上海复旦大学附属中学2023-2024学年第二学期高二年级英语学科5月第二次阶段性教学质量评估试卷

复旦大学附属中学2023学年第二学期 高二年级英语学科5月第二次阶段性教学质量评估试卷　答案 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A 1. recalling 2. was thrown 3. destroyed 4. being struck 5. to be caught 6. how 7. on 8. which 9. haven’t bothered 10. because Section B 11. C 12. A 13. G 14. I 15. E 16. B 17. F 18. J 19. K 20. D II. Reading Comprehension Section A 21. D 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. B 34. C 35. C Section B 36. C 37. A 38. A 39. D 40. C 41. A 42. B 43. A 44. B 45. B 46. D Section C 47. B 48. F 49. C 50. D III. Summary Writing 51. In 2020, employees couldn’t enjoy their annual leave. Some companies allowed employees to use it the next year, but might be under-staffed with too many employees on holiday. This may not happen in America or Japan, where taking vacation is a sign of lack of devotion. Sensible employers still allow employees to carry over their annual leave for their well-being. IV. Translation 52. She has devoted much of her time and energy to helping those homeless children. 53. Short trips that last two to three days are becoming a new trend in tourism. 54. This time-honoured tea shop, which has put up the sign of “Fresh Tea Available”, has attracted many customers. 55. At that time, there was no private phone at home, so writing letters became an important way for old friends to communicate with each other. V. Guided Writing 56. A Monumental Summer Experience My summer vacation was filled with various activities, but the most monumental and rewarding experience was undoubtedly my participation in a community volunteer program. I dedicated two weeks to teaching English and storytelling to underprivileged children at a local community center. Witnessing their eager eyes and radiant smiles as they grasped new concepts was genuinely heartwarming. The most profound takeaway from this experience was a heightened sense of social responsibility. Interacting with these children not only cultivated my empathy but also significantly enhanced my interpersonal and organizational skills. In essence, this voluntary endeavor taught me the true value of giving back to society. It was a profoundly meaningful summer, and the valuable lessons I learned from it will continue to inspire and guide me in the years to come. 第 1 页 / 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 复旦大学附属中学2023学年第二学期 高二年级英语学科5月第二次阶段性教学质量评估试卷 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Lightning Strikes! Three years ago a bolt of lightning all but ruined Lynn Miller's house in Aberdeen—with her two children inside. 'There was a huge rainstorm,' she says, 1          (recall) the terrifying experience. 'My brother and I were outside desperately working to stop floodwater from coming in the house. Suddenly I 2          (throw) to the ground by an enormous bang. When I picked myself up, I found the roof and the entire upper storey of the house completely 3          (destroy). The door was blocked by rubble (碎石), but we forced our way in and found the children, thankfully unharmed. Later I was told that 4          (strike) by lightning is a chance in a million.' In fact, it's calculated at one chance in 600,000. Even so, Dr Mark Keys of AER Technology, an organisation that monitors the effects of lightning, thinks you should be sensible, 'I wouldn't go out in a storm—but then I'm quite a careful person.' He advises anyone who is unlucky enough 5          (catch) in a storm to get down on the ground and curl up into a ball, making yourself as small as possible. Lightning is one of nature's displays of power. 250 years ago, Benjamin Franklin, the American scientist and statesman, proved that lightning is a form of electricity, but scientists still lack a complete understanding of 6          it works. Occasionally, there are indications that lightning may strike. Positive electrical charges streaming upwards from trees may make a noise, and people's hair can stand 7          end. Harold Deal, a retired electrician from South Carolina, USA, was struck by lightning 26 years ago. He was apparently unhurt, but it later emerged that the strike had damaged the part of the brain 8          controls the sensation of temperature. Since then the freezing South Carolina winters 9          (bother) Harold, since he is completely unable to feel the cold. Animals are victims of lightning, too. Hundreds of cows and sheep are killed every year, largely 10          they go under trees. In East Anglia in 1918, 504 sheep were killed instantaneously by the same bolt of lightning that hit the ground and travelled through the entire flock. Lightning is also responsible for starting more than 10,000 forest fires each year world-wide. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. address B. changes C. confidence D. limited E. options F. personalised G. redefine H. resistant I. stuck J. tailoring K. ventured Perfect Fashion by Numbers It's the disadvantage of online clothes shopping. You come across a shirt you simply must have, only to find that what you receive doesn't fit despite being in your size. How can you order clothes with 11          when you can't try them on? A new wave of start-ups are finding clever ways to 12          the problem. One of them wants to 13          our system for sizing clothes. "We think it's kind of ridiculous that despite all of us coming in so many different shapes and sizes, we're 14          with small, medium and large," says Matt Hornbuckle, co-founder of Stantt, a New Jersey-based firm that manufactures men's shirts to fit 70 sets of body measurements. To arrive at these, Hornbuckle hired another company to analyse 200,000 measurements of men's bodies, looking for correlations. It found that three numbers--chest size, waist and sleeve length--are enough to predict which of those 70 15          would best fit someone. Stantt's first shirts, priced at $98, will ship in May. The company's recent Kickstarter campaign raised $120,000 and collected pre-orders for around 1000 shirts--a sign, Hornbuckle says, that customers are eager for 16         . "The retail store itself, and how they operate, is becoming out of date," he says. Another start-up, Arden Reed, based in New York, wants to take this 17          approach a step further with its suits. Six months ago, the company began sizing customers using a remodeled truck equipped with a 3D body scanner. It has 14 Kinect sensors that record around 1.5 million body contour (外形，轮廓) points in a process lasting 10 minutes. The readings are turned into measurements for the 18          to be outsourced to producers, and customers receive their suit six weeks later for between $500 and $1,500. They can order more in the same size online. The scanner has 19          to Boston and Washington DC, and will make its first appearance in Miami this year. "The truck concept allows us not to be 20          to a store," says Carlos Solorio, Arden Reed's co-founder. Stantt and Arden Reed now want to expand their range to include women's clothing. II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Economists tend to be big fans of education, which is perhaps not surprising given how much of it they consume and how well their textbooks can do. Alfred Marshall, writing in 1873, hoped that education would help 21          the "distinction between workingmen and gentlemen". Gary Becker of the University of Chicago reimagined education as an 22          in "human capital" that would earn a return in the market. But economists can also be extremely 23          about schooling. The theory of signalling compares many educational certificates to peacock’s tails: costly encumbrances (累赘), 24          only as noticeable proof that their owners are intellectually strong enough to bear them. And in "The Social Limits to Growth", a book published in 1976, Fred Hirsch pointed out that education is often "positional" in nature. What 25          is not only how much you have, but whether you have more than the next person. For many students it is not enough merely to acquire a good education. They must obtain a better education than the people 26          them in the queue for sought-after jobs. Positional goods are, by their nature, in strictly 27          supply. Everyone can in principle live in a good neighbourhood, attend a good school, and work in a good job. But logic 28          says that not everyone can enjoy the nicest neighbourhoods, best schools or most decent jobs. An unhappy 29          is that one family's expenses on schooling raise the bar for everyone else. Families are drawn, often unconsciously, into educational arms races. They spend money and time on after-school tutoring or extracurricular activities in the expectation that it will improve their child's 30          in the queue for advancement. But they quickly discover that everyone else is doing the same, leaving them in the same position as before. They are in fact worse off, 31          the costs and frustration caused. "If everyone stands on tiptoe, no one sees better," Hirsch noted. And their feet also 32         . The arms race is notably less than 33          in parts of Europe. In Norway and Sweden parents show little demand for tutoring. And overeducation is less common in Germany and other countries that sort children early into academic or vocational schools, with little 34          between the two, according to a study by Valentina Di Stasio of Utrecht University together with Thijs Bol and Herman Vande Werfhorst of the University of Amsterdam. Vocational schools are supposed to teach what employers want employees to know. That may limit the scope for certification inflation (通货膨胀). For better or worse, they also remove large numbers of the students from the race for more 35          achievements. 21. A. identify B. increase C. neglect D. erase 22. A. interest B. advantage C. investment D. experiment 23. A. critical B. curious C. realistic D. optimistic 24. A. famous B. useful C. available D. dismissed 25. A. matters B. happens C. follows D. changes 26. A. depending on B. looking after C. turning to D. competing with 27. A. limited B. fixed C. endless D. actual 28. A. unwillingly B. softly C. sadly D. daily 29. A. relationship B. demonstration C. solution D. consequence 30. A. performance B. position C. balance D. efficiency 31. A. because of B. in spite of C. by means of D. in case of 32. A. sank B. hurt C. moved D. crossed 33. A. final B. intense C. open D. adequate 34. A. agreement B. distance C. difference D. mobility 35. A. technical B. cultural C. academic D. vocational Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. （A） There are still many things that Peter Cooke would like to try his hand at--paper-making and feather-work are on his list. For the moment though, he will stick to the skill that he has been delighted to perfect over the past ten years: making delicate and unusual objects out of shells. "Tell me if I am boring you," he says, as he leads me round his apartment showing me his work. There is a fine line between being a bore and being an enthusiast, but Cooke need not worry: he fits into the latter category, helped both by his charm and by the beauty of the things he makes. He points to a pair of shell-covered ornaments (装饰品) above a fireplace. 'I shan't be at all bothered if people don't buy them because I have got so used to them, and to me they're adorable. I never meant to sell my work commercially. Some friends came to see me about five years ago and said, "You must have an exhibition--people ought to see these. We'll talk to a man who owns an art gallery"' The result was an exhibition in London, at which 70 per cent of the objects were sold. His second exhibition opened at the gallery yesterday. Considering the enormous prices the pieces command--around £2,000 for the ornaments--an empty space above the fireplace would seem a small sacrifice for Cooke to make. There are 86 pieces in the exhibition, with prices starting at £225 for a shell-flower in a crystal vase. Cooke insists that he has nothing to do with the prices and is cheerily open about their level: he claims there is nobody else in the world who produces work like his, and, as the gallery-owner told him, 'Well, you're going to stop one day and everybody will want your pieces because there won't be any more.' Cooke has created his own method and uses materials as and when he finds them. He uses the cardboard sent back with laundered shirts for his flower bases, a nameless glue bought from a sailmaker ('If it runs out, I don't know what I will do!') and washing-up liquid to wash the shells. 'I have an idea of what I want to do, and it just does itself,' he says of his working method, yet the attention to detail, colour gradations and symmetry (对称) he achieves look far from accidental. 36. What can be learned about Peter Cooke from the first paragraph? A. He has produced objects with different materials. B. He was praised for his shell objects many years ago. C. He hopes to work with other materials in the future. D. He has written about his love for shell objects. 37. When looking round his apartment, the writer A. is attracted by Cooke's personality B. realises he finds Cooke's work boring C. feels uncertain about giving Cooke his opinion D. senses that Cooke wants his products to be admired 38. The "small sacrifice" in paragraph 3 refers to_ A. the loss of Cooke's ornaments B. the display of Cooke's ornaments C. the cost of keeping Cooke's ornaments D. the space required to store Cooke's ornaments 39. When talking about the artist's working method, the writer implies that Cooke A. is unaware of the unique quality his work has B. accepts that he sometimes makes mistakes C. undervalues the materials that he uses D. underrates his creative contribution （B） Can you imagine being a student at university before computers appeared? Before the technological revolution in the 1980s, if you didn't want to write by hand, you had a typewriter. Curious about the history of the typewriter? Although the first writing machines were built in the 14th century, they varied in size and shape; some were as large as pianos! The first typewriter was patented in England in 1714, but typewriters as we know them didn't actually kick off as manufactured products until the late 1800s. So how does it work? First, you need keys to press. When you press a key, it makes another lever called the type hammer move up towards the paper. The type hammer has the metal bar with the letters attached to it at the end. Just before the letter hits the paper, a piece of cloth with ink on it called the ribbon moves upwards between the type and the paper. The letter then appears in ink on the piece of paper. When you take your finger off the key, a spring makes the hammer move back to where it was before. At the same time, the carriage, which is the cylinder-shaped (圆柱状的) part at the top where the paper is held, moves to the left. You can therefore continue to write the word that you want. When the carriage gets to the end of a line, you hear a bell. When you hear the bell, you press the carriage return lever on the left-hand side of the typewriter, which moves the paper up, so that you can continue writing on a new line. *lever: a long bar that you use to lift or move something by pressing one end 40. Which of the following statements is true regarding the history of the typewriter? A. The typewriters were mostly as big as pianos in the 1300s. B. The year of 1980 marked the beginning of its decline. C. Its mass production didn't start until the late 1800s. D. The first one was invented in the year of 1714. 41. What is the function of the ribbon in a typewriter? A. To transfer ink onto the paper. B. To move the carriage to the left. C. To hold the paper in the correct position. D. To protect the type hammer from damage. 42. What does the bell indicate? A. You have run out of ink. B. You need to start a new line. C. You need to re-load the paper. D. You have a problem with the carriage. （C） Company analysts, once among the most promising professionals in the stockmarket, are being culled. New European rules, with the catchy name of MiFID2, have just dealt analysts another blow. A study by Greenwich Associates estimates that the budget for the research they perform may drop by 20% this year. In their best days in the late 1980s and early 1990s, analysts could make or break corporate reputations. A "buy" or "sell" recommendation from the leading two or three analysts in an industry could move a share price substantially. Fund managers, and many financial journalists, relied on analysts to spot those companies that were rising, and those where the accounts revealed signs of trouble. And the best analysts were very well paid. But that golden age was built on certain foundations. Analysts were well paid because they worked for the big investment banks. But those big banks made money not just by helping investors to trade but also by advising companies on new issues. In such circumstances, there was a bargain that analysts would be positive about a company's prospects. If they were not, the chief executive might take his business elsewhere. Over time, there were far more "buy" recommendations than "sell" suggestions. This looked less like analysis than marketing. A second problem came in the 2000s as regulators cracked down on the way that companies released news to the market. Information could no longer be selectively released to favoured analysts. Meanwhile, those "Sherlock-like" analysts who liked to spot trends through independent company visits faced difficulties. Everything came to depend on the profits guidance issued by companies for the next quarter or year. And analysts dared not let their forecasts be too far from what the companies suggested. The result was that finance had created a poorly functioning market--one that was oversupplied with analysts who mostly offered the same product. Why, then, did it survive at all? The traditional way that investors rewarded banks for good research was not to pay for it directly, but to convey securities (有价证券) trades their way. This system created two conflict-of-interest questions. Were fund managers trading more than they needed to just to pay for their research? And were they getting the best terms available when they did that trade? In both cases, the client (客户), not the fund manager, was in effect paying for the service. Under the new MiFID rules, banks will not be allowed to combine research with other products. Fund managers will have to pay for it separately. As a result, they are expected to be much more selective. This recalls Dr Johnson's response when Boswell asked whether the Giant's Causeway in Northern Ireland was worth seeing. The great man replied: "Worth seeing, yes; but not worth going to see." The suspicion is that, for many fund managers, the work of analysis is "worth having, but not worth paying to have." 43. The word "culled" (in paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to A. dismissed B. promoted C. investigated D. required 44. It can be inferred from the passage that the writer thinks company analysts' analysis should have been more A. positive B. neutral C. understandable D. abstract 45. What problem did company analysts meet with in 2000? A. Companies provide them with incomplete news. B. They lost their exclusive access to certain information. C. Companies' profits guidance were unavailable to them. D. They found themselves in a poorly functioning market. 46. Which of the following is a possible consequence of the new MiFID rules? A. Fewer clients will be willing to pay to see the analysis results. B. Analysts' research will have to be combined with certain products. C. Company analysts will have to pay for their research by themselves. D. Fund managers will be cautious while choosing what analysis to do. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Tea for Two Times the Price A. What if Turks can afford organic tea? B. A good thing, then, that there is tea, around which all can unite. C. In the second half of the 19th century, when tea arrived in the Ottoman empire, the economy was in decline. D. Price is just as important today. E. Tea wasn't Turks' favourite until recently. F. The state tea company, Caykur, the country's largest producer, will turn entirely to organic farming by 2023. There is so little Turks agree on these days that even settling on the country's national drink is hard. Secularists pick raki, a wine best had with baked fish and music. Religious conservatives, including President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, insist on a milky and non-alcoholic drink called ayran. 47          An average Turk gets through about 3.5kg of tea every year, or almost four glasses a day, ahead of every other country including Britain, India, China and Russia. Turkey is also the world's sixth-biggest producer of the leaf. No one has ever entered a house or a government office in Turkey without being offered a glass. (Cups are for coffee, or for tourists.) Now change is taking place in an ancient industry. The government is offering subsidies (补贴) to tea farmers who go organic, hoping that foreigners will then pay more for Turkish tea. 48          At one of the company's factories near Rize, a drab city bordered on one side by the sea and by mountains covered in green carpets of tea on the other, the manager, Koksal Kasapoglu, says the policy has already worked. Organic production at Caykur has shot up from under 100 acres a decade ago to about 10,000 today, about 5% of the total area under cultivation, he says. Tea owes its popularity in Turkey largely to price. 49          Many Turks chose the new drink over coffee, which they had been drinking for centuries, but which had become hard to afford. 50          Partly because organically grown tea requires more land to produce the same amount of crop, it costs roughly twice as much as the standard kind. Taxpayers' cash can no doubt persuade many farmers to go organic. But with the economy declining, convincing Turkish tea-drinkers to buy the stuff will be harder. III. Summary Writing Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Tough Breaks The year 2020 was a fairly tough year. It did not help that many employees were unable to enjoy a normal holiday, or had to change their plans. Two weeks in Spain might be replaced by a wet week in Cornwall, marked by an attempt to eat a pizza on the beach in the face of a sudden storm. Many people are left with unused annual leave. Some of them are lucky that their employers are willing to let them carry over a couple of weeks. However, not all companies can afford to be so kind. The more vital the worker, the more likely they will have been to be asked to postpone their annual leave. This may leave employers with headaches in the coming year as workers catch up before their unused holiday is lost. Brian Kropp of Gartner, a consultancy, expects the lion's share of staff shortages to land in the first half of 2021. Unlike their European peers, American and Japanese workers seem to give in to social pressure: the fear that taking vacation reflects a lack of commitment to their job. Many American states also allow companies to impose a "use it or lose it" policy, under which they can insist employees cannot carry over unused leave into the following year. That may have prompted a lot of workers to take an extended Christmas break to avoid the loss of their precious allowance. Still, wise employers may want to allow a little flexibility after what has been an extraordinarily difficult year. It is no good forcing people to turn up for work if, in the process, you cause permanent damage to their well-being. Indeed, the evidence seems to suggest that workers put in extra effort in 2020, with those working from home adding an extra hour to their work day. They avoided the trouble of travelling but also lost the clear separation of work from home life, which probably added to stress. IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 她投入了大量的时间和精力来帮助这些无家可归的孩子们。(devote) 53. 两到三天的短途游正成为旅游新趋势。(last) 54. 这家老字号茶庄挂出了 "新茶上市" 的招牌，吸引了不少顾客。(put up) 55. 当时，家中并无私人电话，写信是老友间互通有无的重要途径。(way) V. Guided Writing Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 56. 假设你是明启中学高三学生李明，最近你校英语报正在进行主题为 "My Summer Vacation" 的征文，你对此很感兴趣，决定写一篇文章投稿，内容须包括: 详细叙述在今年暑假里对你而言最有意义的一件事情； 你在这一件事情中的收获。 第 1 页 / 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $