Unit 1 Science and Scientists 阅读语言点精讲导学案 2026-2027学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第四册

选择性必修四　Unit 1　Science and Scientists

阅读语言点精讲导学案

长句取自 Reading“Satisfaction Guaranteed”，例句与练习用武汉场景。

一、阅读里的四个长句

1. Claire thought it was ridiculous that she was being offered sympathy by a robot.

先找主句：Claire thought …，后面整串都是 thought 的宾语。it was ridiculous 里的 it 是形式主语，真正让克莱尔觉得荒唐的是 that 从句那一整件事，一个机器人来可怜她。

从句用了 was being offered，过去进行时的被动，写的是“那一刻正被同情”。ridiculous 不能换成 strange，strange 只是“怪”，ridiculous 带“可笑、丢人”的味道，正好压住她当时的难堪。

进行时被动 be being done 最容易漏 being，写完自己读一遍。

例句：It is particularly encouraging that more than twenty old shikumen houses along the former concession area in Hankou are being carefully restored and turned into community reading rooms.

2. As he was not allowed to accompany her to the shops, he wrote out a list of things that he would need for his work on the house.

As 在这里是“因为”，语气比 because 轻，常放句首。

was not allowed to do 是被动，表示不被允许做某事；accompany sb to sp. 是陪某人去某地。

that 引导定语从句修饰 things，在从句里作 need 的宾语，that/which 都行，甚至可以省。

work on 不是“上班”，是对……下功夫，work on the house 就是收拾、装修这房子。

例句：As e-bikes are strictly prohibited from entering the East Lake Greenway on weekends, thousands of riders park their vehicles at the designated lots at the gate and walk or cycle along the tree-shaded paths.

3. But even though Tony had been so clever, he would have to be rebuilt — you cannot have women falling in love with machines.

even though 是让步，“即便”，比 although 语气重，后面跟的是事实。

would have to be rebuilt 是 would + have to + be done，在当时看来“终究还得被重造”。

have sb doing 是让某人一直做某事；放进 cannot 后面就是“不能容许、绝不能让”。

例句：Even though delivery robots have become a common sight on the Optics Valley campus, the university still cannot have them rolling freely across the main square where thousands of students walk to class every day.

4. It was then that Claire realised that Tony had opened the curtains of the front window.

这是强调句 It was … that …，这里强调时间状语 then。怎么验证？把 It was 和 that 划掉，句子还能读通——Claire realised … then。

时态别错：realised 是过去时，“拉开窗帘”发生在 realised 之前，所以用过去完成时 had opened。

例句：It was at that exact moment, when the last ferry was pulling away from the jetty, that she realised she had left her bag with all her presentation notes on the bench.

二、核心词

词条	必背搭配	例句	词形
appointment n. 预约；委任	make/have an appointment with sb；keep/break an appointment；appoint sb (as/to be) sth	After months of failed attempts to get a slot online, he finally made an appointment with a specialist at Tongji Hospital, who suggested a comprehensive check-up before deciding on surgery.	appoint v.；appointed adj. 约定的
declare vt. 宣布；宣称	declare war on；declare for/against；declare sth (to be) sth	The municipal government officially declared the entire old concession district in Hankou a protected cultural area, banning any renovation that would alter the original architectural style.	declaration n.
urge vt. 催促；力劝 n. 冲动	urge sb to do；have an urge to do；urge that … (should) do	Public health officials have been urging residents, especially the elderly with chronic conditions, to get vaccinated before the flu season peaks in mid-December.	urgent adj.；urgency n.
explode vi. 爆炸；激增	explode with anger；explode into laughter/cheers；a population explosion	When the result of the city bid was announced, the crowd gathered at the finish line of the Wuhan Marathon exploded into cheers and applause, with many people waving flags and hugging each other.	explosion n.；explosive adj.
guilty adj. 内疚的；有罪的	be/feel guilty about sth；be guilty of a crime；a sense of guilt	She felt deeply guilty about missing her daughter's primary school graduation ceremony, which she had promised to attend but had to skip because of an emergency surgery at the hospital.	guilt n.；guiltily adv.

superior adj. 更好的；上级的

be superior to（不接 than）；superior status

Regular commuters all agree that the new driverless metro line is far superior to the old bus route in both speed and comfort, especially during the morning rush hour.

superiority n.；反义 inferior

 

容易混的点

urge 后面接 that 从句，从句用 (should) do

要催的是“某事该被做”而不是人时，urge sb to do 就用不上，只能用 that 从句。

The research team leader strongly urged that all water samples collected from different spots in East Lake (should) be tested again at the central laboratory before any final conclusion was drawn.

superior 后面接 to，没有 than，也不能加 more

superior、inferior、senior、junior、prior 这五个词都接 to，本身已经含比较意味。

The newly-built city library, which occupies an area twice the size of the old one, is clearly superior to its predecessor in both reading space and natural lighting.

三、常考词块

science fiction	科幻小说	test out	检验，测试
more like	更像是	on a … basis	按……方式／频率
pros and cons	利与弊	superior to	优于
take over	接管，接手	conflict with	与……冲突
turn off	关掉，熄灭	fall away	逐渐消退
have an urge to do	有强烈的欲望做某事	begin one's career	开始职业生涯
look around	环顾四周	draw a deep breath	深吸一口气
the risk of doing	做……的风险	at maximum speed	以最快的速度
explode like a bomb	像炸弹一样爆炸	be stunned	惊呆

 

四、练习

（一）根据汉语提示填词

每空一词，注意词形。

1. I have an urgent __________ (预约) with a specialist at Wuhan Union Hospital at nine tomorrow morning, which I booked three weeks in advance.

2. The city officially __________ (宣布) the 100-kilometre East Lake Greenway open to the public in December 2016, drawing thousands of cyclists and runners on its first day.

3. Community doctors have been __________ (力劝) elderly residents living alone to get vaccinated early, warning that the flu season this year could be more severe than usual.

4. The number of new energy vehicles on the streets of Wuhan has __________ (激增) in the past five years, as the city has built more charging stations and offered purchase subsidies.

5. She felt terribly __________ (内疚的) about missing her only daughter's wedding, which she had to skip because of a sudden emergency operation at the hospital where she works.