Unit 2 课时2 Reading 1（分层作业）英语新教材译林版九年级下册

Unit 2 Great people 课时2 Reading 1 分层作业 参考答案 核心知识速记 词汇：challenging；contribution；found；satellite；vital；generation 句型： 1. After going through / Having gone through 2. It took 3. played a vital role 4. paved the way for 一、单词默写 1. admire 2. attack 3. bomb 4. motherland 5. proudly 6. respect 二、词组默写 1. return to one's motherland 2. take on a difficult task 3. pass away 4. pave the way for 5. put... before... 6. space technology 三、 根据要求完成句子 1. Despite / In spite of 2. contribution to 3. It took; to finish/complete 4. is honoured as 一、语法填空 1. grew 2. graduating 3. developing 4. which/that 5. but 二、选词填空 1. passed away 2. go through 3. set the stage for 4. made his way 5. take on 一、完形填空 1.B 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.C 6.A 7.C 8.D 9.A 10.B 二、阅读理解 1.B 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.C 三、首字母填空 1.chose 2.little 3.difference 4.herself 5.dreams 6.if 7.creative 8.grow 9.their 10.inspired 一、完形填空 1.A 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.B 8.A 9.C 10.C 二、阅读理解 1.B 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.C ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Unit 2 Great people 课时2 Reading 1 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 ( 词汇 ___________ adj. 具有挑战性的 ___________ n . 贡献 ___________ v . 创立，创建 ___________ n . 卫星 ___________ adj . 至关重要的 ___________ n. 一代，一辈 句型 1. ______________________ many difficulties, he finally returned to his homeland. 经历许多困难后，他最终回到了祖国。 2. ______________________ Qian and his team less than 15 years to develop the first rockets. 钱学森和他的团队花了不到 15 年研发首批火箭。 3. Qian ______________________ in China's space technology development. 钱学森在中国航天技术发展中发挥了至关重要的作用。 4. His work ______________________ China's later space missions. 他的工作为中国后续的太空任务奠定了基础。 ) 一、单词默写 ( 6 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. ________ v. 钦佩，仰慕 2. ________ v. 攻击，袭击 3. ________ n. 炸弹 4. ________ n. 祖国 5. ________ adv. 自豪地 6. ________ v./n. 尊重 二、词组默写 1. 回到祖国 _______________________ 2. 承担艰巨的任务 _______________________ 3. 去世 _______________________ 4. 为……铺平道路 _______________________ 5. 把……放在……之前 _______________________ 6. 航天技术 _______________________ 三、根据要求完成句子 1. 尽管身居海外，他始终心系祖国。 ______________________ living abroad, he always cared about his motherland. 2. 这位科学家为国家的发展做出了巨大贡献。 The scientist made a great ______________________ the country's development. 3. 他们花了十年时间完成了这个项目。 ______________________ them ten years ______________________ the project. 4. 他被誉为 “中国航天之父”。 He ______________________ "Father of China's Space Technology". 一、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Zhang Tao is a young engineer who works for China's space programme. He 1. ______ (grow) up listening to stories of great scientists like Qian Xuesen. When he was a little boy, he showed great interest in rockets and satellites. After 2. ______ (graduate) from university, he decided to devote himself to 3. ______ (develop) space technology. Now he is a member of a team 4. ______ is working on a new rocket project. He says the job is challenging, 5. ______ it is worth all the effort. 二、选词填空 从方框中选择合适的短语，用其适当形式填空（每个短语限用一次） A. go through B. take on C. set the stage for D. pass away E. make one's way 1. The famous scientist ______ last month at the age of 98. 2. We should be brave when we ______ difficulties in our study and life. 3. The success of the first man-made satellite ______ China's deep space exploration. 4. After the meeting, he ______ back to his office to continue his work. 5. She decided to ______ the difficult task to help improve the local education. 一、完形填空 Last summer, I joined a space science camp in our city. I was so 1 that I could get close to real rocket models and talk with space engineers. On the first day, we visited a space museum. A guide told us about the 2 of China's space industry. From the first satellite to the space station, every achievement was 3 by countless scientists' hard work. I was deeply moved by their spirit. The next day, we had a 4 rocket launch experiment. We worked in groups to build a small model rocket. At first, I was not confident 5 I had never done any handwork before. But my teammates encouraged me, and we 6 every detail carefully. When the countdown started, my heart beat fast. "Three, two, one, launch!" The rocket 7 into the sky with a soft sound. We all cheered loudly. 8 it only flew a few meters, we felt a strong sense of pride. In the following days, we learned about space food, spacesuits and the life of astronauts. We also had a chance to 9 a real astronaut online. He told us that success never comes easily, and we need to keep trying 10 we achieve our goals. This camp not only let me learn more about space science, but also taught me the importance of teamwork and persistence. 1. A. bored B. excited C. nervous D. calm 2. A. history B. future C. cost D. risk 3. A. avoided B. doubted C. achieved D. forgotten 4. A. dangerous B. simple C. strange D. cruel 5. A. so B. although C. because D. until 6. A. checked B. changed C. created D. caught 7. A. fell B. jumped C. rose D. ran 8. A. Because B. If C. When D. Though 9. A. interview B. invite C. instruct D. introduce 10. A. after B. until C. since D. unless 二、阅读理解 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 China's Tiangong Space Station is a milestone in the country's space exploration. It was built step by step and completed in late 2022. The station is about 400 kilometers above the Earth, and it travels around our planet every 90 minutes. The space station has three main parts: the Tianhe core module, the Wentian lab module and the Mengtian lab module. The Tianhe module is the control center of the whole station. It provides living space for astronauts, with bedrooms, a dining area and exercise equipment. The two lab modules are for scientific experiments. They support research in many fields, such as biology, medicine and material science. Astronauts usually stay in the station for six months. They carry out different experiments every day. Some experiments study how plants grow in space, while others test new medical treatments. The results of these experiments can help improve life on Earth. For example, space-grown rice has higher quality and can produce more food. The space station also opens up chances for international cooperation. Scientists from many countries have sent their experiments to Tiangong. It has become a platform for the world to explore space together. Looking ahead, China will continue to improve the space station. More modules may be added in the future, and more scientific tasks will be carried out. Tiangong is not only a pride of China, but also a shared treasure for all human beings. 1. How long does it take the space station to go around the Earth once? A. 400 minutes. B. 90 minutes. C. 60 minutes. D. 24 hours. 2. What is the function of the Tianhe core module? A. It is the main control and living area. B. It is only for doing medical experiments. C. It produces food for astronauts. D. It carries out international cooperation. 3. According to Paragraph 3, why are space experiments important? A. They can help astronauts stay longer in space. B. They can improve people's life on Earth. C. They can make the space station bigger. D. They can replace all research on Earth. 4. What does the underlined word "milestone" in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A. A special stone in space. B. An important event or achievement. C. A very long journey. D. A kind of lab module. 5. What is the best title for the passage? A. How Astronauts Live in Space B. Scientific Experiments in Space C. China's Tiangong Space Station D. International Space Cooperation 三、首字母填空 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。 Li Mei is a science teacher in a mountain village school. She graduated from a top university a few years ago, but she c 1____ to go back to her hometown instead of working in big cities. When she first arrived, the school had no proper science labs and the students knew l 2____ about the outside world. Many children had never seen a real telescope or robot model. Li Mei decided to make a d 3____. She used her own money to buy some basic science tools. She also collected waste materials to make teaching aids by h 4____. Every afternoon, she held a science club for the students. They did simple experiments, watched science videos and talked about their d 5____. Li Mei often tells stories of great scientists to her students. She wants them to know that anyone can make a contribution to science i 6____ they work hard. She especially encourages girls to study science, because she believes girls can be just as c 7____ as boys. Last year, three of her students won prizes in a national youth science competition. The children became more confident and interested in learning. Many of them say they want to be scientists or engineers when they g 8____ up. Li Mei says her work is not easy, but it is very meaningful. "These children are the future of the village. I just want to light a spark of curiosity in t 9____ hearts," she says. Her story has i 10____ many young teachers to work in rural areas. 一、完形填空 （2025・江苏南京中考） According to several recent surveys, some people fear public speaking more than anything else. 1. ____, this fear can be overcome with two simple methods: practice and using positive energy from the audience. Practicing for a speech is essential. 2. ____ the task of writing the speech is complete, speakers must practice, practice, practice. The more times they practice the speech, the more 3. ____ they are discussing the topic. Using 4. ____ such as mirrors or video recordings as they practice can show speakers what they look and sound like to the audience. Video is particularly helpful as it can be 5. ____ many times, with the presenters focusing on one part at a time. Another 6. ____ of dealing with public speaking fears is using the audience's positive energy. Speakers need to remember that the audience wants them to 7. ____. Something as basic as a small nod or a smile from a member of the audience should give 8. ____ to the presenters behind the podium. While it is easy for nervous speakers to focus only on getting through the presentation, using the audience's 9. ____ will help much in making a speech better. In a word, these two methods are 10. ____ to help people overcome their fear of public speaking. 1. A. Luckily B. Suddenly C. Finally D. Usually 2. A. Unless B. After C. Until D. Before 3. A. nervous B. worried C. comfortable D. difficult 4. A. objects B. activities C. signs D. instructions 5. A. found out B. watched C. put up D. expected 6. A. cause B. problem C. way D. example 7. A. fail B. succeed C. agree D. regret 8. A. confidence B. pressure C. surprise D. danger 9. A. weak B. strong C. kind D. poor 10. A. unlikely B. unable C. certain D. impossible 二、阅读理解 （2025・江苏苏州中考） A medical breakthrough in China is giving new hope to people with spinal cord injuries. Scientists have created a brain-spinal chip that allows paralyzed patients to move their legs, and even walk again. The chip, only 1mm wide, is designed to be fitted into the brain and spinal cord. If the natural communication between the brain and muscles is lost, this chip becomes the bridge. When the chips work, they create a direct connection between the brain and muscles. The results have been amazing. A 34-year-old man, paralyzed after a fall, could move his legs just one day after the operation on January 8, 2025. Two weeks later, he walked five meters with help. Three other patients had similar operations in February and March, all getting better within weeks. Even though the patients' nervous systems were damaged, the chips helped them walk again. This marks a big step in China's progress in medical science and it brings hope for over 3.7 million people in China. "This is just the beginning," Jia, the lead researcher, says. "With the technology, these people may one day leave wheelchairs behind after 3 to 5 years of training." Behind this achievement is a long journey of careful research and bold thinking. It took the researchers over 10 years to develop the chip. They tested it on animals first, and then on people. They faced many challenges, yet they never gave up. Step by step, they developed a system to reconnect the mind and body in ways once appearing only in science fiction. 1. What is the function of the brain-spinal chip? A. To cure all kinds of diseases. B. To help paralyzed people walk again. C. To improve people's memory. D. To replace the damaged spinal cord. 2. How soon could the 34-year-old patient move his legs after the operation? A. One day. B. One week. C. Two weeks. D. One month. 3. How many patients are mentioned in the passage? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six. 4. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. The chip was invented by accident. B. The research was easy and smooth. C. The researchers worked hard for many years. D. The technology is widely used now. 5. What is the writer's attitude towards this technology? A. Doubtful. B. Worried. C. Hopeful. D. Bored. $Unit 2 Great people 课时2 Reading 1 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 ( 词汇 challenging adj. 具有挑战性的 contribution n . 贡献 found v . 创立，创建 satellite n . 卫星 vital adj . 至关重要的 generation n. 一代，一辈 句型 1. After going through / Having gone through many difficulties, he finally returned to his homeland. 经历许多困难后，他最终回到了祖国。 2. It took Qian and his team less than 15 years to develop the first rockets. 钱学森和他的团队花了不到 15 年研发首批火箭。 3. Qian played a vital role in China's space technology development. 钱学森在中国航天技术发展中发挥了至关重要的作用。 4. His work paved the way for China's later space missions. 他的工作为中国后续的太空任务奠定了基础。 ) 一、单词默写 ( 6 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. ________ v. 钦佩，仰慕 2. ________ v. 攻击，袭击 3. ________ n. 炸弹 4. ________ n. 祖国 5. ________ adv. 自豪地 6. ________ v./n. 尊重 【答案】1. admire 2. attack 3. bomb 4. motherland 5. proudly 6. respect 二、词组默写 1. 回到祖国 _______________________ 2. 承担艰巨的任务 _______________________ 3. 去世 _______________________ 4. 为……铺平道路 _______________________ 5. 把……放在……之前 _______________________ 6. 航天技术 _______________________ 【答案】1. return to one's motherland 2. take on a difficult task 3. pass away 4. pave the way for 5. put... before... 6. space technology 三、根据要求完成句子 1. 尽管身居海外，他始终心系祖国。 ______________________ living abroad, he always cared about his motherland. 【答案】Despite / In spite of 【解析】句意：尽管身居海外，他始终心系祖国。本句考查让步介词的用法，despite /in spite of 后接动名词短语 living abroad，构成让步状语，符合句子结构。 2. 这位科学家为国家的发展做出了巨大贡献。 The scientist made a great ______________________ the country's development. 【答案】contribution to 【解析】句意：这位科学家为国家的发展做出了巨大贡献。本句考查固定搭配 make a contribution to，意为 “为…… 做出贡献”，其中 to 为介词，后接名词短语。 3. 他们花了十年时间完成了这个项目。 ______________________ them ten years ______________________ the project. 【答案】It took; to finish/complete 【解析】句意：他们花了十年时间完成了这个项目。本句考查固定句型 It takes sb. some time to do sth.，it 作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式；句子描述过去事件，用一般过去时 took。 4. 他被誉为 “中国航天之父”。 He ______________________ "Father of China's Space Technology". 【答案】is honoured as 【解析】句意：他被誉为 “中国航天之父”。本句考查固定搭配 be honoured as，意为 “被誉为……”；主语 He 为单数，描述客观称号用一般现在时。 一、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Zhang Tao is a young engineer who works for China's space programme. He 1. ______ (grow) up listening to stories of great scientists like Qian Xuesen. When he was a little boy, he showed great interest in rockets and satellites. After 2. ______ (graduate) from university, he decided to devote himself to 3. ______ (develop) space technology. Now he is a member of a team 4. ______ is working on a new rocket project. He says the job is challenging, 5. ______ it is worth all the effort. 【答案】1. grew 2. graduating 3. developing 4. which/that 5. but 【解析】本文围绕年轻航天工程师张涛的成长经历展开，讲述他受钱学森等科学家影响、投身航天事业的故事，考查时态、非谓语动词、定语从句与连词的综合运用。 1. 句意：他是听着钱学森等伟大科学家的故事长大的。解析：描述过去的成长经历，用一般过去时，grow 的过去式为 grew。原文依据：He 1. ______ (grow) up listening to stories of great scientists like Qian Xuesen. 2. 句意：大学毕业后，他决定投身于航天技术研发。解析：after 为介词，后接动名词形式，graduate 的动名词为 graduating。原文依据：After 2. ______ (graduate) from university, he decided to devote himself to... 3. 句意：大学毕业后，他决定投身于航天技术研发。解析：固定搭配 devote oneself to doing sth. 意为 “投身于做某事”，to 为介词，后接动名词 developing。原文依据：devote himself to 3. ______ (develop) space technology. 4. 句意：现在他是一个研发新型火箭项目的团队成员。解析：本句为定语从句，先行词 team 指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用 which 或 that。原文依据：a member of a team 4. ______ is working on a new rocket project. 5. 句意：他说这份工作很有挑战性，但所有的付出都是值得的。解析：前后分句为转折关系，用连词 but 连接。原文依据：the job is challenging, 5. ______ it is worth all the effort. 二、选词填空 从方框中选择合适的短语，用其适当形式填空（每个短语限用一次） A. go through B. take on C. set the stage for D. pass away E. make one's way 1. The famous scientist ______ last month at the age of 98. 2. We should be brave when we ______ difficulties in our study and life. 3. The success of the first man-made satellite ______ China's deep space exploration. 4. After the meeting, he ______ back to his office to continue his work. 5. She decided to ______ the difficult task to help improve the local education. 【答案】1. passed away 2. go through 3. sets the stage for 4. made his way 5. take on 【解析】本题考查单元核心动词短语的语境运用，要求根据句子时态与逻辑选择合适短语并变形，覆盖一般过去时、一般现在时等时态的用法。 1. 句意：这位著名的科学家上个月去世了，享年 98 岁。解析：根据时间状语 last month 可知用一般过去时；结合 “享年 98 岁” 的语境，选 pass away，过去式为 passed away。原文依据：The famous scientist ______ last month at the age of 98. 2. 句意：当我们在学习和生活中经历困难时，应该勇敢面对。解析：时间状语从句用一般现在时表将来，主语为 we，谓语用原形；结合 “困难” 的语境，选 go through，意为 “经历”。原文依据：We should be brave when we ______ difficulties in our study and life. 3. 句意：第一颗人造卫星的成功为中国的深空探索奠定了基础。解析：主语 The success 为单数，描述客观事实用一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数；结合语境选 set the stage for，意为 “为…… 铺平道路 / 奠定基础”，第三人称单数形式为 sets the stage for。原文依据：The success of the first man-made satellite ______ China's deep space exploration. 4. 句意：会议结束后，他返回办公室继续工作。解析：描述过去的动作，用一般过去时；结合 “返回办公室” 的语境，选 make one's way，对应主语 he，变为 made his way。原文依据：After the meeting, he ______ back to his office to continue his work. 5. 句意：她决定承担这项艰巨的任务，助力改善当地的教育状况。解析：固定搭配 decide to do sth. 后接动词原形；结合 “艰巨的任务” 的语境，选 take on，意为 “承担”。原文依据：She decided to ______ the difficult task to help improve the local education. 一、完形填空 Last summer, I joined a space science camp in our city. I was so 1 that I could get close to real rocket models and talk with space engineers. On the first day, we visited a space museum. A guide told us about the 2 of China's space industry. From the first satellite to the space station, every achievement was 3 by countless scientists' hard work. I was deeply moved by their spirit. The next day, we had a 4 rocket launch experiment. We worked in groups to build a small model rocket. At first, I was not confident 5 I had never done any handwork before. But my teammates encouraged me, and we 6 every detail carefully. When the countdown started, my heart beat fast. "Three, two, one, launch!" The rocket 7 into the sky with a soft sound. We all cheered loudly. 8 it only flew a few meters, we felt a strong sense of pride. In the following days, we learned about space food, spacesuits and the life of astronauts. We also had a chance to 9 a real astronaut online. He told us that success never comes easily, and we need to keep trying 10 we achieve our goals. This camp not only let me learn more about space science, but also taught me the importance of teamwork and persistence. 1. A. bored B. excited C. nervous D. calm 2. A. history B. future C. cost D. risk 3. A. avoided B. doubted C. achieved D. forgotten 4. A. dangerous B. simple C. strange D. cruel 5. A. so B. although C. because D. until 6. A. checked B. changed C. created D. caught 7. A. fell B. jumped C. rose D. ran 8. A. Because B. If C. When D. Though 9. A. interview B. invite C. instruct D. introduce 10. A. after B. until C. since D. unless 【答案】1.B 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.C 6.A 7.C 8.D 9.A 10.B 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者参加太空科学夏令营的经历，通过参观博物馆、制作火箭模型、连线宇航员等活动，收获了航天知识，也领悟到团队合作与坚持的重要性。 1. 句意：我能近距离接触真实的火箭模型，还能和航天工程师交流，感到非常兴奋。解析：结合后文活动的积极体验，excited（兴奋的）符合作者的心情；bored 无聊的，nervous 紧张的，calm 平静的，均不符合语境。原文依据：I was so 1 that I could get close to real rocket models and talk with space engineers. 2. 句意：一位导游给我们讲述了中国航天事业的历史。解析：根据后文 “从第一颗卫星到空间站” 的时间线，可知讲述的是发展历史，history（历史）符合语境；future 未来，cost 成本，risk 风险，均不符合。原文依据：A guide told us about the 2 of China's space industry. 3. 句意：从第一颗卫星到空间站，每一项成就都是无数科学家的努力换来的。解析：achievement 与 achieve 构成被动关系，be achieved by 意为 “由…… 实现 / 达成”；avoid 避免，doubt 怀疑，forget 忘记，均不符合逻辑。原文依据：every achievement was 3 by countless scientists' hard work. 4. 句意：第二天，我们做了一个简易的火箭发射实验。解析：根据后文 “制作小型模型火箭” 可知是简单的实验，simple（简单的）符合语境；dangerous 危险的，strange 奇怪的，cruel 残酷的，均不符合。原文依据：The next day, we had a 4 rocket launch experiment. 5. 句意：一开始我不太自信，因为我以前从没做过手工。解析：前后分句是因果关系，前果后因，用 because 引导原因状语从句；so 表结果，although 表让步，until 表时间，均不符合逻辑。原文依据：At first, I was not confident 5 I had never done any handwork before. 6. 句意：但我的队友们鼓励我，我们仔细检查了每一个细节。解析：结合制作火箭的场景，check（检查）细节符合逻辑；change 改变，create 创造，catch 抓住，均不符合语境。原文依据：we 6 every detail carefully. 7. 句意：火箭伴着轻微的声响升上了天空。解析：火箭发射是向上升起，rise（上升）符合动作逻辑，过去式为 rose；fall 掉落，jump 跳跃，run 奔跑，均不符合火箭发射的状态。原文依据：The rocket 7 into the sky with a soft sound. 8. 句意：虽然它只飞了几米，但我们感到了强烈的自豪感。解析：前后分句为让步关系，用 though（尽管）引导；because 表原因，if 表条件，when 表时间，均不符合逻辑。原文依据：8 it only flew a few meters, we felt a strong sense of pride. 9. 句意：我们还有机会在线采访一位真正的宇航员。解析：结合后文宇航员分享经历的语境，interview（采访）符合场景；invite 邀请，instruct 指导，introduce 介绍，均不符合 “在线交流、听取分享” 的语境。原文依据：We also had a chance to 9 a real astronaut online. 10. 句意：他告诉我们，成功来之不易，我们要不断努力，直到实现目标。解析：until（直到）引导时间状语从句，表动作持续到目标达成；after 在…… 之后，since 自从，unless 除非，均不符合语境。原文依据：we need to keep trying 10 we achieve our goals. 二、阅读理解 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 China's Tiangong Space Station is a milestone in the country's space exploration. It was built step by step and completed in late 2022. The station is about 400 kilometers above the Earth, and it travels around our planet every 90 minutes. The space station has three main parts: the Tianhe core module, the Wentian lab module and the Mengtian lab module. The Tianhe module is the control center of the whole station. It provides living space for astronauts, with bedrooms, a dining area and exercise equipment. The two lab modules are for scientific experiments. They support research in many fields, such as biology, medicine and material science. Astronauts usually stay in the station for six months. They carry out different experiments every day. Some experiments study how plants grow in space, while others test new medical treatments. The results of these experiments can help improve life on Earth. For example, space-grown rice has higher quality and can produce more food. The space station also opens up chances for international cooperation. Scientists from many countries have sent their experiments to Tiangong. It has become a platform for the world to explore space together. Looking ahead, China will continue to improve the space station. More modules may be added in the future, and more scientific tasks will be carried out. Tiangong is not only a pride of China, but also a shared treasure for all human beings. 1. How long does it take the space station to go around the Earth once? A. 400 minutes. B. 90 minutes. C. 60 minutes. D. 24 hours. 2. What is the function of the Tianhe core module? A. It is the main control and living area. B. It is only for doing medical experiments. C. It produces food for astronauts. D. It carries out international cooperation. 3. According to Paragraph 3, why are space experiments important? A. They can help astronauts stay longer in space. B. They can improve people's life on Earth. C. They can make the space station bigger. D. They can replace all research on Earth. 4. What does the underlined word "milestone" in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A. A special stone in space. B. An important event or achievement. C. A very long journey. D. A kind of lab module. 5. What is the best title for the passage? A. How Astronauts Live in Space B. Scientific Experiments in Space C. China's Tiangong Space Station D. International Space Cooperation 【答案】1.B 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国天宫空间站的建设历程、结构组成、科研价值与国际意义，指出天宫空间站不仅是中国的骄傲，也是全人类的共同财富。 1. 细节理解题 根据第一段 “it travels around our planet every 90 minutes” 可知，空间站绕地球一圈需要 90 分钟，故选 B。 2. 细节理解题 根据第二段 “The Tianhe module is the control center of the whole station. It provides living space for astronauts” 可知，天和核心舱是空间站的控制中心，同时提供居住空间，是主控与生活区域，故选 A。 3. 细节理解题 根据第三段 “The results of these experiments can help improve life on Earth” 可知，太空实验的重要性在于能改善地球人类的生活，故选 B。 4. 词义猜测题 根据后文介绍空间站的建成与重大意义，可推断 milestone 意为 “里程碑，重要的成就”，与 an important event or achievement 含义一致，故选 B。 5. 主旨大意题 全文围绕中国天宫空间站展开，介绍其结构、功能、价值与未来发展，C 项可统领全文核心；A、B、D 均为文章局部内容，不能概括全文主旨。 三、首字母填空 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。 Li Mei is a science teacher in a mountain village school. She graduated from a top university a few years ago, but she c 1____ to go back to her hometown instead of working in big cities. When she first arrived, the school had no proper science labs and the students knew l 2____ about the outside world. Many children had never seen a real telescope or robot model. Li Mei decided to make a d 3____. She used her own money to buy some basic science tools. She also collected waste materials to make teaching aids by h 4____. Every afternoon, she held a science club for the students. They did simple experiments, watched science videos and talked about their d 5____. Li Mei often tells stories of great scientists to her students. She wants them to know that anyone can make a contribution to science i 6____ they work hard. She especially encourages girls to study science, because she believes girls can be just as c 7____ as boys. Last year, three of her students won prizes in a national youth science competition. The children became more confident and interested in learning. Many of them say they want to be scientists or engineers when they g 8____ up. Li Mei says her work is not easy, but it is very meaningful. "These children are the future of the village. I just want to light a spark of curiosity in t 9____ hearts," she says. Her story has i 10____ many young teachers to work in rural areas. 【答案】1.chose 2.little 3.difference 4.herself 5.dreams 6.if 7.creative 8.grow 9.their 10.inspired 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了山村科学老师李梅放弃大城市工作，回乡用自身力量为孩子点燃科学梦想的故事，赞美了她的奉献精神与教育情怀。 1. 句意：几年前她毕业于一所顶尖大学，但她选择回到家乡，而不是在大城市工作。解析：描述过去的选择，用一般过去时；结合首字母 c，填 chose，意为 “选择”。 2. 句意：她刚到的时候，学校没有像样的科学实验室，学生们对外面的世界知之甚少。解析：修饰动词 knew 用副词；结合 “没见过望远镜、机器人” 的语境，说明了解很少，结合首字母 l，填 little，意为 “很少”。 3. 句意：李梅决定做出改变。解析：固定搭配 make a difference 意为 “有影响，做出改变”；结合首字母 d，填 difference。 4. 句意：她还收集废品，自己制作教具。解析：固定搭配 by oneself 意为 “独自，靠自己”；主语是 she，对应反身代词 herself，结合首字母 h，填 herself。 5. 句意：他们做简单的实验、看科普视频，还谈论自己的梦想。解析：形容词性物主代词 their 后接名词复数；结合 “山村孩子的科学向往” 的语境，结合首字母 d，填 dreams，意为 “梦想”。 6. 句意：她想让孩子们知道，只要努力，任何人都能为科学做贡献。解析：后半句是前半句的条件，if（如果）引导条件状语从句；结合首字母 i，填 if。 7. 句意：她特别鼓励女孩学科学，因为她相信女孩能和男孩一样有创造力。解析：as...as 中间接形容词原级；结合 “科学领域的能力” 的语境，结合首字母 c，填 creative，意为 “有创造力的”。 8. 句意：很多孩子说，他们长大后想当科学家或工程师。解析：固定搭配 grow up 意为 “长大”；时间状语从句用一般现在时表将来，主语是 they，谓语用原形；结合首字母 g，填 grow。 9. 句意：我只想在他们心中点燃好奇的火花。解析：修饰名词 hearts 用形容词性物主代词；对应 children，结合首字母 t，填 their，意为 “他们的”。 10. 句意：她的故事激励了很多年轻老师去乡村工作。解析：本句为现在完成时 has + 过去分词；结合 “榜样的带动作用” 的语境，结合首字母 i，填 inspired，意为 “激励”。 一、完形填空 （2025・江苏南京中考） According to several recent surveys, some people fear public speaking more than anything else. 1. ____, this fear can be overcome with two simple methods: practice and using positive energy from the audience. Practicing for a speech is essential. 2. ____ the task of writing the speech is complete, speakers must practice, practice, practice. The more times they practice the speech, the more 3. ____ they are discussing the topic. Using 4. ____ such as mirrors or video recordings as they practice can show speakers what they look and sound like to the audience. Video is particularly helpful as it can be 5. ____ many times, with the presenters focusing on one part at a time. Another 6. ____ of dealing with public speaking fears is using the audience's positive energy. Speakers need to remember that the audience wants them to 7. ____. Something as basic as a small nod or a smile from a member of the audience should give 8. ____ to the presenters behind the podium. While it is easy for nervous speakers to focus only on getting through the presentation, using the audience's 9. ____ will help much in making a speech better. In a word, these two methods are 10. ____ to help people overcome their fear of public speaking. 1. A. Luckily B. Suddenly C. Finally D. Usually 2. A. Unless B. After C. Until D. Before 3. A. nervous B. worried C. comfortable D. difficult 4. A. objects B. activities C. signs D. instructions 5. A. found out B. watched C. put up D. expected 6. A. cause B. problem C. way D. example 7. A. fail B. succeed C. agree D. regret 8. A. confidence B. pressure C. surprise D. danger 9. A. weak B. strong C. kind D. poor 10. A. unlikely B. unable C. certain D. impossible 【答案】1.A 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.B 8.A 9.C 10.C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了克服公开演讲恐惧的两种方法 —— 反复练习和借助观众的积极反馈，条理清晰地给出了实用建议。 1. 句意：幸运的是，这种恐惧可以通过两种简单的方法克服：练习和利用观众的积极能量。解析：前文说人们最怕公开演讲，后文说有方法可以克服，是积极的转机，Luckily（幸运的是）符合语境；Suddenly 突然，Finally 最终，Usually 通常，均不符合。原文依据：1. ____, this fear can be overcome with two simple methods... 2. 句意：写演讲稿的任务完成后，演讲者必须反复练习。解析：练习的动作发生在写完稿子之后，After（在…… 之后）符合逻辑；Unless 除非，Until 直到，Before 在…… 之前，均不符合动作顺序。原文依据：2. ____ the task of writing the speech is complete, speakers must practice... 3. 句意：他们练习的次数越多，讨论话题时就越自如。解析：the more...the more... 结构，结合 “多练习就更熟练” 的逻辑，comfortable（自在的、自如的）符合语境；nervous 紧张的，worried 担忧的，difficult 困难的，均不符合正向结果。原文依据：The more times they practice the speech, the more 3. ____ they are discussing the topic. 4. 句意：练习时使用镜子、录像等物品，可以让演讲者看到自己在观众眼中的样子、听到自己的声音。解析：mirrors 和 video recordings 都属于物品，objects（物品）符合分类；activities 活动，signs 标志，instructions 说明，均不符合。原文依据：Using 4. ____ such as mirrors or video recordings as they practice... 5. 句意：录像尤其有用，因为它可以反复观看，演讲者可以一次专注一个部分。解析：video 对应的动作是观看，watched（观看）符合被动语态的语境；found out 查明，put up 张贴，expected 期待，均不符合。原文依据：Video is particularly helpful as it can be 5. ____ many times... 6. 句意：另一个应对演讲恐惧的方法是利用观众的积极能量。解析：前文讲了第一种方法 practice，此处讲第二种方法，way（方法）符合语境；cause 原因，problem 问题，example 例子，均不符合。原文依据：Another 6. ____ of dealing with public speaking fears is using the audience's positive energy. 7. 句意：演讲者需要记住，观众是希望他们成功的。解析：结合后文 “点头、微笑都是正向反馈”，可知观众期待演讲成功，succeed（成功）符合语境；fail 失败，agree 同意，regret 后悔，均不符合。原文依据：the audience wants them to 7. ____. 8. 句意：观众一个点头、一个微笑这样简单的举动，都会给讲台后的演讲者带来信心。解析：正向反馈带来的是信心，confidence（信心）符合语境；pressure 压力，surprise 惊喜，danger 危险，均不符合。原文依据：a small nod or a smile from a member of the audience should give 8. ____ to the presenters... 9. 句意：虽然紧张的演讲者很容易只专注于完成演讲，但利用观众的善意会大大提升演讲效果。解析：前文的点头、微笑都属于观众的善意，kind（善意的）符合语境；weak 虚弱的，strong 强烈的，poor 贫穷的，均不符合。原文依据：using the audience's 9. ____ will help much in making a speech better. 10. 句意：总而言之，这两种方法一定能帮助人们克服公开演讲的恐惧。解析：总结全文，说明两种方法的有效性，certain（确定的、必然的）符合语境；unlikely 不太可能的，unable 不能的，impossible 不可能的，均不符合正向总结。原文依据：these two methods are 10. ____ to help people overcome their fear of public speaking. 二、阅读理解 （2025・江苏苏州中考） A medical breakthrough in China is giving new hope to people with spinal cord injuries. Scientists have created a brain-spinal chip that allows paralyzed patients to move their legs, and even walk again. The chip, only 1mm wide, is designed to be fitted into the brain and spinal cord. If the natural communication between the brain and muscles is lost, this chip becomes the bridge. When the chips work, they create a direct connection between the brain and muscles. The results have been amazing. A 34-year-old man, paralyzed after a fall, could move his legs just one day after the operation on January 8, 2025. Two weeks later, he walked five meters with help. Three other patients had similar operations in February and March, all getting better within weeks. Even though the patients' nervous systems were damaged, the chips helped them walk again. This marks a big step in China's progress in medical science and it brings hope for over 3.7 million people in China. "This is just the beginning," Jia, the lead researcher, says. "With the technology, these people may one day leave wheelchairs behind after 3 to 5 years of training." Behind this achievement is a long journey of careful research and bold thinking. It took the researchers over 10 years to develop the chip. They tested it on animals first, and then on people. They faced many challenges, yet they never gave up. Step by step, they developed a system to reconnect the mind and body in ways once appearing only in science fiction. 1. What is the function of the brain-spinal chip? A. To cure all kinds of diseases. B. To help paralyzed people walk again. C. To improve people's memory. D. To replace the damaged spinal cord. 2. How soon could the 34-year-old patient move his legs after the operation? A. One day. B. One week. C. Two weeks. D. One month. 3. How many patients are mentioned in the passage? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six. 4. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. The chip was invented by accident. B. The research was easy and smooth. C. The researchers worked hard for many years. D. The technology is widely used now. 5. What is the writer's attitude towards this technology? A. Doubtful. B. Worried. C. Hopeful. D. Bored. 【答案】1.B 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.C 【解析】本文是一篇科普说明文，介绍了中国研发的脑脊髓芯片这一医学突破，说明了其工作原理、临床效果与研发历程，指出该技术为脊髓损伤患者带来了新希望。 1. 细节理解题 根据第一段 “Scientists have created a brain-spinal chip that allows paralyzed patients to move their legs, and even walk again” 可知，脑脊髓芯片的核心作用是帮助瘫痪患者重新行走，故选 B。 2. 细节理解题 根据第三段 “A 34-year-old man... could move his legs just one day after the operation” 可知，这位患者术后一天就能活动腿部，故选 A。 3. 细节理解题 根据第三段 “A 34-year-old man... Three other patients had similar operations” 可知，文中共提到 4 位病人，故选 B。 4. 推理判断题 根据最后一段 “It took the researchers over 10 years to develop the chip... They faced many challenges, yet they never gave up” 可知，研究团队付出了多年的艰苦努力，历经挫折仍坚持研发，故选 C。 5. 观点态度题 全文围绕该技术的突破意义与应用前景展开，文中提到 “gives new hope”“marks a big step”，可见作者对这项技术持积极乐观、充满期待的态度，故选 C。 $