing their hair color. The material they use is usually harmful to their health. To make their hair straight or curly, they also use tools that are hot enough to burn their hair. But using these tools too often or at very high temperatures can make the hair dry or even burnt. Is it really worth it to risk our health, spending so much time and money? ⑤So, let’s rethink what’s really important. Is it fashion or is it our well-being? Clothes or hairstyles don’t tell us anything about a person’s character. Instead of spending a lot of time choosing clothes, we could use that time to do fun things with friends. And instead of following extreme diets, let’s eat properly and exercise regularly. Remember, your worth is not decided by your appearance, but by who you are as a person. 22．Why do some people go on extreme diets according to the passage? A．Because the diets are healthy. B．Because they just want to look good. C．Because they want to save time. D．Because they want to save money. 23．What is the writer’s purpose of using a question in each paragraph? A．To ask for help from readers. B．To tell how to spend time and money. C．To describe the latest fashion. D．To lead readers to think about the topic. 24．What does the underlined word “well-being” in Paragraph 5 mean? A．Growth. B．Health. C．Warmth. D．Truth. 25．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． Passage 7 阅读语篇，用恰当的词块或句子补全摘要中所缺信息。 We are taught from birth to use food to express our feelings. We plan family dinners, treat our friends from far away and make traditional food during festivals. But emotional eating is different. For example, you may eat a lot more than usual when you fail an important exam. You might eat a lot when experiencing the stress from Covid-19. The bad news is that emotional eating will not help you drive away any terrible feelings but might only lower your energy, disturb your sleep and weaken your immunity (免疫力). Luckily, here are some things you can do to avoid emotional eating. First, understand what you are experiencing. If your stomach is growling, it is a sign of physical hunger. But if there is no such sign and you still feel hungry, you’d better do a mental check of yourself: Am I experiencing happiness, sadness, fear, or anger? If your answer is yes, it is not your body but your mind that is asking for food. Moreover, when to eat also has a great influence. You should eat meals around the same time each day, and leave about three to five hours apart between meals. If you stick to this plan, you can not only avoid mindless eating but also control your blood sugar and insulin (胰岛素). Last but not the least, remember to avoid blaming yourself for emotional eating. This only heightens emotions, which can increase the drive to eat. Sometimes a mistake can be a chance to learn how to deal with a similar situation in the future. So try to use a gentle self-talk next time. Follow these suggestions from now on! You can eat well even under great stress! SUMMARY Emotional eating means 26 . It can harm our health by lowering energy, disturbing sleep, and weaken immunity. Here is something you can do. First, tell whether you are experiencing 27 . Second, 28 and stick to it. Lastly, try to be kind to yourself. This is because the more you blame yourself, 29 . 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 22 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 What a Delicious Meal!饮食与健康 话题阅读精练 板块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage1 名著阅读 童话故事 208 讲述贪婪任性的女孩及其父亲在巧克力工厂的坚果车间企图抓走一只受过专业训练的松鼠，最终双双被松鼠判定为“坏坚果”并扔进垃圾滑道的滑稽故事。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 217 介绍AI厨房和自动化烹饪技术的现状、益处与风险。 真题示例 Passage1 阅读理解 记叙文 239 讲述食物背后蕴含的文化与爱的故事。 Passage2 完形填空 说明文 178 讲述家人团聚的温馨故事。 模拟演练 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 205 讲述罗永浩对西贝预制菜的指责，并由此引发对于预制菜的讨论和思考。 Passage2 阅读理解 记叙文 192 讲述万佐成、熊庚香夫妇在南昌江西肿瘤医院旁开设“抗癌厨房”（爱心厨房），为病人家属提供低价做饭的便利，多年如一日坚守付出、传递温暖的故事。 Passage3 阅读理解 说明文 204 介绍重庆的非物质文化遗产——合川桃片，讲述了它的百年历史、制作原料与工序、口味分类，以及它作为传统饮食工艺遗产的文化价值。 Passage4 名著阅读 记叙文 198 改编自《女巫的面包》，主要讲述面包店主好心办坏事，告诉我们不了解真相的善意会酿成错误。 Passage5 阅读理解 说明文 193 介绍了一项研究发现，经常食用超加工食品会阻碍减肥效果，并强调食品加工方式的重要影响。 Passage6 阅读理解 说明文 207 围绕时尚与健康哪个更重要这一主题展开论述。 Passage7 概要补全 说明文 201 主要介绍情绪化进食的概念及其危害，并提供了避免情绪化进食的建议。 时文阅读 话题谚语小知识 1.Man is iron, food is steel; skip a meal and you’ll feel weak.人是铁，饭是钢，一顿不吃饿得慌。 2.Tell me what you eat, and I will tell you what you are.你吃什么，你就是什么样的人。 3.Eat a good breakfast, a full lunch, and a light dinner.早餐要吃好，午餐要吃饱，晚餐要吃少。 4.Speak not while eating, nor talk while sleeping.食不言，寝不语 5.Wash hands before meals, rinse mouth after.饭前洗手，饭后漱口 6.Disease enters through the mouth, and trouble comes out of it.病从口入，祸从口出。 7.If you want to live a long life, you have to cut back on dinner.若想长寿安，须减夜来餐。 8.An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.一分预防胜过十分治疗 9.A sound mind in a sound body.健全的精神寓于健康的身体（饮食是健康基础）。 10.Three pieces of ginger are like ginseng soup.朝食三片姜，犹如人参汤。 11.Eat to live, but not live to eat.吃饭是为了活着，活着不是为了吃饭 12.Eat at pleasure, drink with measure.进食可随心，饮酒需节制 13.After dinner sit a while, after supper walk a mile.午饭后歇一歇，晚饭后百步走 14.Eat moderately and drink moderately.吃要有所节制，饮需适可而止。 15.Fine grain collocation, less meat and more nutrients.精细粮食巧搭配，少荤多素有营养。 16.A bowl of soup before dinner is not needed in the pharmacy.饭前一碗汤，不用进药房。 17.Diet cures more than doctors.饮食调理胜过求医 / 药补不如食补。 时文阅读 Passage A《查理和巧克力工厂》 (Mr. Wonka is showing the visitors around his chocolate factory. One of the visitors, Veruca Salt, is a girl who wants everything she sees.) Scene One Mr. Wonka led the group into a beautiful room. One hundred squirrels were sitting on stools around a large table, breaking the nuts with their teeth at a fantastic speed. “The squirrels are specially trained!” Mr. Wonka explained happily. “They can tell a good nut from a bad nut. The bad ones never get broken. They will be thrown down the rubbish chute (滑道).” Veruca’s eyes grew wide with desire. “Daddy!” she shouted, stamping on her foot. “I want a trained squirrel! Get me one of them!” “All right, my pet, Daddy will get you one.” Mr. Salt said. Scene Two Mr. Salt walked confidently towards the squirrels. “No! Stop! Don’t!” shouted Mr. Wonka. But it was too late. Mr. Salt caught the nearest squirrel. The squirrel shouted loudly and angrily. Scene Three The moment Mr. Salt touched the squirrel, all the other squirrels stopped working. They turned and looked at him. Then, with a sudden move, they jumped on him. They didn’t bite or scratch him. Instead, they pushed him down the rubbish chute. Veruca shouted, “Daddy! Save my squirrel!” Then the squirrels turned to Veruca. “They’re testing her!” said Mr. Wonka. “They think she’s a bad nut!” Scene Four Seconds later, Veruca was also pushed down the chute by squirrels. Her shouts disappeared gradually. After a while, Mr. Wonka turned to the other children. “It happens about once a week,” he said with a shrug (耸肩).”They are really excellent judges of character.” (Then, Mr. Wonka led the rest of the visitors to another room...) ——adapted from Charlie and the chocolate Factory 1．According to Scene One, what is the squirrels’ job in the room? A．Eating good nuts. B．Breaking good nuts. C．Selling good nuts. D．Producing good nuts. 2．In Scene Two, how did Mr. Wonka feel when he shouted? A．Bored. B．Happy. C．Shocked. D．Peaceful. 3．What can we infer from the text? A．Veruca is a good girl who hardly breaks the rules. B．No one has been pushed down the chute before. C．The other visitors felt sorry for Veruca and her father. D．Mr. Wonka had no plans to save Veruca and her father. 4． Each picture above matches one scene. Which scene is missing? A．Scene One. B．Scene Two. C．Scene Three. D．Scene Four. 【答案】1—4 BCDD 【详解】1．细节理解题。第一幕中明确提到：“One hundred squirrels were sitting on stools around a large table, breaking the nuts with their teeth…”以及“They can tell a good nut from a bad nut. The bad ones never get broken.”，坏坚果不会被咬开，说明松鼠在房间里的具体工作是咬开好的坚果。 2．推理判断题。第二幕中明确提到Mr. Wonka大声制止：“‘No! Stop! Don’t!’ shouted Mr. Wonka. But it was too late.”，连用三个带有感叹号的急促否定词，说明面对Mr. Salt突然走上前抓松鼠的不当举动，Mr. Wonka感到十分震惊。 3．推理判断题。结合第三、四幕可知父女俩被推进滑道后，Mr. Wonka耸耸肩说道“It happens about once a week…”，随后直接带领其余访客前往另一个房间“Then, Mr. Wonka led the rest of the visitors to another room…”，说明Mr. Wonka并不打算去营救Veruca和她的父亲。 4．细节理解题。比对配图与场景可知，图一男子抓松鼠对应第二幕；图二松鼠围在桌旁剥坚果对应第一幕；图三松鼠群扑向男子将其推入滑道对应第三幕；三幅图对应了前三幕，唯独缺少第四幕Veruca也被推下垃圾滑道的画面。 译文：（背景：旺卡先生正带领参观者参观他的巧克力工厂。参观者中有一位名叫维鲁卡·索尔特的女孩，她想要自己看见的所有东西。） 第一幕 旺卡先生带着一行人走进一间漂亮的房间。一百只松鼠坐在大桌子四周的凳子上，正以惊人的速度用牙齿咬开坚果。 “这些松鼠是经过专门训练的！”旺卡先生开心地解释道，“它们能分辨出坚果的好坏。坏坚果永远不会被剥开，会被扔进垃圾滑道。” 维鲁卡满眼渴望。“爸爸！”她一边跺脚大喊，“我想要一只受过训练的松鼠！给我弄一只！” “好的宝贝，爸爸给你弄一只。”索尔特先生说道。 第二幕 索尔特先生自信地走向松鼠。 “别去！停下！不要碰！”旺卡先生大喊，但是已经太晚了。索尔特先生抓住离他最近的那只松鼠。松鼠愤怒地大声尖叫起来。 第三幕 索尔特先生一碰这只松鼠的瞬间，其他所有松鼠都停下了手里的活。它们转过身盯着他。紧接着，它们猛地扑向他。它们没有咬他，也没有抓挠他，而是把他推下了垃圾滑道。 维鲁卡大喊：“爸爸！救下我的松鼠！”然后松鼠们转向了维鲁卡。 “它们正在测试她！”旺卡先生说，“它们认为她是一颗坏坚果！” 第四幕 片刻之后，维鲁卡也被松鼠推下了滑道。她的喊叫声渐渐消失。过了一会儿，旺卡先生转向其他孩子，耸了耸肩说：“这种事大约一周发生一次。它们非常擅长判断人的品性。” （随后，旺卡先生带着剩下的参观者去往另一个房间……） 长难句分析 1.One hundred squirrels were sitting on stools around a large table, breaking the nuts with their teeth at a fantastic speed.一百只松鼠坐在大桌子四周的凳子上，正以惊人的速度用牙齿咬开坚果。 📖结构分析：主干：One hundred squirrels were sitting（过去进行时）;on stools / around a large table：地点状语;breaking the nuts…speed：现在分词作伴随状语，表示和主句谓语同时发生的动作。 2.One of the visitors, Veruca Salt, is a girl who wants everything she sees.参观者中有一位名叫维鲁卡·索尔特的女孩，她想要自己看见的所有东西。 📖结构分析（双重定语从句！绝佳定语从句例题）主干：One of the visitors is a girl;Veruca Salt 同位语，补充女孩名字;第一层定语从句：who wants everything，先行词a girl，关系代词who在从句作主语;第二层内嵌定语从句：(that) she sees，先行词everything，关系代词that作宾语，所以省略。 Passage B AI厨房 Automated kitchens aren’t sci-fi scenes from shows like Star Trek. Right now, robots are used to fry chicken, make pizzas, prepare salads and many more. AI can invent recipes according to what a kitchen has. More modern ideas are in development to automate kitchens for fine dining. Technology is possibly expensive at first, so restaurants and other businesses are the first ones to use AI kitchen technologies. Over time, prices will possibly fall enough for the home market, changing how homes and society work. The benefits of AI kitchens include helping cooks to stay away from boring tasks such as peeling potatoes or standing at a workstation for hours. It can free up time, allowing people to focus on more important tasks. For personalized eating, AI can fit countless special diets and tastes to meet needs. However, there are risks to human happiness. Cooking is a good activity that helps with communication and self-expression, but humans may lose these benefits if their involvement becomes unnecessary. Family relationships might be not so close without the teamwork in the kitchen. Moreover, the kitchen acts as a small science lab at home, playing an important role in science education. The art of cooking helps kids learn about materials, chemistry and problem-solving. We also need to pay attention to cultural risks. For example, AI could change traditional recipes and ways, as it often oversimplifies cultural details. As a result, AI and robot cooks may make fewer kinds of dishes. Depending too heavily on technology in meal creation may lead to less diversity, making food taste almost the same, similar to the strange feel of AI art pictures across different apps. Convenience can come at a great cost, so it’s important to consider the possible social disruptions that new technologies might bring, especially in areas like food that are closely tied to our everyday lives. 1．Why are restaurants the first to use AI kitchen technologies? A．They are more interested in automation. B．They can pay the high costs. C．They have more space for robots. D．They want to attract more customers. 2．Which of the following risks of AI cooking to humans is NOT mentioned? A．Family relationship might be affected. B．Kids can’t learn about science in the kitchen. C．There will be not so many kinds of dishes. D．The AI art pictures in different apps have a strange feel. 3．How could AI possibly harm cultural diversity in food? A．By taking the place of human cooks B．By encouraging home cooking. C．By focusing personalized eating. D．By oversimplifying traditional recipes. 4．What’s the structure of the passage? A．① / ②③ / ④⑤⑥ / ⑦ B．①② / ③ / ④⑤⑥ / ⑦ C．①② / ③④ / ⑤⑥ / ⑦ D．① / ②③ / ④⑤ / ⑥⑦ 长难句分析 1.Depending too heavily on technology in meal creation may lead to less diversity, making food taste almost the same, similar to the strange feel of AI art pictures across different apps.做饭时过度依赖技术，会造成饮食多样性下降，食物吃起来味道几乎都一样，就像不同软件里AI生成图片都有种相似的怪异感。 📖结构：Depending too heavily on technology in meal creation：动名词短语作句子主语；主干：Depending… may lead to less diversity；making food taste almost the same：现在分词作结果状语；similar to the strange feel of AI art pictures across different apps 形容词短语作补充说明。 2.It can free up time, allowing people to focus on more important tasks.这能够解放时间，让人们专注于更重要的事务。 📖结构：主干：It can free up time；allowing people to focus… 现在分词作结果状语（重庆中考阅读、写作高频语法！表前面这件事带来的自然结果） 3.Convenience can come at a great cost, so it’s important to consider the possible social disruptions that new technologies might bring, especially in areas like food that are closely tied to our everyday lives.便利的代价或许是巨大的。因此，我们必须重视新技术可能带来的社会层面的冲击，尤其是饮食这类和日常生活紧密相关的领域。 📖结构（双重定语从句）：so 引导结果并列句；it’s important to do it作形式主语；that new technologies might bring 定语从句，修饰social disruptions；that are closely tied to our everyday lives 第二层定语从句，修饰areas like food 4.Moreover, the kitchen acts as a small science lab at home, playing an important role in science education.除此之外，家中的厨房就像一个小型科学实验室，在科普教育方面发挥重要作用。 📖结构：playing an important role… 现在分词作伴随状语；固定短语：act as 充当；play an important role in 在……起重要作用（写作万能句）。 【答案】1—4 BDDA 【详解】1．文章第二段明确指出：“Technology is possibly expensive at first, so restaurants and other businesses are the first ones to use AI kitchen technologies.” 技术起初昂贵，餐厅和其他企业是第一批使用者，说明它们有能力承担高昂成本。 2．A项“家庭关系可能受影响”在第四段提到：“Family relationships might be not so close without the teamwork in the kitchen.”  B项“孩子不能在厨房学习科学”可由第五段推断：厨房在科学教育中作用重要，若人类参与变得不必要，孩子可能失去这些学习机会。  C项“菜品种类会变少”在第六段提到：“AI and robot cooks may make fewer kinds of dishes.”  D项“不同应用中的AI艺术图片有奇怪感觉”只是第六段用来类比食物味道趋同的现象，并非AI烹饪对人类的直接风险。因此选D。 3．文章第六段明确写道：“AI could change traditional recipes and ways, as it often oversimplifies cultural details.” 因此AI可能通过过度简化传统食谱来损害饮食文化多样性。A、B、C均未在文中作为损害文化多样性的原因提及。 4．第①段：引入话题，介绍自动化厨房和AI烹饪的现状。  第②③段：讲AI厨房技术的使用背景（价格昂贵，企业先使用）和益处（减轻负担、个性化饮食）。  第④⑤⑥段：分别从人类幸福、科学教育、文化多样性三个角度分析风险。  第⑦段：总结，提醒便利可能带来社会扰乱。 因此结构为① / ②③ / ④⑤⑥ / ⑦，选A。 译文：自动化厨房并不是《星际迷航》这类影视剧里才有的科幻场景。如今，机器人已经可以用来炸鸡、制作披萨、调配沙拉等等。人工智能还能根据厨房里现有的食材研发菜谱。更多更前沿的构想正在研发中，目标是把高档餐厅的厨房也实现自动化。 这项技术初期成本可能很高，所以餐馆和其他商业机构会最先使用人工智能厨房技术。随着时间推移，价格或许会降到家庭能够承受的水平，进而改变家庭生活与社会运转的方式。 人工智能厨房有不少好处：它可以帮厨师摆脱削土豆、长时间站在操作台旁这类枯燥的工作。这能够解放时间，让人们专注于更重要的事务。在个性化饮食方面，人工智能可以适配无数特殊饮食方案与口味，满足不同需求。 然而，它也会给人们的精神生活带来隐患。烹饪是一项利于沟通与自我表达的活动，但如果人类不再需要参与做饭，就可能失去这些好处。缺少厨房里的协作，家人之间的关系或许不会那么亲密。 除此之外，家中的厨房就像一个小型科学实验室，在科普教育方面发挥重要作用。烹饪这项技艺能够帮助孩子们认识材料、学习化学知识以及锻炼解决问题的能力。 我们同样需要留意文化层面的风险。举例来说，人工智能有可能改动传统菜谱与烹饪方式，因为它常常把文化细节过度简化。这样一来，人工智能和机器人厨师能做出的菜品种类可能变少。做饭时过度依赖技术，会造成饮食多样性下降，食物吃起来味道几乎都一样，就像不同软件里AI生成图片都有种相似的怪异感。 便利的代价或许是巨大的。因此，我们必须重视新技术可能带来的社会层面的冲击，尤其是饮食这类和日常生活紧密相关的领域。 话题写作佳句积累 1.Striving to carry adequate nutrition is the best investment for your body and mind that you can make. 努力摄取充足的营养是你能为自己的身心所做的最佳投资。 2.Those who think they do not have time for healthy eating will sooner or later find time for illness. 那些认为自己没有时间吃健康食物的人，迟早会有时间生病。 3.Junk food may taste good, but it has little nutritional value and can harm your health. 垃圾食品可能味道不错，但它没有什么营养价值，并可能损害您的健康。 4.The food you eat can be the most powerful form of medicine or the slowest form of poison. 你吃的食物可以是最强大的药物，也可以是最缓慢的毒药。 5.A balanced diet is essential for a healthy lifestyle.均衡的饮食对健康的生活方式至关重要。 6.Eating is a necessity, but eating wisely is an art. 吃是一种必要，但明智地吃是一门艺术。 7.A man too busy to take care of his health is like a mechanic too busy to take care of his tools. 一个人忙得没时间照顾自己的健康，就像一个机械师忙得没时间保养自己的工具。 实战演练 真题示例 Passage 1 （2026·山东济宁·中考真题）Zhang Jun moved to a new country not long ago, and everything feels unfamiliar—the language, the food, and the way people speak. At school, his classmates eat pizzas, salads, hamburgers, or sandwiches for lunch, while he brings rice and other Chinese food that his grandmother makes. He eats quickly, hoping no one notices. His parents always work late, so most evenings it is just Zhang Jun and his grandmother. His grandmother enjoys cooking and humming (哼唱) old Chinese songs. Zhang Jun is quiet and seldom talks about his own feelings. Then comes the school’s “International Dinner Party”. Each student brings a traditional dish from their hometown. Zhang Jun doesn’t want to go. “What if they laugh at my dish?” he asks his grandmother. His grandmother gives him a warm look, “Then they’ll miss the best part.” Her words give him courage. He decides to bring roast duck with plum sauce (梅子酱). Grandma cooks the duck, and he helps her make the sauce. This time, he doesn’t feel afraid but proud. In the evening, Zhang Jun brings the dish to school. The school hall is filled with dishes from around the world. He places his duck on the table, then steps back. A student comes and tries it. “Wow,” she says. “This is amazing! What’s this?” “It’s a roast duck with plum sauce,” he says. “My grandmother and I made it.” More and more students gather around because of the smell. Zhang Jun is quite surprised, and this time, his nervousness never comes back. Later that night, he tells his grandmother, “They loved it, Grandma!” She smiles, “Of course they did. It came from your heart.” 1．What does Zhang Jun usually eat for lunch at school? A．Pizzas and sandwiches. B．Salads and hamburgers. C．Roast duck with plum sauce. D．Rice and other Chinese food. 2．What does the sentence “Then they’ll miss the best part” imply (暗示)? A．They will not see the roast duck. B．They will miss the party time. C．They will miss his culture and love. D．They will lose the chance to eat. 3．Which is the correct order to show the changes of Zhang Jun’s feelings? ①Brave and proud         ②Surprised but no longer nervous ③Afraid to go                ④Quiet and hoping no one notices A．③→④→②→① B．④→③→②→① C．④→③→①→② D．③→②→④→① 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．A Dish from the Heart B．Zhang Jun’s New School Life C．A Duck and Its Secret Taste D．How to Win Friends with Food 【答案】1—4 DCCA 【详解】1．根据文章第1段“while he brings rice and other Chinese food that his grandmother makes”可知，张俊在学校午餐通常吃米饭和其他祖母做的中国食物。 2．根据文章第4段奶奶说的话及最后一段“It came from your heart.”可知，奶奶意指如果别人嘲笑，那是他们错过了食物背后蕴含的文化与爱。 3．文章第1段“Zhang Jun is quiet... hoping no one notices”对应④；第2-3段“Zhang Jun doesn’t want to go... What if they laugh”对应③；第5段“he doesn’t feel afraid but proud”对应①；第7段“Zhang Jun is quite surprised, and this time, his nervousness never comes back”对应②。情感变化顺序为：④→③→①→②。 4．文章围绕张俊带食物参加派对展开，核心在于奶奶所说的食物来自内心“It came from your heart.”，标题“A Dish from the Heart”最能概括文章主旨。 Passage 2 （2026·江苏淮安·中考真题）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 On New Year’s Eve, it snowed heavily outside. My mum and I decorated our home to welcome the new year. My New Year’s wish was simple. I hoped to have a big dinner as usual. My mum is good at 1 , especially tasty dumplings. My dad is a truck driver. He doesn’t have much 2 for me because he is often away from home for work. Two days before, he promised to get home at six o’clock on New Year’s Eve. I knew he would not tell 3 . After six o’clock that day, I got his 4 on my phone, “Traffic is terrible on the way. I will be home later! Wait for me. Dad loves you!” I smiled and waited patiently. An hour passed, Dad still didn’t appear. The wind blew harder and the snow became even 5 . I turned on the TV. News reports warned of closed roads and accidents. I called Dad repeatedly, but 6 answered. How I wished Dad could appear in front of me at once! I walked around in the room and was full of 7 . Suddenly, I saw flashing (闪烁的) police lights through the window. Soon someone knocked at the door loudly. I felt so 8 , “Was there an accident?” I rushed to open the door. Cold wind blew in. Behind two policemen stood my dad! One policeman said they 9 my dad when he was trapped in the deep snow. I threw myself into Dad’s arms 10 . Dad told me his mobile phone didn’t work when he tried to ask for help. “My trip was terrible, but I didn’t 11 my promise,” he said softly. We expressed our 12 to the policemen and went back into the warm house. That night, the three of us stayed around the table. Mum taught us to make dumplings, while Dad told funny jokes to make us 13 . I finally understood that my New Year’s wish was 14 about the big dinner. What I really hoped was that the family could 15 . This was the warmest happiness in life. 1．A．reading B．cooking C．dancing D．drawing 2．A．time B．space C．money D．love 3．A．lies B．truths C．stories D．secrets 4．A．task B．question C．introduction D．message 5．A．cleaner B．thinner C．heavier D．softer 6．A．nobody B．somebody C．everybody D．anybody 7．A．regret B．worry C．pleasure D．courage 8．A．calm B．proud C．relaxed D．nervous 9．A．left B．found C．praised D．followed 10．A．patiently B．angrily C．excitedly D．bravely 11．A．keep B．make C．realize D．forget 12．A．thanks B．interests C．fears D．pains 13．A．work B．change C．laugh D．imagine 14．A．just B．never C．even D．exactly 15．A．get along B．get ready C．get away D．get together 【答案】1—5 BAADC 6—10 ABDBC 11—15 DACBD 【详解】1．句意：我妈妈擅长烹饪，特别是美味的饺子。后文提到的“tasty dumplings”属于食物，是烹饪的产物，cooking“烹饪”符合语境。reading“阅读”、dancing“跳舞”、drawing“画画”都和制作饺子的技能无关。 2．句意：他没有太多时间陪我，因为他经常离家工作。前文提到爸爸是卡车司机，常年外出工作，可推知他能分给我的时间很少，time“时间”符合语境。space“空间”、money“金钱”、love“爱”都不符合“因工作常年离家”所指向的时间分配不足的逻辑。 3．句意：我知道他不会说谎。前文提到爸爸两天前承诺会在新年前夜六点到家，我对他的承诺十分信任，tell lies是固定搭配表示“说谎”，lies“谎言”符合语境。truths“真相”、stories“故事”、secrets“秘密”都不符合此处“我相信爸爸不会违背承诺、欺骗我”的语义。 4．句意：六点之后，我在手机上收到了他的信息：“路上交通糟透了！我晚点回家！等我。爸爸爱你！”后文引号里是爸爸发来的文字内容，message“信息”符合手机收到留言的场景。task“任务”、question“问题”、introduction“介绍”都和这段来自爸爸的留言属性不符。 5．句意：风刮得更猛了，雪下得更大了。前文提到一开始外面就下了大雪，风势变大之后雪势只会进一步加剧，heavier此处用来形容雪更大更密集，符合语境。cleaner“更干净的”、thinner“更稀薄的”、softer“更柔软的”都无法体现雪势变大的恶劣天气走向。 6．句意：我一遍遍给爸爸打电话，但是没有人接。后文提到我十分担心爸爸，可推知电话没有人应答，nobody“没有人”符合语境。somebody“某人”、everybody“所有人”、anybody“任何人”都和我联系不上爸爸的情节矛盾。 7．句意：我在房间里走来走去，充满了担忧。新闻报道说道路封闭还发生了事故，我又联系不上爸爸，此时的情绪必然是担忧焦虑，worry“担忧”符合语境。regret“后悔”、pleasure“愉悦”、courage“勇气”都不符合我联系不上父亲的焦急状态。 8．句意：我感到很紧张：“是发生事故了吗？”窗外出现闪烁的警灯，又传来很大的敲门声，本来就担心爸爸出事的我瞬间神经紧绷，nervous“紧张不安的”符合语境。calm“冷静的”、proud“骄傲的”、relaxed“放松的”都和我此时恐慌的情绪完全相悖。 9．句意：一位警察说，当爸爸被困在深雪里的时候，是他们找到了我的爸爸。爸爸被困在大雪里无法脱身，是巡逻的警察发现了他的处境，found“找到、发现”符合语境。left“离开”、praised“赞扬”、followed“跟随”都不符合警察救助被困者的行为逻辑。 10．句意：我激动地扑进爸爸的怀里。之前我一直极度担心爸爸的安危，看到平安归来的爸爸，我的情绪必然是激动狂喜的，excitedly“激动地”符合语境。patiently“耐心地”、angrily“生气地”、bravely“勇敢地”都无法体现我见到平安的父亲时的狂喜状态。 11．句意：他轻声说：“我的旅途很糟糕，但我没有忘记我的承诺。”前文提到爸爸承诺要在除夕夜赶回家，即便遭遇大雪被困，他也没有忘记要回家的约定，forget“忘记”符合语境。keep“遵守”代入语义矛盾，make“制定”、realize“意识到”都不符合此处“没有背弃当初的承诺”的语义。 12．句意：我们向警察表达了谢意，然后回到了温暖的屋子里。警察救助了被困雪中的爸爸，我们理所应当向对方表达感激，thanks“感谢”符合语境。interests“兴趣”、fears“恐惧”、pains“痛苦”都不符合面对施救者的正确态度。 13．句意：妈妈教我们包饺子，而爸爸讲有趣的笑话让我们笑。讲笑话的目的就是逗人发笑，laugh“大笑”符合语境。work“工作”、change“改变”、imagine“想象”都和“讲笑话”的作用没有关联。 14．句意：我终于明白，我的新年愿望从来都不是关于大餐。后文提到我真正想要的是别的东西，说明丰盛的家宴并不是我愿望的全部，never“从不”符合语境。just“仅仅、只”、even“甚至”、exactly“精确地”都无法体现“家宴只是表象，我有更深层的期盼”的语义。 15．句意：我真正希望的是一家人能够团聚。根据前文的经历和“This was the warmest happiness in life”，可知作者感悟到新年最温暖的幸福就是家人团聚。get together意为“团聚”，符合文章主旨。get along“相处”、get ready“准备好”、get away“离开”都不符合此处对阖家团圆的期盼。 模拟演练 Passage 1 In early September, a debate about pre-prepared food (预制菜) started in China. Luo Yonghao, a well-known businessman, posted on social media Weibo that he felt “uncomfortable” after dining at Xibei, a famous restaurant brand in China. He said almost all dishes there were pre-prepared but overpriced, and called on the government to make laws forcing restaurants to tell people clearly if they use such food. Xibei quickly fought back. Its founder Jia Guolong said none of Xibei’s dishes were pre-prepared and later opened its kitchens to the public to show that its dishes were fresh. This event pushed pre-prepared food into the spotlight and caused wide discussion. On the positive side, pre-prepared food saves time for both restaurants and customers. Restaurants can make more dishes in less time with pre-prepared ingredients, which makes the waiting time for customers shorter. For busy people at home, pre-prepared food also makes cooking easier—they just need to reheat it before eating. Besides, pre-prepared food can cut food waste. Factories that make it usually control ingredient amounts strictly, so fewer ingredients are thrown away. However, pre-prepared food has its problems. Many people worry about its taste. Reheating may make the food less delicious, and some nutrients (营养) might be lost during processing. There are also worries about food safety. If the pre-prepared food is not stored or transported properly, it could go bad and harm people’s health. What’s more, some restaurants use pre-prepared food but don’t tell customers, which takes away people’s right to choose. Now, more and more people hope there will be clearer standards for pre-prepared food, so that everyone can make informed choices. 1．What did Luo Yonghao ask the government to do about pre-prepared food? A．Stop restaurants from using it. B．Make laws to let restaurants mark its use. C．Lower the price of pre-prepared dishes. D．Punish restaurants that use it. 2．Why did Xibei open its kitchen to the public? A．To show its dishes are fresh, not pre-prepared.B．To teach customers how to cook its dishes. C．To follow new government rules. D．To attract customers with clean kitchens. 3．What does the underlined phrase “fought back” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．放弃 B．反驳 C．沉默 D．抢救 4．What is the writer’s attitude towards pre-prepared food? A．It is perfect and should be widely used. B．It is terrible and people had better not eat it. C．It has both good and bad sides, needing better standards. D．It is only suitable for busy people at home. 5．Why do people worry about the pre-prepared food? A．It is always too expensive to afford. B．It may lose nutrients during reheating and processing. C．It makes the waiting time for customers longer. D．It uses many fresh ingredients and causes waste. 【答案】1—5 BABCB 【解析】 1．细节理解题。根据“He said almost all dishes there were pre-prepared but overpriced, and called on the government to make laws forcing restaurants to tell people clearly if they use such food.”可知，他表示西贝几乎所有菜品都是预制菜但价格过高，并呼吁政府立法，强制餐厅明确告知顾客是否使用预制菜。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Its founder Jia Guolong said none of Xibei’s dishes were pre-prepared and later opened its kitchens to the public to show that its dishes were fresh.”可知，西贝创始人贾国龙称西贝没有任何预制菜，随后向公众开放厨房，以证明其菜品新鲜。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Its founder Jia Guolong said none of Xibei’s dishes were pre-prepared and later opened its kitchens to the public to show that its dishes were fresh.”可知，在罗永浩的言论下，西贝创始人贾国龙称西贝没有任何预制菜，随后向公众开放厨房，以证明其菜品新鲜。以此举来反驳罗永浩预制菜的言论。所以此处fought back表示反驳。故选B。 4．观点态度题。根据“For busy people at home, pre-prepared food also makes cooking easier—they just need to reheat it before eating. Besides, pre-prepared food can cut food waste. Factories that make it usually control ingredient amounts strictly, so fewer ingredients are thrown away.”可知，作者认为预制菜很方便也能减少浪费，“However, pre-prepared food has its problems.”可知，作者认为预制菜也有缺点，以及“Now, more and more people hope there will be clearer standards for pre-prepared food。”可知越来越多人希望有更清晰的标准。所以作者认为预制菜有好有坏，需要有更清晰的标准。故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据“Reheating may make the food less delicious, and some nutrients might be lost during processing.”可知，加热可能导致食物口感变差，且部分营养在加工过程中可能流失。故选B。 Passage 2 A special kitchen is in a path, next to Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, in Nanchang. Around meal time, three times every day, relatives of the hospital’s patients use the kitchen to cook food for their loved ones. The kitchen was originally a breakfast stall(摊) run by a husband and wife, Wan Zuocheng and Xiong Gengxiang. One day, in 2003, a young couple asked if they could use the stove to cook food for their son who had bone cancer(骨癌). Wan and Xiong let the young mother use their stove for free. Later on, Wan and Xiong offered their kitchenware for free, so other families could cook meals for hospitalized relatives. As word spread, people who had used their kitchenware began describing the breakfast stall as the“anti-cancer kitchen”. Some even called it the“kitchen of love”. To let more people cook at the same time,Wan and Xiong have turned their breakfast stall into a large kitchen. People who have used their kitchen really wanted to share the costs. As a result, Wan and Xiong set a price: One yuan to cook a dish or to buy a box of rice, and three yuan to cook soup. Water and seasonings(调味品) are free. For people from poor families, the couple don’t let them pay. ▲ They get up at 4 am every day to prepare.They boil water and cook rice. To make it easier for others to use the kitchen, Wan and Xiong would like to clean the kitchen, like sweeping the ground and washing the pans and pots. Wan and Xiong have run the kitchen for 23 years. But they have never regretted their decision.They always listen to patients’ relatives talking about their experiences. They believe listening to them helps them feel at ease. Xiong says, “It is the happiest thing to run the kitchen and help others.” 6．What does the underlined word“originally” most probably mean? A．At least. B．Surely. C．At first. D．Probably. 7．How much will it cost to cook two dishes and a cup of soup in the kitchen? A．4 yuan. B．5 yuan. C．6 yuan. D．7 yuan. 8．What can be put in ▲ in the fourth paragraph? A．More and more people from poor families come to cook. B．Wan and Xiong think working in the kitchen is not easy. C．Wan and Xiong are busy from early morning to late evening. D．The couple’s children want them to take a break, but they always refuse. 9．Which of the following is TRUE? A．The kitchen is free to people all the time. B．The kitchen is in a hospital in Nanchang. C．Many people help in the kitchen every day. D．Wan and Xiong like listening to the stories of others. 【答案】6—9 CBCD 【详解】6．词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“The kitchen was originally a breakfast stall run by a husband and wife, Wan Zuocheng and Xiong Gengxiang.”，结合后文介绍这个摊位逐步演变为供病人家属做饭的爱心厨房的内容，可推知originally表示“起初、最初”的含义。 7．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“One yuan to cook a dish or to buy a box of rice, and three yuan to cook soup.”可知，做一道菜收费1元，做一份汤收费3元，因此做两道菜和一份汤的总费用为5元。 8．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“They get up at 4 am every day to prepare.They boil water and cook rice. To make it easier for others to use the kitchen, Wan and Xiong would like to clean the kitchen, like sweeping the ground and washing the pans and pots.”可推知，本段围绕夫妇二人每日为厨房忙碌的状态展开，空缺处作为段首总起句，应体现二人从早到晚都很忙碌的内容。 9．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“They always listen to patients’ relatives talking about their experiences. They believe listening to them helps them feel at ease.”可知，万佐成和熊庚香喜欢倾听他人的经历。 Passage 3 Hechuan Taopian is a delicious snack from Chongqing that is fit for people of all ages. For many people in Chongqing, Hechuan Taopian carries their childhood memories. The production craft of Hechuan Taopian mixes both the wisdom and efforts of the workers. Thanks to its strict standards, it has won many gold medals and is one of Chongqing’s intangible cultural heritages (非物质文化遗产). This famous snack has a history of over 100 years since the Qing Dynasty. It is made from simple but good materials including sticky rice, walnut kernels, sugar, and roses. The making process needs great skill and care. First, workers wash and stir-fry the rice. Later they turn it into fine powder. After that, they mix the powder with sugar and walnuts. Then it’s pressed into shape. Finally, workers cut it into thin pieces, with each less than 1 millimeter thick. This needs years of practice. During its development, workers have been improving the taste and the flavor of Hechuan Taopian, which can be divided into soft slices and crispy slices. The soft ones are usually white and a little chewy (耐嚼的). The crispy ones are light yellow, sweet and crispy, with a salty taste. What makes them special is not just their taste but also the traditional way of making them by hand that has been kept alive for years. As a protected cultural heritage, it continues to show the value of traditional food making while staying popular in modern times. It stands as a good example of how traditional food production craft can be kept and enjoyed in today’s world, connecting people of all ages through shared food culture. 10．How long has Hechuan Taopian been famous since the Qing Dynasty? A．For 300 years. B．Over 100 years. C．200 years. D．We don’t know. 11．What’s the last step of making Hechuan Taopian? A． B． C． D． 12．Which sentence uses “taste” with the same meaning as the underlined word? taste / teist/  n.①味觉  ②味道  ③(短暂的) 体验  v.品尝 A．This trip to Xinjiang was his first taste of freedom in months. B．Maggie has a strong sense of taste, so she can’t stand carrots. C．I tasted the famous noodles as soon as I arrived in Chongqing. D．I like the taste of coffee and enjoy coffee from different areas. 13．What is the best title for the passage? A．New Ideas for an Old Chongqing Snack B．Soft Slices Developed by Hechuan People C．Hechuan Taopian: Heritage of Craft and Taste D．Hechuan Taopian: A Connection Between People 【答案】10—13 BADC 【详解】10．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“This famous snack has a history of over 100 years since the Qing Dynasty.”可知，合川桃片自清朝起已有超过一百年的历史。 11．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Finally, workers cut it into thin pieces, with each less than 1 millimeter thick.”可知，合川桃片制作的最后一步是将其切成薄片，图1呈现的是工人切片的工序场景，符合最后一步的描述。 12．词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“workers has been improving the taste and the flavor of Hechuan Taopian”可知，划线词taste是名词，与flavor（风味）并列，含义为“味道”。D选项中taste为名词，意为“味道”，与划线词的词义和用法一致。 13．最佳标题题。全文围绕合川桃片展开，既介绍了它的传统制作工艺，也提到了它的口味特点，同时点明了它的非物质文化遗产属性，“Hechuan Taopian: Heritage of Craft and Taste”全面涵盖了文章核心内容，最适合作文章标题。 Passage 4       Miss Martha owned a small warm bakery in a quiet street. She was a forty-year-old, gentle and kind lady. She always treated every customer with patience and care. Most people came to her shop for sweet cakes, soft rolls and fresh bread, but one special guest caught her attention. The gentleman visited the shop two or three times a week. He was always neatly dressed, quiet and polite. Every time he came, he would smile softly and say, “Two loaves of stale (不新鲜的) hard bread, please.” He never bought any fresh food. Miss Martha became curious about him. Looking at his simple clothes, she guessed he must be a poor but talented artist who lived a hard life alone. Hoping to offer some warm help without hurting his pride, she thought up an idea. One afternoon, when the man arrived as usual, Miss Martha secretly cut his two stale loaves, filled them with thick fresh butter, and packed them neatly again. She smiled quietly, believing her little kindness would bring comfort to the man. Soon after he left, the shop door was pushed open roughly. The gentleman returned quickly. “What on earth have you done?” he shouted angrily. “You have destroyed all my work! I have spent weeks on this drawing!” Miss Martha was completely shocked. She stared at him in surprise and asked nervously, “I’m so sorry, sir. I just wanted to give you a little warmth. I thought you needed better food.” In fact, the man was not an artist at all. He was a draftsman. Dry stale bread was his special tool to clean pencil marks on his drawings. The soft butter had badly influenced his careful work. At that moment, Miss Martha felt extremely ashamed and regretful. She realized suddenly that blind kindness, without true understanding, could finally turn into a bad mistake. ——Adapted from The Witch’s Bread 14．Why did Miss Martha put butter in the bread instead of giving him fresh bread? A．Because she wanted to show off her special baking skills to him. B．Because she thought fresh bread was too expensive for the poor man. C．Because she had no fresh bread left in her bakery at that moment. D．Because she wanted to help him as well as protect his self-respect. 15．What can we know about the gentleman from what he did? A．He was too poor to afford any fresh food. B．He had a special need for stale hard bread. C．He tried his best to show off good manners. D．He often received pity from kind strangers. 16．What can we infer from the passage? A．Miss Martha couldn’t run the bakery well. B．The gentleman was not so poor as Miss Martha imagined. C．The gentleman often bought fresh soft bread. D．Miss Martha will never help anyone in the future. 17．What lesson can we learn from the story? A．Seeing is believing. B．To help others is to help yourself. C．Don’t judge a book by its cover. D．Actions speak louder than words. 【答案】14—17 DBBC 【详解】14．第二段指出Martha的想法：“Hoping to offer some warm help without hurting his pride, she thought up an idea.”，这直接说明她想帮助这位男士同时保护他的自尊心。 15．第四段提到：“Dry stale bread was his special tool to clean pencil marks on his drawings.”，这说明陈硬面包对他有着特殊用途。 16．文中Martha仅凭男士朴素的衣着猜想他生活贫苦，可实际上男士购买陈面包只是工作需要，并非穷困，由此可以推断男士并不像Martha想象的那么穷苦。 17．故事中Martha仅凭外表主观臆断男士的处境，好心却做错了事，对应谚语“Don’t judge a book by its cover.”（不要以貌取人）。 Passage 5 ①A new study came out in the UK on August 4th, 2025. It found something surprising: eating lots of ultra-processed (超加工) foods (UPFs) can make it more difficult to lose weight, even if the diet follows national healthy-eating advice. ②The research tested 55 people for a few months. They were asked to follow an 8-week diet, eating minimally (最低限度) processed foods (MPFs), such as home-cooked meals, and another 8-week diet, eating UPFs. UPFs are made by many foods with additives (添加剂) and other ingredients—just like in some snacks and ready-to-eat meals. Both diets followed the UK’s Eatwell Guide. Between the two diets, the participants ate their usual food for 4 weeks to set their bodies back to how they are at the beginning of the research. All meals, snacks and drinks were sent to their homes, but they could choose how much to eat and when. This made the study feel more like real life. ③The results showed that people lost weight on both diets. But people on the MPF diet lost much more weight. They lost 1.84 kg. People on the UPF diet lost only 0.88 kg. So, the MPF group lost twice as much weight. MPFs also helped people lose body fat. They also helped people eat just the right amount of food. UPFs did not help in these ways. ④Why is it harder to lose weight with UPFs? The study says the way they are made is important. Making UPFs changes the food. This can make you feel full more slowly. So, people may eat more food without knowing it. Additives and heat may also change gut bacteria (肠道菌群). This can make it harder to control weight. ⑤In the UK, over half of people’s daily energy comes from UPFs. Similar situations are in other European countries and the United States. UPFs are the first choice of people who earn less money because they are much cheaper. ⑥Researchers say the food environment also matters. Unhealthy diets are often not a result of personal choice but a result of food environment around us. People already know they have too much salt and sugar. However, UPFs are cheap and easy-to-get. They bring more money to sellers. ⑦This study is the longest-lasting one of its kind in real-life situations among similar studies. It helps people know the importance of realizing what healthy foods are. And the national diet guide should pay more attention to food processing. 18．Which picture can show the results of the research? A． B． C．D． 19．According to the study, what is TRUE about the two diets? A．People eating UPFs lost more weight than those eating MPFs. B．People eating MPFs lost almost the same weight as those eating UPFs. C．People eating MPFs lost twice as much weight as those eating UPFs. D．People eating UPFs found it easier to control how much they ate. 20．Why did the researchers ask participants to return to their usual food for four weeks between the two diets? A．To see which kind of food participants liked more. B．To help participants get into a healthy eating habit slowly. C．To give their bodies a break and let them relax from the study. D．To make sure the first diet didn’t change the results of the second one. 21．What is the best structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】18—21 DCDB 【解析】本文介绍了一项研究发现，经常食用超加工食品会阻碍减肥效果，并强调食品加工方式对健康饮食和体重管理的重要影响。 18．推理判断题。根据“The results showed that people lost weight on both diets. But people on the MPF diet lost much more weight. They lost 1.84 kg. People on the UPF diet lost only 0.88 kg. So, the MPF group lost twice as much weight.”可知，两种饮食都能减重，但低加工食品（MPF）饮食组减重是超加工食品（UPF）饮食组的两倍。故选D。 19．细节理解题。根据“So, the MPF group lost twice as much weight.”可知，吃MPF的人比吃UPF的人减掉了两倍的体重。故选C。 20．细节理解题。根据“Between the two diets, the participants (参与者) ate their usual food for 4 weeks to set their bodies back to how they are at the beginning of the research.”可知，目的是让身体回到研究开始时的状态，确保第一阶段饮食不会影响第二阶段的结果。故选D。 21．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，①段引出研究；②段介绍研究的具体开展（时长、参与者饮食安排等）；③段呈现研究结果及相关影响；④⑤⑥段分析超加工食品难减重的原因；⑦段总结研究意义。B选项符合文章结构。故选B。 Passage 6 ①Have you ever thought about what’s more important, looking fashionable or feeling comfortable? You might have noticed many people choosing style over comfort and some even go to extremes (极端) to follow fashion. But we should remember: being fashionable isn’t everything. It’s more important to be healthy. ②Some people believe that they need to be a certain size to look good. So, they start extreme diets (日常饮食) that are not good for their health. They might not eat meals or eat too little, which can make them feel sick. Is it a healthy way to live? ③Also, many girls wear shoes with very high heels. They might think high heels make them look taller. But these shoes can actually hurt their feet and make it hard to walk comfortably, and it can increase risks of falls. Some even wear tight (紧的) clothes that influence blood circulation (循环) making it hard to breathe. Should we put fashion over comfort and physical health? ④Besides, some boys and girls spend a lot of time and money changing their hair color. The material they use is usually harmful to their health. To make their hair straight or curly, they also use tools that are hot enough to burn their hair. But using these tools too often or at very high temperatures can make the hair dry or even burnt. Is it really worth it to risk our health, spending so much time and money? ⑤So, let’s rethink what’s really important. Is it fashion or is it our well-being? Clothes or hairstyles don’t tell us anything about a person’s character. Instead of spending a lot of time choosing clothes, we could use that time to do fun things with friends. And instead of following extreme diets, let’s eat properly and exercise regularly. Remember, your worth is not decided by your appearance, but by who you are as a person. 22．Why do some people go on extreme diets according to the passage? A．Because the diets are healthy. B．Because they just want to look good. C．Because they want to save time. D．Because they want to save money. 23．What is the writer’s purpose of using a question in each paragraph? A．To ask for help from readers. B．To tell how to spend time and money. C．To describe the latest fashion. D．To lead readers to think about the topic. 24．What does the underlined word “well-being” in Paragraph 5 mean? A．Growth. B．Health. C．Warmth. D．Truth. 25．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】22—25 BDBA 【详解】22．细节理解题。根据“Some people believe that they need to be a certain size to look good. So, they start extreme diets (日常饮食) that are not good for their health.”可知，有些人开始极端饮食是因为他们认为自己需要达到一定体型才能好看，也就是他们只是想看起来好看。故选B。 23．推理判断题。文章每段提出问题，如“Is it a healthy way to live?”“Should we put fashion over comfort and physical health?”“Is it really worth it to risk our health, spending so much time and money?”“Is it fashion or is it our well - being?”这些问题都是围绕时尚和健康哪个更重要这一主题展开，目的是引导读者思考这个话题。故选D。 24．词句猜测题。根据前文一直在讨论时尚和健康哪个更重要，以及“So, let’s rethink what’s really important. Is it fashion or is it our well-being?”可知，这里是在对比时尚和另一种重要的东西，结合前文，强调的是健康，所以“well-being”意思是“健康”。故选B。 25．篇章结构题。文章第一段提出时尚和健康哪个更重要的问题，引出主题；第二、三、四段分别从极端饮食、穿高跟鞋和紧身衣、染发烫发等方面说明为了时尚损害健康的现象；第五段总结全文，强调健康比时尚更重要，呼吁人们重视健康。所以文章结构是总分总。故选A。 Passage 7 阅读语篇，用恰当的词块或句子补全摘要中所缺信息。 We are taught from birth to use food to express our feelings. We plan family dinners, treat our friends from far away and make traditional food during festivals. But emotional eating is different. For example, you may eat a lot more than usual when you fail an important exam. You might eat a lot when experiencing the stress from Covid-19. The bad news is that emotional eating will not help you drive away any terrible feelings but might only lower your energy, disturb your sleep and weaken your immunity (免疫力). Luckily, here are some things you can do to avoid emotional eating. First, understand what you are experiencing. If your stomach is growling, it is a sign of physical hunger. But if there is no such sign and you still feel hungry, you’d better do a mental check of yourself: Am I experiencing happiness, sadness, fear, or anger? If your answer is yes, it is not your body but your mind that is asking for food. Moreover, when to eat also has a great influence. You should eat meals around the same time each day, and leave about three to five hours apart between meals. If you stick to this plan, you can not only avoid mindless eating but also control your blood sugar and insulin (胰岛素). Last but not the least, remember to avoid blaming yourself for emotional eating. This only heightens emotions, which can increase the drive to eat. Sometimes a mistake can be a chance to learn how to deal with a similar situation in the future. So try to use a gentle self-talk next time. Follow these suggestions from now on! You can eat well even under great stress! SUMMARY Emotional eating means 26 . It can harm our health by lowering energy, disturbing sleep, and weaken immunity. Here is something you can do. First, tell whether you are experiencing 27 . Second, 28 and stick to it. Lastly, try to be kind to yourself. This is because the more you blame yourself, 29 . 【答案】26．eating too much/a lot more than usual under stress/when you experience bad feelings/emotions 27．physical hunger or mental hunger 28．(you should) make a plan for eating 29．the more you want to eat 【解析】本文主要介绍了情绪化进食的概念及其危害，并提供了避免情绪化进食的建议。 26．根据“But emotional eating is different. For example, you may eat a lot more than usual when you fail an important exam.”可知，情绪化进食指在负面情绪下过量进食的行为。故填eating too much/a lot more than usual under stress/when you experience bad feelings/emotions。 27．根据第三段“do a mental check of yourself...it is not your body but your mind that is asking for food”可知，需区分生理饥饿（physical hunger）和心理饥饿（mental hunger）。故填physical hunger or mental hunger。 28．根据第四段“You should eat meals around the same time each day, and leave about three to five hours apart between meals...If you stick to this plan”可知，应制定并坚持规律的进食计划。故填(you should) make a plan for eating。 29．根据第五段“This only heightens emotions, which can increase the drive to eat”可知，自责会加剧进食欲望。故填the more you want to eat。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 22 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $