专题01 语法选择【题型易-必考题型精练】期中考前梯度特训（广州专用） 2026-2027学年沪教版英语七年级上册

考前特训 专题01 语法选择 期中考满分冲刺（广州专用） 姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________ 内容提要 题型分析 解题指导 集中突破 一、题型定位 语法选择是广州中考英语的“第一道大题”，也是广州卷与省卷最显著的差异之一。它把语法点全部投放进一篇连贯的短文中，每空给出 A、B、C、D 四个选项，要求考生在读懂语篇的前提下，判断该空所需词的词性、形式与功能。与单句语法题相比，它多了一层“语篇”约束：同一考点在不同语境下的答案并不相同，必须“先看句子成分、再看上下文、最后看选项”。七年级上册的语法范围是“打地基”：冠词与代词的基本用法、形容词与副词的等级、非谓语动词（不定式与动名词）、一般现在时与一般过去时的呼应，以及 there be、比较级等基础结构。七上还没进入从句与被动语态的深水区，所以失分点不在“难”，而在“细”——一个 -s、一个 -ing、一个 the，就足以决定答案。 本次特训共收录 8 篇短文、120 道小题，话题全部落在七年级上册的校园与生活场景里：新同学 Henry 的自我介绍、Li Lei 用电子邮件交笔友、初中开学第一周的建议、Anna 写给 Alice 的一封介绍广州学校生活的信、记录美术课做漆扇的日记、肢体语言在不同文化中的差异、动物用“脏水事件”教训人类节约用水，以及一家人节水节电的日常，与沪教版七年级上册 Unit 1 Making friends、Unit 2 Daily life、Unit 3 The Earth 三个单元的主题一一对应。 二、命题特点 （1）同一词根的不同形式轮考，先定“成分”再定“形式”：Passage 4 题 14 的四个选项是 happy / happier / happiest / happily，空处作 make us ___ 的宾语补足语只能填形容词原级，故取 happy；Passage 5 题 14 的 easy / easily / easier / more easily 则因修饰动词而取 easily。 （2）非谓语靠“空位功能”判定：Passage 1 题 1 选 making（like doing sth.）、题 8 选 do（help sb do sth.）、题 11 选 to travel（want to do sth.），三空三种功能，恰恰说明“背搭配不如看功能”。 （3）介词题几乎全考固定搭配：Passage 4 题 3 选 from（be from Australia）、题 6 选 by（by bus）；Passage 1 题 13 选 with（provide sb with sth.）。 （4）冠词看音素不看字母：Passage 6 题 1 选 an（an amazing art class）、Passage 7 题 12 选 an（an open hand）、Passage 2 题 9 选 the（特指 the air），判断依据都是后接词的第一个音素。 （5）时态与主谓一致是“隐形考点”：Passage 1 题 6 选 is（there be 就近一致，紧跟 a cat）、题 14 选 is（everything 视为单数）、Passage 6 题 12 选 were（主语 no two same fans 为复数，且全文为日记体过去时）、Passage 3 题 9 选 happened（宾语从句随主句用过去时），填前须先看主语的数与全文的时态主线。 三、核心考点分布（基于本次特训 120 题梳理） （1）形容词与副词（43 题）：happy / happier / happiest / happily 一组词形轮考，另含 much / too much / many too 的辨析，以及 often / also / too / either 等副词的位置与用法，是题量最大的一类。 （2）非谓语动词（35 题）：to do 作目的状语与宾语、doing 作主语与介词宾语、done 作定语，三种形式交替出现。 （3）介词搭配（12 题）：from / with / by / in / at 等，几乎都挂在固定搭配上，不靠“语感”而靠“记搭配”。 （4）连词与从句连接词（13 题）：so / but / and / when / if / because 判断句间关系，How / What / that 判断从句成分。 （5）代词指代（8 题）：his / our / They / us / me 的人称、数与格，须回指前文名词。 （6）冠词（6 题）：a / an / the / 零冠词，判断依据是后接词的音素而不是首字母。 （7）情态动词（3 题）：can / may / must / should，考能力、许可与推测。 一、四步解题法 第一步：通读全文（约 40 秒），把握文体、时态主线与人物关系，暂不看选项。 第二步：逐空定“成分”——先判断该空在句中作什么（主语/谓语/定语/状语/连接），据此确定所需词性。 第三步：词性确定后再比形式——动词看时态语态与主谓一致、名词看单复数、形容词副词看等级、从句看连接词在句中作什么成分。 第四步：整段复读，重点核查三件事：主谓是否一致、时态是否全文统一、固定搭配是否漏介词。 二、结合本次特训题目的实战点拨 【点拨1】非谓语动词——以 Passage 1 题 1 为例：原文写道“…s old. I live in Guangzhou. I like 1 friends by email. I have an e-frien…”。须看空处是否作目的状语、主语或宾语，从而在 to do / doing / done 中取舍；四个选项中只有 C（making）与语境吻合，故选 C。 【点拨2】连词逻辑——以 Passage 2 题 2 为例：原文写道“…ving the rooms. We turn off the TV 2 nobody is watching it. Mum only use…”。须判断前后分句是让步、原因、转折还是条件关系；四个选项中只有 C（when）与语境吻合，故选 C。 【点拨3】介词搭配——以 Passage 3 题 3 为例：原文写道“…e nearby town always threw rubbish 3 the river. That 4 the water and mad…”。须还原固定搭配（如 be from、be interested in）再定介词；四个选项中只有 D（into）与语境吻合，故选 D。 【点拨4】动词时态——以 Passage 4 题 4 为例：原文写道“…is 3 Australia. He is now 4 in Beijing with his family. Every day he gets…”。空处与前面的 is 一起构成谓语，表示现阶段正在持续的状态，应用现在分词 staying 构成现在进行时（is staying）；四个选项中只有 C（staying）与语境吻合，故选 C。 【点拨5】冠词——以 Passage 5 题 5 为例：原文写道“…plain clearly, and taking notes is 5 useful way to review (复习). If you d…”。空后为可数名词单数且表泛指，须判断用 a/an 还是 the；四个选项中只有 A（a）与语境吻合，故选 A。 【点拨6】非谓语动词——以 Passage 6 题 11 为例：原文写道“…the teacher asked us 11 our fans. There 12 no two same fans in our…”。空处作宾语补足语，ask sb to do sth 决定其后用动词不定式；四个选项中只有 C（to show）与语境吻合，故选 C。 【点拨7】情态动词——以 Passage 7 题 7 为例：原文写道“…anguage, 6 . For example, gestures 7 have different meanings in differen…”。须依据语气（能力、许可、推测、必要性）选定情态动词，并注意其后接动词原形；四个选项中只有 B（may）与语境吻合，故选 B。 【点拨8】形容词与副词——以 Passage 8 题 10 为例：原文写道“…experiments (实验) are really 10 . But I’m not good at Maths. It is so…”。空处作表语，说明主语 experiments（事物）给人的感受，应用 -ing 形式的形容词 interesting；interested 用于说明人的感受，interest 是名词或动词，interestingly 是副词，四个选项中只有 C 与语境吻合，故选 C。 三、易错提醒 • 忌“看选项不看句子”：选项常按形式整组设计（四个比较级、四个 -ing），只凭语感易被形近项带偏。 • 忌“主谓一致漏看”：主语是第三人称单数就加 -s，是复数就用原形，Passage 1 题 6、题 14 两空都栽在这上面。 • 忌“冠词靠音感”：a/an 取决于后接词的音素（an hour、a university），不是首字母。 • 忌“非谓语随手选 to do”：like / enjoy / spend time 之后一律 doing，want / plan / ask sb. 之后才用 to do，先把搭配记准。 Passage 1 My name is Li Lei. I am 13 years old. I live in Guangzhou. I like 1 friends by email. I have an e-friend in America. His name is Simon. We 2 write emails to each other. He is 3 New York. He enjoys playing 4 piano and he is 5 good at drawing. He loves animals. There 6 a cat and two dogs in his home. He is 7 and he usually helps me 8 my English homework online. He is learning Chinese now. He often 9 Chinese is a useful language. Simon tells me that he will visit me this summer, 10 he will arrive in Guangzhou in August. He says he wants 11 all over Guangzhou. I am glad to meet him. I will take him to 12 different restaurants that provide us 13 delicious food in Guangzhou. I am sure he will think that everything in Guangzhou 14 interesting. It must be interesting for 15 to spend the summer holidays together. 1．A．make B．makes C．making D．made 2．A．never B．often C．hardly D．seldom 3．A．from B．come from C．comes from D．come 4．A．a B．an C．the D．不填 5．A．also B．too C．either D．neither 6．A．has B．have C．is D．are 7．A．friend B．friends C．friendly D．friendship 8．A．do B．does C．doing D．did 9．A．say B．says C．saying D．said 10．A．but B．and C．or D．so 11．A．travel B．travels C．travelling D．to travel 12．A．many B．much C．few D．little 13．A．to B．in C．with D．by 14．A．is B．are C．am D．be 15．A．we B．us C．our D．ours Passage 2 How do we help to save our Earth? Let me 1 you. First , my family try to save electricity (电). We never let the lights on when leaving the rooms. We turn off the TV 2 nobody is watching it. Mum only uses cold water 3 clothes. Second, we reuse things every day. We write on 4 sides of paper, not just on one side. We 5 bottles, paper and food into different bags. Third, we try 6 water. We don’t have baths for too long. We wash the toilet 7 used water. And we turn off the tap (水龙头) when we don’t 8 it. At last, we help to protect 9 air. My parents don’t drive 10 to school any more. I go to school 11 bike now. It’s hard work 12 good exercise! My parents and 13 people in their offices 14 start to go to work in one car together. These are easy and great ways to help protect our Earth. And I think 15 should try them. 1．A．tell B．telling C．to tell D．told 2．A．because B．so C．when D．then 3．A．wash B．to wash C．washing D．washes 4．A．each B．either C．both D．all 5．A．puts B．put C．putting D．to put 6．A．save B．saves C．saved D．to save 7．A．with B．to C．for D．into 8．A．used B．use C．uses D．using 9．A．the B．a C．an D．/ 10．A．I B．my C．me D．mine 11．A．on B．by C．in D．at 12．A．and B．or C．not D．but 13．A．little B．a little C．few D．a few 14．A．too B．either C．also D．neither 15．A．someone B．anyone C．no one D．everyone Passage 3 A long time ago, there were many animals 1 in the forest. One day, the animals got together to have a(n) 2 because they wanted to solve a problem. People in the nearby town always threw rubbish 3 the river. That 4 the water and made some baby animals lose their lives. The animals discussed for a long 5 . Finally, they planned to teach those people a 6 . At night, some rabbits went to the town 7 and put their manure (粪便) into the water pipes. The next morning, people turned on the tap and found the water was 8 . They called the water factory, but the factory didn’t know what 9 . So people walked along the river to look for the 10 . They finally knew where it went wrong when they saw lots of 11 by the river bank (河岸). People knew water was 12 to them. Soon they started a clean-up 13 . Through their hard work, the river became clean again. The animals were very 14 with that. From then on, they became people’s friends. The two groups worked together to 15 natural resources like water. 1．A．live B．lives C．living D．lived 2．A．game B．quiz C．meeting D．experiment 3．A．to B．at C．for D．into 4．A．used B．changed C．wasted D．polluted 5．A．year B．time C．land D．break 6．A．lesson B．test C．text D．class 7．A．quietly B．happily C．hardly D．strongly 8．A．dry B．dirty C．dark D．fresh 9．A．happen B．happened C．happening D．happens 10．A．way B．reason C．report D．picnic 11．A．trees B．water C．waste D．problems 12．A．friendly B．tidy C．clean D．important 13．A．band B．report C．activity D．blog 14．A．sad B．bored C．angry D．happy 15．A．take care of B．make fun of C．take part in D．worry about Passage 4 This year, we have a new classmate in our class. 1 name is Henry. Now I want 2 you something about him. Henry is 3 Australia. He is now 4 in Beijing with his family. Every day he gets up at about six thirty and 5 breakfast at seven o’clock. Then he leaves home at seven fifteen. He goes to school 6 bus and he gets there at seven forty-five. Henry studies very hard, 7 he is good at all the subjects. The first class begins at eight. There 8 four lessons in the morning. Morning classes are over at eleven fifty, 9 he has lunch at twelve. Afternoon classes 10 at one thirty. There are two lessons in 11 afternoon. They are over at three ten. Henry stays at school for another hour to play basketball, and he 12 play it very well. After that he gets home at about four thirty. Henry usually has dinner at six. In the evening he 13 his homework. Sometimes he watches TV. He goes to bed at about ten. Henry often tells jokes to make us 14 , so we all like to stay with him. Do you want to make friends 15 him? 1．A．He B．His C．He’s D．Him 2．A．to tell B．telling C．tells D．tell 3．A．from B．for C．of D．to 4．A．stays B．stay C．staying D．to stay 5．A．have B．has C．had D．having 6．A．by B．on C．at D．into 7．A．but B．because C．if D．so 8．A．are B．is C．be D．were 9．A．or B．and C．after D．but 10．A．begins B．beginning C．begin D．began 11．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 12．A．can B．will C．should D．would 13．A．doing B．to do C．do D．does 14．A．happy B．happier C．happiest D．happily 15．A．for B．with C．about D．to Passage 5 Starting junior high school is an exciting new chapter (篇章). You’ll meet new classmates and teachers. You may feel a little nervous at first, but with small steps, you’ll adapt (适应) much 1 than you expected. First, be friendly 2 everyone. Smile when talking to classmates—it’s 3 for you to build friendships. Second, organize your school things. With more subjects, a notebook for each class helps you 4 tidy. Third, listen carefully in class. Teachers explain clearly, and taking notes is 5 useful way to review (复习). If you don’t understand, don’t be afraid 6 teachers or classmates for help. 7 are always there to help. Also, join school activities, too. Clubs or sports teams 8 you chances to make friends and have fun. Remember to balance study and rest. Enough sleep every night 9 important for your studies. Finally, 10 yourself. Every day is a new chance to grow. Junior high life will be wonderful if you try your best. 11 you have free time, you can talk with your parents about school life. Your classmates are your partners in 12 ways. You needn’t worry 13 about exams. Study hard, and you will pass exams 14 . Junior high 15 us knowledge and life skills. 1．A．soon B．more soon C．sooner D．more sooner 2．A．to B．for C．of D．with 3．A．help B．helpful C．helpless D．boring 4．A．staying B．stayed C．stay D．will stay 5．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 6．A．ask B．asked C．asking D．to ask 7．A．Them B．Their C．They D．Theirs 8．A．give B．gives C．gave D．to give 9．A．is B．are C．was D．were 10．A．believing B．believed C．believe D．to believe 11．A．When B．But C．What D．Before 12．A．many B．much C．many too D．too many 13．A．many too B．too much C．much too D．too many 14．A．easy B．easily C．easier D．more easily 15．A．teach B．teaching C．taught D．teaches Passage 6 13 September 2024 I’m so happy! Today I had 1 amazing art class at school. I made a lacquer fan (漆扇) by myself. Nowadays, lacquer fans are popular. They are not only fans, but also works of art. I want to have one, 2 . At the beginning, the teacher 3 us the history of lacquer. Lacquer first appeared in the Tang and Song dynasties (朝代). It has a long history in 4 country. Then the teacher provided us 5 water, lacquer and fans with different shapes and sizes. We 6 lacquer and water to do lacquer fan painting. 7 can we make a lacquer fan? It is very 8 . First, choose our favorite colors. Second, drip the colored lacquer into the water. Third, stir it. Fourth, put the fan into the water for a while, and then take it out and dry it. What’s more, we 9 change the pattern by blowing or stirring the water. It 10 me only a few minutes to finish it. When everyone finished, the teacher asked us 11 our fans. There 12 no two same fans in our class! 13 you write a Chinese poem on your fan, that will be nicer. Making a lacquer fan is like opening a blind box. No one 14 what patterns we can get. I 15 more lacquer fans. I can’t wait! 1．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．A．too B．also C．either D．as well as 3．A．tells B．is telling C．told D．will tell 4．A．we B．us C．our D．ours 5．A．for B．of C．to D．with 6．A．use B．used C．to use D．using 7．A．What B．Why C．When D．How 8．A．easy B．easier C．easiest D．easily 9．A．can B．must C．should D．could 10．A．spent B．took C．cost D．paid 11．A．show B．showing C．to show D．showed 12．A．is B．are C．was D．were 13．A．If B．So C．But D．Or 14．A．is knowing B．knows C．knew D．will know 15．A．make B．made C．am making D．am going to make Passage 7 People use more than just words to communicate. In fact, some researchers claim that 1 than half of a spoken message’s real meaning is in the words used in the message. They say that most of a message’s meaning comes from 2 how the speaker uses things like tone of voice and body language. Body language 3 such things as the expression on the speaker’s face, gestures the speaker makes with 4 hands, and the position of the speaker’s body. Just as there are many different languages spoken around the world, 5 many ways for people to use body language, 6 . For example, gestures 7 have different meanings in different cultures. 8 a “thumbs up” sign in America means “Great!” However, in Arab cultures, this gesture is offensive. And in India, 9 listeners want to show speakers that they understand, they won’t nod their heads. Instead, the listeners will move their heads 10 side to side. Although many gestures can be explained 11 , many gestures express the same meaning. For example, a large smile is understood as a sign of friendship or goodwill around the world. Also, using 12 open hand to gesture toward something is viewed as polite or friendly in most cultures. Body language experts point 13 one important thing. The person’s culture is only one factor (因素) 14 can influence his or her use of body language. The time and place where the body language is being used can have a lot to do with a person’s body language. If the person has had a bad day or if a meeting takes place in a crowded place, the body language a person uses may be very different from that under 15 situations. 1．A．few B．fewer C．little D．less 2．A．understand B．understanding C．understood D．to understand 3．A．include B．includes C．included D．including 4．A．he B．him C．his D．himself 5．A．there is B．there are C．there was D．there were 6．A．too B．either C．neither D．also 7．A．must B．may C．should D．need to 8．A．Make B．To make C．Making D．Makes 9．A．although B．if C．because D．so 10．A．between B．at C．from D．towards 11．A．different B．more different C．differently D．more differently 12．A．the B．a C．an D．/ 13．A．out B．at C．to D．in 14．A．who B．whom C．what D．that 15．A．other B．others C．another D．the other Passage 8 Dear Alice, In your letter, you say you don’t know the daily life of Chinese students. Now I’m writing to tell you more about myself and my school life. I am a 1 girl. I live in a flat in a town in Guangzhou. It’s not very far from the city center. There is a small forest near my house. 2 forest is very beautiful with many trees and flowers. In the evening, I often take my dog Happy there for a walk. I am a student at Sunshine Middle School. Our school isn’t very big, 3 it is very clean and tidy. It’s just one street away from my house. Sometimes 4 I’m having breakfast, I can see my friends going to school. Then my mother often 5 , “Hurry up, or you will be late for school.” There are about 6 students in my school, and many of them come from nearby towns. Our school starts at eight o’clock 7 Monday to Friday. My favourite subjects 8 English, Science and Music—I like English because it helps me talk with foreign friends, and I 9 enjoy singing in Music classes. Some scientific experiments (实验) are really 10 . But I’m not good at Maths. It is so difficult for me 11 Maths. After class, we often talk with each other about today’s classes or play on the playground. 12 do we usually do in P.E. class? We play basketball, football and other sports. The teachers here are good—they are 13 to us and love their job very much. In the evening, I often have dinner with my parents. Sometimes they help me 14 my homework. 15 wonderful my daily life is! This is my daily life. What about yours? Yours, Anna 1．A．twelve-years-old B．twelve years old C．twelve year old D．twelve-year-old 2．A．A B．An C．The D．/ 3．A．so B．and C．but D．or 4．A．where B．when C．until D．since 5．A．say B．says C．said D．saying 6．A．six hundred B．six hundreds C．six hundreds of D．hundred of 7．A．in B．on C．at D．from 8．A．be B．is C．are D．was 9．A．also B．either C．too D．as well 10．A．interest B．interested C．interesting D．interestingly 11．A．understand B．to understand C．understood D．understanding 12．A．Who B．What C．Where D．Why 13．A．friend B．friends C．friendly D．friendship 14．A．do B．doing C．to doing D．does 15．A．How B．How a C．What D．What a 18 / 18乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $考前特训 专题01 语法选择 期中考满分冲刺（广州专用） 姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________ 内容提要 题型分析 解题指导 集中突破 一、题型定位 语法选择是广州中考英语的“第一道大题”，也是广州卷与省卷最显著的差异之一。它把语法点全部投放进一篇连贯的短文中，每空给出 A、B、C、D 四个选项，要求考生在读懂语篇的前提下，判断该空所需词的词性、形式与功能。与单句语法题相比，它多了一层“语篇”约束：同一考点在不同语境下的答案并不相同，必须“先看句子成分、再看上下文、最后看选项”。七年级上册的语法范围是“打地基”：冠词与代词的基本用法、形容词与副词的等级、非谓语动词（不定式与动名词）、一般现在时与一般过去时的呼应，以及 there be、比较级等基础结构。七上还没进入从句与被动语态的深水区，所以失分点不在“难”，而在“细”——一个 -s、一个 -ing、一个 the，就足以决定答案。 本次特训共收录 8 篇短文、120 道小题，话题全部落在七年级上册的校园与生活场景里：新同学 Henry 的自我介绍、Li Lei 用电子邮件交笔友、初中开学第一周的建议、Anna 写给 Alice 的一封介绍广州学校生活的信、记录美术课做漆扇的日记、肢体语言在不同文化中的差异、动物用“脏水事件”教训人类节约用水，以及一家人节水节电的日常，与沪教版七年级上册 Unit 1 Making friends、Unit 2 Daily life、Unit 3 The Earth 三个单元的主题一一对应。 二、命题特点 （1）同一词根的不同形式轮考，先定“成分”再定“形式”：Passage 4 题 14 的四个选项是 happy / happier / happiest / happily，空处作 make us ___ 的宾语补足语只能填形容词原级，故取 happy；Passage 5 题 14 的 easy / easily / easier / more easily 则因修饰动词而取 easily。 （2）非谓语靠“空位功能”判定：Passage 1 题 1 选 making（like doing sth.）、题 8 选 do（help sb do sth.）、题 11 选 to travel（want to do sth.），三空三种功能，恰恰说明“背搭配不如看功能”。 （3）介词题几乎全考固定搭配：Passage 4 题 3 选 from（be from Australia）、题 6 选 by（by bus）；Passage 1 题 13 选 with（provide sb with sth.）。 （4）冠词看音素不看字母：Passage 6 题 1 选 an（an amazing art class）、Passage 7 题 12 选 an（an open hand）、Passage 2 题 9 选 the（特指 the air），判断依据都是后接词的第一个音素。 （5）时态与主谓一致是“隐形考点”：Passage 1 题 6 选 is（there be 就近一致，紧跟 a cat）、题 14 选 is（everything 视为单数）、Passage 6 题 12 选 were（主语 no two same fans 为复数，且全文为日记体过去时）、Passage 3 题 9 选 happened（宾语从句随主句用过去时），填前须先看主语的数与全文的时态主线。 三、核心考点分布（基于本次特训 120 题梳理） （1）形容词与副词（43 题）：happy / happier / happiest / happily 一组词形轮考，另含 much / too much / many too 的辨析，以及 often / also / too / either 等副词的位置与用法，是题量最大的一类。 （2）非谓语动词（35 题）：to do 作目的状语与宾语、doing 作主语与介词宾语、done 作定语，三种形式交替出现。 （3）介词搭配（12 题）：from / with / by / in / at 等，几乎都挂在固定搭配上，不靠“语感”而靠“记搭配”。 （4）连词与从句连接词（13 题）：so / but / and / when / if / because 判断句间关系，How / What / that 判断从句成分。 （5）代词指代（8 题）：his / our / They / us / me 的人称、数与格，须回指前文名词。 （6）冠词（6 题）：a / an / the / 零冠词，判断依据是后接词的音素而不是首字母。 （7）情态动词（3 题）：can / may / must / should，考能力、许可与推测。 一、四步解题法 第一步：通读全文（约 40 秒），把握文体、时态主线与人物关系，暂不看选项。 第二步：逐空定“成分”——先判断该空在句中作什么（主语/谓语/定语/状语/连接），据此确定所需词性。 第三步：词性确定后再比形式——动词看时态语态与主谓一致、名词看单复数、形容词副词看等级、从句看连接词在句中作什么成分。 第四步：整段复读，重点核查三件事：主谓是否一致、时态是否全文统一、固定搭配是否漏介词。 二、结合本次特训题目的实战点拨 【点拨1】非谓语动词——以 Passage 1 题 1 为例：原文写道“…s old. I live in Guangzhou. I like 1 friends by email. I have an e-frien…”。须看空处是否作目的状语、主语或宾语，从而在 to do / doing / done 中取舍；四个选项中只有 C（making）与语境吻合，故选 C。 【点拨2】连词逻辑——以 Passage 2 题 2 为例：原文写道“…ving the rooms. We turn off the TV 2 nobody is watching it. Mum only use…”。须判断前后分句是让步、原因、转折还是条件关系；四个选项中只有 C（when）与语境吻合，故选 C。 【点拨3】介词搭配——以 Passage 3 题 3 为例：原文写道“…e nearby town always threw rubbish 3 the river. That 4 the water and mad…”。须还原固定搭配（如 be from、be interested in）再定介词；四个选项中只有 D（into）与语境吻合，故选 D。 【点拨4】动词时态——以 Passage 4 题 4 为例：原文写道“…is 3 Australia. He is now 4 in Beijing with his family. Every day he gets…”。空处与前面的 is 一起构成谓语，表示现阶段正在持续的状态，应用现在分词 staying 构成现在进行时（is staying）；四个选项中只有 C（staying）与语境吻合，故选 C。 【点拨5】冠词——以 Passage 5 题 5 为例：原文写道“…plain clearly, and taking notes is 5 useful way to review (复习). If you d…”。空后为可数名词单数且表泛指，须判断用 a/an 还是 the；四个选项中只有 A（a）与语境吻合，故选 A。 【点拨6】非谓语动词——以 Passage 6 题 11 为例：原文写道“…the teacher asked us 11 our fans. There 12 no two same fans in our…”。空处作宾语补足语，ask sb to do sth 决定其后用动词不定式；四个选项中只有 C（to show）与语境吻合，故选 C。 【点拨7】情态动词——以 Passage 7 题 7 为例：原文写道“…anguage, 6 . For example, gestures 7 have different meanings in differen…”。须依据语气（能力、许可、推测、必要性）选定情态动词，并注意其后接动词原形；四个选项中只有 B（may）与语境吻合，故选 B。 【点拨8】形容词与副词——以 Passage 8 题 10 为例：原文写道“…experiments (实验) are really 10 . But I’m not good at Maths. It is so…”。空处作表语，说明主语 experiments（事物）给人的感受，应用 -ing 形式的形容词 interesting；interested 用于说明人的感受，interest 是名词或动词，interestingly 是副词，四个选项中只有 C 与语境吻合，故选 C。 三、易错提醒 • 忌“看选项不看句子”：选项常按形式整组设计（四个比较级、四个 -ing），只凭语感易被形近项带偏。 • 忌“主谓一致漏看”：主语是第三人称单数就加 -s，是复数就用原形，Passage 1 题 6、题 14 两空都栽在这上面。 • 忌“冠词靠音感”：a/an 取决于后接词的音素（an hour、a university），不是首字母。 • 忌“非谓语随手选 to do”：like / enjoy / spend time 之后一律 doing，want / plan / ask sb. 之后才用 to do，先把搭配记准。 Passage 1 My name is Li Lei. I am 13 years old. I live in Guangzhou. I like 1 friends by email. I have an e-friend in America. His name is Simon. We 2 write emails to each other. He is 3 New York. He enjoys playing 4 piano and he is 5 good at drawing. He loves animals. There 6 a cat and two dogs in his home. He is 7 and he usually helps me 8 my English homework online. He is learning Chinese now. He often 9 Chinese is a useful language. Simon tells me that he will visit me this summer, 10 he will arrive in Guangzhou in August. He says he wants 11 all over Guangzhou. I am glad to meet him. I will take him to 12 different restaurants that provide us 13 delicious food in Guangzhou. I am sure he will think that everything in Guangzhou 14 interesting. It must be interesting for 15 to spend the summer holidays together. 1．A．make B．makes C．making D．made 2．A．never B．often C．hardly D．seldom 3．A．from B．come from C．comes from D．come 4．A．a B．an C．the D．不填 5．A．also B．too C．either D．neither 6．A．has B．have C．is D．are 7．A．friend B．friends C．friendly D．friendship 8．A．do B．does C．doing D．did 9．A．say B．says C．saying D．said 10．A．but B．and C．or D．so 11．A．travel B．travels C．travelling D．to travel 12．A．many B．much C．few D．little 13．A．to B．in C．with D．by 14．A．is B．are C．am D．be 15．A．we B．us C．our D．ours 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．A 6．C 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．B 11．D 12．A 13．C 14．A 15．B 【导语】本文是记叙文。主要介绍了李雷的基本情况以及他来自美国的网友西蒙的爱好、家庭情况等，还讲述了西蒙计划今年夏天来广州拜访李雷，李雷打算带西蒙游览广州、品尝美食的事情。 【详解】1．句意：我喜欢通过电子邮件交朋友。 make动词原形；makes动词第三人称单数形式；making动名词/现在分词；made动词过去式/过去分词。“like doing sth”是固定短语，意为“喜欢做某事”，强调长期的、习惯性的爱好，此处表示李雷喜欢通过邮件交朋友这一爱好。故选C。 2．句意：我有一个美国网友。我们经常互相写邮件。 never 从不；often 经常；hardly 几乎不；seldom 很少。后文提到西蒙今年夏天要来看望李雷、李雷很乐意带他游览广州，可见两人来往密切，应选表示“经常”的 often。故选B。 3．句意：他来自纽约。 from介词，来自；come from来自（原形）；comes from来自（第三人称单数形式）；come动词原形，来。句子已有谓语动词“is”，不能再用动词作谓语，排除B、C、D；“be from”是固定短语，意为“来自”，from符合句意。故选A。 4．句意：他喜欢弹钢琴，而且他也擅长画画。 a不定冠词，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词；不填 零冠词。“play + the + 乐器类名词”是固定用法，“piano”是乐器，前面需加定冠词the。故选C。 5．句意：他喜欢弹钢琴，而且他也擅长画画。 also 也，用于肯定句，常位于 be 动词之后、实义动词之前；too 也，用于肯定句句末，前面常有逗号；either 也，用于否定句句末；neither 也不。空处前面是系动词 is、后面是形容词 good，应填 also。故选A。 6．句意：他家有一只猫和两条狗。 has 动词第三人称单数形式，有；have动词原形，有；is是（单数）；are是（复数）。“there be”句型表示“某地有某物”，遵循“就近原则”，即be动词的单复数由离它最近的名词决定；此处离be动词最近的名词是“a cat”，所以be动词用is。故选C。 7．句意：他很友好，而且他通常在网上帮我做英语作业。 friend名词，朋友；friends名词复数，朋友；friendly形容词，友好的；friendship名词，友谊。此处位于系动词“is”后，需用形容词作表语，描述西蒙的性格，friendly“友好的”符合语境，故选C。 8．句意：他很友好，而且他通常在网上帮我做英语作业。 do动词原形，做；does动词第三人称单数形式；doing动名词/现在分词；did动词过去式/过去分词。“help sb (to) do sth”是固定短语，意为“帮助某人做某事”，“to”可省略，此处用动词原形do即可。故选A。 9．句意：他经常说中文是一门有用的语言。 say动词原形，说；says动词第三人称单数形式；saying动名词/现在分词；said动词过去式/过去分词。根据“often”可知，句子时态是一般现在时；主语“He”是第三人称单数，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式says。故选B。 10．句意：西蒙告诉我他今年夏天要来看我，而且他八月份会到达广州。 but 但是（转折）；and 和、并且（并列/顺承）；or 或者（选择）；so 所以（因果）。前后两个分句说的都是西蒙的行程安排，是顺承关系，用 and 连接。故选B。 11．句意：他说他想环游整个广州。 travel动词原形，旅行；travels动词第三人称单数形式；travelling动名词/现在分词；to travel动词不定式。“want to do sth”是固定短语搭配，意为“想要做某事”，want接动词不定式作宾语。故选D。 12．句意：我会带他去广州的很多不同餐馆，这些餐馆能给我们提供美味的食物。 many许多，后接可数名词复数；much许多，后接不可数名词；few很少，后接可数名词复数（表否定）；little很少，后接不可数名词（表否定）。“restaurants”是可数名词复数，排除B、D；根据语境，李雷想带西蒙品尝美食，应该是去“很多”餐馆，而非“很少”。故选A。 13．句意：我会带他去广州的很多不同餐馆，这些餐馆能给我们提供美味的食物。 to到……；in在……里面；with和……一起，用；by通过……。“provide sb with sth”是固定短语，意为“给某人提供某物”，符合句意，故选C。 14．句意：我确信他会认为广州的一切都很有趣。 is是（单数）；are是（复数）；am是（主语为第一人称I时用）；be动词原形。“everything”是不定代词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；句子时态是一般现在时（宾语从句中，主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来），所以用is。故选A。 15．句意：对我们来说，一起过暑假一定很有趣。 we人称代词主格，我们；us人称代词宾格，我们；our形容词性物主代词，我们的；ours名词性物主代词，我们的（东西）。此处位于介词“for”后，需用人称代词宾格作宾语，us符合语法要求。故选B。 Passage 2 How do we help to save our Earth? Let me 1 you. First , my family try to save electricity (电). We never let the lights on when leaving the rooms. We turn off the TV 2 nobody is watching it. Mum only uses cold water 3 clothes. Second, we reuse things every day. We write on 4 sides of paper, not just on one side. We 5 bottles, paper and food into different bags. Third, we try 6 water. We don’t have baths for too long. We wash the toilet 7 used water. And we turn off the tap (水龙头) when we don’t 8 it. At last, we help to protect 9 air. My parents don’t drive 10 to school any more. I go to school 11 bike now. It’s hard work 12 good exercise! My parents and 13 people in their offices 14 start to go to work in one car together. These are easy and great ways to help protect our Earth. And I think 15 should try them. 1．A．tell B．telling C．to tell D．told 2．A．because B．so C．when D．then 3．A．wash B．to wash C．washing D．washes 4．A．each B．either C．both D．all 5．A．puts B．put C．putting D．to put 6．A．save B．saves C．saved D．to save 7．A．with B．to C．for D．into 8．A．used B．use C．uses D．using 9．A．the B．a C．an D．/ 10．A．I B．my C．me D．mine 11．A．on B．by C．in D．at 12．A．and B．or C．not D．but 13．A．little B．a little C．few D．a few 14．A．too B．either C．also D．neither 15．A．someone B．anyone C．no one D．everyone 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．D 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．C 11．B 12．D 13．D 14．C 15．D 【导语】本文介绍了作者一家是如何帮助拯救地球的。 【详解】1．句意：让我来告诉你。 tell告诉（原形）；telling告诉（动词-ing形式）；to tell告诉（动词不定式）；told告诉（过去式和过去分词）。let sb do sth“让某人做某事”，后接动词原形。故选A。 2．句意：没人看电视时，我们会关掉电视。 because因为；so因此；when当……的时候；then然后。分析“We turn off the TV...nobody is watching it.”可知，此处应表示当没人看电视时，我们会关掉电视。空处应选when引导此时间状语从句。故选C。 3．句意：妈妈只用冷水洗衣服。 wash洗（原形）；to wash洗（动词不定式）；washing洗（动词-ing形式）；washes洗（第三人称单数形式）。use sth. to do sth.“用某物做某事”，空处应选动词不定式。故选B。 4．句意：我们在纸的两面写字，而不仅仅是一面。 each每个；either（两者中的）任何一个；both两者；all全部（三者或三者以上）。根据常识可知，纸张有两面；结合“not just on one side”可知，此处表示会使用纸张的两面。故选C。 5．句意：我们把瓶子、纸和食物放进不同的袋子里。 puts放（第三人称单数形式）；put放（原形）；putting放（动词-ing形式）；to put放（动词不定式）。分析“We...bottles, paper and food into different bags.”可知，空处是此句的谓语动词，此处表示现在所存在的情况，应用一般现在时，主语We表示复数，所以空处应选动词put。故选B。 6．句意：第三，我们尽量节约用水。 save节约（原形）；saves节约（第三人称单数形式）；saved节约（过去式和过去分词）；to save节约（动词不定式）。try to do sth.“尽量做某事”，空处应选动词不定式。故选D。 7．句意：我们用使用过的水冲洗厕所。 with用；to到；for为了；into进入。分析“We wash the toilet...used water.”可知，此处表示用使用过的水冲洗厕所。故选A。 8．句意：当我们不用水龙头时，我们会把它关掉。 used使用（过去式和过去分词）；use使用（原形）；uses使用（第三人称单数形式）；using使用（动词-ing形式）。助动词don’t后接动词原形。故选B。 9．句意：最后，我们帮助保护空气。 the这个，那个（定冠词，表示特指）；a一（不定冠词，表示泛指，用于辅音音素前）；an一（不定冠词，表示泛指，用于元音音素前）；/不填。此处表示特指，所以空处应选定冠词the。故选A。 10．句意：我父母不再开车送我去学校了。 I我（人称代词的主格）；my我的（形容词性物主代词）；me我（人称代词的宾格）；mine我的（名词性物主代词）。动词drive后接人称代词的宾格作宾语。故选C。 11．句意：我现在骑自行车去上学。 on在……上面；by通过；in在……里面；at在。根据空后的bike和选项可知，空处应选介词by，by bike意为“骑自行车”。故选B。 12．句意：这是艰苦的工作，但也是很好的锻炼！ and和；or或；not不；but但是。分析“hard work...good exercise”可知，空格前后是转折关系，所以连词but符合语境。故选D。 13．句意：我的父母和他们办公室的一些人也开始一起坐一辆车去上班。 little几乎没有（修饰不可数名词）；a little一些（修饰不可数名词）；few几乎没有（修饰可数名词的复数形式）；a few一些（修饰可数名词的复数形式）。空后的people是集体名词，表示复数概念，应用few或a few修饰；分析“My parents and...people in their offices”可知，此处表示“我”的父母和他们办公室的一些人。故选D。 14．句意：我的父母和他们办公室的一些人也开始一起坐一辆车去上班。 too也（一般用于肯定句句尾）；either也（常用于否定句句尾）；also也；neither也不。分析“My parents and...people in their offices...start to go to work in one car together.”可知，此处表示也开始一起坐一辆车去上班。此句是肯定句，且空处位于句中。故选C。 15．句意：我认为每个人都应该尝试一下。 someone某人；anyone任何人；no one没有人；everyone每个人。根据上文“These are easy and great ways to help protect our Earth.”可知，此处表示这些都是帮助保护我们地球又简单又好的方法，所以“我”认为每个人都应该尝试一下。故选D。 Passage 3 A long time ago, there were many animals 1 in the forest. One day, the animals got together to have a(n) 2 because they wanted to solve a problem. People in the nearby town always threw rubbish 3 the river. That 4 the water and made some baby animals lose their lives. The animals discussed for a long 5 . Finally, they planned to teach those people a 6 . At night, some rabbits went to the town 7 and put their manure (粪便) into the water pipes. The next morning, people turned on the tap and found the water was 8 . They called the water factory, but the factory didn’t know what 9 . So people walked along the river to look for the 10 . They finally knew where it went wrong when they saw lots of 11 by the river bank (河岸). People knew water was 12 to them. Soon they started a clean-up 13 . Through their hard work, the river became clean again. The animals were very 14 with that. From then on, they became people’s friends. The two groups worked together to 15 natural resources like water. 1．A．live B．lives C．living D．lived 2．A．game B．quiz C．meeting D．experiment 3．A．to B．at C．for D．into 4．A．used B．changed C．wasted D．polluted 5．A．year B．time C．land D．break 6．A．lesson B．test C．text D．class 7．A．quietly B．happily C．hardly D．strongly 8．A．dry B．dirty C．dark D．fresh 9．A．happen B．happened C．happening D．happens 10．A．way B．reason C．report D．picnic 11．A．trees B．water C．waste D．problems 12．A．friendly B．tidy C．clean D．important 13．A．band B．report C．activity D．blog 14．A．sad B．bored C．angry D．happy 15．A．take care of B．make fun of C．take part in D．worry about 【答案】 1．C 2．C 3．D 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．A 8．B 9．B 10．B 11．C 12．D 13．C 14．D 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了兔子把自己的粪便投放在人们的水管里，引导人们到河边发现垃圾对河水造成的污染，之后人们意识到环境保护的重要性，开始了清理活动，最后人类和动物一起来保护自然资源。 【详解】1．句意：很久以前，有许多动物住在森林里。 live住，动词原形；lives住，第三人称单数形式；living住，现在分词；lived住，过去式或过去分词。此处为 there be sb doing sth 结构，living 是现在分词作后置定语，修饰前面的 many animals，表示“有许多动物住在森林里”；句中已有谓语 were，living 并非过去进行时的谓语部分。故选C。 2．句意：有一天，动物们聚在一起开会，因为它们想解决一个问题。 game游戏；quiz小测验；meeting会议；experiment实验。根据“because they wanted to solve a problem.”可知，动物们应是开会探讨解决这个问题。故选C。 3．句意：附近城镇的人们总是把垃圾扔进河里。 to到、向；at在、于；for为了、对于；into进入、变成。根据“threw rubbish…the river.”可知，此处是一个常用动词短语threw sth into“把……扔进”。故选D。 4．句意：那样做污染了水，使一些小动物失去了它们的生命。 used使用；changed改变；wasted浪费；polluted污染。根据“People in the nearby town always threw rubbish into the river.”可知，人们扔的垃圾应是污染了河水。故选D。 5．句意：动物们讨论了很长时间。 year年；time时间；land土地；break休息，打破。根据“The animals discussed for a long…”，此处是一个常用英文表达for a long time“很长时间”。故选B。 6．句意：最后，它们计划给这些人一个教训。 lesson课程，教训；test测试、考试；text文本；class班级、课堂。根据“they planned to teach those people a…”可知，此处是一个常用英文表达teach sb a lesson“给某人一个教训”。故选A。 7．句意：晚上，一些兔子悄悄地去了镇上，把它们的粪便放进水管里。 quietly安静地，悄悄地；happily开心地；hardly几乎不；strongly强壮地。根据“At night, some rabbits went to the town…and put their manure (粪便) into the water pipes.”可知，兔子们应是悄悄地去了镇上。故选A。 8．句意：第二天早上，人们打开水龙头却发现水很脏。 dry干的；dirty脏的；dark黑暗的；fresh新鲜的。根据“put their manure (粪便) into the water pipes.”可知，粪便被放进水管里，水应是很脏。故选B。 9．句意：他们给水厂打了电话，但水厂不知道发生了什么。 happen发生，动词原形；happened发生，动词过去式或过去分词形式；happening发生，动词现在分词或动名词；happens发生，动词第三人称单数形式。根据“but the factory didn’t know what…”可知，此处时态为一般过去时，动词使用过去式。故选B。 10．句意：于是人们沿河而行，寻找原因。 way方法；reason原因；report报告；picnic野餐。根据前文和“So people walked along the river to look for the…”可知，人们应是寻找水是脏的原因。故选B。 11．句意：当他们看到河边有很多垃圾时，他们终于知道问题出在哪里了。 trees树；water水；waste垃圾；problems问题。根据前文“people in the nearby town always threw rubbish into the river.”可知，人们应是在河边看到了许多垃圾。故选C。 12．句意：人们知道水对他们来说很重要。 friendly友好的；tidy整洁的；clean干净的；important重要的。根据“People knew water was…to them.”可知，水对人们来说应是很重要。故选D。 13．句意：很快他们开始清理活动。 band乐队；report报告；activity活动；blog博客。根据前文和“Soon they started a clean-up…”可知，河边有很多垃圾，人们应是做了清理活动，clean-up activity“清理活动”。故选C。 14．句意：动物们对此非常开心。 sad难过的；bored无聊的；angry生气的；happy开心的。根据“Through their hard work, the river became clean again.”可知，看到河水再次变得干净，动物应是很开心。故选D。 15．句意：人类和动物共同努力爱护自然资源，比如水。 take care of爱护；make fun of取笑；take part in参与；worry about担心。根据“The two groups worked together to… natural resources”可知，此处指的是人类和动物与共同努力爱护自然资源。故选A。 Passage 4 This year, we have a new classmate in our class. 1 name is Henry. Now I want 2 you something about him. Henry is 3 Australia. He is now 4 in Beijing with his family. Every day he gets up at about six thirty and 5 breakfast at seven o’clock. Then he leaves home at seven fifteen. He goes to school 6 bus and he gets there at seven forty-five. Henry studies very hard, 7 he is good at all the subjects. The first class begins at eight. There 8 four lessons in the morning. Morning classes are over at eleven fifty, 9 he has lunch at twelve. Afternoon classes 10 at one thirty. There are two lessons in 11 afternoon. They are over at three ten. Henry stays at school for another hour to play basketball, and he 12 play it very well. After that he gets home at about four thirty. Henry usually has dinner at six. In the evening he 13 his homework. Sometimes he watches TV. He goes to bed at about ten. Henry often tells jokes to make us 14 , so we all like to stay with him. Do you want to make friends 15 him? 1．A．He B．His C．He’s D．Him 2．A．to tell B．telling C．tells D．tell 3．A．from B．for C．of D．to 4．A．stays B．stay C．staying D．to stay 5．A．have B．has C．had D．having 6．A．by B．on C．at D．into 7．A．but B．because C．if D．so 8．A．are B．is C．be D．were 9．A．or B．and C．after D．but 10．A．begins B．beginning C．begin D．began 11．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 12．A．can B．will C．should D．would 13．A．doing B．to do C．do D．does 14．A．happy B．happier C．happiest D．happily 15．A．for B．with C．about D．to 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．D 8．A 9．B 10．C 11．C 12．A 13．D 14．A 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了新同学Henry的基本情况、日常作息和性格特点。 【详解】1．句意：他的名字叫Henry。 He他，主格；His他的，物主代词；He’s他是；Him他，宾格。修饰名词“name”应用形容词性物主代词his。故选B。 2．句意：现在我想告诉你一些关于他的事情。 to tell告诉，动词不定式；telling动名词；tells动词第三人称单数形式；tell动词原形。want to do sth.“想要做某事”，为固定短语。故选A。 3．句意：Henry来自澳大利亚。 from来自；for为了；of……的；to到。根据“Australia”可知，此处应用固定短语be from“来自”，表示他来自澳大利亚。故选A。 4．句意：他现在和家人一起住在北京。 stays动词第三人称单数形式；stay动词原形；staying现在分词；to stay动词不定式。根据“He is now...in Beijing with his family.”可知，此处应用现在分词staying，与“is”构成现在进行时，表示现阶段状态。故选C。 5．句意：每天他大约六点半起床，七点钟吃早饭。 have动词原形；has动词第三人称单数形式；had动词过去式；having现在分词。根据“and”可知，此处与“gets”并列，应用动词第三人称单数形式has。故选B。 6．句意：他乘公共汽车去上学，他在7点45分到达那里。 by通过；on在……上；at在；into进入。“by+交通工具”表示“乘坐……”，by bus“乘公共汽车”。故选A。 7．句意：Henry学习非常努力，所以他擅长所有科目。 but但是；because因为；if如果；so所以。分析“Henry studies very hard...he is good at all the subjects.”可知，前后句是因果关系，前因后果，应用so连接。故选D。 8．句意：上午有四节课。 are主语为复数或you，用于一般现在时；is主语为第三人称单数或不可数名词；be动词原形；were过去式。根据“There...four lessons in the morning.”可知，此句用一般现在时陈述事实，主语“four lessons”为复数，be动词用are。故选A。 9．句意：上午的课11:50结束，他12点吃午饭。 or或者；and并且；after在……以后；but但是。分析“Morning classes are over at eleven fifty...he has lunch at twelve.”可知，前后句是并列关系，应用and连接。故选B。 10．句意：下午的课1:30开始。 begins动词第三人称单数形式；beginning现在分词；begin动词原形；began动词过去式。根据“Afternoon classes...at one thirty.”可知，此句用一般现在时陈述事实，主语“classes”为复数，谓语动词用原形。故选C。 11．句意：下午有两节课。 a不定冠词，表泛指；an不定冠词，表泛指；the定冠词，表特指；/不填。in the afternoon“在下午”，为固定搭配。故选C。 12．句意：Henry在学校又待了一个小时打篮球，他打得很好。 can能；will将要；should应该；would将会。根据“he...play it very well.”可知，此处指他篮球打得好，应用can表示能力。故选A。 13．句意：晚上他做作业。 doing动名词或现在分词；to do动词不定式；do动词原形；does动词三单。根据“In the evening he …his homework”可知，此句用一般现在时陈述事实，主语为“he”，动词用三单。故选D。 14．句意：Henry经常讲笑话让我们开心。 happy开心的，形容词原级；happier更开心，比较级；happiest最开心，最高级；happily开心地，副词原级。“make sb.+adj.”表示“使某人……”，此处无比较意味，应用形容词原级happy。故选A。 15．句意：你想和他交朋友吗？ for为了；with和；about关于；to到。make friends with“和……交朋友”，为固定搭配。故选B。 Passage 5 Starting junior high school is an exciting new chapter (篇章). You’ll meet new classmates and teachers. You may feel a little nervous at first, but with small steps, you’ll adapt (适应) much 1 than you expected. First, be friendly 2 everyone. Smile when talking to classmates—it’s 3 for you to build friendships. Second, organize your school things. With more subjects, a notebook for each class helps you 4 tidy. Third, listen carefully in class. Teachers explain clearly, and taking notes is 5 useful way to review (复习). If you don’t understand, don’t be afraid 6 teachers or classmates for help. 7 are always there to help. Also, join school activities, too. Clubs or sports teams 8 you chances to make friends and have fun. Remember to balance study and rest. Enough sleep every night 9 important for your studies. Finally, 10 yourself. Every day is a new chance to grow. Junior high life will be wonderful if you try your best. 11 you have free time, you can talk with your parents about school life. Your classmates are your partners in 12 ways. You needn’t worry 13 about exams. Study hard, and you will pass exams 14 . Junior high 15 us knowledge and life skills. 1．A．soon B．more soon C．sooner D．more sooner 2．A．to B．for C．of D．with 3．A．help B．helpful C．helpless D．boring 4．A．staying B．stayed C．stay D．will stay 5．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 6．A．ask B．asked C．asking D．to ask 7．A．Them B．Their C．They D．Theirs 8．A．give B．gives C．gave D．to give 9．A．is B．are C．was D．were 10．A．believing B．believed C．believe D．to believe 11．A．When B．But C．What D．Before 12．A．many B．much C．many too D．too many 13．A．many too B．too much C．much too D．too many 14．A．easy B．easily C．easier D．more easily 15．A．teach B．teaching C．taught D．teaches 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．D 7．C 8．A 9．A 10．C 11．A 12．A 13．B 14．B 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了进入初中是一个令人兴奋的新篇章，文章给出了一些建议，帮助新生更好地适应初中生活，包括友好待人、整理学习用品、认真听课、寻求帮助、参加学校活动、平衡学习和休息、相信自己等。 【详解】1．句意：一开始你可能会有点紧张，但只要迈出一小步，你就会比预期更快地适应。 soon很快；more soon表述错误；sooner更快；more sooner表述错误。根据“than”可知，此处应用比较级形式。故选C。 2．句意：首先，对每个人都要友好。 to到；for为了；of……的；with和。be friendly to sb“对某人友好”，固定短语。故选A。 3．句意：和同学交谈时微笑——这对你建立友谊很有帮助。 help帮助；helpful有帮助的；helpless无助的；boring无聊的。根据“it’s…for you to build friendships.”可知，微笑对建立友谊有帮助，应用形容词helpful作表语。故选B。 4．句意：随着课程的增多，每节课都准备一个笔记本可以帮助你保持整洁。 staying保持，动名词形式；stayed过去式；stay动词原形；will stay一般将来时。help sb do sth“帮助某人做某事”，固定短语，所以此处应用动词原形。故选C。 5．句意：老师讲解得很清楚，记笔记是复习的一种有效方法。 a一个，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表特指；/零冠词。根据“taking notes is…useful way to review”可知，此处表示泛指“一种有效的方法”，且useful是以辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a修饰。故选A。 6．句意：如果你不明白，不要害怕向老师或同学寻求帮助。 ask问，动词原形；asked过去式；asking动名词形式；to ask动词不定式。be afraid to do sth“害怕做某事”，固定短语，所以此处应用动词不定式。故选D。 7．句意：他们总是在那里提供帮助。 Them他们，宾格；Their他们的，形容词性物主代词；They他们，主格；Theirs他们的，名词性物主代词。根据“…are always there to help.”可知，此处缺少主语，应用主格代词they作主语。故选C。 8．句意：俱乐部或运动队给你机会结交朋友和享受乐趣。 give给，动词原形；gives第三人称单数形式；gave过去式；to give动词不定式。根据“Clubs or sports teams …you chances”可知，句子陈述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语是复数，谓语动词用原形。故选A。 9．句意：每晚充足的睡眠对你的学习很重要。 is是，be动词第三人称单数形式；are是，be动词复数形式；was是，be动词过去式；were是，be动词过去式复数形式。根据“Enough sleep every night…important for your studies.”可知，句子陈述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语是不可数名词，be动词用is。故选A。 10．句意：最后，相信自己。 believing相信，动名词形式；believed过去式；believe动词原形；to believe动词不定式。根据“Finally, …yourself.”可知，此处是祈使句，应用动词原形开头。故选C。 11．句意：当你有空的时候，你可以和你的父母谈谈学校生活。 When当……时候；But但是；What什么；Before在……之前。根据“…you have free time, you can talk with your parents about school life.”可知，此处表示“当……时候”，应用when引导时间状语从句。故选A。 12．句意：你的同学在很多方面是你的伙伴。 many许多，修饰可数名词复数；much许多，只能修饰不可数名词，不能修饰复数名词 ways；many too 为错误搭配；too many 意为“太多”，与语境不符。根据“Your classmates are your partners in many ways.”可知，此处表示“在很多方面”，应用 many 修饰复数名词 ways。故选A。 13．句意：你不必太担心考试。 many too表述错误；too much太多，修饰不可数名词或动词；much too表述错误；too many太多，修饰可数名词复数。根据“You needn’t worry…about exams.”可知，此处表示“不必太担心考试”，worry about“担心”，此处应用too much修饰动词worry。故选B。 14．句意：努力学习，你就会轻松通过考试。 easy容易的，形容词；easily容易地，副词；easier更容易的，形容词比较级；more easily更容易地，副词比较级。根据“Study hard, and you will pass exams….”可知，此处修饰动词pass，应用副词形式，且句中没有比较之意，所以应用副词原形easily。故选B。 15．句意：初中教给我们知识和生活技能。 teach教，动词原形；teaching动名词形式；taught过去式；teaches第三人称单数形式。根据“Junior high…us knowledge and life skills.”可知，句子陈述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语是单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故选D。 Passage 6 13 September 2024 I’m so happy! Today I had 1 amazing art class at school. I made a lacquer fan (漆扇) by myself. Nowadays, lacquer fans are popular. They are not only fans, but also works of art. I want to have one, 2 . At the beginning, the teacher 3 us the history of lacquer. Lacquer first appeared in the Tang and Song dynasties (朝代). It has a long history in 4 country. Then the teacher provided us 5 water, lacquer and fans with different shapes and sizes. We 6 lacquer and water to do lacquer fan painting. 7 can we make a lacquer fan? It is very 8 . First, choose our favorite colors. Second, drip the colored lacquer into the water. Third, stir it. Fourth, put the fan into the water for a while, and then take it out and dry it. What’s more, we 9 change the pattern by blowing or stirring the water. It 10 me only a few minutes to finish it. When everyone finished, the teacher asked us 11 our fans. There 12 no two same fans in our class! 13 you write a Chinese poem on your fan, that will be nicer. Making a lacquer fan is like opening a blind box. No one 14 what patterns we can get. I 15 more lacquer fans. I can’t wait! 1．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．A．too B．also C．either D．as well as 3．A．tells B．is telling C．told D．will tell 4．A．we B．us C．our D．ours 5．A．for B．of C．to D．with 6．A．use B．used C．to use D．using 7．A．What B．Why C．When D．How 8．A．easy B．easier C．easiest D．easily 9．A．can B．must C．should D．could 10．A．spent B．took C．cost D．paid 11．A．show B．showing C．to show D．showed 12．A．is B．are C．was D．were 13．A．If B．So C．But D．Or 14．A．is knowing B．knows C．knew D．will know 15．A．make B．made C．am making D．am going to make 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．D 6．B 7．D 8．A 9．A 10．B 11．C 12．D 13．A 14．B 15．D 【导语】本文讲述了作者在学校的一次特别的美术课。 【详解】1．句意：今天我在学校上了一节很棒的美术课。 a一，泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一，泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the特指；/不填。根据“amazing art class”可知，此处泛指一节美术课，且amazing是元音音素开头的单词，故选B。 2．句意：我也想有一个。 too也，用于肯定句句末，常用逗号隔开；also也，用于句中，be动词后，实义动词前；either也，用于否定句句末；as well as此外。根据“I want to have one,”可知，此处指“我也想有一个”，且句子为肯定句，too符合题意。故选A。 3．句意：一开始，老师告诉我们漆的历史。 tells讲述，一般现在时；is telling讲述，现在进行时；told讲述，一般过去时；will tell将讲述，一般将来时。根据“At the beginning”及“the history of lacquer”可知，此处描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时。故选C。 4．句意：在我们国家它有很长的历史。 we我们，人称代词主格；us我们，人称代词宾格；our我们的，形容词性物主代词；ours我们的，名词性物主代词。根据“It has a long history in…country”可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词our修饰名词country，表示“在我们国家”。故选C。 5．句意：然后老师提供给我们水、漆和不同形状和大小的扇子。 for为了；of……的；to到；with和。根据“Then the teacher provided us…water, lacquer and fans with different shapes and sizes”可知，此处考查provide sb with sth“提供给某人某物”，为固定搭配，故选D。 6．句意：我们用漆和水来做漆扇绘画。 use使用，动词原形；used使用，过去式；to use使用，动词不定式；using使用，动名词或现在分词。根据“We…lacquer and water to do lacquer fan painting”可知，此处指我们用漆和水来做漆扇绘画，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故选B。 7．句意：我们怎么做漆扇？ What什么；Why为什么；When什么时候；How如何。根据“It is very…First, choose our favorite colors”可知，此处询问如何做漆扇，how符合题意。故选D。 8．句意：这很容易。 easy容易的，形容词原级；easier更容易，比较级；easiest最容易，最高级；easily容易地，副词。根据“It is very…”可知，此处应用形容词作表语，且此处没有比较对象，应用形容词原级。故选A。 9．句意：此外，我们可以通过吹或搅动水来改变图案。 can可以；must必须；should应该；could可以，过去式或委婉语气。根据“we…change the pattern by blowing or stirring the water”可知，此处指我们可以通过吹或搅动水来改变图案，can符合题意。故选A。 10．句意：我花了几分钟就完成了。 spent花费，主语为人；took花费，常用于it句型；cost花费，主语为物；paid支付。根据“It…me only a few minutes to finish it”可知，此处应用句型“It takes/took sb some time to do sth”，且句子为一般过去时，所以此处应用took。故选B。 11．句意：当每个人都完成时，老师要求我们展示我们的扇子。 show展示，动词原形；showing展示，动名词或现在分词；to show展示，动词不定式；showed展示，过去式。根据“the teacher asked us…our fans”可知，此处应用ask sb to do sth结构，意为“要求某人做某事”，所以此处应用动词不定式to show。故选C。 12．句意：我们班里没有两把相同的扇子！ is是，一般现在时的第三人称单数形式；are是，一般现在时的复数形式；was是，一般过去时的第三人称单数形式；were是，一般过去时的复数形式。根据“There…no two same fans in our class”可知，此处是there be句型，且主语“no two same fans”为复数，该句描述过去的动作，为一般过去时，所以此处应用were。故选D。 13．句意：如果你在扇子上写一首中文诗，那就更好了。 If如果；So因此；But但是；Or或者。根据“…you write a Chinese poem on your fan, that will be nicer”可知，此处是if引导的条件状语从句，此处指的“如果”在扇子上写一首中文诗，那就更好了。故选A。 14．句意：没有人知道我们能得到什么图案。 is knowing知道，现在进行时；knows知道，一般现在时；knew知道，一般过去时；will know将知道，一般将来时。根据“No one…what patterns we can get”可知，此处指没有人知道我们能得到什么图案，此处表示客观事实，应用一般现在时，且主语为不定代词no one，所以此处应用动词的第三人称单数形式knows。故选B。 15．句意：我想做更多的漆扇。 make制作，动词原形；made制作，过去式；am making正在制作，现在进行时；am going to make打算制作，一般将来时。根据“I…more lacquer fans. I can’t wait”可知，此处指“我想做更多的漆扇。我迫不及待了”，此处表示将来的打算，应用一般将来时am going to make。故选D。 Passage 7 People use more than just words to communicate. In fact, some researchers claim that 1 than half of a spoken message’s real meaning is in the words used in the message. They say that most of a message’s meaning comes from 2 how the speaker uses things like tone of voice and body language. Body language 3 such things as the expression on the speaker’s face, gestures the speaker makes with 4 hands, and the position of the speaker’s body. Just as there are many different languages spoken around the world, 5 many ways for people to use body language, 6 . For example, gestures 7 have different meanings in different cultures. 8 a “thumbs up” sign in America means “Great!” However, in Arab cultures, this gesture is offensive. And in India, 9 listeners want to show speakers that they understand, they won’t nod their heads. Instead, the listeners will move their heads 10 side to side. Although many gestures can be explained 11 , many gestures express the same meaning. For example, a large smile is understood as a sign of friendship or goodwill around the world. Also, using 12 open hand to gesture toward something is viewed as polite or friendly in most cultures. Body language experts point 13 one important thing. The person’s culture is only one factor (因素) 14 can influence his or her use of body language. The time and place where the body language is being used can have a lot to do with a person’s body language. If the person has had a bad day or if a meeting takes place in a crowded place, the body language a person uses may be very different from that under 15 situations. 1．A．few B．fewer C．little D．less 2．A．understand B．understanding C．understood D．to understand 3．A．include B．includes C．included D．including 4．A．he B．him C．his D．himself 5．A．there is B．there are C．there was D．there were 6．A．too B．either C．neither D．also 7．A．must B．may C．should D．need to 8．A．Make B．To make C．Making D．Makes 9．A．although B．if C．because D．so 10．A．between B．at C．from D．towards 11．A．different B．more different C．differently D．more differently 12．A．the B．a C．an D．/ 13．A．out B．at C．to D．in 14．A．who B．whom C．what D．that 15．A．other B．others C．another D．the other 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．B 10．C 11．C 12．C 13．A 14．D 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章讲述了人们沟通不仅依靠语言，研究人员称口头信息实际含义的一半以上并非来自所用词汇，大部分来自对说话者语气、肢体语言等的理解，还介绍了肢体语言的构成、不同文化中肢体语言含义的差异，以及影响肢体语言使用的因素。 【详解】1．句意：事实上，一些研究人员声称，口头信息实际含义的一半以上并非来自信息中所用的词汇。 few几乎没有，修饰可数名词复数；fewer更少的，修饰可数名词复数，比较级；little少量的，修饰不可数名词；less更少的，修饰不可数名词，比较级。根据“They say that most of a message’s meaning comes from…how the speaker uses things like tone of voice and body language.”可知，口头信息实际含义的一半以上并非来自所用词汇，表示比一半更少，需用比较级，“meaning”不可数，故选D。 2．句意：他们表示，信息的大部分含义来自对说话者如何运用语气和肢体语言等方式的理解。 understand理解，动词原形；understanding理解，动名词/现在分词；understood理解，过去式/过去分词；to understand理解，动词不定式。根据“comes from...how the speaker uses things like tone of voice and body language”可知，“from”是介词，后接动名词，故选B。 3．句意：肢体语言包括说话者的面部表情、用手做出的手势以及说话者的身体姿势等。 include包含，原形；includes包含，第三人称单数；included包含，过去式/过去分词；including包含，动名词/现在分词。根据“Body language...such things as the expression on the speaker’s face”可知，主语是不可数名词，谓语用第三人称单数，故选B。 4．句意：肢体语言包括说话者的面部表情、用手做出的手势以及说话者的身体姿势等。 he他，主格；him他，宾格；his他的，形容词性物主代词；himself他自己，反身代词。根据“gestures the speaker makes with...hands”可知，“hands”是名词，需用形容词性物主代词修饰，故选C。 5．句意：就像世界上有许多不同的语言一样，人们使用肢体语言的方式也有很多。 there is有，单数，一般现在时；there are有，复数，一般现在时；there was有，单数，一般过去时；there were有，复数，一般过去时。根据“many ways for people to use body language”可知，“many ways”是复数，且全文时态为一般现在时，用“there are”，故选B。 6．句意：就像世界上有许多不同的语言一样，人们使用肢体语言的方式也有很多。 too也，肯定句末；either也，否定句末；neither两者都不；also也，句中。根据“Just as there are many different languages spoken around the world...many ways for people to use body language”可知，此处表“也”，肯定句末用“too”，故选A。 7．句意：例如，手势在不同文化中可能有不同的含义。 must必须；may可能；should应该；need to需要。根据“different meanings in different cultures”可知，手势在不同文化中“可能”有不同含义，表推测，故选B。 8．句意：在美国，竖大拇指的手势意思是“太棒了！”。 Make制作，原形；To make制作，不定式；Making制作，动名词/现在分词；Makes制作，第三人称单数。根据“…a ‘thumbs up’ sign in America means ‘Great!’”可知，此处需动名词作主语，故选C。 9．句意：在印度，如果听众想向说话者表示自己明白了，他们不会点头。 although尽管；if如果；because因为；so所以。根据“…listeners want to show speakers that they understand, they won’t nod their heads”可知，“听众想表示明白”是“不会点头”的条件，用“if”引导条件状语从句，故选B。 10．句意：相反，听众会左右摇头。 between在……之间；at在，具体点；from从；towards朝向。根据“move their heads…side to side”可知，“from side to side”表示“左右，摇摆”，是固定搭配，故选C。 11．句意：尽管许多手势的解释方式可能不同，但许多手势表达的含义是相同的。 different不同的，形容词；more different更不同的，比较级，形容词；differently不同地，副词；more differently更不同地，比较级，副词。根据“many gestures can be explained…”可知，“explained”是动词，需用副词修饰，且此处无比较含义，用原级，故选C。 12．句意：此外，在大多数文化中，用一只张开的手指向某物被视为礼貌或友好的行为。 the定冠词，表特指；a不定冠词，修饰辅音音素开头的词；an不定冠词，修饰元音音素开头的词；/零冠词。根据“using…open hand to gesture toward something”可知，“open hand”中“open”是元音音素开头，且表泛指“一只张开的手”，用“an”，故选C。 13．句意：肢体语言专家指出一个重要的问题。 out向外；at在；to到；in在……里。根据“Body language experts point…one important thing”可知，是“point out”短语，表“指出”，故选A。 14．句意：一个人的文化只是影响其肢体语言使用的一个因素。 who谁，指人，作主语或宾语；whom谁，指人，作宾语；what什么，指物，不引导定语从句；that那个，指人/物，作主语/宾语。根据“The person’s culture is only one factor...can influence his or her use of body language”可知，先行词“factor”是物，且从句中缺少主语，用“that”引导定语从句，故选D。 15．句意：如果一个人这一天过得不好，或者会议在拥挤的地方举行，他所使用的肢体语言可能与其他情况下大不相同。 other其他的，后接复数名词；others其他人或物，代词，后不接名词；another另一个，后接单数名词；the other两者中的另一个。根据“different from that under...situations”可知，“situations”是复数，用“other”修饰，故选A。 Passage 8 Dear Alice, In your letter, you say you don’t know the daily life of Chinese students. Now I’m writing to tell you more about myself and my school life. I am a 1 girl. I live in a flat in a town in Guangzhou. It’s not very far from the city center. There is a small forest near my house. 2 forest is very beautiful with many trees and flowers. In the evening, I often take my dog Happy there for a walk. I am a student at Sunshine Middle School. Our school isn’t very big, 3 it is very clean and tidy. It’s just one street away from my house. Sometimes 4 I’m having breakfast, I can see my friends going to school. Then my mother often 5 , “Hurry up, or you will be late for school.” There are about 6 students in my school, and many of them come from nearby towns. Our school starts at eight o’clock 7 Monday to Friday. My favourite subjects 8 English, Science and Music—I like English because it helps me talk with foreign friends, and I 9 enjoy singing in Music classes. Some scientific experiments (实验) are really 10 . But I’m not good at Maths. It is so difficult for me 11 Maths. After class, we often talk with each other about today’s classes or play on the playground. 12 do we usually do in P.E. class? We play basketball, football and other sports. The teachers here are good—they are 13 to us and love their job very much. In the evening, I often have dinner with my parents. Sometimes they help me 14 my homework. 15 wonderful my daily life is! This is my daily life. What about yours? Yours, Anna 1．A．twelve-years-old B．twelve years old C．twelve year old D．twelve-year-old 2．A．A B．An C．The D．/ 3．A．so B．and C．but D．or 4．A．where B．when C．until D．since 5．A．say B．says C．said D．saying 6．A．six hundred B．six hundreds C．six hundreds of D．hundred of 7．A．in B．on C．at D．from 8．A．be B．is C．are D．was 9．A．also B．either C．too D．as well 10．A．interest B．interested C．interesting D．interestingly 11．A．understand B．to understand C．understood D．understanding 12．A．Who B．What C．Where D．Why 13．A．friend B．friends C．friendly D．friendship 14．A．do B．doing C．to doing D．does 15．A．How B．How a C．What D．What a 【答案】 1．D 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．B 6．A 7．D 8．C 9．A 10．C 11．B 12．B 13．C 14．A 15．A 【导语】本文是一封书信，信中主要介绍了中国学生Anna的学校生活。 【详解】1．句意：我是一个12岁的女孩。 twelve-years-old错误形式；twelve years old十二岁；twelve year old错误形式；twelve-year-old十二岁的。修饰“girl”需用复合形容词，结构为“数词-名词单数-形容词”，故选D。 2．句意：这片树林有很多树和花，非常漂亮。 A不定冠词，泛指；An不定冠词，泛指；The定冠词，特指前文提到的事物；/零冠词。前文已提到“a small forest”，再次提及需用定冠词“The”表特指，故选C。 3．句意：我们的学校不大，但非常干净整洁。 so所以；and和；but但是；or或者。“isn’t very big”与“very clean and tidy”是转折关系，用“but”连接，故选C。 4．句意：有时当我吃早餐时，我能看到我的朋友去上学。 where哪里；when当……时；until直到；since自从。根据“I’m having breakfast”可知是当我正在吃早餐时。此处引导时间状语从句，表示“吃早餐时”，用“when”，故选B。 5．句意：然后我妈妈经常说：“快点，否则你上学要迟到了。” say说，动词原形；says说，第三人称单数；said说，过去式；saying说，现在分词。主语“my mother”是第三人称单数，由often可知是一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数“says”，故选B。 6．句意：我们学校大约有六百名学生，很多来自附近的城镇。 six hundred六百；six hundreds错误形式；six hundreds of错误形式；hundred of错误形式。表示具体数量“六百”用“six hundred”，hundred前有具体数词时不加“s”，也不接“of”，故选A。 7．句意：我们学校从周一到周五八点开始上课。 in在某年/月/季节；on在具体某天；at在具体某一刻；from从……。根据“...Monday to Friday”可知，此处是固定搭配“from...to...”，表示“从周一到周五”，故选D。 8．句意：我最喜欢的科目是英语、科学和音乐——我喜欢英语，因为它帮助我和外国朋友交流，而且我也喜欢在音乐课上唱歌。 be是，动词原形；is是，be动词的三单；are是，be动词的复数；was是，be动词的过去式。主语“subjects”是复数，全文是一般现在时，be动词用“are”，故选C。 9．句意：我最喜欢的科目是英语、科学和音乐——我喜欢英语，因为它帮助我和外国朋友交流，而且我也喜欢在音乐课上唱歌。 also也，用于句中；either也，用于否定句末；too也，用于肯定句末；as well也，用于句末。此处“也”在句中，用“also”，故选A。 10．句意：一些科学实验真的很有趣。 interest兴趣；interested对……感兴趣的，形容词，用来形容人；interesting有趣的，形容词，用来形容事物；interestingly有趣地，副词。此处作表语，主语是“experiments”，用形容词“interesting”，故选C。 11．句意：对我来说理解数学太难了。 understand理解，动词原形；to understand理解，不定式；understood理解，过去式；understanding理解，现在分词。该句为固定句型“It is+形容词+for sb. to do sth.”，表示“对某人来说做某事是……”，需用不定式“to understand”，故选B。 12．句意：我们在体育课上通常做什么？ Who谁；What什么；Where哪里；Why为什么。根据后文“We play basketball, football and other sports.”可知，此处询问“做什么”，用“What”，故选B。 13．句意：这里的老师很好——他们对我们很友好，而且非常热爱自己的工作。 friend朋友；friends朋友，复数；friendly友好的，形容词；friendship友谊。根据“they are... to us”可知，此处是固定搭配“be friendly to sb.”，表示“对某人友好”，故选C。 14．句意：有时他们帮我做作业。 do做，动词原形；doing做，现在分词；to doing介词加动名词；does做，第三人称单数。此处是固定搭配“help sb. (to) do sth.”，所以用“do”，故选A。 15．句意：我的日常生活多么美好啊！ How引导感叹句，修饰形容词或副词；How a错误形式；What引导感叹句，修饰不可数名词或可数名词复数；What a引导感叹句，修饰可数名词单数。此处中心词是形容词“wonderful”，所以用“How”，结构为“How+形容词+主语+谓语!”，故选A。 18 / 18乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $