专题04 中考核心知识点精讲讲练（4）（全国通用）2027年中考英语一轮复习

专题04 中考核心知识点精讲精练（4） 知识讲解 知识点一： sometimes, sometime, some time, some times 1. sometimes 意为 “有时，偶尔”，同义短语有 from time to time 和 at times；可放在句首、句中、句末。 例：我有时候步行去上学。 Sometimes I go to school on foot. 2. some times 意为 “几次，几倍” 例：我去过北京几次。 I have been to Beijing some times. 3. sometime 意为 “某个时候”（指过去或将来不确定的时间） 例：我会在下月的某个时候来看你。 I will visit you sometime next month. 4. some time 意为 “一段时间” 例：我需要一段时间完成我的作业。 I need some time to finish my homework. 知识点二： fun 的用法 1. fun (n.) 意为 “乐趣，玩笑”，不可数名词 常用搭配 (1) 玩得开心 ① have fun (doing sth) ② have a good time (doing sth) ③ enjoy oneself (doing sth) 例：上周我们在公园里放风筝很开心。 ① We had fun flying a kite in the park last week. ② We had a good time flying a kite in the park last week. ③ We enjoyed ourselves flying a kite in the park last week. (2) 为了好玩 for fun (3) 取笑，嘲笑 ① make fun of ② laugh at (4) 做某事很有趣 It’s fun to do sth 2. fun (adj.) 意为 “有趣的，令人愉快的” 3. funny (adj.) 意为 “滑稽的，好笑的，古怪的”（侧重让人发笑，有时带 “怪怪的” 意思） 知识点三： this, that, these, those 的用法 1. this 的用法 (1) this 后加可数名词单数 例：这个动物是一条鱼。 This animal is a fish. (2) this 单独使用指代可数名词单数 例：这是一个新的书包。 This is a new schoolbag. (3) 一般疑问句的答语 —Is this …? —Yes, it is. / No, it isn’t. 例：— 这是你的书吗？—不，它不是。 —Is this your book? —No, it isn’t. (4) this 用来指代近处的人或物 例：这是一本有趣的书。 This is an interesting book. (5) 打电话自我介绍，用 This is … (speaking) 我是…… 例：我是汤姆。（打电话） This is Tom (speaking). (6) 用于当面介绍别人 例：这是我的老师。（当面介绍） This is my teacher. 2. that 的用法 (1) that 后加可数名词单数 例：那是一条狗。 That is a dog. (2) that 单独使用指代可数名词单数 例：那是一支铅笔。 That is a pencil. (3) that 用来指代远处的人或物 例: 我看见那边那棵大树了吗？ Do you see that big tree over there? (4) 一般疑问句的答语 —Is that …? —Yes, it is. / No, it isn’t. 例：—那是你的钢笔吗？ —是的，它是。 —Is that your pen? —Yes, it is. (5) 打电话询问对方是谁：Is that … (speaking)? 不是…… 吗？ 例：你是 Jenny 吗？（打电话） Is that Jenny (speaking)? 3.these 和 those 的用法 (1) these 和 those 后面都加可数名词复数 例：这些书是李明的。 These books are Li Ming’s. (2) 单独使用都指代复数 例：—那些是他的铅笔吗？— 是的，它们是。 —Are those his pencils? —Yes, they are. (3) these 是 this 的复数；those 是 that 的复数 (4) these 指近处的多个人或物；those 指远处的多个人或物 (5) 一般疑问句的答语 —Are these /those …? —Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t. 知识点四： many, much, a lot of, lots of 的用法 1. many 意为 “许多”，后接可数名词复数 2. much意为 “许多” (1) 后接不可数名词 (2) 后接形容词或副词比较级 3. many 和 much 构成的特殊疑问词及相关特殊疑问词 (1) how many 意为 “多少”，后接可数名词复数 (2) how much ① 意为 “多少”，后接不可数名词 ② 意为 “多少钱” (3) how long ① 意为 “多长”，用来提问 “长度” ② 意为 “多长时间”，用来提问 for + 时间段（常用于完成时） (4) how far 意为 “多远”，用来提问距离、路程 (5) how soon 意为 “再过多久，再过多长时间”；用来提问 in + 时间段，常用于一般将来时 (6) how often 意为 “多长时间一次”；用来提问 “频率” 注：“频率” 的组成 ① 时间范围 ② 次数 4. many 和 much 构成的其他短语 (1) too many 意为 “太多”，后接可数名词复数 (2) too much 意为 “太多”，后接不可数名词 (3) much too 意为 “太”，后接形容词或者副词 5. a lot of 和 lots of (1) a lot of = lots of + 可数名词复数和不可数名词 (2) a lot ①意为 “很，非常”，常放在句末。②后加比较级 (3) a lot 意为 “很多”，后面不能加名词，加名词必须有 of 翻译练习： 1. 杯子里有很多水。 There is much /a lot of water in the cup. 2. 许多学生喜欢动物。 Many students love animals. 3. 这个公园比那个大得多。This park is much bigger than that one. 4. 你能看见多少棵树？ How many trees can you see? 5. 你想要多少牛奶？ How much milk do you want? 6. 这个包多少钱？ How much is this bag? 7. 这把尺子有多长？ How long is the ruler? 8.你每天阅读多长时间？ How long do you read every day? 8. 你家离学校有多远？ How far is your home from school? 9. 他再过多久就回来？ How soon will he come back? 10. 你多久种一次树？ How often do you plant trees? 11. 太多塑料袋对地球有害。Too many plastic bags are bad for the earth. 12. 太多垃圾污染这个湖。 Too much waste pollutes the lake. 13. 这个箱子太重。 The box is much too heavy. 14. 许多小鸟住在森林里。 A lot of birds live in the forest. 15. 这项工作需要很多时间。 Lots of time is needed for the work. 16. 我非常喜欢这个故事。 I like this story a lot. 17. 他跑得比我快得多。 He runs a lot faster than me. 知识点五： few, a few, little, a little 的用法 记忆口诀：有 a 还有点，没 a 没有；few 配可数，little 不可数 1. few 意为 “没有”，表示否定含义，后接可数名词复数 例：我几乎没有书。 I have few books. 2. a few 意为 “一些，几个”，表示肯定含义，后接可数名词复数 例：我有几本书。 I have a few books. 3. little意为 “没有”，表示否定含义，后接不可数名词 例：杯子里几乎没有牛奶。 There is little milk in the cup. 4. a little ① 意为 “一点儿”，表示肯定含义，后接不可数名词 例：我想要一点儿水。 I would like /want a little water. ② 意为 “有点儿”，后接形容词或副词，也可以修饰比较级 例：我有点儿渴。 I am a little thirsty. 例：他稍微高一点儿。 He is a little taller. 【巩固练习】 一、单项选择 1. I go hiking with my family ______ in autumn. A. sometime B. sometimes C. some time D. some times 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我秋天有时候和家人去远足。考点：四个 time 词组辨析。sometimes “有时候”；sometime “某个时候”；some time “一段时间”；some times“几次、几倍”。本句表达动作发生的频率，选 sometimes。 2. I will visit my old friend ______ next winter holiday. A. sometime B. sometimes C. some time D. some times 【答案】A 【解析】句意：下个寒假的某个时候我将要拜访我的老朋友。考点：四个 time 词组辨析。sometime 指“将来不确定的某个时间”，符合本句将来时态语境。 3. He stayed in the small village for ______ last summer. A. sometime B. sometimes C. some time D. some times 【答案】C 【解析】句意：去年夏天他在这个小村庄待了一段时间。考点：四个 time 词组辨析。some time 表示 “一段时间”，for 后接时间段。 4. Miss Wang has been to Sanya ______. She loves the beach there. A. sometime B. sometimes C. some time D. some times 【答案】D 【解析】句意：王老师去过三亚好几次，她喜欢那里的沙滩。考点：四个 time 词组辨析。some times 意为 “几次”，本句现在完成时强调去过的次数。 5. We had great ______ when we played games together in the park. A. funny B. fun C. funs D. a fun 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我们在公园一起做游戏的时候玩得很开心。考点：fun 的词性。fun 是“不可数名词”，have fun 玩得开心，无复数，不能加冠词 a。funny 是形容词 “滑稽好笑的”。 6. Don’t make ______ of the disabled people. It is impolite. A. fun B. funny C. funs D. a fun 【答案】A 【解析】句意：不要取笑残疾人，这是不礼貌的。考点：固定搭配 make fun of sb 取笑某人。fun 为不可数名词，固定短语不加 a，不加 s。 7. The story is very ______ and all the students laughed loudly. A. fun B. funny C. a fun D. funs 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这个故事非常滑稽，所有学生都大声笑了。考点：fun 与 funny 辨析。funny 形容词，意为 “滑稽好笑的”；fun 作形容词多用于口语，本句侧重让人发笑，选 funny。 8. —Is this your new notebook? —______. It’s my sister’s. A. Yes, this is B. No, this isn’t C. Yes, it is D. No, it isn’t 【答案】D 【解析】句意：—— 这是你的新笔记本吗？—— 不，它不是。它是我姐姐的。考点：this 一般疑问句回答。Is this…? 回答要用代词“it”，不用 this；根据后文是姐姐的，做否定回答。 9. —Are those your storybooks? —______. I bought them last month. A. Yes, those are B. Yes, they are C. No, those aren’t D. No, they aren’t 【答案】B 【解析】句意：—— 那些是你的故事书吗？—— 是的，它们是。我上个月买的。考点：those 一般疑问句回答。Are those…? 回答用代词“they”，不用 those；根据后文 “上个月买的” 做肯定回答。 10. ______ is my cousin over there. A. This B. That C. These D. Those 【答案】B 【解析】句意：那边那个是我的表弟。考点：this /that 辨析。over there “在那边” 指远处单数人，用 that；this 指近处；these/those 接复数。 11. Hello! ______ is Mike speaking. Who’s ______? A. This; that B. That; this C. These; those D. Those; these 【答案】A 【解析】句意：你好！我是 Mike，你是谁？考点：电话用语。电话自我介绍用 This is…；询问对方身份用 Is that…。 12. There are ______ birds in the tree. A. much B. many C. a lot D. much too 【答案】B 【解析】句意：树上有许多鸟。考点：many/much 辨析。many + 可数名词复数 birds；much + 不可数名词；a lot 后面不能直接接名词；much too + 形容词 / 副词。 13. There is ______ milk left in the fridge. Let’s go to buy some. A. many B. much C. a lot D. lots 【答案】B 【解析】句意：冰箱里还剩下许多牛奶，我们去买一些。考点：many/much 辨析。milk 为不可数名词，用 much 修饰；many 修饰可数复数；a lot/lots 不能直接接名词。 14. ______ people took part in the sports meeting last Friday. A. A lot B. Lots of C. Much D. Much too 【答案】B 【解析】句意：上周五许多人参加了运动会。考点：a lot of /lots of。lots of = a lot of，既可以接可数复数也可以接不可数名词；a lot 不能直接加名词；much 修饰不可数；much too 修饰形容词。 15. The box is ______ heavy for the little kid to carry. A. too many B. too much C. much too D. many too 【答案】C 【解析】句意：这个箱子太重了，小孩子搬不动。考点：much too /too much /too many 辨析。much too + 形容词 / 副词，意为 “太……”；too many + 可数复数；too much + 不可数名词。heavy 是形容词，选 much too。 16. We have ______ time, we must hurry up. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我们几乎没有时间了，我们必须快点。考点：few/a few /little/a little。time 不可数；little 表否定 “几乎没有”；a little 表肯定 “一点”；few/a few 修饰可数名词复数。根据 hurry up “赶紧”，说明时间不多，表否定，选 little。 17. He has ______ good friends here, so he feels lonely. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 【答案】A 【解析】句意：他在这里几乎没有好朋友，所以他感到孤独。考点：few/a few。friends 可数名词复数；few 表否定 “几乎没有”；a few 表肯定 “几个”；lonely 孤独提示否定含义。 18. Don’t worry. We still have ______ apples for everyone. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 【答案】B 【解析】句意：别担心，我们还有几个苹果够大家分。考点：a few。apples 可数复数；a few 表肯定 “还有几个”；few 表否定；little/a little 修饰不可数名词。 19. There is ______ juice in the cup. You can drink it. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 【答案】D 【解析】句意：杯子里还有一点果汁，你可以喝。考点：a little。juice 不可数；a little 表肯定 “一点儿”；little 表否定 “几乎没有”。 20. —______ is the red T‑shirt? —It’s 80 yuan. A. How many B. How much C. How long D. How far 【答案】B 【解析】句意：—— 这件红色 T 恤多少钱？——80 元。考点：how 疑问词组。how much①问不可数名词数量 ②询问价格；how many 问可数数量；how long 问长度 / 时长；how far 问距离。答语是价格，选 how much。 21. —______ do you visit your grandparents? —Twice a month. A. How soon B. How often C. How long D. How far 【答案】B 【解析】句意：—— 你多久看望一次祖父母？—— 一个月两次。考点：how 疑问词组。how often 提问“动作频率”；how soon 对 in + 将来时间段提问；how long 问时长 / 物体长度；how far 问距离。答语 twice a month 是频率。 22. —______ will your father come back? —In three days. A. How often B. How soon C. How long D. How far 【答案】B 【解析】句意：—— 你爸爸还要多久回来？—— 三天之后。考点：how soon。how soon 用于一般将来时，回答用 in + 一段时间。 23. —______ is it from your home to school? —About two kilometres. A. How long B. How far C. How often D. How soon 【答案】B 【解析】句意：—— 从你家到学校有多远？—— 大约两千米。考点：how far，专门询问路程、距离。 24. —______ have you lived in this town? —For five years. A. How soon B. How often C. How long D. How far 【答案】C 【解析】句意：—— 你在这个镇上住多久了？—— 五年了。考点：how long，对 for + 时间段提问，用于现在完成时。 25. This pair of shoes is much ______ than that one. A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheaply D. more cheap 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这双鞋比那双便宜得多。考点：much 修饰比较级。much 可以修饰形容词、副词比较级；cheap 比较级为 cheaper。 26. —Look! ______ are my new books over there. —Wow, they look nice. A. This B. That C. These D. Those 【答案】D 【解析】句意：—— 看！那边那些是我的新书。—— 哇，它们看起来很不错。考点：these/those。over there 远处，books 复数，用 those；these 指近处复数。 27. There are ______ mistakes in his homework, so the teacher is angry. A. too many B. too much C. much too D. many too 【答案】A 【解析】句意：他作业里面有太多错误，所以老师很生气。考点：too many。too many + 可数名词复数 mistakes；too much 接不可数；much too 修饰形容词。 28. There is ______ noise outside. Please close the window. A. too many B. too much C. much too D. many too 【答案】B 【解析】句意：外面噪音太大，请关上窗户。考点：too much。noise 不可数名词，too much + 不可数名词。 29. I enjoy ______ in my free time. A. drawing a lot B. a lot draw C. draw a lot D. a lot drawing 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我空闲的时候非常喜欢画画。考点：a lot 用法；enjoy doing。a lot 作副词短语放在句末，意为 “非常”；enjoy 后接 doing。 30. ______ students in our class like reading English stories. A. Lot of B. A lot of C. Much D. A lot 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我们班很多学生喜欢读英语故事。考点：a lot of = lots of，后接可数名词复数 students；lot of 格式错误；much 修饰不可数；a lot 不能直接接名词。 二、语法填空 1. I ______ (sometime) go shopping with my mum on weekends. 【答案】sometimes 【解析】句意：我周末有时候和妈妈去购物。考点：副词 sometimes “有时候”，表示动作频率。 2. We plan to go hiking ______ (sometime) in May. 【答案】sometime 【解析】句意：我们计划五月某个时候去徒步。考点：sometime 将来不确定的某个时间。 3. He waited for ______ (some time) before the bus came. 【答案】some time 【解析】句意：公交车来之前，他等了一段时间。考点：some time 一段时间。 4. I have been to Qingdao ______ (some time). I like the sea. 【答案】some times 【解析】句意：我去过青岛好几次，我喜欢大海。考点：some times 几次。 5. We had great ______ (fun) at the party yesterday. 【答案】fun 【解析】句意：昨天派对上我们玩得很开心。考点：fun 不可数名词，have fun 玩得开心。 6. It’s ______ (fun) to play basketball with friends after school. 【答案】fun 【解析】句意：放学后和朋友打篮球很有趣。考点：固定句型 It’s fun to do sth 做某事很有趣，fun 不可数名词。 7. The little boy told a ______ (fun) story and made us laugh. 【答案】funny 【解析】句意：小男孩讲了一个滑稽的故事，把我们都逗笑了。考点：形容词 funny “滑稽好笑的” 修饰名词 story。 8. Don’t make fun of ______ (that) little boy. 【答案】that 【解析】句意：不要取笑那个小男孩。考点：that 修饰单数名词 boy。 9. —Is ______ (this) your eraser? 【答案】this 【解析】句意：—— 这是你的橡皮吗？考点：this 指代近处单数物品，一般疑问句 Is this…。 10. Hello, this ______ (be) Tom speaking. 【答案】is 【解析】句意：你好，我是 Tom。考点：电话用语 This is … speaking，be 动词用 is。 11. ______ (that) are my old photos on the wall. 【答案】Those 【解析】句意：墙上那些是我的老照片。考点：those 是 that 复数形式，后面接复数名词 photos，句首大写。 12. There ______ (be) many children playing on the playground. 【答案】are 【解析】句意：有许多孩子在操场上玩耍。考点：many + 可数复数 children；there be 句型复数用 are。 13. There isn’t ______ (many) water in the bottle. 【答案】much 【解析】句意：瓶子里面没有很多水。考点：water 不可数名词，用 much 修饰；many 修饰可数复数。 14. A lot of news ______ (be) on today’s newspaper. 【答案】is 【解析】句意：今天报纸上有许多新闻。考点：a lot of 可接不可数名词 news；news 形式复数、含义不可数，be 动词用 is。 15. He runs a lot ______ (fast) than his brother. 【答案】faster 【解析】句意：他跑得比他的兄弟快得多。考点：a lot 可以修饰副词比较级，fast 比较级 faster；than 提示用比较级。 16. There are too ______ people in the supermarket on weekends. 【答案】many 【解析】句意：周末超市里面人太多。考点：too many + 可数名词复数 people。 17. There is too ______ rain this spring. 【答案】much 【解析】句意：今年春天雨水太多。考点：too much + 不可数名词 rain。 18. The room is much ______ small for five people. 【答案】too 【解析】句意：这个房间对于五个人来说太小了。考点：much too + 形容词原级，much too small “太小”。 19. I have ______ ___________friends here, so I feel lonely. 【答案】few 【解析】句意：我在这里几乎没有朋友，所以我很孤单。考点：few 表否定 “几乎没有”，修饰可数复数 friends。 20. There are ______ _________oranges left. We can eat them. 【答案】a few 【解析】句意：还剩下几个橙子，我们可以吃。考点：a few 表肯定含义 “还有几个”，修饰可数复数 oranges。 21. There is ______ bread at home. Please buy some. 【答案】little 【解析】句意：家里几乎没有面包了，请买一点。考点：little 表否定 “几乎没有” 修饰不可数 bread；后文让去买，提示否定。 22. I have ______ __________ milk. You can have some. 【答案】a little 【解析】句意：我还有一点牛奶，你可以喝点。考点：a little 表肯定 “一点儿” 修饰不可数 milk。 23. —How ______ is the coat? 【答案】much 【解析】句意：—— 这件外套多少钱？考点：how much 可以用于询问物品价格。 24. —How ______ do you go swimming? —Once a week. 【答案】often 【解析】句意：—— 你多久游泳一次？—— 一周一次。考点：how often 提问动作发生的频率。 25. —How ______ will you come back? —In one week. 【答案】soon 【解析】句意：—— 你还要多久回来？—— 一周之后。考点：how soon 对 in + 将来时间段提问。 26. —How ______ is the river? —About 500 kilometres. 【答案】long 【解析】句意：—— 这条河有多长？—— 大约 500 千米。考点：how long 询问物体长度。 27. —How ______ is it from your home to park? 【答案】far 【解析】句意：—— 从你家到公园有多远？考点：how far 询问两地距离。 28. ______ (this) books are for our new classmates. 【答案】These 【解析】句意：这些书是给我们新同学的。考点：these 为 this 复数，修饰复数 books。 【答案】These 29. It’s fun ______ (play) games with my good friends. 【答案】to play 【解析】句意：和好朋友一起玩游戏很有趣。考点：固定句型 It’s fun to do sth，it 作形式主语，后面不定式作真正主语。 30. A lot of ______ (student) enjoy doing sports after class. 【答案】students 【解析】句意：很多学生喜欢课后做运动。考点：a lot of 后接可数名词复数，student 复数 students。 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 我有时候在晚饭后散步。 I ______ ______ a walk after dinner. 【答案】sometimes take 【解析】句意：我有时候在晚饭后散步。考点：sometimes 频度副词；固定搭配 take a walk 散步；本句一般现在时，主语 I 动词原形 take。 2. 去年暑假我在乡下待了一段时间。 I stayed in the countryside for ______ ______ last summer holiday. 【答案】some time 【解析】句意：去年暑假我在乡下待了一段时间。考点：some time “一段时间”，介词 for 后接时间段。 3. 不要取笑别人。 Don’t ______ ______ ______ others. 【答案】make fun of 【解析】句意：不要取笑别人。考点：固定短语 make fun of sb 取笑某人；don’t 后接动词原形。 4. — 那是你的尺子吗？ — 不，它不是。 —Is ______ your ruler? —No, ______ ______. 【答案】that; it isn’t 【解析】句意：—— 那是你的尺子吗？—— 不，它不是。考点：that 指代远处单数物品；Is that…? 否定回答用 it isn’t，不能用 that isn’t。 5. 那边那些树很高。 ______ ______ over there are very tall. 【答案】Those trees 【解析】句意：那边那些树很高。考点：those “那些”，修饰复数名词 trees；over there 表示远处。 6. 杯子里有许多水。 There is ______ ______ water in the cup. 【答案】lots of /a lot of /much 【解析】句意：杯子里有许多水。考点：water 不可数名词；much /a lot of /lots of 都可以修饰不可数名词。 7. 箱子太重，我搬不动。 The box is ______ ______ heavy for me to carry. 【答案】much too 【解析】句意：箱子太重，我搬不动。考点：much too + 形容词原级，意为 “太……”。 8. 我几乎没有空闲时间。 I have ______ ______ free time. 【答案】little 【解析】句意：我几乎没有空闲时间。考点：little 表否定 “几乎没有”，修饰不可数名词 time。 9. 你多久看一次电影？ ______ ______ do you watch a movie? 【答案】How often 【解析】句意：你多久看一次电影？考点：how often，专门提问动作发生的频率。 10. 还有几个座位，我们可以坐下。 There are ______ ______ seats left, we can sit down. 【答案】a few 【解析】句意：还有几个座位，我们可以坐下。考点：a few 表肯定 “几个”，修饰可数名词复数 seats。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 中考核心知识点精讲精练（4） 知识讲解 知识点一： sometimes, sometime, some time, some times 1. sometimes 意为 “___________”，同义短语有 __________________ 和 ________；可放在句首、句中、句末。 例：我有时候步行去上学。 ____________________________________ 2. some times 意为 “___________” 例：我去过北京几次。 ______________________________________ 3. sometime 意为 “________”（指过去或将来不确定的时间） 例：我会在下月的某个时候来看你。 ________________________________________ 4. some time 意为 “________” 例：我需要一段时间完成我的作业。 __________________________________________ 知识点二： fun 的用法 1. fun (n.) 意为 “___________”，________名词 常用搭配 (1) 玩得开心 ① ______________________ ②_______________________________ ③ ___________________________ 例：上周我们在公园里放风筝很开心。 ① ___________________________________________________ ② ____________________________________________________________ ③____________________________________________________________ (2) 为了好玩 ________ (3) 取笑，嘲笑 ① _____________ ② ________ (4) 做某事很有趣 ____________________ 2. fun (adj.) 意为 “___________________” 3. funny (adj.) 意为 “________________________”（侧重让人发笑，有时带 “怪怪的” 意思） 知识点三： this, that, these, those 的用法 1. this 的用法 (1) this 后加可数名词单数 例：这个动物是一条鱼。 _________________________ (2) this 单独使用指代可数名词单数 例：这是一个新的书包。 __________________________ (3) 一般疑问句的答语 —Is this …? —Yes, it is. / No, it isn’t. 例：— 这是你的书吗？—不，它不是。 —Is this your book? —No, it isn’t. (4) this 用来指代近处的人或物 例：这是一本有趣的书。 _______________________________ (5) 打电话自我介绍，用 This is … (speaking) 我是…… 例：我是汤姆。（打电话） __________________________ (6) 用于当面介绍别人 例：这是我的老师。（当面介绍） ____________________ 2. that 的用法 (1) that 后加可数名词单数 例：那是一条狗。 _______________ (2) that 单独使用指代可数名词单数 例：那是一支铅笔。 __________________ (3) that 用来指代远处的人或物 例: 我看见那边那棵大树了吗？ _______________________________________ (4) 一般疑问句的答语 —Is that …? —Yes, it is. / No, it isn’t. 例：—那是你的钢笔吗？ —是的，它是。 —Is that your pen? —Yes, it is. (5) 打电话询问对方是谁：Is that … (speaking)? 不是…… 吗？ 例：你是 Jenny 吗？（打电话） ___________________________ 3.these 和 those 的用法 (1) these 和 those 后面都加可数名词复数 例：这些书是李明的。 _____________________________ (2) 单独使用都指代复数 例：—那些是他的铅笔吗？— 是的，它们是。 —Are those his pencils? —Yes, they are. (3) these 是 this 的复数；those 是 that 的复数 (4) these 指近处的多个人或物；those 指远处的多个人或物 (5) 一般疑问句的答语 —Are these /those …? —Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t. 知识点四： many, much, a lot of, lots of 的用法 1. many 意为 “________”，后接_____________ 2. much意为 “________” (1) 后接___________ (2) 后接形容词或副词________ 3. many 和 much 构成的特殊疑问词及相关特殊疑问词 (1) how many 意为 “多少”，后接可数名词复数 (2) how much ① 意为 “________”，后接________名词 ② 意为 “________” (3) how long ① 意为 “________”，用来提问 “________” ② 意为 “________”，用来提问 _____________（常用于完成时） (4) how far 意为 “________”，用来提问___________ (5) how soon 意为 “________________________”；用来提问 ____________，常用于一般将来时 (6) how often 意为 “_____________”；用来提问 “________” 注：“频率” 的组成 ① 时间范围 ② 次数 4. many 和 much 构成的其他短语 (1) too many 意为 “________”，后接_____________ (2) too much 意为 “________”，后接___________ (3) much too 意为 “________”，后接________或者________ 5. a lot of 和 lots of (1) a lot of = lots of + _____________和___________ (2) a lot ①意为 “________”，常放在________。②后加________ (3) a lot 意为 “________”，后面不能加________，加名词必须有 ________ 翻译练习： 1. 杯子里有很多水。 ______________________________________________ 2. 许多学生喜欢动物。 _____________________________ 3. 这个公园比那个大得多。__________________________________________ 4. 你能看见多少棵树？ _____________________________ 5. 你想要多少牛奶？ ____________________________ 6. 这个包多少钱？ ________________________ 7. 这把尺子有多长？ _________________________ 8.你每天阅读多长时间？ _________________________________? 8. 你家离学校有多远？ ____________________________________ 9. 他再过多久就回来？ ______________________________ 10. 你多久种一次树？ _________________________________ 11. 太多塑料袋对地球有害。________________________________________________ 12. 太多垃圾污染这个湖。 ____________________________________ 13. 这个箱子太重。 ____________________________ 14. 许多小鸟住在森林里。 _____________________________________ 15. 这项工作需要很多时间。 _______________________________________ 16. 我非常喜欢这个故事。 __________________________ 17. 他跑得比我快得多。 _______________________________ 知识点五： few, a few, little, a little 的用法 记忆口诀：有 a 还有点，没 a 没有；few 配可数，little 不可数 1. few 意为 “________”，表示________含义，后接_____________ 例：我几乎没有书。 ___________________ 2. a few 意为 “___________”，表示________含义，后接_____________ 例：我有几本书。 ____________________ 3. little意为 “________”，表示________含义，后接___________ 例：杯子里几乎没有牛奶。 ___________________________________ 4. a little ① 意为 “________”，表示________含义，后接___________ 例：我想要一点儿水。 ______________________________________ ② 意为 “________”，后接________或________，也可以修饰________ 例：我有点儿渴。 _________________________ 例：他稍微高一点儿。 ________________________ 【巩固练习】 一、单项选择 1. I go hiking with my family ______ in autumn. A. sometime B. sometimes C. some time D. some times 2. I will visit my old friend ______ next winter holiday. A. sometime B. sometimes C. some time D. some times 3. He stayed in the small village for ______ last summer. A. sometime B. sometimes C. some time D. some times 4. Miss Wang has been to Sanya ______. She loves the beach there. A. sometime B. sometimes C. some time D. some times 5. We had great ______ when we played games together in the park. A. funny B. fun C. funs D. a fun 6. Don’t make ______ of the disabled people. It is impolite. A. fun B. funny C. funs D. a fun 7. The story is very ______ and all the students laughed loudly. A. fun B. funny C. a fun D. funs 8. —Is this your new notebook? —______. It’s my sister’s. A. Yes, this is B. No, this isn’t C. Yes, it is D. No, it isn’t 9. —Are those your storybooks? —______. I bought them last month. A. Yes, those are B. Yes, they are C. No, those aren’t D. No, they aren’t 10. ______ is my cousin over there. A. This B. That C. These D. Those 11. Hello! ______ is Mike speaking. Who’s ______? A. This; that B. That; this C. These; those D. Those; these 12. There are ______ birds in the tree. A. much B. many C. a lot D. much too 13. There is ______ milk left in the fridge. Let’s go to buy some. A. many B. much C. a lot D. lots 14. ______ people took part in the sports meeting last Friday. A. A lot B. Lots of C. Much D. Much too 15. The box is ______ heavy for the little kid to carry. A. too many B. too much C. much too D. many too 16. We have ______ time, we must hurry up. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 17. He has ______ good friends here, so he feels lonely. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 18. Don’t worry. We still have ______ apples for everyone. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 19. There is ______ juice in the cup. You can drink it. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 20. —______ is the red T‑shirt? —It’s 80 yuan. A. How many B. How much C. How long D. How far 21. —______ do you visit your grandparents? —Twice a month. A. How soon B. How often C. How long D. How far 22. —______ will your father come back? —In three days. A. How often B. How soon C. How long D. How far 23. —______ is it from your home to school? —About two kilometres. A. How long B. How far C. How often D. How soon 24. —______ have you lived in this town? —For five years. A. How soon B. How often C. How long D. How far 25. This pair of shoes is much ______ than that one. A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheaply D. more cheap 26. —Look! ______ are my new books over there. —Wow, they look nice. A. This B. That C. These D. Those 27. There are ______ mistakes in his homework, so the teacher is angry. A. too many B. too much C. much too D. many too 28. There is ______ noise outside. Please close the window. A. too many B. too much C. much too D. many too 29. I enjoy ______ in my free time. A. drawing a lot B. a lot draw C. draw a lot D. a lot drawing 30. ______ students in our class like reading English stories. A. Lot of B. A lot of C. Much D. A lot 二、语法填空 1. I ______ (sometime) go shopping with my mum on weekends. 2. We plan to go hiking ______ (sometime) in May. 3. He waited for ______ (some time) before the bus came. 4. I have been to Qingdao ______ (some time). I like the sea. 5. We had great ______ (fun) at the party yesterday. 6. It’s ______ (fun) to play basketball with friends after school. 7. The little boy told a ______ (fun) story and made us laugh. 8. Don’t make fun of ______ (that) little boy. 9. —Is ______ (this) your eraser? 10. Hello, this ______ (be) Tom speaking. 11. ______ (that) are my old photos on the wall. 12. There ______ (be) many children playing on the playground. 13. There isn’t ______ (many) water in the bottle. 14. A lot of news ______ (be) on today’s newspaper. 15. He runs a lot ______ (fast) than his brother. 16. There are too ______ people in the supermarket on weekends. 17. There is too ______ rain this spring. 18. The room is much ______ small for five people. 19. I have ______ ___________friends here, so I feel lonely. 20. There are ______ _________oranges left. We can eat them. 21. There is ______ bread at home. Please buy some. 22. I have ______ __________ milk. You can have some. 23. —How ______ is the coat? 24. —How ______ do you go swimming? —Once a week. 25. —How ______ will you come back? —In one week. 26. —How ______ is the river? —About 500 kilometres. 27. —How ______ is it from your home to park? 28. ______ (this) books are for our new classmates. 29. It’s fun ______ (play) games with my good friends. 30. A lot of ______ (student) enjoy doing sports after class. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 我有时候在晚饭后散步。 I ______ ______ a walk after dinner. 2. 去年暑假我在乡下待了一段时间。 I stayed in the countryside for ______ ______ last summer holiday. 3. 不要取笑别人。 Don’t ______ ______ ______ others. 4. — 那是你的尺子吗？ — 不，它不是。 —Is ______ your ruler? —No, ______ ______. 5. 那边那些树很高。 ______ ______ over there are very tall. 6. 杯子里有许多水。 There is ______ ______ water in the cup. 7. 箱子太重，我搬不动。 The box is ______ ______ heavy for me to carry. 8. 我几乎没有空闲时间。 I have ______ ______ free time. 9. 你多久看一次电影？ ______ ______ do you watch a movie? 10. 还有几个座位，我们可以坐下。 There are ______ ______ seats left, we can sit down. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $