专题03 阅读填表-【题型易-必考题型】2026-2027学年八年级上册英语第五单元测试题型特训（译林版·南京专用）

考前特训 专题03 阅读填表 第五单元测试题型特训（南京专用） 姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________ 内容提要 题型分析 解题指导 集中突破 一、题型定位 “阅读填表”（任务型阅读）是阅读理解与词汇运用的交叉题型：读一篇 136–361 词的短文，根据内容在摘要表格的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。它既考查信息检索能力（找得到答案），又考查词形转换能力（填对形式），是南京卷的特色题型。 二、命题形式与题量 以“短文＋摘要表格”的形式呈现，表格通常 2 栏（信息类别——具体内容）或 3 栏，每篇设 10 个空；本次特训共 6 篇、60 题，正文词数在 136–361 词之间（最短一篇 136 词，最长一篇 361 词）。 要求“每空一词”，答案必须是单词（不填短语），且形式（单复数、时态、词性）须与表格语法结构匹配。 三、核心考点分布（基于本次特训 60 题梳理） 通过逐题梳理本次特训的 60 道题，考点集中在以下七类： （1）词形转换题（24 题，约 40%）：根据表格语法结构转换词性（名词↔形容词↔副词↔动名词），是最主要的考点。如 Passage 1 题 9 填“lively”（live 加 -ly 变来的形容词），Passage 3 题 3 填“weight”（名词，与 Size 并列）。 （2）固定搭配与介词短语（10 题，约 17%）：介词搭配和固定短语不可替换。如 Passage 4 题 1 填“around/across”（分布遍及），Passage 4 题 2 填“with”（具有…特征）。 （3）上下文信息提取题（12 题，约 20%）：答案在原文中出现，需定位后提取。如 Passage 2 题 6 填“eggs”（蚁后产卵），Passage 5 题 1 填“think”（误以为是猪）。 （4）否定前缀与反义词题（3 题，约 5%）：用否定前缀或反义词表达“不/非”。如 Passage 3 题 8 填“different”（与众不同的），Passage 5 题 9 填“nothing”（不在意=不在乎任何事）。 （5）数字与数量表达题（3 题，约 5%）：数字的英文表达或阿拉伯数字。如 Passage 2 题 3 填“18/eighteen”（6条腿×3关节），Passage 3 题 4 填“20/twenty”（蜂鸟体长20厘米）。 （6）动名词与非谓语题（5 题，约 8%）：介词或动词后接动名词，或动名词作主语。如 Passage 3 题 7 填“moving/beating”（be good at doing），Passage 2 题 8 填“eating”（like doing 结构）。 （7）主题词与栏目标题题（3 题，约 5%）：填写表格栏目标题或主题词。如 Passage 2 题 1 填“Ant”（全文主题），Passage 3 题 1 填“Living”（Living area）。 四、难度与趋势 整体难度中上：文章题材多样（蓝鲸、蚂蚁、蜂鸟、鸵鸟、水豚、美洲鹤），信息密度大，表格将长文压缩为要点。真正的难点在“找到了但填不对”——词形转换错误（单复数、时态、词性不匹配）是失分主因。近年南京卷阅读填表呈现两个趋势：一是词形转换比例上升（超过40%）；二是表格从 2 栏向 3 栏过渡，信息分类更细。 一、四步解题法 第一步　先看表格结构，预测答案形式。读表头和栏目标题，判断每个空需要填什么词性（名词？形容词？动名词？数字？），做到“心中有形”。 第二步　定位原文，找信息句。用表格中的关键词（人名、地名、数字、特殊词）在原文中快速定位，找到相关句子后精读。 第三步　提取关键词，转换词形。从原文中提取答案词，根据表格语法结构转换词性（名词→形容词加-y/-ful，动词→动名词加-ing，等）。注意单复数和时态。 第四步　代入复查，确保语法通顺。把答案代入表格读一遍，确保每空一词、语法正确、语意通顺。特别注意“每空一词”的限制。 二、结合本次特训题目的实战点拨 【点拨1】词形转换看表格结构——以 Passage 1 题 9 为例：表格最后一行（Post-death role）讲鲸鱼死后对海洋生态的作用，空位在 a 与 ecosystem 之间，只能填一个形容词。原文写道“it helps to create a lively and healthy ecosystem”，表格已给出 and healthy，与之并列的 lively 即为答案。提醒：先看空位需要什么词性，再定填一个词还是几个词。 【点拨2】固定搭配与介词——以 Passage 4 题 1 为例：表格该栏问“分布范围”。原文写道“The ostrich is found in nature in Africa, but it is raised all over the world”，表示“遍布”用 around 或 across，故填 around/across。提醒：介词和固定搭配不可随意替换，需熟记常见搭配（all over = around/across，be famous for = be known for）。 【点拨3】否定表达与反义词——以 Passage 5 题 9 为例：表格该栏需要“不关心”的表达。原文写道“They are calm and don’t really care about what goes on around them”，“不在乎任何事”= care nothing about 或 don’t care about anything，表格中已有 care about 结构，故填 nothing。提醒：否定表达可用否定前缀（un-/dis-/im-）、反义词（nothing = not anything）或否定结构，要根据表格已有框架选择。 【点拨4】数字表达——以 Passage 3 题 4 为例：表格该栏问体型，第 4 空后紧跟 cm long，问的是体长不是体重。原文写道“The largest is the Giant Hummingbird reaching over 20cm”，故填 20/twenty。提醒：单位已印在空后，别把 cm、grams 写进空里。 【点拨5】动名词与非谓语——以 Passage 3 题 7 为例：表格该栏说“擅长快速拍翅”。原文写道“Hummingbirds are well known for their ability to move their wings fast”，空处是 be good at 后的动名词，故填 moving/beating。提醒：介词后必须接动名词（doing），动名词也可作主语和表语。 【点拨6】上下文信息提取——以 Passage 2 题 6 为例：表格该栏问“蚁后的职责”。原文写道“The queen’s job is to lay eggs and worker ants look after queens”，直接提取 eggs，故填 eggs。提醒：信息提取题先定位关键词（queen, lay），答案就在附近句中；提取后注意词形（单复数）。 【点拨7】主题词与栏目标题——以 Passage 2 题 1 为例：表格标题栏需要填文章主题词。原文首句“Like all insects, ants have six legs”点明全文主题是蚂蚁，故填 Ant。提醒：主题词通常在首句或末句，填入后要能概括全文内容；注意大小写（标题首字母大写）。 三、易错提醒 词形不匹配——填了原文原词但词性不对（表格要名词你填了动词），必须先看表格结构再提取。 单复数错误——表格主语是复数但填了单数名词（或反之），代入时数一数主谓一致。 多填或少填——“每空一词”的限制常被忽略，填了短语或两个词直接扣分。 忽略表格逻辑——表格栏目之间有并列/递进关系，填入的词要与同栏其他行的词性/结构一致。 数字格式——阿拉伯数字与英文单词均可，但单位（cm、grams）已印在空后，不要再写进空里。 Passage 1 The Blue Whale The blue whale is the largest and heaviest animal on earth. It can weigh as much as 200 tons. Many people like watching blue whales swim, and they think it is one of the most beautiful sights to see. Blue whales live in all oceans except the Arctic Ocean. They eat a lot, but they eat some of the tiniest animals in the ocean. A blue whale can eat around four tons of these a day. Blue whales can live up to 90 years. When a whale dies at sea, it becomes food for many of the animals living in and around the sea. This food lasts for over a year and it helps to create a lively and healthy ecosystem. Blue whales play an important role in our world, so we must protect them. The facts of blue whales Identity the 1 and heaviest animal on 2 Weight can weigh as much as 3 tons Oceans live in all oceans except the 4 Ocean Prey (捕食) some of the 5 animals in the ocean Daily intake can eat around 6 tons Maximum years can live up to 7 years Post-death role become 8 for sea-living creatures. help create a 9 and healthy ecosystem Human action We must 10 them. Passage 2 Like all insects(昆虫), ants have six legs. Each leg has three joints. The legs of ants are so strong that they can run very quickly. An ant has two eyes. Each eye is made of many smaller eyes. An ant has two stomachs. One stomach keeps the food for itself and the other keeps food for other ants. Like all insects, the outside of their body is hard. Each ant has at least one or more queens. The queen’s job is to lay eggs and worker ants look after queens. Worker ants look after the young, protect(保护) the nest(巢穴) from unwanted visitors and look for food. At night, worker ants move the eggs and baby ants deep into the nest, and protect them from the cold. During the daytime, worker ants move them to the top of the nest to keep them warmer. Some worker ants have to take the rubbish out from the nest. Many people don’t like ants. To stop them coming into the kitchen(厨房), people put some sugar outside. Ants have so much to eat that they are not interested in coming into the kitchen. Title 1 Looks of ants An ant has 2 legs and 3 joints. It 4 two big eyes and two stomachs. The outside of its body is 5 . Life of ants The queen’s job is to lay 6 and 7 ants do other things for the group. Hobbies of ants Like 8 sugar. People give 9 sugar outside the kitchen to 10 them coming in. Passage 3 Hummingbirds (蜂鸟) are one of the smallest birds in the world. They are found only in America. They are called hummingbirds because they make a humming noise when they fly. They make this noise because they beat their wings so fast. Hummingbirds are well known for their ability to move their wings fast. They can move their wings up to 70 times in a second. Most of them are 7.5-13 cm long. The Bee Hummingbird is the smallest at just 5 cm. The largest is the Giant Hummingbird reaching over 20cm. Most hummingbirds weigh less than 4 grams. They eat mostly nectar (花蜜), and they also eat insects. They need to eat at least half their body weight of food each day. No other bird on Earth can fly like a hummingbird. They can move their wings in a circle (圆圈), so they can fly forwards, backwards, up, down, sideways and hover (盘旋) in mid air. This type of flying can be quite an exercise. That’s why hummingbirds eat a lot of food each day. Hummingbirds have no sense of smell but have very good eyesight. They can see and hear better than humans. They find their food through bright colours. They like red flowers. They are often seen flying near small flowers because they can’t reach deep in larger flowers. They can visit over a thousand flowers every day. Some facts about hummingbirds 1 area Hummingbirds can be found only in America. Name Hummingbirds get their name because of the humming sound their 2 make when they fly. Size and 3 Hummingbirds are usually 7.5-13 cm long. The smallest ones are 5 cm long and the largest ones can be over 4 cm long. They weigh less than 4 grams. Food They mostly live on nectar and 5 . They need to eat at least 6 their body weight of food each day. Ability They are good at 7 their wings fast. Their way of flying is 8 from that of other birds on Earth. They can fly forwards, backwards, up, down, sideways and hover in mid air. They have good eyesight and a good sense of 9 . They find their food through bright colours. They often look for food around 10 red flowers. Passage 4 The ostrich (鸵鸟) is the largest bird in the world. The ostrich is found in nature in Africa, but it is raised all over the world for its meat. The ostrich is a unique (独特的) looking animal. It has long skinny legs, a big body with small wings, a long neck, and a dangerous long beak (喙). Even though it has wings, it can’t fly. But they aren’t completely useless either. They help a lot with balance when the ostrich is running at full speed and needs to change directions. The ostrich usually weighs between 200 and 300 pounds and can grow to 9 feet tall. Its large body is covered with feathers. The ostrich is famous for its speed on the ground. Its powerful legs allow it to reach speeds of 40 miles per hour! Ostriches can also use their strong legs to kick any enemy or even kill a human or a lion. However, in most cases the ostrich just uses its speed to run away from any danger. Ostriches eat whatever they can find. This includes plants, insects, and small animals like lizards. They often live in groups. A group will have around ten birds, but some groups even have 100 birds. This way the whole group can help to protect the eggs. Ostrich eggs are the biggest eggs of any animal at an average of 3 pounds. Ostriches don’t actually put their head in the ground as many cartoons like to show. What they really do is to lie down and put their head and neck flat on the ground to hide. From a distance all you can see is their body, so it appears as if they have put their head in a hole in the ground. Ostriches can not only kick with powerful feet, but they are also armed with 4-inch-long claws (爪) on their feet． The ostrich Living places Be found in Africa in nature and raised 1 the world. Looks It has long legs, a big body 2 small wings, a long neck, and a long beak. Its wings help a lot with balance while 3 at full speed. The ostrich is a big bird that is about 9 feet in 4 . Abilities The ostrich is 5 to kill its enemies with its strong legs. Its high speed can help it run away quickly , keeping 6 safe. Food and qualities The ostrich lives on a lot of things, 7 plants, insects, and small animals. Ostriches live in 8 to protect their eggs. Fun facts The ostrich hides itself by 9 down and putting its head and neck flat on the ground. The ostrich has powerful 10 with 4-inch-long claws. Passage 5 Have you ever seen capybaras (水豚)? They were thought to be a kind of pig in the past, but now we know that they are the largest rodents (啮齿动物) on the earth. Guess what? They are new stars on social media now! Seeing them in the wild, you might be surprised at first because they look like giant guinea pigs, which are in fact one of their closest relatives. Capybaras’ bodies are covered in reddish-brown fur. When swimming around, thanks to their small eyes, noses and hairless ears which are high on their heads, they’re able to see the above-water things around them. That’s why they can protect themselves from danger easily. A capybara weighs around 50 kilograms and it can grow to 1.5 meters in length. Female capybaras are usually a little heavier than the males. Most of them live in South America and like to stay in comfortable places with lots of water. Pantanal, the world’s largest freshwater wetland, is a perfect place for them to live. Capybaras usually eat grass. But they sometimes eat their own poop (排泄物) because it is helpful for them to get all the things they need. Capybaras are good swimmers and love to play with water. They usually live in groups of 10 to 20 (and up to 100 during the dry season). They also like chatting with each other very much. They express themselves by making different kinds of sounds, including purring, barking, whistling, cackling and grunting. Each sound has an important meaning, from warning the group of danger to sending signals of leaving. It’s like a capybara language. With good personalities, capybaras have become increasingly popular on social media. They get along with almost all the other animals and share their homes with birds and turtles, just like a big animal family living together peacefully. They are calm and don’t really care about what goes on around them. Other animals can do whatever they feel like if they don’t hurt the capybaras. But if capybaras are aware of a risk, they may attack others to protect themselves. Social media’s new stars—Capybaras Introduction People used to 1 capybaras were a kind of pig, but now we know they are the largest rodents on the earth. 2 Capybaras look 3 to giant guinea pigs which are their closest relatives. Covered with reddish-brown fur, the male capybaras are not usually as 4 as the female ones. Living conditions & food Most of them can be 5 in comfortable places with lots of water in South America. They live mainly on grass, while eating their own poop is of some 6 . Abilities Capybaras are good at 7 and like chatting. They 8 in their own way, which is like a capybara language. Personalities They are friendly, calm, and care 9 about what goes on around them. They will take action when 10 a risk. Passage 6 The whooping crane is one of the most amazing birds in North America. As the tallest bird on this continent, it can grow up to 5 feet tall, with a wingspan of 2 to 2.3 meters. At first sight, you will be attracted by its beautiful look. Adult whooping cranes have pure white feathers, and their black wing tips can only be seen when they fly. They also have bright red bare skin on their heads, which makes them easy to tell apart from other birds. What’s for Dinner Whooping cranes love to live in wetlands and open marshes. They are not fussy (挑食的) eaters at all. Their menu includes small fish, insects, shellfish, grains and water plants. When looking for food, they walk slowly in shallow water and peck their prey skillfully with their long, pointed beaks. Call of the Wild These birds are famous for their loud “whooping” calls. These calls are not just for fun. They use loud cries to warn their partners of danger and to talk with each other during the breeding season. To attract a mate, they do a special dance too. They flap their wings hard, nod their heads quickly and jump up and down happily, which looks quite lively. Saving the Whooping Crane Whooping cranes have a hard life when they are young. Their parents take turns to look after them and feed them small frogs, mice and insects. Usually, only one baby crane can survive each year because of natural enemies like foxes and eagles that hunt eggs and young birds. When they grow up, most of them need to migrate thousands of kilometers every year. Some fly from Florida to Wisconsin, while others travel between Texas and Canada. But years ago, a big problem appeared. When scientists moved some whooping cranes to Florida, the birds didn’t know how to fly back north. To solve this problem, scientists came up with a clever idea. They let young cranes follow a light airplane. This way, the cranes learned the migration route from Florida to Wisconsin successfully. After that, when these cranes had their own babies, they could lead their little ones on the journey too. The Magic Whooping Crane 1 area A whooping crane is from North America. Looks Whooping crane can be five feet in 2 . Their bright red bare skin on their heads makes them 3 from other birds. What’s for dinner They eat many things, 4 small fish, insects, shellfish, grains and water plants. Call of the wild They send warnings to their partners by crying 5 . To catch a mate’s eyes, they do a 6 dance. 7 the whooping crane Whooping cranes have a hard life when they are young. Only one baby crane stays 8 each year because of terrible living conditions. Scientists moved one group of cranes to Florida, but they 9 to fly back. Later, people made efforts to save whooping cranes and used a plane to 10 the younger birds from Florida to Wisconsin. This way, the cranes learned the migration route from Florida to Wisconsin successfully. 18 / 18乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $考前特训 专题03 阅读填表 第五单元测试题型特训（南京专用） 姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________ 内容提要 题型分析 解题指导 集中突破 一、题型定位 “阅读填表”（任务型阅读）是阅读理解与词汇运用的交叉题型：读一篇 136–361 词的短文，根据内容在摘要表格的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。它既考查信息检索能力（找得到答案），又考查词形转换能力（填对形式），是南京卷的特色题型。 二、命题形式与题量 以“短文＋摘要表格”的形式呈现，表格通常 2 栏（信息类别——具体内容）或 3 栏，每篇设 10 个空；本次特训共 6 篇、60 题，正文词数在 136–361 词之间（最短一篇 136 词，最长一篇 361 词）。 要求“每空一词”，答案必须是单词（不填短语），且形式（单复数、时态、词性）须与表格语法结构匹配。 三、核心考点分布（基于本次特训 60 题梳理） 通过逐题梳理本次特训的 60 道题，考点集中在以下七类： （1）词形转换题（24 题，约 40%）：根据表格语法结构转换词性（名词↔形容词↔副词↔动名词），是最主要的考点。如 Passage 1 题 9 填“lively”（live 加 -ly 变来的形容词），Passage 3 题 3 填“weight”（名词，与 Size 并列）。 （2）固定搭配与介词短语（10 题，约 17%）：介词搭配和固定短语不可替换。如 Passage 4 题 1 填“around/across”（分布遍及），Passage 4 题 2 填“with”（具有…特征）。 （3）上下文信息提取题（12 题，约 20%）：答案在原文中出现，需定位后提取。如 Passage 2 题 6 填“eggs”（蚁后产卵），Passage 5 题 1 填“think”（误以为是猪）。 （4）否定前缀与反义词题（3 题，约 5%）：用否定前缀或反义词表达“不/非”。如 Passage 3 题 8 填“different”（与众不同的），Passage 5 题 9 填“nothing”（不在意=不在乎任何事）。 （5）数字与数量表达题（3 题，约 5%）：数字的英文表达或阿拉伯数字。如 Passage 2 题 3 填“18/eighteen”（6条腿×3关节），Passage 3 题 4 填“20/twenty”（蜂鸟体长20厘米）。 （6）动名词与非谓语题（5 题，约 8%）：介词或动词后接动名词，或动名词作主语。如 Passage 3 题 7 填“moving/beating”（be good at doing），Passage 2 题 8 填“eating”（like doing 结构）。 （7）主题词与栏目标题题（3 题，约 5%）：填写表格栏目标题或主题词。如 Passage 2 题 1 填“Ant”（全文主题），Passage 3 题 1 填“Living”（Living area）。 四、难度与趋势 整体难度中上：文章题材多样（蓝鲸、蚂蚁、蜂鸟、鸵鸟、水豚、美洲鹤），信息密度大，表格将长文压缩为要点。真正的难点在“找到了但填不对”——词形转换错误（单复数、时态、词性不匹配）是失分主因。近年南京卷阅读填表呈现两个趋势：一是词形转换比例上升（超过40%）；二是表格从 2 栏向 3 栏过渡，信息分类更细。 一、四步解题法 第一步　先看表格结构，预测答案形式。读表头和栏目标题，判断每个空需要填什么词性（名词？形容词？动名词？数字？），做到“心中有形”。 第二步　定位原文，找信息句。用表格中的关键词（人名、地名、数字、特殊词）在原文中快速定位，找到相关句子后精读。 第三步　提取关键词，转换词形。从原文中提取答案词，根据表格语法结构转换词性（名词→形容词加-y/-ful，动词→动名词加-ing，等）。注意单复数和时态。 第四步　代入复查，确保语法通顺。把答案代入表格读一遍，确保每空一词、语法正确、语意通顺。特别注意“每空一词”的限制。 二、结合本次特训题目的实战点拨 【点拨1】词形转换看表格结构——以 Passage 1 题 9 为例：表格最后一行（Post-death role）讲鲸鱼死后对海洋生态的作用，空位在 a 与 ecosystem 之间，只能填一个形容词。原文写道“it helps to create a lively and healthy ecosystem”，表格已给出 and healthy，与之并列的 lively 即为答案。提醒：先看空位需要什么词性，再定填一个词还是几个词。 【点拨2】固定搭配与介词——以 Passage 4 题 1 为例：表格该栏问“分布范围”。原文写道“The ostrich is found in nature in Africa, but it is raised all over the world”，表示“遍布”用 around 或 across，故填 around/across。提醒：介词和固定搭配不可随意替换，需熟记常见搭配（all over = around/across，be famous for = be known for）。 【点拨3】否定表达与反义词——以 Passage 5 题 9 为例：表格该栏需要“不关心”的表达。原文写道“They are calm and don’t really care about what goes on around them”，“不在乎任何事”= care nothing about 或 don’t care about anything，表格中已有 care about 结构，故填 nothing。提醒：否定表达可用否定前缀（un-/dis-/im-）、反义词（nothing = not anything）或否定结构，要根据表格已有框架选择。 【点拨4】数字表达——以 Passage 3 题 4 为例：表格该栏问体型，第 4 空后紧跟 cm long，问的是体长不是体重。原文写道“The largest is the Giant Hummingbird reaching over 20cm”，故填 20/twenty。提醒：单位已印在空后，别把 cm、grams 写进空里。 【点拨5】动名词与非谓语——以 Passage 3 题 7 为例：表格该栏说“擅长快速拍翅”。原文写道“Hummingbirds are well known for their ability to move their wings fast”，空处是 be good at 后的动名词，故填 moving/beating。提醒：介词后必须接动名词（doing），动名词也可作主语和表语。 【点拨6】上下文信息提取——以 Passage 2 题 6 为例：表格该栏问“蚁后的职责”。原文写道“The queen’s job is to lay eggs and worker ants look after queens”，直接提取 eggs，故填 eggs。提醒：信息提取题先定位关键词（queen, lay），答案就在附近句中；提取后注意词形（单复数）。 【点拨7】主题词与栏目标题——以 Passage 2 题 1 为例：表格标题栏需要填文章主题词。原文首句“Like all insects, ants have six legs”点明全文主题是蚂蚁，故填 Ant。提醒：主题词通常在首句或末句，填入后要能概括全文内容；注意大小写（标题首字母大写）。 三、易错提醒 词形不匹配——填了原文原词但词性不对（表格要名词你填了动词），必须先看表格结构再提取。 单复数错误——表格主语是复数但填了单数名词（或反之），代入时数一数主谓一致。 多填或少填——“每空一词”的限制常被忽略，填了短语或两个词直接扣分。 忽略表格逻辑——表格栏目之间有并列/递进关系，填入的词要与同栏其他行的词性/结构一致。 数字格式——阿拉伯数字与英文单词均可，但单位（cm、grams）已印在空后，不要再写进空里。 Passage 1 The Blue Whale The blue whale is the largest and heaviest animal on earth. It can weigh as much as 200 tons. Many people like watching blue whales swim, and they think it is one of the most beautiful sights to see. Blue whales live in all oceans except the Arctic Ocean. They eat a lot, but they eat some of the tiniest animals in the ocean. A blue whale can eat around four tons of these a day. Blue whales can live up to 90 years. When a whale dies at sea, it becomes food for many of the animals living in and around the sea. This food lasts for over a year and it helps to create a lively and healthy ecosystem. Blue whales play an important role in our world, so we must protect them. The facts of blue whales Identity the 1 and heaviest animal on 2 Weight can weigh as much as 3 tons Oceans live in all oceans except the 4 Ocean Prey (捕食) some of the 5 animals in the ocean Daily intake can eat around 6 tons Maximum years can live up to 7 years Post-death role become 8 for sea-living creatures. help create a 9 and healthy ecosystem Human action We must 10 them. 【答案】 1．largest 2．earth 3．200/two hundred 4．Arctic 5．tiniest 6．4/four 7．90/ninety 8．food 9．lively 10．protect 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了蓝鲸的基本事实，包括其身份地位、体重、栖息地、捕食习惯、寿命以及死后对生态系统的贡献，最后呼吁人类保护蓝鲸。 【详解】1．根据文章“The blue whale is the largest and heaviest animal on earth.”可知，蓝鲸是地球上最大的动物。heaviest意为“最重的”，与之并列的形容词应为largest，意为“最大的”，符合语境。 2．根据文章“The blue whale is the largest and heaviest animal on earth.”可知，此处指在地球上。earth意为“地球”，符合语境。 3．根据文章“It can weigh as much as 200 tons.”可知，蓝鲸的体重可达200吨。因此答案是原文直接信息。 4．根据文章“Blue whales live in all oceans except the Arctic Ocean.”可知，除了北冰洋，蓝鲸生活在所有海洋中。Arctic意为“北极的”，此处指北冰洋，符合语境。 5．根据文章“They eat a lot, but they eat some of the tiniest animals in the ocean.”可知，它们吃的是海洋中最小的动物。tiniest意为“最小的”，符合语境。 6．根据文章“A blue whale can eat around four tons of these a day.”可知，蓝鲸每天大约吃四吨食物。因此答案是原文直接信息。 7．根据文章“Blue whales can live up to 90 years.”可知，蓝鲸最长寿命可达90年。直接提取答案。 8．根据文章“When a whale dies at sea, it becomes food for many of the animals living in and around the sea.”可知，鲸鱼死后会成为其他动物的食物。food意为“食物”，符合语境。 9．根据文章“This food lasts for over a year and it helps to create a lively and healthy ecosystem.”可知，鲸鱼死后留下的食物有助于形成“充满活力而健康的生态系统”。空位夹在不定冠词 a 与名词 ecosystem 之间，只能填一个形容词；表格已给出 and healthy，与它并列的 lively（由 live 加 -ly 构成）即为答案。 10．根据文章“Blue whales play an important role in our world, so we must protect them.”可知，我们必须保护蓝鲸。protect意为“保护”，符合语境。 Passage 2 Like all insects(昆虫), ants have six legs. Each leg has three joints. The legs of ants are so strong that they can run very quickly. An ant has two eyes. Each eye is made of many smaller eyes. An ant has two stomachs. One stomach keeps the food for itself and the other keeps food for other ants. Like all insects, the outside of their body is hard. Each ant has at least one or more queens. The queen’s job is to lay eggs and worker ants look after queens. Worker ants look after the young, protect(保护) the nest(巢穴) from unwanted visitors and look for food. At night, worker ants move the eggs and baby ants deep into the nest, and protect them from the cold. During the daytime, worker ants move them to the top of the nest to keep them warmer. Some worker ants have to take the rubbish out from the nest. Many people don’t like ants. To stop them coming into the kitchen(厨房), people put some sugar outside. Ants have so much to eat that they are not interested in coming into the kitchen. Title 1 Looks of ants An ant has 2 legs and 3 joints. It 4 two big eyes and two stomachs. The outside of its body is 5 . Life of ants The queen’s job is to lay 6 and 7 ants do other things for the group. Hobbies of ants Like 8 sugar. People give 9 sugar outside the kitchen to 10 them coming in. 【答案】 1．Ant 2．6/six 3．18/eighteen 4．has 5．hard 6．eggs 7．worker 8．eating 9．some 10．stop 【导语】本文是一篇科普文章，主要介绍了蚂蚁。 【详解】1．根据“Like all insects(昆虫), ants have six legs.”以及全文内容可知，主要介绍蚂蚁，故填Ant。 2．根据“Like all insects(昆虫), ants have six legs.”可知蚂蚁有6条腿，故填6/six。 3．根据“Like all insects(昆虫), ants have six legs. Each leg has three joints. ”可知蚂蚁有6条腿，每条腿有三个关节。可知一共有18个关节，故填18/eighteen。 4．观察句子，这里缺少谓语动词，根据“An ant has two eyes. Each eye is made of many smaller eyes. An ant has two stomachs.”可知蚂蚁有两个大眼睛和两个胃，故填has。 5．根据“Like all insects, the outside of their body is hard.”可知像所有的昆虫一样，它们的身体外部是坚硬的。故填hard。 6．根据“The queen’s job is to lay eggs and worker ants look after queens. ”可知蚁后的工作是产卵，故填eggs。 7．根据“Worker ants look after the young, protect(保护) the nest(巢穴) from unwanted visitors and look for food. … Some worker ants have to take the rubbish out from the nest.”可知工蚁在团队里做其它的事情，故填worker。 8．根据“To stop them coming into the kitchen(厨房), people put some sugar outside. ”可知蚂蚁喜欢吃糖，like doing sth“喜欢做某事”，故填eating。 9．根据“To stop them coming into the kitchen(厨房), people put some sugar outside. ”可知 人们在外面放了一些糖来阻止他们进入厨房，故填some。 10．根据“To stop them coming into the kitchen(厨房), people put some sugar outside. ”可知 人们在外面放了一些糖来阻止他们进入厨房，stop sb. doing sth“阻止某人做某事”，故填stop。 Passage 3 Hummingbirds (蜂鸟) are one of the smallest birds in the world. They are found only in America. They are called hummingbirds because they make a humming noise when they fly. They make this noise because they beat their wings so fast. Hummingbirds are well known for their ability to move their wings fast. They can move their wings up to 70 times in a second. Most of them are 7.5-13 cm long. The Bee Hummingbird is the smallest at just 5 cm. The largest is the Giant Hummingbird reaching over 20cm. Most hummingbirds weigh less than 4 grams. They eat mostly nectar (花蜜), and they also eat insects. They need to eat at least half their body weight of food each day. No other bird on Earth can fly like a hummingbird. They can move their wings in a circle (圆圈), so they can fly forwards, backwards, up, down, sideways and hover (盘旋) in mid air. This type of flying can be quite an exercise. That’s why hummingbirds eat a lot of food each day. Hummingbirds have no sense of smell but have very good eyesight. They can see and hear better than humans. They find their food through bright colours. They like red flowers. They are often seen flying near small flowers because they can’t reach deep in larger flowers. They can visit over a thousand flowers every day. Some facts about hummingbirds 1 area Hummingbirds can be found only in America. Name Hummingbirds get their name because of the humming sound their 2 make when they fly. Size and 3 Hummingbirds are usually 7.5-13 cm long. The smallest ones are 5 cm long and the largest ones can be over 4 cm long. They weigh less than 4 grams. Food They mostly live on nectar and 5 . They need to eat at least 6 their body weight of food each day. Ability They are good at 7 their wings fast. Their way of flying is 8 from that of other birds on Earth. They can fly forwards, backwards, up, down, sideways and hover in mid air. They have good eyesight and a good sense of 9 . They find their food through bright colours. They often look for food around 10 red flowers. 【答案】 1．Living 2．wings 3．weight 4．20/twenty 5．insects 6．half 7．moving/beating 8．different 9．hearing 10．small 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了蜂鸟的产地、名字由来、体型大小、饮食习惯、飞行能力以及感官特点等事实信息。 【详解】1．第一段第2句“They are found only in America.”表明表格第一列的信息类别为“分布区”，对应短语为“Living area”，因此此处填Living。 2．第二段第1-2句“They are called hummingbirds because they make a humming noise when they fly. They make this noise because they beat their wings so fast.”蜂鸟飞行时发出嗡嗡声是因为翅膀振动，因此此处指它们的“wings”发出声音。 3．第三段第1-3句“Most of them are 7.5-13 cm long. The Bee Hummingbird is the smallest at just 5 cm. The largest is the Giant Hummingbird reaching over 20cm. Most hummingbirds weigh less than 4 grams.”右侧内容介绍了蜂鸟的体长和体重，因此类别为“Size and weight”. 4．第三段第3句“The largest is the Giant Hummingbird reaching over 20cm.”明确提到最大的蜂鸟体长超过20厘米，因此填20/twenty。 5．第三段第4句“They eat mostly nectar, and they also eat insects.”明确提到蜂鸟主要以花蜜和昆虫为食，因此填insects。 6．第三段第5句“They need to eat at least half their body weight of food each day.”说明蜂鸟每天需要摄入至少相当于自身体重一半的食物，因此填half。 7．第二段“They make this noise because they beat their wings so fast. Hummingbirds are well known for their ability to move their wings fast.”表明蜂鸟擅长快速扇动翅膀，“be good at doing sth.”后接动名词，因此填moving/beating。 8．第四段第1句“No other bird on Earth can fly like a hummingbird.”表明蜂鸟的飞行方式与其他鸟类不同，“different from”表示“与……不同”，因此填different。 9．第五段第1-2句“Hummingbirds have no sense of smell but have very good eyesight. They can see and hear better than humans.”表明蜂鸟没有嗅觉，但视力和听力很好，原文提到“hear better than humans”，因此此处指听觉，应填hearing。 10．第五段第4-5句“They like red flowers. They are often seen flying near small flowers because they can’t reach deep in larger flowers.”蜂鸟喜欢红色的小花，因此此处填small，修饰flowers。 Passage 4 The ostrich (鸵鸟) is the largest bird in the world. The ostrich is found in nature in Africa, but it is raised all over the world for its meat. The ostrich is a unique (独特的) looking animal. It has long skinny legs, a big body with small wings, a long neck, and a dangerous long beak (喙). Even though it has wings, it can’t fly. But they aren’t completely useless either. They help a lot with balance when the ostrich is running at full speed and needs to change directions. The ostrich usually weighs between 200 and 300 pounds and can grow to 9 feet tall. Its large body is covered with feathers. The ostrich is famous for its speed on the ground. Its powerful legs allow it to reach speeds of 40 miles per hour! Ostriches can also use their strong legs to kick any enemy or even kill a human or a lion. However, in most cases the ostrich just uses its speed to run away from any danger. Ostriches eat whatever they can find. This includes plants, insects, and small animals like lizards. They often live in groups. A group will have around ten birds, but some groups even have 100 birds. This way the whole group can help to protect the eggs. Ostrich eggs are the biggest eggs of any animal at an average of 3 pounds. Ostriches don’t actually put their head in the ground as many cartoons like to show. What they really do is to lie down and put their head and neck flat on the ground to hide. From a distance all you can see is their body, so it appears as if they have put their head in a hole in the ground. Ostriches can not only kick with powerful feet, but they are also armed with 4-inch-long claws (爪) on their feet． The ostrich Living places Be found in Africa in nature and raised 1 the world. Looks It has long legs, a big body 2 small wings, a long neck, and a long beak. Its wings help a lot with balance while 3 at full speed. The ostrich is a big bird that is about 9 feet in 4 . Abilities The ostrich is 5 to kill its enemies with its strong legs. Its high speed can help it run away quickly , keeping 6 safe. Food and qualities The ostrich lives on a lot of things, 7 plants, insects, and small animals. Ostriches live in 8 to protect their eggs. Fun facts The ostrich hides itself by 9 down and putting its head and neck flat on the ground. The ostrich has powerful 10 with 4-inch-long claws. 【答案】 1．around/across 2．with 3．running 4．height 5．able 6．itself 7．including/like 8．groups 9．lying 10．feet 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了鸵鸟这种世界上体型最大的鸟类，分别从栖息地、外形特征、能力、食性习性以及趣味事实等方面进行了介绍。 【详解】1．定位原文第一段“The ostrich is found in nature in Africa, but it is raised all over the world for its meat.”，all over the world=around/across the world意为“全世界”，因此填around/across。 2．定位原文第二段“It has long skinny legs, a big body with small wings, a long neck, and a dangerous long beak.”，with意为“带有；具有”，因此填with。 3．定位原文第二段“They help a lot with balance when the ostrich is running at full speed and needs to change directions.”，while后接省略结构，主语与run为主动关系，用动名词形式，因此填running。 4．定位原文第二段“The ostrich usually weighs between 200 and 300 pounds and can grow to 9 feet tall.”，in height意为“在高度方面”，因此填height。 5．定位原文第三段“Ostriches can also use their strong legs to kick any enemy or even kill a human or a lion.”，can=be able to意为“能够”，因此填able。 6．定位原文第三段“However, in most cases the ostrich just uses its speed to run away from any danger.”，此处表示保护鸵鸟自身，用反身代词，因此填itself。 7．定位原文第四段“Ostriches eat whatever they can find. This includes plants, insects, and small animals like lizards.”，including/like意为“包括；像”，用于举例，因此填including/like。 8．定位原文第四段“They often live in groups. A group will have around ten birds,but some groups even have 100 birds. This way the whole group can help to protect the eggs.”，live in groups意为“成群生活”，因此填groups。 9．定位原文第四段“What they really do is to lie down and put their head and neck flat on the ground to hide.”，介词by后面接动名词，lie的动名词形式为lying，因此填lying。 10．定位原文最后一句“Ostriches can not only kick with powerful feet, but they are also armed with 4‑inch‑long claws on their feet.”，feet意为“脚”，因此填feet。 Passage 5 Have you ever seen capybaras (水豚)? They were thought to be a kind of pig in the past, but now we know that they are the largest rodents (啮齿动物) on the earth. Guess what? They are new stars on social media now! Seeing them in the wild, you might be surprised at first because they look like giant guinea pigs, which are in fact one of their closest relatives. Capybaras’ bodies are covered in reddish-brown fur. When swimming around, thanks to their small eyes, noses and hairless ears which are high on their heads, they’re able to see the above-water things around them. That’s why they can protect themselves from danger easily. A capybara weighs around 50 kilograms and it can grow to 1.5 meters in length. Female capybaras are usually a little heavier than the males. Most of them live in South America and like to stay in comfortable places with lots of water. Pantanal, the world’s largest freshwater wetland, is a perfect place for them to live. Capybaras usually eat grass. But they sometimes eat their own poop (排泄物) because it is helpful for them to get all the things they need. Capybaras are good swimmers and love to play with water. They usually live in groups of 10 to 20 (and up to 100 during the dry season). They also like chatting with each other very much. They express themselves by making different kinds of sounds, including purring, barking, whistling, cackling and grunting. Each sound has an important meaning, from warning the group of danger to sending signals of leaving. It’s like a capybara language. With good personalities, capybaras have become increasingly popular on social media. They get along with almost all the other animals and share their homes with birds and turtles, just like a big animal family living together peacefully. They are calm and don’t really care about what goes on around them. Other animals can do whatever they feel like if they don’t hurt the capybaras. But if capybaras are aware of a risk, they may attack others to protect themselves. Social media’s new stars—Capybaras Introduction People used to 1 capybaras were a kind of pig, but now we know they are the largest rodents on the earth. 2 Capybaras look 3 to giant guinea pigs which are their closest relatives. Covered with reddish-brown fur, the male capybaras are not usually as 4 as the female ones. Living conditions & food Most of them can be 5 in comfortable places with lots of water in South America. They live mainly on grass, while eating their own poop is of some 6 . Abilities Capybaras are good at 7 and like chatting. They 8 in their own way, which is like a capybara language. Personalities They are friendly, calm, and care 9 about what goes on around them. They will take action when 10 a risk. 【答案】 1．think 2．Looks 3．similar 4．heavy 5．seen 6．help 7．swimming 8．chat/communicate 9．nothing 10．realizing 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要向我们介绍了水豚的生活习性。 【详解】1．根据第一段“They were thought to be a kind of pig in the past, but now we know that they are the largest rodents on the earth.”可知，过去它们被认为是猪的一种，但现在我们知道它们是地球上最大的啮齿动物。故填think。 2．根据第二段及右侧表格内容可知，此空主要介绍的是水豚的外貌。故填Looks。 3．根据第二段“Seeing them in the wild, you might be surprised at first because they look like giant guinea pigs, which are in fact one of their closest relatives.”可知，水豚和豚鼠长得非常像。故填similar。 4．根据第二段最后一句“Female capybaras are usually a little heavier than the males.”可知，雌性水豚通常比雄性水豚重一点。故填heavy。 5．根据第三段“Most of them live in South America and like to stay in comfortable places with lots of water. ”可知，它们大多数生活在南美洲，喜欢待在有很多水的舒适的地方，它们可以在舒适的地方被看到。故填seen。 6．根据第三段“Capybaras usually eat grass. But they sometimes eat their own poop (排泄物) because it is helpful for them to get all the things they need.”可知，水豚通常吃草。但它们有时会吃自己的粪便，因为这有助于它们获得所需的所有东西，它们主要以草为食，吃自己的粪便会有一些帮助。故填help。 7．根据第四段“Capybaras are good swimmers and love to play with water. ”可知，水豚很擅长于游泳。故填swimming。 8．根据第四段“They also like chatting with each other very much. They express themselves by making different kinds of sounds, including purring, barking, whistling, cackling and grunting.”可知，它们也很喜欢互相聊天。它们通过发出不同的声音来表达自己，包括咕噜声、吠叫、口哨、咯咯笑和咕噜声，它们用自己的语言来聊天或交流。故填chat/communicate。 9．根据最后一段“They are calm and don’t really care about what goes on around them.”可知，它们不关心周围的任何事。故填nothing。 10．根据最后一段“But if capybaras are aware of a risk, they may attack others to protect themselves.”可知，当它们意识到危险的时候，它们就会采取行动。故填realizing。 Passage 6 The whooping crane is one of the most amazing birds in North America. As the tallest bird on this continent, it can grow up to 5 feet tall, with a wingspan of 2 to 2.3 meters. At first sight, you will be attracted by its beautiful look. Adult whooping cranes have pure white feathers, and their black wing tips can only be seen when they fly. They also have bright red bare skin on their heads, which makes them easy to tell apart from other birds. What’s for Dinner Whooping cranes love to live in wetlands and open marshes. They are not fussy (挑食的) eaters at all. Their menu includes small fish, insects, shellfish, grains and water plants. When looking for food, they walk slowly in shallow water and peck their prey skillfully with their long, pointed beaks. Call of the Wild These birds are famous for their loud “whooping” calls. These calls are not just for fun. They use loud cries to warn their partners of danger and to talk with each other during the breeding season. To attract a mate, they do a special dance too. They flap their wings hard, nod their heads quickly and jump up and down happily, which looks quite lively. Saving the Whooping Crane Whooping cranes have a hard life when they are young. Their parents take turns to look after them and feed them small frogs, mice and insects. Usually, only one baby crane can survive each year because of natural enemies like foxes and eagles that hunt eggs and young birds. When they grow up, most of them need to migrate thousands of kilometers every year. Some fly from Florida to Wisconsin, while others travel between Texas and Canada. But years ago, a big problem appeared. When scientists moved some whooping cranes to Florida, the birds didn’t know how to fly back north. To solve this problem, scientists came up with a clever idea. They let young cranes follow a light airplane. This way, the cranes learned the migration route from Florida to Wisconsin successfully. After that, when these cranes had their own babies, they could lead their little ones on the journey too. The Magic Whooping Crane 1 area A whooping crane is from North America. Looks Whooping crane can be five feet in 2 . Their bright red bare skin on their heads makes them 3 from other birds. What’s for dinner They eat many things, 4 small fish, insects, shellfish, grains and water plants. Call of the wild They send warnings to their partners by crying 5 . To catch a mate’s eyes, they do a 6 dance. 7 the whooping crane Whooping cranes have a hard life when they are young. Only one baby crane stays 8 each year because of terrible living conditions. Scientists moved one group of cranes to Florida, but they 9 to fly back. Later, people made efforts to save whooping cranes and used a plane to 10 the younger birds from Florida to Wisconsin. This way, the cranes learned the migration route from Florida to Wisconsin successfully. 【答案】 1．Living 2．height 3．different 4．including 5．loudly 6．special 7．Saving 8．alive 9．failed 10．lead 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍北美濒危鸟类美洲鹤的外观、食性、叫声特点，以及其生存挑战与科学家通过引导迁徙路线保护它们的措施。 【详解】1．文中第一段首句“The whooping crane is one of the most amazing birds in North America.”说明其来自北美，此空应填表示“生活”的词语“Living”。 2．文中第一段提到“it can grow up to 5 feet tall”，此处询问身高，且前有“five feet in ______”，应填名词“height”。 3．文中第一段末尾“which makes them easy to tell apart from other birds”，“tell apart”意为“区分”，此处应填“different”，构成“make them different from”结构。 4．文中第三段列出鹤的食物“small fish, insects, shellfish, grains and water plants”，此处表示列举，应填介词“including”。 5．文中第四段提到“They use loud cries to warn their partners”，此处用副词“loudly”修饰“crying”。 6．文中第四段描述求偶舞蹈“they do a special dance too”，此处直接提取“special”。 7．表格左侧第五部分对应文中最后两段关于保护美洲鹤的内容。文中第六段标题为“Saving the Whooping Crane”，此处应填“Saving”。 8．文中第五段提到“only one baby crane can survive each year”，此处表示每年仅有一只幼鹤存活，应填“alive”。 9．文中第六段提到“the birds didn’t know how to fly back north”，此处用“failed to fly back”表示“未能飞回”，应填“failed”。 10．文中第六段提到“They let young cranes follow a light airplane”，科学家用飞机引导幼鹤迁徙，此处应填“lead”。 18 / 18乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $