期中复习之阅读理解15篇（说明文）（江苏专用） 2026-2027学年八年级英语上册（译林版）

期中复习之阅读理解15篇(说明文) (江苏专用) Imagine this: You pick up your phone for a video call with a friend. Not only can you see their faces and hear their voice, but you can also smell the cookies they just baked. It sounds like something out of a science fiction movie, but could it actually happen? Smells are created by tiny molecules (分子) that float through the air and reach your nose. Your nose then sends signals to your brain, which identifies the smell. So, could your phone send these smell molecules to you? Scientists are working on it. Think about how your phone screen works. It doesn’t have every colour stored inside it. Instead, it uses just three colours to create millions of different hues and shades. Now imagine something similar for smells. Scientists are developing digital (数字的) scent technology that uses a small number of different cartridges (盒), each containing a specific scent. Each smell could have a specific recipe made up of different amounts of the ingredients in the cartridges. These scent cartridges could mix to create different smells. Future phones might use digital codes to produce these smells. When you receive a digital scent code, your phone could mix different scents from the cartridges. This mix would then be released through a small vent (小孔) on the phone, allowing you to smell it. However, there are challenges. One is designing a system that can produce thousands of smells using only a few cartridges. Another is controlling how strong a scent should be and how long it should last. And the cartridges should also be easy to refill, and the chemicals in them should be safe to breathe. These hurdles make it a challenging but exciting area of research. Even though we’re not there yet, scientists are working hard to make smell phones a reality. One day, you might not only see and hear your friend’s birthday party over the phone but also smell the candles they blew out! 1.How does the author begin the article to attract the readers? A.By describing a real-life app of smell phones. B.By describing a possible future situation. C.By listing challenges in creating smell phones. D.By explaining the scientific background. 2.According to the article, how do phones possibly produce smells in the future? A.By using digital codes and scent cartridges. B.By sending actual smell molecules through the air. C.By projecting images and sounds together. D.By creating smells directly from the screen. 3.What does the underlined word “hurdles” most probably mean in Chinese? A.技术 B.担忧 C.障碍 D.气味 4.What’s the author’s attitude towards the future of the digital scent technology? A.Uncertain. B.Hopeful. C.Doubtful. D.Worried. 1. Honesty is where a good friendship starts. You must tell true feelings to your friends. Keep their secrets to yourself and never break promises, or you may lose your friends. 2. Generosity (慷慨大方) means sharing, and sharing makes the friendship grow. You don’t have to give your lunch money or your clothes, of course. Instead, you share your ideas and feelings. 3. Understanding can be valuable to a friend. Everyone needs understanding and help with a problem. Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve. You must try to put yourself in your friend’s place, so you can understand the problem better. 4. No two friendships are ever exactly alike (相像的). But all true friendships may have some things in common. In fact, good friendships will just not easily last. Many people want others to be their friends, but they don’t give the friendship back. That is one of the reasons why some friendships don’t last very long. Therefore, to keep friendship for ever, you must give as much as you take. 1.How many teenagers think understanding is the most important between friends in the survey? A.100. B.80. C.110. D.120. 2.According to the text, a good friendship usually begins from . A.honesty B.understanding C.generosity D.similarity 3.According to the text, a generous friend always . A.keeps your secret B.gives you money C.shares ideas with you D.solves (解决) your problems 4.What can we learn from Paragraph 4? A.Friends don’t need to be similar. B.A good friend touches your heart. C.Giving is important in a friendship. D.You should take as much as possible. 5.The text is written to . A.teach teenagers how to make a survey B.teach teenagers how to make new friends C.tell teenagers what makes a good friend D.help teenagers understand the importance of friends Do you get stressed with exams? Students may experience different degrees (程度) of stress during exam days. A paper in Nature reports that a mindset exercise (思维模式训练) improved how young people thought about stressful events and their uncomfortable responses (反应). It is based on two ideas: first, ability is not fixed but people can improve it with effort and support; second, the body’s responses to stress can be helpful. Researchers invited thousands of students to do the exercise. When we compare (比较) them with those who didn’t do the exercise, students who did the exercise thought about stress differently, turning it into a way to achieve a goal. What’s more, the exercise changed their body responses for the better, preparing the body to respond to events as a challenge rather than a threat (威胁). “Difficulty is your friend,” says Christopher Bryan, one of the researchers. “It’s the path anyone who became truly excellent at anything had to travel.” We can put the exercise to further use. In the future, we can make it specially for office workers. Once we fully test it, we can use the exercise in high schools and colleges all around the country. “We might not teach young people that they are too weak to get over difficulties. But instead, we provide them with guidance (指导) so that young people can show their skills and creativity in dealing with big problems,” Christopher Bryan added. 1.What does the underlined word “It” in the second paragraph refer to? A.The exam. B.The exercise. C.The stress. D.The difficulty. 2.According to the second paragraph, what may the mindset exercise help us? ① To forget about our stressful moments. ② To change the way we think about stressful things. ③ To record what we go through. ④ To improve our uncomfortable responses. A.①② B.②③ C.①④ D.②④ 3.What can we learn about the mindset exercise? A.It is now helping teenagers all around the country. B.It is especially helpful to office workers. C.It helps teenagers get better grades. D.It makes students face stress bravely. 4.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A.Christopher Bryan believes difficulty is important. B.Guidance plays the key role to success. C.Teenagers are too weak to get through difficulties. D.Adults (成年人) should show their skills and creativity first. 5.What is the main purpose (目的) of the mindset exercise mentioned in the passage? A.To help students get higher scores in exams. B.To help people deal with stress in a better way. C.To let office workers have more free time. D.To teach young people how to face difficult problems. In ancient China, education was very different from today. A famous teacher and thinker, Confucius (孔子), lived over 2000 years ago. He had many ideas about learning and life. At that time, most students were boys. They didn’t go to a big school as we do. They studied in small private schools or at home. Their subjects were also different. They mainly learned the “Six Arts”: riding horses, archery (射箭), writing, math, music, and manners. They believed that learning these skills could make them better people. Students didn’t have paper or books as we have now. They wrote on bamboo slips (竹简) or silk with a brush. It was very difficult and took a long time to write one book. So, students had to memorize a lot of things. They read aloud and recited texts again and again. Confucius encouraged his students to ask questions and think carefully. He said, “Learning without thinking is useless.” He also thought that everyone should have the chance to learn. His ideas are still very important in China today. 1.Where did ancient Chinese students usually study? A.In big and modern schools. B.In small private schools or at home. C.In libraries only. D.In foreign countries. 2.What does the “Six Arts” NOT include according to the passage? A.Riding horses and archery. B.Writing and math. C.Playing computer games. D.Music and manners. 3.Why did students need to memorize a lot? A.Because they had very good memory. B.Because writing was difficult and books were rare. C.Because their teachers asked them to do so. D.Because they didn’t like writing. 4.What did Confucius encourage his students to do? A.To memorize without thinking. B.To ask questions and think carefully. C.To only learn from books. D.To play more and study less. 5.What is the main idea of this passage? A.Life in ancient China was easy and fun. B.Confucius was a strict teacher. C.It introduces the learning methods and life of ancient people. D.The “Six Arts” are not useful today. Do you yawn (打哈欠)? There are about 20 reasons that scientists think are possible for yawning after research. They do not know exactly why yawning happens, but they do know many facts about yawning. We know that everyone yawns in the same way. First you open your mouth slowly. Your mouth stays open for about five seconds. You take in a lot of air and then push it out. Then you quickly close your mouth. We also know that yawning is contagious. When you see someone yawn, you yawn, too. Many people say they yawn because they are bored or tired. That might be true. People do often yawn before they sleep and after they wake up. However, we know that people also yawn when they are excited or nervous. Olympic runners, for example, often yawn before a race. Why is that? In 2007, scientists found that a yawn can help a warm brain cool down. Some scientists believe that yawning makes you notice things more quickly. When you yawn, you breathe deeply. You also stretch (拉伸) the muscles (肌肉) in your face, mouth, and neck. Your eardrums stretch, too. Maybe this helps you to be quicker to notice things. In some countries, people think yawning is not nice. People put their hands over their mouths to cover a yawn. In other countries, people think yawning is healthy. They think that opening the mouth very big can let good things in. When they breathe out, they think that bad things go out of the body with the air. Scientists do not spend much time studying yawning. That is probably because yawning does not hurt. It is just something we do. 1.What does the underlined word “contagious” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A.able to spread quickly. B.able to breathe easily. C.able to change easily. D.able to sleep quickly. 2.Olympic runners often yawn before a race because . A.a yawn can let good things in B.they are too tired or too bored C.a yawn can help a warm brain cool down D.a yawn can stretch the muscles in their faces 3.What is the main idea of paragraph 5? A.Reasons for yawning. B.Advantages of yawning. C.Disadvantages of yawning. D.Different ideas about yawning. 4.What would be the best structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. Getting in touch with friends is difficult after people change schools or move house. They don’t know how to start the conversation again if they don’t talk with their friends for a long time. Many people want to get in touch with old friends, but they are afraid to do so. Psychologists (心理学家) from colleges did a study about how people feel about getting in touch with old friends. The study shows over 90% of the people don’t call their old friends. 70% of them don’t want to call their friends first, because they worry that their old friends won’t want to hear from them and maybe their old friends are too busy to talk with them. Some people even think getting in touch with their old friends is as hard as talking to strange people. Lara Aknin, one of the psychologists, said, “Most people are worried that they have different lifestyles and interests now. But these differences can be helpful for people to get close to each other. After sharing something new and interesting, they won’t feel embarrassed (尴尬的) at all. Instead, they know each other better.” In fact, if you get in touch with an old friend, you will be surprised to find that he or she is also looking forward to hearing from you. So, why not give your old friend a call? 1.How does the writer start the passage? A.By telling a story. B.By giving a fact. C.By asking a question. D.By listing numbers. 2.Why don’t most people want to call their old friends first? A.Because they worry about their old friends. B.Because they almost forget their old friends. C.Because they don’t care about their old friends. D.Because they have nothing to say to their old friends. 3.What can we learn from Lara Aknin’s words? A.It’s hard to get in touch with old friends. B.We can’t share our things with old friends. C.Differences may help people get close to old friends. D.Most people might have different lifestyles and interests. 4.What does the writer want to tell us? A.It’s important to have some good friends. B.Be brave to get in touch with your old friends. C.We should make as many new friends as possible. D.Make friends with people having the same interest. ①When you’re trying to make friends, you’ll probably meet someone who just doesn’t like you, though you’ve never done anything to him or her. Well, what should you do? Here’s some advice. ②Gossip (流言蜚语) can make meeting new people difficult, especially when people hear something bad about you. It can prevent someone from getting to know you at all. When you’re in a situation like this, it feels bad. Instead of trying to win them over (说服), however, just be yourself. As time goes by, they will see that the gossip about you is wrong. Or they may choose to believe it. Don’t worry about it and move on by being friendly to the kind people. ③You’d think that your friend’s friends would also become your friends. But it doesn’t work that way. Sometimes people are happy with the friendships they have, and they aren’t interested in adding any more. If someone chooses not to be friends with you just because you’re new to the group, it’s fine. There’s nothing wrong with you or them. ④An even more difficult situation is when someone has met you and just doesn’t like you. Every joke you make is taken the wrong way. Every time you try to do something nice, they find fault (找茬儿). As much as it hurts, accept that not everyone is going to be your friend. Don’t take it personally. These things could happen to everyone. There are just some people you won’t like. ⑤In a word, if someone doesn’t want to be your friend, that’s okay. Don’t get angry with them because it’s their choice. Instead, give your time and attention to the people that are interested in being with you. 1.If people choose to believe the gossip about you, you should . A.try to win them over B.let them know the truth C.not worry about it and move on D.find out where the gossip comes from 2.Why don’t your friend’s friends want to be your friends sometimes? A.Because they think it’s a waste of time making new friends. B.Because they aren’t interested in adding any more. C.Because they worry that a new friend will influence their old friendship. D.Because they share no common interests with new friends. 3.What does the underlined sentence “Don’t take it personally.” in Paragraph 4 mean? A.You shouldn’t share it with others. B.You shouldn’t stop it by yourself. C.You shouldn’t take it to heart. D.You shouldn’t accept it in person. 4.Which is the best way to divide (分割) the passage? A.①//②③④//⑤ B.①//②③//④⑤ C.①//②③④⑤ D.①②//③④//⑤ 5.The passage mainly wants to tell us . A.how to make new friends B.how to have a talk with others C.how to be popular among friends D.what to do when you’re not liked by others Food safety is important. If you eat food that’s not stored right, you might get sick. The fridge may be a perfect choice for keeping food safe and fresh, but it is not a magic box to keep all kinds of food. Follow these tips and learn how to store food correctly in your fridge. The temperature in the fresh-keeping area can be different from shelf to shelf. As a general rule, the higher the shelf is, the higher the temperature will be. So use these different temperatures to keep your food good—just put it on the right shelf. Try to put ready-to-eat food like burgers, pizza or cream cakes on top shelves. The middle shelves are most suitable for dairy products (乳制品) such as cheese, butter, yoghurt and eggs. Bottom shelves are the coldest part of the fridge, making them perfect for storing raw (生的) meat and seafood. Some fridges have a freezer (冷冻室) for keeping these things, so of course make use of that if you have one. Keeping food in the fridge does not kill bacteria (细菌) but it can stop the bacteria from growing fast. Bacteria can grow quickly in temperatures between 5 and 60 . This is called the Temperature Danger Zone. If you want to keep your food good as long as possible, the temperature in your fridge needs to be between 0 and 5 . The freezer temperature should be below -18 . Fruit and vegetables can also be stored at room temperature. Try to keep them in a cool, dry and dark place, away from direct sunlight or sources of heat. Once cut, they should be put in the fridge. Hope these tips can help you keep your food fresh for as long as possible. 1.Which of the following should be stored on the middle shelves? A.Burgers and pizza. B.Cheese, butter and eggs. C.Raw meat and seafood. D.Cut fruits and vegetables. 2.What is the main idea of the second paragraph? A.How to store raw meat and seafood in the fridge’s freezer. B.Why the temperature is different on different fridge shelves. C.How to store different foods on different fridge shelves. D.How to correctly change the temperature of the fridge’s fresh-keeping area. 3.What can we infer (推断) from the part about the “Temperature Danger Zone”? A.Bacteria will die quickly when the temperature is above 60 . B.Food stored at 20 is more likely to have bacteria grow fast. C.The fridge’s fresh-keeping area should be set above 5 . D.Freezer temperature needs to be in the “Temperature Danger Zone”. 4.What does the passage mainly talk about? A.Tips for keeping food safe and fresh B.The importance of keeping the fridge clean C.How to choose a suitable fridge to keep food fresh D.Why food goes bad easily even when stored in the fridge How do you feel when you have to make a speech in front of class? Do you get really shy? Shyness means feeling nervous with others around. Over 80% of teenagers feel afraid to be the centre of attention. Some kids are born shy. Some become shy later because of their life experiences. It’s OK if it takes you some time to feel like yourself again when you go to a new place or meet new people. In fact, everybody gets a little shy sometimes. Most people have red faces and talk in broken sentences when they get shy. But some become so shy that they won’t go to a restaurant because they are too nervous to order and pay the bill. Some fear to meet new people, so they seldom go outside. This kind of shyness can be bad for a person. If shyness doesn’t stop you from doing anything you want to do, being shy isn’t a big problem. Some experts (专家) say shy people are quieter and cleverer because they think more and talk less. Shy people are also good at working with others because they think more for other people. Some great people in history were shy, too. You see, being shy isn’t all bad. But remember not to let good chances pass by just because of it! If you have to practice your spoken English, just do it. Don’t be afraid. 1.How does the writer start the passage? A.By using sayings. B.By asking questions. C.By telling the truth. D.By giving examples. 2.Which of the following is an example of bad shyness? A.Having a red face when speaking in public. B.Feeling a little nervous at a new place at first. C.Talking in broken sentences when feeling shy. D.Not going outside because of fear of meeting new people. 3.Why do some experts think shy people are quieter and cleverer? A.Because they are born that way. B.Because they don’t like to talk with others. C.Because they are not good at expressing themselves. D.Because they are too shy to talk much and they think more. 4.What’s the best title for this passage? A.Being shy, good or bad? B.Be active before others C.Find out what you’re like D.Don’t be shy before others For thousands of years, colour has helped show our personality. But why is there so little colour in our buildings today? One reason is that modern architecture (建筑) prefers to show raw building materials like steel and concrete. This style often uses only greys and whites, which is different from the colourful buildings of the past. In ancient times, colours were full of cultural meanings, especially in Chinese architecture. Red was the most important colour. It represented happiness, good luck, and power. This is why you can see it on the walls, gates, and pillars of the Forbidden City. It was also used in important celebrations like weddings and the New Year, bringing a festive and powerful feeling. Yellow was a special colour reserved only for the emperor. It represented the strongest power of the ruler and his connection to heaven and earth. The most famous example is the shining yellow-glazed tiles (琉璃瓦) on the roofs of the Forbidden City’s main halls, making the buildings stand out grandly. Blue was a colour for the heavens. It was believed to bring heavenly blessings and good luck. The Temple of Heaven is the best example, where the blue tiles make the temple look like it’s part of the sky. White was often used as a background colour to make other colours look more vibrant. It represented purity and elegance. The White Dagoba in Beihai Park is a perfect example. Its white structure against the blue sky and green trees creates a peaceful and beautiful scene. Beijing’s ancient architecture shows that colour is a powerful tool. It can send social messages and preserve cultural heritage. Using colour in our buildings today could give them more unique character and meaning. Maybe it’s time to bring more colours back! 1.If you have a bird’s-eye view of the Forbidden City, what colours do you mainly see? A.White and red. B.Blue and yellow. C.Yellow and red. D.Red and blue. 2.Why does the writer mention Beijing’s ancient architecture? A.To compare ancient and modern building styles. B.To describe the materials used in ancient architecture. C.To prove they are the most famous buildings in China. D.To explain how colours were used to express cultural meanings. 3.What’s the correct structure of the passage? (①=paragraph 1, ②=paragraph 2…) A.①|②③④⑤|⑥⑦ B.①②|③④⑤⑥|⑦ C.①|②③④⑤⑥|⑦ D.①②|③④⑤|⑥⑦ 4.What is the writer’s attitude (态度) towards the colour of modern architecture? A.Unpleased B.Hopeless C.Doubtful D.Supportive With prices and building costs rising, the DIY trend in the US continues to grow. “We needed furniture for our living room, ”says John Ross, “and we just didn’t have enough money to buy it. So we decided to try making a few tables and chairs. ”John got married (结婚) six months ago, and like many young people these days, they are trying to make a home at a time when the cost of living is very high. The Rosses took a 2-week course for $280 at a night school. Now they build all their furniture and make repairs around the house. Jim has three boys and his wife died. He has a full-time job at home as well as in a shoemaking factory. Last month, he received a car repair bill for $420. That is a large sum. “I was upset about it. But later, I finished a car repair course; Now, I should be able to fix the car by myself. ” John and Jim are not unusual people. Most families in the country are doing everything they can to save money, so they can fight the high cost of living. If you want to become a “do-it-yourselfer”, you can go to DIY classes. And for those who don’t have time to take a course, there are books that tell you how you can do things yourself. 1.From the text we know that many newly married people . A.learn to make their own furniture by taking DIY courses B.find it very easy to pay for their living room C.have enough money for their own furniture of the house D.always go to a department store to buy things 2.John and his wife went to evening classes to learn how to . A.repair the car all by themselves B.have a new lifestyle in the family C.make enough money to buy a house D.make or repair things by themselves 3.What does the underlined word“upset”most probably mean? A.crazy B.worried C.excited D.happy 4.Which of the following is TRUE according to this passage? A.DIY is becoming more and more popular because of the rising cost of living. B.People who take DIY Courses must be quite different from the others in life. C.If you want to become a “do-it-yourselfer”, you can only go to DIY classes. D.Most families in the country are doing DIY because they enjoy the lifestyle. Do you think studying is a little boring? But when you watch someone else study, do you want to join them? You’re not the only one. “Study with Me” is a new way you can try. The reason is simple: watching others study makes us want to do the same. “Study with Me” is a kind of live broadcast (现场直播) on the Internet. Usually, it shows a person studying. Sometimes it’s quiet, and sometimes there is soft music. It makes viewers feel like they have a study partner. It also lets people focus together, share the same experience, and feel part of a group. Studying together can make learning more fun. That’s why these study broadcasts are getting more popular. More and more students around the world are interested in them. So why does watching someone else study make us want to study too? Scientists say it’s a natural habit for humans. We often copy the things people around us do. This is called mimicry(模仿). When we watch someone study, we may copy how they take notes, use the same study tools, or even take breaks at the same time. Also, we all need support from others. The people on the screen are like our “secret study partners”. When we see them working hard, we feel like we’re on a team. This encourages us not to give up when tasks are hard. “Study with Me” can help you, but there are some things to remember. First, before you join an online study group, set clear study goals. This helps you focus on your own work. Second, don’t depend on it too much. Sometimes you need to learn by yourself. Finally, try to study with people you can trust. They should have a good, organized study plan. With the development of AI, ways of learning are always changing. They bring us new and exciting learning experiences. “Study with Me” is a great example. It helps people work closely together and encourages students to enjoy their learning journey—with focus, fun, and friendship. 1.What is a “Study with Me” broadcast? A.A TV show about school life. B.An online video of a person studying. C.A radio program with soft music. D.A book that teaches how to study. 2.What might happen when you watch a “Study with Me” broadcast? A.You will learn the best way to take notes. B.You might feel like you are part of a group. C.The person on the screen will become your real friend. D.You will never need to study by yourself again. 3.What does the underlined sentence “don’t depend on it too much” in Paragraph 4 tell us? A.“Study with Me” is not a very good idea. B.It is also important to be able to study by yourself. C.You should sometimes turn off the music in the broadcast. D.These broadcasts often have technical problems. 4.What does the writer think of the future of learning at the end of the passage? A.It is difficult and challenging. B.It focuses only on AI teachers. C.It is creative and keeps developing. D.It is less fun and more serious. Can you make things with your hands? Many people enjoy making things they can use or give as gifts. Making crafts is a hobby that more people are doing again. People who do it say it makes them feel better. The Covid pandemic made many people stay at home. They had more time to try new things, and some started making crafts. It helped them feel less tired from working at home. Crafts like knitting, crocheting, making pots, and painting are getting popular again. Even young people are doing them. Before the pandemic, people already liked crafts. Some did it for fun. Others made a little money from it. There are websites like Etsy and Folksy where people can sell things they make by hand. Richard Sennett wrote a book called The Craftsman. He said, “Many people think their daily jobs are not interesting. But learning a craft makes them happy. It is a skill. Things like making wooden things and weaving are good for the mind and body. People get real joy from this work.” You can also buy craft kits online. These kits help you start making things like candles or macrame. But many people like to make things from the very beginning. They do it just for fun or to keep their minds busy. And it is good for them! A study by BBC Arts found that even a short time doing creative things like painting or making pots can help how people feel. The study asked 50,000 people. It found that being creative can help people avoid stress, clear their minds, and grow better. This helps them feel better about themselves. So, if your life is busy and stressful, maybe you can try making something creative. It might help you feel better! 1.Which craft has become popular again? A.Playing ball. B.Knitting. C.Watching TV. D.Cooking meals. 2.Why does Richard Sennett say learning a craft is good? A.It makes people rich fast. B.It is easier than work. C.It needs little time. D.It is a skill that makes people happy in body and mind. 3.What did the BBC find from 50,000 people? A.Being creative makes people tired. B.Being creative helps people stay away from stress and grow. C.It is 期中复习之阅读理解15篇（说明文） （江苏专用） Imagine this: You pick up your phone for a video call with a friend. Not only can you see their faces and hear their voice, but you can also smell the cookies they just baked. It sounds like something out of a science fiction movie, but could it actually happen? Smells are created by tiny molecules (分子) that float through the air and reach your nose. Your nose then sends signals to your brain, which identifies the smell. So, could your phone send these smell molecules to you? Scientists are working on it. Think about how your phone screen works. It doesn’t have every colour stored inside it. Instead, it uses just three colours to create millions of different hues and shades. Now imagine something similar for smells. Scientists are developing digital (数字的) scent technology that uses a small number of different cartridges (盒), each containing a specific scent. Each smell could have a specific recipe made up of different amounts of the ingredients in the cartridges. These scent cartridges could mix to create different smells. Future phones might use digital codes to produce these smells. When you receive a digital scent code, your phone could mix different scents from the cartridges. This mix would then be released through a small vent (小孔) on the phone, allowing you to smell it. However, there are challenges. One is designing a system that can produce thousands of smells using only a few cartridges. Another is controlling how strong a scent should be and how long it should last. And the cartridges should also be easy to refill, and the chemicals in them should be safe to breathe. These hurdles make it a challenging but exciting area of research. Even though we’re not there yet, scientists are working hard to make smell phones a reality. One day, you might not only see and hear your friend’s birthday party over the phone but also smell the candles they blew out! 1．How does the author begin the article to attract the readers? A．By describing a real-life app of smell phones. B．By describing a possible future situation. C．By listing challenges in creating smell phones. D．By explaining the scientific background. 2．According to the article, how do phones possibly produce smells in the future? A．By using digital codes and scent cartridges. B．By sending actual smell molecules through the air. C．By projecting images and sounds together. D．By creating smells directly from the screen. 3．What does the underlined word “hurdles” most probably mean in Chinese? A．技术 B．担忧 C．障碍 D．气味 4．What’s the author’s attitude towards the future of the digital scent technology? A．Uncertain. B．Hopeful. C．Doubtful. D．Worried. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了科学家正在研发的数字气味技术，探讨了其工作原理、目前面临的技术挑战以及对未来手机能传递气味的美好展望。 1．第一段作者用Imagine this开头，通过设想一个未来可能出现的场景来引入话题，以此吸引读者兴趣。 2．根据第三段“Future phones might use digital codes to produce these smells…your phone could mix different scents from the cartridges”可知，未来手机通过数字代码和气味盒混合产生气味。 3．前一句列举了这项技术面临的多项challenges“挑战、困难”，These hurdles指代前面的各种困难，故hurdle意为“障碍”。 4．结合第四段“These hurdles make it a challenging but exciting area of research”和最后一段“Even though we’re not there yet, scientists are working hard to make smell phones a reality”，作者认为这项研究虽然有难度，但令人振奋，并且畅想未来气味手机可以成真，可以看出作者的态度是充满希望的。Hopeful“充满希望的”，符合语境；Uncertain不确定的；Doubtful怀疑的；Worried担忧的，均不符。 1. Honesty is where a good friendship starts. You must tell true feelings to your friends. Keep their secrets to yourself and never break promises, or you may lose your friends. 2. Generosity (慷慨大方) means sharing, and sharing makes the friendship grow. You don’t have to give your lunch money or your clothes, of course. Instead, you share your ideas and feelings. 3. Understanding can be valuable to a friend. Everyone needs understanding and help with a problem. Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve. You must try to put yourself in your friend’s place, so you can understand the problem better. 4. No two friendships are ever exactly alike (相像的). But all true friendships may have some things in common. In fact, good friendships will just not easily last. Many people want others to be their friends, but they don’t give the friendship back. That is one of the reasons why some friendships don’t last very long. Therefore, to keep friendship for ever, you must give as much as you take. 1．How many teenagers think understanding is the most important between friends in the survey? A．100. B．80. C．110. D．120. 2．According to the text, a good friendship usually begins from __________. A．honesty B．understanding C．generosity D．similarity 3．According to the text, a generous friend always __________. A．keeps your secret B．gives you money C．shares ideas with you D．solves (解决) your problems 4．What can we learn from Paragraph 4? A．Friends don’t need to be similar. B．A good friend touches your heart. C．Giving is important in a friendship. D．You should take as much as possible. 5．The text is written to __________. A．teach teenagers how to make a survey B．teach teenagers how to make new friends C．tell teenagers what makes a good friend D．help teenagers understand the importance of friends 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文借助调查柱状图，介绍了成就一段真挚友谊的四种重要品质，同时点明长久的友谊需要付出与回报对等。 1．根据图表中Understanding对应的柱形数值，可知本次调查中有110名青少年认为朋友之间理解最为重要。 2．原文第1点提到“Honesty is where a good friendship starts.”，说明了一段美好的友谊通常始于诚实。 3．原文第2点提到“Instead, you share your ideas and feelings.”，说明了慷慨大方的朋友会和你分享想法。 4．原文第4段提到“Therefore, to keep friendship for ever, you must give as much as you take.”，说明了付出在友谊当中是很重要的。 5．整篇文章介绍了一段好的友谊所具备的要素，旨在告诉青少年什么才能成就一段美好的友谊。 Do you get stressed with exams? Students may experience different degrees (程度) of stress during exam days. A paper in Nature reports that a mindset exercise (思维模式训练) improved how young people thought about stressful events and their uncomfortable responses (反应). It is based on two ideas: first, ability is not fixed but people can improve it with effort and support; second, the body’s responses to stress can be helpful. Researchers invited thousands of students to do the exercise. When we compare (比较) them with those who didn’t do the exercise, students who did the exercise thought about stress differently, turning it into a way to achieve a goal. What’s more, the exercise changed their body responses for the better, preparing the body to respond to events as a challenge rather than a threat (威胁). “Difficulty is your friend,” says Christopher Bryan, one of the researchers. “It’s the path anyone who became truly excellent at anything had to travel.” We can put the exercise to further use. In the future, we can make it specially for office workers. Once we fully test it, we can use the exercise in high schools and colleges all around the country. “We might not teach young people that they are too weak to get over difficulties. But instead, we provide them with guidance (指导) so that young people can show their skills and creativity in dealing with big problems,” Christopher Bryan added. 1．What does the underlined word “It” in the second paragraph refer to? A．The exam. B．The exercise. C．The stress. D．The difficulty. 2．According to the second paragraph, what may the mindset exercise help us? ① To forget about our stressful moments.    ② To change the way we think about stressful things. ③ To record what we go through.          ④ To improve our uncomfortable responses. A．①② B．②③ C．①④ D．②④ 3．What can we learn about the mindset exercise? A．It is now helping teenagers all around the country. B．It is especially helpful to office workers. C．It helps teenagers get better grades. D．It makes students face stress bravely. 4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Christopher Bryan believes difficulty is important. B．Guidance plays the key role to success. C．Teenagers are too weak to get through difficulties. D．Adults (成年人) should show their skills and creativity first. 5．What is the main purpose (目的) of the mindset exercise mentioned in the passage? A．To help students get higher scores in exams. B．To help people deal with stress in a better way. C．To let office workers have more free time. D．To teach young people how to face difficult problems. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．D 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一种思维模式训练（mindset exercise），该训练能帮助学生改变对压力的看法和身体反应，从而更好地应对考试等压力情境。 1．第二段第一句提到“A paper in Nature reports that a mindset exercise improved...”，后文“It is based on two ideas”中的“It”指代前文提到的“mindset exercise”。 2．第二段明确指出该训练能改变对压力事件的看法（“improved how young people thought about stressful events”）和改善不适反应（“uncomfortable responses”），即②和④。 3．第三段提到该训练让学生“think about stress differently, turning it into a way to achieve a goal”，即把压力视为挑战而非威胁，说明它让学生勇敢面对压力。 4．第四段Christopher Bryan说“Difficulty is your friend”，表明他认为困难很重要。 5．全文围绕该训练如何改变对压力的看法和身体反应，从而更好地应对压力，因此主要目的是“帮助人们更好地应对压力”。 In ancient China, education was very different from today. A famous teacher and thinker, Confucius (孔子), lived over 2000 years ago. He had many ideas about learning and life. At that time, most students were boys. They didn’t go to a big school as we do. They studied in small private schools or at home. Their subjects were also different. They mainly learned the “Six Arts”: riding horses, archery (射箭), writing, math, music, and manners. They believed that learning these skills could make them better people. Students didn’t have paper or books as we have now. They wrote on bamboo slips (竹简) or silk with a brush. It was very difficult and took a long time to write one book. So, students had to memorize a lot of things. They read aloud and recited texts again and again. Confucius encouraged his students to ask questions and think carefully. He said, “Learning without thinking is useless.” He also thought that everyone should have the chance to learn. His ideas are still very important in China today. 1．Where did ancient Chinese students usually study? A．In big and modern schools. B．In small private schools or at home. C．In libraries only. D．In foreign countries. 2．What does the “Six Arts” NOT include according to the passage? A．Riding horses and archery. B．Writing and math. C．Playing computer games. D．Music and manners. 3．Why did students need to memorize a lot? A．Because they had very good memory. B．Because writing was difficult and books were rare. C．Because their teachers asked them to do so. D．Because they didn’t like writing. 4．What did Confucius encourage his students to do? A．To memorize without thinking. B．To ask questions and think carefully. C．To only learn from books. D．To play more and study less. 5．What is the main idea of this passage? A．Life in ancient China was easy and fun. B．Confucius was a strict teacher. C．It introduces the learning methods and life of ancient people. D．The “Six Arts” are not useful today. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国古代的教育情况，包括学习地点、课程内容、书写材料以及孔子的教育思想。 1．根据文章第2段“They studied in small private schools or at home.”可知古代学生通常在私立小学校或家里学习。 2．根据文章第2段“They mainly learned the ‘Six Arts’: riding horses, archery (射箭), writing, math, music, and manners.”可知六艺包含骑马射箭等，不包含玩电脑游戏。 3．根据文章第3段“It was very difficult and took a long time to write one book. So, students had to memorize a lot of things.”可知因为书写困难且书籍稀少，学生需要记忆很多东西。 4．根据文章第4段“Confucius encouraged his students to ask questions and think carefully.”可知孔子鼓励学生提问并仔细思考。 5．通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了古代学生的学习方式、内容及孔子的教育理念。 Do you yawn (打哈欠)? There are about 20 reasons that scientists think are possible for yawning after research. They do not know exactly why yawning happens, but they do know many facts about yawning. We know that everyone yawns in the same way. First you open your mouth slowly. Your mouth stays open for about five seconds. You take in a lot of air and then push it out. Then you quickly close your mouth. We also know that yawning is contagious. When you see someone yawn, you yawn, too. Many people say they yawn because they are bored or tired. That might be true. People do often yawn before they sleep and after they wake up. However, we know that people also yawn when they are excited or nervous. Olympic runners, for example, often yawn before a race. Why is that? In 2007, scientists found that a yawn can help a warm brain cool down. Some scientists believe that yawning makes you notice things more quickly. When you yawn, you breathe deeply. You also stretch (拉伸) the muscles (肌肉) in your face, mouth, and neck. Your eardrums stretch, too. Maybe this helps you to be quicker to notice things. In some countries, people think yawning is not nice. People put their hands over their mouths to cover a yawn. In other countries, people think yawning is healthy. They think that opening the mouth very big can let good things in. When they breathe out, they think that bad things go out of the body with the air. Scientists do not spend much time studying yawning. That is probably because yawning does not hurt. It is just something we do. 1．What does the underlined word “contagious” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．able to spread quickly. B．able to breathe easily. C．able to change easily. D．able to sleep quickly. 2．Olympic runners often yawn before a race because ________. A．a yawn can let good things in B．they are too tired or too bored C．a yawn can help a warm brain cool down D．a yawn can stretch the muscles in their faces 3．What is the main idea of paragraph 5? A．Reasons for yawning. B．Advantages of yawning. C．Disadvantages of yawning. D．Different ideas about yawning. 4．What would be the best structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文介绍了与打哈欠相关的各类知识，包括打哈欠的过程、传染性、成因、作用、不同国家的文化看法以及科学研究现状，说明打哈欠是一种常见的生理现象。 1．文章第2段“When you see someone yawn, you yawn, too.”表明看到他人打哈欠时自己也会打哈欠，说明打哈欠具有传染性、能够快速传播，因此此处“contagious”的含义是“能快速传播的”。 2．文章第3段“Olympic runners, for example, often yawn before a race. Why is that? In 2007, scientists found that a yawn can help a warm brain cool down.”表明奥运选手在赛前打哈欠，是因为打哈欠能够帮助发热的大脑降温。 3．文章第5段“In some countries, people think yawning is not nice. People put their hands over their mouths to cover a yawn. In other countries, people think yawning is healthy.”表明本段主要讲述了不同国家的人们对打哈欠持有的不同观点。 4．文章第1段为总起部分，引出打哈欠的话题，点明科学家虽不确定打哈欠的确切成因，但了解很多相关事实；第2至6段为分述部分，分别从打哈欠的行为特点、形成原因、作用、不同文化的态度、科学研究现状五个方面展开介绍。全文为总-分结构，与选项B的图示相符。 Getting in touch with friends is difficult after people change schools or move house. They don’t know how to start the conversation again if they don’t talk with their friends for a long time. Many people want to get in touch with old friends, but they are afraid to do so. Psychologists (心理学家) from colleges did a study about how people feel about getting in touch with old friends. The study shows over 90% of the people don’t call their old friends. 70% of them don’t want to call their friends first, because they worry that their old friends won’t want to hear from them and maybe their old friends are too busy to talk with them. Some people even think getting in touch with their old friends is as hard as talking to strange people. Lara Aknin, one of the psychologists, said, “Most people are worried that they have different lifestyles and interests now. But these differences can be helpful for people to get close to each other. After sharing something new and interesting, they won’t feel embarrassed (尴尬的) at all. Instead, they know each other better.” In fact, if you get in touch with an old friend, you will be surprised to find that he or she is also looking forward to hearing from you. So, why not give your old friend a call? 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling a story. B．By giving a fact. C．By asking a question. D．By listing numbers. 2．Why don’t most people want to call their old friends first? A．Because they worry about their old friends. B．Because they almost forget their old friends. C．Because they don’t care about their old friends. D．Because they have nothing to say to their old friends. 3．What can we learn from Lara Aknin’s words? A．It’s hard to get in touch with old friends. B．We can’t share our things with old friends. C．Differences may help people get close to old friends. D．Most people might have different lifestyles and interests. 4．What does the writer want to tell us? A．It’s important to have some good friends. B．Be brave to get in touch with your old friends. C．We should make as many new friends as possible. D．Make friends with people having the same interest. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了人们在换学校或搬家后与老朋友联系的心理障碍，并通过心理学家的研究和建议，鼓励人们勇敢联系老朋友。 1．根据文章第1段“Getting in touch with friends is difficult after people change schools or move house.”可知，作者通过陈述客观情况开始文章。 2．根据文章第3段“70% of them don’t want to call their friends first, because they worry that their old friends won’t want to hear from them and maybe their old friends are too busy to talk with them.”可知，人们不打电话是因为担心老朋友的情况。 3．根据文章第4段“But these differences can be helpful for people to get close to each other.”可知，差异可能帮助人们与老朋友亲近。 4．根据文章第5段“So, why not give your old friend a call?”可知，作者旨在鼓励人们勇敢联系老朋友。 ①When you’re trying to make friends, you’ll probably meet someone who just doesn’t like you, though you’ve never done anything to him or her. Well, what should you do? Here’s some advice. ②Gossip (流言蜚语) can make meeting new people difficult, especially when people hear something bad about you. It can prevent someone from getting to know you at all. When you’re in a situation like this, it feels bad. Instead of trying to win them over (说服), however, just be yourself. As time goes by, they will see that the gossip about you is wrong. Or they may choose to believe it. Don’t worry about it and move on by being friendly to the kind people. ③You’d think that your friend’s friends would also become your friends. But it doesn’t work that way. Sometimes people are happy with the friendships they have, and they aren’t interested in adding any more. If someone chooses not to be friends with you just because you’re new to the group, it’s fine. There’s nothing wrong with you or them. ④An even more difficult situation is when someone has met you and just doesn’t like you. Every joke you make is taken the wrong way. Every time you try to do something nice, they find fault (找茬儿). As much as it hurts, accept that not everyone is going to be your friend. Don’t take it personally. These things could happen to everyone. There are just some people you won’t like. ⑤In a word, if someone doesn’t want to be your friend, that’s okay. Don’t get angry with them because it’s their choice. Instead, give your time and attention to the people that are interested in being with you. 1．If people choose to believe the gossip about you, you should ________. A．try to win them over B．let them know the truth C．not worry about it and move on D．find out where the gossip comes from 2．Why don’t your friend’s friends want to be your friends sometimes? A．Because they think it’s a waste of time making new friends. B．Because they aren’t interested in adding any more. C．Because they worry that a new friend will influence their old friendship. D．Because they share no common interests with new friends. 3．What does the underlined sentence “Don’t take it personally.” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．You shouldn’t share it with others. B．You shouldn’t stop it by yourself. C．You shouldn’t take it to heart. D．You shouldn’t accept it in person. 4．Which is the best way to divide (分割) the passage? A．①//②③④//⑤ B．①//②③//④⑤ C．①//②③④⑤ D．①②//③④//⑤ 5．The passage mainly wants to tell us ________. A．how to make new friends B．how to have a talk with others C．how to be popular among friends D．what to do when you’re not liked by others 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了在交友过程中遇到他人不喜欢自己时的几种情况及应对建议，核心结论是不要强求，把时间留给感兴趣的人。 1．根据文章第2段“Or they may choose to believe it. Don’t worry about it and move on by being friendly to the kind people.”可知，面对相信流言的人不应担心而应继续前行。 2．根据文章第3段“Sometimes people are happy with the friendships they have, and they aren’t interested in adding any more.”可知，人们不想交新朋友是因为对现有友谊满意。 3．根据文章第4段“These things could happen to everyone. There are just some people you won’t like.”可知，这种情况很普遍不用太在意。 4．根据文章第1段引出话题，第2—4段分述三种情况及建议，第5段总结全文可知是“总—分—总”结构，即①//②③④//⑤。 5．根据文章第1段“Well, what should you do? Here’s some advice.”及全文内容可知，全文围绕交友时遇到不被他人喜欢的情况，给出多条处理建议。 Food safety is important. If you eat food that’s not stored right, you might get sick. The fridge may be a perfect choice for keeping food safe and fresh, but it is not a magic box to keep all kinds of food. Follow these tips and learn how to store food correctly in your fridge. The temperature in the fresh-keeping area can be different from shelf to shelf. As a general rule, the higher the shelf is, the higher the temperature will be. So use these different temperatures to keep your food good—just put it on the right shelf. Try to put ready-to-eat food like burgers, pizza or cream cakes on top shelves. The middle shelves are most suitable for dairy products (乳制品) such as cheese, butter, yoghurt and eggs. Bottom shelves are the coldest part of the fridge, making them perfect for storing raw (生的) meat and seafood. Some fridges have a freezer (冷冻室) for keeping these things, so of course make use of that if you have one. Keeping food in the fridge does not kill bacteria (细菌) but it can stop the bacteria from growing fast. Bacteria can grow quickly in temperatures between 5℃ and 60℃. This is called the Temperature Danger Zone. If you want to keep your food good as long as possible, the temperature in your fridge needs to be between 0℃ and 5℃. The freezer temperature should be below -18℃. Fruit and vegetables can also be stored at room temperature. Try to keep them in a cool, dry and dark place, away from direct sunlight or sources of heat. Once cut, they should be put in the fridge. Hope these tips can help you keep your food fresh for as long as possible. 1．Which of the following should be stored on the middle shelves? A．Burgers and pizza. B．Cheese, butter and eggs. C．Raw meat and seafood. D．Cut fruits and vegetables. 2．What is the main idea of the second paragraph? A．How to store raw meat and seafood in the fridge’s freezer. B．Why the temperature is different on different fridge shelves. C．How to store different foods on different fridge shelves. D．How to correctly change the temperature of the fridge’s fresh-keeping area. 3．What can we infer (推断) from the part about the “Temperature Danger Zone”? A．Bacteria will die quickly when the temperature is above 60℃. B．Food stored at 20℃ is more likely to have bacteria grow fast. C．The fridge’s fresh-keeping area should be set above 5℃. D．Freezer temperature needs to be in the “Temperature Danger Zone”. 4．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Tips for keeping food safe and fresh B．The importance of keeping the fridge clean C．How to choose a suitable fridge to keep food fresh D．Why food goes bad easily even when stored in the fridge 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了如何正确储存食物以保持其安全新鲜，特别是冰箱内不同区域的储存方法和温度控制。 1．根据文章第二段中“The middle shelves are most suitable for dairy products (乳制品) such as cheese, butter, yoghurt and eggs.”可知，冰箱的中层架子最适合存放乳制品，例如奶酪、黄油和鸡蛋。 2．文章第二段首先说明了保鲜区不同层架的温度不同，接着具体介绍了即食食品、乳制品、生肉和海鲜分别应该放在哪一层架子上。因此，本段主要介绍了“如何将不同食物存放在不同架子上” 3．根据文章第三段中“Bacteria can grow quickly in temperatures between 5℃ and 60℃. This is called the Temperature Danger Zone .”可知，细菌在5℃到 60℃之间会快速生长，这个范围被称为“温度危险区”。20℃处于5℃到60℃之间，因此可以推断出储存在20℃的食物更容易滋生细菌。 4．通读全文可知，文章第一段提出遵循技巧正确储存食物，中间段落具体介绍了冰箱层架的使用、温度控制以及果蔬的储存方法，最后一段希望这些技巧能帮助保持食物新鲜。因此，文章主要讲的是保持食物安全和新鲜的技巧。 How do you feel when you have to make a speech in front of class? Do you get really shy? Shyness means feeling nervous with others around. Over 80% of teenagers feel afraid to be the centre of attention. Some kids are born shy. Some become shy later because of their life experiences. It’s OK if it takes you some time to feel like yourself again when you go to a new place or meet new people. In fact, everybody gets a little shy sometimes. Most people have red faces and talk in broken sentences when they get shy. But some become so shy that they won’t go to a restaurant because they are too nervous to order and pay the bill. Some fear to meet new people, so they seldom go outside. This kind of shyness can be bad for a person. If shyness doesn’t stop you from doing anything you want to do, being shy isn’t a big problem. Some experts (专家) say shy people are quieter and cleverer because they think more and talk less. Shy people are also good at working with others because they think more for other people. Some great people in history were shy, too. You see, being shy isn’t all bad. But remember not to let good chances pass by just because of it! If you have to practice your spoken English, just do it. Don’t be afraid. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By using sayings. B．By asking questions. C．By telling the truth. D．By giving examples. 2．Which of the following is an example of bad shyness? A．Having a red face when speaking in public. B．Feeling a little nervous at a new place at first. C．Talking in broken sentences when feeling shy. D．Not going outside because of fear of meeting new people. 3．Why do some experts think shy people are quieter and cleverer? A．Because they are born that way. B．Because they don’t like to talk with others. C．Because they are not good at expressing themselves. D．Because they are too shy to talk much and they think more. 4．What’s the best title for this passage? A．Being shy, good or bad? B．Be active before others C．Find out what you’re like D．Don’t be shy before others 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文主要讨论了害羞这一情感现象，并分析了害羞的原因、表现以及影响。 1．根据文章第一段开头两句“How do you feel when you have to make a speech in front of class? Do you get really shy?”可知，作者是通过提出问题的方式开始文章的。 2．根据第四段内容“Some fear to meet new people, so they seldom go outside. This kind of shyness can be bad for a person.”可知，因为害怕见新人而几乎不外出被作者归类为不好的害羞表现。 3．根据第五段中“Some experts...say shy people are quieter and cleverer because they think more and talk less.”可知，专家认为害羞的人更安静聪明是因为他们想得更多，说得更少。 4．通读全文可知，文章讨论了害羞的定义、害羞带来的负面影响（如不敢外出）以及积极的一面（如更聪明、善于合作），并得出结论“being shy isn’t all bad”。选项A“Being shy, good or bad?害羞，好还是坏？”最能概括文章关于害羞利弊讨论的主题，是本文最佳标题。 For thousands of years, colour has helped show our personality. But why is there so little colour in our buildings today? One reason is that modern architecture (建筑) prefers to show raw building materials like steel and concrete. This style often uses only greys and whites, which is different from the colourful buildings of the past. In ancient times, colours were full of cultural meanings, especially in Chinese architecture. Red was the most important colour. It represented happiness, good luck, and power. This is why you can see it on the walls, gates, and pillars of the Forbidden City. It was also used in important celebrations like weddings and the New Year, bringing a festive and powerful feeling. Yellow was a special colour reserved only for the emperor. It represented the strongest power of the ruler and his connection to heaven and earth. The most famous example is the shining yellow-glazed tiles (琉璃瓦) on the roofs of the Forbidden City’s main halls, making the buildings stand out grandly. Blue was a colour for the heavens. It was believed to bring heavenly blessings and good luck. The Temple of Heaven is the best example, where the blue tiles make the temple look like it’s part of the sky. White was often used as a background colour to make other colours look more vibrant. It represented purity and elegance. The White Dagoba in Beihai Park is a perfect example. Its white structure against the blue sky and green trees creates a peaceful and beautiful scene. Beijing’s ancient architecture shows that colour is a powerful tool. It can send social messages and preserve cultural heritage. Using colour in our buildings today could give them more unique character and meaning. Maybe it’s time to bring more colours back! 1．If you have a bird’s-eye view of the Forbidden City, what colours do you mainly see? A．White and red. B．Blue and yellow. C．Yellow and red. D．Red and blue. 2．Why does the writer mention Beijing’s ancient architecture? A．To compare ancient and modern building styles. B．To describe the materials used in ancient architecture. C．To prove they are the most famous buildings in China. D．To explain how colours were used to express cultural meanings. 3．What’s the correct structure of the passage? (①=paragraph 1, ②=paragraph 2…) A．①|②③④⑤|⑥⑦ B．①②|③④⑤⑥|⑦ C．①|②③④⑤⑥|⑦ D．①②|③④⑤|⑥⑦ 4．What is the writer’s attitude (态度) towards the colour of modern architecture? A．Unpleased B．Hopeless C．Doubtful D．Supportive 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文探讨现代建筑色彩缺失的原因，并通过北京古建筑中红、黄、蓝、白的文化含义呼吁回归色彩。 1．第三段提到“Red was the most important colour... you can see it on the walls, gates, and pillars of the Forbidden City.”，第四段提到“Yellow... shining yellow-glazed tiles on the roofs of the Forbidden City’s main halls”，将二者整合，俯瞰故宫主要看到红墙和黄瓦。 2．最后一段提到“Beijing’s ancient architecture shows that colour is a powerful tool. It can send social messages and preserve cultural heritage.”，直接说明提及古建筑是为了说明颜色表达文化含义。 3．第一、二段引出话题并对比古今，第三至六段分别阐述四种颜色的文化意义，第七段总结呼吁，因此结构为总—分—总。 4．最后一段作者提到“Using colour in our buildings today could give them more unique character and meaning. Maybe it’s time to bring more colours back!”，表明对现代建筑缺少色彩感到不满，希望改变，因此态度是“Unpleased”。 With prices and building costs rising, the DIY trend in the US continues to grow. “We needed furniture for our living room, ”says John Ross, “and we just didn’t have enough money to buy it. So we decided to try making a few tables and chairs. ”John got married (结婚) six months ago, and like many young people these days, they are trying to make a home at a time when the cost of living is very high. The Rosses took a 2-week course for $280 at a night school. Now they build all their furniture and make repairs around the house. Jim has three boys and his wife died. He has a full-time job at home as well as in a shoemaking factory. Last month, he received a car repair bill for $420. That is a large sum. “I was upset about it. But later, I finished a car repair course; Now, I should be able to fix the car by myself. ” John and Jim are not unusual people. Most families in the country are doing everything they can to save money, so they can fight the high cost of living. If you want to become a “do-it-yourselfer”, you can go to DIY classes. And for those who don’t have time to take a course, there are books that tell you how you can do things yourself. 1．From the text we know that many newly married people ________. A．learn to make their own furniture by taking DIY courses B．find it very easy to pay for their living room C．have enough money for their own furniture of the house D．always go to a department store to buy things 2．John and his wife went to evening classes to learn how to ________. A．repair the car all by themselves B．have a new lifestyle in the family C．make enough money to buy a house D．make or repair things by themselves 3．What does the underlined word“upset”most probably mean? A．crazy B．worried C．excited D．happy 4．Which of the following is TRUE according to this passage? A．DIY is becoming more and more popular because of the rising cost of living. B．People who take DIY Courses must be quite different from the others in life. C．If you want to become a “do-it-yourselfer”, you can only go to DIY classes. D．Most families in the country are doing DIY because they enjoy the lifestyle. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文介绍在美国生活成本上涨的背景下，DIY（自己动手做）潮流逐渐流行，列举约翰和吉姆的事例说明人们学习自制、修理物品来省钱，并介绍学习DIY的途径。 1．根据原文“John got married six months ago, and like many young people these days...The Rosses took a 2-week course for $280 at a night school. Now they build all their furniture”，可知许多新婚夫妇通过上DIY课程学习自制家具。 2．根据原文“we decided to try making a few tables and chairs...Now they build all their furniture and make repairs around the house”，可知约翰夫妇上夜校课程是为了学习亲手制作、修理各类物品。 3．根据原文“he received a car repair bill for $420. That is a large sum. ‘I was upset about it.’”，高额修车费让他感到心烦，可推断upset意为担忧、心烦。 4．根据原文“With prices and building costs rising, the DIY trend in the US continues to grow...Most families in the country are doing everything they can to save money, so they can fight the high cost of living”，能得出DIY因生活成本上涨变得愈发流行。 Do you think studying is a little boring? But when you watch someone else study, do you want to join them? You’re not the only one. “Study with Me” is a new way you can try. The reason is simple: watching others study makes us want to do the same.​ “Study with Me” is a kind of live broadcast (现场直播) on the Internet. Usually, it shows a person studying. Sometimes it’s quiet, and sometimes there is soft music. It makes viewers feel like they have a study partner. It also lets people focus together, share the same experience, and feel part of a group. Studying together can make learning more fun. That’s why these study broadcasts are getting more popular. More and more students around the world are interested in them.​ So why does watching someone else study make us want to study too? Scientists say it’s a natural habit for humans. We often copy the things people around us do. This is called mimicry(模仿). When we watch someone study, we may copy how they take notes, use the same study tools, or even take breaks at the same time. Also, we all need support from others. The people on the screen are like our “secret study partners”. When we see them working hard, we feel like we’re on a team. This encourages us not to give up when tasks are hard.​ “Study with Me” can help you, but there are some things to remember. First, before you join an online study group, set clear study goals. This helps you focus on your own work. Second, don’t depend on it too much. Sometimes you need to learn by yourself. Finally, try to study with people you can trust. They should have a good, organized study plan.​ With the development of AI, ways of learning are always changing. They bring us new and exciting learning experiences. “Study with Me” is a great example. It helps people work closely together and encourages students to enjoy their learning journey—with focus, fun, and friendship. 1．What is a “Study with Me” broadcast?​​ A．A TV show about school life. B．An online video of a person studying. C．A radio program with soft music. D．A book that teaches how to study. 2．What might happen when you watch a “Study with Me” broadcast?​​ A．You will learn the best way to take notes. B．You might feel like you are part of a group. C．The person on the screen will become your real friend. D．You will never need to study by yourself again. 3．What does the underlined sentence “don’t depend on it too much” in Paragraph 4 tell us? A．“Study with Me” is not a very good idea. B．It is also important to be able to study by yourself. C．You should sometimes turn off the music in the broadcast. D．These broadcasts often have technical problems. 4．What does the writer think of the future of learning at the end of the passage?​​ A．It is difficult and challenging. B．It focuses only on AI teachers. C．It is creative and keeps developing. D．It is less fun and more serious. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了“Study with Me”这种网络直播学习方式，分析了它为何能激励人们学习，并给出了使用建议，最后指出学习方式正在不断创新发展。 1．第二段句子“‘Study with Me’ is a kind of live broadcast on the Internet. Usually, it shows a person studying.”指出，“Study with Me”是一种网络直播，展示一个人在学习。 2．第二段句子“It makes viewers feel like they have a study partner. It also lets people focus together, share the same experience, and feel part of a group.”指出，观看这种直播会让你感觉自己是一个群体的一部分。 3．第四段句子“don’t depend on it too much”后面的内容“Sometimes you need to learn by yourself.”指出，这句话是想告诉读者自主学习也很重要，不能过度依赖直播。 4．最后一段句子“With the development of AI, ways of learning are always changing. They bring us new and exciting learning experiences.”以及“It helps people work closely together and encourages students to enjoy their learning journey”指出，作者认为学习方式是不断变化、富有创意且不断发展的。 Can you make things with your hands? Many people enjoy making things they can use or give as gifts. Making crafts is a hobby that more people are doing again. People who do it say it makes them feel better.   The Covid pandemic made many people stay at home. They had more time to try new things, and some started making crafts. It helped them feel less tired from working at home. Crafts like knitting, crocheting, making pots, and painting are getting popular again. Even young people are doing them.   Before the pandemic, people already liked crafts. Some did it for fun. Others made a little money from it. There are websites like Etsy and Folksy where people can sell things they make by hand. Richard Sennett wrote a book called The Craftsman. He said, “Many people think their daily jobs are not interesting. But learning a craft makes them happy. It is a skill. Things like making wooden things and weaving are good for the mind and body. People get real joy from this work.”   You can also buy craft kits online. These kits help you start making things like candles or macrame. But many people like to make things from the very beginning. They do it just for fun or to keep their minds busy. And it is good for them! A study by BBC Arts found that even a short time doing creative things like painting or making pots can help how people feel. The study asked 50,000 people. It found that being creative can help people avoid stress, clear their minds, and grow better. This helps them feel better about themselves.   So, if your life is busy and stressful, maybe you can try making something creative. It might help you feel better! 1．Which craft has become popular again? A．Playing ball. B．Knitting. C．Watching TV. D．Cooking meals. 2．Why does Richard Sennett say learning a craft is good? A．It makes people rich fast. B．It is easier than work. C．It needs little time. D．It is a skill that makes people happy in body and mind. 3．What did the BBC find from 50,000 people? A．Being creative makes people tired. B．Being creative helps people stay away from stress and grow. C．It is only for old people. D．It does nothing to people's feelings. 4．Why did people have more time for crafts? A．They had no jobs. B．They didn’t like working. C．Because of the Covid pandemic lockdowns. D．They had long holidays. 5．Where can people sell their handmade things? A．Big shops. B．Websites like Etsy and Folksy. C．Schools. D．Parks. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文主要讲述手工制作作为一种爱好重新流行，疫情让人们有更多时间尝试，它有助于缓解压力、提升幸福感，人们可在Etsy等网站售卖手工作品，且有研究表明创造性活动有益身心。 1．第二段指出“Crafts like knitting, crocheting,making pots,and painting are getting popular again.”可见，Knitting再次流行了起来。 2．第三段Richard Sennett的话“It is a skill.Things like making wooden things and weaving are good for the mind and body.”原文指出学习手工艺是技能，且有益于身心、使人快乐，这直接指向了“这是一种能让身心愉悦的技能。” 3．第四段“It found that being creative can help people avoid stress, clear their minds, and grow better.”原文明确指出BBC研究发现创造力可以帮助人们避免压力、理清思路、更好地成长，这直接说明“创造力有助于人们远离压力并成长。” 4．第二段“The Covid pandemic made many people stay at home.They had more time to try new things...”说明疫情导致人们居家，从而获得更多时间尝试新事物（包括手工艺），所以直接原因是由于新冠肺炎疫情封锁。 5．第三段“There are websites like Etsy and Folksy where people can sell things they make by hand.”原文明确提到Etsy和Folksy是售卖手工作品的平台。 ①Global (全球的) warming is bringing great trouble to food growth around the world and rice is especially easy to get hurt by high temperatures. It grows slowly and the production is much less. Many crops even dry up and die completely. This makes farmers have bad harvests and puts local food safety in danger. To solve this serious problem, Chinese scientists have worked hard in both labs and test fields for years, and finally developed a new kind of rice successfully. ②On December 3, 2025, their research result was published in Cell, a famous international science magazine. This new rice can survive high temperatures—it can live through different levels of high temperatures. ③How can this special rice stay safe in high temperatures? When high heat reaches its cells, two special genes (基因)—DGK7 and MdPDE1—start working at once. First, the DGK7 gene helps the cell make a special chemical signal (信号). Next, this chemical signal travels inside the cell, reaches the MdPDE1 gene, and turns it on. Then the MdPDE1 gene helps the cell make a second chemical signal. Finally, this second signal makes many other helpful genes in the cell start working. They all work together to help the rice get used to hot conditions quickly. ④ ▲ To create this amazing rice, scientists used a special tool, CRISPR-Cas9, to improve these two genes. After many experiments, they carefully put the improved genes into rice plants. This new rice not only protects its pollen (花粉)—which is very important for rice production—from being hurt by heat, but also keeps growing healthily in high temperatures. It makes sure there is enough food as the world gets warmer. It also helps farmers get more harvests even in very hot years, bringing new hope to global food safety. However, there are still some practical problems to solve before it can help more farmers around the world. 1．How does the author introduce the topic? A．By asking a question. B．By listing numbers. C．By giving an example. D．By showing a problem. 2．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in Paragraph 3? A．The cell. B．The DGK7 gene. C．The chemical signal. D．The MdPDE1 gene. 3．Which sentence can be put in ▲ in Paragraph 4? A．Many countries are interested in this new rice. B．So how did scientists develop this kind of rice? C．Farmers also took part in the new rice research. D．The two genes are not helpful for common rice at all. 4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．The new rice may be of great help to farmers in the future. B．Scientists have solved the problems of food safety already. C．CRISPR-Cas9 is the only tool to improve rice genes at present. D．The research result was published in a Chinese magazine in 2025. 5．What will the writer most probably talk about next? A．How global warming started and how it hurts crops. B．Why common rice cannot grow well in hot weather. C．How this gene technology is different from other technologies. D．What practical problems need solving before farmers grow the new rice. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了全球变暖给世界粮食生长带来巨大麻烦，水稻尤其易受高温影响。为解决这一问题，中国科学家经过多年努力成功研发出一种新型水稻，介绍了这种水稻能耐高温的原因、培育方式以及它对全球粮食安全的意义，同时也指出在推广前还有一些实际问题需要解决。 1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Global (全球的) warming is bringing great trouble to food growth around the world and rice is especially easy to get hurt by high temperatures. It grows slowly and the production is much less. Many crops even dry up and die completely. This makes farmers have bad harvests and puts local food safety in danger.”可知，作者通过展示全球变暖给水稻生长带来的一系列问题，如生长缓慢、产量降低、农作物干枯死亡、农民收成不好以及当地食品安全受到威胁等，来引出话题。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“Next, this chemical signal travels inside the cell, reaches the MdPDE1 gene, and turns it on. Then the MdPDE1 gene helps the cell make a second chemical signal.”可知，这个化学信号在细胞内传播，到达MdPDE1基因并将其激活，然后MdPDE1基因帮助细胞产生第二个化学信号，所以这里的“it”指代的是“The MdPDE1 gene”。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“To create this amazing rice, scientists used a special tool, CRISPR - Cas9, to improve these two genes. After many experiments, they carefully put the improved genes into rice plants.”可知，此段主要讲述了科学家如何培育出这种新型水稻，所以前面应该是提出关于科学家如何培育这种水稻的问题。选项B“So how did scientists develop this kind of rice?”符合语境。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“It also helps farmers get more harvests even in very hot years, bringing new hope to global food safety. However, there are still some practical problems to solve before it can help more farmers around the world.”可知，这种新型水稻即使在非常炎热的年份也能帮助农民获得更多收成，给全球粮食安全带来新希望，说明这种新型水稻未来可能对农民有很大帮助。故选A。 5．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“However, there are still some practical problems to solve before it can help more farmers around the world.”可知，在新型水稻能帮助更多世界各地的农民之前，还有一些实际问题需要解决，所以接下来作者最有可能谈论的是在农民种植这种新型水稻之前需要解决哪些实际问题。故选D。 As teenagers grow up. they start to make their own decisions (决定). However. during this period. it can be easy for them to form bad habits. These bad habits, if we don’t change them, could cause more serious ones when they become adults, so stopping harmful habits from controlling (控制) a teenager’s life is important. They must learn to know bad habits early and make right changes. To change bad habits is never easy. In many ways, our lifestyle is the sum of choices we have made. We make a choice to do something, and then we repeat it over and over again. Soon that choice forms a habit that is much harder to change. The good news is that we can change, if we understand how habits work. According to modern psychology (心理学), we must first learn about the“habit cycle”, which works like this: Firstly. there is a “cue”, an action, event、or situation that acts as a signal (信号) to do something. Secondly, there is a “routine”. the regular (有规律的) action you take in response (反应) to the cue. Thirdly there is the “reward”, the good thing or feeling we get from the routine. For example, when we feel unhappy (cue), we eat lots of unhealthy snacks (routine). which makes us feel happy (reward). The reward makes us much more likely to continue the cycle. and the bad habit of depending on unhealthy snacks is formed. To help us succeed in changing our bad habits, we must first examine our bad habit cycles and then try to change them. Besides, we may find it hard to change bad habits quickly. In fact, the most successful way to change is not suddenly, but over a period of time. For young people, there is lots of time to change bad habits. However. there is no”magic pill”:you have to think about your bad habits and decide on some changes. You have the power to build a happy and healthy life full of good habits! 1．Which of the following means”the three periods of the habit cycle”? A． B． C． D． 2．Why is it important to stop harmful habits from controlling a teenager’s life? A．Because teenagers can’t make their own decisions. B．Because bad habits are easy to form and may cause more serious ones. C．Because changing bad habits is very easy. D．Because teenagers don’t have any bad habits. 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．Repeating a choice is a good way to change bad habits. B．It’s not important to examine the bad habits cycles. C．Young people can change habits easily. D．It takes a period of time to change bad habits. 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．The importance of forming good habits. B．Suggestions for young people’s lifestyles. C．How to change bad habits for a healthy life. D．What to do to avoid forming unhealthy habits. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文主要讲了青少年习惯养成与改变的过程，介绍了习惯循环的三个阶段，并说明了如何改变不良习惯以拥有健康生活。 1．细节理解题。根据文章中对习惯循环（habit cycle）的描述：“Firstly, there is a ‘cue...Secondly, there is a ‘routine’...Thirdly, there is the ‘reward’...” 可知，习惯循环的三个阶段是 Cue（信号）→ Routine（常规行为）→ Reward（奖励）。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“However, during this period, it can be easy for them to form bad habits. These bad habits, if we don’t change them, could cause more serious ones when they become adults, so stop harmful habits from controlling a teenager’s life is important.” 可知，不良习惯容易形成，且若不改变会在成年后引发更严重的问题。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“In fact, the most successful way to change is not suddenly, but over a period of time.” 可知，改变不良习惯需要一段时间，并非一蹴而就。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。文章从青少年易养成不良习惯入手，分析习惯循环的机制，进而说明如何改变不良习惯以拥有健康的生活。因此，文章主要内容是 “如何改变不良习惯以获得健康生活”。故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $