精品解析：上海市徐汇区徐汇中学2025-2026学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题

2025学年第一学期高一年级第二次阶段测试 (英语) （时间90分钟, 满分100分） I. Listening Comprehension Section A （10分） Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. At 1:00 pm. B. At 1:30 pm. C. At 2:00 pm. D. At 2:30 pm. 2. A. Cousins. B. Classmates. C. Colleagues. D. Twins. 3. A. At an exchanging office. B. At a shoe store. C. In a clothing store. D. In a bank. 4. A. A reporter. B. A programmer. C. A writer. D. An operator. 5. A. Drive the woman to the station. B. Walk to the station. C. Take a lift to the station. D. Take a walk with the woman. 6. A. He missed it. B. He watched it. C. He disliked it. D. He would see it again. 7. A. The woman is satisfied with her body shape. B. A relative will move in to live with them. C. The woman is expecting a baby. D. The woman is trying to lose weight. 8. A. Come back again to apply for the job. B. Think about whether to quit the job. C. Get some training before quitting the job. D. Apply for another part-time job. 9. A. Tony talks too fast. B. Tony likes to use idioms. C. Tony doesn’t come to the point. D. Tony likes to show off. 10. A. He was an interesting person. B. He deserved the title. C. He was very lucky to win the honour. D. His life was different from others’. Section B Directions： In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked questions on each of them. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. Interesting. B. Tiring. C. Boring. D. Challenging. 12. A. Because of a bet with his girlfriend. B. Because of a TV programme. C. Because of a marathon competition. D. Because of a serious joke. 13. A. To run a marathon every day. B. To complete 370 marathons. C. To run to the North Pole. D. To get up at 3:30 am to run before work. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. To help them focus on their creative work. B. To inspire more people to be artists and writers. C. To recognise their creative works. D. To select more talented people. 15. A. A set of the applicant’s creative work. B. A personal statement of the applicant. C. An outline of the applicant’s future. D. A description of the applicant’s future goals. 16. A. The selected writers and artists will receive salaries for one year. B. The selected ten writers and artists will share the amount of 16,000 euros. C. Estonia follows the trend by paying writers and artists salaries. D. It is common for writers and artists to receive salaries in many countries. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. At 5:00 pm, May 1st. B. At 5:00 pm, May 31st. C. A. At 6:00 pm, May 1st. D. A. At 6:00 pm, May 31st. 18. A. 22. B. 3. C. 2. D. 6. 19. A. Just his name. B. His name and phone number. C. Just his phone number. D. His e-mail address. 20. A. Cut down the price. B. Look over the menu. C. Decide on the rooms. D. Ask for advice. II. Grammar and vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Hungry Students Get Healthy Choices It is a well-known scientific fact that teenagers eat 50 percent more than the average person. Well, actually three meals a day just isn’t enough ____1____ (satisfy) their endless hunger. Recently Tongji University has decided to keep its canteens open till 11 p.m. and to serve healthy meals at affordable prices. When Fu Qinjun, the director of the university’s food services, ____2____ (interview), he said “Students are usually hungry after studying late into the night, but our canteens used to stop service after 7 p.m. That’s ____3____ students turned to outside sellers, but the quality and safety of the food is not good enough. We expected that this move ____4____ (improve) the situation.” This is good news for the students who now have healthy late-night choices for their diet instead of ____5____ (rely) on fast food and the snacks available at convenience stores. ____6____ those foods tend to create pleasure in our brains, they are basically unhealthy when eaten in excess and can make us fat. If you’re a boarding student, you probably know about fat because it’s likely that you ____7____ (put) on a little weight since you started school. In North America, this phenomenon is called the “Freshman Fifteen”. It refers to the fact that many students gain up to fifteen pounds during the first year they are away from home. ____8____ mum’s care, they tend to eat more than they should. For young people, though, having a healthy appetite is a good thing. However, it’s important to learn how to eat well. So, thanks to Tongji University for helping students fill their bottomless holes with ____9____ (healthy) food. And now maybe the university will keep its gym open late at night _____10_____ _____11_____ students can walk off some of those extra calories! Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. damaged B. historic C. reminisce D. reminding E. occasion F. personal G. vast H. addressing I. ritual J. center K. theme In many countries, festive holidays are celebrated with special TV programs. In the US, the NFL schedules special games for Thanksgiving. In China, watching the CCTV gala is a part of New Year celebrations. In the UK, TV screens are graced by a somewhat less exciting but highly valued _____12_____on Christmas Day — a speech by Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II. In 2015 alone, the Queen's message pulled in 7.5 million viewers in total beating Downton Abbey’s (唐顿庄园) 6.9 million. The _____13_____majority across the UK and the Commonwealth are drawn to it not only because of the Queen's comforting words, but also because of the symbolic significance of the event itself, which is rooted in _____14_____ meaning. In 1932, George V delivered the first Christmas message to his subjects of the British Empire by radio. Many were excited as they gathered round their wireless sets to listen to their king _____15_____them as part of one vast imperial family, but doing so in the privacy of their own homes. Since then, it has become the tradition for the monarch (君主) to deliver messages which _____16_____around the major global, national and personal issues of the past year and embody the spirit of Christmas by appealing for a harmonious society. Queen Elizabeth II delivered her first Christmas message in 1952. But far from being a message that is scripted by governmental advisers, the Queen’s message is a(n)_____17_____one written by the Queen herself. Thus, it is a rare _____18_____on which the public can hear of their queen's own views, experiences and concerns. It is also an opportunity for the Queen to speak directly to her subjects. Last year, the Queen’s message was recorded in the restored Windsor Castle once _____19_____ in the big fire, and in her speech, the Queen recalled the famous Apollo 11 mission 50 years ago, _____20_____the whole nation that “giant leaps often start with small steps”. By joining together and listening to the Queen deliver her Christmas broadcast, audiences across the globe not only confirm their loyalty to the Queen, but also _____21_____about the past, cherish their families and give thanks to their neighbors. For many, the Queen’s message is more than just a televised speech; it is part of the national culture, symbolizing their national unity. III. Reading Comprehension Section A （15分） Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Increasingly, Americans are becoming their own doctors, by going online to diagnose their symptoms, order home health tests or medical devices, or even self-treat their illnesses with drugs from Internet pharmacies (药房). Some ____22____ doctors because of the high cost of medical care, especially if they lack health insurance. Or they may stay away because they find it ____23____ to discuss their weight, alcohol consumption or couch potato habits. ____24____ may also fear what they might learn about their health, or they distrust physicians because of ____25____ experiences in the past. ____26____, playing doctor can also be a dangerous game. Every day, more than six million Americans ____27____ the Internet for medical answers — most of them ____28____ what they find. A 2002 survey by the Pew Internet & American Life Project found that 72 percent of those ____29____ believe all or most of what they read on health websites. They shouldn’t. ____30____ “headache”, and the chances of finding reliable and complete information, ____31____ a motivation for commercial gain, are only one in ten, reports an April 2005 Brown Medical School study. Of the 169 websites the researchers rated, only 16 scored as “high quality”. Recent studies found faulty ____32____ about all sorts of other disorders, causing one research team to ____33____ that a large amount of information is given ____34____ or incompletely and even dangerous information exists on the Internet. The problem is that most people don’t know the safe way to surf the Web. “They use a search engine like Google, get 18 trillion ____35____ and start clicking. But that’s ____36____, because almost anybody can put up a site that looks authoritative, so it’s hard to know if what you’re reading is reasonable or not,” says Dr. Sarah Bass from the National Cancer Institute. 22. A. avoid B. distrust C. disobey D. hate 23. A. impractical B. disappointing C. impossible D. embarrassing 24. A. Researchers B. Physicians C. Patients D. Doctors 25. A. fortunate B. pleasant C. mysterious D. negative 26 A. In short B. Therefore C. However D. Meanwhile 27. A. put up B. turn to C. make up D. take over 28. A. doubt B. deny C. accept D. reject 29. A. treated B. surveyed C. cheated D. recommended 30. A. Look up B. Deal with C. Get rid of D. Make up 31. A. interested in B. contrary to C. relevant to D. free from 32. A. facts B. prices C. devices D. websites 33. A. oppose B. warn C. doubt D. suspect 34. A. illegally B. impersonally C. informally D. inaccurately 35. A. choices B. surveys C. patterns D. applications 36. A. useless B. beneficial C. risky D. unbelievable Section B （22分） Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A Most students in the UK leave high school at the age of 18 and go to study for three years in a university, but in recent years many students have chosen to take a one-year break between finishing school and starting university. This period is called a gap year and is a time when British students can broaden their horizons by visiting foreign countries Tens of thousands of gap year travellers leave Britain every year, with Australia as the most popular destination. While some of them do charity work in developing countries, others will enjoy eco-tourism. Many other gap year travellers try their hand at teaching English to the people in the countries they visit. Students who take a gap year often say the experiences help them get a better view on the world and broaden their cultural horizons. The most important part of any gap year is learning about the customs and cultures of other peoples. Developments in communications technology mean it is easier than ever to keep in touch with friends and family at home. Many gap year students keep a travel blog or upload their pictures to photo-sharing websites so that others can see their adventures. 37. A gap year refers to a time when many students _________ after graduating from high school. A. stay at home B. travel abroad C. work in a foreign country D. continue to study in a foreign country 38. Most of British gap year travellers go to _________ every year. A. America B. China C. Australia D. France 39. To many gap year travellers, the most important thing is _________ when travelling. A. to do charity work B. to enjoy eco-tourism C. to teach English D. to learn about other cultures 40. In which way do gap year travellers share their experiences with their friends? A. By writing letters. B. By sending e-mails. C. By sending short messages. D. By keeping a travel blog. B Attend the Next Forum! For the last eighteen years CPSB has had the pleasure of hosting a learning event we call a Forum. We started offering programs in Sarasota in February in 1991 and our first Forum was held in 1992 as a small group meeting. Being from the Northern USA, this was a particularly good time to go south for the warmth of our friendships with Dr. Treffinger and Dr. Noller and to keep away from the cold winter. The Forum is the only chance to learn about various topics of the creativity and innovation and from those who have rich experience and interest in the field. The theme of the 2017 Forum includes searching for a few new methods, sharing lessons from experience, and learning and exchanging ideas on cutting-edge research. Space is limited, so early registration is welcome. Meeting the Innovation Challenge February 6 and 7, 2017 The Lido Holiday Inn, Sarasota, Florida $750 (registration includes some meals and materials) Interested in becoming qualified to use the VIEW assessment of Problem Solving Style? The two days just before our Forum provides you just that chance. For more information on VIEW see pages 24-25. VIEW Qualification Course February 4 and 5, 2017 The Lido Holiday Inn, Sarasota, Florida $650 (registration includes lunch and course materials) Special Offer: If you would like to attend the VIEW qualification course and the Forum, you can register for both events for $1,050. 41. According to this advertisement, at the Forum people _________. A. come together in order to form an organization B. express different opinions and discuss public matters C. eat together to celebrate their success or victory D. work together for the purpose of business or trade 42. If you register both the VIEW qualification course and the Forum at the same time, you will save ________. A. $100 B. $300 C. $350 D. $400 43. The main purpose of this advertisement is to ________. A. encourage more people to attend the Forum in time B. promise everyone can pay less money to attend the Forum C. call on the people in the north of the USA to go south for holidays D. introduce some new activities and topics of the Forum C You’re walking down a quiet street and suddenly you hear some footsteps. Undoubtedly, it means that there’s someone around. But have you ever wondered why it occurs to us that it’s someone else’s footsteps, not ours? According to a new study published in the journal Nature in September, this phenomenon arises from a function in our brain to ignore the noise we make ourselves. In order to explore how our brain does this a group of scientists carried out an experiment with mice at Duke University. The research entered on an intuition-that we are usually unaware of the sound of our own footsteps-as a vehicle for understanding larger neural phenomena; how this behavior reveals the ability to monitor, recognize, and remember the sound of one’s own movements in relation to those of their larger environments. In the experiment, research controlled the sounds of a group of mice could hear, reported Science Daily. During the first several days, the mice would hear the same sound each time they took a step. This was just like “running on a tiny piano with each key playing exactly the same note”, senior study author Richard Mooney, a professor of neurobiology at Duke University, told Live Science. Scientists found that their auditory cortex (听觉皮层) – the area of the brain that processes sound –became active at first but decreased its response to the sound after two or three minutes when the mice became familiar with it. “ It’s almost like they were wearing special headphones that could filter (过滤) out the sound of their own movements.” David Schneider, an assistant professor at the Center for Neutral Science at New York University, told HuffPost. But once the sound changed, their auditory cortex became active again. This suggests that the “sensory filter” in a mouse’s brain could help it detect new sounds or abnormal noise in the environment easily after tuning out familiar sounds. “For mice, this is really important,” said Schneider. “They are prey animals, so they really need to be able to listen for a cat creeping up on them, even when they’re walking and making noise. Being able to ignore the sounds of one’s own movements is likely important for humans as well But the ability to predict the sounds of our own actions is also important for more complex human behaviors such as speaking or playing an instrument. “When we learn to speak or to play music, we predict what sounds we are going to hear – such as when we prepare to strike keys on a piano – and we compare this to what we actually hear, “explains Schneider. “We use mismatches between expectation and experience to change how we play – and we get better over time because our brain is trying to minimize these errors.” 44. What can be discovered about mice in the experiment? A. Their brain responds inactively to the familiar sounds B. They are able to detect sounds other animals don’t notice. C. They cannot identify different sounds except their own footsteps. D. Different areas of their brain are responsible for different sounds. 45. What’s the function of the sensory filter? A. Ignoring the sounds made by our companions. B. Getting used to abnormal or unfamiliar sounds. C. Identifying the sounds from a larger environment. D. Being sensitive to the sounds of our own movement. 46. Why can a good symphony conductor immediately recognize it when a wrong note is played? A. He has the ability to match the wrong note with the instrument player. B. He has an intuition that he should ignore the sound of his own movement. C. He has a low expectation and knows where players are likely to make errors. D. He has a good prediction of how each note should be played in the orchestra. 47. What can be inferred from the passage? A. Noise-filtering ability ensures us a quiet and undisturbed environment. B. The ability to ignore familiar noises helps to detect potential dangers. C. The activeness of auditory cortex determines our activity performance. D. Sound-predicting ability seems not so important for humans as for animals. Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Being invited to dinner is a big treat for Americans, but as a new comer who happens to feel sorry for American food, I find it a painful assignment. First, I cannot get used to eating sweet and salty thongs together. Second, terrible-tasting food must be praised to the skies.Third, it is not filling, you have to make yourself another meal after going home. One time, a colleague said to my husband, “My father is a good cook and invites you two to have a taste of his culinary skill this weekend.”____48____ The meal turned out to be canned chicken with vegetables and rice, which tasted funny. Following this dish was a dessert of cored apples, stuffed with plum jam and coated in sugar. Eating it made me feel like vomiting, but I had to say, “Delicious! Delicious!”____49____ Often when we were invited to dinner by Americans I felt that they were not inviting us to eat but to look at the tableware. They do not use rice bowls. At the beginning of the meal the table is set with three plates for each person, three glasses, a knife, a fork, a big spoon and a little spoon. The big spoon is seldom used, however, for they do not drink soup but lots of cold water, so the glasses see much service.____50____ After that some strange-looking and odd-tasting little dishes are served while people eat and talk. Then comes the main course, usually a piece of chicken or steak or a slice of ham, with a few fried potatoes and some peas, or whatever, boiled to a pulp. When this is finished, dessert is served, fruit pie or ice cream, and cake, which is murder to eat,for it is tasteless. Last comes coffee or tea.American tea is a bag of tea-leaves in a cup of hot water, at which point, the dinner is considered over.____51____ The Americans talk and laugh, and we do not understand what is being said. It is really unbearably painful. That is why I find eating American meals most troublesome. A. One of the nicest things you can do is to cook a Chinese dish and take it with you. B. Then you are invited into the living room to talk for two or three hours. C. It was unspeakably painful. D. It would have been embarrassing to refuse, so we had to accept it. E. It is completely unnecessary to take a gift with you when you are invited to dinner. F. The first course is usually raw salad or fruit salad, followed by bread and butter. IV. Translation: Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 在这个班级里，学生的作业质量因人而异。 （vary）(汉译英) _________________________________________________________________ 53. 在成人仪式之后，毕业生们需要学会承担责任，尊重他人。（respect n.）(汉译英) _________________________________________________________________ 54. 对我来说，在正式场合做一次关于公民践行意识的演讲是一种挑战。（occasion）（汉译英） _________________________________________________________________ 55. 随着返校节庆典越来越受欢迎，在校学生参与了各类主题活动，从返校节王室选举到乐队游行，应有尽有。（involve）（汉译英） _________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025学年第一学期高一年级第二次阶段测试 (英语) （时间90分钟, 满分100分） I. Listening Comprehension Section A （10分） Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. At 1:00 pm. B. At 1:30 pm. C. At 2:00 pm. D. At 2:30 pm. 2. A. Cousins. B. Classmates. C. Colleagues. D. Twins. 3. A. At an exchanging office. B. At a shoe store. C. In a clothing store. D. In a bank. 4. A. A reporter. B. A programmer. C. A writer. D. An operator. 5. A. Drive the woman to the station. B. Walk to the station. C. Take a lift to the station. D. Take a walk with the woman. 6. A. He missed it. B. He watched it. C. He disliked it. D. He would see it again. 7. A. The woman is satisfied with her body shape. B. A relative will move in to live with them. C. The woman is expecting a baby. D. The woman is trying to lose weight. 8. A. Come back again to apply for the job. B. Think about whether to quit the job. C. Get some training before quitting the job. D. Apply for another part-time job. 9. A. Tony talks too fast. B. Tony likes to use idioms. C. Tony doesn’t come to the point. D. Tony likes to show off. 10. A. He was an interesting person. B. He deserved the title. C. He was very lucky to win the honour. D His life was different from others’. Section B Directions： In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked questions on each of them. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. Interesting. B. Tiring. C. Boring. D. Challenging. 12. A. Because of a bet with his girlfriend. B Because of a TV programme. C. Because of a marathon competition. D. Because of a serious joke. 13. A. To run a marathon every day. B. To complete 370 marathons. C. To run to the North Pole. D. To get up at 3:30 am to run before work. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. To help them focus on their creative work. B. To inspire more people to be artists and writers. C. To recognise their creative works. D. To select more talented people. 15. A. A set of the applicant’s creative work. B. A personal statement of the applicant. C. An outline of the applicant’s future. D. A description of the applicant’s future goals. 16. A. The selected writers and artists will receive salaries for one year. B. The selected ten writers and artists will share the amount of 16,000 euros. C. Estonia follows the trend by paying writers and artists salaries. D. It is common for writers and artists to receive salaries in many countries. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. At 5:00 pm, May 1st. B. At 5:00 pm, May 31st. C. A. At 6:00 pm, May 1st. D. A. At 6:00 pm, May 31st. 18. A. 22. B. 3. C. 2. D. 6. 19. A. Just his name. B. His name and phone number. C. Just his phone number. D. His e-mail address. 20. A. Cut down the price. B. Look over the menu. C. Decide on the rooms. D. Ask for advice. II. Grammar and vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Hungry Students Get Healthy Choices It is a well-known scientific fact that teenagers eat 50 percent more than the average person. Well, actually three meals a day just isn’t enough ____1____ (satisfy) their endless hunger. Recently Tongji University has decided to keep its canteens open till 11 p.m. and to serve healthy meals at affordable prices. When Fu Qinjun, the director of the university’s food services, ____2____ (interview), he said “Students are usually hungry after studying late into the night, but our canteens used to stop service after 7 p.m. That’s ____3____ students turned to outside sellers, but the quality and safety of the food is not good enough. We expected that this move ____4____ (improve) the situation.” This is good news for the students who now have healthy late-night choices for their diet instead of ____5____ (rely) on fast food and the snacks available at convenience stores. ____6____ those foods tend to create pleasure in our brains, they are basically unhealthy when eaten in excess and can make us fat. If you’re a boarding student, you probably know about fat because it’s likely that you ____7____ (put) on a little weight since you started school. In North America, this phenomenon is called the “Freshman Fifteen”. It refers to the fact that many students gain up to fifteen pounds during the first year they are away from home. ____8____ mum’s care, they tend to eat more than they should. For young people, though, having a healthy appetite is a good thing. However, it’s important to learn how to eat well. So, thanks to Tongji University for helping students fill their bottomless holes with ____9____ (healthy) food. And now maybe the university will keep its gym open late at night _____10_____ _____11_____ students can walk off some of those extra calories! 【答案】1. to satisfy 2. was interviewed 3. why 4. would improve 5. relying 6. Although##Though##While 7. have put 8. Without 9. healthier 10. so 11. that 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍同济大学延长食堂营业时间至晚11点，为熬夜学习学生提供健康夜宵，解决其深夜就餐难题。 【1题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：事实上，一日三餐不足以满足他们旺盛的食欲。此处为固定搭配“be enough to do sth.”，意为“足以做某事”，用动词不定式to satisfy作结果状语。故填to satisfy。 【2题详解】 考查动词语态和时态。句意：该校餐饮服务中心主任傅钦骏在接受采访时表示：“学生们通常熬夜学习后会饿，但我们的食堂以前晚上7点就停止营业了。”此处为谓语动词，主语Fu Qinjun与interview为被动关系（“被采访”），且描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时的被动语态；主语为单数，所以用was interviewed。故填was interviewed。 【3题详解】 考查表语从句连接词。句意：该校餐饮服务中心主任傅钦骏在接受采访时表示：“学生们通常熬夜学习后会饿，但我们的食堂以前晚上7点就停止营业了，这就是为什么学生们会求助于校外商家，但这些食品的质量和安全却不够有保障。”此处引导表语从句，从句表示结果，意为“这就是……的原因”，用连接副词why。故填why。 【4题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：我们预计这一举措将改善这种状况。此处为宾语从句的谓语动词，主句谓语expected为一般过去时，从句表示从过去视角看将要发生的动作，用过去将来时，所以谓语动词为would improve。故填would improve。 【5题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这对学生们来说是个好消息，他们现在有了健康的夜宵选择，而不用再依赖快餐店和便利店的零食。此处位于介词短语instead of之后，用rely的动名词形式relying。故填relying。 【6题详解】 考查连词。句意：虽然这些食物往往能让我们的大脑产生愉悦感，但过量食用基本上是不健康的，还会导致我们发胖。此处引导让步状语从句，表“虽然、尽管”，用连词although/though/while，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Although/Though/While。 【7题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：如果你是寄宿生，你可能对发胖这件事并不陌生，因为自从入学以来，你的体重很可能已经增加了一点。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语since you started school，强调从过去持续到现在的动作，用现在完成时，且主语you为第二人称，所以谓语动词为have put。故填have put。 【8题详解】 考查介词。句意：没有了妈妈的照顾，他们往往会吃得过多。此处表示“没有”，用介词without，句首首字母大写。故填Without。 【9题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：所以，感谢同济大学帮助学生们用更健康的食物来填满他们的“无底洞”。此处暗含与校外不健康食品的对比，用healthy的比较级healthier，意为“更健康的”。故填healthier。 【10题详解】 考查连词。句意：现在，或许这所大学可以把健身房的开放时间也延长到深夜，这样学生们就能消耗掉多余的热量了！结合句意，此处为“so that”引导的目的状语从句，表示“以便、为了”，所以此处用so。故填so。 【11题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：现在，或许这所大学可以把健身房的开放时间也延长到深夜，这样学生们就能消耗掉多余的热量了！此处为固定搭配“so that”，引导目的状语从句，意为“以便”，所以此处为that。故填that。 Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. damaged B. historic C. reminisce D. reminding E. occasion F. personal G. vast H. addressing I. ritual J. center K. theme In many countries, festive holidays are celebrated with special TV programs. In the US, the NFL schedules special games for Thanksgiving. In China, watching the CCTV gala is a part of New Year celebrations. In the UK, TV screens are graced by a somewhat less exciting but highly valued _____12_____on Christmas Day — a speech by Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II. In 2015 alone, the Queen's message pulled in 7.5 million viewers in total beating Downton Abbey’s (唐顿庄园) 6.9 million. The _____13_____majority across the UK and the Commonwealth are drawn to it not only because of the Queen's comforting words, but also because of the symbolic significance of the event itself, which is rooted in _____14_____ meaning. In 1932, George V delivered the first Christmas message to his subjects of the British Empire by radio. Many were excited as they gathered round their wireless sets to listen to their king _____15_____them as part of one vast imperial family, but doing so in the privacy of their own homes. Since then, it has become the tradition for the monarch (君主) to deliver messages which _____16_____around the major global, national and personal issues of the past year and embody the spirit of Christmas by appealing for a harmonious society. Queen Elizabeth II delivered her first Christmas message in 1952. But far from being a message that is scripted by governmental advisers, the Queen’s message is a(n)_____17_____one written by the Queen herself. Thus, it is a rare _____18_____on which the public can hear of their queen's own views, experiences and concerns. It is also an opportunity for the Queen to speak directly to her subjects. Last year, the Queen’s message was recorded in the restored Windsor Castle once _____19_____ in the big fire, and in her speech, the Queen recalled the famous Apollo 11 mission 50 years ago, _____20_____the whole nation that “giant leaps often start with small steps”. By joining together and listening to the Queen deliver her Christmas broadcast, audiences across the globe not only confirm their loyalty to the Queen, but also _____21_____about the past, cherish their families and give thanks to their neighbors. For many, the Queen’s message is more than just a televised speech; it is part of the national culture, symbolizing their national unity. 【答案】12. I 13. G 14. B 15. H 16. J 17. F 18. E 19. A 20. D 21. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。英国圣诞期间女王的演讲是极具价值的传统活动，受众广泛，源于其历史意义与个人属性，兼具文化象征与凝聚国民的作用。 【12题详解】 考查名词。句意：在英国，圣诞节当天的电视屏幕上会出现一个虽不那么令人兴奋但极具价值的仪式——英国女王伊丽莎白二世的演讲。分析句子结构可知，此空应填名词作宾语，结合语境“女王圣诞演讲”是长期延续的传统活动，ritual，表“仪式；惯例”，符合语义，且与后文“become the tradition”呼应。故选I。 【13题详解】 考查形容词。句意：英国及英联邦国家的绝大多数人被它吸引，不仅因为女王令人安心的话语，还因为这一事件本身的象征意义，而这种意义植根于历史内涵之中。分析句子结构可知，此空应填形容词修饰名词majority，vast，表“巨大的；大量的”，构成“vast majority(绝大多数)”的固定搭配，符合“受众广泛”的语境。故选G。 【14题详解】 考查形容词。句意：英国及英联邦国家的绝大多数人被它吸引，不仅因为女王令人安心的话语，还因为这一事件本身的象征意义，而这种意义植根于历史内涵之中。分析句子结构可知，此空应填形容词修饰名词meaning，结合前文“1932年首次演讲”的背景，historic，表“历史的；具有历史意义的”，符合“植根于历史”的语义。故选B。 【15题详解】 考查动词。句意：许多人兴奋地围在收音机旁，聆听国王将他们称作庞大帝国大家庭的一员，而这一切都发生在自己家中的私密空间里。分析句子结构可知，此空应填现在分词作宾语补足语，“listen to sb. doing sth.”，为固定搭配，address，表“称呼；向……致辞”，符合“国王对民众说话”的语境，逻辑上与“subjects(臣民)”呼应。故选H。 【16题详解】 考查动词。句意：从那以后，君主发表演讲成为传统，演讲围绕过去一年的重大全球、国家及个人议题展开，并通过呼吁和谐社会来体现圣诞精神。分析句子结构可知，此空应填动词作定语从句的谓语，center around，表“围绕……展开”，为固定短语，符合“演讲聚焦各类议题”的语义，主语为复数“messages”，且陈述客观传统，用动词原形。故选J。 【17题详解】 考查形容词。句意：但女王的演讲绝非由政府顾问撰写的脚本，而是由女王亲自执笔的个人演讲。分析句子结构可知，此空应填形容词修饰名词one(指代 message)，与“scripted by governmental advisers”形成对比，personal，表“个人的；私人的”，符合“女王亲自撰写”的语境。故选F。 【18题详解】 考查名词。句意：因此，这是一个罕见的场合，公众可以听到女王自己的观点、经历和关切。分析句子结构可知，此空应填名词作表语，“on which”引导定语从句修饰该名词，occasion，表“场合；时机”，符合“公众了解女王个人想法的难得机会”的语义。故选E。 【19题详解】 考查动词过去分词。句意：去年，女王的演讲是在修复后的温莎城堡录制的，这座城堡曾在大火中受损，在演讲中，女王回顾了50年前著名的阿波罗11号任务，提醒全国人民“巨大的飞跃往往始于微小的步伐”。分析句子结构可知，此空应填过去分词作后置定语修饰“Windsor Castle”，结合“restored(修复的)”可推知城堡曾遭破坏，damaged，表“受损的”符合语义。故选A。 【20题详解】 考查动词。句意：去年，女王的演讲是在修复后的温莎城堡录制的，这座城堡曾在大火中受损，在演讲中，女王回顾了50年前著名的阿波罗11号任务，提醒全国人民“巨大的飞跃往往始于微小的步伐”。分析句子结构可知，此空应填现在分词作伴随状语，主语“the Queen”与该动作为主谓关系，reminding，表“提醒；使想起”，符合“演讲传递启示”的语境，且“remind sb. that...”为常用搭配。故选D。 【21题详解】 考查动词。句意：通过聚在一起聆听女王的圣诞广播，全球观众不仅确认了对女王的忠诚，还追忆过去、珍惜家人、感谢邻里。分析句子结构可知，此空应填动词与“confirm”、“cherish”和“give thanks” 构成并列谓语，reminisce about，表“追忆；缅怀”，为固定短语，符合“回顾过去”的语义，且与前文“recalled the famous Apollo 11 mission”形成呼应，用动词原形。故选C。 III. Reading Comprehension Section A （15分） Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Increasingly, Americans are becoming their own doctors, by going online to diagnose their symptoms, order home health tests or medical devices, or even self-treat their illnesses with drugs from Internet pharmacies (药房). Some ____22____ doctors because of the high cost of medical care, especially if they lack health insurance. Or they may stay away because they find it ____23____ to discuss their weight, alcohol consumption or couch potato habits. ____24____ may also fear what they might learn about their health, or they distrust physicians because of ____25____ experiences in the past. ____26____, playing doctor can also be a dangerous game. Every day, more than six million Americans ____27____ the Internet for medical answers — most of them ____28____ what they find. A 2002 survey by the Pew Internet & American Life Project found that 72 percent of those ____29____ believe all or most of what they read on health websites. They shouldn’t. ____30____ “headache”, and the chances of finding reliable and complete information, ____31____ a motivation for commercial gain, are only one in ten, reports an April 2005 Brown Medical School study. Of the 169 websites the researchers rated, only 16 scored as “high quality”. Recent studies found faulty ____32____ about all sorts of other disorders, causing one research team to ____33____ that a large amount of information is given ____34____ or incompletely and even dangerous information exists on the Internet. The problem is that most people don’t know the safe way to surf the Web. “They use a search engine like Google, get 18 trillion ____35____ and start clicking. But that’s ____36____, because almost anybody can put up a site that looks authoritative, so it’s hard to know if what you’re reading is reasonable or not,” says Dr. Sarah Bass from the National Cancer Institute. 22. A. avoid B. distrust C. disobey D. hate 23. A. impractical B. disappointing C. impossible D. embarrassing 24. A. Researchers B. Physicians C. Patients D. Doctors 25. A. fortunate B. pleasant C. mysterious D. negative 26. A. In short B. Therefore C. However D. Meanwhile 27. A. put up B. turn to C. make up D. take over 28. A. doubt B. deny C. accept D. reject 29. A. treated B. surveyed C. cheated D. recommended 30. A. Look up B. Deal with C. Get rid of D. Make up 31. A. interested in B. contrary to C. relevant to D. free from 32. A. facts B. prices C. devices D. websites 33. A. oppose B. warn C. doubt D. suspect 34. A. illegally B. impersonally C. informally D. inaccurately 35. A. choices B. surveys C. patterns D. applications 36. A. useless B. beneficial C. risky D. unbelievable 【答案】22. A 23. D 24. C 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. A 36. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了许多美国人因费用、尴尬等原因选择网上自我诊疗且轻信各种信息，但研究表明网络医疗信息大多不可靠，这种做法存在很大风险。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些人因为医疗费用高昂而避免去看医生，尤其是当他们没有医疗保险的时候。A. avoid避免；B. distrust不信任；C. disobey违反；D. hate讨厌。根据后文“because of the high cost of medical care, especially if they lack health insurance”可知，人们因为医疗费用高以及没有医保，避免去看医生。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：或者他们可能会选择回避，因为他们觉得谈论自己的体重、饮酒情况或者久坐不动的习惯会让他们感到难为情。A. impractical不实际的；B. disappointing令人失望的；C. impossible不可能的；D. embarrassing令人尴尬的。根据后文“to discuss their weight, alcohol consumption or couch potato habits”可知，人们不愿就医的另一个原因是，讨论体重、饮酒量或久坐习惯这类话题会让他们觉得尴尬。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：患者们还可能害怕了解到有关自身健康状况的某些信息，或者由于过去的一些不愉快经历而对医生产生不信任。A. Researchers研究人员；B. Physicians内科医生；C. Patients病人；D. Doctors医生。本段一直在讲人们不愿看医生的原因，此处承接前文，指患者可能还会担心自己的健康状况。Patients对应“就医人群”，故选C。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：患者们还可能害怕了解到有关自身健康状况的某些信息，或者由于过去的一些消极经历而对医生产生不信任。A. fortunate幸运的；B. pleasant令人愉快的；C. mysterious神秘的；D. negative消极的。根据上文“they distrust physicians because of”可知，对医生不信任是因为过去一些消极经历。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：然而，扮演医生也是一个危险的游戏。A. In short总之；B. Therefore因此；C. However然而；D. Meanwhile同时。前文讲人们自我诊疗的原因，本句说 “自我诊疗是危险的行为”，前后是转折关系。However表转折，符合逻辑。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：每天，超过600万的美国人会通过互联网寻求医疗方面的答案——而他们中的大多数人会接受所得到的信息。A. put up放置；B. turn to求助于；C. make up组成；D. take over接管。根据后文“the Internet for medical answers”可知，每天有超六百万美国人上网查询医疗问题。turn to the Internet意为“求助于互联网”，故选B。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天，超过600万的美国人会通过互联网寻求医疗方面的答案——而他们中的大多数人会接受所得到的信息。A. doubt怀疑；B. deny否认；C. accept接受；D. reject拒绝。后文“72 percent of those ____ believe all or most of what they read on health websites.”提到72%的人相信健康网站上的内容，因此本句指大多数人会接受在网上查到的信息。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：皮尤互联网与美国生活项目在2002年进行的一项调查发现，接受调查的72%的人认为他们在健康网站上所读到的内容全部或大部分都是真实的。A. treated对待；B. surveyed调查；C. cheated欺骗；D. recommended推荐。根据上文“A 2002 survey by the Pew Internet & American Life Project”可知，此处指接受调查的人数，故选B。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：2005年4月，布朗医学院的一项研究指出：查找“头痛”这个词时，能够找到既可靠又完整且不受商业利益驱使的信息的概率仅为十分之一。”A. Look up查找；B. Deal with处理；C. Get rid of摆脱；D. Make up组成。根据后文““headache”, and the chances of finding reliable and complete information”指在网上查找“头痛”的信息，故选A。 【31题详解】 考查形容词短语辨析。句意：2005年4月，布朗医学院的一项研究指出：“查找“头痛”这个词时，能够找到既可靠又完整且不受商业利益驱使的信息的概率仅为十分之一。”A. interested in感兴趣；B. contrary to违反；C. relevant to与……有关；D. free from摆脱，没有。根据后文“a motivation for commercial gain, are only one in ten”可知，没有商业利益驱动的可靠信息。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：近期的研究发现，有关各种其他疾病的描述存在错误之处，这使得一个研究团队发出警告：网络上存在大量信息表述不准确或不完整，甚至还有危险的信息。A. facts事实；B. prices价格；C. devices设备；D. websites网站。根据后文“or incompletely and even dangerous information exists on the Internet”可知，最近的研究发现，网上关于各类疾病的信息存在错误。faulty facts意为“错误的信息 / 事实”，故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：近期的研究发现，有关各种其他疾病的描述存在错误之处，这使得一个研究团队发出警告：网络上存在大量信息表述不准确或不完整，甚至还有危险的信息。A. oppose反对；B. warn警告；C. doubt怀疑；D. suspect怀疑。根据上文“Recent studies found faulty ____ about all sorts of other disorders, causing one research team to”研究团队发现网上信息有问题，因此警告大众：网上有大量不准确、不完整甚至危险的信息。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：近期的研究发现，有关各种其他疾病的描述存在错误之处，这使得一个研究团队发出警告：网络上存在大量信息表述不准确或不完整，甚至还有危险的信息。A. illegally非法地；B. impersonally与个人无关地；C. informally非正式地；D. inaccurately不准确地。根据后文“or incompletely and even dangerous information”可知，本句与 incompletely（不完整地）、dangerous（危险的）并列，指信息不准确地被发布。inaccurately 意为“不准确地”，故选D。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们使用像谷歌这样的搜索引擎，会得到18万亿种选择，然后开始点击操作。A. choices选择；B. surveys调查表；C. patterns模式；D. applications申请。根据上文“They use a search engine like Google, get 18 trillion”可知，用谷歌搜索后会出现大量搜索结果/选择，人们会开始点击查看。故选A。 【36题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“但这样做存在风险，因为几乎任何人都能搭建一个看似权威的网站，所以很难判断你所读到的内容是否合理，“美国国家癌症研究所的萨拉·巴斯博士如是说。A. useless无用的；B. beneficial有益的；C. risky有风险的；D. unbelievable难以置信的。后文“because almost anybody can put up a site that looks authoritative”提到“任何人都能建看起来权威的网站，很难判断内容是否合理”，因此这种做法是有风险的。故选C。 Section B （22分） Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A Most students in the UK leave high school at the age of 18 and go to study for three years in a university, but in recent years many students have chosen to take a one-year break between finishing school and starting university. This period is called a gap year and is a time when British students can broaden their horizons by visiting foreign countries. Tens of thousands of gap year travellers leave Britain every year, with Australia as the most popular destination. While some of them do charity work in developing countries, others will enjoy eco-tourism. Many other gap year travellers try their hand at teaching English to the people in the countries they visit. Students who take a gap year often say the experiences help them get a better view on the world and broaden their cultural horizons. The most important part of any gap year is learning about the customs and cultures of other peoples. Developments in communications technology mean it is easier than ever to keep in touch with friends and family at home. Many gap year students keep a travel blog or upload their pictures to photo-sharing websites so that others can see their adventures. 37. A gap year refers to a time when many students _________ after graduating from high school. A. stay at home B. travel abroad C. work in a foreign country D. continue to study in a foreign country 38. Most of British gap year travellers go to _________ every year. A. America B. China C. Australia D. France 39. To many gap year travellers, the most important thing is _________ when travelling. A. to do charity work B. to enjoy eco-tourism C. to teach English D. to learn about other cultures 40. In which way do gap year travellers share their experiences with their friends? A By writing letters. B. By sending e-mails. C. By sending short messages. D. By keeping a travel blog. 【答案】37. B 38. C 39. D 40. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍英国学生高中毕业后的间隔年，包括其活动内容、热门目的地及该时期对学生的意义。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“This period is called a gap year and is a time when British students can broaden their horizons by visiting foreign countries.(这段时期被称为间隔年，是英国学生通过前往国外旅行来开阔眼界的时光)”可知，间隔年是许多学生高中毕业后出国旅行的时期。故选B项。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Tens of thousands of gap year travellers leave Britain every year, with Australia as the most popular destination.(每年有数万名间隔年旅行者离开英国，澳大利亚是最受欢迎的目的地)”可知，大多数英国间隔年旅行者每年会前往澳大利亚。故选C项。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The most important part of any gap year is learning about the customs and cultures of other peoples.(间隔年最重要的部分是了解其他民族的风俗和文化)”可知，对于许多间隔年旅行者而言，旅行时最重要的事是了解其他文化。故选D项。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Many gap year students keep a travel blog or upload their pictures to photo-sharing websites so that others can see their adventures.(许多间隔年学生会撰写旅行博客，或者将照片上传到图片分享网站，让其他人能够看到他们的奇遇)”可知，间隔年旅行者通过撰写旅行博客的方式与朋友们分享自己的经历。故选D项。 B Attend the Next Forum! For the last eighteen years CPSB has had the pleasure of hosting a learning event we call a Forum. We started offering programs in Sarasota in February in 1991 and our first Forum was held in 1992 as a small group meeting. Being from the Northern USA, this was a particularly good time to go south for the warmth of our friendships with Dr. Treffinger and Dr. Noller and to keep away from the cold winter. The Forum is the only chance to learn about various topics of the creativity and innovation and from those who have rich experience and interest in the field. The theme of the 2017 Forum includes searching for a few new methods, sharing lessons from experience, and learning and exchanging ideas on cutting-edge research. Space is limited, so early registration is welcome. Meeting the Innovation Challenge February 6 and 7, 2017 The Lido Holiday Inn, Sarasota, Florida $750 (registration includes some meals and materials) Interested in becoming qualified to use the VIEW assessment of Problem Solving Style? The two days just before our Forum provides you just that chance. For more information on VIEW see pages 24-25. VIEW Qualification Course February 4 and 5, 2017 The Lido Holiday Inn, Sarasota, Florida $650 (registration includes lunch and course materials) Special Offer: If you would like to attend the VIEW qualification course and the Forum, you can register for both events for $1,050. 41. According to this advertisement, at the Forum people _________. A. come together in order to form an organization B. express different opinions and discuss public matters C. eat together to celebrate their success or victory D. work together for the purpose of business or trade 42. If you register both the VIEW qualification course and the Forum at the same time, you will save ________. A. $100 B. $300 C. $350 D. $400 43. The main purpose of this advertisement is to ________. A. encourage more people to attend the Forum in time B. promise everyone can pay less money to attend the Forum C. call on the people in the north of the USA to go south for holidays D. introduce some new activities and topics of the Forum 【答案】41. B 42. C 43. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。介绍了CPSB举办的Forum活动及配套的VIEW资格课程的相关信息，包括活动背景、主题、时间、地点、费用及优惠政策等。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The Forum is the only chance to learn about various topics of the creativity and innovation and from those who have rich experience and interest in the field. The theme of the 2017 Forum includes searching for a few new methods, sharing lessons from experience, and learning and exchanging ideas on cutting-edge research. (这个论坛是了解创造力与创新各类主题、并向该领域经验丰富且有浓厚兴趣的人士学习的唯一机会。2017年论坛的主题包括探索一些新方法、分享经验教训，以及围绕前沿研究学习与交流想法)”可知，论坛中人们会交流不同观点、讨论相关议题。故选B项。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中信息，VIEW课程费用为$650，Forum费用为$750，单独报名总计$650+$750=$1400。根据“Special Offer: If you would like to attend the VIEW qualification course and the Forum, you can register for both events for $1,050. (特别优惠：如果您想参加VIEW资格课程和论坛，您可以注册这两个活动，费用为1,050美元。)”可知，联合报名费用为$1050，因此可节省$1400-$1050=$350。故选C项。 【43题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Space is limited, so early registration is welcome. (名额有限，欢迎提前报名)”及全文对活动的介绍可知，这则广告的主要目的是鼓励更多人及时参加论坛。故选A项。 C You’re walking down a quiet street and suddenly you hear some footsteps. Undoubtedly, it means that there’s someone around. But have you ever wondered why it occurs to us that it’s someone else’s footsteps, not ours? According to a new study published in the journal Nature in September, this phenomenon arises from a function in our brain to ignore the noise we make ourselves. In order to explore how our brain does this, a group of scientists carried out an experiment with mice at Duke University. The research entered on an intuition-that we are usually unaware of the sound of our own footsteps-as a vehicle for understanding larger neural phenomena; how this behavior reveals the ability to monitor, recognize, and remember the sound of one’s own movements in relation to those of their larger environments. In the experiment, research controlled the sounds of a group of mice could hear, reported Science Daily. During the first several days, the mice would hear the same sound each time they took a step. This was just like “running on a tiny piano with each key playing exactly the same note”, senior study author Richard Mooney, a professor of neurobiology at Duke University, told Live Science. Scientists found that their auditory cortex (听觉皮层) – the area of the brain that processes sound –became active at first but decreased its response to the sound after two or three minutes when the mice became familiar with it. “ It’s almost like they were wearing special headphones that could filter (过滤) out the sound of their own movements.” David Schneider, an assistant professor at the Center for Neutral Science at New York University, told HuffPost. But once the sound changed, their auditory cortex became active again. This suggests that the “sensory filter” in a mouse’s brain could help it detect new sounds or abnormal noise in the environment easily after tuning out familiar sounds. “For mice, this is really important,” said Schneider. “They are prey animals, so they really need to be able to listen for a cat creeping up on them, even when they’re walking and making noise. Being able to ignore the sounds of one’s own movements is likely important for humans as well. But the ability to predict the sounds of our own actions is also important for more complex human behaviors such as speaking or playing an instrument. “When we learn to speak or to play music, we predict what sounds we are going to hear – such as when we prepare to strike keys on a piano – and we compare this to what we actually hear, “explains Schneider. “We use mismatches between expectation and experience to change how we play – and we get better over time because our brain is trying to minimize these errors.” 44. What can be discovered about mice in the experiment? A. Their brain responds inactively to the familiar sounds B. They are able to detect sounds other animals don’t notice. C. They cannot identify different sounds except their own footsteps. D. Different areas of their brain are responsible for different sounds. 45. What’s the function of the sensory filter? A Ignoring the sounds made by our companions. B. Getting used to abnormal or unfamiliar sounds. C. Identifying the sounds from a larger environment. D. Being sensitive to the sounds of our own movement. 46. Why can a good symphony conductor immediately recognize it when a wrong note is played? A. He has the ability to match the wrong note with the instrument player. B. He has an intuition that he should ignore the sound of his own movement. C. He has a low expectation and knows where players are likely to make errors. D. He has a good prediction of how each note should be played in the orchestra. 47. What can be inferred from the passage? A. Noise-filtering ability ensures us a quiet and undisturbed environment. B. The ability to ignore familiar noises helps to detect potential dangers. C. The activeness of auditory cortex determines our activity performance. D. Sound-predicting ability seems not so important for humans as for animals. 【答案】44. A 45. C 46. D 47. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了根据9月份发表在《自然》杂志上的一项新研究表明人类拥有忽视熟悉的噪音的能力，即忽视我们自己发出的噪音，文章说明了得出这一结论的实验过程，实验结果说明能够忽视自己动作的声音对人类来说很重要。 44题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第四段中This suggests that the “sensory filter” in a mouse’s brain could help it detect new sounds or abnormal noise in the environment easily after tuning out familiar sounds.（这表明，老鼠大脑中的“感觉过滤器”可以帮助它在排除熟悉的声音后，更容易地检测到环境中的新声音或异常噪音）。由此可知，老鼠的大脑对熟悉的声音反应迟钝。结合选项，故选A。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第五段中It’s almost like they were wearing special headphones that could filter (过滤) out the sound of their own movements.（这就像他们戴着特殊的耳机，可以过滤掉自己运动的声音）。由此可以推断出，这种过滤器可以识别来自大环境中的声音。结合选项，故选C。 【46题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中Being able to ignore the sounds of one’s own movements is likely important for humans as well. But the ability to predict the sounds of our own actions is also important for more complex human behaviors such as speaking or playing an instrument.（能够忽略自己动作的声音对人类来说可能也很重要。但是，预测我们自己行动的声音的能力，对于更复杂的人类行为，比如说话或演奏乐器也很重要。）由此可以推知，一个好的交响乐指挥家在一个错误的音符被演奏时，能立即识别它，因为他能够预测出每个音符在管弦乐队中应该如何演奏。结合选项，故选D。 【47题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中You’re walking down a quiet street and suddenly you hear some footsteps. Undoubtedly, it means that there’s someone around. But have you ever wondered why it occurs to us that it’s someone else’s footsteps, not ours?（你走在一条安静的街道上，突然听到一些脚步声。毫无疑问，这意味着周围有人。但你有没有想过，为什么我们会想到这是别人的脚步，而不是我们的?）由此可以判断出，如果人类有忽视熟悉噪音的能力，有助于发现潜在危险。结合选项，故选B。 【点睛】推理判断题属于主观题，是层次较高的题目。它包括判断和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了作出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。该题要求在理解表面文字的基础上，作出判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含的意思和深层的意思，也就是通过文章中的文字信息，上下逻辑关系及事物的发展变化等已知的信息，推断出作者没有直接表达的态度和观点。如本题第四小题，根据文章第一段中You’re walking down a quiet street and suddenly you hear some footsteps. Undoubtedly, it means that there’s someone around. But have you ever wondered why it occurs to us that it’s someone else’s footsteps, not ours?（你走在一条安静的街道上，突然听到一些脚步声。毫无疑问，这意味着周围有人。但你有没有想过，为什么我们会想到这是别人的脚印，而不是我们的?）由此可以判断出，如果人类有忽视熟悉噪音的能力，有助于发现潜在危险。结合选项，故选B。 Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Being invited to dinner is a big treat for Americans, but as a new comer who happens to feel sorry for American food, I find it a painful assignment. First, I cannot get used to eating sweet and salty thongs together. Second, terrible-tasting food must be praised to the skies.Third, it is not filling, you have to make yourself another meal after going home. One time, a colleague said to my husband, “My father is a good cook and invites you two to have a taste of his culinary skill this weekend.”____48____ The meal turned out to be canned chicken with vegetables and rice, which tasted funny. Following this dish was a dessert of cored apples, stuffed with plum jam and coated in sugar. Eating it made me feel like vomiting, but I had to say, “Delicious! Delicious!”____49____ Often when we were invited to dinner by Americans I felt that they were not inviting us to eat but to look at the tableware. They do not use rice bowls. At the beginning of the meal the table is set with three plates, for each person, three glasses, a knife, a fork, a big spoon and a little spoon. The big spoon is seldom used, however, for they do not drink soup but lots of cold water, so the glasses see much service.____50____ After that some strange-looking and odd-tasting little dishes are served while people eat and talk. Then comes the main course, usually a piece of chicken or steak or a slice of ham, with a few fried potatoes and some peas, or whatever, boiled to a pulp. When this is finished, dessert is served, fruit pie or ice cream, and cake, which is murder to eat,for it is tasteless. Last comes coffee or tea.American tea is a bag of tea-leaves in a cup of hot water, at which point, the dinner is considered over.____51____ The Americans talk and laugh, and we do not understand what is being said. It is really unbearably painful. That is why I find eating American meals most troublesome. A. One of the nicest things you can do is to cook a Chinese dish and take it with you. B. Then you are invited into the living room to talk for two or three hours. C. It was unspeakably painful. D. It would have been embarrassing to refuse, so we had to accept it. E. It is completely unnecessary to take a gift with you when you are invited to dinner. F. The first course is usually raw salad or fruit salad, followed by bread and butter. 【答案】48. D 49. C 50. F 51. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者被美国人邀请到家里去吃饭时所感受到的美国人的就餐习惯。 【48题详解】 空格前说“My father is a good cook and invites you two to have a taste of his culinary skill this weekend.(我爸爸是个好厨师，他邀请你们两个这个周末去尝尝他的厨艺。)”，空格后说“The meal turned out to be canned chicken with vegetables and rice, which tasted funny. Following this dish was a dessert of cored apples, stuffed with plum jam and coated in sugar.(这顿饭原来是鸡肉罐头加蔬菜和米饭，味道很奇怪。这道菜之后是一道甜点，里面是果核的苹果，里面填满了梅子果酱，再裹上一层糖。)”，因此作者会说自己接受了邀请，D选项“It would have been embarrassing to refuse, so we had to accept it.(拒绝会很尴尬，所以我们不得不接受。)”说明作者接受了邀请，因此D选项承上启下，符合语境，故选D。 【49题详解】 空格前说“Eating it made me feel like vomiting, but I had to say, “Delicious! Delicious!”(吃的时候我想吐，但我不得不说:“美味！美味！”)”，空格处应继续评价这次经历，C选项“It was unspeakably painful.(那是说不出的痛苦。)”是对上文讲的经历的评价，因此C选项承接上文，符合语境，故选C。 【50题详解】 空格后说“After that some strange-looking and odd-tasting little dishes are served while people eat and talk. Then comes the main course, usually a piece of chicken or steak or a slice of ham, with a few fried potatoes and some peas, or whatever, boiled to a pulp.(在那之后，人们边吃边聊，一些看起来奇怪、味道奇怪的小菜被端上来。然后是主菜，通常是一片鸡肉、牛排或一片火腿，再加上一些炸土豆和豌豆，或其他煮成浆的东西。)”，因此空格处应说第一道菜是什么，F选项“The first course is usually raw salad or fruit salad, followed by bread and butter.(第一道菜通常是生沙拉或水果沙拉，然后是面包和黄油。)”说明了第一道菜，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选F。 【51题详解】 空格前说“Last comes coffee or tea.American tea is a bag of tea-leaves in a cup of hot water, at which point, the dinner is considered over.(咖啡或茶放在最后。美国的茶是一袋茶叶放在一杯热水里，这时，晚餐就结束了。)”，空格后说“The Americans talk and laugh, and we do not understand what is being said.(美国人有说有笑，我们听不懂他们在说什么。)”，因此空格处应说明吃完饭以后会被邀请去聊天，B选项“Then you are invited into the living room to talk for two or three hours.(然后你被邀请到客厅里交谈两到三个小时。)”说明了吃完饭以后会被邀请去聊天，因此B选项承上启下，符合语境，故选B。 IV. Translation: Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 在这个班级里，学生的作业质量因人而异。 （vary）(汉译英) _________________________________________________________________ 【答案】In this class, the quality of students’ homework varies from person to person. 【解析】 【详解】考查名词、动词、介词短语和固定搭配。句子描述目前事实，应用一般现在时。表示“在这个班级里”应用in this class，为介词短语作地点状语；表示“学生的作业质量”应用the quality of students’ homework，为名词短语作主语，quality为不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式；表示“因人而异”应用vary from person to person，vary from...to...为固定搭配表“在……之间变化”，主语为单数概念，因此动词用第三人称单数形式varies。故翻译为In this class, the quality of students’ homework varies from person to person. 53. 在成人仪式之后，毕业生们需要学会承担责任，尊重他人。（respect n.）(汉译英) _________________________________________________________________ 【答案】After the coming-of-age ceremony, graduates need to learn to take responsibility and show respect for others. 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词、固定搭配和名词。根据句意，该句描述毕业生在成人仪式后应具备的行为素养，使用一般现在时；“在成人仪式之后”为after the coming-of-age ceremony，作时间状语；主语“毕业生们”为graduates；谓语“需要学会”译为need to learn，其中need为实义动词，后接不定式to learn；表示“承担责任”为take responsibility，表示“尊重他人”为show respect for others，与“take responsibility”为并列关系，作learn的宾语，使用and连接，根据“learn to do sth.”意为“学会”可知，此处使用不定式短语to take responsibility 和 (to) show respect for others 作宾语。故翻译为After the coming-of-age ceremony, graduates need to learn to take responsibility and show respect for others. 54. 对我来说，在正式场合做一次关于公民践行意识的演讲是一种挑战。（occasion）（汉译英） _________________________________________________________________ 【答案】For me, giving a speech on awareness of civic engagement at a formal occasion is a challenge. 【解析】 【详解】考查动名词、介词短语和固定搭配。根据句意，该句表达“做演讲”这一行为对说话者而言具有挑战性，使用一般现在时；“对我来说”译为for me，作状语置于句首，句首单词首字母需大写；表示“做演讲”为give a speech作主语，用动名词形式，表示“关于公民践行意识”为on awareness of civic engagement作定语修饰名词speech，表示“在正式场合”为at a formal occasion作状语，表示“是”为系动词is作谓语，与动名词主语一致；表语“一种挑战”为a challenge。故翻译为For me, giving a speech on awareness of civic engagement at a formal occasion is a challenge. 55. 随着返校节庆典越来越受欢迎，在校学生参与了各类主题活动，从返校节王室选举到乐队游行，应有尽有。（involve）（汉译英） _________________________________________________________________ 【答案】As Homecoming celebrations have grown increasingly popular, current students have involved themselves in a wide range of themed activities, from the Homecoming court election to the marching band parade. 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句、动词时态、和介词短语。根据句意，该句描述随着返校节庆典日益受欢迎，学生积极参与各类活动的现象，强调动作对当前的影响，使用现在完成时；“随着返校节庆典越来越受欢迎”译为as 引导的时间状语从句，表示“返校节庆典”为Homecoming celebrations作主语，表示“变得”为grow，使用现在完成时have grown作谓语，表示“越来越受欢迎”可译为increasingly popular；主句主语“在校学生”为current students；表示“参与了”使用题干指定动词involve，构成短语involve oneself in...，因主语为复数，反身代词用themselves，谓语动词使用现在完成时，所以译为have involved themselves in；表示“各类主题活动”译为a wide range of themed activities作宾语；“从返校节王室选举到乐队游行，应有尽有”为介词短语from...to...，表示“返校节王室选举”可译为 Homecoming court election 作from的宾语，表示“乐队游行”为marching band parade作介词to的宾语，所以主句译为current students have involved themselves in a wide range of themed activities, from the Homecoming court election to the marching band parade.。故翻译为As Homecoming celebrations have grown increasingly popular, current students have involved themselves in a wide range of themed activities, from the Homecoming court election to the marching band parade. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $