专题03 六选五-【题型易-必考题型精练】2026-2027学年八年级上册英语期中考 满分冲刺考前梯度特训（译林版·南通专用）

考前特训 专题03 六选五 期中考满分冲刺（南通专用） 姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________ 内容提要 题型分析 解题指导 集中突破 一、题型定位 六选五（补全短文）是南通地区期中卷阅读理解板块的固定题型，属于“选择型语篇填空”：短文中有 5 处空白，文后提供 A—F 共 6 个选项，其中 5 个是正确项、1 个是多余干扰项，考生要根据上下文的逻辑、语义与结构为每处空白选出唯一恰当的选项。 它考的不是“读懂每句话”，而是“看出句子与句子之间靠什么接上”——代词指代、逻辑词、原词复现、问答呼应，这四条线索几乎覆盖了全部设空点；也正因为有 1 个多余项，必须把 5 个空都判断完，才能确认哪一项被排除。 二、命题形式与题量 本次特训共 8 篇短文、40 题：每篇设 5 个空，对应 5 道小题；每篇另附 A—F 共 6 个选项，必有一项多余。语篇词数在 160—252 词之间，按由短到长的顺序梯度排列。 空白位置灵活：可出现在段首（多为总起句或小标题）、段中（承上启下、举例、转折）或段尾（总结、升华）；其中段首设空最考验“这一段到底在讲什么”，段尾设空最考验“全文收在哪里”。 三、核心考点分布（基于本次特训 40 空梳理） 逐篇梳理 8 篇短文、40 处衔接点，考点可归纳为以下七类： （1）段首/段尾主旨句：空白在段首时多为总起句或小标题，在段尾时多为总结句，如 Passage 2 题 1 的总起问句、Passage 3 题 5 的升华句“small acts of kindness can make a big difference”。 （2）代词指代衔接：选项中的 it / they / those / this 必须能在前文找到明确的指代对象，如 Passage 3 题 4 的 it 回指上句的 check、Passage 1 题 4 的 those cards 回指上句的 heart-shaped cards。 （3）逻辑连接词衔接：However / So / Instead / Then / In fact 等词提示句间是转折、因果、并列还是递进，如 Passage 8 题 4 的 But it isn’t always like that.、Passage 7 题 1 的 In fact 引出的反驳。 （4）问答呼应：上文提问、下文作答，或上文设疑、下文解释，如 Passage 1 题 2 的 Did you make it yourself? 与下句 “Yes, Mr Smith.” 一问一答。 （5）词汇复现与同义替换：正确选项常与空前后出现原词、同根词或同义表达，如 Passage 2 题 2 的 difficult / boring 与后文 Do difficult things actively 呼应。 （6）动作与情节链条：记叙文按“做什么—为什么—结果如何”推进，选项必须能接上前后动作，如 Passage 3 题 3 由“写纸条”接到“把支票递给那位妈妈”。 （7）多余项排除：A—F 中总有一项与任何空都不合（话题偏移、语气不符、指代落空），做完 5 空后要用“代入通读”确认被排除的是哪一项。 四、难度与趋势 整体难度中等：文章本身不难，难在“五个空都得对上”。说明文（快乐校园生活、学习技巧、择业建议）重结构与并列，只要抓住段首小标题与序列词，几个空能一次定完；记叙文（Timmy 的拼贴画、火车上的善举）重情节与指代，必须紧跟人物动作与代词。 从本次选材看，南通期中卷的六选五越来越喜欢“首段设总起、段中设转折、末段设升华”的结构，且干扰项往往与正确项“话题相同、指向不同”（如都谈朋友、但一个说数量一个说质量）。做题时先定“这一段讲什么”，再比“哪一句最贴这一段的落点”，比逐词翻译有效得多。 一、四步解题法 第一步：先读选项，给每个选项贴“标签”。把 A—F 各读一遍，用两三个字记下它的功能（总起 / 举例 / 转折 / 总结 / 问句 / 指代），并在心里标出其中的代词与连接词。 第二步：通读全文，抓每段的主旨。先不看选项，快速读一遍短文，弄清每段讲什么、段与段是并列还是递进，这一步决定了段首空该填“总起”还是“承接”。 第三步：逐空定位，找线索词。看空前后各一句，找四类线索：代词（it / they / those）、连接词（However / So / Instead）、原词复现、问答关系；线索对上，答案基本就定了。 第四步：代入通读，排除多余项。5 个空填完后把全文连起来读一遍，检查逻辑是否顺畅、指代是否都有着落，剩下那一项就是多余项；若某处读不通，回退重判。 二、结合本次特训题目的实战点拨 【点拨1】段首总起句——以Passage 2 题 1 为例：原文 “Your schooldays should be the best time in your life.” 之后设空，空后紧接 “The following ways may help you.”，再往下是四个小标题；空处需要一个“总起全文”的问句，故选 E（Do you know how to have a happy school life?）。提示：段首空看它后面是不是“分述”，若是，空处多半是概括全篇的主题句或问句。 【点拨2】小标题与段内呼应——以Passage 2 题 2 为例：该段标题是 “Be active at school.”，空后写道 “Take an interest in school life. Do difficult things actively.”，都在讲“别嫌难、别嫌没意思”，故选 C（Don’t say things are difficult or boring.）。提示：小标题下的空要与本段其余句子“同调”，段内出现 difficult / boring / actively 这类词时，先找与之呼应的选项。 【点拨3】情节承接——以Passage 3 题 2 为例：上文说小女孩讲 “they were on their way to the children’s hospital in the city”，空后写 “Then he got off the train before anyone had a chance to thank him.”，中间需要一个“男士有所行动”的句子，故选 F（Without asking more about it, the man spoke with the girls...）。提示：记叙文的空要能接上前后的动作，看到 Then / After that，就先想“他做了什么”。 【点拨4】动作链条——以Passage 3 题 3 为例：上文写 “the man started writing something on a piece of paper”，空后又写他起身离座，空处正是“纸条变成了什么”，故选 D（He walked over to the girl’s mom and handed her a check...）。提示：先圈出上文的动作（writing），再找选项中能接住这个动作的动词（handed），动作链条一通，答案自明。 【点拨5】代词回指——以Passage 3 题 4 为例：上文 “The mom was puzzled by the check at first.” 中的 check 就是空处 A 项 “As she looked at it, there was a smile of thankfulness.” 里 it 的指代对象——先“困惑”，看了才“感激地笑了”，故选 A。提示：选项开头就是 it / they / this 时，务必回上一句找单复数与话题都对得上的名词。 【点拨6】段尾升华句——以Passage 3 题 5 为例：上文 “The moment left a lasting impression on everyone.” 已经把故事收住，空处需要一个由事及理的升华句，故选 E（It reminded us that small acts of kindness can make a big difference.）。提示：段尾空若前句已是“感受/印象”，空处多半是“道理/启示”，注意与全文主旨同向。 【点拨7】首段总起——以Passage 8 题 1 为例：原文开头说 “Choosing a job” 并不容易却很必要，接着 “Plans for your future job will have a great...” 之后设空，下文是三条并列建议，空处应是“下面给你几条建议”的总起句，故选 D（Here are some suggestions for you.）。提示：看到下文出现 Firstly / Secondly 或几个并列小标题，段首空基本就是“Here are...”类的总起句。 【点拨8】段首主题句——以Passage 8 题 3 为例：该段先设空，其后写道 “people get more satisfaction out of their jobs if they feel they are doing something valuable for others”，并举清洁工为例，说明本段主题是“做有价值的事”，故选 A（Do something of value.）。提示：段首空填完要“罩得住整段”，把选项代入后回读该段其余句子，若都在支撑它就对了。 【点拨9】转折对照——以Passage 8 题 4 为例：上文 “Some lucky people get it on their first try—they choose a job, find they love it and stick at it.” 讲的是“一次就选对”的少数人，空后转而说 “So remember you’re allowed to change your mind!”，可知空处要转出“但并非人人如此”，故选 B（But it isn’t always like that.）。提示：空后出现 So / Therefore 时，空处往往是对上文的转折或让步，注意 But / However 一类信号。 【点拨10】因果与呼应——以Passage 5 题 5 为例：上文说 “As you grow up, you will face many ‘hard’ first steps.”，空后紧接着 “Don’t be afraid or give up easily.”，空处应是由“难”推出“别怕、去求助”的一句，故选 E（So, don’t be afraid to ask your teachers, parents or friends）。提示：空后若是号召句（Don’t... / Let’s...），空处多半是一个 So 引导的承接句，把“原因—号召”连起来。 三、易错提醒 • 先定“段落功能”再选句子：段首重总起、段中重承接、段尾重总结，功能错了，句子再顺也不对。 • 选项里有代词（it / they / those / this）时，必须回上一句找到指代对象，找不到就排除。 • 两个选项意思相近时，比较“话题是否同一、范围是否过大或过小”，多余项往往就藏在其中。 • 别忽略空后的连接词：空后是 So / Therefore，空处多为止步或转折；空后是 For example，空处多为概括句。 • 五个空填完后必须通读一遍，检查全文逻辑与指代，剩下那一项才是多余项。 Passage 1 阅读短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Timmy is a friendly boy. He never gets angry with anyone at school. 1 It was Teachers’ Day. Timmy brought one of his collages (拼贴画) to school and gave it to his teacher Mr Smith. “I never saw a collage like this,” Mr Smith said. “I think it’s the most special gift. 2 ” “Yes, Mr Smith. My classmates think I never get angry,” Timmy said. “ 3 Sometimes I also got angry just because I didn’t get enough sleep or I lost my rubber. Every time I was unhappy, I would cut out some heart-shaped cards. 4 In this way, I became happy again.” “Wow, that’s your secret. I think it’s a useful way,” Mr Smith said. “Well, I hope so. 5 We all love you. But sometimes we may make mistakes (错误) and they may make you unhappy. I wish my collage would get the bad feelings out of your life,” Timmy said. “Thank you, Timmy. I love you too,” Mr Smith said. A．That’s not true. B．Did you make it yourself? C．His classmates think he may have a secret. D．Then I used those cards to make beautiful collages. E．I spend less time playing with my classmates than before. F．Mr Smith, everyone knows you are a hard-working and humorous teacher. 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．F 【导语】本文主要介绍了男孩Timmy待人友善，在学校从不发怒，教师节他将拼贴画送给史密斯老师，并向老师分享自己排解坏情绪的秘密。 【详解】1．前文讲到Timmy性格友善，在学校从不和任何人发火。C项“His classmates think he may have a secret.”承接上文人物特点，为后文揭开秘密做好铺垫。 2．史密斯老师感叹这是一份十分特别的礼物。B项“Did you make it yourself?”是看到礼物后的好奇提问，能够引出Timmy后续的回答。 3．Timmy说到同学们认为他从来不生气。A项“That’s not true.”实现语义转折，引出下文自己其实也会生气的真实情况。 4．文中讲到每当Timmy感到不开心，他就会剪出一些心形卡片。D项“Then I used those cards to make beautiful collages.”承接剪卡片的动作，交代卡片的用途，和后文“In this way, I became happy again.”逻辑连贯。 5．Timmy准备表达内心的祝愿，后文紧接着“We all love you.”。F项“Mr Smith, everyone knows you are a hard‑working and humorous teacher.”是对老师的赞美，与上下文语句顺畅衔接。 Passage 2 Your schooldays should be the best time in your life. 1 The following ways may help you. Be active at school. 2 Take an interest in school life. Do difficult things actively. Put up your hands in class. If you are not working or learning, you are wasting your time at school. Keep healthy. If you don’t eat breakfast, you will be hungry in class. If you don’t have enough sleep, you will be sleepy in class. 3 Exercise can make you strong. 4 Everyone fails some tests, does wrong things and has bad days. Don’t make small problems very serious. Don’t forget to ask for help. You are young, and no one thinks you must do everything quite well. Spend the weekends meaningfully. Don’t waste time lying in bed on weekends. You can do outdoor activities. 5 You can read a book, practise English or help your mother with the housework. Follow our ways, and you will have a happy school life. A．You should play sports every day. B．Do you know how to make friends? C．Don’t say things are difficult or boring. D．Don’t be unhappy if things sometimes go badly. E．Do you know how to have a happy school life? F．If you don’t want to go out, there are also a lot of things to do. 【答案】 1．E 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，围绕如何拥有快乐的学校生活展开，从在学校保持积极、保持健康、以正确心态面对不顺、有意义地度过周末四个方面给出建议。 【详解】1．根据“Your schooldays should be the best time in your life.”和“The following ways may help you.”可知，前文提到学校生活应是人生中最美好的时光，后文引出能提供帮助的方法，此处需提出与“如何拥有快乐的学校生活”相关的问题来衔接上下文，选项E“你知道如何拥有快乐的学校生活吗？”符合语境。故选E。 2．根据“Be active at school.”和“Take an interest in school life. Do difficult things actively.”可知，本段主题是在学校要积极，要对学校生活感兴趣、主动做困难的事，此处应是鼓励积极态度、避免消极表述，选项C“不要说事情很难或很无聊。”符合语境。故选C。 3．根据“Keep healthy.”和“Exercise can make you strong.”可知，本段围绕保持健康展开，后文提到运动的好处，此处应是建议进行运动，选项A“你应该每天做运动。”符合语境。故选A。 4．根据“Everyone fails some tests, does wrong things and has bad days. Don’t make small problems very serious. Don’t forget to ask for help.”可知，本段主要讲面对失败、做错事等不顺心的情况时应有的态度，即不要因事情不顺利而不开心，选项D“如果事情有时进展不顺利，不要不开心。”符合语境，可作为本段主题句。故选D。 5．根据“Spend the weekends meaningfully.”“You can do outdoor activities.”和“You can read a book, practise English or help your mother with the housework.”可知，前文建议周末做户外活动，后文列举了室内可做的事，此处应是过渡，说明不想外出时也有很多事可做，选项F“如果你不想出去，也有很多事情可以做。”符合语境。故选F。 Passage 3 Years ago, I was on a train ride into the city when I noticed a family getting on board. There were two little girls, their mom, and her friend, all of them with big bags. 1 One of the girls sat next to an older gentleman, who started talking with her. As the train ride went on, the little girl said that they were on their way to the children’s hospital in the city, where her sister Hayley was receiving treatment. 2 Towards the end of the ride, the man started writing something on a piece of paper. As the train stopped at his station, he rose and left his seat. 3 Then he got off the train before anyone had a chance to thank him. The mom was puzzled by the check at first. 4 She looked up, hoping to catch the man before he disappeared from view, but he was already gone. The moment left a lasting impression on everyone. 5 It also made many people wonder about the man’s story and what led him to do this for strangers on a train. A．As she looked at it, there was a smile of thankfulness. B．From what it looked like, they were going to be away for several days. C．Their bags took up so much room that some passengers felt uncomfortable. D．He walked over to the girl’s mom and handed her a check, saying, "That’s for Hayley. " E．It reminded us that small acts of kindness can make a big difference in someone’s day. F．Without asking more about it, the man spoke with the girls on and off during the journey. 【答案】 1．B 2．F 3．D 4．A 5．E 【导语】本文讲述作者在火车上目睹一位陌生男士主动帮助带孩子看病的一家人，小小善举打动全车人的暖心故事。 【详解】1．根据“There were two little girls, their mom, and her friend, all of them with big bags.”可知一家人带着大包行李上车，B选项从行李来看他们要外出好几天，承接携带大包的内容。 2．根据“As the train ride went on, the little girl said that they were on their way to the children’s hospital in the city, where her sister Hayley was receiving treatment.”可知女孩讲述此行是带妹妹就医，F选项写这位男士一路上时不时和女孩聊天，没有过多询问相关事宜，贴合两人相邻而坐交谈的情节。 3．根据“Towards the end of the ride, the man started writing something on a piece of paper. As the train stopped at his station, he rose and left his seat.”可知男士下车前在纸上书写，D选项写他走到女孩妈妈面前递支票，说这是给Hayley的，承接写字的动作。 4．根据“The mom was puzzled by the check at first”可知妈妈拿到支票十分疑惑，A选项写她看着支票，脸上露出感激的笑容，承接妈妈端详支票的动作。 5．根据“The moment left a lasting impression on everyone.”可知这件事给所有人留下深刻印象，E选项点明这件事能给他人的一天带来很大的积极影响，升华全文主旨。 Passage 4 Studying is not always the most interesting task within your day, but it is a necessary (必要的) one. Even though (即使) you know it is necessary, you have gotten bored at one time or another while studying. 1 Find a suitable place to study. 2 In this place, there are some things that have nothing to do with studying, such as your mobile phone. Those things will make you feel bored while studying. You could be doing things other than studying. 3 Plan first. List what you need to finish and how long you need to finish it. If you know when you can go back to play sports or talk to your friends, you will be more likely to fix your attention on studies. Mix up your topics. Change up the topics that you are studying. Mix up what you study every half an hour to an hour or so to keep boredom away. For example, study History for 45 minutes, Maths for 45 minutes, and English for 45 minutes. 4 Take notes as you go. Take a notebook out and write down important notes while you are reading an article in a textbook. 5 While you are reading, you learn it once. While you are writing, you learn it again. A．Make a time plan. B．It is a good way to learn something new. C．Here are some tips for you to keep boredom away. D．You had better learn different subjects at the same time. E．Make sure you don’t spend all your time on one subject. F．Make sure you are in a place that can help you focus on your study. 【答案】 1．C 2．F 3．A 4．E 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了几条学习小技巧，帮助同学们摆脱学习枯燥感。 【详解】1．前文提到学习虽然必要，但学习过程中总会感到枯燥；后文开始逐条介绍方法。C选项“Here are some tips for you to keep boredom away.”承接上文，引出下文摆脱枯燥的技巧。 2．本段小标题是Find a suitable place to study，后文说明这个地方不能有手机等干扰学习的物品。F选项“Make sure you are in a place that can help you focus on your study.”与标题及下文“In this place”相呼应，具体说明了地点的要求。 3．空后围绕列出任务、规划用时展开说明。A选项“Make a time plan.”为本段小标题，贴合本段制定计划的内容。 4．本段建议交替学习不同科目以避免无聊，E选项“Make sure you don’t spend all your time on one subject.”是对上文举例的总结和建议，符合逻辑。 5．本段建议边学边记笔记，B选项“It is a good way to learn something new.”是对该行为的评价，与下文解释“读一遍学一遍，写一遍再学一遍”的效果呼应。 Passage 5 阅读以下语篇，从语篇后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 A new term begins, and you have many new books on your desk. How do you feel about learning all these new things? Let’s be honest: many of us are afraid of new things. 1 In a recent speech, Xiaomi’s CEO Lei Jun shared some advice on how to take that first step. When Lei Jun entered university in 1987, he felt “at sea” (困惑的). 2 Because many of them had met similar problems, they were able to offer helpful answers and guidance. Lei’s second tip is to know when to “skip” and come back later. When he started studying computer science, he found his textbook very difficult at first. 3 He also read other related books. A few days later, when he went back to the early chapters (篇章), he found they had become much easier to learn. This method can also help you in English reading. When you read an article, you will surely meet new words. 4 Just keep reading. After you finish the whole article, go back to that part. You will often find it’s easier to guess the meaning. As you grow up, you will face many “hard” first steps. 5 Don’t be afraid or give up easily. One day, you will look back and find that many of your “hard” problems were just a piece of cake. A．However, he didn’t stop but tried to read the later chapters first. B．For example, you might not know the word “skip” in this passage. C．Just as the old saying goes, "The first step is always the hardest". D．Finally, he solved all the problems by working day and night. E．So, don’t be afraid to ask your teachers, parents or friends for advice. F．Instead of staying confused he asked some older students for help. 【答案】 1．C 2．F 3．A 4．B 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍小米CEO雷军分享面对难题迈出第一步的建议，告诉我们遇到困难不要害怕，学会求助和暂时跳过难点，坚持下去难题就会迎刃而解。 【详解】1．前文提到很多人害怕新事物，后文雷军分享如何迈出第一步的建议，选项C“Just as the old saying goes, ‘The first step is always the hardest’.”表示俗话说“万事开头难”，承接上文害怕新事物，引出下文雷军的建议，符合语境逻辑。 2．前文说雷军1987年刚上大学时感到很困惑，后文说因为很多人遇到过相似问题，可以给出有用的解答和指导，选项F“Instead of staying confused he asked some older students for help.”表示他没有一直困惑，而是向学长求助，衔接下文别人给他提供帮助，契合上下文。 3．本段主题是懂得暂时跳过难点之后再回头看，前文说他一开始觉得课本很难，后文说他还阅读其他相关书籍，几天后再回看前面章节就简单多了，选项A“However, he didn’t stop but tried to read the later chapters first.”表示但是他没有停下，而是先读后面的章节，和本段“skip”的方法对应，衔接自然。 4．前文讲这个方法也适用于英语阅读，读文章时一定会遇到生词，后文说继续阅读，读完文章再回看那一部分，选项B“For example, you might not know the word "skip" in this passage.”举例子说明阅读中遇到不认识单词的情况，承接上文生词话题。 5．前文提到成长路上会遇到很多艰难的第一步，后文告诉我们不要害怕、不要轻易放弃，选项E“So, don’t be afraid to ask your teachers, parents or friends for advice.”所以不要害怕向老师、父母或者朋友寻求建议，承接上文遇到困难，引出下文不要轻易放弃，符合语境。 Passage 6 Do you have true friends? Do you want to know better between you and your friends? 1 They are “pest friends”, “guest friends” and “best friends”. The first kind of friends is simply an acquaintance (熟人). All you usually know about them is their names. You may meet this kind of friend at school, at work, or on the bus, but you don’t miss them when they’re not around. 2 That is why they are called “pest friends”. The second kind of friends could also be called “social partners”. 3 You know their names, a little of what they like or dislike, and a little of their family histories. You usually have a few things in common, but you don’t talk about anything deep, such as your wishes or fears, and they don’t open up to you how they really feel. The last kind of friends, the “best friends”, is the one you know the deepest. 4 You have no problem staying at each other’s houses, and you share your deepest feelings and thoughts. They will correct you when you’re wrong. Sometimes they may not be perfect, but at least they will always care about you, and never do anything on purpose to hurt you. 5 We should value all friendships and remember, all best friends start out as just acquaintances. A．They are closer than acquaintances, but not as close as true friends. B．There are three different kinds of friends. C．You’re like family, and know everything about each other. D．We all have our pest, guest and best friends. E．They will help you with your life problems. F．When this kind of friend does something bad, you don’t tell them. 【答案】 1．B 2．F 3．A 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了生活中的三种朋友类型，包括熟人层面的“点头之交”、社交层面的“普通伙伴”以及无话不谈的“挚友”，阐述了不同类型朋友的特征，并指出应当珍视所有的友谊。 【详解】1．根据空后“They are ‘pest friends’ ‘guest friends’ and ‘best friends’.”可知，代词They指代三种朋友类型，空处起到引出下文三类朋友的分类总括作用。选项B“There are three different kinds of friends.”能够承接空后的展开列举。 2．根据空前对点头之交的描述“All you usually know about them is their names...you don’t miss them when they’re not around.”以及空后“That is why they are called ‘pest friends’.”可知，空处继续阐述这种浅层朋友关系的表现。选项F“When this kind of friend does something bad, you don’t tell them.”符合双方关系较为疏远、互不干涉的特征。 3．根据本段首句“The second kind of friends could also be called ‘social partners’.”以及空后对其程度的细化“You know their names, a little of what they like or dislike...but you don’t talk about anything deep”可知，这类朋友介于点头之交和真正挚友之间。选项A“They are closer than acquaintances, but not as close as true friends.”准确概括了该类朋友的关系层级。 4．根据空前的“The last kind of friends, the ‘best friends’, is the one you know the deepest.”以及空后的“You have no problem staying at each other’s houses, and you share your deepest feelings and thoughts.”可知，本段描述的是关系如同家人般亲密的最好朋友。选项C“You’re like family, and know everything about each other.”与前后文的亲密氛围高度契合。 5．根据空后的总结性建议“We should value all friendships and remember, all best friends start out as just acquaintances.”可知，末段对全文提到的三类朋友进行了整体收尾与升华。选项D“We all have our pest, guest and best friends.”起到了总结上文三种朋友类型的过渡作用。 Passage 7 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的六个选项中选出五个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A large number of people feel very lonely in the few months after their graduation(毕业). Many people wrongly think that they can stop feeling lonely by having more friends or by meeting new people. 1 So, what makes people feel lonely, and why do so many people experience it right after graduation? 2 Good close relationships share common interests, openness, and common life challenges. During college or high school years, most of the people in a group will have the same problem, so they can talk about their common problems, think together of solutions, and even help each other go through them. 3 However, after graduation, each person usually takes a different path and finds himself fighting his own special battle (战斗). Problems become no longer common between the same group of people because each of them develops his own special ones. Friends can become less connected to each other when each one of them lives a different life. 4 If this happens, there are two ways you can try. You can share your new problems with your old friends and make sure you listen to theirs. Or you can make more friends at your new job to share with them what’s going on in your new stage of life. 5 . When you find such people, keep in touch with them. Share your problems with them and you will never feel lonely. A．What happens to the same group after graduation? B．You will not feel lonely in such an environment. C．This slowly makes you less close to friends and brings about loneliness. D．In fact, a person with many friends can still feel lonely. E．Loneliness happens when you don’t have close relationships. F．The key is to find people who are fighting the same battle as you. 【答案】 1．D 2．E 3．B 4．C 5．F 【导语】本文围绕毕业生群体普遍会在毕业初期经历的孤独感展开，首先纠正了“多交朋友就能消除孤独”的错误认知，点明孤独的本质是缺乏高质量的亲密关系；通过对比校园时期大家拥有共同困境、互相扶持很难产生孤独，而毕业后每个人人生路径分化、好友间联结变弱的状态，解释了毕业孤独的形成原因，最后给出了维系旧友谊、找到同频的新同伴来对抗孤独的可行建议。 【详解】1．第一段“Many people wrongly think that they can stop feeling lonely by having more friends or by meeting new people.”，提出大众的错误认知：“很多人误以为只要交到更多朋友、认识更多新人，就可以消除孤独感”，空后转而提出疑问“是什么导致人们感到孤独，为什么这么多人刚毕业就会经历孤独？”。D选项“In fact, a person with many friends can still feel lonely.”，直接反驳了前文的错误观点，自然引出后文对孤独成因的探讨，承上启下逻辑通顺。 2．第二段内容开始详细阐述一段良好的亲密关系具备的特征：共同的兴趣、坦诚的态度、共同面对的人生挑战，后续所有内容都在围绕“亲密关系的缺失才是孤独的根源”展开。E选项“Loneliness happens when you don’t have close relationships.”是本段的总起句，直接点明孤独的核心成因，完美引出后文对亲密关系的详细解释。 3．第二段“During college or high school years, most of the people in a group will have the same problem, so they can talk about their common problems, think together of solutions, and even help each other go through them.”，描述了校园时期的理想状态：同群体的人大多面临相同的问题，大家可以一起讨论难题、共同想办法、互相扶持渡过难关。B选项“You will not feel lonely in such an environment.”，其中的指代短语such an environment精准对应前文描述的校园互助氛围，顺理成章地解释了学生阶段很少产生强烈孤独感的原因。 4．第三段“However, after graduation, each person usually takes a different path and finds himself fighting his own special battle (战斗). Problems become no longer common between the same group of people because each of them develops his own special ones. Friends can become less connected to each other when each one of them lives a different life.”，描述了毕业后的变化：所有人走上不同的人生道路，各自要面对独属于自己的人生难题，曾经的好友因为生活轨迹完全不同，彼此的联系也越来越少。C选项“This slowly makes you less close to friends and brings about loneliness.”，精准总结了前文描述的变化最终带来的结果，逻辑链条完整闭环。 5．第四段“there are two ways you can try. You can share your new problems with your old friends and make sure you listen to theirs. Or you can make more friends at your new job to share with them what’s going on in your new stage of life.”，给出了两种缓解孤独的可行方案：和老朋友分享你新阶段遇到的新问题、在新的工作环境里结交新的朋友分享当下的生活，空后补充说明“当你找到这样的人，和他们保持联系、分享烦恼，你就再也不会感到孤独”。F选项“The key is to find people who are fighting the same battle as you.”，既对前文的两种方案做了核心提炼，也完美呼应后文的such people指代，语义完全衔接。 Passage 8 Choosing a job—something you’re thinking of doing for the rest of your working life—isn’t always easy but necessary. Plans for your future job will have a great influence on your whole life. 1 Know yourself well. It’s true that things like pay are important, but don’t let money lead you in the wrong direction. Firstly, follow your heart and your personality—if you’re not very outgoing, don’t go for a sales job, even if the pay is good. 2 If you do well in getting along with children, to be a teacher may be a fantastic choice. 3 Generally speaking, people get more satisfaction out of their jobs if they feel they are doing something valuable for others. It doesn’t have to be charity work—it could be a job that helps other people, like being a cleaner. Just imagine what our city would be like without cleaners. Your first decision isn’t forever. Some lucky people get it on their first try—they choose a job, find they love it and stick at it. 4 So remember you’re allowed to change your mind! There’s no need to let it worry you for years: Maybe you’ve got three or four possible things you’d like to do, so come to a decision and try one—if you don’t like it, try another one. 5 The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best today. Remember to be responsible for yourself when you are young. A．Do something of value. B．But it isn’t always like that. C．And it is always like that. D．Here are some suggestions for you. E．Secondly, think about what you are good at. F．Making a clear plan for your future job is meaningful. 【答案】 1．D 2．E 3．A 4．B 5．F 【导语】本文围绕择业展开，介绍选择工作的几条建议，帮助人们找到适合自己的职业。 【详解】1．根据前文“Choosing a job —something you’re thinking of doing for the rest of your working life—isn’t always easy but necessary.”，可知下文要介绍择业的建议。D选项“Here are some suggestions for you.”起到总起引出建议的作用。 2．根据本段小标题“Know yourself well.”以及上文列举的第一条择业提醒，可知此处是第二条建议。E选项“Secondly, think about what you are good at.”代入句子通顺，符合句意。 3．根据后文“people get more satisfaction out of their jobs if they feel they are doing something valuable for others.”，可知本段讲做有价值的事。A选项“Do something of value.”作为本段小标题引出下文。 4．根据前文“Your first decision isn’t forever. Some lucky people get it on their first try”，可知不是所有人一次就能选对工作。B选项“But it isn’t always like that.”表明转折关系，引出下文的情况。 5．根据后文“The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best today. Remember to be responsible for yourself when you are young.”，可知本段讲对未来做好规划。F选项“Making a clear plan for your future job is meaningful.”讲为未来做好准备、规划，贴合本段主题。 18 / 18乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $考前特训 专题03 六选五 期中考满分冲刺（南通专用） 姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________ 内容提要 题型分析 解题指导 集中突破 一、题型定位 六选五（补全短文）是南通地区期中卷阅读理解板块的固定题型，属于“选择型语篇填空”：短文中有 5 处空白，文后提供 A—F 共 6 个选项，其中 5 个是正确项、1 个是多余干扰项，考生要根据上下文的逻辑、语义与结构为每处空白选出唯一恰当的选项。 它考的不是“读懂每句话”，而是“看出句子与句子之间靠什么接上”——代词指代、逻辑词、原词复现、问答呼应，这四条线索几乎覆盖了全部设空点；也正因为有 1 个多余项，必须把 5 个空都判断完，才能确认哪一项被排除。 二、命题形式与题量 本次特训共 8 篇短文、40 题：每篇设 5 个空，对应 5 道小题；每篇另附 A—F 共 6 个选项，必有一项多余。语篇词数在 160—252 词之间，按由短到长的顺序梯度排列。 空白位置灵活：可出现在段首（多为总起句或小标题）、段中（承上启下、举例、转折）或段尾（总结、升华）；其中段首设空最考验“这一段到底在讲什么”，段尾设空最考验“全文收在哪里”。 三、核心考点分布（基于本次特训 40 空梳理） 逐篇梳理 8 篇短文、40 处衔接点，考点可归纳为以下七类： （1）段首/段尾主旨句：空白在段首时多为总起句或小标题，在段尾时多为总结句，如 Passage 2 题 1 的总起问句、Passage 3 题 5 的升华句“small acts of kindness can make a big difference”。 （2）代词指代衔接：选项中的 it / they / those / this 必须能在前文找到明确的指代对象，如 Passage 3 题 4 的 it 回指上句的 check、Passage 1 题 4 的 those cards 回指上句的 heart-shaped cards。 （3）逻辑连接词衔接：However / So / Instead / Then / In fact 等词提示句间是转折、因果、并列还是递进，如 Passage 8 题 4 的 But it isn’t always like that.、Passage 7 题 1 的 In fact 引出的反驳。 （4）问答呼应：上文提问、下文作答，或上文设疑、下文解释，如 Passage 1 题 2 的 Did you make it yourself? 与下句 “Yes, Mr Smith.” 一问一答。 （5）词汇复现与同义替换：正确选项常与空前后出现原词、同根词或同义表达，如 Passage 2 题 2 的 difficult / boring 与后文 Do difficult things actively 呼应。 （6）动作与情节链条：记叙文按“做什么—为什么—结果如何”推进，选项必须能接上前后动作，如 Passage 3 题 3 由“写纸条”接到“把支票递给那位妈妈”。 （7）多余项排除：A—F 中总有一项与任何空都不合（话题偏移、语气不符、指代落空），做完 5 空后要用“代入通读”确认被排除的是哪一项。 四、难度与趋势 整体难度中等：文章本身不难，难在“五个空都得对上”。说明文（快乐校园生活、学习技巧、择业建议）重结构与并列，只要抓住段首小标题与序列词，几个空能一次定完；记叙文（Timmy 的拼贴画、火车上的善举）重情节与指代，必须紧跟人物动作与代词。 从本次选材看，南通期中卷的六选五越来越喜欢“首段设总起、段中设转折、末段设升华”的结构，且干扰项往往与正确项“话题相同、指向不同”（如都谈朋友、但一个说数量一个说质量）。做题时先定“这一段讲什么”，再比“哪一句最贴这一段的落点”，比逐词翻译有效得多。 一、四步解题法 第一步：先读选项，给每个选项贴“标签”。把 A—F 各读一遍，用两三个字记下它的功能（总起 / 举例 / 转折 / 总结 / 问句 / 指代），并在心里标出其中的代词与连接词。 第二步：通读全文，抓每段的主旨。先不看选项，快速读一遍短文，弄清每段讲什么、段与段是并列还是递进，这一步决定了段首空该填“总起”还是“承接”。 第三步：逐空定位，找线索词。看空前后各一句，找四类线索：代词（it / they / those）、连接词（However / So / Instead）、原词复现、问答关系；线索对上，答案基本就定了。 第四步：代入通读，排除多余项。5 个空填完后把全文连起来读一遍，检查逻辑是否顺畅、指代是否都有着落，剩下那一项就是多余项；若某处读不通，回退重判。 二、结合本次特训题目的实战点拨 【点拨1】段首总起句——以Passage 2 题 1 为例：原文 “Your schooldays should be the best time in your life.” 之后设空，空后紧接 “The following ways may help you.”，再往下是四个小标题；空处需要一个“总起全文”的问句，故选 E（Do you know how to have a happy school life?）。提示：段首空看它后面是不是“分述”，若是，空处多半是概括全篇的主题句或问句。 【点拨2】小标题与段内呼应——以Passage 2 题 2 为例：该段标题是 “Be active at school.”，空后写道 “Take an interest in school life. Do difficult things actively.”，都在讲“别嫌难、别嫌没意思”，故选 C（Don’t say things are difficult or boring.）。提示：小标题下的空要与本段其余句子“同调”，段内出现 difficult / boring / actively 这类词时，先找与之呼应的选项。 【点拨3】情节承接——以Passage 3 题 2 为例：上文说小女孩讲 “they were on their way to the children’s hospital in the city”，空后写 “Then he got off the train before anyone had a chance to thank him.”，中间需要一个“男士有所行动”的句子，故选 F（Without asking more about it, the man spoke with the girls...）。提示：记叙文的空要能接上前后的动作，看到 Then / After that，就先想“他做了什么”。 【点拨4】动作链条——以Passage 3 题 3 为例：上文写 “the man started writing something on a piece of paper”，空后又写他起身离座，空处正是“纸条变成了什么”，故选 D（He walked over to the girl’s mom and handed her a check...）。提示：先圈出上文的动作（writing），再找选项中能接住这个动作的动词（handed），动作链条一通，答案自明。 【点拨5】代词回指——以Passage 3 题 4 为例：上文 “The mom was puzzled by the check at first.” 中的 check 就是空处 A 项 “As she looked at it, there was a smile of thankfulness.” 里 it 的指代对象——先“困惑”，看了才“感激地笑了”，故选 A。提示：选项开头就是 it / they / this 时，务必回上一句找单复数与话题都对得上的名词。 【点拨6】段尾升华句——以Passage 3 题 5 为例：上文 “The moment left a lasting impression on everyone.” 已经把故事收住，空处需要一个由事及理的升华句，故选 E（It reminded us that small acts of kindness can make a big difference.）。提示：段尾空若前句已是“感受/印象”，空处多半是“道理/启示”，注意与全文主旨同向。 【点拨7】首段总起——以Passage 8 题 1 为例：原文开头说 “Choosing a job” 并不容易却很必要，接着 “Plans for your future job will have a great...” 之后设空，下文是三条并列建议，空处应是“下面给你几条建议”的总起句，故选 D（Here are some suggestions for you.）。提示：看到下文出现 Firstly / Secondly 或几个并列小标题，段首空基本就是“Here are...”类的总起句。 【点拨8】段首主题句——以Passage 8 题 3 为例：该段先设空，其后写道 “people get more satisfaction out of their jobs if they feel they are doing something valuable for others”，并举清洁工为例，说明本段主题是“做有价值的事”，故选 A（Do something of value.）。提示：段首空填完要“罩得住整段”，把选项代入后回读该段其余句子，若都在支撑它就对了。 【点拨9】转折对照——以Passage 8 题 4 为例：上文 “Some lucky people get it on their first try—they choose a job, find they love it and stick at it.” 讲的是“一次就选对”的少数人，空后转而说 “So remember you’re allowed to change your mind!”，可知空处要转出“但并非人人如此”，故选 B（But it isn’t always like that.）。提示：空后出现 So / Therefore 时，空处往往是对上文的转折或让步，注意 But / However 一类信号。 【点拨10】因果与呼应——以Passage 5 题 5 为例：上文说 “As you grow up, you will face many ‘hard’ first steps.”，空后紧接着 “Don’t be afraid or give up easily.”，空处应是由“难”推出“别怕、去求助”的一句，故选 E（So, don’t be afraid to ask your teachers, parents or friends）。提示：空后若是号召句（Don’t... / Let’s...），空处多半是一个 So 引导的承接句，把“原因—号召”连起来。 三、易错提醒 • 先定“段落功能”再选句子：段首重总起、段中重承接、段尾重总结，功能错了，句子再顺也不对。 • 选项里有代词（it / they / those / this）时，必须回上一句找到指代对象，找不到就排除。 • 两个选项意思相近时，比较“话题是否同一、范围是否过大或过小”，多余项往往就藏在其中。 • 别忽略空后的连接词：空后是 So / Therefore，空处多为止步或转折；空后是 For example，空处多为概括句。 • 五个空填完后必须通读一遍，检查全文逻辑与指代，剩下那一项才是多余项。 Passage 1 阅读短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Timmy is a friendly boy. He never gets angry with anyone at school. 1 It was Teachers’ Day. Timmy brought one of his collages (拼贴画) to school and gave it to his teacher Mr Smith. “I never saw a collage like this,” Mr Smith said. “I think it’s the most special gift. 2 ” “Yes, Mr Smith. My classmates think I never get angry,” Timmy said. “ 3 Sometimes I also got angry just because I didn’t get enough sleep or I lost my rubber. Every time I was unhappy, I would cut out some heart-shaped cards. 4 In this way, I became happy again.” “Wow, that’s your secret. I think it’s a useful way,” Mr Smith said. “Well, I hope so. 5 We all love you. But sometimes we may make mistakes (错误) and they may make you unhappy. I wish my collage would get the bad feelings out of your life,” Timmy said. “Thank you, Timmy. I love you too,” Mr Smith said. A．That’s not true. B．Did you make it yourself? C．His classmates think he may have a secret. D．Then I used those cards to make beautiful collages. E．I spend less time playing with my classmates than before. F．Mr Smith, everyone knows you are a hard-working and humorous teacher. Passage 2 Your schooldays should be the best time in your life. 1 The following ways may help you. Be active at school. 2 Take an interest in school life. Do difficult things actively. Put up your hands in class. If you are not working or learning, you are wasting your time at school. Keep healthy. If you don’t eat breakfast, you will be hungry in class. If you don’t have enough sleep, you will be sleepy in class. 3 Exercise can make you strong. 4 Everyone fails some tests, does wrong things and has bad days. Don’t make small problems very serious. Don’t forget to ask for help. You are young, and no one thinks you must do everything quite well. Spend the weekends meaningfully. Don’t waste time lying in bed on weekends. You can do outdoor activities. 5 You can read a book, practise English or help your mother with the housework. Follow our ways, and you will have a happy school life. A．You should play sports every day. B．Do you know how to make friends? C．Don’t say things are difficult or boring. D．Don’t be unhappy if things sometimes go badly. E．Do you know how to have a happy school life? F．If you don’t want to go out, there are also a lot of things to do. Passage 3 Years ago, I was on a train ride into the city when I noticed a family getting on board. There were two little girls, their mom, and her friend, all of them with big bags. 1 One of the girls sat next to an older gentleman, who started talking with her. As the train ride went on, the little girl said that they were on their way to the children’s hospital in the city, where her sister Hayley was receiving treatment. 2 Towards the end of the ride, the man started writing something on a piece of paper. As the train stopped at his station, he rose and left his seat. 3 Then he got off the train before anyone had a chance to thank him. The mom was puzzled by the check at first. 4 She looked up, hoping to catch the man before he disappeared from view, but he was already gone. The moment left a lasting impression on everyone. 5 It also made many people wonder about the man’s story and what led him to do this for strangers on a train. A．As she looked at it, there was a smile of thankfulness. B．From what it looked like, they were going to be away for several days. C．Their bags took up so much room that some passengers felt uncomfortable. D．He walked over to the girl’s mom and handed her a check, saying, "That’s for Hayley. " E．It reminded us that small acts of kindness can make a big difference in someone’s day. F．Without asking more about it, the man spoke with the girls on and off during the journey. Passage 4 Studying is not always the most interesting task within your day, but it is a necessary (必要的) one. Even though (即使) you know it is necessary, you have gotten bored at one time or another while studying. 1 Find a suitable place to study. 2 In this place, there are some things that have nothing to do with studying, such as your mobile phone. Those things will make you feel bored while studying. You could be doing things other than studying. 3 Plan first. List what you need to finish and how long you need to finish it. If you know when you can go back to play sports or talk to your friends, you will be more likely to fix your attention on studies. Mix up your topics. Change up the topics that you are studying. Mix up what you study every half an hour to an hour or so to keep boredom away. For example, study History for 45 minutes, Maths for 45 minutes, and English for 45 minutes. 4 Take notes as you go. Take a notebook out and write down important notes while you are reading an article in a textbook. 5 While you are reading, you learn it once. While you are writing, you learn it again. A．Make a time plan. B．It is a good way to learn something new. C．Here are some tips for you to keep boredom away. D．You had better learn different subjects at the same time. E．Make sure you don’t spend all your time on one subject. F．Make sure you are in a place that can help you focus on your study. Passage 5 阅读以下语篇，从语篇后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 A new term begins, and you have many new books on your desk. How do you feel about learning all these new things? Let’s be honest: many of us are afraid of new things. 1 In a recent speech, Xiaomi’s CEO Lei Jun shared some advice on how to take that first step. When Lei Jun entered university in 1987, he felt “at sea” (困惑的). 2 Because many of them had met similar problems, they were able to offer helpful answers and guidance. Lei’s second tip is to know when to “skip” and come back later. When he started studying computer science, he found his textbook very difficult at first. 3 He also read other related books. A few days later, when he went back to the early chapters (篇章), he found they had become much easier to learn. This method can also help you in English reading. When you read an article, you will surely meet new words. 4 Just keep reading. After you finish the whole article, go back to that part. You will often find it’s easier to guess the meaning. As you grow up, you will face many “hard” first steps. 5 Don’t be afraid or give up easily. One day, you will look back and find that many of your “hard” problems were just a piece of cake. A．However, he didn’t stop but tried to read the later chapters first. B．For example, you might not know the word “skip” in this passage. C．Just as the old saying goes, "The first step is always the hardest". D．Finally, he solved all the problems by working day and night. E．So, don’t be afraid to ask your teachers, parents or friends for advice. F．Instead of staying confused he asked some older students for help. Passage 6 Do you have true friends? Do you want to know better between you and your friends? 1 They are “pest friends”, “guest friends” and “best friends”. The first kind of friends is simply an acquaintance (熟人). All you usually know about them is their names. You may meet this kind of friend at school, at work, or on the bus, but you don’t miss them when they’re not around. 2 That is why they are called “pest friends”. The second kind of friends could also be called “social partners”. 3 You know their names, a little of what they like or dislike, and a little of their family histories. You usually have a few things in common, but you don’t talk about anything deep, such as your wishes or fears, and they don’t open up to you how they really feel. The last kind of friends, the “best friends”, is the one you know the deepest. 4 You have no problem staying at each other’s houses, and you share your deepest feelings and thoughts. They will correct you when you’re wrong. Sometimes they may not be perfect, but at least they will always care about you, and never do anything on purpose to hurt you. 5 We should value all friendships and remember, all best friends start out as just acquaintances. A．They are closer than acquaintances, but not as close as true friends. B．There are three different kinds of friends. C．You’re like family, and know everything about each other. D．We all have our pest, guest and best friends. E．They will help you with your life problems. F．When this kind of friend does something bad, you don’t tell them. Passage 7 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的六个选项中选出五个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A large number of people feel very lonely in the few months after their graduation(毕业). Many people wrongly think that they can stop feeling lonely by having more friends or by meeting new people. 1 So, what makes people feel lonely, and why do so many people experience it right after graduation? 2 Good close relationships share common interests, openness, and common life challenges. During college or high school years, most of the people in a group will have the same problem, so they can talk about their common problems, think together of solutions, and even help each other go through them. 3 However, after graduation, each person usually takes a different path and finds himself fighting his own special battle (战斗). Problems become no longer common between the same group of people because each of them develops his own special ones. Friends can become less connected to each other when each one of them lives a different life. 4 If this happens, there are two ways you can try. You can share your new problems with your old friends and make sure you listen to theirs. Or you can make more friends at your new job to share with them what’s going on in your new stage of life. 5 . When you find such people, keep in touch with them. Share your problems with them and you will never feel lonely. A．What happens to the same group after graduation? B．You will not feel lonely in such an environment. C．This slowly makes you less close to friends and brings about loneliness. D．In fact, a person with many friends can still feel lonely. E．Loneliness happens when you don’t have close relationships. F．The key is to find people who are fighting the same battle as you. Passage 8 Choosing a job—something you’re thinking of doing for the rest of your working life—isn’t always easy but necessary. Plans for your future job will have a great influence on your whole life. 1 Know yourself well. It’s true that things like pay are important, but don’t let money lead you in the wrong direction. Firstly, follow your heart and your personality—if you’re not very outgoing, don’t go for a sales job, even if the pay is good. 2 If you do well in getting along with children, to be a teacher may be a fantastic choice. 3 Generally speaking, people get more satisfaction out of their jobs if they feel they are doing something valuable for others. It doesn’t have to be charity work—it could be a job that helps other people, like being a cleaner. Just imagine what our city would be like without cleaners. Your first decision isn’t forever. Some lucky people get it on their first try—they choose a job, find they love it and stick at it. 4 So remember you’re allowed to change your mind! There’s no need to let it worry you for years: Maybe you’ve got three or four possible things you’d like to do, so come to a decision and try one—if you don’t like it, try another one. 5 The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best today. Remember to be responsible for yourself when you are young. A．Do something of value. B．But it isn’t always like that. C．And it is always like that. D．Here are some suggestions for you. E．Secondly, think about what you are good at. F．Making a clear plan for your future job is meaningful. 18 / 18乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $