Unit 1 A world of cultures 阅读表达（热点题型专练）英语新教材译林版九年级下册

Unit 1 A world of cultures 阅读表达题型专练（话题：人与自我——文化世界） 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，回答问题，每题答案不超过8个单词。 The Double Ninth Festival, also named Chong Yang Festival, falls on the ninth day of the ninth month of the Chinese lunar calendar. That’s how it gets its name. This festival is celebrated for elderly people in China. People think “double ninth” sounds like the word “forever”. It is a day for the elderly to enjoy themselves and also a day for young people to show respect and love for the elders. There are two main traditions for this festival. On this day, people would like to drink chrysanthemum wine (菊花酒). Ancient people believed that chrysanthemum could drive away bad luck and prevent one from getting illness in late autumn, so drinking chrysanthemum wine became a tradition at the Double Ninth Festival. Besides, the Chinese word for “wine” is jiu. Its pronunciation is the same as that of the Chinese word for “long”. The word carries best wishes for the elderly. The festival is celebrated in autumn. The bright clear weather and the joy of harvest make it a perfect time for outdoor activities. On this day, people often go mountain climbing. When climbing, they usually wear zhuyu, which is seen as a kind of plant that can cure diseases. People climb mountains with zhuyu to wish for elders a long life. In fact, people show respect for elderly people not only on this special day but also in daily life. It has been a traditional virtue (美德) in China for centuries. What’s more, to respect the elderly today is to respect our future selves. 1．Who is the Double Ninth Festival celebrated for in China? 2．How many main traditions are there for the festival according to the text? 3．In which season is this festival celebrated? 4．Why do people climb mountains with zhuyu at this festival? 5．How do you show respect for the elderly in your daily life? 【答案】 1．It is celebrated for elderly people. 2．Two. / There are two main traditions. 3．In autumn. / The festival is celebrated in autumn. 4．To wish for elders a long life. 5．I often help them and talk with them. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了重阳节的命名由来、节日核心内涵、两大传统习俗以及登高佩戴茱萸的美好寓意，传递出中国尊老敬老的传统美德。 【详解】1．根据文章第二段第一句“This festival is celebrated for elderly people in China.”可知，在中国重阳节是为老年人庆祝的节日。 2．根据文章第三段第一句“There are two main traditions for this festival.”可知，文中提到这个节日共有两项主要传统。 3．根据文章第四段第一句“The festival is celebrated in autumn.”可知，重阳节的庆祝时节是秋季。 4．根据文章第四段最后一句“People climb mountains with zhuyu to wish for elders a long life.”可知，人们佩戴茱萸登山是为了祝愿长辈长寿。 5．开放性作答，答案不唯一，结合实际，言之有理即可。参考答案为I often help them and talk with them。 Passage 2 阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题，每小题答案不超过10个单词。 The Lantern Festival is a very important part of traditional Chinese celebrations. It falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month. On that night, people decorate their homes with colorful lanterns. They go out to admire the lights and watch traditional operas, enjoying a truly wonderful evening. The tradition of lighting lanterns at the festival has been celebrated since the Han Dynasty in China. It gradually developed into a long-standing custom. By the Tang Dynasty, this celebration became even more common. The tradition continued through the Ming Dynasty, when the festival finally became an important part of the New Year celebrations. During the Qing Dynasty, it turned into a large folk festival, celebrated by people all across the nation. People celebrate the Lantern Festival in many ways. The most popular activity is enjoying the lanterns. These beautiful lanterns come in many shapes and sizes-some are perfect circles, while others take the form of animals. You can see them everywhere. Public parks often hold impressive lantern displays, and children often carry small lanterns in the streets. There are many other fun activities during the festival. One of them is guessing the lantern riddles (谜语). Lantern owners write riddles on small notes and put them on the colorful lanterns. Then, guests try to guess the answers. If someone guesses the answer correctly, they go to the owner and usually receive a small, delightful prize. The Lantern Festival is more than just a time for fun; it shows traditional Chinese culture, the value of family togetherness, and the wish for happiness and a good life. It has been passed down for thousands of years and is deeply loved by the Chinese people. In recent years, the Lantern Festival has also been known and celebrated in many other countries. 1．Which day of the first lunar month does the Lantern Festival fall on? 2．How do people decorate their homes on the night of the Lantern Festival? 3．What did this celebration turn into during the Qing Dynasty? 4．What activities do people do to celebrate the Lantern Festival? (Give at least 2 examples.) 5．Why do people in many other countries celebrate the Lantern Festival? 【答案】 1．The fifteenth/15th day. 2．With/By using (colourful/beautiful) lanterns. 3．A large folk festival. 4．They enjoy the lanterns and guess the lantern riddles. 5．Because they are interested in traditional Chinese culture. 【导语】本文介绍中国传统节日元宵节，讲述它的时间、起源发展、各类庆祝活动以及文化内涵。 【详解】1．原文第一段“It falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month”，直接点明元宵节的时间，提取关键信息作答，注意答案不超过10个单词。 2．原文第一段“On that night, people decorate their homes with colorful lanterns”以及第三段“These beautiful lanterns come in many shapes and sizes-some are perfect circles”，说明人们装饰家的方式，精简句子，控制词数。 3．原文第二段“During the Qing Dynasty, it turned into a large folk festival, celebrated by people all across the nation”，找到清朝时这个节庆的变化，截取核心内容。 4．原文第三段“The most popular activity is enjoying the lanterns.”和第四段“One of them is guessing the lantern riddles.”，选取这两项作答，满足至少2个例子的要求。 5．原文第五段“The Lantern Festival is more than just a time for fun; it shows traditional Chinese culture, the value of family togetherness, and the wish for happiness and a good life.”，元宵节承载中国传统文化，近年被其他国家知晓庆祝，由此推断外国人庆祝是因为对中国传统文化感兴趣，属于合理推断。 Passage 3 Tanghulu, a traditional snack from northern China, is fruit covered with sugar on a stick. It’s also a necessary snack during the Chinese New Year season. Recently, in northern China, people hold the Tanghulu Fair to welcome the return of spring. Many Chinese still remember eating Tanghulu when they were young. It is said that the fair has a 500-year-old history. Nowadays, Tanghulu is not only a kind of snack, but it is also a sweet memory of our childhood. Every year, a large number of Tanghulu sellers get together to start delicious Tanghulu Competition during the Spring Festival holidays. In the past, this traditional snack only used haws (山楂), but now it also uses grapes, oranges, strawberries and so on. But people like Haw Tanghulu best. They are rich in Vitamin (维生素) C and E. Do you know how to make Haw Tanghulu? First, wash the large haws clean, dig the seeds out, and pierce (串) ten haws on a stick. Then they heat the sugar, put the sticks of haws into the heated sugar and pull them out fast. At last wait for the sugar on the haws to cool down, the Haw Tanghulu is done. Tanghulu is very popular in China, especially in Beijing. It also makes many foreigners want to taste it. We hope Tanghulu will become one of the most popular snacks in the world. It not only tastes sweet and sour, but also brings people a sense of happiness and warmth. 回答下面5个问题，每题答案不超过6个词。 1．Where is Tanghulu from? 2．Why do people hold the Tanghulu Fair? 3．How often do Tanghulu sellers hold a delicious Tanghulu Competition? 4．How many steps does it take to make the Haw Tanghulu? 5．What do you think of Tanghulu? 【答案】 1．Northern China. / From Northern China. / It’s from Northern China. 2．To welcome the return of spring. 3．Once a year. / Every year. 4．Three. /Three steps. / It takes three steps. 5．Delicious. / Sweet. / Tasty. / A sweet memory. / I like it very much.（言之有理即可） 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国北方传统小吃糖葫芦的相关内容，包含它的食用场景、发展历史、制作方法、受欢迎程度以及发展愿景。 【详解】1．文章首句点明“Tanghulu, a traditional snack from northern China.”，能直接得出糖葫芦产自中国北方。 2．第一段末尾提到“people hold the Tanghulu Fair to welcome the return of spring.”，可知举办糖葫芦庙会的目的是迎接春天归来。 3．第二段写明“Every year, a large number of Tanghulu sellers get together to start delicious Tanghulu Competition”，可知糖葫芦卖家每年举办一次该比赛。 4．第三段提到“First, wash the large haws clean...Then they heat the sugar, put the sticks...At last wait for the sugar on the haws to cool down, the Haw Tanghulu is done.”，清晰划分了制作山楂糖葫芦的三步工序，因此一共需要三步。 5．开放性作答，答案不唯一。结合文章主题“糖葫芦的口感与童年回忆”，可围绕糖葫芦的口味、情感回忆等角度合理作答即可。 Passage 4 根据短文内容，回答问题(每小题答案不超过8个单词)。 Many people may throw away the pits (核) after eating fruits, but artists of nut carving (核雕) have instead collected them and turned them into artworks. “One pit, from 0.8 to 6 centimetres, can be made into beautiful earrings and other artworks,” said Tan Wanhai, the top artist of Weifang nut carving. The history of nut carving might start from the Qing Dynasty. During that time, Wang Dayan, the best artist in the Palace Museum, spread the skill to the local people in Shandong Province. Because of its difficult carving skills and rich artistic meanings, Weifang nut carving was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) in 2008. “It’s hard to bring this kind of traditional art to life,” said Tan, the 48-year-old artist. “Every pit looks different before being carved,” Tan added. Artists have to study each pit to carefully plan out their artwork. Besides, according to Tan, they have to learn about some skills in painting and handwriting art from many traditional cultures. “To show folk stories from ancient times, I need to read many books to enrich myself.” “Artists in the past were wise enough to turn common things into objects of beauty. In recent years, thanks to the creative ideas of artists in Weifang, nut carving artworks have been increasingly welcomed by people in China,” Tan said. “This popularity, in turn, has also attracted many young people to learn the traditional skills of nut carving, create new skills and even help to pass down the skills to future artists.” 1．What is Tan Wanhai? 2．What is special about Weifang nut carving as a national intangible cultural heritage? 3．Is it enough for artists of nut carving only to study each pit and design their artwork carefully according to Tan Wanhai? 4．Why does Tan Wanhai read many books to enrich himself? 5．What does the writer want to tell us from the last paragraph? 【答案】 1．The top artist of Weifang nut carving. 2．Its difficult carving skills and rich artistic meanings. 3．No, it isn't. 4．To show folk stories from ancient times. 5．Young people learn and pass down the skills. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了潍坊核雕艺术家谭万海、核雕的历史、技艺难点以及近年来核雕艺术受到欢迎并吸引年轻人传承的情况。 【详解】1．根据第二段中“Tan Wanhai, the top artist of Weifang nut carving.”可知，谭万海的身份是潍坊核雕的顶级艺术家。 2．根据第三段中“Because of its difficult carving skills and rich artistic meanings”可知，潍坊核雕作为非物质文化遗产的特殊之处在于其技艺难度大且艺术内涵丰富。 3．根据第四段中“Besides, according to Tan, they have to learn about some skills in painting and handwriting art”可知，仅研究果核和设计是不够的，还需要其他技能。故作否定回答。 4．根据第四段中“To show folk stories from ancient times, I need to read many books”可知，谭万海读书是为了展示古代民间故事。 5．根据第五段中“attracted many young people to learn the traditional skills... help to pass down the skills”可知，作者想告诉我们年轻人正在学习并传承这项技艺。 Passage 5 阅读并回答问题。 Do you know the greatest history book in ancient China? It is called Records of the Grand Historian, or Shiji in Chinese. Written by the historian Sima Qian about 2,100 years ago, this book changed how Chinese people wrote and learned about history. Sima Qian lived in the Western Han Dynasty. His father was the Grand Historian and taught Sima Qian to love history. When his father died, Sima Qian took over his job. Later, he had a serious disagreement with Emperor Wu and was punished. But he never gave up. He worked hard for about 10 years to finish Shiji. Shiji is very special. It is China’s first biographical general history. It tells stories from the legendary Yellow Emperor to Emperor Wu’s time — covering more than 3,000 years of history! The book has 130 chapters divided into five parts: Basic Annals (emperors’ stories), Hereditary Houses (noble families), Biographies (famous people’s lives), Tables (timelines), and Treatises (rules, music, and science). Shiji records not only great achievements but also the rise and fall of dynasties. By reading it, people can learn from past successes and failures. Many famous figures appear in the book, like Qin Shi Huang (the first emperor) and Zhang Qian (who opened trade routes). It teaches us about loyalty, bravery, and wisdom. It also set a model for all later Chinese history books. Today, people still read and study Shiji. It is a treasure of Chinese culture. 根据短文内容回答下列问题。(每题答案不超过6个单词) 1．What’s the English name of the book Shiji? 2．How long did it take Sima Qian to finish Shiji? 3．What’s special about Shiji? 4．What does Shiji teach us about? 5．According to the passage, what can you learn from the writer Sima Qian? 【答案】 1．Records of the Grand Historian. 2．About 10 years. 3．It’s China’s first biographical general history./China’s first biographical general history. 4．Loyalty, bravery, and wisdom. 5．Never give up/Keep working hard. 【导语】本文讲述了司马迁耗时约十年编写的《史记》是中国第一部纪传体通史，记录了三千多年历史，至今仍是中华文化瑰宝。 【详解】1．文章第一自然段“It is called Records of the Grand Historian, or Shiji in Chinese.” 明确指出了《史记》的英文名称“Records of the Grand Historian”，注意首字母大写。 2．文章第二自然段“He worked hard for about 10 years to finish Shiji. ”指出了司马迁写《史记》花了大约十年。这是文中的具体时间信息，可直接提取答案“About 10 years”。 3．文章第三段“Shiji is very special. It is China’s first biographical general history.”直接给出核心特点“It’s China’s first biographical general history.”，注意答案控制在6个单词内，也可简化为“China’s first biographical general history.”。 4．文章第四段“It teaches us about loyalty, bravery, and wisdom.”列出三个核心品质“Loyalty, bravery, and wisdom”。 5．文章第二段“Later, he had a serious disagreement with Emperor Wu and was punished. But he never gave up. He worked hard for about 10 years to finish Shiji.”可知他受惩罚仍不放弃，坚持完成著作，核心品质是“Never give up”或“Keep working hard”，两个答案均不超过6个单词，且贴合原文精神。 Passage 6 根据短文内容，回答问题（每小题答案不超过8个单词）。 Believed to be the source (来源) of all life, water has flowed with Chinese culture for thousands of years. It influences not only the origins (起源) of Chinese civilization (中国文明) but also many wise ideas in Chinese philosophy (哲学). Chinese civilization is one of the world’s ancient river civilizations.It began thousands of years ago along the Yellow and Yangtze rivers, linking (联系) the culture to water from its beginning. However, the way people and water get along has two sides. Water is highly important for life and growing things, but if we can’t control it, it can cause big problems. Knowing the strong power of water, Chinese people have always tried to use it in the best way possible. For example, the Dujiangyan irrigation (灌溉) system in Sichuan was cleverly built, using the natural features (特征) of the area without harming the environment. Water is also given philosophical meanings to educate Chinese people and rule the country. According to Xunzi (《荀子》), Confucius often thought about water, believing it had qualities, such as justice (公平) and courage. He once said that, “He who is wise loves water; he who is virtuous loves mountains (智者乐水，仁者乐山).” Therefore, Confucianism (儒家思想) suggests that people should learn from water to train their sense of morality (培养道德感). Inspired (激励) by water, Laozi gave birth to the idea of “overcoming hardness with softness (以柔克刚) and non-action (无为)”. These ideas later continued inspiring rulers to follow the nature’s laws and respect the people. Ancient Chinese philosopher Xunzi compared a ruler and his people to a boat and water, saying “Water can carry a boat but can also overturn (打翻) it.” “Being the most important element (元素) in daily life, water is the root metaphor (根隐喻) in Chinese culture that builds the Chinese civilization,” reported Medium website. 1．Where did Chinese civilization begin thousands of years ago? 2．How was the Dujiangyan irrigation system in Sichuan cleverly built? 3．What does Confucianism advise people to do? 4．Did ancient Chinese philosopher Xunzi compare his people to a boat? 5．What does the writer want to tell us by the underlined words according to the passage? 【答案】 1．Along the Yellow and Yangtze rivers. 2．By using natural features without harming the environment. 3．Learn from water to train morality. 4．No, he compared them to water. 5．Water builds Chinese civilization and culture. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了水在中国文化中的重要地位。 【详解】1．根据文章第二段“It began thousands of years ago along the Yellow and Yangtze rivers”可推知，中国文明起源于黄河和长江沿岸，提取答案即可。 2．根据文章第三段“using the natural features of the area without harming the environment”可推知，都江堰灌溉系统是利用自然特征且不损害环境建造的，提取答案即可。 3．根据文章第四段“Confucianism suggests that people should learn from water to train their sense of morality”可推知，儒家建议人们向水学习培养道德，提取答案即可。 4．根据文章第五段“Xunzi compared a ruler and his people to a boat and water... Water can carry a boat”可推知，人民被比作水而非船，提取答案即可。 5．根据文章第六段“water is the root metaphor in Chinese culture that builds the Chinese civilization”可推知，作者想告诉我们水构建了中国文明和文化，提取答案即可。 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 Jin Ying, 25, is a lover of TCM—Traditional Chinese Medicine (中医). In the winter of 2023, she took part in a related training course at Beijing University of Chinese Medicine. Jin’s life has been different since the training. After learning the Five Elements theory (五行学说), she changed her life habits. For example, she avoided sweating (流汗) too much during exercise in winter as the cold of winter means people should slow down, according to TCM. For her, learning these skills and theories was not about becoming a TCM doctor but rather about embracing (拥抱) a new lifestyle. She is not an unusual example of young people becoming interested in TCM. A survey by China Youth Daily showed that 93.3 percent of the 1,000 young people who took part had tried different TCM treatments. “I have seen a rising number of young people come to me for neck and back pains, which are usually related to the elderly,” said Ma Huifang, a TCM doctor. Between Western medicine and TCM, young people often choose TCM because it is effective (有效的), according to Ma. Some people question why TCM treats the same illnesses with different prescriptions (处方). “This is actually an advantage of TCM, rather than a bad thing, as it gives more accurate treatment (精准的治疗) for different patients,” Ma explained. Younger age groups are embracing TCM, and, at the same time, TCM is also benefiting young people. As Jin noted, “It helps young people understand Chinese medicine and learn why it is believed to be a treasure of our Chinese culture.” 1．When did Jin Ying take part in a related training course? 2．What did Jin Ying do after learning the Five Elements Theory? 3．Between Western medicine and TCM, why do young people often choose TCM? 4．Would you like to learn TCM in the future? Why? 【答案】 1．In the winter of 2023. 2．She changed her life habits. 3．Because it’s effective. 4．开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案为：Yes, I would like to learn TCM in the future because I think learning TCM can help me understand and appreciate our Chinese culture more. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了年轻人对中医的兴趣日益浓厚，他们不仅将中医视为一种有效的治疗方式，还将其融入日常生活，视为一种新的生活方式。 【详解】1．根据第一段“In the winter of 2023, she took part in a related training course at Beijing University of Chinese Medicine.”可知，2023年冬季，她参加了北京中医药大学的相关培训课程。故填In the winter of 2023. 2．根据第二段“After learning the Five Elements theory, she changed her life habits.”可知，在学习了五行学说之后，她改变了自己的生活习惯。故填She changed her life habits. 3．根据第五段“Between Western medicine and TCM, young people often choose TCM because it is effective, according to Ma.”可知，在西医和中医之间，年轻人往往选择中医，因为它是有效的。故填Because it’s effective. 4．开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案为：Yes, I would like to learn TCM in the future because I think learning TCM can help me understand and appreciate our Chinese culture more. Passage 2 In China, writing brushes, ink sticks, paper and ink stones are called the Four Treasures of Study. Among the high-quality treasures, the writing brush produced in Huzhou, the ink stick produced in Huizhou, the xuan paper made in Xuancheng and the ink stone made in Duanxi are the best-known. The writing brushes can be used to draw the pictures on painted pottery(陶器). They are mainly made of the hair of animals. Those made of wool are called yanghao and those made of the weasel’s(鼬) tail hair are called langhao. Their artistic effects in writing and painting cannot be copied by any other pens. The ink stick is the pigment(颜料) used in writing and painting. The ink stick produced in Huizhou is of high quality. A story goes like this: Two famous skilled men Xi Chao and his son produced a kind of high-quality ink stick. As a result, the Emperor Li Yu in the Southern Tang dynasty agreed to give them the family name “Li”. From then on, the fame of the Li Ink Stick was widespread. In the Song dynasty, its producing area was changed into Huizhou, and it was then called the Hui Ink Stick. Paper is among the four great inventions in ancient China. The famous xuan paper appeared in the Sui and Tang dynasties. In Xuanzhou, Anhui Province where the xuan paper is produced, it’s said that Cai Lun’s pupil Kong Dan took the job of producing paper but failed to make perfect white paper. Later he happened to see the ebony(黑檀木) in the rivers. It was wet with the water and turned white. Then he used the bark(树皮) to produce the world-famous xuan paper. The ink stone was already very popular in the Han dynasty. The Ming and Qing dynasties saw the appearance of the Four Famous Ink Stones—Duan Ink Stone, She Ink Stone, Tao Ink Stone and Chengni Ink Stone. They can not only be used in writing and painting but also for admiration. 1．What are the writing brushes mainly made of? 2．Why did Xi Chao and his son get the family name from the Emperor Li Yu? 3．How did Kong Dan find the way to make the famous xuan paper by accident? 4．When did the Four Famous Ink Stone appear? 5．What can you do to pass on(传递，把……传下去) the Four Treasures of Study? 【答案】 1．They are mainly made of the hair of animals. 2．Because Xi Chao and his son produced a kind of high-quality ink stick. 3．He happened to see the ebony in the rivers and used the bark to produce the world-famous xuan paper. 4．They appeared in the Ming and Qing dynasties. 5．本题属于开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案：I can learn more knowledge about the Four Treasures of Study and share with my classmates, friends even foreigners. 【导语】本文介绍笔墨纸砚这文房四宝各自的用途、产地以及背后的历史。 【详解】1．根据短文第二段“They are mainly made of the hair of animals.”可知，毛笔主要是用动物的毛制成的。故答案为They are mainly made of the hair of animals. 2．根据短文第三段“Two famous skilled men Xi Chao and his son produced a kind of high-quality ink stick. As a result, the Emperor Li Yu in the Southern Tang dynasty agreed to give them the family name ‘Li’.”可知，奚超父子制出了质量非常高的墨，南唐皇帝李煜赏赐了他们家国姓“李”。故答案为Because Xi Chao and his son produced a kind of high-quality ink stick. 3．根据短文第四段“Later he happened to see the ebony(黑檀木) in the rivers. It was wet with the water and turned white. Then he used the bark(树皮) to produce the world-famous xuan paper.”可知，蔡伦的学生孔丹偶然看到了水中的檀木，被水弄湿，变成了白色，因此他就用树皮生产出了著名的宣纸。故答案为He happened to see the ebony in the rivers and used the bark to produce the world-famous xuan paper. 4．根据短文最后一段“The Ming and Qing dynasties saw the appearance of the Four Famous Ink Stones—Duan Ink Stone, She Ink Stone, Tao Ink Stone and Chengni Ink Stone.”可知，四种著名的砚台——端砚、歙砚、洮砚和澄泥砚出现在明清时期。故答案为They appeared in the Ming and Qing dynasties. 5．本题属于开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案：I can learn more knowledge about the Four Treasures of Study and share with my classmates, friends even foreigners. Passage 3 Joining a short-term research program in China has not only allowed Pakistani agricultural scientist Sayyar Khan to push forward with his academic studies, but also given him a chance to see a country he had heard so much about. Khan is now doing a one-year research program at the Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences. The program is sponsored by the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology and many young talented scientists who come from collaborating countries, such as Pakistan, are given opportunities to work in China. Although this is his first visit to China, Khan says he is well-informed of the long friendship between China and Pakistan. He is impressed most by the cooperation (合作) in education between China and Pakistan. especially since the start-up of the Belt and Road Initiative (“一带一路”建设) in 2013. “Many students from my university and my city have visited China and completed their higher education here. ” he says, adding that he has met with many of them. “I hear news about China on television and read about it in print media, so I know of the rapid development of China in recent decades. ” Khan says the Belt and Road Initiative will have a very positive effect on the world. “I hope that I can stay in China to participate in such cooperation projects. ” he says. Khan says life in Beijing is much easier than he’d expected, thanks to the convenient（便利的）public transportation and restaurants offering food for Muslims（穆斯林）. This encouraged him to bring his family to live with him a couple of months ago. He says that language is the only challenge for them so far. However, he finds no problem talking with his Chinese colleagues, many of whom speak good English. He also enjoys the relaxing working environment and has a very good relationship with his co-workers. 1．What is Sayyar Khan? 2．What impresses Khan most? 3．How does Khan know of the rapid development of China according to what he says? 4．Why does Khan say life in Beijing is much easier than he’d expected? 5．What do you plan to do for the Belt and Road Initiative? (请自拟一句话作答) 【答案】 1．He is an agricultural scientist. 2．The cooperation in education between China and Pakistan. 3．He hears news on television and reads in print media. 4．Because of the convenient public transportation and restaurants offering food for Muslims. 5．（略）（答案不唯一） 【分析】这篇短文主要讲述一个叫Khan加入中国的一个短期研究项目——中巴教育合作，他非常喜欢中国和中国的这个项目。 【详解】1．根据文中Joining a short-term research program in China has not only allowed Pakistani agricultural scientist Sayyar Khan to push forward with his academic studies, but also given him a chance to see a country he had heard so much about. 可知，Sayyar Khan是农业科学家。故填He is an agricultural scientist. 2．根据文中He is impressed most by the cooperation (合作) in education between China and Pakistan.可知，中巴教育合作。故填The cooperation in education between China and Pakistan. 3．根据文中“I hear news about China on television and read about it in print media, so I know of the rapid development of China in recent decades. ”可知，他在电视上听到新闻，在印刷媒体上阅读。故填He hears news on television and reads in print media. 4．根据文中Khan says life in Beijing is much easier than he’d expected, thanks to the convenient（便利的）public transportation and restaurants offering food for Muslims（穆斯林）.可知，因为公共交通便利，餐馆为穆斯林提供食物。故填Because of the convenient public transportation and restaurants offering food for Muslims. 5．通读整篇短文可知，我们作为中学生应该为“一带一路”我们应该努力学习，争取将来为祖国做贡献。故填We should study hard and strive to contribute to our motherland in the future. Passage 4 A new culture reality show (真人秀), Mystery of China, tells the stories of six cultural treasures. The show not only visited archaeology sites (考古遗址), but also invited culture experts to help people have a better and deeper understanding of these cultural treasures. According to Li Zhenya, the show’s producer, “who we are and where we come from” are key questions on the way to“find our genes (基因), “We hope to record the valuable. moments of every treasure. That is our purpose behind the show.” said Li. The show visited some of China’s most well-known cultural sites, like the Mogao Grottoes and the Emperor Qin Shi Huan’s Mausoleum Site Museum. How to introduce these treasures in the best way was something that the production team had trouble with. “Chinese history is so long that if we follow time order, then we would have to start with the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties or even earlier. That is not the way we learn history. Acollection of thousands of objects for the royal family (皇室) of the Tang Dynasty was found in1970 in a small village in North-west China’s Shanxi Province. Who hid it underground and why did they do so? There are so many questions to be answered,” Li said. “Telling these stories Behind the cultural treasures is something we hope to do, and then people can discover more about these shining cultural symbols.” Li added. 1．How did the show help people have a better and deeper understanding of cultural treasures? 2．Why did Li Zhenya start this show? 3．Would you like to watch the show if you have a chance? Why or why not? 【答案】 1．The show helped people have a better and deeper understanding of cultural treasures by visiting archaeology sites and inviting culture experts. 2．Because Li Zhenya hoped to record the valuable moments of every treasure. 3．示例答案1（想观看）：Yes, I’d like to. Because I’m really interested in cultural treasures, and watching the show can help me learn more about our rich cultural heritage. 示例答案2（不想观看）：No, I wouldn’t. Because I’m not very interested in cultural relics - related content, and I prefer other types of shows that are more relaxing and entertaining. 【导语】本文介绍了一档新的文化真人秀节目《神秘中国》，该节目讲述六件文化瑰宝的故事，通过走访考古遗址、邀请文化专家，助力观众更好、更深入地了解文化瑰宝。节目制片人李振亚阐述了节目创办目的是记录文化瑰宝的珍贵时刻，讲述瑰宝背后故事，让人们更多地了解这些文化象征。 【详解】1．根据“The show not only visited archaeology sites, but also invited culture experts to help people have a better and deeper understanding of these cultural treasures.” 可知，节目通过走访考古遗址和邀请文化专家这两种方式，帮助人们更好、更深入了解文化瑰宝。故填The show helped people have a better and deeper understanding of cultural treasures by visiting archaeology sites and inviting culture experts. 2．根据“‘We hope to record the valuable moments of every treasure. That is our purpose behind the show.’ said Li.”可知，创办节目的目的是记录每一件文化瑰宝的珍贵时刻。故填Because Li Zhenya hoped to record the valuable moments of every treasure. 3．本题答案不唯一，合理正确即可。故填示例答案1（想观看）：Yes, I’d like to. Because I’m really interested in cultural treasures, and watching the show can help me learn more about our rich cultural heritage. 示例答案2（不想观看）：No, I wouldn’t. Because I’m not very interested in cultural relics-related content, and I prefer other types of shows that are more relaxing and entertaining. Passage 5 阅读与回答问题 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。 You may have seen a barista (咖啡师) pour milk foam (奶泡) into a coffee, then you can see a beautiful pattern (图案). But have you seen the art in a cup of tea?     Dian cha is a tea at from the Song Dynasty. The art begins with pouring water over fine powdered (粉状的) tea, creating a paste (糊) and then adding more hot water, whisking (搅动) it by hand with a bamboo whisk. It is believed that the art later spread to other parts of East Asia, including Japan. In 2019, it was listed as an intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) of Runzhou district Zhenjiang city, Jiangsu province.     The Shanghai designer Han Zhemin has been interested in dian cha since childhood. “My mother loves traditional culture and I have been influenced,” said Han. After he graduated from the China Academy of Art in Zhejiang province in 2006, Han tried his best to reviving (复兴) the art form.     He said during the process of dian cha, the froth (泡沫) tried his best to paper while the tea paste is like ink. But “drawing” on the tea foam is not easy. “Traditional paintings is about the soft brush against the hard paper, but the tea is about the hard teaspoon and the soft froth.” Han said.     Creating patterns on the tea foam is careful but quick work. Usually, the whole process has to be completed within 10 minutes. The ideal state is when the tea’s temperature is around 40℃ and ready for the palate (味觉). “Usually, it takes a year of practice for one to be able to do it,” Han added.     To spread dian cha culture, Han put the process of tea whisking and drawing on social media platforms, including Xiaohongshu, Bilibili and Douyin, attracting more than 20, 000 followers. When taking about tea art Han said we should increase the beauty rather than change the essence (本质) of tea. “I want more people to understand the processes and reasons of tea making,” he explained. 1．When was dian cha listed as an intangible cultural heritage? 2．Why has Han Zhemin shown interest in dian cha? 3．What is difficult for Han Zhemin during the process of dian cha? 4．Why did Han Zhemin share the process of dian cha on social media platforms? 5．How can you spread tea art? 【答案】 1．In 2019. 2．Because his mother loves traditional culture and he has been influenced. 3．“Drawing” on the tea foam. 4．To spread dian cha culture. 5．We can learn more about it and share on social media platforms. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了宋代茶艺——点茶的传承及发扬。 【详解】1．根据“In 2019, it was listed as an intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) of Runzhou district Zhenjiang city”可知，2019年被列为非物质文化遗产。故填In 2019. 2．根据“My mother loves traditional culture and I have been influenced”可知，他母亲热爱传统文化，他也受到了影响。故填Because his mother loves traditional culture and he has been influenced. 3．根据“But “drawing” on the tea foam is not easy”可知，在茶泡沫上面“画画”不容易。故填“Drawing” on the tea foam. 4．根据“I want more people to understand the processes and reasons of tea making”可知，他想传播点茶文化。故填To spread dian cha culture. 5．开放性试题，无标准答案，言之有理即可。故参考答案为：We can learn more about it and share on social media platforms. Passage 6 Many Westerners have the assumption (假设) that everyone in China knows how to do kung fu. This is, of course, a silly belief. But it is true that kung fu is a big part of Chinese culture.                                                   Like most people from the West, I was first introduced to kung fu through Hong Kong action films. Stars like Bruce Lee and Jackie Chan made kung fu popular in the Western world. The flashy (炫酷的) and impressive performances they gave in films like Rumble In The Bronx (Chan) and Enter The Dragon (Lee) made them household names in the US and elsewhere. However, my own personal interest in kung fu was actually inspired by a hip-hop group. Wu-Tang Clan (“武当派”), founded in the early 1990s in New York City, is one of the most influential (有影响力的) hip-hop groups in history. I myself do not practice kung fu. However, the concepts (哲学理念) behind it are quite interesting to me. There is a Bruce Lee quote that I often think of when I’m struggling with challenges in life. “Be formless … shapeless, like water,” he once said. By this, he meant that you should be ready to adapt (调整) and change your attitudes or beliefs when you face difficulties. I think this is a good way to deal with life. 回答下面5个问题, 每题答案不超过5个词。 1．How were most Western people first introduced to kung fu? 2．How many films are mentioned in this article? 3．Who inspired my interest in kung fu? 4．When does the writer often think of Bruce Lee? 5．When was Wu-Tang Clan founded? 【答案】 1．Through Hong Kong action films. 2．Two./2. 3．A hip-hop group. 4．When struggling with challenges. 5．In the early 1990s. 【分析】文章大意：中国功夫对西方人有很大的影响。本文作者受一支嘻哈乐队的影响，对中国功夫产生了浓厚的兴趣，而中国功夫背后蕴含的一些观念帮助作者战胜了生活中的很多困难。 【详解】1．根据“Like most people from the West, I was first introduced to kung fu through Hong Kong action films.”可知，大多数西方人第一次接触功夫是通过香港的动作片，故填Through Hong Kong action films. 2．根据“The flashy (炫酷的) and impressive performances they gave in films like Rumble In The Bronx (Chan) and Enter The Dragon (Lee) made them household names in the US and elsewhere”可知，本文共提到了两部电影，分别是《红番区》和《龙争虎斗》，故填Two./2. 3．根据“However, my own personal interest in kung fu was actually inspired by a hip-hop group”可知，作者是受一支嘻哈乐队的影响对中国功夫感兴趣，故填A hip-hop group. 4．根据“There is a Bruce Lee quote that I often think of when I’m struggling with challenges in life”可知，当作者面对生活中的挑战时，经常想起李小龙的一句话，故填When struggling with challenges. 5．根据“Wu-Tang Clan (“武当派”), founded in the early 1990s in New York City”可知，武当派在20世纪90年代初成立，故填In the early 1990s. 试卷第20页（共20页） 试卷第3页（共20页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 A world of cultures 阅读表达题型专练（话题：人与自我——文化世界） 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，回答问题，每题答案不超过8个单词。 The Double Ninth Festival, also named Chong Yang Festival, falls on the ninth day of the ninth month of the Chinese lunar calendar. That’s how it gets its name. This festival is celebrated for elderly people in China. People think “double ninth” sounds like the word “forever”. It is a day for the elderly to enjoy themselves and also a day for young people to show respect and love for the elders. There are two main traditions for this festival. On this day, people would like to drink chrysanthemum wine (菊花酒). Ancient people believed that chrysanthemum could drive away bad luck and prevent one from getting illness in late autumn, so drinking chrysanthemum wine became a tradition at the Double Ninth Festival. Besides, the Chinese word for “wine” is jiu. Its pronunciation is the same as that of the Chinese word for “long”. The word carries best wishes for the elderly. The festival is celebrated in autumn. The bright clear weather and the joy of harvest make it a perfect time for outdoor activities. On this day, people often go mountain climbing. When climbing, they usually wear zhuyu, which is seen as a kind of plant that can cure diseases. People climb mountains with zhuyu to wish for elders a long life. In fact, people show respect for elderly people not only on this special day but also in daily life. It has been a traditional virtue (美德) in China for centuries. What’s more, to respect the elderly today is to respect our future selves. 1．Who is the Double Ninth Festival celebrated for in China? 2．How many main traditions are there for the festival according to the text? 3．In which season is this festival celebrated? 4．Why do people climb mountains with zhuyu at this festival? 5．How do you show respect for the elderly in your daily life? Passage 2 阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题，每小题答案不超过10个单词。 The Lantern Festival is a very important part of traditional Chinese celebrations. It falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month. On that night, people decorate their homes with colorful lanterns. They go out to admire the lights and watch traditional operas, enjoying a truly wonderful evening. The tradition of lighting lanterns at the festival has been celebrated since the Han Dynasty in China. It gradually developed into a long-standing custom. By the Tang Dynasty, this celebration became even more common. The tradition continued through the Ming Dynasty, when the festival finally became an important part of the New Year celebrations. During the Qing Dynasty, it turned into a large folk festival, celebrated by people all across the nation. People celebrate the Lantern Festival in many ways. The most popular activity is enjoying the lanterns. These beautiful lanterns come in many shapes and sizes-some are perfect circles, while others take the form of animals. You can see them everywhere. Public parks often hold impressive lantern displays, and children often carry small lanterns in the streets. There are many other fun activities during the festival. One of them is guessing the lantern riddles (谜语). Lantern owners write riddles on small notes and put them on the colorful lanterns. Then, guests try to guess the answers. If someone guesses the answer correctly, they go to the owner and usually receive a small, delightful prize. The Lantern Festival is more than just a time for fun; it shows traditional Chinese culture, the value of family togetherness, and the wish for happiness and a good life. It has been passed down for thousands of years and is deeply loved by the Chinese people. In recent years, the Lantern Festival has also been known and celebrated in many other countries. 1．Which day of the first lunar month does the Lantern Festival fall on? 2．How do people decorate their homes on the night of the Lantern Festival? 3．What did this celebration turn into during the Qing Dynasty? 4．What activities do people do to celebrate the Lantern Festival? (Give at least 2 examples.) 5．Why do people in many other countries celebrate the Lantern Festival? Passage 3 Tanghulu, a traditional snack from northern China, is fruit covered with sugar on a stick. It’s also a necessary snack during the Chinese New Year season. Recently, in northern China, people hold the Tanghulu Fair to welcome the return of spring. Many Chinese still remember eating Tanghulu when they were young. It is said that the fair has a 500-year-old history. Nowadays, Tanghulu is not only a kind of snack, but it is also a sweet memory of our childhood. Every year, a large number of Tanghulu sellers get together to start delicious Tanghulu Competition during the Spring Festival holidays. In the past, this traditional snack only used haws (山楂), but now it also uses grapes, oranges, strawberries and so on. But people like Haw Tanghulu best. They are rich in Vitamin (维生素) C and E. Do you know how to make Haw Tanghulu? First, wash the large haws clean, dig the seeds out, and pierce (串) ten haws on a stick. Then they heat the sugar, put the sticks of haws into the heated sugar and pull them out fast. At last wait for the sugar on the haws to cool down, the Haw Tanghulu is done. Tanghulu is very popular in China, especially in Beijing. It also makes many foreigners want to taste it. We hope Tanghulu will become one of the most popular snacks in the world. It not only tastes sweet and sour, but also brings people a sense of happiness and warmth. 回答下面5个问题，每题答案不超过6个词。 1．Where is Tanghulu from? 2．Why do people hold the Tanghulu Fair? 3．How often do Tanghulu sellers hold a delicious Tanghulu Competition? 4．How many steps does it take to make the Haw Tanghulu? 5．What do you think of Tanghulu? Passage 4 根据短文内容，回答问题(每小题答案不超过8个单词)。 Many people may throw away the pits (核) after eating fruits, but artists of nut carving (核雕) have instead collected them and turned them into artworks. “One pit, from 0.8 to 6 centimetres, can be made into beautiful earrings and other artworks,” said Tan Wanhai, the top artist of Weifang nut carving. The history of nut carving might start from the Qing Dynasty. During that time, Wang Dayan, the best artist in the Palace Museum, spread the skill to the local people in Shandong Province. Because of its difficult carving skills and rich artistic meanings, Weifang nut carving was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) in 2008. “It’s hard to bring this kind of traditional art to life,” said Tan, the 48-year-old artist. “Every pit looks different before being carved,” Tan added. Artists have to study each pit to carefully plan out their artwork. Besides, according to Tan, they have to learn about some skills in painting and handwriting art from many traditional cultures. “To show folk stories from ancient times, I need to read many books to enrich myself.” “Artists in the past were wise enough to turn common things into objects of beauty. In recent years, thanks to the creative ideas of artists in Weifang, nut carving artworks have been increasingly welcomed by people in China,” Tan said. “This popularity, in turn, has also attracted many young people to learn the traditional skills of nut carving, create new skills and even help to pass down the skills to future artists.” 1．What is Tan Wanhai? 2．What is special about Weifang nut carving as a national intangible cultural heritage? 3．Is it enough for artists of nut carving only to study each pit and design their artwork carefully according to Tan Wanhai? 4．Why does Tan Wanhai read many books to enrich himself? 5．What does the writer want to tell us from the last paragraph? Passage 5 阅读并回答问题。 Do you know the greatest history book in ancient China? It is called Records of the Grand Historian, or Shiji in Chinese. Written by the historian Sima Qian about 2,100 years ago, this book changed how Chinese people wrote and learned about history. Sima Qian lived in the Western Han Dynasty. His father was the Grand Historian and taught Sima Qian to love history. When his father died, Sima Qian took over his job. Later, he had a serious disagreement with Emperor Wu and was punished. But he never gave up. He worked hard for about 10 years to finish Shiji. Shiji is very special. It is China’s first biographical general history. It tells stories from the legendary Yellow Emperor to Emperor Wu’s time — covering more than 3,000 years of history! The book has 130 chapters divided into five parts: Basic Annals (emperors’ stories), Hereditary Houses (noble families), Biographies (famous people’s lives), Tables (timelines), and Treatises (rules, music, and science). Shiji records not only great achievements but also the rise and fall of dynasties. By reading it, people can learn from past successes and failures. Many famous figures appear in the book, like Qin Shi Huang (the first emperor) and Zhang Qian (who opened trade routes). It teaches us about loyalty, bravery, and wisdom. It also set a model for all later Chinese history books. Today, people still read and study Shiji. It is a treasure of Chinese culture. 根据短文内容回答下列问题。(每题答案不超过6个单词) 1．What’s the English name of the book Shiji? 2．How long did it take Sima Qian to finish Shiji? 3．What’s special about Shiji? 4．What does Shiji teach us about? 5．According to the passage, what can you learn from the writer Sima Qian? Passage 6 根据短文内容，回答问题（每小题答案不超过8个单词）。 Believed to be the source (来源) of all life, water has flowed with Chinese culture for thousands of years. It influences not only the origins (起源) of Chinese civilization (中国文明) but also many wise ideas in Chinese philosophy (哲学). Chinese civilization is one of the world’s ancient river civilizations.It began thousands of years ago along the Yellow and Yangtze rivers, linking (联系) the culture to water from its beginning. However, the way people and water get along has two sides. Water is highly important for life and growing things, but if we can’t control it, it can cause big problems. Knowing the strong power of water, Chinese people have always tried to use it in the best way possible. For example, the Dujiangyan irrigation (灌溉) system in Sichuan was cleverly built, using the natural features (特征) of the area without harming the environment. Water is also given philosophical meanings to educate Chinese people and rule the country. According to Xunzi (《荀子》), Confucius often thought about water, believing it had qualities, such as justice (公平) and courage. He once said that, “He who is wise loves water; he who is virtuous loves mountains (智者乐水，仁者乐山).” Therefore, Confucianism (儒家思想) suggests that people should learn from water to train their sense of morality (培养道德感). Inspired (激励) by water, Laozi gave birth to the idea of “overcoming hardness with softness (以柔克刚) and non-action (无为)”. These ideas later continued inspiring rulers to follow the nature’s laws and respect the people. Ancient Chinese philosopher Xunzi compared a ruler and his people to a boat and water, saying “Water can carry a boat but can also overturn (打翻) it.” “Being the most important element (元素) in daily life, water is the root metaphor (根隐喻) in Chinese culture that builds the Chinese civilization,” reported Medium website. 1．Where did Chinese civilization begin thousands of years ago? 2．How was the Dujiangyan irrigation system in Sichuan cleverly built? 3．What does Confucianism advise people to do? 4．Did ancient Chinese philosopher Xunzi compare his people to a boat? 5．What does the writer want to tell us by the underlined words according to the passage? 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 Jin Ying, 25, is a lover of TCM—Traditional Chinese Medicine (中医). In the winter of 2023, she took part in a related training course at Beijing University of Chinese Medicine. Jin’s life has been different since the training. After learning the Five Elements theory (五行学说), she changed her life habits. For example, she avoided sweating (流汗) too much during exercise in winter as the cold of winter means people should slow down, according to TCM. For her, learning these skills and theories was not about becoming a TCM doctor but rather about embracing (拥抱) a new lifestyle. She is not an unusual example of young people becoming interested in TCM. A survey by China Youth Daily showed that 93.3 percent of the 1,000 young people who took part had tried different TCM treatments. “I have seen a rising number of young people come to me for neck and back pains, which are usually related to the elderly,” said Ma Huifang, a TCM doctor. Between Western medicine and TCM, young people often choose TCM because it is effective (有效的), according to Ma. Some people question why TCM treats the same illnesses with different prescriptions (处方). “This is actually an advantage of TCM, rather than a bad thing, as it gives more accurate treatment (精准的治疗) for different patients,” Ma explained. Younger age groups are embracing TCM, and, at the same time, TCM is also benefiting young people. As Jin noted, “It helps young people understand Chinese medicine and learn why it is believed to be a treasure of our Chinese culture.” 1．When did Jin Ying take part in a related training course? 2．What did Jin Ying do after learning the Five Elements Theory? 3．Between Western medicine and TCM, why do young people often choose TCM? 4．Would you like to learn TCM in the future? Why? Passage 2 In China, writing brushes, ink sticks, paper and ink stones are called the Four Treasures of Study. Among the high-quality treasures, the writing brush produced in Huzhou, the ink stick produced in Huizhou, the xuan paper made in Xuancheng and the ink stone made in Duanxi are the best-known. The writing brushes can be used to draw the pictures on painted pottery(陶器). They are mainly made of the hair of animals. Those made of wool are called yanghao and those made of the weasel’s(鼬) tail hair are called langhao. Their artistic effects in writing and painting cannot be copied by any other pens. The ink stick is the pigment(颜料) used in writing and painting. The ink stick produced in Huizhou is of high quality. A story goes like this: Two famous skilled men Xi Chao and his son produced a kind of high-quality ink stick. As a result, the Emperor Li Yu in the Southern Tang dynasty agreed to give them the family name “Li”. From then on, the fame of the Li Ink Stick was widespread. In the Song dynasty, its producing area was changed into Huizhou, and it was then called the Hui Ink Stick. Paper is among the four great inventions in ancient China. The famous xuan paper appeared in the Sui and Tang dynasties. In Xuanzhou, Anhui Province where the xuan paper is produced, it’s said that Cai Lun’s pupil Kong Dan took the job of producing paper but failed to make perfect white paper. Later he happened to see the ebony(黑檀木) in the rivers. It was wet with the water and turned white. Then he used the bark(树皮) to produce the world-famous xuan paper. The ink stone was already very popular in the Han dynasty. The Ming and Qing dynasties saw the appearance of the Four Famous Ink Stones—Duan Ink Stone, She Ink Stone, Tao Ink Stone and Chengni Ink Stone. They can not only be used in writing and painting but also for admiration. 1．What are the writing brushes mainly made of? 2．Why did Xi Chao and his son get the family name from the Emperor Li Yu? 3．How did Kong Dan find the way to make the famous xuan paper by accident? 4．When did the Four Famous Ink Stone appear? 5．What can you do to pass on(传递，把……传下去) the Four Treasures of Study? Passage 3 Joining a short-term research program in China has not only allowed Pakistani agricultural scientist Sayyar Khan to push forward with his academic studies, but also given him a chance to see a country he had heard so much about. Khan is now doing a one-year research program at the Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences. The program is sponsored by the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology and many young talented scientists who come from collaborating countries, such as Pakistan, are given opportunities to work in China. Although this is his first visit to China, Khan says he is well-informed of the long friendship between China and Pakistan. He is impressed most by the cooperation (合作) in education between China and Pakistan. especially since the start-up of the Belt and Road Initiative (“一带一路”建设) in 2013. “Many students from my university and my city have visited China and completed their higher education here. ” he says, adding that he has met with many of them. “I hear news about China on television and read about it in print media, so I know of the rapid development of China in recent decades. ” Khan says the Belt and Road Initiative will have a very positive effect on the world. “I hope that I can stay in China to participate in such cooperation projects. ” he says. Khan says life in Beijing is much easier than he’d expected, thanks to the convenient（便利的）public transportation and restaurants offering food for Muslims（穆斯林）. This encouraged him to bring his family to live with him a couple of months ago. He says that language is the only challenge for them so far. However, he finds no problem talking with his Chinese colleagues, many of whom speak good English. He also enjoys the relaxing working environment and has a very good relationship with his co-workers. 1．What is Sayyar Khan? 2．What impresses Khan most? 3．How does Khan know of the rapid development of China according to what he says? 4．Why does Khan say life in Beijing is much easier than he’d expected? 5．What do you plan to do for the Belt and Road Initiative? (请自拟一句话作答) Passage 4 A new culture reality show (真人秀), Mystery of China, tells the stories of six cultural treasures. The show not only visited archaeology sites (考古遗址), but also invited culture experts to help people have a better and deeper understanding of these cultural treasures. According to Li Zhenya, the show’s producer, “who we are and where we come from” are key questions on the way to“find our genes (基因), “We hope to record the valuable. moments of every treasure. That is our purpose behind the show.” said Li. The show visited some of China’s most well-known cultural sites, like the Mogao Grottoes and the Emperor Qin Shi Huan’s Mausoleum Site Museum. How to introduce these treasures in the best way was something that the production team had trouble with. “Chinese history is so long that if we follow time order, then we would have to start with the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties or even earlier. That is not the way we learn history. Acollection of thousands of objects for the royal family (皇室) of the Tang Dynasty was found in1970 in a small village in North-west China’s Shanxi Province. Who hid it underground and why did they do so? There are so many questions to be answered,” Li said. “Telling these stories Behind the cultural treasures is something we hope to do, and then people can discover more about these shining cultural symbols.” Li added. 1．How did the show help people have a better and deeper understanding of cultural treasures? 2．Why did Li Zhenya start this show? 3．Would you like to watch the show if you have a chance? Why or why not? Passage 5 阅读与回答问题 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。 You may have seen a barista (咖啡师) pour milk foam (奶泡) into a coffee, then you can see a beautiful pattern (图案). But have you seen the art in a cup of tea?     Dian cha is a tea at from the Song Dynasty. The art begins with pouring water over fine powdered (粉状的) tea, creating a paste (糊) and then adding more hot water, whisking (搅动) it by hand with a bamboo whisk. It is believed that the art later spread to other parts of East Asia, including Japan. In 2019, it was listed as an intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) of Runzhou district Zhenjiang city, Jiangsu province.     The Shanghai designer Han Zhemin has been interested in dian cha since childhood. “My mother loves traditional culture and I have been influenced,” said Han. After he graduated from the China Academy of Art in Zhejiang province in 2006, Han tried his best to reviving (复兴) the art form.     He said during the process of dian cha, the froth (泡沫) tried his best to paper while the tea paste is like ink. But “drawing” on the tea foam is not easy. “Traditional paintings is about the soft brush against the hard paper, but the tea is about the hard teaspoon and the soft froth.” Han said.     Creating patterns on the tea foam is careful but quick work. Usually, the whole process has to be completed within 10 minutes. The ideal state is when the tea’s temperature is around 40℃ and ready for the palate (味觉). “Usually, it takes a year of practice for one to be able to do it,” Han added.     To spread dian cha culture, Han put the process of tea whisking and drawing on social media platforms, including Xiaohongshu, Bilibili and Douyin, attracting more than 20, 000 followers. When taking about tea art Han said we should increase the beauty rather than change the essence (本质) of tea. “I want more people to understand the processes and reasons of tea making,” he explained. 1．When was dian cha listed as an intangible cultural heritage? 2．Why has Han Zhemin shown interest in dian cha? 3．What is difficult for Han Zhemin during the process of dian cha? 4．Why did Han Zhemin share the process of dian cha on social media platforms? 5．How can you spread tea art? Passage 6 Many Westerners have the assumption (假设) that everyone in China knows how to do kung fu. This is, of course, a silly belief. But it is true that kung fu is a big part of Chinese culture.                                                   Like most people from the West, I was first introduced to kung fu through Hong Kong action films. Stars like Bruce Lee and Jackie Chan made kung fu popular in the Western world. The flashy (炫酷的) and impressive performances they gave in films like Rumble In The Bronx (Chan) and Enter The Dragon (Lee) made them household names in the US and elsewhere. However, my own personal interest in kung fu was actually inspired by a hip-hop group. Wu-Tang Clan (“武当派”), founded in the early 1990s in New York City, is one of the most influential (有影响力的) hip-hop groups in history. I myself do not practice kung fu. However, the concepts (哲学理念) behind it are quite interesting to me. There is a Bruce Lee quote that I often think of when I’m struggling with challenges in life. “Be formless … shapeless, like water,” he once said. By this, he meant that you should be ready to adapt (调整) and change your attitudes or beliefs when you face difficulties. I think this is a good way to deal with life. 回答下面5个问题, 每题答案不超过5个词。 1．How were most Western people first introduced to kung fu? 2．How many films are mentioned in this article? 3．Who inspired my interest in kung fu? 4．When does the writer often think of Bruce Lee? 5．When was Wu-Tang Clan founded? 试卷第20页（共20页） 试卷第1页（共20页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 A world of cultures 阅读表达题型专练（话题：人与自我——文化世界） 参考答案 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 1．It is celebrated for elderly people. 2．Two. / There are two main traditions. 3．In autumn. / The festival is celebrated in autumn. 4．To wish for elders a long life. 5．I often help them and talk with them. Passage 2 1．The fifteenth/15th day. 2．With/By using (colourful/beautiful) lanterns. 3．A large folk festival. 4．They enjoy the lanterns and guess the lantern riddles. 5．Because they are interested in traditional Chinese culture. Passage 3 1．Northern China. / From Northern China. / It’s from Northern China. 2．To welcome the return of spring. 3．Once a year. / Every year. 4．Three. /Three steps. / It takes three steps. 5．Delicious. / Sweet. / Tasty. / A sweet memory. / I like it very much.（言之有理即可） Passage 4 1．The top artist of Weifang nut carving. 2．Its difficult carving skills and rich artistic meanings. 3．No, it isn't. 4．To show folk stories from ancient times. 5．Young people learn and pass down the skills. Passage 5 1．Records of the Grand Historian. 2．About 10 years. 3．It’s China’s first biographical general history./China’s first biographical general history. 4．Loyalty, bravery, and wisdom. 5．Never give up/Keep working hard. Passage 6 1．Along the Yellow and Yangtze rivers. 2．By using natural features without harming the environment. 3．Learn from water to train morality. 4．No, he compared them to water. 5．Water builds Chinese civilization and culture. 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 1．In the winter of 2023. 2．She changed her life habits. 3．Because it’s effective. 4．开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案为：Yes, I would like to learn TCM in the future because I think learning TCM can help me understand and appreciate our Chinese culture more. Passage 2 1．They are mainly made of the hair of animals. 2．Because Xi Chao and his son produced a kind of high-quality ink stick. 3．He happened to see the ebony in the rivers and used the bark to produce the world-famous xuan paper. 4．They appeared in the Ming and Qing dynasties. 5．本题属于开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案：I can learn more knowledge about the Four Treasures of Study and share with my classmates, friends even foreigners. Passage 3 1．He is an agricultural scientist. 2．The cooperation in education between China and Pakistan. 3．He hears news on television and reads in print media. 4．Because of the convenient public transportation and restaurants offering food for Muslims. 5．（略）（答案不唯一） Passage 4 1．The show helped people have a better and deeper understanding of cultural treasures by visiting archaeology sites and inviting culture experts. 2．Because Li Zhenya hoped to record the valuable moments of every treasure. 3．示例答案1（想观看）：Yes, I’d like to. Because I’m really interested in cultural treasures, and watching the show can help me learn more about our rich cultural heritage. 示例答案2（不想观看）：No, I wouldn’t. Because I’m not very interested in cultural relics - related content, and I prefer other types of shows that are more relaxing and entertaining. Passage 5 1．In 2019. 2．Because his mother loves traditional culture and he has been influenced. 3．“Drawing” on the tea foam. 4．To spread dian cha culture. 5．We can learn more about it and share on social media platforms. Passage 6 1．Through Hong Kong action films. 2．Two./2. 3．A hip-hop group. 4．When struggling with challenges. 5．In the early 1990s. 试卷第20页（共20页） 试卷第2页（共3页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $