Unit 4 Adversity and courage单元练习卷 -2026-2027学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第三册

Unit 4 Adversity and courage单元练习卷 -2026-2027学年高中英语 人教版选择性必修第三册答案及解析 （试卷满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟） 第一部分 单词练习（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节 单句语法填空（共 10小题；每小题 1.5分，满分 15分） 1. qualified 2. abandoned 3. enthusiastic 4. resolved 5. commitment 6. belongings 7. assignment 8. up 9. for 10. perseverance 第二节 单词拼写（共 10小题；每小题 1.5分，满分 15分） 11. episodes 12. candidates 13. bitter 14. rough 15. genuine 16. candidate 17. envied 18. motive 19. Unfortunately 20. crew 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 21. A 22. B 23. C 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C 第二节 七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 36. C 37. F 38. D 39. G 40. B 第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分 30分) 第一节：完形填空(共15小题;每小题 1分，满分15分) 41. D 42. A 43. B 44. C 45. B 46. C 47. A 48. D 49. B 50. D 51. A 52. A 53. C 54. D 55. B 第二节：语篇语法填空(10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 56.where 57.the 58.to find 59.instruments 60.by 61.observing 62.confident 63.himself 64.traditional 65.be lost 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分 15 分) 66.Dear teachers and classmates, It’s my great honour to give a short speech here.Today I’d like to share my opinions on dealing with adversity. It is widely acknowledged that adversity is unavoidable.Instead of escaping from it,we should hold a positive attitude.Take Tu Youyou as an example.Unfortunately,she met countless failures when searching for artemisinin.She lacked enough advanced equipment and faced repeated experiment failures.Furthermore,she spent years testing hundreds of herbs without good results.However,she never lost heart and kept going.Finally,she succeeded and saved millions of lives. Her story leaves me a deep impression.Adversity can shape us.As long as we keep persistent,we can turn difficulties into chances. Thank you! 第二节 读后续写 (满分 25 分) 67.   On the day of performance,I sat in the hall.My heart was pounding wildly as I watched her step slowly onto the stage,her eyes fixed on the floor.At first,she stood still,seemingly too nervous to make a sound.Holding her breath,she gathered her courage and began to sing.Her voice was soft but clear,flowing gently through the quiet hall.All my previous worry and embarrassment gradually faded away. I felt relaxed and appreciated it with excitement.When the last note died away,the whole hall burst into warm applause.A surge of guilt and admiration washed over me.Only then did I realize how brave my sister was.She struggled with social difficulties but dared to show herself in front of crowds.I was proud of her.From that day on,I never hid the truth that she was my beloved sister. 【详细解析】 第一部分 单词练习（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节 单句语法填空（共 10小题；每小题 1.5分，满分 15分） 1. 答案：qualified 考点：词形转换 名词→形容词 句意：来和我们持证的私人教练Jodie McGregor一起在米德尔顿庄园的场地锻炼吧。 解析：空格修饰后面名词personal trainer，要用形容词。qualify（v.使具备资格）→ qualified（adj.有资质的，合格的）。 2. 答案：abandoned 考点：形容词作表语 句意：身处新环境的人应当理解，你的朋友可能会感到被抛弃。 解析：feel是系动词，后面接形容词。abandon（v.抛弃）→ abandoned（adj.被遗弃的），表达人的感受。 3. 答案：enthusiastic 考点：词形转换 名词→形容词 句意：对中年人来说幸运的是，莱文发现：即便你以前并不是热爱运动的人，现在健身也有助于改善衰老的心脏。 解析：修饰名词exerciser，需要形容词。enthusiasm（n.热情）→ enthusiastic（adj.热情的，热衷的）；an enthusiastic exerciser 热爱锻炼的人。 4. 答案：resolved 考点：get + 过去分词（被动含义） 句意：近期研究表明，如果一场争吵得到解决，与之相关的情绪反应会大幅减弱甚至几乎完全消失。 解析：get resolved = be resolved，表示“被解决”；argument和resolve是被动关系，填resolved。 5. 答案：commitment 考点：词形转换 动词→名词 句意：然而，只有当我们投身于比自我更宏大的事物时，我们才能实现人生意义。 解析：冠词a后面接单数名词；make a commitment to… 固定搭配：致力于、投身于……；commit（v.投入）→ commitment（n.投入，承诺）。 6. 答案：belongings 考点：名词复数 句意：下飞机时，请确保带好你所有随身物品。 解析：belong的名词belongings，只用复数形式，意思是“随身财物、行李”。 7. 答案：assignment 考点：词形转换 动词→名词 句意：我们第一项任务是读两篇短篇故事，然后讨论哪一篇更好。 解析：first是形容词，后面接名词；assign（v.分配，布置）→ assignment（n.任务，作业）。 8. 答案：up 考点：固定短语 cheer sb. up 句意：她情绪低落的时候，朋友们为她举办了惊喜派对，这真的让她振作起来。 解析：cheer sb. up 固定短语：使某人振作、鼓舞某人。 9. 答案：for 考点：固定搭配 be qualified for 句意：我能够胜任这个岗位，因为我具备所需技能以及相关工作经验。 解析：be qualified for + 名词，意为“胜任……；有资格担任……”；对比：be qualified to do sth.（后接动词原形）。 10. 答案：perseverance 考点：词形转换 动词→名词 句意：她的毅力让她能够承受最严苛的训练而不放弃。 解析：形容词性物主代词Her后接名词；persevere（v.坚持不懈）→ perseverance（n.毅力，坚韧）。 第二节 单词拼写（共 10小题；每小题 1.5分，满分 15分） 11. 答案：episodes 考点：名词复数 句意：这场痛苦但难忘的航行将永远是我人生中最珍贵的一段经历之一。 解析：one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数，表示“最……之一”；episode n.一段经历、片段。 12. 答案：candidates 考点：名词复数 句意：经过严格面试，只有两名候选人被选入改革小组。 解析：two后面接可数名词复数；candidate n.候选人。 13. 答案：bitter 考点：形容词 句意：站在严寒的冷空气里，他们却一点也不觉得冷。 解析：修饰名词cold air，用形容词；bitter adj.严寒的，刺骨的。 14. 答案：rough 考点：形容词 句意：多年辛苦劳作，让妈妈的双手粗糙坚硬。 解析：make + 宾语 + 形容词（宾补）；rough adj.粗糙的。 15. 答案：genuine 考点：形容词并列 句意：在我看来，这位新室友诚实、真诚、热情、充满活力。 解析：和honest, enthusiastic并列，用形容词；genuine adj.真诚的。 16. 答案：candidate 考点：名词单数 句意：海伦被选中这份工作，因为她是更优秀的应试者。 解析：the superior candidate 更优秀的应聘者；candidate n.应试者、求职者。 17. 答案：envied 考点：动词时态 句意：尽管身体虚弱，大卫从不羡慕别人拥有的优势，只是尽全力去做自己想做的事。 解析：和后面tried时态保持一致，一般过去时；envy v.羡慕，过去式envied。 18. 答案：motive 考点：名词 句意：这些诗人总是像艺术家一样对待创作，他们的动机是展现人性中最好的一面。 解析：形容词性物主代词their后接名词；motive n.动机。 19. 答案：Unfortunately 考点：副词作评注性状语 句意：不幸地，我遇上堵车，错过了这场重要会议。 解析：放在句首，修饰整个句子，用副词；unfortunately adv.不幸地。 20. 答案：crew 考点：集合名词 句意：这艘船的全体工作人员不知疲倦地抢修发动机，保障所有乘客旅途安全。 解析：crew n.（船、飞机上的）全体工作人员，集合名词。 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） A 21~23. 【语篇解读】文章主要介绍了一次南极探险航海之旅的相关信息，包括意义、亮点等。 21. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Retrace (重走) the same paths of early British explorer Ernest Shackleton, and learn about one of the greatest known survival stories of polar exploration.（重走早期英国探险家欧内斯特·沙克尔顿走过的路，了解极地探险中最伟大的生存故事之一。）”可知，通过重走欧内斯特·沙克尔顿探险时走过的路，可以了解他的旅程。故选A。 22.细节理解题。根据Highlights部分的第一段“Learn all about the Antarcticˈs unique ecosystems from marine biologist Helen Scales.（跟随海洋生物学家Helen Scales了解南极独特的生态系统。）”可知，你可以向Helen Scales了解南极的海洋生态系统。故选B。 23.推理判断题。根据全文内容，尤其根据第一段“Join one of the greatest expedition voyages on this planet. Journey below the Antarctic Circle and deep into the Weddell Sea, a part of Antarctica that few get to experience. Encounter huge icebergs, and a variety of marine wildlife on this trip of a lifetime to the worldˈs most remote continent.（加入这个星球上最伟大的探险旅程之一。在南极圈以外的旅行，深入威德尔海，它是南极洲的一部分，很少有人能体验到。在这趟千载难逢的世界上最偏远的大陆之旅中，你将邂逅巨大的冰山和各种海洋野生动物。）”以及文章最后的“For more information and to book, call UK+44 2031961000（UK office: Mon.—Fri. 9:00 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. GMT）[欲知更多信息及预订，请致电UK+44 2031961000（英国办公室：周一至周五上午9:00至下午5:30 GMT）]”可知，文章主要介绍了一次南极探险之旅，希望人们参加，由此可推断文章的目的是推广一次旅游。故选C。 B 24~27. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了普洛斯彼里在沙漠中与大自然斗争，凭借他的健康、勇气和创造力最后幸存下来的故事。 24.细节理解题。根据第四段中的“During the race, a sandstorm caused Prosperi, then 39 years old, married and father to three children, to become disoriented. One day after going off track, he found himself in an abandoned Muslim temple in Algeria.”可知，普洛斯彼里不得不停止跑马拉松是因为恶劣的天气使他迷路了。故选C项。 25.细节理解题。根据第五段“Assuming he would never be found, he cut his wrists with a penknife from his supplies. However, it was such a dry heat that the wounds thickened and scabbed over, and he was forced to go back into the desert and attempt to find help.”可知，普洛斯彼里回到沙漠寻求帮助是因为他没能结束自己的生命。故选B项。 26.推理判断题。根据最后一段“Having traveled 180 miles in all, Prosperi lost 35 pounds during his severe suffering in the desert; it took several months before he could eat solid food again. But he remained an enthusiastic runner and even returned and completed the race in 2012.”可以推论出，普洛斯彼里是一个坚持不懈的人。故选D项。 27.写作意图题。根据第一段中的“In their battle against the elements, contestants are forced to use their fitness, their courage and their creativity to become true survivalists.”和普洛斯彼里的故事可以推论出，本文的目的是通过人类在极端挑战中生存的能力来激励读者。故选C项。 C 28~31. 【语篇解读】  本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了患癌的陈教授坚持录制讲座视频，以及其背后的意义和影响。 28.细节理解题。根据第二段中“A 2023 Cambridge study demonstrated that instructing others sets off 28% stronger dopamine release than personal achievements.”可知，2023年剑桥大学的一项研究表明，教导他人比个人成就释放的多巴胺多28%，即教导他人比个人成功产生更多的多巴胺。故选A。 29.推理判断题。根据第二段中“His approach contrasts with Western models like..., prioritize generational wisdom passed down over individual achievements.”可推知，文章通过比较优先考虑的生活价值观来呈现陈教授的行为与西方模式之间的差异。故选B。 30.推理判断题。根据第三段中“A Peking University survey on Chinese youth found that 68% of respondents considered happiness the same as wealth, yet 89% admitted feeling empty after attaining targets.”可知，89%的人承认在实现目标后感到空虚。由此可推知，大多数中国年轻人在获得财富后感到不满意。故选C。 31.推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，陈教授的故事传达了一个重要的真理，即意义存在于对他人成长耐心且日常的付出之中。由此可推知，作者想通过讲述陈教授的故事来展示持久的价值源于对他人的持续奉献。故选C。 D 32~35. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了自我反省的定义、意义以及进行自我反省的途径，并且强调把自我反省融入生活能帮助人们提升自我。 32.推理判断题。第二段最后一句提到通过质疑已建立的模式并寻求改变，人们便为自己创造了进步的空间。由此可推知，人们通过挑战现存的模式来获得进步。故选 D。 33.细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Writing about daily experiences, thoughts, and emotions can clarify oneˈs feelings and motivations, revealing patterns or conflicts that need attention.”可知，写日记可以表达自己的真实情感，有利于自我反省。故选 B。 34.词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知，自我反省没有“immutable”时间线，按照自己的节奏前行可以帮助你顺利前进。其中的“at your own pace”说明没有固定的、不可改变的时间线，故推知，画线词“immutable”表示“固定的，不可改变的”。故选 A。 35.推理判断题。根据最后一段 Rosado说的话“在日常生活中进行自我反省的方法有很多，比如写日记，在大自然中长时间散步，接受治疗”可推知，Rosado的话表明有很多方法可以进行自我反省。故选 C。 第二节 七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 36~40. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了一些处理生活中的困难和痛苦的方法。​ 36.根据下文Write or talk about how you feel，Remind yourself that you are not alone，Accept the results and get support again介绍的几种处理生活中的困难和痛苦的方法可知，空格处为引起下文的句子，分析选项可知C项（以下是我尝试过的一些事情，只是为了帮助我相信更光明的未来并克服困难。）符合语境。故选C。 37.本段的小标题Write or talk about how you feel（写下或谈论你的感受）。空格处为承上启下的过渡句。根据空格前 Keeping my feelings to myself used to make me feel lonely, but when I found someone who actually cared about me, it became natural to share how I felt with him and that contributed to(带来) my ability to overcome troublesome situation.（过去把我的感觉藏在心里会让我感到孤独，但当我找到一个真正关心我的人时，我就很自然地和他分享我的感受，这也帮助我培养出了应对困境的能力。）和空格后Although talking to strangers about your problems may seem crazy, it actually isn't.（虽然和陌生人谈论自己的问题看起来很疯狂，但实际上并非如此。）可知，F选项（我不仅和他谈了我的感受，还决定写博客。）符合本段主题，且承上启下。故选F。 38.空格处为段落小标题。根据下文It is why it's important to separate yourself from a situation long enough to think clearly.（这就是为什么把你自己从一种情况中分离出来，让你有足够的时间清晰地思考是很重要的。）可知，本段主要讲述让自己从一种情况中分离出来去思考，分析选项可知，D项（把自己从这种情况中分离出来。）符合段意。故选D。 39.本段小标题Remind yourself that you are not alone（提醒自己你并不孤独）。根据上文提到的Regardless of who or what you depend on, you need to remind yourself that you are not alone; you have people who do care.（无论你依赖谁或依靠什么，你都需要提醒自己，你并不孤单；你有关心你的人。）可知，G项（即使只是一个人，也足以让你有理由提醒自己，你永远不会真正孤单。）衔接上文，符合语境。故选G。 40.本段的小标题Accept the results and get support again（接受结果并再次获得支持）可知，本段内容主要讲述要接受事情的结果。分析选项可知，B选项（最后，是时候接受已经发生的事情了。）符合本段内容。故选B。 第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分 30分) 第一节：完形填空(共15小题;每小题 1分，满分15分) 41~55. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过赛艇运动重拾科研信心并找到应对挑战的新方法。 41.根据空后的“to treat patients”可知，作者梦想创造开创性的治疗方法 (cures) 来治疗世界各地的病人。故选 D。 42.根据第一段第二句以及空后的“seemed unattainable”可知，作者梦想创造开创性的治疗方法来治疗世界各地的病人，这是作者的雄心壮志 (ambition) ，但是随着岁月流逝，似乎遥不可及。故选 A。 43.根据空前的“… see myself in a field where few people from my background were”和空后的“…I was one of the only Black students in my STEM courses”可推知，该领域中“有相似背景的人很少能占据一席之地[即被代表 (represented)]”。故选 B。 44.根据空后的“and a surgeon”“ as biomedical research”等信息可知，作者想同时成为一名研究者 (researcher) 和外科医生。故选 C。 45.根据空后的“suggested I focus on one field”可知，导师不赞同作者的双重计划，所以是反对的 (opposed)。故选 B。 46.根据空前的“I also struggled to find… suggested I focus on one field.”可知，导师的反对和自身缺乏指导的困境，应是让作者对原本的计划产生怀疑 (suspecting)。故选C。 47.根据空后的“just to expand my social circle... helped me develop discipline and a new approach…”可知，作者加入俱乐部最初 (initially) 只是为了扩大社交圈，后来这一情况才改变。故选 A。 48.根据第三段第三句空后的“… with very few Black women rowers”可知，赛艇运动和生物医学研究一样缺乏多样性 (diversity)。故选 D。 49.根据空后的“who not only gave me guidance to improve my”可知，作者的赛艇队友接受了 (accepted) 作者。故选 B。 50.根据空前的“who not only gave me guidance to improve my”可知，指导的目的是提高与赛艇相关的技术 (technique)。故选 D。 51.根据空后的“the fact Iˈm already doing… when Iˈm having my doubts about…”可知，作者现在会反思 (reflect on) 自己已经在做曾经看似不可能的事情这一事实。put forward 提出；account for解释； look into 调查。故选 A。 52.根据第二段第二句、第三段第四句可知，作者对自己在科学领域的归属感 (belonging) 产生怀疑。故选 A。 53.根据空后的“experiments as many simple goals”可知，作者将复杂的 (complex) 实验视为许多简单的目标。故选 C。 54.根据空前的“Instead of giving in to the fear of”和空后的“I focused on how to ensure each step was successful”可知，作者没有屈服于对无能 (incompetence) 的恐惧，而是专注于如何确保每一步都成功。discontent 不满；disharmony 不和谐；inflexibility 顽固。故选 D。 55.根据空前的“I focused on how to ensure each step was successful”可知，作者专注于如何确保每一步都成功，因此在水上和实验室里都逐渐找到了新的自信 (confidence)。故选 B。 第二节：语篇语法填空(10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 56-65【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。Mau Piailug在没有指南针和海图的情况下，通过星星、风和海的变化在航海时找到了自己的方向。他的经历也证明了夏威夷的第一批居民是乘坐小船来的。 56.考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，所填词引导定语从句，修饰先行词 expedition，从句中缺少地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 57. 考查冠词。此处特指上文中提到的探险（expedition），应用定冠词the表特指。故填the。 58. 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处表示探险的目的是弄清楚在遥远的过去，水手是否可以在没有导航仪器的情况下从一个岛屿到另一个岛屿。表目的，需用不定式。故填to find。 59. 考查名词的数。instrument意为“仪器，仪表”时，是可数名词，且前面无限定词修饰，应用复数形式表泛指。故填instruments。 60.考查介词。by accident是固定短语，意为“偶然地；意外地”。故填by。 61. 考查非谓语动词。此处作介词by的宾语，应用动名词形式，by doing sth在句中作方式状语，意为“通过做某事”。故填observing。 62.考查形容词。此处跟在系动词 was后作表语，应用形容词。故填confident。 63.考查代词。此处作主语Mau的同位语，与主语Mau互指，表示“Mau他自己”，应用反身代词himself。故填himself。 64.考查形容词。此处用形容词traditional（传统的）作定语修饰名词secrets。故填traditional。 65.考查被动语态。从句主语his knowledge和谓语动词lose之间是被动关系，所以此处应用被动语态，前有情态动词的否定形式would not。故填be lost。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分 15 分) 66.【思路点拨】 本文是课前英文演讲稿，主题为如何面对逆境。开头引出观点；主体段列举名人例子，介绍人物遭遇的逆境以及他的做法；结尾抒发感悟、点明启示，恰当使用过渡词，运用高级句式。 【亮点词汇】 adversity n.逆境；perseverance n.毅力；overcome v.克服；setback n.挫折；maintain a positive attitude保持积极心态；serve as an inspiration作为榜样 【高分句型】 1.It is widely acknowledged that adversity is an unavoidable part of our life.（主语从句） 2.What makes a difference is not the hardship itself,but our attitude towards it.（主语从句+not...but...） 3.Faced with countless failures,he never gave up and kept pursuing his dream.（过去分词作状语） 【拓展词汇】 endure v.忍受；resilient adj.坚韧的；encounter v.遭遇；tough times艰难时刻 【拓展句型】 4.Only when we bravely face difficulties can we grow stronger.（倒装句） 5.Those who stick to their goals will eventually see hope in darkness.（定语从句） 【范文】 Dear teachers and classmates, It’s my great honour to give a short speech here.Today I’d like to share my opinions on dealing with adversity. It is widely acknowledged that adversity is unavoidable.Instead of escaping from it,we should hold a positive attitude.Take Tu Youyou as an example.Unfortunately,she met countless failures when searching for artemisinin.She lacked enough advanced equipment and faced repeated experiment failures.Furthermore,she spent years testing hundreds of herbs without good results.However,she never lost heart and kept going.Finally,she succeeded and saved millions of lives. Her story leaves me a deep impression.Adversity can shape us.As long as we keep persistent,we can turn difficulties into chances. Thank you! 第二节读后续写(满分25分) 67.一、文意梳理 【原文大意】 作者的姐姐患有阿斯伯格综合征（社交困难症），不擅长社交，不敢与人对视，作者一直因为姐姐的不同而在公共场合不愿承认她是自己的姐姐。一次毕业汇演，姐姐没有小组，却主动提出独自上台唱歌，作者内心十分抗拒，担心姐姐让自己丢脸。 【段落续写】 第一段开头：On the day of performance,I sat in the hall.描写姐姐上台时作者紧张忐忑的心情、姐姐上台的状态、开口歌唱的画面。 第二段开头：I felt relaxed and appreciated it with excitement.描写歌声打动全场、大家鼓掌，作者内心受到触动，转变对姐姐的看法，懂得接纳与敬佩。 二、线索厘清 【续写线索】 忐忑紧张→姐姐登台演唱→歌声动人→全场喝彩→内心震撼愧疚→理解敬佩姐姐，完成自我改变 【词汇激活】 行为类：step onto the stage走上舞台；burst into applause爆发出掌声；gather courage鼓起勇气；cast a glance at看向 情绪类：anxious焦虑的；astonished震惊的；guilty愧疚的；admiring钦佩的 三、范文鉴赏 1.【亮点词汇】 tremble v.颤抖；fascinating adj.动人的；overwhelm v.使震撼；admiration n.钦佩；gather courage鼓起勇气 2.【高分句型】 My heart was pounding wildly as I watched her step slowly onto the stage,her eyes fixed on the floor.（独立主格） It was her brave voice rather than perfect skills that touched every person present.（强调句） 3.【结构布局】 第一段：聚焦现场，写姐姐登台、作者紧张不安，姐姐克服社交障碍放声歌唱； 第二段：描写现场反响，作者情绪转变，内心反思，升华主题，接纳姐姐、敬佩她的勇气。 4.【拓展词汇】 nervousness n.紧张；remarkable adj.非凡的；inspire v.激励；acceptance n.接纳 5.【拓展句型】 Only then did I realize how brave my sister had always been.（倒装句） What she showed us was the true courage to face adversity.（主语从句） 6.【范文】 On the day of performance,I sat in the hall.My heart was pounding wildly as I watched her step slowly onto the stage,her eyes fixed on the floor.At first,she stood still,seemingly too nervous to make a sound.Holding her breath,she gathered her courage and began to sing.Her voice was soft but clear,flowing gently through the quiet hall.All my previous worry and embarrassment gradually faded away. I felt relaxed and appreciated it with excitement.When the last note died away,the whole hall burst into warm applause.A surge of guilt and admiration washed over me.Only then did I realize how brave my sister was.She struggled with social difficulties but dared to show herself in front of crowds.I was proud of her.From that day on,I never hid the truth that she was my beloved sister. 第1页，共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Adversity and courage单元练习卷 -2026-2027学年高中英语 人教版选择性必修第三册 （试卷满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟） 第一部分 单词练习（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节 单句语法填空（共 10小题；每小题 1.5分，满分 15分） 1.Come and work out with our            (qualify) personal trainer, Jodie McGregor, on the grounds of the Middleton Lodge estate. 2.The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel           (abandon). 3.Fortunately for those in midlife, Levine is finding that even if you havenˈt been an            (enthusiasm) exerciser, getting in shape now may help improve your aging heart. 4.Recent research suggests that if an argument gets            (resolve), the emotional response tied to it is significantly reduced or almost completely erased. 5.However, we can achieve meaning only if we have made a            (commit) to something larger than our own little egos (自我). 6.Please make sure you have all your            (belong) with you when leaving the plane. 7.Our first            (assign) was to read two short stories and then discuss which one was better. 8.When she was feeling down, her friends threw a surprise party for her, which really cheered her            . 9.I am qualified            this position as I possess the necessary skills and relevant work experience required. 10.Her             (persevere) allowed her to undergo the strictest training without quitting. 第二节 单词拼写（共 10小题；每小题 1.5分，满分 15分） 11.The painful but unforgettable voyage will forever be one of the most precious             (一段经历) in my life. 12.After the strict interview, only two             (候选人) were admitted to the reform team. 13.Standing in the            （严寒的）cold air, they somehow didn’t feel cold at all. 14.Years of hard work made my mother’s hands            （粗糙的）and hard. 15.As far as I’m concerned, the new roommate is honest,            （真诚的）, enthusiastic and full of vigour. 16.Helen was chosen for the job because she was the superior            （应试者）. 17.Despite his weakness in his body, David never            （羡慕）others their advantages, but just tried his best to do what he wanted to do. 18.These poets always approached (处理) their writing as artists, and their            (动机) was to bring out the best in mankind. 19.            (不幸地), I was caught in the traffic jam and missed the important meeting. 20.The            (全体工作人员) of the ship worked tirelessly to repair the engine, ensuring the safe journey of all passengers. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Science of the Deep Antarctic: Shackletonˈs Expedition and the Weddell Sea Join one of the greatest expedition voyages on this planet. Journey below the Antarctic Circle and deep into the Weddell Sea, a part of Antarctica that few get to experience. Encounter huge icebergs, and a variety of marine wildlife on this trip of a lifetime to the worldˈs most remote continent. Retrace (重走) the same paths of early British explorer Ernest Shackleton, and learn about one of the greatest known survival stories of polar exploration. Hear first-hand from broadcast presenter and producer, Saunders Carmichael-Brown, who was aboard the Endurance22 expedition that discovered the remains of Shackletonˈs ship on the Antarctic seabed in 2022. Exclusive (独有的) to New Scientist, you will be accompanied by marine biologist and author Helen Scales along with a highly knowledgeable and supportive expedition team (experts in exploration, science and wildlife). Travel aboard a new state-of-the-art polar expedition ship, Sylvia Earle. With a capacity for just 132 guests, it is large enough to offer luxury and to navigate deep into the ice but remains a highly personalised experience. Highlights · Learn all about the Antarcticˈs unique ecosystems from marine biologist Helen Scales. · See a variety of animals that play and hunt in Antarctic Sound, including whales, penguins and seals. · Uncover the fascinating history of Shackletonˈs expedition, including the Endurance22 expedition discovery of the Endurance shipwreck (沉船) from film producer Saunders Carmichael-Brown. For more information and to book, call UK +44 2031961000 (UK office: Mon.—Fri. 9:00 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. GMT) 21.How can you learn about Ernest Shackleton in the journey? A. By following the same routes of Shackletonˈs expedition. B. By hearing first-hand from survivors of Shackletonˈs team. C. By stepping aboard the remains of Shackletonˈs ship. D. By seeing a documentary about theEndurance shipwreck. 22.Who can you learn Antarcticˈs marine ecosystem from? A. Ernest Shackleton. B. Helen Scales. C. Saunders Carmichael-Brown. D. Sylvia Earle. 23.What is the purpose of the text? A. To remember an explorer. B. To report an expedition story. C. To promote a tour. D. To explain the science of Antarctic. B The HISTORY Channel series Alone drops contestants into some of the planetˈs most punishing environments, with a bare minimum of clothing, safety and survival gear. In their battle against the elements, contestants are forced to use their fitness, their courage and their creativity to become true survivalists. Few people choose to be thrown into such extreme situations, but those who do have usually stumbled into some immense bad luck. Just check out one of the famous real-life survival stories: Mauro Prosperi is an Italian police officer who gained worldwide fame after getting lost in the Sahara Desert in 1994. A keen athlete and long-distance runner, Mauro took part in the 1994 Marathon of the Sands in Morocco, a six-day-long endurance race in one of the driest and most barren environments on the planet. During the race, a sandstorm caused Prosperi, then 39 years old, married and father to three children, to become disoriented. One day after going off track, he found himself in an abandoned Muslim temple in Algeria. In order to survive, he killed and ate bats. For liquid, he was forced to drink his own waste, lick dew off of rocks and suck moisture out of his wet wipes. Assuming he would never be found, he cut his wrists with a penknife from his supplies. However, it was such a dry heat that the wounds thickened and scabbed over, and he was forced to go back into the desert and attempt to find help. For nine days he walked through the desert and ate insects and cold-blooded animals. Finally, he found a small village. From there he was flown to a hospital, where doctors said his liver had almost completely failed. Having traveled 180 miles in all, Prosperi lost 35 pounds during his severe suffering in the desert; it took several months before he could eat solid food again. But he remained an enthusiastic runner and even returned and completed the race in 2012. 24.Why did Prosperi have to discontinue the Marathon of the Sands? A. Because his supplies were running out. B. Because his children didnˈt want to lose him. C. Because he lost his way because of the bad weather. D. Because he couldnˈt tolerate the extreme heat. 25.What caused Mauro Prosperi to head back to the desert for help? A. His intention to heal the wounds. B. His failure to take his own life. C. His decreasing interest in food sources. D. His discomfort with the temple environment. 26.According to the passage, what can be inferred about Mauro Prosperiˈs experience? A. He found an alternative source of water in a traditional way. B. He demonstrated the determination to survive all the way through. C. His story was a proof of the worsening relationship between man and nature. D. His eventual return to the race signified his persistence. 27.What is the primary purpose of the passage? A. To entertain readers with an awe-inspiring fictional adventure story. B. To educate readers about the possible dangers of the punishing environments. C. To inspire readers with humansˈ ability to survive the extreme challenges. D. To remind readers of the value of essential survival skills and preparedness. C When diagnosed（诊断）with terminal cancer, Professor Chen, a 42-year-old literature scholar, made an unusual decision—to film 1,862 educational lecture videos until his final days. His declaration “Teaching is my life” during a weakly-delivered yet deeply-moving last lecture stimulated nationwide reflection on lifeˈs true value. Modern neuroscience provides biological evidence for Chenˈs choice. A 2023 Cambridge study demonstrated that instructing others sets off 28% stronger dopamine（多巴胺）release than personal achievements. This explains why Chen, despite his physical condition, insisted on grading papers—an act in psychologistsˈ term “legacy（遗产）motivation”. His approach contrasts with Western models like Professor Randy Pauschˈs celebrated “Last Lecture”, which emphasized realizing childhood dreams. Eastern traditions, particularly Confucian ideals, prioritize generational wisdom passed down over individual achievements. The social impact was measurable. Chenˈs online courses gained 90 million views, with 72% of viewers aged 18-25. This popularity reveals a hunger for purpose beyond material success. A Peking University survey on Chinese youth found that 68% of respondents considered happiness the same as wealth, yet 89% admitted feeling empty after attaining targets. Chenˈs legacy challenges this mindset; his worn-out lecture notes and student letters displayed at Nanjing University Museum demonstrate how ordinary devotion builds up extraordinary meaning. Ultimately, Chen redefined life value not through memorials but through multiple understanding—each student internalizing his teachings becomes a living continuation of his intellectual journey. In our achievement-driven era, his story whispers an essential truth: significance often resides not in shining moments but in patient and daily investment in othersˈ growth. 28.What can we know about teaching others in the 2023 Cambridge study? （） A. It produces more dopamine than personal success. B. It reduces pain for people with physical conditions. C. It helps achieve childhood dreams in the long term. D. It stimulates peopleˈs reflection on lifeˈs true value. 29.How is the difference between Chenˈs actions and Western models presented? （） A. By explaining psychologistsˈ terms. B. By comparing prioritized life values. C. By listing different teaching methods. D. By emphasizing respective drawbacks. 30.What can we infer about most young Chinese from Paragraph 3? （） A. They ignore traditional teaching methods. B. They lose interest in materialistic success. C. They feel unsatisfied after gaining wealth. D. They prefer online courses to on-site class. 31.What does the author want to show by telling Professor Chenˈs story? （） A. Scientific research is essential for meaningful education. B. The value of teaching is determined by online popularity. C. Lasting significance is from consistent devotion to others. D. Individual legacy is best preserved in the public museums. D Simply put, soul-searching means the effort to find meaning and purpose in life. It is about uncovering the reason for our existence and filling our lives with clear purpose. Though not a medical or commonly used term in psychiatry (精神病学), soul-searching represents a healthy form of self-reflection. From a psychological perspective, as explained by Natalie Rosado, the founder of Tampa Counseling Place, soul-searching is a “deep introspective (好内省的) process through which an individual tries to gain insight into their deepest thoughts, emotions, values, and beliefs”. People who do soul-searching might do so to face unresolved conflicts, gain a better understanding of their identity, and deepen their connection with themselves and others. It plays a vital role in personal growth. By questioning established patterns and looking for change, one creates room for improvement. Journaling is a valuable way for soul-searching. Writing about daily experiences, thoughts, and emotions can clarify oneˈs feelings and motivations, revealing patterns or conflicts that need attention. Additionally, journaling is generally beneficial to mental health. A 2022 study showed that it reduced anxiety by 9%, PTSD (创伤后应激障碍) by 6%,and depression by 2%. We know that soul-searching can be challenging at times. “Soul-searching can be tough, and thatˈs completely normal and okay,” Rosado says. Itˈs valid to feel that things are hard and that youˈre not making much progress. Many people also end up feeling confused or overwhelmed. Rosado emphasizes the importance of being patient with oneself, “There is no immutable timeline for soul-searching, and going at your own pace can help you move forward smoothly.”“There are several ways to put soul-searching into daily life, such as keeping a journal, taking long walks in nature, and undergoing treatment. It can also be a natural part of your routine.” Rosado suggests seeing this process as something natural and organic rather than something forced. Being mindful of your values and true self naturally leads to personal growth. Having an attitude of discovery and introspection is positive and can motivate you to become the best version of yourself. 32.How do people make progress by soul-searching? A. By dealing with difficulties. B. By building their identity. C. By interacting with others more. D. By challenging existent patterns. 33.Why is journaling good for self-reflection? A. It develops a regular habit. B. It represents the true feelings. C. It records prioritized issues. D. It lowers the level of anxiety. 34.What does the underlined word “immutable” mean? A. Fixed. B. complex. C. Detailed. D. Crucial. 35.What can be implied from what Rosado says in the last paragraph? A. Soul-searching may consume patience. B. Being close to nature is a part of life. C. There are ways to refer to for soul-searching. D. Personal growth requires correct values. 第二节 七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 Some Ways to Deal with Hardships and Pain in Life     Regardless of(不管) the difficulties you may face, it's getting support and moving forward that counts(重要) the most when you need to deal with hardships.   (36)        Write or talk about how you feel     Keeping my feelings to myself used to make me feel lonely, but when I found someone who actually cared about me, it became natural to share how I felt with him and that contributed to(带来) my ability to overcome troublesome situation.   (37)  . Although talking to strangers about your problems may seem crazy, it actually isn't.       (38)        It is said that running away from your problems will never help, and though that is partially(部分地) true, it doesn't mean that you need to go so deeply in a situation that you run out of air to breathe and lose the ability to make your choices. It is why it's important to separate yourself from a situation long enough to think clearly.     Remind yourself that you are not alone     Regardless of who or what you depend on, you need to remind yourself that you are not alone; you have people who do care.   (39)   Sometimes it's strangers who may share the same feeling as you do. Think about it—you may not know any readers personally but they could be in the exact same situation as you, so in fact, no one is truly alone.     Accept the results and get support again       (40)   Whether the results of your choices proved to be helpful or not, it's time for you to accept them and get support. This time you have a new experience to add to your book of life so the next time something tries to knock you down, it won't be easy because you will be strong and determined to push forward. A.Tell yourself to accept the hardship. B.Finally, it's time to accept what has happened. C.Here are some things I've tried just to help me believe in a brighter future and get over a tough situation. D.Separate yourself from the situation. E.All in all, remember that life is short. F.Not only did I speak to him about how I felt, but I decided to blog(写博客) about it. G.Even if it's just one person, that's enough to give you reasons to remind yourself that you will never truly be alone. 第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分 30分) 第一节：完形填空(共15小题;每小题 1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。  As a child, I was convinced that a career in health was for me. I dreamed of creating pioneering  (41)   to treat patients all around the world. But as the years progressed, my  (42)   seemed unattainable. It was hard to see myself in a field where few people from my background were  (43)   , since I was one of the only Black students in my STEM courses. I wanted to become both a(n)  (44)   and a surgeon. As a first-generation student, I also struggled to find guidance on how to reach my career goal. But my undergraduate advisers were  (45)   and suggested I focus on one field. These experiences left me  (46)   my plans. But things changed after I started rowing. I  (47)   joined my collegeˈs boat club just to expand my social circle. Rowing suffers from the same lack of  (48)   as biomedical research, with very few Black women rowers. When I joined the boat club, I was very nervous—the same feeling I experienced in science. I assumed rowing was demanding. Luckily, my fellow rowers  (49)   me, who not only gave me guidance to improve my  (50)  , but made me feel valued. Thus, I now  (51)   the fact Iˈm already doing what once appeared impossible when Iˈm having my doubts about  (52)   in science. Rowing also helped me develop discipline and a new approach for tackling difficult tasks. I also began to use a strategy of rowing in my PhD: viewing my  (53)    experiments as many simple goals. Instead of giving in to the fear of  (54)   , I focused on how to ensure each step was successful. Over time, Iˈve found a new level of  (55)  —both on the water and in the lab. 41.A. systems B. styles C. facilities D. cures 42.A. ambition B. fantasy C. effort D. exploration 43.A. spotted B. represented C. rewarded D. charged 44.A. inventor B. instructor C. researcher D. rower 45.A. frustrated B. opposed C. refreshed D. motivated 46.A. canceling B. ignoring C. suspecting D. updating 47.A. initially B. smoothly C. secretly D. eagerly 48.A. inspiration B. respect C. tolerance D. diversity 49.A. promoted B. accepted C. forgave D. persuaded 50.A. adaptability B. productivity C. mood D. technique 51.A. reflect on B. put forward C. account for D. look into 52.A. belonging B. meaning C. suffering D. training 53.A. vital B. innovative C. complex D. permanent 54.A. discontent B. disharmony C. inflexibility D. incompetence 55.A. peace B. confidence C. sympathy D. balance 第二节：语篇语法填空(10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In early 1976, Mau Piailug, a fisherman, led an expedition     (56)        he sailed a traditional Polynesian boat across 2,500 miles of ocean from Hawaii to Tahiti. The Polynesian Voyaging Society had organised    (57)    expedition. Its purpose was      (58)    (find) out if sailors in the distant past could have found their way from one island to the other without navigational    (59)         (instrument), or whether the islands had been populated      (60)    accident. At the time, Mau was the only man alive who knew how to navigate just by     (61)    (observe) the stars, the wind and the sea. He understood how the wind and the sea behave around islands, so he was      (62)    (confidence) he could find his way. The voyage took him and his crew a month to complete and he did it without a compass or charts.The voyage proved that Hawaiiˈs first inhabitants came in small boats and navigated by reading the sea and the stars. Mau      (63)   (he) became a keen teacher, passing on his      (64)    (tradition) secrets to people of other cultures so that his knowledge would not      (65)    (lose). He explained the positions of the stars to his students, but he allowed them to write things down because he knew they would never be able to remember everything as he had done. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分 15 分) 66.假定你是李华，英语老师安排你今天做课前演讲，你打算谈谈如何应对逆境，内容要点如下： (1)面对逆境的态度； (2) 举例说明(中国古代或现代名人)； (3) 简要介绍人物面临的逆境； (4) 你的感受或启发。 (5) 恰当过渡 完美成文 (请利用恰当的过渡衔接词汇，如 furthermore, unfortunately 等)，词数100个左右。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           第二节 读后续写 (满分 25 分) 67.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。词数150左右，续写部分分为两段，每段开头已为你写好。 I had a very peaceful childhood and I mostly ignored the fact that my elder sister was different. She got "Asperger Syndrome" (社交困难症). It turned my parents' world upside down - but they never let it affect me. My parents worked very hard at ensuring that everything seemed pleasant and quiet for me. It was only at the age of ten that I started to notice the differences and became aware of my social life and self-image that I had carefully built up. My sister on the other hand, was socially awkward. She could not look at people in the eye. She would whisper to herself and repeat the words she had just said. However, she was academically capable, so we attended the same primary school. Despite this, I never admitted in public that she was my sister. However, there was one incident that changed how I viewed my sister and changed me. Being in primary six, about to graduate, my sister and her classmates had to put on a performance, whether in a group, or on their own. Because she failed to join others, she was the only one left without a group. The school had made it a must for everyone to perform, so my sister had to do it by herself. "I'll sing," my sister told my parents, somewhat confidently. Hearing that, I was completely shocked. How could my sister who was socially awkward, sing in front of the school? I knew so very well that if I allowed this to happen, she would embarrass me. "No!" I protested. My parents shot me a look and I knew my sister was going to perform anyway, and I was going to be part of the audience watching her. Silently, I wished that something would happen and I would not have to watch my sister lose face. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。 On the day of performance, I sat in the hall. _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ I felt relaxed and appreciated it with excitement. _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ 第1页，共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $