精品解析：江苏南京市中华中学2026-2027学年第一学期调研试卷（二）高二英语试题

南京市中华中学2026-2027学年第一学期调研试卷（二） 高二 英语 考试时间：120分钟   满分：150分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）  做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. What has the man decided about the skiing holiday? A. To invite his grandparents along. B. To change it to another time. C. To go without the children. 2. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Doctor and patient.   B. Receptionist and client.  C. Bus driver and passenger. 3. What’s the man’s concern about Zootopia 2? A. It’s not creative enough.   B. Judy and Nick aren’t funny.  C. New characters aren’t vivid. 4. What surprises the man? A. Fireworks are used for many events. B. Fireworks are rarely seen at weddings. C. Fireworks are most popular on Diwali. 5. What does the woman mean? A. James is a slow learner. B. James is capable of the job. C. James is too cautious sometimes. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6. How is the man feeling? A. Angry.     B. Nervous.     C. Excited. 7. Where is this conversation probably taking place? A. At home.     B. At a ticket office.   C. At a concert venue. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8. Why is the man returning the book early? A. He found it too boring.    B. He’s read something similar.  C. He finished reading it in no time. 9. How long did the breathing exercise take the man in total? A. 14 seconds.    B. 50 seconds.     C. 70 seconds. 10. What does the man think of the book? A. Helpful.     B. Challenging.    C. Humorous. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 11. Why does the man describe Hanfu as meaningful? A. It’s popular for weddings. B. It makes history feel closer. C. It’s comfortable to wear every day. 12. What does the woman suggest is special about music? A. It tells stories about performers. B. It makes an impression without words. C. It depends on language understanding. 13. Which belief do the speakers share? A. Some traditions are no longer useful. B. All traditions should be taught in school. C. Traditions connect with people differently. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 14. What are the speakers mainly discussing? A. Causes of work stress. B. Benefits of using animals to relax. C. Ways to organize team-building events. 15. What positive result has the woman noticed? A. Most staff reported higher productivity. B. All employees overcame their fear of dogs. C. Team discussions became more open and relaxed. 16. What does the man think of the activity in the end? A. He’s interested in trying it. B. He’s unsure if it would work. C. He’s worried about potential problems. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17. What changed the speaker’s view on effort? A. Practicing harder every day.  B. Failing language exams.  C. Learning a new theory. 18. What’s the reason some schools focus on effort? A. To improve students’ results. B. To encourage smarter strategies. C. To teach students about fixed talent. 19. What concerns researchers about the growth mindset? A. It can be misunderstood as a complete solution. B. It encourages students to work alone. C. It makes people afraid to take risks. 20. Why does the speaker talk about his son? A. To prove the importance of learning languages. B. To show the effect of the growth mindset. C. To explain how to improve exam grades. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A If you are a high school student who loves writing, a creative writing summer camp can give you the opportunity to focus intensively on your craft. Whether you are interested in fiction, poetry, nonfiction, or playwriting, this program enables you to explore your chosen area in depth and develop your writing skills through regular practice. The Teen Summer Writing Fellowship at GrubStreet is a three-week program that brings together high school writers to practice and experiment with different forms of writing. Participants engage in the world of literature while exploring fiction, nonfiction, poetry, screenwriting, and genres and styles such as suspense fiction, poetic novels, and magical realism. Each day, they take part in writing sessions, feedback workshops, open-mic readings, and talks by guest authors. The program also introduces participants to the publishing world and offers guidance on pursuing a career in writing. It concludes with a final presentation of their work. Participants can also sign up for a fourth or fifth week to help edit and format pieces for the YAWP (Young Adult Writers & Poets) Anthology, a collection of writing by teens who have participated in GrubStreet’s previous summer programs. 1. What can students do at the creative writing camp? A. Chair feedback workshops.      B. Publish their prior works. C. Interview previous campers.      D. Explore various literary forms. 2. What should participants do if they want to help with the YAWP Anthology? A. Apply for the camp in July.      B. Stay in the program after August 8. C. Pay extra fees for two more weeks.    D. Present their works to guest authors. 3. What is the purpose of the text? A. To advocate creative writing.      B. To introduce a writing program. C. To appeal to fiction lovers.      D. To search for literary talents. B 14-year-old Philo Farnsworth wasn’t looking up at the sky while plowing(犁) the field at his father’s farm. He was looking down at the straight furrows(沟) that coursed over the earth. That’s when he had a sudden insight: The same way the plow went back and forth over the field, an image could be scanned electronically and then transmitted(传输) line by line, much like furrows in a field. It was a vision of the first transmittable TV image. Born in 1906 in a small apartment, he grew up in a family that moved constantly. His formal education was often interrupted, but he had something that couldn’t be taught in any classroom: an almost supernatural ability to see how things worked. By age 12, he had built an electric motor from scratch. At 13, he was repairing neighbors’ radios and electric appliances for pocket money. His teachers quickly realized they were dealing with something extraordinary. He briefly attended college, but his mind was on television, and so he dropped out and began looking for somebody to fund his ideas. That opportunity came, and he traveled to Berkeley, California, to set up shop. The TV tube Philo then developed would become the standard in broadcasting. Yet Philo spent years defending his patent and rebuilding his business after an economic crash. Like all of us, he had his share of challenges, perhaps more. But he kept pushing forward and registered hundreds of patents. Finally, on July 21, 1969, Neil Armstrong stepped out of Apollo 11 onto the moon’s surface in an area called the Sea of Tranquility. Philo Farnsworth was sitting in his living room with his wife Pem, watching the live feed—the image transmitting quickly, row by row like the furrows in a field. He turned to her and said: “Pem, this has made it all worthwhile.” 4. What was inspired by the furrows in the field? A. A type of farming equipment. B. A way of high production. C. A model of a transmitter. D. A method of image transmission. 5. What aspect about Philo amazed his teachers? A. His devotion to science. B. His genius in engineering. C. His expertise in finance. D. His popularity in the neighborhood. 6. Which of the following best summarizes Philo’s life in the 3rd paragraph? A. A hard-won victory over adversities. B. A struggle against financial setbacks. C. A leap from college dropout to celebrity. D. A lifelong pursuit of academic excellence. 7. Which of the following is a suitable title for the passage? A. From Farm Boy to Wealthy Inventor B. Bring the Moon to Your Living Room C. The Vision That Was Born on the Moon D. The Dropout Who Challenged the World C Most of us were raised to think that smart people always know the right answers. From gold stars in school to performance reviews in the office, we’re rewarded for certainty. Yet as Bidhan Parmar, professor at the UVA Darden School of Business, argues in his new book, Radical Doubt, “Certainty somehow blinds us. The only thing that spoon-feeding teaches us is the shape of a spoon”. His point is unsettling: The very habits we rely on to feel smart — rushing toward the final goals, simplifying complex problems, sugar-coating our initial reactions — are the ones that keep us from making wise choices. The hardest problems we face in life, whether in careers, relationships, or society, rarely come with single right answers. They’re what Parmar calls “moments of unease”: multi-criteria choices that involve competing goals, high risks, and deep uncertainty. The old playbook of being a “right-answer getter” not only fails here, but backfires. As Parmar explains, “We often treat complex problems like simple ones until we are faced with the reality.” Our personal and professional environments are more uncertain than ever. Technology evolves faster than regulation, workplaces are more diverse, and social standards are shifting. I’ve watched firsthand that seasoned leaders ignore warning signs because they were addicted to “feeling right.” They simplified the situation when they should have paused or explored, and missed the opportunity that doubt was pointing them toward. Our brains run on interconnected systems: the Pursue system (seek rewards), the Protect system (avoid threats), and the Pause-and-Piece-Together system (engage doubt and reframe). Prior evidence-based studies report that most of us let the first two dominate, charging ahead or withdrawing in fear. Grounded in behavioral science, the wiser move is to take enough time to notice complexity, question assumptions, and treat our intuition (直觉) not as the only decision but as an alternative. In practice, this means holding competing goals side by side, and learning to say not “I know,” but “I’m learning.” 8. What is implied by mentioning the spoon-feeding? A. Certainty might ruin decision-making. B. Average people can learn few facts. C. Smart habits secure positive outcomes. D. Simple tools secretly boost creativity. 9. Which might be a “moment of unease”? A. Profiting from stable investments with spare funds. B. Trying to find a job overseas when a parent falls ill. C. Treating difficult problems with one’s first intuition. D. Continuing to develop in one’s familiar research field. 10. What can make leaders fail according to the author? A. Shifting standards. B. Lacking experience. C. Ignoring principles. D. Overlooking doubts. 11. What is mainly talked about in the last paragraph? A. Intuition types and brain functions. B. Initial doubts and competing goals. C. Brain systems and connection forms. D. Scientific theories and workable tips. D Some of the biggest challenges in artificial intelligence are being worked on not by computer scientists but by philosophers. The philosophers are tasked with making the next generation of models more capable and reliable, but they also shed light on the mystery of consciousness. Jonathan Birch at the London School of Economics and Political Science says AI companies are the big employers of philosophy PhDs right now. “Topics that have been researched in philosophy departments for decades — how to make rational decisions, what counts as reasoning, what counts as evidence of consciousness — are suddenly of massive value to AI companies,” says Birch. One of the key tasks for this crop of philosophers is alignment, the AI industry term for efforts to stop harmful content — such as revealing instructions on how to make bombs. Efforts to stop AI models giving dangerous outputs were initially focused around putting in simple black-and-white guardrails (护栏), such as forbidding a model from talking about bombs entirely. But these proved clumsy and easy to circumvent. Now, companies are pursuing more advanced methods which lean heavily on philosophical understanding of right and wrong. However, it’s rarely straightforward. Researchers have found that if you tell a model to break a rule in one specific situation, it will start breaking lots of other rules, says Shane Glackin at the University of Exeter in the UK. And understanding why is exactly the sort of problem that philosophy’s logical analysis can crack. Mahrad Almotahari at the University of Edinburgh sees value in philosophy expertise for technology firms, but is sceptical that the toughest questions of machine consciousness will be answered by them. Others see a potential problem on the horizon, with industry hiring philosophers eventually leading to biased research that serves the interests of technology companies. “I wish we had made more progress on the big questions of philosophy before the arrival of AI. If we had, we would have been better prepared. AI has now given these questions massive urgency, and yet, the answers still seem far away,” says Birch. 12. What phenomenon is presented in the first two paragraphs? A. Computer scientists are losing their jobs. B. Philosophers outperform computer scientists. C. Philosophy PhDs are favored in the job market. D. AI companies are turning to philosophy for help. 13. What does the underlined word “circumvent” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Take over. B. Get around. C. Pick up. D. Push forward. 14. How do the training methods of large language models shift? A. From theory analysis to practical use. B. From technical fixes to logical analysis. C. From rigid rules to moral reasoning. D. From simple tasks to complex situations. 15. What question does the text center on? A. Will philosophers win in the battle for better AI? B. Can the problems in AI be solved by philosophy? C. How can philosophers transform the AI industry? D. Why do AI companies prefer philosophers to coders? 第二节：（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 “We are what we eat” — or so the saying goes. From high-calorie meals to low-fat lunches, much of our health depends on what we eat. ____16____ However, a growing body of evidence suggests that our mental well-being is also deeply influenced by how we prepare our food — the act of cooking itself. Some people are now advocating the therapeutic (疗法的) value of cooking food. It’s not just about the end result but the experience someone goes through. ____17____ They help patients develop planning skills, short-term memory and social skills — all of which suffer in mental illness. TV chef and author Nadiya Hussain agrees that cooking is great for helping our mind. She loves to bake and became the champion of the TV show, The Great British Bake Off. She says that baking has never really been about the cake. ____18____ And she thinks that baking is an important tool for our socialization. Cooking some delicious food has helped some of us get through hard times; it’s helped take our mind off things and given us something to do. ____19____ Nicole Farmer, who studies how food impacts our behaviour and mental health, told BBC online that “cooking represents the shared human experience of taking care of people through food, so I think that’s where it creates positive emotions.” ____20____ As we start to mix with friends and family in the kitchen, we can put us all in the right frame of mind and enjoy the benefits of those shared moments. A. Cooking can also be a highly sociable activity. B. Actually, tasty food is linked to positive feelings. C. What matters is the sense of calm that baking brings. D. Baking and cooking have been confirmed as good therapies. E. For a long time, the focus has been on food’s nutritional value. F. Altogether, cooking benefits both our physical and mental well-being. G. Studies also show that creative tasks like cooking can boost happiness. 第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节：（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Behind the city of Colorado Springs stands a mountain which is popular among local hikers. The ____21____ hiker is generally always told that the hike will take all day to go up and back. He is told to start early and to set a strong, steady pace for the journey will be ____22____. The hiker who follows this advice and plans accordingly can be easily ____23____ and even become angry or confused on ____24____ the beginning of the trail, because he can see that the hike to the summit (山顶) and back would take far less than half a day easily at even the most relaxed ____25____. And so he ____26____ his plans. He climbs up the trail wandering frequently from the path, taking many side-trips. He stops to play and to ____27____ on some of the supplies he brings since he won’t need so much for such a short trip. This he does ____28____ about half way through the day when he finally climbs to the summit only to discover that it is his eyes that have ____29____ him and not the words of those who have gone before. For he now stands on a false summit which has ____30____ his view of the higher summit far above. Realizing his lack of foresight, this hiker now quickly ____31____ his time and decides that if he pushes himself hard enough he can still make it to the summit. And so he ____32____ at a wild pace, crashing through the bush until at last he reaches his destination and looks up at still another summit. You see, the mountain has two ____33____ summits, both of which must be traveled over before reaching the real goal. It getting dark, our exhausted hiker has no choice but to return sadly. He will try again another day. ____34____, we are not so fortunate in our journey through life. There are many false summits, and if you struggle for only those goals which you can see, you will fall far short of the ____35____ goal. 21. A. crazy B. anxious C. fortunate D. inexperienced 22. A. exciting B. difficult C. boring D. smooth 23. A. satisfied B. terrified C. amazed D. disappointed 24. A. reaching B. changing C. imagining D. choosing 25. A. pace B. mood C. tone D. breath 26. A. makes B. changes C. forgets D. remembers 27. A. drop B. count C. snack D. concentrate 28. A. until B. since C. after D. before 29. A. shocked B. cheated C. helped D. guided 30. A. hidden B. caught C. blocked D. broadened 31. A. realizes B. recalls C. reproduces D. reevaluates 32. A. sets off B. turns up C. catches up D. brings about 33. A. high B. false C. beautiful D. dangerous 34. A. Besides B. However C. Therefore D. Meanwhile 35. A. genuine B. specific C. ambitious D. immediate 第二节：（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The wrapper of a six-decade-old Chinese milk candy has become an unlikely social media sensation in the West. White Rabbit, a household name in China since its launch in 1959, emerged at a time of material scarcity, ____36____ sweets were a rare luxury. Although the times have improved, its packaging has remained ____37____ (virtual) unchanged. The wrapper, featuring a ____38____ (seat) white rabbit against a red background and framed by blue-and-white rabbit motifs (图案), is now drawing millions of views overseas. A post, describing the wrapper as a “masterstroke of graphic design”, has gained about 6 million views and 265,000 ____39____ (like) since. The comments section has been flooded with user creations — tattoos, T-shirts and phone cases, all ____40____ (feature) the iconic white rabbit. The trend has also spread to more platforms, reviving interest ____41____ other vintage (老式的) Chinese packaging. The wrapper’s immense appeal ____42____ (credit) to its visual language — bold primary colors, a simple composition and animal motifs — which requires no specific cultural knowledge for interpretation and is aesthetically accessible across cultures. Shi Anbin, who studies China’s cultural influence abroad, linked the craze to ____43____ he described as a broader #BecomingChinese or #Chinamaxxing movement on social media, in which young people overseas have embraced Chinese lifestyle practices ranging from drinking hot water to wearing casual sandals. The wrapper’s going viral reflects Generation Z’s growing ____44____ (appreciate) for Chinese aesthetics, showing that vintage designs with cultural depth can strike ____45____ emotional chord in an era dominated by artificial intelligence-generated content. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友John的原创歌曲在网络上迅速走红，他正在考虑如何平衡自己的学习和音乐梦想，为此发来邮件询问你的建议。请你写信给他回复，内容包括： 1. 提出建议；2. 表达鼓励与支持。 注意：  1. 词数80左右，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear John, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 （满分25分）  47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Over the years, Mom and I seemed to live on different schedules. I left early for school, stayed late for clubs, and disappeared into my room after dinner. Mom managed a neighborhood bakery and often came home smelling faintly of flour and coffee. We talked, of course, but mostly about practical things — homework, tests, and whether I had remembered my keys. Lately, even those conversations had grown shorter. A new bakery had opened across the street from Mom’s shop, drawing away customers with its bright windows and fashionable desserts. Mom never complained, but I noticed the unopened bills beside her laptop and the tired way she rubbed her forehead at night. At first, I worried about her. Soon, however, school filled my attention again. Mom’s problems belonged to the adult world, I told myself. That Friday, I stayed after school to help prepare for our spring arts festival. My job was to paint a huge paper backdrop (背景幕布) for the stage. Unfortunately, the sunset I had imagined turned into a mess of orange and purple. Frustrated, I carried the half-finished backdrop home, planning to hide it in the garage and start over the next morning. Mom arrived while I was carelessly spreading it across the garage floor. She looked extremely tired. I expected her to walk straight inside. Instead, she stopped. For several seconds, she stared at my crooked (不直的) buildings and strangely colored sky. Then her expression softened. “I used to paint,” she said quietly. I almost laughed, thinking she was joking. After we stepped into the house, Mom pulled open an old drawer in her bedroom and took out a dusty wooden box. Inside lay brushes, colorful paints, and a photograph of a much younger mom standing proudly beside a beautiful painting. I had never seen that part of her. She picked up one of the brushes, then hesitated. “It’s been years.” Something in her voice made me move aside and hand her a blue paint. 注意： (1) 续写词数应为150个左右； (2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Eventually, I persuaded Mom to help me make changes to the painting on the backdrop. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After the backdrop won recognition, we decided to paint on one window of the bakery together. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 南京市中华中学2026-2027学年第一学期调研试卷（二） 高二 英语 考试时间：120分钟   满分：150分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）  做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. What has the man decided about the skiing holiday? A. To invite his grandparents along. B. To change it to another time. C. To go without the children. 2. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Doctor and patient.   B. Receptionist and client.  C. Bus driver and passenger. 3. What’s the man’s concern about Zootopia 2? A. It’s not creative enough.   B. Judy and Nick aren’t funny.  C. New characters aren’t vivid. 4. What surprises the man? A. Fireworks are used for many events. B. Fireworks are rarely seen at weddings. C. Fireworks are most popular on Diwali. 5. What does the woman mean? A. James is a slow learner. B. James is capable of the job. C. James is too cautious sometimes. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6. How is the man feeling? A. Angry.     B. Nervous.     C. Excited. 7. Where is this conversation probably taking place? A. At home.     B. At a ticket office.   C. At a concert venue. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8. Why is the man returning the book early? A. He found it too boring.    B. He’s read something similar.  C. He finished reading it in no time. 9. How long did the breathing exercise take the man in total? A. 14 seconds.    B. 50 seconds.     C. 70 seconds. 10. What does the man think of the book? A. Helpful.     B. Challenging.    C. Humorous. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 11. Why does the man describe Hanfu as meaningful? A. It’s popular for weddings. B. It makes history feel closer. C. It’s comfortable to wear every day. 12. What does the woman suggest is special about music? A. It tells stories about performers. B. It makes an impression without words. C. It depends on language understanding. 13. Which belief do the speakers share? A. Some traditions are no longer useful. B. All traditions should be taught in school. C. Traditions connect with people differently. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 14. What are the speakers mainly discussing? A. Causes of work stress. B. Benefits of using animals to relax. C. Ways to organize team-building events. 15. What positive result has the woman noticed? A. Most staff reported higher productivity. B. All employees overcame their fear of dogs. C. Team discussions became more open and relaxed. 16. What does the man think of the activity in the end? A. He’s interested in trying it. B. He’s unsure if it would work. C. He’s worried about potential problems. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17. What changed the speaker’s view on effort? A. Practicing harder every day.  B. Failing language exams.  C. Learning a new theory. 18. What’s the reason some schools focus on effort? A. To improve students’ results. B. To encourage smarter strategies. C. To teach students about fixed talent. 19. What concerns researchers about the growth mindset? A. It can be misunderstood as a complete solution. B. It encourages students to work alone. C. It makes people afraid to take risks. 20. Why does the speaker talk about his son? A. To prove the importance of learning languages. B. To show the effect of the growth mindset. C. To explain how to improve exam grades. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A If you are a high school student who loves writing, a creative writing summer camp can give you the opportunity to focus intensively on your craft. Whether you are interested in fiction, poetry, nonfiction, or playwriting, this program enables you to explore your chosen area in depth and develop your writing skills through regular practice. The Teen Summer Writing Fellowship at GrubStreet is a three-week program that brings together high school writers to practice and experiment with different forms of writing. Participants engage in the world of literature while exploring fiction, nonfiction, poetry, screenwriting, and genres and styles such as suspense fiction, poetic novels, and magical realism. Each day, they take part in writing sessions, feedback workshops, open-mic readings, and talks by guest authors. The program also introduces participants to the publishing world and offers guidance on pursuing a career in writing. It concludes with a final presentation of their work. Participants can also sign up for a fourth or fifth week to help edit and format pieces for the YAWP (Young Adult Writers & Poets) Anthology, a collection of writing by teens who have participated in GrubStreet’s previous summer programs. 1. What can students do at the creative writing camp? A. Chair feedback workshops.      B. Publish their prior works. C. Interview previous campers.      D. Explore various literary forms. 2. What should participants do if they want to help with the YAWP Anthology? A. Apply for the camp in July.      B. Stay in the program after August 8. C. Pay extra fees for two more weeks.    D. Present their works to guest authors. 3. What is the purpose of the text? A. To advocate creative writing.      B. To introduce a writing program. C. To appeal to fiction lovers.      D. To search for literary talents. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍的是GrubStreet举办的青少年暑期写作研习项目，包含项目内容、时间、地点、申请截止日期等相关信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Participants engage in the world of literature while exploring fiction, nonfiction, poetry, screenwriting, and genres and styles such as suspense fiction, poetic novels, and magical realism. (参与者探索小说、非小说、诗歌、编剧以及悬疑小说、诗性小说和魔幻现实主义等体裁和风格，从而融入文学世界。)”可知，学生在创意写作夏令营可以探索各种文学形式。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Participants can also sign up for a fourth or fifth week to help edit and format pieces for the YAWP (Young Adult Writers & Poets) Anthology, a collection of writing by teens who have participated in GrubStreet’s previous summer programs. (参与者还可以报名第四周或第五周，帮助编辑和排版YAWP（青少年作家与诗人）文集，该文集收录了曾参加GrubStreet以往暑期项目的青少年的作品。)”和图片中Program Dates部分“July 21-August 8, with an option to participate in a 4th and/or 5th week (7月21日至8月8日，可选择参加第四周和/或第五周)”以及“Optional Anthology Production 4th Week: August 11-15 (可选文集制作第四周：8月11日至15日)”和“Optional All-YAWP Anthology 5th Week: August 18-22 (可选All-YAWP文集第五周：8月18日至22日)”可知，如果参与者想帮助完成YAWP文集，他们需要在8月8日之后继续留在项目中。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“If you are a high school student who loves writing, a creative writing summer camp can give you the opportunity to focus intensively on your craft. (如果你是一个热爱写作的高中生，创意写作夏令营可以让你有机会专注于你的写作技艺。)”以及全文内容可知，本文的目的是介绍一个写作项目。 B 14-year-old Philo Farnsworth wasn’t looking up at the sky while plowing(犁) the field at his father’s farm. He was looking down at the straight furrows(沟) that coursed over the earth. That’s when he had a sudden insight: The same way the plow went back and forth over the field, an image could be scanned electronically and then transmitted(传输) line by line, much like furrows in a field. It was a vision of the first transmittable TV image. Born in 1906 in a small apartment, he grew up in a family that moved constantly. His formal education was often interrupted, but he had something that couldn’t be taught in any classroom: an almost supernatural ability to see how things worked. By age 12, he had built an electric motor from scratch. At 13, he was repairing neighbors’ radios and electric appliances for pocket money. His teachers quickly realized they were dealing with something extraordinary. He briefly attended college, but his mind was on television, and so he dropped out and began looking for somebody to fund his ideas. That opportunity came, and he traveled to Berkeley, California, to set up shop. The TV tube Philo then developed would become the standard in broadcasting. Yet Philo spent years defending his patent and rebuilding his business after an economic crash. Like all of us, he had his share of challenges, perhaps more. But he kept pushing forward and registered hundreds of patents. Finally, on July 21, 1969, Neil Armstrong stepped out of Apollo 11 onto the moon’s surface in an area called the Sea of Tranquility. Philo Farnsworth was sitting in his living room with his wife Pem, watching the live feed—the image transmitting quickly, row by row like the furrows in a field. He turned to her and said: “Pem, this has made it all worthwhile.” 4. What was inspired by the furrows in the field? A. A type of farming equipment. B. A way of high production. C. A model of a transmitter. D. A method of image transmission. 5. What aspect about Philo amazed his teachers? A. His devotion to science. B. His genius in engineering. C. His expertise in finance. D. His popularity in the neighborhood. 6. Which of the following best summarizes Philo’s life in the 3rd paragraph? A. A hard-won victory over adversities. B. A struggle against financial setbacks. C. A leap from college dropout to celebrity. D. A lifelong pursuit of academic excellence. 7. Which of the following is a suitable title for the passage? A. From Farm Boy to Wealthy Inventor B. Bring the Moon to Your Living Room C. The Vision That Was Born on the Moon D. The Dropout Who Challenged the World 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了14岁的Philo Farnsworth在农场耕地时受到田垄的启发，有了图像传输的想法，后来他成功研发出电视显像管，经历诸多挑战后，最终看到阿波罗11号登月的实时画面，感慨一切付出都值得。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“That’s when he had a sudden insight: The same way the plow went back and forth over the field, an image could be scanned electronically and then transmitted line by line, much like furrows in a field. It was a vision of the first transmittable (传输)TV image.(就在那时，他有了一个突然的领悟：就像犁在田地里来回耕作一样，图像可以通过电子扫描，然后逐行传输，就像田地里的田垄一样。这是对第一个可传输的电视图像的构想)”可知，田地里的田垄启发了图像传输的方法。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“By age 12, he had built an electric motor from scratch. At 13, he was repairing neighbors’ radios and electric appliances for pocket money.His teachers quickly realized they were dealing with something extraordinary.(12岁时，他就从零开始制造了一台电动机。13岁时，他开始为邻居修理收音机和电器来赚零花钱。他的老师们很快意识到，他们面对的是一个非凡的人。)”可知，Philo在工程方面的天赋让老师们感到惊讶。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Yet Philo spent years defending his patent and rebuilding his business after an economic crash. Like all of us, he had his share of challenges, perhaps more. But he kept pushing forward and registered hundreds of patents.(然而，在一次经济崩溃后，Philo花了数年时间维护自己的专利并重建自己的企业。像我们所有人一样，他也面临过种种挑战，或许更多。但他不断前进，注册了数百项专利)”可知，Philo的生活充满了挑战，但他始终坚持前行，最终取得了成功，可推理出这体现了他在逆境中来之不易的胜利。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段中“Finally, on July 21, 1969, Neil Armstrong stepped out of Apollo 11 onto the moon’s surface in an area called the Sea of Tranquility.(最终，1969年7月21日，尼尔·阿姆斯特朗从阿波罗11号飞船踏上月球表面，降落在一个名为宁静海的地方)”以及最后一段中“Philo Farnsworth was sitting in his living room with his wife Pem, watching the live feed—the image transmitting quickly, row by row like the furrows in a field.(Philo Farnsworth和妻子Pem坐在客厅里，观看现场直播——图像一行接一行地快速传输，就像田地里的田垄一样)”可知，文章最后提到Philo在自己的客厅里通过自己发明的图像传输技术，观看到了登月的实时画面，B项“Bring the Moon to Your Living Room(把月亮带进客厅)”形象地概括了这一情节，同时也体现了他发明的电视技术的重大意义，最适合作为文章标题。 C Most of us were raised to think that smart people always know the right answers. From gold stars in school to performance reviews in the office, we’re rewarded for certainty. Yet as Bidhan Parmar, professor at the UVA Darden School of Business, argues in his new book, Radical Doubt, “Certainty somehow blinds us. The only thing that spoon-feeding teaches us is the shape of a spoon”. His point is unsettling: The very habits we rely on to feel smart — rushing toward the final goals, simplifying complex problems, sugar-coating our initial reactions — are the ones that keep us from making wise choices. The hardest problems we face in life, whether in careers, relationships, or society, rarely come with single right answers. They’re what Parmar calls “moments of unease”: multi-criteria choices that involve competing goals, high risks, and deep uncertainty. The old playbook of being a “right-answer getter” not only fails here, but backfires. As Parmar explains, “We often treat complex problems like simple ones until we are faced with the reality.” Our personal and professional environments are more uncertain than ever. Technology evolves faster than regulation, workplaces are more diverse, and social standards are shifting. I’ve watched firsthand that seasoned leaders ignore warning signs because they were addicted to “feeling right.” They simplified the situation when they should have paused or explored, and missed the opportunity that doubt was pointing them toward. Our brains run on interconnected systems: the Pursue system (seek rewards), the Protect system (avoid threats), and the Pause-and-Piece-Together system (engage doubt and reframe). Prior evidence-based studies report that most of us let the first two dominate, charging ahead or withdrawing in fear. Grounded in behavioral science, the wiser move is to take enough time to notice complexity, question assumptions, and treat our intuition (直觉) not as the only decision but as an alternative. In practice, this means holding competing goals side by side, and learning to say not “I know,” but “I’m learning.” 8. What is implied by mentioning the spoon-feeding? A. Certainty might ruin decision-making. B. Average people can learn few facts. C. Smart habits secure positive outcomes. D. Simple tools secretly boost creativity. 9. Which might be a “moment of unease”? A. Profiting from stable investments with spare funds. B. Trying to find a job overseas when a parent falls ill. C. Treating difficult problems with one’s first intuition. D. Continuing to develop in one’s familiar research field. 10. What can make leaders fail according to the author? A. Shifting standards. B. Lacking experience. C. Ignoring principles. D. Overlooking doubts. 11. What is mainly talked about in the last paragraph? A. Intuition types and brain functions. B. Initial doubts and competing goals. C. Brain systems and connection forms. D. Scientific theories and workable tips. 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。主要阐述了人们常被教导追求确定答案，但这会阻碍明智决策。复杂问题无唯一解，过度追求确定性易适得其反。应善用大脑的审慎系统，拥抱怀疑，以学习心态应对不确定性。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Yet as Bidhan Parmar, professor at the UVA Darden School of Business, argues in his new book, Radical Doubt, “Certainty somehow blinds us. The only thing that spoon-feeding teaches us is the shape of a spoon”. His point is unsettling: The very habits we rely on to feel smart — rushing toward the final goals, simplifying complex problems, sugar-coating our initial reactions — are the ones that keep us from making wise choices.(然而，正如弗吉尼亚大学达顿商学院的布迪安·帕尔马尔教授在其新书《激进的怀疑》中所指出的那样：“确定性会让我们变得盲目。一味地灌输所教会我们的，不过是勺子的形状而已”。他的观点令人不安：我们赖以自认为聪明的那些习惯——急于追求最终目标、简化复杂问题、美化最初的反应——恰恰是那些阻碍我们做出明智选择的习惯)”可知，提到“填鸭式教育”所隐含的意思是过分的确定性可能会破坏决策过程。故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“They’re what Parmar calls “moments of unease”: multi-criteria choices that involve competing goals, high risks, and deep uncertainty.(这就是帕尔玛所说的“不安时刻”：这类决策涉及多重标准，包含相互冲突的目标、巨大的风险以及极大的不确定性)”可知，“不安时刻”涉及多重标准，包含相互冲突的目标、巨大的风险以及极大的不确定性。B选项“当父母生病时，却试图去国外找工作”符合“不安时刻”的描述。故选B。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“I’ve watched firsthand that seasoned leaders ignore warning signs because they were addicted to “feeling right.” They simplified the situation when they should have paused or explored, and missed the opportunity that doubt was pointing them toward.(我亲眼目睹过一些经验丰富的领导者会忽视那些警示信号，因为他们过于执着于“感觉是对的”这种想法。他们本应停下来或深入探究，却选择了简化问题，从而错失了那些由怀疑所指向的机遇)”可知，导致领导者失败的原因是忽视疑虑。故选D。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Our brains run on interconnected systems: the Pursue system (seek rewards), the Protect system (avoid threats), and the Pause-and-Piece-Together system (engage doubt and reframe). Prior evidence-based studies report that most of us let the first two dominate, charging ahead or withdrawing in fear. Grounded in behavioral science, the wiser move is to take enough time to notice complexity, question assumptions, and treat our intuition (直觉) not as the only decision but as an alternative. In practice, this means holding competing goals side by side, and learning to say not “I know,” but “I’m learning.”(我们的大脑由相互关联的系统构成：追求系统（寻求奖励）、保护系统（避免威胁）以及暂停并整合系统（质疑并重新审视）。以往基于实证的研究表明，我们大多数人往往让前两个系统占据主导地位，要么勇往直前，要么因恐惧而退缩。从行为科学的角度来看，更明智的做法是花足够的时间去留意复杂性、质疑假设，并将我们的直觉（直觉）视为一种可供选择的决策方式，而非唯一的决定依据。实际上，这意味着要同时兼顾相互冲突的目标，并学会说“我正在学习”，而非“我知道”)”可知，最后一段主要谈论了科学理论与实用建议。故选D。 D Some of the biggest challenges in artificial intelligence are being worked on not by computer scientists but by philosophers. The philosophers are tasked with making the next generation of models more capable and reliable, but they also shed light on the mystery of consciousness. Jonathan Birch at the London School of Economics and Political Science says AI companies are the big employers of philosophy PhDs right now. “Topics that have been researched in philosophy departments for decades — how to make rational decisions, what counts as reasoning, what counts as evidence of consciousness — are suddenly of massive value to AI companies,” says Birch. One of the key tasks for this crop of philosophers is alignment, the AI industry term for efforts to stop harmful content — such as revealing instructions on how to make bombs. Efforts to stop AI models giving dangerous outputs were initially focused around putting in simple black-and-white guardrails (护栏), such as forbidding a model from talking about bombs entirely. But these proved clumsy and easy to circumvent. Now, companies are pursuing more advanced methods which lean heavily on philosophical understanding of right and wrong. However, it’s rarely straightforward. Researchers have found that if you tell a model to break a rule in one specific situation, it will start breaking lots of other rules, says Shane Glackin at the University of Exeter in the UK. And understanding why is exactly the sort of problem that philosophy’s logical analysis can crack. Mahrad Almotahari at the University of Edinburgh sees value in philosophy expertise for technology firms, but is sceptical that the toughest questions of machine consciousness will be answered by them. Others see a potential problem on the horizon, with industry hiring philosophers eventually leading to biased research that serves the interests of technology companies. “I wish we had made more progress on the big questions of philosophy before the arrival of AI. If we had, we would have been better prepared. AI has now given these questions massive urgency, and yet, the answers still seem far away,” says Birch. 12. What phenomenon is presented in the first two paragraphs? A. Computer scientists are losing their jobs. B. Philosophers outperform computer scientists. C. Philosophy PhDs are favored in the job market. D. AI companies are turning to philosophy for help. 13. What does the underlined word “circumvent” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Take over. B. Get around. C. Pick up. D. Push forward. 14. How do the training methods of large language models shift? A. From theory analysis to practical use. B. From technical fixes to logical analysis. C. From rigid rules to moral reasoning. D. From simple tasks to complex situations. 15. What question does the text center on? A. Will philosophers win in the battle for better AI? B. Can the problems in AI be solved by philosophy? C. How can philosophers transform the AI industry? D. Why do AI companies prefer philosophers to coders? 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍人工智能领域的部分难题正由哲学家参与解决，介绍哲学家在AI对齐任务中的作用，同时也提及学界对于哲学能否解决AI相关难题的不同看法。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Some of the biggest challenges in artificial intelligence are being worked on not by computer scientists but by philosophers.(人工智能领域一些最大的挑战不是由计算机科学家解决，而是由哲学家来攻克)”以及第二段“Jonathan Birch at the London School of Economics and Political Science says AI companies are the big employers of philosophy PhDs right now.(伦敦政治经济学院的乔纳森·伯奇表示，人工智能公司现在是哲学博士的主要雇主)”可知，文章前两段呈现的现象是人工智能公司正寻求哲学领域的帮助。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段“Efforts to stop AI models giving dangerous outputs were initially focused around putting in simple black-and-white guardrails (护栏), such as forbidding a model from talking about bombs entirely. But these proved clumsy and easy to circumvent.(阻止AI模型输出危险内容的做法最初侧重于设置简单非黑即白的护栏，例如完全禁止模型谈论炸弹。但事实证明这些方法笨拙，很容易circumvent)”，可知划线词上文提到了阻止AI模型输出危险内容的做法最初侧重于设置简单非黑即白的护栏，还提到了事实证明这些方法笨拙，可推理出这些方法很容易被绕过，所以划线词的含义为“绕过，避开”。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Now, companies are pursuing more advanced methods which lean heavily on philosophical understanding of right and wrong.(如今，企业正寻求更先进的方法，而这些方法在很大程度上依赖于对是非的哲学理解)”可知，企业正寻求更先进的方法，而这些方法在很大程度上依赖于对是非的哲学理解，可推理出大语言模型的训练方式从死板硬性规则转向依托道德是非推理。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Some of the biggest challenges in artificial intelligence are being worked on not by computer scientists but by philosophers.(人工智能领域一些最大的挑战不是由计算机科学家解决，而是由哲学家来攻克)”、第五段“Mahrad Almotahari at the University of Edinburgh sees value in philosophy expertise for technology firms, but is sceptical that the toughest questions of machine consciousness will be answered by them.(爱丁堡大学的马赫拉德·阿尔莫塔哈里认为，哲学专长对科技公司有着重要的价值，但他也怀疑这部分专家能否解答关于机器意识的最棘手的难题)”以及最后一段““I wish we had made more progress on the big questions of philosophy before the arrival of AI. If we had, we would have been better prepared. AI has now given these questions massive urgency, and yet, the answers still seem far away,” says Birch.(伯奇说：“我真希望在人工智能问世之前，我们在哲学重大问题上就已经取得更多进展。倘若那时做到了，我们本可以准备得更充分。如今人工智能让这些问题变得万分紧迫，可答案似乎依旧遥遥无期。”)”可知，人工智能领域一些最大的挑战是由哲学家来攻克的，专家希望在人工智能问世之前，在哲学重大问题上就已经取得更多进展，目前人工智能让哲学上的重大问题的解决问题变得万分紧迫，可答案似乎依旧遥遥无期，可知全文围绕哲学能不能解决人工智能中的各类问题展开。 第二节：（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 “We are what we eat” — or so the saying goes. From high-calorie meals to low-fat lunches, much of our health depends on what we eat. ____16____ However, a growing body of evidence suggests that our mental well-being is also deeply influenced by how we prepare our food — the act of cooking itself. Some people are now advocating the therapeutic (疗法的) value of cooking food. It’s not just about the end result but the experience someone goes through. ____17____ They help patients develop planning skills, short-term memory and social skills — all of which suffer in mental illness. TV chef and author Nadiya Hussain agrees that cooking is great for helping our mind. She loves to bake and became the champion of the TV show, The Great British Bake Off. She says that baking has never really been about the cake. ____18____ And she thinks that baking is an important tool for our socialization. Cooking some delicious food has helped some of us get through hard times; it’s helped take our mind off things and given us something to do. ____19____ Nicole Farmer, who studies how food impacts our behaviour and mental health, told BBC online that “cooking represents the shared human experience of taking care of people through food, so I think that’s where it creates positive emotions.” ____20____ As we start to mix with friends and family in the kitchen, we can put us all in the right frame of mind and enjoy the benefits of those shared moments. A. Cooking can also be a highly sociable activity. B. Actually, tasty food is linked to positive feelings. C. What matters is the sense of calm that baking brings. D. Baking and cooking have been confirmed as good therapies. E. For a long time, the focus has been on food’s nutritional value. F. Altogether, cooking benefits both our physical and mental well-being. G. Studies also show that creative tasks like cooking can boost happiness. 【答案】16. E 17. D 18. C 19. G 20. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了俗语“民以食为天”体现饮食对健康的影响，而越来越多证据表明烹饪本身亦深刻关乎心理健康。它兼具治疗价值、能带来平静与幸福感，还是社交活动，有益身心。 【16题详解】 根据上文““We are what we eat” — or so the saying goes. From high-calorie meals to low-fat lunches, much of our health depends on what we eat.(“我们吃什么就成为什么样的人”——这种说法是这么讲的。从高热量的餐食到低脂肪的午餐，我们的健康状况很大程度上取决于我们所吃的食物)”以及后文“However, a growing body of evidence suggests that our mental well-being is also deeply influenced by how we prepare our food — the act of cooking itself.(然而，越来越多的证据表明，我们的心理健康也深受我们烹饪方式的影响——也就是烹饪这一行为本身)”可知，前文提到“我们的健康很大程度上取决于饮食”，后文用“However”转折，强调“心理健康也受烹饪行为影响”。E项“长期以来，人们关注的是食物的营养价值”承接前文“饮食与健康”的话题，同时通过“长期关注营养”与后文“新发现烹饪影响心理”形成转折对比，逻辑衔接自然。故选E。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Some people are now advocating the therapeutic value of cooking food. It’s not just about the end result but the experience someone goes through.(如今，有一些人开始强调烹饪食物所具有的治疗作用。这不仅仅关乎最终的成果，更在于人们所经历的过程)”以及后文“They help patients develop planning skills, short-term memory and social skills — all of which suffer in mental illness.(它们帮助患者培养规划能力、短期记忆能力和社交能力——而这些能力在精神疾病患者身上往往会受到损害)”可知，本段核心是“烹饪的治疗价值”，前文提到“烹饪的体验而非结果更重要”，后文衔接“它们帮助患者培养规划能力、短期记忆和社交技能”。D项“烘焙和烹饪已被证实是有效的疗法”，既呼应“治疗价值”的主题，又为后文“帮助患者”的具体作用提供依据，承上启下。故选D。 【18题详解】 根据上文“TV chef and author Nadiya Hussain agrees that cooking is great for helping our mind. She loves to bake and became the champion of the TV show, The Great British Bake Off. She says that baking has never really been about the cake.(电视烹饪节目主持人兼作家纳迪亚·侯赛因认为烹饪对我们的大脑有益。她喜欢烘焙，并在电视节目《英国烘焙大赛》中夺冠。她表示，烘焙其实并非仅仅关乎蛋糕本身)”以及后文“And she thinks that baking is an important tool for our socialization. (而且她认为烘焙是促进我们社交的重要方式)”可知，前文引用Nadiya的观点“烘焙从来都不只是为了蛋糕”，C项“重要的是烘焙带来的平静感”直接解释了“不只是为了蛋糕”的核心——烘焙的心理价值，与后文“烘焙是社交的重要工具”共同构成Nadiya支持“烹饪有益心理”的理由，逻辑连贯。故选C。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Cooking some delicious food has helped some of us get through hard times; it’s helped take our mind off things and given us something to do.(做一些美味的食物曾帮助我们度过了一些艰难的时刻；它能让我们暂时忘却烦恼，还能给我们带来一些事情可做)”以及后文“Nicole Farmer, who studies how food impacts our behaviour and mental health, told BBC online that “cooking represents the shared human experience of taking care of people through food, so I think that’s where it creates positive emotions.”(研究食物如何影响我们的行为和心理健康的妮可·法默尔在接受BBC网站采访时表示：“烹饪代表着人类通过食物来关爱他人的共同经历，所以我认为这就是它能带来积极情绪的原因所在。”)”可知，前文提到“烹饪帮助我们度过困难时期，转移注意力”，后文引用Nicole的研究“烹饪通过照顾他人创造积极情绪”。G项“研究还表明，烹饪等创造性任务能提升幸福感”既承接前文“烹饪的心理作用”，又以“研究”引出后文专家观点，形成“具体体验—研究佐证—专家解读”的递进逻辑，“also”体现与前文的衔接。故选G。 【20题详解】 根据后文“As we start to mix with friends and family in the kitchen, we can put us all in the right frame of mind and enjoy the benefits of those shared moments.(当我们与亲朋好友在厨房里相聚时，我们能够让自己处于恰当的心境之中，从而享受那些共同时光所带来的种种好处)”可知，后文提到“当我们开始与朋友家人在厨房互动时，能保持良好心态，享受共享时光”，核心是“烹饪的社交属性”。A项“烹饪也可以是一种高度社交的活动”作为段落主旨句，直接点明主题，后文围绕“与亲友在厨房互动”展开，具体阐释社交属性带来的积极影响，衔接紧密。故选A。 第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节：（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Behind the city of Colorado Springs stands a mountain which is popular among local hikers. The ____21____ hiker is generally always told that the hike will take all day to go up and back. He is told to start early and to set a strong, steady pace for the journey will be ____22____. The hiker who follows this advice and plans accordingly can be easily ____23____ and even become angry or confused on ____24____ the beginning of the trail, because he can see that the hike to the summit (山顶) and back would take far less than half a day easily at even the most relaxed ____25____. And so he ____26____ his plans. He climbs up the trail wandering frequently from the path, taking many side-trips. He stops to play and to ____27____ on some of the supplies he brings since he won’t need so much for such a short trip. This he does ____28____ about half way through the day when he finally climbs to the summit only to discover that it is his eyes that have ____29____ him and not the words of those who have gone before. For he now stands on a false summit which has ____30____ his view of the higher summit far above. Realizing his lack of foresight, this hiker now quickly ____31____ his time and decides that if he pushes himself hard enough he can still make it to the summit. And so he ____32____ at a wild pace, crashing through the bush until at last he reaches his destination and looks up at still another summit. You see, the mountain has two ____33____ summits, both of which must be traveled over before reaching the real goal. It getting dark, our exhausted hiker has no choice but to return sadly. He will try again another day. ____34____, we are not so fortunate in our journey through life. There are many false summits, and if you struggle for only those goals which you can see, you will fall far short of the ____35____ goal. 21. A. crazy B. anxious C. fortunate D. inexperienced 22. A. exciting B. difficult C. boring D. smooth 23. A. satisfied B. terrified C. amazed D. disappointed 24. A. reaching B. changing C. imagining D. choosing 25. A. pace B. mood C. tone D. breath 26. A. makes B. changes C. forgets D. remembers 27. A. drop B. count C. snack D. concentrate 28. A. until B. since C. after D. before 29. A. shocked B. cheated C. helped D. guided 30. A. hidden B. caught C. blocked D. broadened 31. A. realizes B. recalls C. reproduces D. reevaluates 32. A. sets off B. turns up C. catches up D. brings about 33. A. high B. false C. beautiful D. dangerous 34. A. Besides B. However C. Therefore D. Meanwhile 35. A. genuine B. specific C. ambitious D. immediate 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者从爬山的角度出发，告诉我们要认清楚目标，不能被假的目标欺骗，如果只为那些看得见的目标而奋斗，那么离真正的目标就差得远了。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有经验的徒步旅行者通常总是被告知徒步要花上一整天的时间。A. crazy疯狂的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. fortunate幸运的；D. inexperienced没有经验的。根据下文“the hike will take all day to go up and back. He is told to start early and to set a strong, steady pace”可知，没有经验的徒步旅行者通常总是被告知徒步要花上一整天的时间。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他被告知要尽早出发，并设定一个强劲、稳定的步伐，因为这将是一段艰难的旅程。A. exciting令人激动的；B. difficult艰难的；C. boring令人无聊的；D. smooth光滑的。根据上文“set a strong, steady pace”可知，他被告知要尽早出发，并设定一个强劲、稳定的步伐，因为这将是一段艰难的旅程。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：遵循这一建议并相应地制定计划的登山者很容易失望，甚至在到达小径的起点时变得愤怒或困惑，因为他可以看到，即使以最轻松的速度，徒步到山顶并返回也只需不到半天的时间。A. satisfied满意的；B. terrified害怕的；C. amazed惊讶的；D. disappointed失望的。根据下文“even become angry or confused”可知，遵循这一建议并相应地制定计划的登山者很容易失望。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：遵循这一建议并相应地制定计划的登山者很容易失望，甚至在到达小径的起点时变得愤怒或困惑，因为他可以看到，即使以最轻松的速度，徒步到山顶并返回也只需不到半天的时间。A. reaching到达；B. changing改变；C. imagining想象；D. choosing选择。根据下文“the beginning of the trail, because he can see that the hike to the summit (山顶) and back would take far less than half a day easily”可知，遵循这一建议并相应地制定计划的登山者很容易失望，甚至在到达小径的起点时变得愤怒或困惑，因为他可以看到，即使以最轻松的速度，徒步到山顶并返回也只需不到半天的时间。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：遵循这一建议并相应地制定计划的登山者很容易失望，甚至在到达小径的起点时变得愤怒或困惑，因为他可以看到，即使以最轻松的速度，徒步到山顶并返回也只需不到半天的时间。A. pace速度；B. mood情绪；C. tone语气；D. breath呼吸。根据上文“He is told to start early and to set a strong, steady pace for the journey”和“at even the most relaxed”可知，此处表示“即使以最轻松的速度，徒步到山顶并返回也只需不到半天的时间”。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以他改变了计划。A. makes制作；B. changes改变；C. forgets忘记；D. remembers记得。根据下文“He climbs up the trail wandering frequently from the path, taking many side-trips”可知，他改变了计划。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他停下来玩耍，并吃了一些他带来的食物，因为在这么短的旅行中他不需要这么多。A. drop下降；B. count数数；C. snack吃零食；D. concentrate集中。根据下文“on some of the supplies he brings”可知，他停下来玩耍，并吃了一些他带来的食物，空格处意为“吃零食”。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：他一直这样做，直到中午，当他终于爬上山顶时，才发现欺骗他的是他的眼睛，而不是前面那些人说的话。A. until直到；B. since自从；C. after在……之后；D. before在……之前。根据下文“about half way through the day when he finally climbs to the summit”可知，他一直这样做，直到中午。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他一直这样做，直到中午，当他终于爬上山顶时，才发现欺骗他的是他的眼睛，而不是前面那些人说的话。A. shocked使震惊；B. cheated欺骗；C. helped帮助；D. guided指导。根据下文“For he now stands on a false summit”可知，当他终于爬上山顶时，才发现欺骗他的是他的眼睛。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为他现在站在一个虚假的顶峰上，挡住了他对更高的顶峰的视线。A. hidden躲藏；B. caught抓住；C. blocked挡住；D. broadened变宽。根据下文“his view of the higher summit far above”可知，他现在站在一个虚假的顶峰上，挡住了他对更高的顶峰的视线。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：意识到自己缺乏远见，这位徒步旅行者现在迅速重新评估了他的时间，并决定如果他足够努力，他仍然可以到达山顶。A. realizes意识到；B. recalls回想起；C. reproduces繁殖；D. reevaluates重新评估。根据下文“decides that if he pushes himself hard enough he can still make it to the summit”可知，这位徒步旅行者现在迅速重新评估了他的时间。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：于是他狂奔着出发了，穿过灌木丛，终于到达了目的地，抬头看到了另一座山顶。A. sets off出发；B. turns up出现；C. catches up赶上；D. brings about带来。根据下文“at a wild pace, crashing through the bush until at last he reaches his destination”可知，于是他狂奔着出发了，穿过灌木丛。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你看，这座山有两个假山顶，要想到达真正的目的地，必须先翻过这两个假山顶。A. high高的；B. false假的；C. beautiful美丽的；D. dangerous危险的。根据下文“both of which must be traveled over before reaching the real goal”可知，这座山有两个假山顶。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在我们的人生旅途中，我们并没有那么幸运。A. Besides此外；B. However然而；C. Therefore因此；D. Meanwhile同时。根据下文“we are not so fortunate in our journey through life”可知，然而，在我们的人生旅途中，我们并没有那么幸运。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虚假的高峰有很多，如果你只为那些看得见的目标而奋斗，那么你离真正的目标就差得远了。A. genuine真正的；B. specific具体的；C. ambitious有抱负的；D. immediate即时的。根据上文“There are many false summits, and if you struggle for only those goals which you can see”可知，虚假的高峰有很多，如果你只为那些看得见的目标而奋斗，那么你离真正的目标就差得远了。故选A。 第二节：（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The wrapper of a six-decade-old Chinese milk candy has become an unlikely social media sensation in the West. White Rabbit, a household name in China since its launch in 1959, emerged at a time of material scarcity, ____36____ sweets were a rare luxury. Although the times have improved, its packaging has remained ____37____ (virtual) unchanged. The wrapper, featuring a ____38____ (seat) white rabbit against a red background and framed by blue-and-white rabbit motifs (图案), is now drawing millions of views overseas. A post, describing the wrapper as a “masterstroke of graphic design”, has gained about 6 million views and 265,000 ____39____ (like) since. The comments section has been flooded with user creations — tattoos, T-shirts and phone cases, all ____40____ (feature) the iconic white rabbit. The trend has also spread to more platforms, reviving interest ____41____ other vintage (老式的) Chinese packaging. The wrapper’s immense appeal ____42____ (credit) to its visual language — bold primary colors, a simple composition and animal motifs — which requires no specific cultural knowledge for interpretation and is aesthetically accessible across cultures. Shi Anbin, who studies China’s cultural influence abroad, linked the craze to ____43____ he described as a broader #BecomingChinese or #Chinamaxxing movement on social media, in which young people overseas have embraced Chinese lifestyle practices ranging from drinking hot water to wearing casual sandals. The wrapper’s going viral reflects Generation Z’s growing ____44____ (appreciate) for Chinese aesthetics, showing that vintage designs with cultural depth can strike ____45____ emotional chord in an era dominated by artificial intelligence-generated content. 【答案】36. when 37. virtually 38. seated 39. likes 40. featuring 41. in 42. is credited 43. what 44. appreciation 45. an 【解析】 【导语】文章讲述了大白兔奶糖经典包装走红海外，折射Z世代对中式复古美学的全球共鸣。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：大白兔自1959年问世以来就是中国家喻户晓的品牌，它诞生于物资匮乏的年代，那时糖果是难得的奢侈品。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是a time，在定语从句中作时间状语，需用关系副词when引导。 【37题详解】 考查副词。句意：尽管时代已经变好，但它的包装几乎没有改变。修饰形容词unchanged需用副词virtually，作状语。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：糖纸以红色为底色，上面是一只坐着的白兔，四周由蓝白兔子图案镶边，如今在海外收获数百万浏览量。空处需填非谓语动词作前置定语，rabbit和seat是被动关系，需用过去分词形式seated。 【39题详解】 考查名词。句意：一条帖子称这款糖纸是“平面设计的神来之笔”，至今已获得约600万浏览量和26.5万个点赞。like是可数名词，265,000修饰名词复数形式。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：评论区满是网友的创意作品：纹身、T恤、手机壳，全都印有这只标志性的白兔。逗号前是主句，all是逻辑主语，feature和all是主动关系，用现在分词 featuring构成独立主格结构。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：这股热潮也扩散到更多平台，重新唤起人们对其他中国老式包装的兴趣。固定搭配interest in sth.意为“对……的兴趣”。 【42题详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意：这款糖纸巨大的吸引力归功于它的视觉语言：大胆的原色、简洁构图以及动物纹样，人们无需特定文化知识就能看懂，审美可以跨越不同文化。陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，The wrapper’s immense appeal和credit为被动关系，主语为The wrapper’s immense appeal，be动词用is。 【43题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：研究中国海外文化影响力的施安斌，把这股热潮和他所说的社交媒体上范围更广的 #成为中国人或 #极致中国化运动联系在一起。在这场运动中，海外年轻人开始接纳各类中国式生活方式，从喝热水到穿凉拖，不一而足。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，需用连接代词what引导。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：糖纸的走红，反映出Z世代对中国美学日益增长的欣赏，这表明在人工智能生成内容主导的时代，富有文化底蕴的复古设计能够拨动人们的心弦，引发情感共鸣。空处作宾语，需填名词appreciation。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：糖纸的走红，反映出Z世代对中国美学日益增长的欣赏，这表明在人工智能生成内容主导的时代，富有文化底蕴的复古设计能够拨动人们的心弦，引发情感共鸣。strike an emotional chord为固定搭配，意为“触动心弦，引发情感共鸣”，emotional发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友John的原创歌曲在网络上迅速走红，他正在考虑如何平衡自己的学习和音乐梦想，为此发来邮件询问你的建议。请你写信给他回复，内容包括： 1. 提出建议；2. 表达鼓励与支持。 注意：  1. 词数80左右，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear John, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear John, As for your dilemma, I’m writing to recommend you rank academic study first, with music as a leisure pursuit following behind. Solid academic training takes priority over everything. Without it, your musical inspiration would ring hollow. Besides, important as online fame is, it should never be pursued at the expense of academic qualifications. It is only when a solid academic foundation is guaranteed that your musical talent can truly flourish, for knowledge expands the mind and deepens emotional resonance in your works. So remember, a well-rounded mind produces timeless art, and a secure future grants you the freedom to make creations without fear. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生给英国笔友John回信，就对方想要平衡学习和音乐梦想的意愿，给出自己的建议，并说明理由。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 推荐：recommend→ propose 重要的：important → significant 保证：guarantee → assure/warrant 记住：remember →bear sth. in mind 2. 句式拓展 合并句子 原句：Solid academic training takes priority over everything. Without it, your musical inspiration would ring hollow. 拓展句：Solid academic training takes priority over everything, without which your musical inspiration would ring hollow. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Besides, important as online fame is, it should never be pursued at the expense of academic qualifications. (运用了as引导让步状语从句，且使用部分倒装结构) 【高分句型2】It is only when a solid academic foundation is guaranteed that your musical talent can truly flourish, for knowledge expands the mind and deepens emotional resonance in your works. (运用了when引导时间状语从句和强调句型) 第二节 （满分25分）  47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Over the years, Mom and I seemed to live on different schedules. I left early for school, stayed late for clubs, and disappeared into my room after dinner. Mom managed a neighborhood bakery and often came home smelling faintly of flour and coffee. We talked, of course, but mostly about practical things — homework, tests, and whether I had remembered my keys. Lately, even those conversations had grown shorter. A new bakery had opened across the street from Mom’s shop, drawing away customers with its bright windows and fashionable desserts. Mom never complained, but I noticed the unopened bills beside her laptop and the tired way she rubbed her forehead at night. At first, I worried about her. Soon, however, school filled my attention again. Mom’s problems belonged to the adult world, I told myself. That Friday, I stayed after school to help prepare for our spring arts festival. My job was to paint a huge paper backdrop (背景幕布) for the stage. Unfortunately, the sunset I had imagined turned into a mess of orange and purple. Frustrated, I carried the half-finished backdrop home, planning to hide it in the garage and start over the next morning. Mom arrived while I was carelessly spreading it across the garage floor. She looked extremely tired. I expected her to walk straight inside. Instead, she stopped. For several seconds, she stared at my crooked (不直的) buildings and strangely colored sky. Then her expression softened. “I used to paint,” she said quietly. I almost laughed, thinking she was joking. After we stepped into the house, Mom pulled open an old drawer in her bedroom and took out a dusty wooden box. Inside lay brushes, colorful paints, and a photograph of a much younger mom standing proudly beside a beautiful painting. I had never seen that part of her. She picked up one of the brushes, then hesitated. “It’s been years.” Something in her voice made me move aside and hand her a blue paint. 注意： (1) 续写词数应为150个左右； (2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Eventually, I persuaded Mom to help me make changes to the painting on the backdrop. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After the backdrop won recognition, we decided to paint on one window of the bakery together. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文： Eventually, I persuaded Mom to help me make changes to the painting on the backdrop. She knelt down on the garage floor, gently brushing new colors over my messy sunset. Her hands, usually busy with dough, moved steadily and skilfully. She softened the sharp lines of the buildings and blended the orange and purple into a warm, glowing sky. We painted side by side, and the ugly backdrop finally turned into a wonderful piece of art. When the backdrop was displayed at the arts festival, it received high praise from the teachers and students. After the backdrop won recognition, we decided to paint on one window of the bakery together. We chose a lovely spring theme with flowers and soft sunlight. Customers stopped to watch us paint and praised our work. Many of them came into the shop to buy bread and desserts. Mom’s business slowly got better. More importantly, we no longer lived on different schedules. Painting brought us closer, and we began to share not only small daily matters, but also our dreams and worries. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述作者和妈妈作息不同、交流不多，妈妈的面包店遭遇竞争而陷入困境。一次作者画艺术节背景幕布失败，意外发现妈妈曾经热爱绘画，母女二人找到了新的沟通方式。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容可知，本段可描写妈妈帮忙修改幕布画作，二人合作完成彩绘。 ②由第二段首句内容可知，本段可描写母女一起装饰面包店橱窗，关系变得亲密。 2.续写线索：劝说作画——携手彩绘——收获赞誉——橱窗涂鸦——客流增多——温情相伴 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①融合：blend/integrate ②赞美：praise/compliment 情绪类 ①温柔地：gently/tenderly ②担忧：worry/concern 【点睛】【高分句型1】She knelt down on the garage floor, gently brushing new colors over my messy sunset.(使用了现在分词brushing作伴随状语) 【高分句型2】When the backdrop was displayed at the arts festival, it received high praise from the teachers and students. (使用了When引导的时间状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $