Unit 4 Sharing 阅读语言点精讲导学案 2026-2027学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第四册

选择性必修四　Unit 4　Sharing

阅读语言点精讲导学案

长句出自 Reading“A Letter Home”，仿写句用武汉场景。

一、阅读里的四个长句

1. It takes me only a few minutes to walk to school down a dusty track covered in weeds.

it 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式，take 在这里表示“花费（时间）”。down 不是“向下”，而是“沿着……一路走”；track 比 road 窄，多指乡间小路。covered in weeds 是过去分词短语作后置定语，说的是这条小路上长满了草。

仿写：It takes me only ten minutes to walk from my apartment to the metro station, along a narrow lane in old Hankou lined with century-old shops whose wooden signboards have faded with time.

2. Another teacher and I walked for two and a half hours to get there—first, up a mountain from where we had fantastic views, and then down a shaded path to the valley below.

句子主干是 Another teacher and I walked，其余都是状语。to get there 表目的，first … and then … 两个表示方位的介词短语并列。

from where：“介词 + 关系副词”引导的定语从句，先行词是 a mountain，指的是山上那个位置，所以意思是“从那里”，不是“从哪里”。

仿写：We walked nearly an hour to the abandoned old wharf—first up a steep slope covered with wild grass to the riverside highway, from where both the Yangtze River Bridge and the incoming ferry were in full view, and then down a winding path shaded by tall trees to the muddy bank.

3. Tombe's father, Mukap, a man with a strong jaw and a wrinkled forehead, led us to his house, a low, round bamboo hut with no windows, with a door just big enough to get through, and with grass sticking out of the roof—this shows it is a man's house.

主干是 Tombe's father led us to his house。Mukap 和后面的 a man with a strong jaw and a wrinkled forehead 是同位语，指同一个人；his house 后面 a low, round bamboo hut… 也是同位语，说明这所房子是什么样子。

hut 后面三个 with 短语形式相近，结构并不相同。with no windows 后面只有名词、没有补足语，是普通的介词短语作后置定语，说明房子没有窗；后面两个才是 with 复合结构：with a door just big enough to get through 是 with + 宾语 + 形容词短语，补足语说明门的大小；with grass sticking out of the roof 是 with + 宾语 + 现在分词，草自己伸出来，用主动形式。判断只看一条：with 后面除了名词，还有没有说明这个名词状态或动作的成分。enough 修饰形容词要后置，后面的不定式表结果。

仿写：My grandfather, a man with a strong jaw and a deeply wrinkled forehead, who has spent his whole life along the Yangtze, still lives in a low brick house in Hanyang, with a narrow wooden door, and with green vines growing wildly over the weathered grey wall.

4. The other day I was showing the boys a chemistry experiment when, before I knew it, the mixture was bubbling out of the test tube spilling everywhere!

be doing … when … 表示“正在做某事，这时突然……”。when 在这里是并列连词，不引导时间状语从句。

before I knew it 是插入语，意思是“还没等我反应过来”。spilling everywhere 是现在分词作结果状语。

仿写：The other day I was helping out at the community canteen, preparing lunch boxes for the elderly residents, when, before I knew it, the queue of people waiting for free meals had grown all the way to the street corner.

二、核心词

词条	必背搭配	例句	词形
parcel n. 包裹 vt. 打包	a parcel of；parcel sth up	Residents living along the construction route complained that parcels delivered by online shopping platforms were often left unattended on dusty doorsteps, where they were exposed to wind and rain.	—
dusty adj. 布满灰尘的	a dusty road；be covered in dust	Driving along the newly-built highway, we could see stretches of abandoned farmland, whose soil had been rendered dusty and infertile by years of drought and overgrazing.	dust n.
shade n. 阴凉处 vt. 遮挡	in the shade of；provide shade for	What impresses visitors most about Jiqing Street is not its fancy snacks, but the plane trees lining both sides, whose dense canopy provides cool shade for pedestrians escaping the summer heat.	shady adj.
wrinkle n. 皱纹 vt. 使起皱	be covered with wrinkles；wrinkle one's nose at	Grandma, whose face was deeply wrinkled by decades of hard work in the fields, wrinkled her nose at the smell of the strong medicine, shaking her head in refusal.	wrinkled adj.
deserve vt. 值得；应得	deserve to do；deserve doing / to be done	The community volunteers, who have devoted nearly a decade to helping	deserving adj.

		left-behind children in remote mountain villages, deserve every bit of recognition they have received.
contract vt. 感染；签订 n. 合同	contract a disease；sign a contract with	Having signed a long-term contract with the organic farm nearby, the neighbourhood canteen can provide residents with fresh vegetables at prices 20 percent lower than those in supermarkets.	contractor n.

 

容易混的点

shade 的三种用法

in the shade 是“在阴凉处”；put sb/sth in the shade 引申为“使相形见绌”；shade into sth 指颜色“逐渐变成”。

The newly-opened glass skywalk overlooking the entire East Lake puts every previous scenic spot in the area in the shade, attracting thousands of visitors every weekend.

deserve 怎么用

deserve 后面可以直接接名词，也可以接 to do。接动名词时是主动形式表被动，deserve doing 等于 deserve to be done；没有 deserve being done 这种说法。

The century-old theatre, whose unique architectural style has witnessed the city's ups and downs, certainly deserves to be preserved, though restoring it to its original glory will cost a fortune.

三、常考词块

adapt to the conditions	适应这些条件	the most challenging subject	最有挑战性的科目
one's muscles aching	肌肉酸痛	drag oneself along	拖着身子走
be made of bamboo	用竹子搭成	with clay floors and roofs of grass	黏土地面、茅草屋顶
a remote village	一个偏远的村庄	grass sticking out of the roof	草从屋顶伸出来
the only possessions	仅有的家当	a dusty track covered in weeds	杂草丛生、尘土飞扬的小路
a shaded path	一条背阴的小路	a chorus of “good morning”	齐声喊“早上好”
a strong jaw and a wrinkled forehead	下巴结实，额头有皱纹	shake hands with sb	与某人握手
I've been dying to do sth	我一直渴望做某事	a privilege to do sth	做某事是种荣幸
make a difference	产生影响	to be honest	老实说

 

四、练习

（一）根据汉语提示填词