精品解析：上海市南洋中学2026-2027学年高二上学期10月月考英语试卷

2026学年第一学期高二第一次阶段英语考试 （时间：90分钟 总分：100分） Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and a question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. At a bank. B. At a department store. C. At a lawyer’s office. D. At a school. 2. A. To do nothing but read a text. B. To do nothing but see a movie. C. To see a movie and write a paragraph. D. To read a chapter in the textbook. 3. A. She ordered it through mail. B. Mike gave it to her as a birthday present. C. It was a present from her parents. D. She got it while visiting her parents. 4. A. Go home. B. Get unhappy. C. Prepare for the party. D. Attend the party. 5. A. The hotel service is excellent. B. The hotel service is poor. C. The hotel is very expensive. D. She doesn’t like hotels with high quality. 6. A. He wants a party invitation. B. He wants a dinner party. C. He wants a tour of the house. D. He wants some hot drinks. 7. A. $68. B. $12. C. $8. D. $36. 8. A. No one on the bus was injured. B. More than one student on the bus was injured. C. Everyone on the bus was injured. D. Only one student on the bus was injured. 9. A. Give him the ring in the locker. B. Take the ring to the security office. C. Take the ring to the administration building. D. Put the ring in the locker. 10. A. Because she had to do some work. B. Because she doesn’t like to see the movie. C. Because the movie was on too late. D. Because the lecture was about the movie. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. A foreign expert. B. A friend of his. C. A group of new students. D. A group of visitors. 12. A. 6. B. 5. C. 4. D. 3. 13. A. A brief introduction to the college. B. A brief history of the college. C. The English department. D. The students’ studies. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. 18 B. 21. C. 25. D. 20. 15. A. America. B. China. C. Australia D. Canada. 16. A. By making telephone calls. B. By writing letters. C. By using the Internet. D. By sending photos. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. Collecting coins. B. Making decorations. C. Being idly. D. Collecting books. 18. A. Because he likes being idly. B. Because he hates hobbies. C. Because he likes working. D. Because he has no time. 19. A. Interesting. B. Colourful. C. Busy. D. Boring. 20. A. Teacher and student. B. Manager and secretary. C. Friends. D. Husband and wife. Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Being Human in the Age of Robots When I was a child, maybe seven years old, I took a test tube from a chemistry kit and put some water with food coloring and salts in it, and added on top of that a layer of oil — I called it “Freddie.” I was trying to create a new life form. Most people would agree that a bit of water and oil in a test tube is not a ____1____ (live) thing, but my childish assertion (断言) that it was may not be as foolish as it appears. It’s very difficult to give a satisfactory answer to what separates a living thing, like a single-celled organism that is little more than a bubble of water ____2____ (surround) by a thin film of oil, from a non-living one. People have dreamed of erasing the line between the living and the non-living at least since the ancient Greeks, ____3____ filled their mythologies (神话) with automata — complex machines that perfectly copied birds, or fantastical metal creatures such as mechanical flying horses. This reflects the wish to go ____4____ the limits nature has placed on us. We want stronger and smarter extensions of ____5____: robots that can work on Mars and AI chatbots that can help us with our chemistry homework. There are many people who even dream of replicating the neural networks in their brains onto silicon chips (硅芯片) and thus staying alive ____6____ electricity can be supplied to the computers hosting the copies of their minds. Today, the boundaries between the living and the non-living, and the limitations that define us, ____7____ (collapse) at an unbelievable rate. We have chatbots that respond intelligently. And interfaces (交互界面) between the human brain and machines now allow people to control robotic arms with their thoughts. Perhaps ____8____ (amazing) example was a video released by Boston Dynamics of its robots dancing to “Do You Love Me?” Those robots can really dance! Will robots take our jobs? Will they be better-looking, funnier, and more athletic than we are? Will they redefine what it means to be human? I think all of these are possibilities, but to what degree depends on us. In Europe, a law has been made ____9____ (limit) how AI can be used. One of the most important and exciting tasks of the near future will be to decide ____10____ we want the new lines to be. Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. campaigns    B. ensure    C. concern    D. beneficial    E. sustained F. transformational    G. gap    H. players    I. conservation    J. reveal    K. founded Voluntourism first emerged at scale in the 1990s. Since then, the industry has grown rapidly and now offers a wide variety of options. Volunteers can find themselves building houses in Honduras, teaching children in Morocco, or protecting endangered brown bears in central Italy. The sector is ____11____ by organizations that connect communities in need with volunteers. Some are charities or non-profits, while others are traditional businesses meeting and capitalizing on a healthy demand. Done diligently and ethically (符合道德地), voluntourism can have a(n) ____12____ impact on both recipients and volunteers, says Alex Tarrant, co-founder of Pod Volunteer. The organization, ____13____ in the early 2000s, focuses on animal welfare. Its volunteers may care for rescued dogs in Thailand and protect elephants in Namibia. Global Vision International is one of the bigger ____14____ in the market. Over the past 25 years, it has placed around 35,000 volunteers in more than 100 locations around the world. Its long-running cooperation with the Seychelles government has involved 1,000 participants in ocean ____15____ initiatives. Not all interactions, however, are as mutually ____16____. When making money and doing good come together, it is not surprising that ethical issues can arise. If a company lacks ethics, the profit margins (利润空间) in voluntourism can be “very, very high,” says Xavier Font, an expert in sustainability marketing. This is partly because costs are low while participants are often willing to pay more for their trips. There can also be an unfair power ____17____ between voluntourism operators and the often desperate projects they partner with. Since companies do not have to____18____ their costs, they can easily hide profits and take advantage of the situation. Another ____19____ is that willing but poorly prepared volunteers often repeat work that previous volunteers have already done. A worker at a voluntourism organization reportedly overheard a teacher say: “If one more volunteer comes in and teaches the children to sing ‘head, shoulders, knees, and toes,’ I’m going to scream.” Despite these problems, voluntourism is largely a force for good, concludes Sallie Grayson, co-founder of the non-profit People and Places. “The vast majority of volunteers want to do good, and it’s up to us to ____20____ that they can,” she said. “Well-matched, well-placed volunteers can make a real difference, I’m still convinced of that.” Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Ask Siri if she’s a woman. Go ahead; try it. She’ll tell you she’s ____21____. “Like cacti. And certain species of fish,” she might say. So is Amazon’s Alexa, Microsoft’s Cortana, Samsung’s S Voice, and Google Now. But, man, do they ever sound a lot like women. ____22____, we think of them as ladies too. (In Old Norse, Siri translates to “a beautiful woman who leads you to victory.”) We assign female pronouns to them, and, in turn, they fold feminine turns of phrase into their robotic and occasionally inane answers to our requests. If we prize gender diversity in other areas of daily life, why does our tech sound so ____23____? The biggest reason for the female phone fixation rests in social science. “Research indicates there’s likely to be greater acceptance of female ____24____,” says Karl MacDorman, an associate professor at Indiana University who specializes in human-computer interaction. MacDorman and his team played clips of male and female voices to people of both genders, then asked them to identify which they____25____. The researchers also measured the way participants responded to the voices. In a 2011 paper, they reported that both women and men said female voices came across as warmer. ____26____, women even showed a subconscious preference for responding to females; men remained subconsciously neutral (中立的). Why the prejudice (偏见)? Stanford University communications professor Clifford Nass, who coauthored the field’s seminal book, Wired for Speech, wrote that people tend to ____27____female voices as helping them solve their problems by themselves, while they view male voices as authority figures who tell them the answers to their problems. We want ____28____ to help us, but we also want to be the boss of it, so we are more likely to opt for a female interface. This tendency suggests that companies will make a better impression on a ____29____ group of customers with a woman’s voice. But not just any voice. It has to ____30____ a brand’s personality. For help with that, companies often turn to Greg Pal, vice president of marketing, strategy, and business development at Nuance Communications, which licenses its ____31____ of more than 100 voices. Pal insists that some brands choose male speakers. He turned on his iPhone and pulled up the Domino’s Pizza app, which has an assistant, Dom. He sounded like my high school English teacher — educated and helpful but not ____32____. That’s about right for a brand attempting to ____33____ guys ordering pies before the big game. As voice technology improves, though, designers say diversity will too. Many devices already let you ____34____ a voice interface. Homer Simpson can tell you where to take a left on your GPS device. And Siri can become a sir if you take the time to ____35____. Want to know how to do it? Ask her. She’ll tell you in her uniquely warm, helpful — and female-tone. 21. A. robotic  B. high-tech  C. genderless  D. creative 22. A. Culturally  B. Obviously  C. Grammatically  D. Undoubtedly 23. A. female  B. ridiculous  C. professional  D. reasonable 24. A. charm  B. researchers  C. speech  D. participants 25. A. accepted  B. misunderstood  C. studied  D. preferred 26. A. In practice  B. On the contrary  C. By this means  D. At first 27. A. consider  B. perceive  C. recognize  D. define 28. A. interaction  B. technology  C. personality  D. society 29. A. more sociable  B. more talented  C. broader  D. wealthier 30. A. improve  B. develop  C. admire  D. suit 31. A. market  B. business  C. research  D. library 32. A. strange  B. bossy  C. reliable  D. unique 33. A. appeal to  B. look into  C. meet with  D. run after 34. A. build  B. customize  C. play  D. improve 35. A. repeat  B. assist  C. reprogram  D. communicate Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) In the following excerpt, beaten badly by the horsetraders, Don Quixote and Sancho arrive at an inn. The innkeeper receives them unwillingly. After staying for one night, they want to leave without paying… (Rocinante is Don Quixote’s horse.)  “Look!” said Don Quixote in delight. “A castle!” “It’s an inn,” sighed Sancho, but he turned towards it. The innkeeper wasn’t very keen to take in a man who looked as battered (遭受重创的) as Don Quixote, but Sancho made up a story about falling off a rock, and the innkeeper’s wife found Don Quixote a place in the loft (阁楼). “He’s a knight errant (游侠骑士),” Sancho told her. “And I’m his squire (侍从).” “Well, I wouldn’t have known from the look of you.” “You wait. In a couple of weeks we’ll probably both be emperors.” Don Quixote asked for oil and various herbs and boiled them up together to make some Balsam of Fierabras (菲耶拉布拉斯圣水). Some he put in an old tin, and the stuff that wouldn’t fit in the tin, he and Sancho drank. The next morning, when they’d both more or less stopped being violently sick, Don Quixote replaced his lance with an iron pike he found leaning against a wall, and said goodbye to the innkeeper. “Many thanks for the magnificent kindness I have received in your castle,” he said. “Come off it! This is an inn, not a castle. And this is the bill.” Don Quixote waved it away. “Knights errant don’t pay bills,” he explained. “The honour of entertaining me is payment enough. Yes, it’s quite plain in all the accounts.” The innkeeper was so surprised he actually did let Don Quixote go, but Sancho wasn’t so lucky. “Me, pay a bill?” Sancho said, as bravely as he could. “You must be joking. Don’t you know anything about knight-errantry?” There’s no telling what the innkeeper might have done to Sancho then, but some young men, seeing the chance of some fun, put Sancho on a blanket and started flipping (抛掷) him up in the air on it so roughly that Sancho’s screams reached all the way to the road. Don Quixote rode back to the rescue at once, but when he got back to the inn he found he was still too wobbly (摇摇晃晃的) to get off Rocinante. Unfortunately, shouting commands at the young men had no effect at all. In the end the young men with the blanket got bored. They put Sancho on his donkey (the innkeeper having taken its saddlebags in payment for their stay) and pushed Sancho, very dizzy, out of the inn. “I would have saved you, but an enchantment (魔咒) had stuck me to my saddle,” said Don Quixote. “Would you like some Balsam of Fierabras?” “What, so I can throw up what guts I’ve got left?” asked Sancho, bitterly. “Ah well,” said Don Quixote, “it’s all part of being a knight errant: thrills, spills, winning battles…” “I wouldn’t know about thrills and battles,” said Sancho. “And as far as I’ve seen you don’t either.” 36. Why did the innkeeper agree to let Don Quixote and Sancho stay at the inn? A. He took pity on their poor condition.  B. He was persuaded by Sancho’s words. C. He admired Don Quixote for being a knight.  D. He hoped to receive a generous payment. 37. How did the innkeeper react when Don Quixote refused to pay? A. He was too shocked to insist.  B. He got angry and beat him. C. He laughed at the silly excuse.  D. He stayed calm and demanded payment. 38. What happened to Sancho at the inn? A. He was locked in a room.  B. He was thrown in the air. C. He was put under a spell.  D. He was pushed off his donkey. 39. What was Sancho’s attitude toward Don Quixote’s explanation in the end? A. Convinced.  B. Amused.  C. Doubtful.  D. Tolerant. (B) All written work should be proofread to give it that final polish and professional edge. Businesses, publishers, writers and students are just a few of the people who could be your customers if you learn to proofread to a high standard. In just a few short months our home-study Continuing Professional Development (CPD) Certificate course—with expert personal tuition—teaches you how to proofread and copy edit to a professional level. You’ll brush up on your punctuation, spelling and grammar, learn what to look out for and how to mark up on paper and screen. 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Continuing Professional Development Certificate. “This is an extremely helpful course both for those starting proofreading and for those who, like me, need to be reminded of everything we have forgotten. Above all, I thoroughly enjoyed that tone of voice of the author—he writes with authority but manages to keep a light touch.” Dorothy Nicolle “I am an English honours graduate but even so I discovered that my grammar was not as perfect as I had believed! After completing the Proofreading & Copy Editing course I set myself up as a part-time freelance proofreader with a small band of regular customers.” Carol Browne 40. According to the brochure, “a freelancer” (paragraph 3) refers to someone who ______. A. finds customers mainly online B. gets promoted at work easily C. longs for the freedom of being alone D. works for oneself with a flexible schedule 41. If you are interested in this course but have not enrolled yet, you may ______. A. make your decision after a half-month try B. have free access to the course material C. need to show your CPD Certificate D. help tutors mark some homework 42. It can be concluded from the brochure that ______. A. the course is more beneficial to experts than to green hands B. proofreading and copy editing are normally paper-pen tasks C. there is a good market for proofreading and copy editing D. high-level proofreaders and copy editors are rare to find (C) The summer afternoon was hot in Paris, but no one in the queue seemed bothered. Dozens were patiently waiting to enter Shakespeare and Company, a storied bookshop situated on the left bank of the Seine opposite Notre Dame Cathedral (巴黎圣母院). “That’s where Shakespeare wrote for a while,” a passerby informed her friends. No one corrected her. “The myth-telling is fascinating,” says Sylvia Whitman, who runs the English-language bookshop with her partner. “It adds to the house of stories that a bookshop can be.” She has heard it all: that Shakespeare, who never left England, resided here, or that Sylvia Plath, another poet, founded it. In fact, Shakespeare and Company was launched by Ms Whitman’s father, George, 75 years ago. It is probably the most famous bookshop in the world, enjoying a halo (光环) left by a group of literary giants. Around 2,000 to 3,000 people visit each day — nearly one million a year — drawn partly by the shop’s hundreds of thousands of social-media followers. It claims more impressive screen credits than many actors, having appeared in multiple classic films. A hit TV series, Emily in Paris, asked to feature it, but Ms Whitman declined. The bookshop already deals with so many selfie-snappers. How does a physical bookstore survive three-quarters of a century and still get people to queue to enter? One answer is a clever approach to social media. Photos and videos are prohibited inside. This enhances the shop’s mystique (神秘感) among those who while away hours on Instagram and TikTok. “You can’t see what it looks like online, so that’s kind of cool,” says Hannah, a literature student from England who had come to take in “the older, nostalgic vibe (怀旧的氛围)” for herself. Ms Whitman also understands that buyers are not only seeking an entertaining tale, but a story about how and where they bought that book. Customers are offered a stamp of the Shakespeare and Company logo on the inside cover to certify their copy’s origin. The shop stocks loads of luxurious hardcovers (精装书), which have the look of yesteryear. Far from killing print, e-books have even made some consumers keener to splurge on special editions. How replicable is its formula? Many other bookstores sell limited edition products and host author events. Having authors sign copies can triple book sales. Yet Shakespeare and Company’s playbook is impossible to copy. Its history and location in central Paris are unbeatable. “Very few booksellers own their real estate” as Shakespeare and Company does, notes James Daunt, the boss of bookseller Barnes & Noble. He points out that a bookshop that also happened to be called Shakespeare & Co (no relation) closed last year in New York, citing rising rents among other challenges. 43. The article suggests that the myths surrounding Shakespeare and Company ________. A. have attracted more writers to stay and work there B. were deliberately created to promote the bookshop C. have helped make the bookshop more attractive to visitors D. have caused misunderstandings about the bookshop’s history 44. Why does Shakespeare and Company prohibit visitors from taking photos and videos inside? A. To protect the shop’s old books and interior from damage. B. To keep the quiet atmosphere that attracts literature lovers. C. To encourage customers to spend more time reading books. D. To make the in-person experience feel special and mysterious. 45. The example of Shakespeare & Co in New York shows that ________. A. famous names do not always guarantee a bookstore’s success B. bookstores in New York face greater challenges than those in Paris C. rising rents can make it difficult for famous bookstores to survive D. independent bookstores need good locations to compete with famous ones 46. What does the last paragraph imply about the success of Shakespeare and Company? A. Its business model can be copied by bookstores in major cities. B. Its long history matters less as online shopping continues to grow. C. Its high sales mainly come from signed books and special editions. D. Its popularity depends more on unique advantages than common strategies. Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Monkeys Keep Pets, too In a Ugandan wildlife reserve, two young eastern chimpanzees (黑猩猩) named Ishe and Dembe surprised researchers. Instead of attacking a red-tailed monkey, they gently touched and caressed (抚摸) it. This rare moment suggests that our primate cousins sometimes show early pet-keeping behavior, according to a new study published in the journal Primates. Pets have long been an evolutionary puzzle. We feed them, house them, cut their nails, and clean their teeth. ____47____ Yet across the globe, many cultures keep and cherish animal companions. Previous research shows that the reasons why we have pets are as varied as the pets we keep. Some people want companionship, others seek status, and some just like novelty (新奇). Actor Nicolas Cage, for instance, once owned a two-headed snake. Studies on twins suggest that the desire to have pets is partly genetic. But the definitive origins of pet-keeping are still unknown. Zoë Goldsborough, a behavioral ecologist who was not involved in the research, said there are two main theories. ____48____ The other is that humans simply have a natural urge to care for and bond with other living beings. The idea to study pet-owning behavior in primates began when Cyril Grueter, a primate expert at the University of Oxford and the new study’s lead author, was visiting the Shanghai Zoo. There, he saw a female gibbon (长臂猿) gently holding and petting a small mouse in her hand. The mouse seemed comfortable in her palm. To find out if this behavior was common, Grueter and his team reviewed media reports and scientific papers, and surveyed experts. They collected 427 examples from 88 primate species. ____49____ Further analysis showed that monkeys and apes interacted with many other species, including lizards, birds, deer, dogs, squirrels, and other primates. The most common interactions were play and grooming (梳理毛发), mirroring their own social patterns. Young animals played more, adult females tended to nurse adopted animals, and adult males were generally indifferent or sometimes violent. Most interactions were brief, but a few looked like real adoption. What might monkeys and apes get out of interactions with unrelated animals? ____50____ Similar to humans, primates can find comfort in touching or huddling with another warm body. Dr. Grueter hopes that this research will help zoos and sanctuaries design better multispecies enclosures (围场) for animals. A. Part of the motivation might be loneliness. B. One theory is that pets were useful for hunting or protection. C. The time and effort we spend on pets could be considered a poor return on investment. D. Unfortunately, we have no idea how long humans have been bringing animals into their lives as pets. E. The data revealed that every primate group, regardless of species, displayed some behavior linked to pet-keeping. F. The earliest evidence comes from a 14,000-year-old grave in Germany, where a man and woman were buried alongside their dog. Ⅳ. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 51. 在哥哥的影响下，他渐渐对科学实验产生了浓厚的兴趣。(acquire) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 52. 除非你尽快改掉坏习惯，不然你的室友不会再容忍你。(unless) ____________________ 53. 政府推出了一项线上读书活动，让全国各地学生有机会免费阅读经典书籍。(launch) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 54. 如今大家都逐步意识到健康饮食的重要性，过节时不像以前那样胡吃海喝了。（aware）(汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026学年第一学期高二第一次阶段英语考试 （时间：90分钟 总分：100分） Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and a question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. At a bank. B. At a department store. C. At a lawyer’s office. D. At a school. 2. A. To do nothing but read a text. B. To do nothing but see a movie. C. To see a movie and write a paragraph. D. To read a chapter in the textbook. 3. A. She ordered it through mail. B. Mike gave it to her as a birthday present. C. It was a present from her parents. D. She got it while visiting her parents. 4. A. Go home. B. Get unhappy. C. Prepare for the party. D. Attend the party. 5. A. The hotel service is excellent. B. The hotel service is poor. C. The hotel is very expensive. D. She doesn’t like hotels with high quality. 6. A. He wants a party invitation. B. He wants a dinner party. C. He wants a tour of the house. D. He wants some hot drinks. 7. A. $68. B. $12. C. $8. D. $36. 8. A. No one on the bus was injured. B. More than one student on the bus was injured. C. Everyone on the bus was injured. D. Only one student on the bus was injured. 9. A. Give him the ring in the locker. B. Take the ring to the security office. C. Take the ring to the administration building. D. Put the ring in the locker. 10. A. Because she had to do some work. B. Because she doesn’t like to see the movie. C. Because the movie was on too late. D. Because the lecture was about the movie. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. A foreign expert. B. A friend of his. C. A group of new students. D. A group of visitors. 12. A. 6. B. 5. C. 4. D. 3. 13. A. A brief introduction to the college. B. A brief history of the college. C. The English department. D. The students’ studies. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. 18 B. 21. C. 25. D. 20. 15. A. America. B. China. C. Australia D. Canada. 16. A. By making telephone calls. B. By writing letters. C. By using the Internet. D. By sending photos. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. Collecting coins. B. Making decorations. C. Being idly. D. Collecting books. 18. A. Because he likes being idly. B. Because he hates hobbies. C. Because he likes working. D. Because he has no time. 19. A. Interesting. B. Colourful. C. Busy. D. Boring. 20. A. Teacher and student. B. Manager and secretary. C. Friends. D. Husband and wife. Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Being Human in the Age of Robots When I was a child, maybe seven years old, I took a test tube from a chemistry kit and put some water with food coloring and salts in it, and added on top of that a layer of oil — I called it “Freddie.” I was trying to create a new life form. Most people would agree that a bit of water and oil in a test tube is not a ____1____ (live) thing, but my childish assertion (断言) that it was may not be as foolish as it appears. It’s very difficult to give a satisfactory answer to what separates a living thing, like a single-celled organism that is little more than a bubble of water ____2____ (surround) by a thin film of oil, from a non-living one. People have dreamed of erasing the line between the living and the non-living at least since the ancient Greeks, ____3____ filled their mythologies (神话) with automata — complex machines that perfectly copied birds, or fantastical metal creatures such as mechanical flying horses. This reflects the wish to go ____4____ the limits nature has placed on us. We want stronger and smarter extensions of ____5____: robots that can work on Mars and AI chatbots that can help us with our chemistry homework. There are many people who even dream of replicating the neural networks in their brains onto silicon chips (硅芯片) and thus staying alive ____6____ electricity can be supplied to the computers hosting the copies of their minds. Today, the boundaries between the living and the non-living, and the limitations that define us, ____7____ (collapse) at an unbelievable rate. We have chatbots that respond intelligently. And interfaces (交互界面) between the human brain and machines now allow people to control robotic arms with their thoughts. Perhaps ____8____ (amazing) example was a video released by Boston Dynamics of its robots dancing to “Do You Love Me?” Those robots can really dance! Will robots take our jobs? Will they be better-looking, funnier, and more athletic than we are? Will they redefine what it means to be human? I think all of these are possibilities, but to what degree depends on us. In Europe, a law has been made ____9____ (limit) how AI can be used. One of the most important and exciting tasks of the near future will be to decide ____10____ we want the new lines to be. 【答案】1. living 2. surrounded 3. who 4. beyond 5. ourselves 6. as long as 7. are collapsing 8. the most amazing 9. to limit 10. where 【解析】 【导语】文章围绕“机器人时代的人类定位”展开，介绍了人类长久以来对打破生物与非生物界限的向往，当下该界限正快速消融的现状，以及未来人类需要自主划定相关新边界的思考。 【1题详解】 考查形容词。句意：大多数人会认为试管里的一点水和油并不是有生命的物体，但我儿时断言它是活的，这或许并不像看起来那么愚蠢。设空处需要形容词修饰名词thing。动词live的形容词形式living表示“活着的、有生命的”。 【2题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：很难给出一个令人满意的答案，来区分一个生物（比如只不过是被一层薄油膜包裹的水囊的单细胞生物）和非生物的区别。that引导的定语从句中，先行词a single-celled organism后已有谓语is，设空处作后置定语修饰bubble of water，water和surround是被动关系，需用过去分词表被动。 【3题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：至少从古希腊时代起，人们就梦想抹去生物和非生物的界限，古希腊人在他们的神话中写满了自动机——完美模仿鸟类的复杂机器，或是机械飞马这类奇幻的金属生物。逗号后是非限制性定语从句，先行词the ancient Greeks指人，从句缺少主语，用关系代词who引导。 【4题详解】 考查介词。句意：这反映了人类想要超越自然施加给我们的限制的愿望。固定搭配go beyond the limits表示“超越限制”，符合语境语义。 【5题详解】 考查代词。句意：我们想要自身更强、更智能的延伸：可以在火星工作的机器人，能帮我们做化学作业的人工智能聊天机器人。介词of后指代主语we自身，需用we的反身代词ourselves。 【6题详解】 考查条件状语从句。句意：甚至有很多人梦想把自己大脑里的神经网络复制到硅芯片上，这样只要承载他们思维副本的计算机能获得电力供应，他们就可以一直存活。设空处引导条件状语从句，表示“只要”，as long as符合语义逻辑。 【7题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：如今，生物与非生物的边界，以及定义我们自身的那些局限，正以惊人的速度瓦解。根据时间状语Today和语境描述当下正在发生的动态变化，用现在进行时；主语the boundaries...and the limitations是复数，be动词用are。 【8题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：也许最令人惊叹的例子是波士顿动力公司发布的一段机器人跟着《你爱我吗？》跳舞的视频。结合语境，此处表示“最惊人的”，amazing是多音节形容词，其最高级形式为the most amazing。 【9题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：欧洲已经制定了一项法律，来限制人工智能的使用方式。句子已有谓语has been made，设空处用不定式作目的状语，说明制定法律的目的。 【10题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：不久的将来最重要也最令人兴奋的任务之一，就是决定我们想要这些新的边界设定在什么位置。设空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，表示“在哪里、在什么位置”，用引导词where。 Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. campaigns    B. ensure    C. concern    D. beneficial    E. sustained F. transformational    G. gap    H. players    I. conservation    J. reveal    K. founded Voluntourism first emerged at scale in the 1990s. Since then, the industry has grown rapidly and now offers a wide variety of options. Volunteers can find themselves building houses in Honduras, teaching children in Morocco, or protecting endangered brown bears in central Italy. The sector is ____11____ by organizations that connect communities in need with volunteers. Some are charities or non-profits, while others are traditional businesses meeting and capitalizing on a healthy demand. Done diligently and ethically (符合道德地), voluntourism can have a(n) ____12____ impact on both recipients and volunteers, says Alex Tarrant, co-founder of Pod Volunteer. The organization, ____13____ in the early 2000s, focuses on animal welfare. Its volunteers may care for rescued dogs in Thailand and protect elephants in Namibia. Global Vision International is one of the bigger ____14____ in the market. Over the past 25 years, it has placed around 35,000 volunteers in more than 100 locations around the world. Its long-running cooperation with the Seychelles government has involved 1,000 participants in ocean ____15____ initiatives. Not all interactions, however, are as mutually ____16____. When making money and doing good come together, it is not surprising that ethical issues can arise. If a company lacks ethics, the profit margins (利润空间) in voluntourism can be “very, very high,” says Xavier Font, an expert in sustainability marketing. This is partly because costs are low while participants are often willing to pay more for their trips. There can also be an unfair power ____17____ between voluntourism operators and the often desperate projects they partner with. Since companies do not have to____18____ their costs, they can easily hide profits and take advantage of the situation. Another ____19____ is that willing but poorly prepared volunteers often repeat work that previous volunteers have already done. A worker at a voluntourism organization reportedly overheard a teacher say: “If one more volunteer comes in and teaches the children to sing ‘head, shoulders, knees, and toes,’ I’m going to scream.” Despite these problems, voluntourism is largely a force for good, concludes Sallie Grayson, co-founder of the non-profit People and Places. “The vast majority of volunteers want to do good, and it’s up to us to ____20____ that they can,” she said. “Well-matched, well-placed volunteers can make a real difference, I’m still convinced of that.” 【答案】11. E 12. F 13. K 14. H 15. I 16. D 17. G 18. J 19. C 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍公益旅行的发展现状、积极作用，同时剖析它存在的各类伦理问题并给出相关看法。 【11题详解】 考查动词。句意：这一行业依靠一些机构来维持运转，这些机构为有需要的社区对接志愿者。根据“by organizations that connect communities in need with volunteers”以及句意“维持运转”可知应填动词sustain，与主语构成被动关系，结合is可知为一般现在时的被动语态，用过去分词sustained。 【12题详解】 考查形容词。句意：Pod Volunteer联合创始人亚历克斯·塔兰特表示，如果公益旅行开展得认真尽责、合乎道德，它能够给受助者和志愿者双方带来颠覆性的影响。根据“Done diligently and ethically”以及句意“颠覆性的”可知应填形容词transformational，修饰名词impact。 【13题详解】 考查动词。句意：该组织成立于21世纪初，专注于动物福利。根据“in the early 2000s”以及句意“创立”可知应填动词found，与organization构成被动关系，故用过去分词founded作定语。 【14题详解】 考查名词。句意：国际全球愿景组织是市场上规模较大的经营方之一。根据“in the market”以及句意“参与者、经营方”可知应填名词player，此处为“one of+最高级+复数名词”。 【15题详解】 考查名词。句意：它与塞舌尔政府长期合作，已有1000名参与者参与海洋保护项目。根据“ocean”以及句意“保护”可知应填名词conservation，作宾语。 【16题详解】 考查形容词。句意：然而，并非所有合作都是互惠互利的。根据“mutually”以及句意“有益的”可知应填形容词beneficial，作表语。 【17题详解】 考查名词。句意：志愿者旅游运营商与他们合作的那些常常陷入困境的项目之间，也可能存在不公平的权力差距。根据“unfair power”，“between voluntourism operators and the often desperate projects they partner with”以及句意“差距”可知应填名词gap，作主语。 【18题详解】 考查动词。句意：由于公司不必公开成本，它们很容易隐瞒利润并利用这种情况牟利。根据“they can easily hide profits”以及句意“公开、披露”可知应填动词reveal，且上文为短语have to do sth.。 【19题详解】 考查名词。句意：另一个担忧是，满怀热忱却准备不足的志愿者，往往会重复之前志愿者已经做完的工作。上文提到公司不公开成本容易导致隐瞒利润并利用这种情况牟利的弊端，此处指另一种担忧，应填名词concern，作主语。 【20题详解】 考查动词。句意：绝大多数志愿者都想做好事，而我们的责任就是确保他们能够做到。根据下文“Well-matched, well-placed volunteers can make a real difference”以及句意“确保”可知应填动词ensure，此处为句型it’s up to sb. to do sth.。 Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Ask Siri if she’s a woman. Go ahead; try it. She’ll tell you she’s ____21____. “Like cacti. And certain species of fish,” she might say. So is Amazon’s Alexa, Microsoft’s Cortana, Samsung’s S Voice, and Google Now. But, man, do they ever sound a lot like women. ____22____, we think of them as ladies too. (In Old Norse, Siri translates to “a beautiful woman who leads you to victory.”) We assign female pronouns to them, and, in turn, they fold feminine turns of phrase into their robotic and occasionally inane answers to our requests. If we prize gender diversity in other areas of daily life, why does our tech sound so ____23____? The biggest reason for the female phone fixation rests in social science. “Research indicates there’s likely to be greater acceptance of female ____24____,” says Karl MacDorman, an associate professor at Indiana University who specializes in human-computer interaction. MacDorman and his team played clips of male and female voices to people of both genders, then asked them to identify which they____25____. The researchers also measured the way participants responded to the voices. In a 2011 paper, they reported that both women and men said female voices came across as warmer. ____26____, women even showed a subconscious preference for responding to females; men remained subconsciously neutral (中立的). Why the prejudice (偏见)? Stanford University communications professor Clifford Nass, who coauthored the field’s seminal book, Wired for Speech, wrote that people tend to ____27____female voices as helping them solve their problems by themselves, while they view male voices as authority figures who tell them the answers to their problems. We want ____28____ to help us, but we also want to be the boss of it, so we are more likely to opt for a female interface. This tendency suggests that companies will make a better impression on a ____29____ group of customers with a woman’s voice. But not just any voice. It has to ____30____ a brand’s personality. For help with that, companies often turn to Greg Pal, vice president of marketing, strategy, and business development at Nuance Communications, which licenses its ____31____ of more than 100 voices. Pal insists that some brands choose male speakers. He turned on his iPhone and pulled up the Domino’s Pizza app, which has an assistant, Dom. He sounded like my high school English teacher — educated and helpful but not ____32____. That’s about right for a brand attempting to ____33____ guys ordering pies before the big game. As voice technology improves, though, designers say diversity will too. Many devices already let you ____34____ a voice interface. Homer Simpson can tell you where to take a left on your GPS device. And Siri can become a sir if you take the time to ____35____. Want to know how to do it? Ask her. She’ll tell you in her uniquely warm, helpful — and female-tone. 21. A. robotic  B. high-tech  C. genderless  D. creative 22. A. Culturally  B. Obviously  C. Grammatically  D. Undoubtedly 23. A. female  B. ridiculous  C. professional  D. reasonable 24. A. charm  B. researchers  C. speech  D. participants 25. A. accepted  B. misunderstood  C. studied  D. preferred 26. A. In practice  B. On the contrary  C. By this means  D. At first 27. A. consider  B. perceive  C. recognize  D. define 28. A. interaction  B. technology  C. personality  D. society 29. A. more sociable  B. more talented  C. broader  D. wealthier 30. A. improve  B. develop  C. admire  D. suit 31. A. market  B. business  C. research  D. library 32. A. strange  B. bossy  C. reliable  D. unique 33. A. appeal to  B. look into  C. meet with  D. run after 34. A. build  B. customize  C. play  D. improve 35. A. repeat  B. assist  C. reprogram  D. communicate 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文探讨多数语音助手默认女声的原因，源于大众对女声的接受偏好，同时指出如今用户可以自定义设备语音。 【21题详解】 考查形容词。句意：她会告诉你她是没有性别的。A. robotic机器人的；B. high-tech高科技的；C. genderless无性别之分的；D. creative有创造力的。根据后文““Like cacti. And certain species of fish,” she might say.”可知，Siri说自己如同仙人掌、部分鱼类一样没有性别。 【22题详解】 考查副词。句意：在文化层面上，我们也把它们看作女性。A. Culturally在文化层面上；B. Obviously明显地；C. Grammatically语法上；D. Undoubtedly毫无疑问地。根据后文“In Old Norse, Siri translates to “a beautiful woman who leads you to victory.””可知，古诺斯语里Siri的释义体现文化层面的认知。 【23题详解】 考查形容词。句意：如果我们在日常生活其他领域重视性别多样性，为什么我们的科技产品听起来女性化色彩这么重？A. female女性的；B. ridiculous荒谬的；C. professional专业的；D. reasonable合理的。根据第一段“But, man, do they ever sound a lot like women.”可知，这些语音助手听起来很像女性。 【24题详解】 考查名词。句意：研究表明人们大概率更容易接受女性的语音。A. charm魅力；B. researchers研究者；C. speech语音；D. participants参与者。根据后文“MacDorman and his team played clips of male and female voices to people of both genders”可知，实验围绕男女语音片段展开。 【25题详解】 考查动词。句意：麦克多曼和他的团队向不同性别的受试者播放男女语音片段，然后让他们选出自己更喜欢的声音。A. accepted接受；B. misunderstood误解；C. studied研究；D. preferred更喜欢。根据后文“they reported that both women and men said female voices came across as warmer”可知，实验目的是了解人们对声音的偏好。 【26题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：实际上，女性甚至下意识更愿意回应女性声音；男性则保持下意识中立。A. In practice实际上；B. On the contrary相反；C. By this means通过这种方式；D. At first起初。根据前文“both women and men said female voices came across as warmer”可知，这句进一步说明真实的潜意识反应。 【27题详解】 考查动词。句意：斯坦福大学传播学教授克利福德・纳斯写道，人们往往把女性声音看作帮他们自主解决问题的帮手，而将男性声音视为直接给出答案的权威人物。A. consider认为；B. perceive看待，感知；C. recognize认出；D. define定义。根据后文“while they view male voices as authority figures”可知，此处指把女性声音看作帮他们自主解决问题的帮手，view和perceive呼应，符合语境。 【28题详解】 考查名词。句意：我们想要这项科技为我们提供帮助，但同时我们也想掌控它，所以我们更倾向选择女性语音界面。A. interaction互动；B. technology科技；C. personality个性；D. society社会。根据第一段“Ask Siri if she’s a woman.”以及“So is Amazon’s Alexa”可知，全文讨论Siri、Alexa这类语音助手科技产品。 【29题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这种趋势表明，公司使用女性语音，能够给范围更广的客户群体留下更好的印象。A. more sociable更善于社交的；B. more talented更有天赋的；C. broader更广泛的；D. wealthier更富有的。根据下文“group of customers”可知，此处指覆盖更广的顾客群体。 【30题详解】 考查动词。句意：但并不是随便一种声音就可以，它必须契合品牌的特质。A. improve改善；B. develop发展；C. admire欣赏；D. suit适合，契合。根据后文“That’s about right for a brand attempting to 　　　　 guys ordering pies before the big game”可知，此处指声音需要匹配品牌定位，suit符合语境。 【31题详解】 考查名词。句意：为了做好这件事，很多公司会咨询 Nuance 通信公司的营销、战略与业务发展副总裁格雷格・帕尔，这家公司对外授权一个拥有上百种语音的资源库。A. market市场；B. business生意；C. research研究；D. library资料库。根据后文“of more than 100 voices”可知，这里指语音资料库。 【32题详解】 考查形容词。句意：他听起来就像我的高中英语老师——学识丰富、乐于助人，但不会强势发号施令。A. strange 奇怪的；B. bossy 爱发号施令的，强势的；C. reliable 可靠的；D. unique 独特的。根据前文“people tend to 　　　　 female voices as helping them solve their problems by themselves, while they view male voices as authority figures”可知，此处与前面结论形成对比，这个男声只是提供帮助，没有权威强势的感觉。 【33题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：这样的声音很适合一个想要吸引比赛前点披萨的男士群体的品牌。A. appeal to吸引；B. look into调查；C. meet with遭遇；D. run after追逐。根据后文“guys ordering pies before the big game”以及语境可知，品牌设置语音是为吸引目标消费者。 【34题详解】 考查动词。句意：许多设备已经允许你自定义语音界面。A. build建造；B. customize自定义，定制；C. play播放；D. improve改进。根据后文“Homer Simpson can tell you where to take a left on your GPS device. And Siri can become a sir”可知，用户可以更换、设置不同语音。 【35题详解】 考查动词。句意：如果你愿意花时间重新设置程序，Siri也可以变成男声。A. repeat重复；B. assist协助；C. reprogram重新编程，重新设置；D. communicate交流。根据前文“Many devices already let you 　　　　 a voice interface”可知，更改Siri的性别语音需要重新设置程序。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) In the following excerpt, beaten badly by the horsetraders, Don Quixote and Sancho arrive at an inn. The innkeeper receives them unwillingly. After staying for one night, they want to leave without paying… (Rocinante is Don Quixote’s horse.)  “Look!” said Don Quixote in delight. “A castle!” “It’s an inn,” sighed Sancho, but he turned towards it. The innkeeper wasn’t very keen to take in a man who looked as battered (遭受重创的) as Don Quixote, but Sancho made up a story about falling off a rock, and the innkeeper’s wife found Don Quixote a place in the loft (阁楼). “He’s a knight errant (游侠骑士),” Sancho told her. “And I’m his squire (侍从).” “Well, I wouldn’t have known from the look of you.” “You wait. In a couple of weeks we’ll probably both be emperors.” Don Quixote asked for oil and various herbs and boiled them up together to make some Balsam of Fierabras (菲耶拉布拉斯圣水). Some he put in an old tin, and the stuff that wouldn’t fit in the tin, he and Sancho drank. The next morning, when they’d both more or less stopped being violently sick, Don Quixote replaced his lance with an iron pike he found leaning against a wall, and said goodbye to the innkeeper. “Many thanks for the magnificent kindness I have received in your castle,” he said. “Come off it! This is an inn, not a castle. And this is the bill.” Don Quixote waved it away. “Knights errant don’t pay bills,” he explained. “The honour of entertaining me is payment enough. Yes, it’s quite plain in all the accounts.” The innkeeper was so surprised he actually did let Don Quixote go, but Sancho wasn’t so lucky. “Me, pay a bill?” Sancho said, as bravely as he could. “You must be joking. Don’t you know anything about knight-errantry?” There’s no telling what the innkeeper might have done to Sancho then, but some young men, seeing the chance of some fun, put Sancho on a blanket and started flipping (抛掷) him up in the air on it so roughly that Sancho’s screams reached all the way to the road. Don Quixote rode back to the rescue at once, but when he got back to the inn he found he was still too wobbly (摇摇晃晃的) to get off Rocinante. Unfortunately, shouting commands at the young men had no effect at all. In the end the young men with the blanket got bored. They put Sancho on his donkey (the innkeeper having taken its saddlebags in payment for their stay) and pushed Sancho, very dizzy, out of the inn. “I would have saved you, but an enchantment (魔咒) had stuck me to my saddle,” said Don Quixote. “Would you like some Balsam of Fierabras?” “What, so I can throw up what guts I’ve got left?” asked Sancho, bitterly. “Ah well,” said Don Quixote, “it’s all part of being a knight errant: thrills, spills, winning battles…” “I wouldn’t know about thrills and battles,” said Sancho. “And as far as I’ve seen you don’t either.” 36. Why did the innkeeper agree to let Don Quixote and Sancho stay at the inn? A. He took pity on their poor condition.  B. He was persuaded by Sancho’s words. C. He admired Don Quixote for being a knight.  D. He hoped to receive a generous payment. 37. How did the innkeeper react when Don Quixote refused to pay? A. He was too shocked to insist.  B. He got angry and beat him. C. He laughed at the silly excuse.  D. He stayed calm and demanded payment. 38. What happened to Sancho at the inn? A. He was locked in a room.  B. He was thrown in the air. C. He was put under a spell.  D. He was pushed off his donkey. 39. What was Sancho’s attitude toward Don Quixote’s explanation in the end? A. Convinced.  B. Amused.  C. Doubtful.  D. Tolerant. 【答案】36. B 37. A 38. B 39. C 【解析】 【导语】选文讲述唐吉诃德和桑乔住进客店，唐吉诃德拒绝付费得以离开，桑乔却被年轻人抛起来捉弄，桑乔并不认同唐吉诃德的说辞。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The innkeeper wasn’t very keen to take in a man who looked as battered (遭受重创的) as Don Quixote, but Sancho made up a story about falling off a rock, and the innkeeper’s wife found Don Quixote a place in the loft (阁楼).(店主本来不太愿意收留看起来伤得很重的唐吉诃德，但是桑乔编造了一个他从岩石上摔下来的故事，店主的妻子就在阁楼给唐吉诃德安排了住处。)”可知，桑乔的说辞说服了店主。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据第十三段“The innkeeper was so surprised he actually did let Don Quixote go, but Sancho wasn’t so lucky.(店主十分吃惊，居然就让唐吉诃德离开了，可桑乔就没有这么幸运了。)”可知，店主太过吃惊，没有坚持要唐吉诃德付钱。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据第十五段“There’s no telling what the innkeeper might have done to Sancho then, but some young men, seeing the chance of some fun, put Sancho on a blanket and started flipping (抛掷) him up in the air on it so roughly that Sancho’s screams reached all the way to the road.(当时不知道店主会对桑乔做出什么事，但是几个年轻人觉得这是个寻开心的机会，他们把桑乔放到毯子上，开始用力把他往空中抛，桑乔的叫声一直传到大路上。)”可知，桑乔被人抛到空中。 【39题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段““I wouldn’t know about thrills and battles,” said Sancho. “And as far as I’ve seen you don’t either.”(桑乔说，“我可没看到什么刺激场面和战斗。而且在我看来，你也一样没见识到。”)”可知，桑乔对唐吉诃德的解释持怀疑态度。 (B) All written work should be proofread to give it that final polish and professional edge. Businesses, publishers, writers and students are just a few of the people who could be your customers if you learn to proofread to a high standard. In just a few short months our home-study Continuing Professional Development (CPD) Certificate course—with expert personal tuition—teaches you how to proofread and copy edit to a professional level. You’ll brush up on your punctuation, spelling and grammar, learn what to look out for and how to mark up on paper and screen. You can use your new skills to proofread your own work, in your current job, or add them to your résumé to help you find a new position or gain promotion. But that’s not all. You also learn how to set up as a freelancer and how to find customers so you can work at home for an extra or full-time income potentially earning ₤25 per hour. Once you have the skills the choice is yours. The course is ideal for beginners or to use as a refresher. 15-day trial. Request your free course introduction, with no obligation to enroll. Call or click now! Specialist course on proofreading and copy editing. Caring constructive help from expert tutors. Four tutor-marked assignments. Help and advice from our experienced Student Advisory Team. Flexible study programme. Specialist advice on how to find work. Enroll when it suits you. Instant access to course material when you enroll online. 15 days trial. Advice on how to set yourself up in business. Continuing Professional Development Certificate. “This is an extremely helpful course both for those starting proofreading and for those who, like me, need to be reminded of everything we have forgotten. Above all, I thoroughly enjoyed that tone of voice of the author—he writes with authority but manages to keep a light touch.” Dorothy Nicolle “I am an English honours graduate but even so I discovered that my grammar was not as perfect as I had believed! After completing the Proofreading & Copy Editing course I set myself up as a part-time freelance proofreader with a small band of regular customers.” Carol Browne 40. According to the brochure, “a freelancer” (paragraph 3) refers to someone who ______. A. finds customers mainly online B. gets promoted at work easily C. longs for the freedom of being alone D. works for oneself with a flexible schedule 41. If you are interested in this course but have not enrolled yet, you may ______. A. make your decision after a half-month try B. have free access to the course material C. need to show your CPD Certificate D. help tutors mark some homework 42. It can be concluded from the brochure that ______. A. the course is more beneficial to experts than to green hands B. proofreading and copy editing are normally paper-pen tasks C. there is a good market for proofreading and copy editing D. high-level proofreaders and copy editors are rare to find 【答案】40. D 41. A 42. C 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇应用文。本文是一篇广告，主要是向人们介绍了关于学习校对和编辑的相关信息以及其带来的好处，呼吁人们报名学习。 【40题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第三段中You also learn how to set up as a freelancer and how to find customers so you can work at home for an extra or full-time income potentially earning ₤25 per hour. 你还会学习如何成为一名自由职业者，如何找到客户，这样你就可以在家里工作，赚取每小时25英镑的额外或全职收入。由可以在家里工作并赚取每小时25英镑的额外或全职收入，可知，根据手册上的介绍，“a freelancer”指的是工作时间灵活的“自由职业者”。故选D项。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中15-day trial. Request your free course introduction, with no obligation to enroll. 15天的试验期。免费的课程介绍，不需要注册。可知，如果你对这门课程感兴趣，但还没有注册，你可以在半个月的尝试后做出决定。故选A项。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中Above all, I thoroughly enjoyed that tone of voice of the author—he writes with authority but manages to keep a light touch. 最重要的是，我非常喜欢作者的语气——他写得很有权威，文笔轻快。以及最后一段中After completing the Proofreading & Copy Editing course I set myself up as a part-time freelance proofreader with a small band of regular customers. 完成校对和文案编辑课程后，我开始做兼职自由校对，拥有一小群固定客户。由此判断出，从这本小册子中顾客的反馈可以看出，校对和编辑有很好的市场。故选C项。 (C) The summer afternoon was hot in Paris, but no one in the queue seemed bothered. Dozens were patiently waiting to enter Shakespeare and Company, a storied bookshop situated on the left bank of the Seine opposite Notre Dame Cathedral (巴黎圣母院). “That’s where Shakespeare wrote for a while,” a passerby informed her friends. No one corrected her. “The myth-telling is fascinating,” says Sylvia Whitman, who runs the English-language bookshop with her partner. “It adds to the house of stories that a bookshop can be.” She has heard it all: that Shakespeare, who never left England, resided here, or that Sylvia Plath, another poet, founded it. In fact, Shakespeare and Company was launched by Ms Whitman’s father, George, 75 years ago. It is probably the most famous bookshop in the world, enjoying a halo (光环) left by a group of literary giants. Around 2,000 to 3,000 people visit each day — nearly one million a year — drawn partly by the shop’s hundreds of thousands of social-media followers. It claims more impressive screen credits than many actors, having appeared in multiple classic films. A hit TV series, Emily in Paris, asked to feature it, but Ms Whitman declined. The bookshop already deals with so many selfie-snappers. How does a physical bookstore survive three-quarters of a century and still get people to queue to enter? One answer is a clever approach to social media. Photos and videos are prohibited inside. This enhances the shop’s mystique (神秘感) among those who while away hours on Instagram and TikTok. “You can’t see what it looks like online, so that’s kind of cool,” says Hannah, a literature student from England who had come to take in “the older, nostalgic vibe (怀旧的氛围)” for herself. Ms Whitman also understands that buyers are not only seeking an entertaining tale, but a story about how and where they bought that book. Customers are offered a stamp of the Shakespeare and Company logo on the inside cover to certify their copy’s origin. The shop stocks loads of luxurious hardcovers (精装书), which have the look of yesteryear. Far from killing print, e-books have even made some consumers keener to splurge on special editions. How replicable is its formula? Many other bookstores sell limited edition products and host author events. Having authors sign copies can triple book sales. Yet Shakespeare and Company’s playbook is impossible to copy. Its history and location in central Paris are unbeatable. “Very few booksellers own their real estate” as Shakespeare and Company does, notes James Daunt, the boss of bookseller Barnes & Noble. He points out that a bookshop that also happened to be called Shakespeare & Co (no relation) closed last year in New York, citing rising rents among other challenges. 43. The article suggests that the myths surrounding Shakespeare and Company ________. A. have attracted more writers to stay and work there B. were deliberately created to promote the bookshop C. have helped make the bookshop more attractive to visitors D. have caused misunderstandings about the bookshop’s history 44. Why does Shakespeare and Company prohibit visitors from taking photos and videos inside? A. To protect the shop’s old books and interior from damage. B. To keep the quiet atmosphere that attracts literature lovers. C. To encourage customers to spend more time reading books. D. To make the in-person experience feel special and mysterious. 45. The example of Shakespeare & Co in New York shows that ________. A. famous names do not always guarantee a bookstore’s success B. bookstores in New York face greater challenges than those in Paris C. rising rents can make it difficult for famous bookstores to survive D. independent bookstores need good locations to compete with famous ones 46. What does the last paragraph imply about the success of Shakespeare and Company? A. Its business model can be copied by bookstores in major cities. B. Its long history matters less as online shopping continues to grow. C. Its high sales mainly come from signed books and special editions. D. Its popularity depends more on unique advantages than common strategies. 【答案】43. C 44. D 45. A 46. D 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍巴黎莎士比亚书店经久不衰的原因，它借助神秘感、独特体验吸引游客，而它的成功是难以复制的。 【43题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段““The myth-telling is fascinating,” says Sylvia Whitman, who runs the English-language bookshop with her partner. “It adds to the house of stories that a bookshop can be.”(西尔维娅・惠特曼和合伙人一同经营这家英文书店，她说：“这些故事的讲述十分动人。书店本就是故事的殿堂，而它们为这座殿堂增添了更多内容。”)”可知，围绕这家书店的传说让它对游客更有吸引力。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Photos and videos are prohibited inside. This enhances the shop’s mystique (神秘感) among those who while away hours on Instagram and TikTok. “You can’t see what it looks like online, so that’s kind of cool,” says Hannah, a literature student from England who had come to take in “the older, nostalgic vibe (怀旧的氛围)” for herself.(店内禁止拍照和录像。这增加了这家书店在那些花大量时间刷照片短视频平台的人们心中的神秘感。“你在网上看不到书店内部的样子，这感觉特别棒”，她专程来亲自感受这份古老怀旧的氛围)”可知，禁止拍照录像是为了让亲身到访的体验独特又充满神秘感。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段“He points out that a bookshop that also happened to be called Shakespeare & Co (no relation) closed last year in New York, citing rising rents among other challenges.(他指出，纽约有一家恰巧也叫莎士比亚书店（无关联）的店铺去年倒闭了，原因包括租金上涨以及其他难题。)”可知，就算拥有相同的知名名字，也不能保证书店经营成功。 【46题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段“Yet Shakespeare and Company’s playbook is impossible to copy. Its history and location in central Paris are unbeatable.(然而莎士比亚书店的经营模式无法复制。它的历史以及地处巴黎市中心的地理位置是无可匹敌的。)”可知，这家书店的走红更多依靠独有的优势，而不是普通的经营手段。 Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Monkeys Keep Pets, too In a Ugandan wildlife reserve, two young eastern chimpanzees (黑猩猩) named Ishe and Dembe surprised researchers. Instead of attacking a red-tailed monkey, they gently touched and caressed (抚摸) it. This rare moment suggests that our primate cousins sometimes show early pet-keeping behavior, according to a new study published in the journal Primates. Pets have long been an evolutionary puzzle. We feed them, house them, cut their nails, and clean their teeth. ____47____ Yet across the globe, many cultures keep and cherish animal companions. Previous research shows that the reasons why we have pets are as varied as the pets we keep. Some people want companionship, others seek status, and some just like novelty (新奇). Actor Nicolas Cage, for instance, once owned a two-headed snake. Studies on twins suggest that the desire to have pets is partly genetic. But the definitive origins of pet-keeping are still unknown. Zoë Goldsborough, a behavioral ecologist who was not involved in the research, said there are two main theories. ____48____ The other is that humans simply have a natural urge to care for and bond with other living beings. The idea to study pet-owning behavior in primates began when Cyril Grueter, a primate expert at the University of Oxford and the new study’s lead author, was visiting the Shanghai Zoo. There, he saw a female gibbon (长臂猿) gently holding and petting a small mouse in her hand. The mouse seemed comfortable in her palm. To find out if this behavior was common, Grueter and his team reviewed media reports and scientific papers, and surveyed experts. They collected 427 examples from 88 primate species. ____49____ Further analysis showed that monkeys and apes interacted with many other species, including lizards, birds, deer, dogs, squirrels, and other primates. The most common interactions were play and grooming (梳理毛发), mirroring their own social patterns. Young animals played more, adult females tended to nurse adopted animals, and adult males were generally indifferent or sometimes violent. Most interactions were brief, but a few looked like real adoption. What might monkeys and apes get out of interactions with unrelated animals? ____50____ Similar to humans, primates can find comfort in touching or huddling with another warm body. Dr. Grueter hopes that this research will help zoos and sanctuaries design better multispecies enclosures (围场) for animals. A. Part of the motivation might be loneliness. B. One theory is that pets were useful for hunting or protection. C. The time and effort we spend on pets could be considered a poor return on investment. D. Unfortunately, we have no idea how long humans have been bringing animals into their lives as pets. E. The data revealed that every primate group, regardless of species, displayed some behavior linked to pet-keeping. F. The earliest evidence comes from a 14,000-year-old grave in Germany, where a man and woman were buried alongside their dog. 【答案】47. C 48. B 49. E 50. A 【解析】 【导语】文章主要说明了研究发现灵长类动物也有类似养宠物的行为，文章介绍人类养宠的两种理论、相关调研数据，并推测这类行为可能是为排解孤独。 【47题详解】 根据上文“Pets have long been an evolutionary puzzle. We feed them, house them, cut their nails, and clean their teeth.(饲养宠物长期以来都是一个进化难题。我们喂养它们，给它们提供住处，为它们修剪指甲、清洁牙齿)”以及后文“Yet across the globe, many cultures keep and cherish animal companions.(然而在世界各地，许多文化都饲养并珍视动物伙伴)”可知，空前提到养宠物长期以来都是进化谜题，人类为宠物投入大量资源，C项指出人类在宠物身上花费的时间精力回报很低，承接“进化谜题”的表述，和后文“但全球诸多文化都珍视动物伴侣”形成转折逻辑，符合语境。 【48题详解】 根据上文“Zoë Goldsborough, a behavioral ecologist who was not involved in the research, said there are two main theories.(未参与该研究的行为生态学家佐伊·戈德斯伯勒表示，主要有两种理论)”以及后文“The other is that humans simply have a natural urge to care for and bond with other living beings.(另一种观点认为，人类天生就有照料其他生物、并与之建立联结的本能)”可知，前文提到有两大相关理论，后文以“The other is”引出第二个理论，B项“一个理论是宠物可用于狩猎或防护”对应“one...the other”的并列结构，逻辑连贯。 【49题详解】 根据上文“To find out if this behavior was common, Grueter and his team reviewed media reports and scientific papers, and surveyed experts. They collected 427 examples from 88 primate species.(为弄清这种行为是否普遍存在，格鲁特和他的团队查阅了媒体报道与科研论文，还咨询了相关专家。他们从88种灵长类动物中收集到427个案例)”可知，空前提到研究团队收集了来自88种灵长类的427个相关案例，E项“数据显示所有灵长类群体无论物种都表现出和养宠物相关的行为”承接收集到的数据，是对调研结果的总结。 【50题详解】 根据上文“What might monkeys and apes get out of interactions with unrelated animals?(猴子和猿类能从与其他物种的相处中得到什么呢？)”以及后文“Similar to humans, primates can find comfort in touching or huddling with another warm body. Dr. Grueter hopes that this research will help zoos and sanctuaries design better multispecies enclosures (围场) for animals.(和人类类似，灵长类动物可以通过触碰、依偎另一个温热的躯体获得慰藉。格鲁特博士希望这项研究能够帮助动物园和动物庇护所为动物设计更好的多物种混养围场)”可知，前文提出疑问“灵长类从和非同类动物的互动中能获得什么”，A项“部分动机可能是孤独”回应问题，和后文“和人类类似，灵长类能从触碰依偎其他温热躯体中获得慰藉”的解释衔接自然。 Ⅳ. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 51. 在哥哥的影响下，他渐渐对科学实验产生了浓厚的兴趣。(acquire) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Under the influence of his elder brother, he gradually acquired a strong interest in scientific experiments. 【解析】 【详解】“在哥哥的影响下”作状语，译为介词短语Under the influence of his elder brother；主语“他”译为代词he，谓语“产生”用提示词acquire，句子描述过去已经发生并完成的变化，用一般过去时态acquired；“渐渐地”修饰谓语动词，译为副词gradually作状语；宾语“浓厚的兴趣”译为名词词组a strong interest，状语“对科学实验”译为介词短语in scientific experiments。 52. 除非你尽快改掉坏习惯，不然你的室友不会再容忍你。(unless) ____________________ 【答案】Your roommate won’t/will not tolerate you anymore/ any longer unless you get rid of your bad habits as soon as possible. 【解析】 【详解】考查unless的用法。unless意为“除非……”，常用于引导条件状语从句。状语从句常用一般现在时表示将来意义，主句多用一般将来时。改掉坏习惯，可用短语“get rid of the bad habit”，“不再…”“not…any longer”。因此句子可译为：：Your roommate won’t/will not tolerate you anymore/ any longer unless you get rid of your bad habits as soon as possible. 53. 政府推出了一项线上读书活动，让全国各地学生有机会免费阅读经典书籍。(launch) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 The government has launched an online reading activity, enabling students across the country to read classic books for free. 【解析】 【详解】主语“政府”译为名词The government；谓语“推出”用提示词launch，句子描述已完成并产生现有影响的动作，用现在完成时态has launched；宾语“一项线上读书活动”译为名词词组an online reading activity；“让全国各地学生有机会免费阅读经典书籍”作结果状语，“让……有机会……”译为动词短语enable...to do...，用现在分词enabling表主动，宾语“全国各地学生”译为名词词组students across the country，宾语补足语“免费阅读经典书籍”译为动词不定式短语to read classic books for free。 54. 如今大家都逐步意识到健康饮食的重要性，过节时不像以前那样胡吃海喝了。（aware）(汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Nowadays, people are gradually aware of the importance of healthy eating, and don’t eat and drink without control like before when celebrating festivals. 【解析】 【详解】表示“如今”译为nowadays；表示“大家”译为people；表示“逐步意识到”表达为be gradually aware of；表示“健康饮食的重要性”表达为the importance of healthy eating；表示“胡吃海喝”表达为eat and drink without control，此处为否定陈述句，用助动词do加not；表示“像以前那样”表达为like before；“过节时”为时间状语，动词“庆祝（celebrate）”和逻辑主语people是主动关系，用现在分词形式作状语，表达为when celebrating festivals，省略从句主语和be动词。本句描述当前大众的普遍行为习惯，用一般现在时，主语people是复数，谓语动词用原形。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $