2027年高考英语一轮复习调研检测卷02（上海卷）

2027年高考一轮复习调研检测卷02（上海卷） 英语·参考答案 I. Grammar and vocabulary Section A (10分) 【答案】 1．had been rescued 2．whether 3．limited 4．None 5．less heavy 6．which 7．because of 8．although 9．being interviewed 10．to be trapped Section B (10分) 【答案】 11．J 12．H 13．C 14．F 15．A 16．K 17．I 18．E 19．G 20．B II. Reading Comprehension (45分) Section A (15分) 【答案】 21．B 22．D 23．D 24．A 25．B 26．C 27．C 28．A 29．A 30．D 31．B 32．B 33．C 34．D 35．C Section B (22分) Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. （A） 【答案】36．C 37．C 38．B 39．D (B) 【答案】40．D 41．B 42．A (C) 【答案】43．C 44．A 45．D 46．C Section C (8分) 【答案】47．F 48．A 49．E 50．C III. Summary Writing (10分) 【答案】To explore cognitive therapies other than pharmaceutical treatment for anxiety disorders, a university research team found mindfulness therapy helps reduce childhood anxiety significantly through increased consciousness of present feelings and body sensations. Mindfulness therapy allows patients more treatment options. With patients’ increasing demand for additional therapeutic options, the university is now working on these therapies. (55 words) IV. Translation (15分) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52． 【答案】After the heated discussion, he was credited with pioneering the way/set the precedent by everyone. 53． 【答案】Word came that all the students and teachers present expressed themselves freely at the farewell party. 54． 【答案】Although supplies of the beer are running out, the team is working on preparing more similar products. 55． 【答案】It’s obvious that knowing how much more likely a disaster is going to happen than it was 50 years ago can help with the release of the new public health policy. V. Guided Writing (25分) 56．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 【答案】Dear Members of the Student Union, I’m Jiang Haibo, a senior three student from Datong Middle School. I’m writing to share my ideas on the school’s decision to extend breaks by 15 minutes and add physical activities. For the activity arrangement, I suggest dividing the 15 minutes into two parts. The first 10 minutes can be for free sports, such as running, jumping rope and playing badminton. The last 5 minutes should be used for students to rest and prepare for the next class. There are two main reasons for this design. On one hand, senior three students are under great study pressure, and proper exercise can help us relax our bodies and relieve stress. On the other hand, short and flexible activities won’t make us tired, but can refresh our minds, enabling us to focus better on subsequent studies. I hope my suggestions will be helpful. Looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely, Jiang Haibo 2 / 22 1 / 22 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2027年高考一轮复习调研检测卷02（上海卷） 考生注意： 1.考试时间105分钟，试卷满分115分。 2.本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸 上， 做在试卷上一律不得分。 3.务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置。 I. Grammar and vocabulary Section A (10分) Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Soccer Players and Coach Rescued from Flooded Cave in Thailand Thai officials said all 12 members of a boys’ soccer team and their coach 1 (rescue) from deep inside a flooded cave in northern Thailand. A Thai Navy SEAL force announced that the remaining four boys and the coach were rescued on Tuesday. Thai and foreign divers safely led the other eight youngsters out of the cave earlier in the week. “We are not sure 2 this is a miracle, a science, or what. All 13 Wild Boars are now out of the cave. Everyone is safe,” the SEALS wrote on Facebook. The Wild Boars is the team’s name. The 12 boys and the coach went missing on June 23, when they set out to explore the Tham Luang cave after a soccer workout. British divers found them in a partly flooded passage several kilometers inside the cave on July 2. They have spent more than two weeks deep underground in cramped, dark conditions with 3 (limit) oxygen.Rainy season Monsoon (季风) rains have started falling again in Thailand. The rainfall causes water levels inside the cave to rise. Experts warned it was extremely risky to dive the youngsters out of the cave. 4 of the boys had ever dived before. Some of them do not even know how to swim. But a short period of 5 (heavy) rainfall this week made the rescue mission possible. A team of Thai and international divers guided the boys and their coach out through a nearly four-kilometer-long passageway. Two divers helped each one make his way through dark, narrow passages, some of 6 are filled with dirty water.Condition of the boys Thai Health Secretary Jesada Chokdumrongsuk told reporters earlier on Tuesday that two of the first eight rescued boys had lung infections. He added that all of them were generally healthy and in good spirits, 7 their “high immunity” from playing football. The boys are expected to leave Chiang Rai Prachanukroh Hospital on Thursday, 8 many are still on antibiotics (抗生素). They will be watched for signs of psychological distress, which may only become evident in the months to come. The boys have been advised against 9 (interview), which experts say could trigger a post-traumatic reaction. They have been advised to wear sunglasses for at least two weeks because their eyes have become accustomed to the extreme darkness. The boys’ nail-biting tragedy-turned-survival-story has been followed by millions worldwide since 23 June, when they walked into the Tham Luang cave after football practice, only 10 (trap) by monsoon floods. Section B (10分) Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．translates   B．potential   C． struggle   D．integrates   E. dominate   F. inspired   G. fade   H. decline   I. undisturbed   J. hits   K. spelled Can Animal Influencers Be Ambassadors for Conservation? Recently, the internet found a new darling: Moo Deng, a baby pygmy hippo who’s as round as a wet rock. Videos and memes of this grey, roly-poly creature have melted people’s hearts, making her the latest in a long line of cute animals that have become internet 11 . But while we all enjoy a good “aww” moment, there is more to Moo Deng’s story than meets the eye. And it’s not all sunshine and viral fame. Pygmy hippos like Moo Deng are endangered, with fewer than 2,500 individuals still remaining in the wild. Habitat loss, human overpopulation, and hunting have led to a rapid 12 in their numbers. Thus, while Moo Deng may appear to be a chubby, waddling internet star, she represents a much larger issue: the ongoing 13 to protect species on the edge of extinction. On a positive note, Moo Deng’s internet fame could help raise awareness of endangered animals. Conservationists hope that as more people fall in love with her, they will be 14 to support efforts to protect her species and preserve their habitat. Just imagine a world where internet fame 15 into real-world conservation action. Now, wouldn’t that be something? However, Moo Deng’s newfound fame has also 16 unwanted trouble. Some zoo visitors, in their eagerness to interact with her, have gone too far by throwing food into her enclosure and even pouring water on her while she was peacefully napping. In response, the zoo has increased security to make sure that Moo Deng stays safe and 17 . This reminds us that even internet-famous animals need protection from the pressures of fame. Moo Deng’s story also raises a question: What about the less “cute” species? While animals like pygmy hippos, pandas and koalas consistently 18 on social media, countless other endangered species often go unnoticed. Asian elephants, for example, are disappearing due to habitat loss and fragmentation but rarely receive the same attention. Though they may not tug at our heartstrings in the same way, less cute animals are equally vital to their ecosystems and worthy of just as much care and protection. Moo Deng’s fame will 19 as she grows, but her story highlights the importance of protecting a lot of Earth’s amazing creatures. That adorable little hippo, like China’s beloved pandas, has the 20 to bring about real change. Her popularity can encourage people to think beyond clicking “like” and take meaningful steps to protect endangered species. After all, isn’t that what real fame should be about? II. Reading Comprehension (45分) Section A (15分) Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. The days of the camera-carrying tourist may be numbered. Insensitive travellers are being ordered to 21 pointing their cameras at local residents. Tour companies selling expensive trips to remote corners of the world have become increasingly annoyed at the 22 of visitors upsetting locals. Now one such operator plans to ban clients from taking any photographic equipment on holidays. Julian Matthews is the director of Discovery Initiatives, a company that is working hand-in-hand with other organisations to offer holidays combining high adventure with working on environmental projects. Matthews says he is providing 'holiday without 23 , insisting that Discovery Initiatives is not a tour operator but an environmental support company. Clients are referred to as 'participants'. 'We see ourselves as the next step on from eco-tourism, which is merely a(n) 24 form of sensitive travel-ours is a more active approach.' However, says Matthews, there is a price to pay. ' I am planning to introduce tours with a total ban on cameras because of the damage they do to our relationships with 25 . I have seen some 26 things, such as a group of six tourists arriving at a remote village in the South American jungle, each with a video camera attached to their face. That sort of thing tears me up inside. Would you like somebody to come into your home and take a photo of you cooking? A camera is like weapon; it puts up a barrier and you lose all the 27 that comes through body language, which 28 means that the host communities are denied access to the so-called cross-cultural exchange.' Matthews' views reflect a growing 29 among some tour companies at the increasingly rude behaviour of wealthy tourists. Chris Parrott, of Journey Latin America, says: 'We tell our clients that indigenous（土著的）people are often shy about being 30 but we certainly don't tell them not to take a camera. If they take pictures without asking, they may find themselves having tomatoes thrown at them.' Crispin Jones, of Exodus, the overland truck specialist, says: 'We don't have a(n) 31 ; but, should cameras cause offence, our tour leaders will make it quite clear that they cannot be 32 . Clients tend to do what they are told.' Earth-watch, which pioneered the 33 of active eco-tourism by sending paying volunteers to work on scientific projects around the world, does not ban cameras, but operates strict rules on their use. Ed Wilson, the marketing director of the company, say: ' Some people use the camera as a barrier; it allows them to distance themselves from the reality of what they 34 . I would like to see tourists 35 their cameras for once, rather than trying to record everything they see.' 21．A．consider B．stop C．practise D．mind 22．A．edge B．expense C．bottom D．sight 23．A．surprise B．limit C．doubt D．guilt 24．A．passive B．simple C．inexpensive D．innovative 25．A．guides B．locals C．tourists D．specialists 26．A．routine B．interesting C．terrible D．personal 27．A．protection B．passion C．communication D．dignity 28．A．effectively B．accidentally C．comparatively D．optimistically 29．A．unease B．feeling C．ambition D．despair 30．A．misunderstood B．witnessed C．sponsored D．photographed 31．A．experience B．policy C．market D．intention 32．A．offended B．used C．judged D．deserted 33．A．change B．benefit C．concept D．history 34．A．say B．hear C．do D．see 35．A．turning up B．looking after C．putting away D．running out Section B (22分) Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. （A） The Apology For sixteen years, Nora had avoided Maple Street. Not because of traffic or bad memories in the usual sense — but because of one specific house, painted pale blue, with a porch (门廊) swing that never moved. That was where Mrs. Kowalski had lived. Nora was twelve when she and her friends threw eggs at Mrs. Kowalski’s front door. It was Halloween, a stupid dare, the kind of thing children do because they don’t yet understand that other people are real. The eggs left yellow streaks on the blue paint. Mrs. Kowalski came outside, saw the mess, then looked up and down the street. Nora and her friends were already running. But Nora had dropped her glove. A red mitten, small, with a white snowflake on the back. She realized it was missing ten minutes later. By then, it was too late to go back. The next morning, the mitten was nailed to Mrs. Kowalski’s front gate. Not placed on a table or tied to the handle — nailed, through the cuff, like a warning. Nora walked past it every day on her way to school. She never recovered it. After a few weeks, the mitten turned gray from rain. After a month, someone tore it down. Nora never forgot it. Now she was twenty-eight. She had moved back to her hometown after her father’s funeral, staying just long enough to clear out the family house. Maple Street was on her way to the storage unit. She had driven past the blue house three times already, each time telling herself she didn’t have time to stop. On the fourth time, she parked. The house looked smaller than she remembered. The porch swing was gone. The blue paint was peeling. A For Sale sign stood on the front lawn. But the gate was still there, and in the gate, a small hole — the one the nail had made. Nora rang the bell. A young woman opened the door, a baby on her hip. “I’m sorry,” Nora said. “I know this is strange. I used to live nearby. Is Mrs. Kowalski still here?” The young woman’s expression changed. “She passed away last spring. I’m her granddaughter.” “I’m sorry to hear that,” Nora said. And then, because she had been carrying the words for sixteen years, she said: “I threw an egg at her door when I was a kid. I dropped my mitten. She nailed it to the gate. I never apologized.” The young woman stared at her for a long moment. Then she shifted the baby to her other hip and laughed. Not a kind laugh. A strange one. “My grandmother didn’t nail your mitten to the gate,” she said. “She put it on the porch railing, hoping you’d come back for it. Someone else nailed it there. She never knew who.” Nora felt the ground slope beneath her feet. “She talked about that mitten for years,” the young woman continued. “Not because she was angry. Because she felt terrible that a child lost her glove and was too scared to come get it.” The baby reached out and touched Nora’s sleeve. Nora looked down at the small hand, then back at the hole in the gate. She had spent sixteen years apologizing to the wrong person. Or rather — to someone who had never needed an apology at all. 36．What does the red mitten symbolize in the story? A．Nora’s carelessness as a child. B．Mrs. Kowalski’s cruelty toward children. C．Nora’s lasting guilt over a childhood mistake. D．The friendship between Nora and her friends. 37．Why did the young woman laugh when Nora apologized? A．She found it funny that Nora still remembered the incident. B．She was angry and laughed to hide her true feelings. C．She realized that Nora had misunderstood what happened. D．She thought Nora was lying about throwing the egg. 38．What is the most important thing Nora learns from the granddaughter? A．Mrs. Kowalski had always hated children from the neighborhood. B．The mitten incident was not what Nora had believed it to be. C．The For Sale sign means the house will be torn down soon. D．The granddaughter also threw eggs when she was a child. 39．The underlined sentence in the last paragraph suggests that Nora ______. A．should have apologized to her father instead B．had imagined the entire egg-throwing incident C．owed an apology to herself for holding onto guilt D．was wrong to assume Mrs. Kowalski was angry (B) Things David Sedaris must do before bed, if he wants a good night’s sleep: pick up litter from the streets near his home in West Sussex, England (where the local government named a garbage truck after him in appreciation), clear the sink of dirty dishes and write in his diary. Since his first entry at age 20, in 1977, Sedaris has composed 165 volumes of private commentary, which he mined for his latest work, Theft by Finding: Diaries (1977 — 2002)Have you ever read a diary you weren’t supposed to? In Chicago I found this woman’s diary in a trash can. She was one of those people searching for meaning in her life, going from one religion to another. It was one of the best books I ever read.Why are you such a diary devotee? If you told me I couldn’t write in my diary anymore, my life would be torture and I’d have to get on some kind of medication. Stranded on a desert island, I’d just write my diary in the sand with a stick. The tide would wash it away, but I’d know that I’d written it down and that would at least be something.Re-reading your own writing, did you make any discoveries? I don’t like, especially in the early years, how pretentious I was. That was hard to take. Then again, you’re 20 years old, you’re an art student, you’re going to be disgusting. It comes with the territory.You once said you’d die if anyone got their hands on your diary? Well, I would — Theft by Finding is my edit. But if you were to just go and take my diary off the shelf, I would have to kill you.And upon your death? If they said, “OK, look, you have lung cancer and you’ve got three weeks,” well, when I was reading through my diaries, I made a note on my computer of which ones I might burn. 40．Why was a truck named after David Sedaris? A．He invests in such a garbage truck. B．He seldom throws litter on the street. C．He appreciates the government’s support. D．He clears some streets at night for a long time. 41．The word “torture” is closest in meaning to ______. A．something that will serve as medication B．something that will cause great suffering C．something that will always haunt a person D．something that will be forgotten in a short time 42．Which of the following statements is true of David Sedaris? A．He will always keep his diaries to himself. B．He often gets inspired by others’ diaries. C．He loves writing diaries in the sand. D．He is satisfied with all his diaries. (C) Scientists know little about how sharks came to exist because of the way their skeletons are made. Sharks have skeletons (骨骼) mostly made of cartilage, a soft and flexible material that doesn’t fossilize (成为化石) well. As a result, sharks don’t leave clear remains like animals with hard bones. This means that shark skeletons don’t leave behind the same clear, lasting remains as animals with bony skeletons. ‌“Cartilage is a tricky material,” explains John Maisey, a scientist at the American Museum of Natural History in New York. For centuries, scientists have tried to piece together the history of sharks but could only make educated guesses that sharks might have come from fish with actual bones. However, a recent breakthrough has opened up new possibilities for understanding where sharks came from. Using advanced CT scanning technology, Maisey and his team examined the only known fossil of an ancient fish called Doliodus problematicus. This fossil is 400 million years old and was first discovered in the mid-1990s in Canada. For years, researchers could only study it from the outside, but in 2014, new CT scanning technology allowed them to look deeper into its structure without damaging it. What they found could be a missing link in the shark evolution puzzle. The scan revealed surprising details. Unlike modern sharks, which are smooth and lack external spines (棘刺), the Doliodus fossil had spines along its back and near its lower body. These spines were similar to those found in an older type of fish with both bony and shark-like characteristics. It also had jaws and teeth like those of modern sharks, showing a mix of features from early bony fish and today’s sharks. This makes Doliodus an important connection between two groups of fish, offering new clues about shark evolution. “This is a major discovery,” says Michael Coates, an evolutionary biologist at the University of Chicago. Coates believes that these findings support the idea that acanthodians, the ancient group with both bony and shark-like characteristics, could represent an important step in the early development of sharks. Maisey’s research encourages scientists to revisit acanthodians, an extinct group of fish with both bony and shark-like features. These ancient creatures are thought to represent a transitional stage in fish evolution, potentially reshaping what we know about the origins of sharks. 43．Main Idea: What is the passage primarily about? A．Finding a new shark species with advanced technology. B．The role of sharks in the extinction of ancient fish species. C．An important discovery in understanding how sharks evolved. D．Efforts to uncover the origins of sharks through fossil research. 44．Why is it tricky to study the evolution of sharks? A．Their skeletons rarely endure over time. B．Their remains are hard to find in ancient rock layers. C．Their evolutionary history is too recent to be understood. D．Their bones have been confused with those of other fish species. 45．What is the significance of the Doliodus problematicus fossil? A．It confirms that sharks evolved mainly from acanthodians. B．It suggests that ancient sharks lacked both jaws and spines. C．It proves that sharks are directly related to modern bony fish. D．It shows a connection between early bony fish and modern sharks. 46．How is the passage organized? A．By describing several fossils before focusing on Doliodus. B．By comparing features of sharks and acanthodians in detail. C．By explaining the difficulties in studying sharks and sharing new findings. D．By summarizing past research on ancient fish without introducing new insights. Section C (8分) Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. If you’re like most people, you think you are smart enough to avoid advertising. 47 That, at least, is what we tell ourselves. But what we tell ourselves is wrong. Advertising works, which is why, even in hard economic times, Madison Avenue is a $34 billion-a-year business. Lindstrom is a practitioner of neuromarketing research, in which consumers are exposed to ads while connected to machines that monitor brain activity, pupil dilation, sweat responses and flickers in facial muscles, all of which are markers of emotion. According to his studies, 83% of all forms of advertising principally engage only one of our senses:sight. Hearing, however, can be just as powerful, though advertisers have taken only limited advantage of it. Historically, ads have relied on slogans to catch our ear, largely ignoring everyday sounds—a steak sizzling, a baby laughing and other noises our bodies can’t help paying attention to. 48 To figure out what most appeals to our ear, Lindstrom wired up his volunteers, then played recordings of dozens of familiar sounds, from MeDonald’s ubiquitous “I’m Lovin’ It” slogan to cigarettes being lit. The sound that blew the doors off(远远胜过)all the rest—both in terms of interest and positive feelings—was a baby giggling. The other high-ranking sounds were less original but still powerful. The repetitive sound of a cell phone was Lindstrom’s second-place winner. Others that followed were an ATM distributing cash and a soda being popped and poured. In all of these cases, it didn’t take a professional to invent the sounds, infuse them with meaning and then play them over and over until the subjects internalized them. 49 TV advertisers aren’t the only ones who may start putting sound to greater use. Retailers are also catching on. The 0101 department store in Japan, for example, has been designed as a series of soundscapes, playing different sound effects such as children at play, birdsongs and lapping water in the sportswear, fragrance and formal-wear sections. Lindstrom is consulting with clients about employing a similar strategy in European supermarkets, piping the sound of fizzing soda into the beverage department. None of this means that advertisers just have to turn the audio dials and consumers will come running. Indeed, sometimes, they flee. In the early years of mainstream cell-phone use, the Nokia ringtone was recognized by 42% people in the UK—and soon became widely disliked. That, Lindstrom says, was partly because so few users practiced cell-phone etiquette and the blasted things kept going off in movie theatres. 50 , because people so often hear it when they are rebooting after their computer has crashed. In these cases, manufacturers themselves must reboot by changing the offending sound slightly or replacing it entirely. A．Weave this stuff into an ad campaign, and we may be powerless to resist it. B．Even when we solve the problem about when advertising works, we need to move on to the larger problem of predicting what works. C．The Microsoft start-up sound has taken on similarly negative associations. D．Major companies realized the importance of taking advantage of consumers’ curiosity about new commodities and make it a marketing strategy. E．Rather, the sounds already had meaning and thus triggered a series of reactions: hunger, thirst, happy expectation. F．You flip right past newspaper ads, never click on ads online and leave the room during TV commercials. III. Summary Writing (10分) 51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Yoga, meditation may help reduce childhood anxiety Anxiety disorders affect more than one in four adolescents from the ages of 13 to 18, and many of them are treated with medications to try and help them live a relatively healthy childhood. But a team of researchers from the University of Cincinnati set out to explore other treatment options that focus more on the mind and less on pharmaceutical(药物的) solutions. Their study, published in the Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, recruited nine participants who were diagnosed with anxiety disorders between 9 and 16 years of age. These conditions included generalized, social and separation anxiety disorder as well as having a parent with anxiety disorder. Over the course of 12 weeks, each participant underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans while they practiced mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, a wide range of therapeutic techniques that include meditation, yoga, and learning how to pay nonjudgmental attention to one’s life. “These integrative approaches expand traditional treatments and offer new strategies for coping with psychological distress,”said the study’s co-author Sian Cotton, director of the UC’s Center for Integrative Health and Wellness, in a statement. Mindfulness-based therapeutic interventions promote the use of meditative practices to increase present-moment awareness of conscious thoughts, feelings, and body sensations in an effort to manage negative experiences more effectively. Cotton noted the anxiety of their patients was significantly reduced following treatment, and the more mindfulness they practiced, the less anxious they felt. Both findings reaffirm the potential that mindfulness therapy could bring to the table. If nothing else, it might allow people who would be reluctant to take medication more treatments to choose from. “Increasingly, patients and families are asking for additional therapeutic options, in addition to traditional medication-based treatments, that have proven effectiveness for improved symptom reduction. Mindfulness-based therapies for mood disorders is one such example with promising evidence,”said Cotton, adding the university is both studying and implementing these therapies. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ IV. Translation (15分) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52．经过热烈的讨论，大家一致认为是他开创了这一先河。(credit)(汉译英) __________________________________________________________________________________ 53．消息传来在告别会上所有在场的同学和老师都畅所欲言。(Word) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________________________ 54．虽然啤酒的库存即将售罄，但是该团队正在致力于准备更多类似的产品。(work) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________ 55．显然，知道灾害发生的可能性比50年前增加了多少倍可促使新的公共卫生政策出台。(how) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________ V. Guided Writing (25分) 56．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假如你是大同中学的高三学生江海波，你的学校决定延长下课15分钟并增设体育运动，现向同学们征集意见。你对此有一些想法，便写信给学生会。信件内容包括： 1. 具体的活动安排； 2. 设计这些活动的理由。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2 / 22 1 / 22 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2027年高考一轮复习调研检测卷02（上海卷） 考生注意： 1.考试时间105分钟，试卷满分115分。 2.本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸 上， 做在试卷上一律不得分。 3.务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置。 I. Grammar and vocabulary Section A (10分) Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Soccer Players and Coach Rescued from Flooded Cave in Thailand Thai officials said all 12 members of a boys’ soccer team and their coach 1 (rescue) from deep inside a flooded cave in northern Thailand. A Thai Navy SEAL force announced that the remaining four boys and the coach were rescued on Tuesday. Thai and foreign divers safely led the other eight youngsters out of the cave earlier in the week. “We are not sure 2 this is a miracle, a science, or what. All 13 Wild Boars are now out of the cave. Everyone is safe,” the SEALS wrote on Facebook. The Wild Boars is the team’s name. The 12 boys and the coach went missing on June 23, when they set out to explore the Tham Luang cave after a soccer workout. British divers found them in a partly flooded passage several kilometers inside the cave on July 2. They have spent more than two weeks deep underground in cramped, dark conditions with 3 (limit) oxygen.Rainy season Monsoon (季风) rains have started falling again in Thailand. The rainfall causes water levels inside the cave to rise. Experts warned it was extremely risky to dive the youngsters out of the cave. 4 of the boys had ever dived before. Some of them do not even know how to swim. But a short period of 5 (heavy) rainfall this week made the rescue mission possible. A team of Thai and international divers guided the boys and their coach out through a nearly four-kilometer-long passageway. Two divers helped each one make his way through dark, narrow passages, some of 6 are filled with dirty water.Condition of the boys Thai Health Secretary Jesada Chokdumrongsuk told reporters earlier on Tuesday that two of the first eight rescued boys had lung infections. He added that all of them were generally healthy and in good spirits, 7 their “high immunity” from playing football. The boys are expected to leave Chiang Rai Prachanukroh Hospital on Thursday, 8 many are still on antibiotics (抗生素). They will be watched for signs of psychological distress, which may only become evident in the months to come. The boys have been advised against 9 (interview), which experts say could trigger a post-traumatic reaction. They have been advised to wear sunglasses for at least two weeks because their eyes have become accustomed to the extreme darkness. The boys’ nail-biting tragedy-turned-survival-story has been followed by millions worldwide since 23 June, when they walked into the Tham Luang cave after football practice, only 10 (trap) by monsoon floods. 【答案】 1．had been rescued 2．whether 3．limited 4．None 5．less heavy 6．which 7．because of 8．although 9．being interviewed 10．to be trapped 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了泰国少年足球队 12 名队员及教练被困洞穴后成功获救的事件。 【详解】1．考查时态和语态。句意：泰国官方表示，一支少年足球队的全部12名队员及其教练已从泰国北部一处被水淹没的深洞中获救。all 12 members of a boys’ soccer team and their coach与rescue之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，rescue发生在said之前，表示过去的过去，使用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been rescued。 2．考查宾语从句。句意：我们不确定这究竟是奇迹、是科学，还是别的什么。空处引导宾语从句，从句不缺成分，表示“是否”，结合“or”可知，应用whether引导该从句。故填whether。 3．考查形容词。句意：他们在地下深处狭窄、黑暗、氧气有限的环境中度过了两周多的时间。空处应用形容词作定语，修饰oxygen，limited意为“有限的”。故填limited。 4．考查代词。句意：这些男孩此前无人有过潜水经历。结合句意，使用none of表示“没有一个”，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填None。 5．考查形容词比较级。句意：但本周降雨减弱，使得救援任务得以实施。根据语境可知，此处表示“雨没有之前那么大了”，应用形容词比较级。故填less heavy。 6．考查定语从句。句意：每名少年都由两名潜水员护送，穿过黑暗狭窄的通道，其中部分通道充满浑浊的水。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是passages，在从句中作介词of的宾语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 7．考查介词短语。句意：他补充说，所有人总体健康、精神状态良好，因为踢足球让他们免疫力较高。后面是名词短语high immunity，此处表示“由于”，应用介词短语because of。故填because of。 8．考查让步状语从句。句意：这些男孩预计周四离开清莱府普拉差努格罗医院，尽管许多人仍在服用抗生素。根据语境可知，前后句之间是让步关系，结合句意，使用although引导让步状语从句。故填although。 9．考查动名词。句意：专家建议不要对孩子们进行采访，因为这可能引发创伤后应激反应。advise against doing sth意为“建议不要做某事”，The boys和interview为被动关系，此处是动名词的被动式。故填being interviewed。 10．考查不定式的被动式。句意：自6月23日这群少年在足球训练后走进銮洞、却不幸被季风雨水围困以来，这场扣人心弦、由悲剧转为生还奇迹的事件，一直被全球数百万人关注。 only to do sth意为“结果却做某事”，表示出乎意料的结果，此处表示“结果却被困住”，应用不定式的被动式。故填to be trapped。 Section B (10分) Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．translates   B．potential   C． struggle   D．integrates   E. dominate   F. inspired   G. fade   H. decline   I. undisturbed   J. hits   K. spelled Can Animal Influencers Be Ambassadors for Conservation? Recently, the internet found a new darling: Moo Deng, a baby pygmy hippo who’s as round as a wet rock. Videos and memes of this grey, roly-poly creature have melted people’s hearts, making her the latest in a long line of cute animals that have become internet 11 . But while we all enjoy a good “aww” moment, there is more to Moo Deng’s story than meets the eye. And it’s not all sunshine and viral fame. Pygmy hippos like Moo Deng are endangered, with fewer than 2,500 individuals still remaining in the wild. Habitat loss, human overpopulation, and hunting have led to a rapid 12 in their numbers. Thus, while Moo Deng may appear to be a chubby, waddling internet star, she represents a much larger issue: the ongoing 13 to protect species on the edge of extinction. On a positive note, Moo Deng’s internet fame could help raise awareness of endangered animals. Conservationists hope that as more people fall in love with her, they will be 14 to support efforts to protect her species and preserve their habitat. Just imagine a world where internet fame 15 into real-world conservation action. Now, wouldn’t that be something? However, Moo Deng’s newfound fame has also 16 unwanted trouble. Some zoo visitors, in their eagerness to interact with her, have gone too far by throwing food into her enclosure and even pouring water on her while she was peacefully napping. In response, the zoo has increased security to make sure that Moo Deng stays safe and 17 . This reminds us that even internet-famous animals need protection from the pressures of fame. Moo Deng’s story also raises a question: What about the less “cute” species? While animals like pygmy hippos, pandas and koalas consistently 18 on social media, countless other endangered species often go unnoticed. Asian elephants, for example, are disappearing due to habitat loss and fragmentation but rarely receive the same attention. Though they may not tug at our heartstrings in the same way, less cute animals are equally vital to their ecosystems and worthy of just as much care and protection. Moo Deng’s fame will 19 as she grows, but her story highlights the importance of protecting a lot of Earth’s amazing creatures. That adorable little hippo, like China’s beloved pandas, has the 20 to bring about real change. Her popularity can encourage people to think beyond clicking “like” and take meaningful steps to protect endangered species. After all, isn’t that what real fame should be about? 【答案】 11．J 12．H 13．C 14．F 15．A 16．K 17．I 18．E 19．G 20．B 【导语】本文是议论文。文章首先以网红小河马Moo Deng为例，引出动物网红现象，进而探讨动物网红能否成为保护濒危物种的大使。 【详解】11．考查名词。句意：这只灰色、胖乎乎的小动物的视频和表情包融化了人们的心，使她成为一长串在网上走红的可爱动物中的最新一员。空前是系动词，所以空处应填形容词或者名词作表语，根据internet可知，应是hits，构成固定搭配：internet hits意为“互联网热门”符合语境。故选J项。 12．考查名词。句意：栖息地丧失、人口过剩和狩猎导致它们的数量迅速下降。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，根据句意，此处应是decline意为“减少”符合语境。故选H项。 13．考查名词。句意：因此，虽然Moo Deng看起来只是一个胖乎乎、摇摇摆摆的网红，但她代表了一个更大的问题：保护濒临灭绝物种的持续斗争。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词，根据句意，应是struggle意为“斗争”符合语境。故选C项。 14．考查形容词。句意：环保人士希望，随着越来越多的人爱上她，他们会受到启发，支持保护她的物种和保护它们的栖息地。空前是系动词，所以空处应填形容词作表语，根据句意，应是inspired，构成固定搭配：be inspired to意为“得到启发”符合语境。故选F项。 15．考查动词。句意：想象一下，如果网络上的名声转化为现实世界的保护行动。本句是where引导的定语从句，从句缺少谓语，所以空处应填动词，根据句意，应是translate意为“转变”符合语境，根据前文，用的都是一般现在时，此处也用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数。故选A项。 16．考查动词。句意：然而，Moo Deng的新名声也带来了不必要的麻烦。本句缺少谓语，所以空处应填动词，根据句意，应是spell意为“招致”，根据空前的has可知，用现在完成时，所以空处用过去分词形式。故选K项。 17．考查形容词。句意：作为回应，动物园加强了安全措施，以确保Moo Deng的安全不受干扰。根据空前的and可知，空处和safe并列，应填形容词作表语，根据句意，应是undisturbed意为“未被打搅的”符合语境。故选I项。 18．考查动词。句意：虽然像侏儒河马、熊猫和考拉这样的动物一直在社交媒体上占据主导地位，但无数其他濒危物种却经常被忽视。本句缺少谓语，所以空处应填动词，根据句意，应是dominate意为“支配”符合语境。故选E项。 19．考查动词。句意：Moo Deng的名气会随着她的成长而减弱，但她的故事凸显了保护地球上许多神奇生物的重要性。空前是助动词will，所以空处应填动词原形，根据句意，应是fade意为“逐渐消失”符合语境。故选G项。 20．考查名词。句意：那只可爱的小河马，就像中国受人喜爱的熊猫一样，有可能带来真正的改变。空前是动词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，根据句意，应是potential意为“潜力”符合语境。故选B项。 II. Reading Comprehension (45分) Section A (15分) Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. The days of the camera-carrying tourist may be numbered. Insensitive travellers are being ordered to 21 pointing their cameras at local residents. Tour companies selling expensive trips to remote corners of the world have become increasingly annoyed at the 22 of visitors upsetting locals. Now one such operator plans to ban clients from taking any photographic equipment on holidays. Julian Matthews is the director of Discovery Initiatives, a company that is working hand-in-hand with other organisations to offer holidays combining high adventure with working on environmental projects. Matthews says he is providing 'holiday without 23 , insisting that Discovery Initiatives is not a tour operator but an environmental support company. Clients are referred to as 'participants'. 'We see ourselves as the next step on from eco-tourism, which is merely a(n) 24 form of sensitive travel-ours is a more active approach.' However, says Matthews, there is a price to pay. ' I am planning to introduce tours with a total ban on cameras because of the damage they do to our relationships with 25 . I have seen some 26 things, such as a group of six tourists arriving at a remote village in the South American jungle, each with a video camera attached to their face. That sort of thing tears me up inside. Would you like somebody to come into your home and take a photo of you cooking? A camera is like weapon; it puts up a barrier and you lose all the 27 that comes through body language, which 28 means that the host communities are denied access to the so-called cross-cultural exchange.' Matthews' views reflect a growing 29 among some tour companies at the increasingly rude behaviour of wealthy tourists. Chris Parrott, of Journey Latin America, says: 'We tell our clients that indigenous（土著的）people are often shy about being 30 but we certainly don't tell them not to take a camera. If they take pictures without asking, they may find themselves having tomatoes thrown at them.' Crispin Jones, of Exodus, the overland truck specialist, says: 'We don't have a(n) 31 ; but, should cameras cause offence, our tour leaders will make it quite clear that they cannot be 32 . Clients tend to do what they are told.' Earth-watch, which pioneered the 33 of active eco-tourism by sending paying volunteers to work on scientific projects around the world, does not ban cameras, but operates strict rules on their use. Ed Wilson, the marketing director of the company, say: ' Some people use the camera as a barrier; it allows them to distance themselves from the reality of what they 34 . I would like to see tourists 35 their cameras for once, rather than trying to record everything they see.' 21．A．consider B．stop C．practise D．mind 22．A．edge B．expense C．bottom D．sight 23．A．surprise B．limit C．doubt D．guilt 24．A．passive B．simple C．inexpensive D．innovative 25．A．guides B．locals C．tourists D．specialists 26．A．routine B．interesting C．terrible D．personal 27．A．protection B．passion C．communication D．dignity 28．A．effectively B．accidentally C．comparatively D．optimistically 29．A．unease B．feeling C．ambition D．despair 30．A．misunderstood B．witnessed C．sponsored D．photographed 31．A．experience B．policy C．market D．intention 32．A．offended B．used C．judged D．deserted 33．A．change B．benefit C．concept D．history 34．A．say B．hear C．do D．see 35．A．turning up B．looking after C．putting away D．running out 【答案】 21．B 22．D 23．D 24．A 25．B 26．C 27．C 28．A 29．A 30．D 31．B 32．B 33．C 34．D 35．C 【分析】本文是一篇议论文。主要讲述了带着相机的游客的日子可能屈指可数了,麻木不仁的游客被勒令停止把相机对准当地居民,旅游公司在向世界偏远角落兜售昂贵旅游产品时,看到游客惹恼当地人,变得越来越恼火,他们正计划推出全面禁止使用相机的旅游,因为相机会破坏我们与当地人的关系。 【详解】21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：麻木不仁的旅行者被命令停止将相机对准当地居民。A. consider考虑；B. stop阻止；C. practise练习；D. mind思想。根据上一句“The days of the camera-carrying tourist may be numbered（ 游客携带照相机的日子可能不多了）”，可知他们被命令停止用相机对准当地的人们。故选B。 22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：旅游公司在向世界偏远角落兜售昂贵旅游产品时,看到游客惹恼当地人,变得越来越恼火。A. edge边缘；B. expense消费；C. bottom底部；D. sight视线。at the sight of是固定搭配，意为“一看到”。故选D。 23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：马修斯说，他提供的是“没有内疚感的假期”，坚称探索计划不是一家旅游运营商，而是一家环境支持公司。A. surprise惊讶；B. limit限制；C. doubt怀疑；D. guilt内疚。结合句意以及insist（坚持）可知选择guilt符合题意。故选D。 24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们认为自己是生态旅游的下一步,生态旅游只是敏感旅游的一种被动形式,我们是一种更为主动的旅游。A. passive被动的；B. simple简单的；C. inexpensive便宜的；D. innovative创新的。空格处和下一句的 active（主动的）形成对比。故选A。 25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我正计划推出全面禁止摄像头的旅游,因为摄像头会破坏我们与当地人的关系。A. guides导游；B. locals当地人；C. tourists游客；D. specialists专家。根据第一段“Insensitive travelers are being ordered to (1) pointing their cameras at local residents（麻木不仁的旅行者被命令停止将相机对准当地居民）”，可知摄像头会破坏我们和当地人的关系。故选B。 26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我见过一些可怕的事情，比如一组6名游客来到南美丛林的一个偏僻村庄,每个人都有一台摄像机依附在他们的脸上。这类事情让我在里面痛心不已A. routine日常；B. interesting有趣的；C. terrible可怕的；D. personal个人的。根据下一句“such as a group of six tourists arriving at a remote village in the South American jungle, each with a video camera attached to their face. That sort of thing tears me up inside（比如一组6名游客来到南美丛林的一个偏僻村庄,每个人都有一台摄像机依附在他们的脸上。这类事情让我在里面痛心不已）”，可知发生了可怕的事情。故选C。 27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：相机就像一个武器,它设置了一个障碍,你失去了所有通过肢体语言进行的交流,这实际上意味着主办社区无法进入所谓的跨文化交流。A. protection保护；B. passion热情；C. communication交流；D. dignity尊严。根据下一句“that comes through body language（ 通过肢体语言进行的）”，可知是交流。故选C。 28．考查副词词义辨析。句意：相机就像武器,它设置了一个障碍,你失去了所有通过肢体语言进行的交流,这实际上意味着主办社区无法进入所谓的跨文化交流。A. effectively有效地，实际上，事实上；B. accidentally偶然；C. comparatively相对地；D. optimistically乐观地。根据前后文可知是事实上意味着……。故选A。 29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：马修斯的观点反映了一些旅游公司对富有游客越来越粗鲁的行为越来越不安。A. unease不安；B. feeling感觉；C. ambition 抱负心；D. despair绝望。根据前文“Would you like somebody to come into your home and take a photo of you cooking?（你希望有人到你家来给你做饭拍照吗？）”，可知这种粗鲁的行为带来的应该是不安。故选A。 30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们告诉客户土著人常常羞于被拍照，但我们当然不会告诉他们不要拍照。A. misunderstood误会；B witnessed见证；C. sponsored赞助；D photographed拍照。根据下一句“but we certainly don't tell them not to take a camera. If they take pictures without asking, they may find themselves having tomatoes thrown at them.（但我们当然不会告诉他们不要拍照。如果他们不请自来地拍照,他们可能会发现自己被扔了西红柿）”，可知当地人不喜欢拍照。故选D。 31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：陆路卡车专家Exodus的克里斯宾·琼斯说：“我们没有政策，但是，如果摄像机引起冒犯，我们的导游会非常明确地表示，它们不能被使用。A. experience经验；B. policy政策；C. market市场；D. intention意图。根据后文的“should cameras cause offence, our tour leaders will make it quite clear that they cannot be …（ 如果摄像机引起冒犯，我们的导游会非常明确地表示，它们不能被......）”，可知应该表示我们没有政策。故选B。 32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：陆路卡车专家Exodus的克里斯宾·琼斯说：“我们没有政策，但是，如果摄像机引起冒犯，我们的导游会非常明确地表示，它们不能被使用。A. offended冒犯；B. used使用；C. judged判断；D. deserted遗弃。根据前一句中说到的“cause offence”（ 引起冒犯）”，可知应该是不能被使用。故选B。 33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Earthwatch通过派遣付费志愿者在世界各地从事科学项目,开创了积极生态旅游的概念,它不禁止使用相机,但对相机的使用有严格的规定。A. change改变；B. benefit利益；C. concept概念；D. history历史。“active eco-tourism”是一种概念。故选C 34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些人用相机作为屏障；它让他们远离他们所看到的现实。A. say 说；B. hear听到；C. do做；D. see看到。根据上一句“Some people use the camera as a barrier（一些人将相机作为屏障）”可知，相机让他们远离他们所看到的东西。故选D。 35．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我希望看到游客们把相机暂时收起来，而不是试图记录他们所看到的一切。A. turning up出现；B. looking after照顾；C. putting away收起来；D. running out用完。根据下一句“rather than trying to record everything they see（而不是试图记录他们所看到的一切）”，可知我希望游客把相机收起来。故选C。 Section B (22分) Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. （A） The Apology For sixteen years, Nora had avoided Maple Street. Not because of traffic or bad memories in the usual sense — but because of one specific house, painted pale blue, with a porch (门廊) swing that never moved. That was where Mrs. Kowalski had lived. Nora was twelve when she and her friends threw eggs at Mrs. Kowalski’s front door. It was Halloween, a stupid dare, the kind of thing children do because they don’t yet understand that other people are real. The eggs left yellow streaks on the blue paint. Mrs. Kowalski came outside, saw the mess, then looked up and down the street. Nora and her friends were already running. But Nora had dropped her glove. A red mitten, small, with a white snowflake on the back. She realized it was missing ten minutes later. By then, it was too late to go back. The next morning, the mitten was nailed to Mrs. Kowalski’s front gate. Not placed on a table or tied to the handle — nailed, through the cuff, like a warning. Nora walked past it every day on her way to school. She never recovered it. After a few weeks, the mitten turned gray from rain. After a month, someone tore it down. Nora never forgot it. Now she was twenty-eight. She had moved back to her hometown after her father’s funeral, staying just long enough to clear out the family house. Maple Street was on her way to the storage unit. She had driven past the blue house three times already, each time telling herself she didn’t have time to stop. On the fourth time, she parked. The house looked smaller than she remembered. The porch swing was gone. The blue paint was peeling. A For Sale sign stood on the front lawn. But the gate was still there, and in the gate, a small hole — the one the nail had made. Nora rang the bell. A young woman opened the door, a baby on her hip. “I’m sorry,” Nora said. “I know this is strange. I used to live nearby. Is Mrs. Kowalski still here?” The young woman’s expression changed. “She passed away last spring. I’m her granddaughter.” “I’m sorry to hear that,” Nora said. And then, because she had been carrying the words for sixteen years, she said: “I threw an egg at her door when I was a kid. I dropped my mitten. She nailed it to the gate. I never apologized.” The young woman stared at her for a long moment. Then she shifted the baby to her other hip and laughed. Not a kind laugh. A strange one. “My grandmother didn’t nail your mitten to the gate,” she said. “She put it on the porch railing, hoping you’d come back for it. Someone else nailed it there. She never knew who.” Nora felt the ground slope beneath her feet. “She talked about that mitten for years,” the young woman continued. “Not because she was angry. Because she felt terrible that a child lost her glove and was too scared to come get it.” The baby reached out and touched Nora’s sleeve. Nora looked down at the small hand, then back at the hole in the gate. She had spent sixteen years apologizing to the wrong person. Or rather — to someone who had never needed an apology at all. 36．What does the red mitten symbolize in the story? A．Nora’s carelessness as a child. B．Mrs. Kowalski’s cruelty toward children. C．Nora’s lasting guilt over a childhood mistake. D．The friendship between Nora and her friends. 37．Why did the young woman laugh when Nora apologized? A．She found it funny that Nora still remembered the incident. B．She was angry and laughed to hide her true feelings. C．She realized that Nora had misunderstood what happened. D．She thought Nora was lying about throwing the egg. 38．What is the most important thing Nora learns from the granddaughter? A．Mrs. Kowalski had always hated children from the neighborhood. B．The mitten incident was not what Nora had believed it to be. C．The For Sale sign means the house will be torn down soon. D．The granddaughter also threw eggs when she was a child. 39．The underlined sentence in the last paragraph suggests that Nora ______. A．should have apologized to her father instead B．had imagined the entire egg-throwing incident C．owed an apology to herself for holding onto guilt D．was wrong to assume Mrs. Kowalski was angry 【答案】36．C 37．C 38．B 39．D 【导语】文章主要讲述了诺拉十六年后向曾扔鸡蛋的人道歉，却得知对方从未责怪她，误解才解开。 【详解】36．细节理解题。​ 根据第五段中“Nora never forgot it. (诺拉从未忘记它)”以及全文她多年来回避那条街的心理描写可知，红手套象征着她童年错误的持久愧疚。 37．推理判断题。​ 根据倒数第五段中““My grandmother didn’t nail your mitten to the gate,” she said. “She put it on the porch railing, hoping you’d come back for it. Someone else nailed it there. She never knew who.” (“我的祖母并没有把你的手套钉在门上，”她说，“她把它放在门廊栏杆上，盼着你回来取。是别人把它钉在那儿的。她一直都不知道是谁干的。”)”可知，年轻女子笑是因为诺拉误解了当年发生的事情。 38．细节理解题。​ 根据倒数第三段中““She talked about that mitten for years,” the young woman continued. “Not because she was angry. Because she felt terrible that a child lost her glove and was too scared to come get it.” (“她念叨那只手套念叨了好多年，”年轻女子接着说，“不是因为她生气，而是因为她心里特别难受，因为一个孩子丢了手套，却吓得不敢回来拿。”)”可知，诺拉了解到事实与她以为的完全不同。 39．推理判断题。​ 根据最后一段中“She had spent sixteen years apologizing to the wrong person. Or rather — to someone who had never needed an apology at all. (她花了十六年向一个错误的人道歉。或者说——向一个根本不需要道歉的人道歉。)”可知，诺拉一直误以为科瓦尔斯基太太很生气，但实际上对方从未责怪她。 (B) Things David Sedaris must do before bed, if he wants a good night’s sleep: pick up litter from the streets near his home in West Sussex, England (where the local government named a garbage truck after him in appreciation), clear the sink of dirty dishes and write in his diary. Since his first entry at age 20, in 1977, Sedaris has composed 165 volumes of private commentary, which he mined for his latest work, Theft by Finding: Diaries (1977 — 2002)Have you ever read a diary you weren’t supposed to? In Chicago I found this woman’s diary in a trash can. She was one of those people searching for meaning in her life, going from one religion to another. It was one of the best books I ever read.Why are you such a diary devotee? If you told me I couldn’t write in my diary anymore, my life would be torture and I’d have to get on some kind of medication. Stranded on a desert island, I’d just write my diary in the sand with a stick. The tide would wash it away, but I’d know that I’d written it down and that would at least be something.Re-reading your own writing, did you make any discoveries? I don’t like, especially in the early years, how pretentious I was. That was hard to take. Then again, you’re 20 years old, you’re an art student, you’re going to be disgusting. It comes with the territory.You once said you’d die if anyone got their hands on your diary? Well, I would — Theft by Finding is my edit. But if you were to just go and take my diary off the shelf, I would have to kill you.And upon your death? If they said, “OK, look, you have lung cancer and you’ve got three weeks,” well, when I was reading through my diaries, I made a note on my computer of which ones I might burn. 40．Why was a truck named after David Sedaris? A．He invests in such a garbage truck. B．He seldom throws litter on the street. C．He appreciates the government’s support. D．He clears some streets at night for a long time. 41．The word “torture” is closest in meaning to ______. A．something that will serve as medication B．something that will cause great suffering C．something that will always haunt a person D．something that will be forgotten in a short time 42．Which of the following statements is true of David Sedaris? A．He will always keep his diaries to himself. B．He often gets inspired by others’ diaries. C．He loves writing diaries in the sand. D．He is satisfied with all his diaries. 【答案】40．D 41．B 42．A 【导语】文章主要通过访谈介绍作家大卫·塞达里斯坚持写日记的习惯、对日记的痴迷态度及对隐私的保护。 【详解】40．细节理解题。根据第一段“pick up litter from the streets near his home in West Sussex, England (where the local government named a garbage truck after him in appreciation), clear the sink of dirty dishes and write in his diary.(在英格兰西萨塞克斯郡的家附近捡拾街道上的垃圾（当地政府为表感谢，特以他的名字命名了一辆垃圾车），清空水槽里的脏碗碟，并写日记)”可知，当地政府因他长期清理街道垃圾而用他的名字命名垃圾车。 41．词句猜测题。根据第三段“If you told me I couldn’t write in my diary anymore, my life would be torture and I’d have to get on some kind of medication.(如果你告诉我不能再写日记，我的生活会变成torture，我得靠某种药物维持)”可知，不能写日记会让他的生活痛苦到需要药物干预，说明“torture”意为“带来巨大痛苦的事”。 42．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“if you were to just go and take my diary off the shelf, I would have to kill you(如果你敢从书架上拿走我的日记，我就得杀了你)”及最后一段“I made a note on my computer of which ones I might burn(我在电脑上记下哪些日记可能会被烧掉)”可知，他坚决保护日记隐私，不会让他人随意获取。 (C) Scientists know little about how sharks came to exist because of the way their skeletons are made. Sharks have skeletons (骨骼) mostly made of cartilage, a soft and flexible material that doesn’t fossilize (成为化石) well. As a result, sharks don’t leave clear remains like animals with hard bones. This means that shark skeletons don’t leave behind the same clear, lasting remains as animals with bony skeletons. ‌“Cartilage is a tricky material,” explains John Maisey, a scientist at the American Museum of Natural History in New York. For centuries, scientists have tried to piece together the history of sharks but could only make educated guesses that sharks might have come from fish with actual bones. However, a recent breakthrough has opened up new possibilities for understanding where sharks came from. Using advanced CT scanning technology, Maisey and his team examined the only known fossil of an ancient fish called Doliodus problematicus. This fossil is 400 million years old and was first discovered in the mid-1990s in Canada. For years, researchers could only study it from the outside, but in 2014, new CT scanning technology allowed them to look deeper into its structure without damaging it. What they found could be a missing link in the shark evolution puzzle. The scan revealed surprising details. Unlike modern sharks, which are smooth and lack external spines (棘刺), the Doliodus fossil had spines along its back and near its lower body. These spines were similar to those found in an older type of fish with both bony and shark-like characteristics. It also had jaws and teeth like those of modern sharks, showing a mix of features from early bony fish and today’s sharks. This makes Doliodus an important connection between two groups of fish, offering new clues about shark evolution. “This is a major discovery,” says Michael Coates, an evolutionary biologist at the University of Chicago. Coates believes that these findings support the idea that acanthodians, the ancient group with both bony and shark-like characteristics, could represent an important step in the early development of sharks. Maisey’s research encourages scientists to revisit acanthodians, an extinct group of fish with both bony and shark-like features. These ancient creatures are thought to represent a transitional stage in fish evolution, potentially reshaping what we know about the origins of sharks. 43．Main Idea: What is the passage primarily about? A．Finding a new shark species with advanced technology. B．The role of sharks in the extinction of ancient fish species. C．An important discovery in understanding how sharks evolved. D．Efforts to uncover the origins of sharks through fossil research. 44．Why is it tricky to study the evolution of sharks? A．Their skeletons rarely endure over time. B．Their remains are hard to find in ancient rock layers. C．Their evolutionary history is too recent to be understood. D．Their bones have been confused with those of other fish species. 45．What is the significance of the Doliodus problematicus fossil? A．It confirms that sharks evolved mainly from acanthodians. B．It suggests that ancient sharks lacked both jaws and spines. C．It proves that sharks are directly related to modern bony fish. D．It shows a connection between early bony fish and modern sharks. 46．How is the passage organized? A．By describing several fossils before focusing on Doliodus. B．By comparing features of sharks and acanthodians in detail. C．By explaining the difficulties in studying sharks and sharing new findings. D．By summarizing past research on ancient fish without introducing new insights. 【答案】43．C 44．A 45．D 46．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学家们对鲨鱼起源和演化的研究，特别是通过CT扫描技术发现的一种古代鱼类化石对理解鲨鱼演化的重要意义。 【详解】43．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，特别是第一段中“Scientists know little about how sharks came to exist because of the way their skeletons are made.(由于鲨鱼的骨骼构造方式，科学家们对鲨鱼是如何存在的知之甚少)”以及后文对Doliodus problematicus化石的描述与其对于鲨鱼演化研究的重要性可知，文章主要讨论了关于鲨鱼演化的一个重要发现。故选C项。 44．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Sharks have skeletons (骨骼) mostly made of cartilage, a soft and flexible material that doesn’t fossilize (成为化石) well. As a result, sharks don’t leave clear remains like animals with hard bones. This means that shark skeletons don’t leave behind the same clear, lasting remains as animals with bony skeletons.(鲨鱼的骨骼主要由软骨组成，软骨是一种柔软且灵活的材料，不易形成化石。因此，鲨鱼不会像硬骨动物那样留下清晰的遗骸。这意味着鲨鱼的骨骼不会像其他动物那样留下清晰、持久的遗骸)”可知，鲨鱼的骨骼不易形成化石，因此它们的骨骼很少能保存下来供科学家研究，这使得研究鲨鱼的演化变得困难。故选A项。 45．细节理解题。根据第三段“The scan revealed surprising details. Unlike modern sharks, which are smooth and lack external spines (棘刺), the Doliodus fossil had spines along its back and near its lower body. These spines were similar to those found in an older type of fish with both bony and shark-like characteristics. It also had jaws and teeth like those of modern sharks, showing a mix of features from early bony fish and today’s sharks.(扫描揭示了令人惊讶的细节。与现代鲨鱼光滑且没有外部棘刺不同，Doliodus化石的背部和身体下部附近有棘刺。这些棘刺与一种更古老的、同时具有骨质和鲨鱼特征的鱼类身上的棘刺相似。它还有像现代鲨鱼那样的下颚和牙齿，显示出早期硬骨鱼和现代鲨鱼的特征混合)”可知，Doliodus problematicus化石展示了早期硬骨鱼和现代鲨鱼之间的联系。故选D项。 46．推理判断题。根据第一段“Scientists know little about how sharks came to exist because of the way their skeletons are made.(由于鲨鱼的骨骼构造方式，科学家们对鲨鱼是如何存在的知之甚少)”、第二段“However, a recent breakthrough has opened up new possibilities for understanding where sharks came from. Using advanced CT scanning technology, Maisey and his team examined the only known fossil of an ancient fish called Doliodus problematicus.(然而，最近的一项突破为理解鲨鱼的起源开辟了新的可能性。Maisey和他的团队使用先进的CT扫描技术，检查了唯一已知的古代鱼类化石，名为Doliodus problematicus)”和最后一段中“Coates believes that these findings support the idea that acanthodians, the ancient group with both bony and shark-like characteristics, could represent an important step in the early development of sharks. Maisey’s research encourages scientists to revisit acanthodians, an extinct group of fish with both bony and shark-like features. These ancient creatures are thought to represent a transitional stage in fish evolution, potentially reshaping what we know about the origins of sharks.(科茨认为这些发现印证了：兼具硬骨鱼类与鲨类特征的古老棘鱼类，很可能代表了鲨鱼早期演化的重要阶段。梅西的研究则促使科学界重新审视这种已灭绝的鱼类——它们同时具备硬骨特征与软骨特征，被认为代表了鱼类进化过程中的过渡阶段，或将重塑我们对鲨鱼起源的认知)”可知，文章首先解释了研究鲨鱼演化的困难，然后介绍了通过CT扫描技术发现的一种古代鱼类化石，以及这个发现对于理解鲨鱼演化的重要性。故选C项。 Section C (8分) Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. If you’re like most people, you think you are smart enough to avoid advertising. 47 That, at least, is what we tell ourselves. But what we tell ourselves is wrong. Advertising works, which is why, even in hard economic times, Madison Avenue is a $34 billion-a-year business. Lindstrom is a practitioner of neuromarketing research, in which consumers are exposed to ads while connected to machines that monitor brain activity, pupil dilation, sweat responses and flickers in facial muscles, all of which are markers of emotion. According to his studies, 83% of all forms of advertising principally engage only one of our senses:sight. Hearing, however, can be just as powerful, though advertisers have taken only limited advantage of it. Historically, ads have relied on slogans to catch our ear, largely ignoring everyday sounds—a steak sizzling, a baby laughing and other noises our bodies can’t help paying attention to. 48 To figure out what most appeals to our ear, Lindstrom wired up his volunteers, then played recordings of dozens of familiar sounds, from MeDonald’s ubiquitous “I’m Lovin’ It” slogan to cigarettes being lit. The sound that blew the doors off(远远胜过)all the rest—both in terms of interest and positive feelings—was a baby giggling. The other high-ranking sounds were less original but still powerful. The repetitive sound of a cell phone was Lindstrom’s second-place winner. Others that followed were an ATM distributing cash and a soda being popped and poured. In all of these cases, it didn’t take a professional to invent the sounds, infuse them with meaning and then play them over and over until the subjects internalized them. 49 TV advertisers aren’t the only ones who may start putting sound to greater use. Retailers are also catching on. The 0101 department store in Japan, for example, has been designed as a series of soundscapes, playing different sound effects such as children at play, birdsongs and lapping water in the sportswear, fragrance and formal-wear sections. Lindstrom is consulting with clients about employing a similar strategy in European supermarkets, piping the sound of fizzing soda into the beverage department. None of this means that advertisers just have to turn the audio dials and consumers will come running. Indeed, sometimes, they flee. In the early years of mainstream cell-phone use, the Nokia ringtone was recognized by 42% people in the UK—and soon became widely disliked. That, Lindstrom says, was partly because so few users practiced cell-phone etiquette and the blasted things kept going off in movie theatres. 50 , because people so often hear it when they are rebooting after their computer has crashed. In these cases, manufacturers themselves must reboot by changing the offending sound slightly or replacing it entirely. A．Weave this stuff into an ad campaign, and we may be powerless to resist it. B．Even when we solve the problem about when advertising works, we need to move on to the larger problem of predicting what works. C．The Microsoft start-up sound has taken on similarly negative associations. D．Major companies realized the importance of taking advantage of consumers’ curiosity about new commodities and make it a marketing strategy. E．Rather, the sounds already had meaning and thus triggered a series of reactions: hunger, thirst, happy expectation. F．You flip right past newspaper ads, never click on ads online and leave the room during TV commercials. 【答案】47．F 48．A 49．E 50．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了我们在日常生活中总是试图远离广告，但这是徒劳的，广告对我们的影响是巨大的。 【详解】47．前文“If you’re like most people, you think you are smart enough to avoid advertising.（如果你和大多数人一样，你认为自己足够聪明，可以远离广告。）”说明常人对广告的错误认知，后文“That, at least, is what we tell ourselves. But what we tell ourselves is wrong. Advertising works, which is why, even in hard economic times, Madison Avenue is a $34 billion-a-year business.（至少，这是我们告诉自己的。但我们告诉自己的是错误的。广告是有效的，这就是为什么即使在经济困难时期，麦迪逊大道也是一家年收入340亿美元的企业。）”举例子说明人们的主观感受是错误的。选项F（你掠过报纸广告的信息，从不点击在线广告，在电视广告期间离开房间）承接前文，指出“聪明的”人们是如何远离广告的，又呼应了下文对人们主观认为的“看似聪明”的做法的评价，that指代的便是选项F中人们的做法。故选F。 48．前文的“According to his studies, 83% of all forms of advertising principally engage only one of our senses; sight. Hearing, however, can be just as powerful, though advertisers have taken only limited advantage of it. Historically, ads have relied on slogans to catch our ear, largely ignoring everyday sounds—a steak sizzling, a baby laughing and other noises our bodies can’t help paying attention to. （根据他的研究，83%的所有形式的广告主要只涉及我们的一种感官：视觉。然而，听觉也同样强大，尽管广告商只是有限地利用了它。从历史上看，广告一直依靠口号来吸引我们的耳朵，而在很大程度上忽略了日常的声音——牛排嘶嘶作响、婴儿大笑和其他我们身体忍不住要注意的声音。）”提到了过去的广告忽略了声音的作用，A项（把这些东西编进广告活动，我们可能无力抵抗。）承接上文，说明声音对顾客的影响是很大的，选项中的this stuff指的便是前文出现的“a steak sizzling, a baby laughing and other noises our bodies can’t help paying attention to（牛排嘶嘶作响、婴儿大笑和其他我们身体忍不住要注意的声音）”，故选A。 49．前文“In all of these cases, it didn’t take a professional to invent the sounds, infuse them with meaning and then play them over and over until the subjects internalized them. （在所有这些情况下，不需要专业人员就可以创造声音并赋予其意义，也不需要反复播放直到受试者将其内化。）”提到了。 E项（而这些声音已经有了意义，因此引发了一系列反应，即对“饥饿、口渴、快乐”的期待。）承接前文，说明，这些声音能够吸引顾客产生购买的欲望，无需额外做什么，解决本题的关键词是前文出现的“it didn’t take…”，其中的not与选项E的rather建立了语义上的联系，“not…rather…”解释为“不是……而是……”。故选E。 50．前文“ the blasted things kept going off in movie theatres.（电影院里的喧闹声此起彼伏）”提到了让人们感到反感的声音，C选项（微软初创公司的声音也出现了类似的负面联想。）承接前文，指出了微软初创公司的类似情况，与后文的“ because people so often hear it when they are rebooting after their computer has crashed（因为人们在电脑崩溃后重新启动时经常听到这种声音）”相呼应，C选项中的it指的是“微软初创公司电脑崩溃后重新启动时的声音”。故选C。 III. Summary Writing (10分) 51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Yoga, meditation may help reduce childhood anxiety Anxiety disorders affect more than one in four adolescents from the ages of 13 to 18, and many of them are treated with medications to try and help them live a relatively healthy childhood. But a team of researchers from the University of Cincinnati set out to explore other treatment options that focus more on the mind and less on pharmaceutical(药物的) solutions. Their study, published in the Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, recruited nine participants who were diagnosed with anxiety disorders between 9 and 16 years of age. These conditions included generalized, social and separation anxiety disorder as well as having a parent with anxiety disorder. Over the course of 12 weeks, each participant underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans while they practiced mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, a wide range of therapeutic techniques that include meditation, yoga, and learning how to pay nonjudgmental attention to one’s life. “These integrative approaches expand traditional treatments and offer new strategies for coping with psychological distress,”said the study’s co-author Sian Cotton, director of the UC’s Center for Integrative Health and Wellness, in a statement. Mindfulness-based therapeutic interventions promote the use of meditative practices to increase present-moment awareness of conscious thoughts, feelings, and body sensations in an effort to manage negative experiences more effectively. Cotton noted the anxiety of their patients was significantly reduced following treatment, and the more mindfulness they practiced, the less anxious they felt. Both findings reaffirm the potential that mindfulness therapy could bring to the table. If nothing else, it might allow people who would be reluctant to take medication more treatments to choose from. “Increasingly, patients and families are asking for additional therapeutic options, in addition to traditional medication-based treatments, that have proven effectiveness for improved symptom reduction. Mindfulness-based therapies for mood disorders is one such example with promising evidence,”said Cotton, adding the university is both studying and implementing these therapies. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】To explore cognitive therapies other than pharmaceutical treatment for anxiety disorders, a university research team found mindfulness therapy helps reduce childhood anxiety significantly through increased consciousness of present feelings and body sensations. Mindfulness therapy allows patients more treatment options. With patients’ increasing demand for additional therapeutic options, the university is now working on these therapies. (55 words) 【导语】本文主要介绍了辛辛那提大学研究团队发现正念疗法能显著减轻儿童焦虑，并为患者提供更多治疗选择。 【详解】1.要点摘录   ①But a team of researchers from the University of Cincinnati set out to explore other treatment options that focus more on the mind and less on pharmaceutical (药物的) solutions. ②Over the course of 12 weeks, each participant underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans while they practiced mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, a wide range of therapeutic techniques that include meditation, yoga, and learning how to pay nonjudgmental attention to one’s life. ③Mindfulness-based therapeutic interventions promote the use of meditative practices to increase present-moment awareness of conscious thoughts, feelings, and body sensations in an effort to manage negative experiences more effectively. ④Cotton noted the anxiety of their patients was significantly reduced following treatment, and the more mindfulness they practiced, the less anxious they felt.   ⑤If nothing else, it might allow people who would be reluctant to take medication more treatments to choose from.   ⑥Increasingly, patients and families are asking for additional therapeutic options, in addition to traditional medication-based treatments, that have proven effectiveness for improved symptom reduction. 2.缜密构思   第①②③三个要点进行重组为“研究目的+方法+机制”，将第⑤⑥要点进行整合为“需求驱动+提供更多选择”的因果关系，④句作为独立要点，说明研究结果——焦虑显著减轻。 3.遣词造句   A university team explored non-drug treatments for childhood anxiety through mindfulness therapy including meditation and yoga, which increases awareness of present feelings and body sensations. The therapy significantly reduced patients’ anxiety.   With growing demand for extra options, it offers more choices and the university is developing it further. 【点睛】【高分句型1】To explore cognitive therapies other than pharmaceutical treatment for anxiety disorders, a university research team found mindfulness therapy helps reduce childhood anxiety significantly through increased consciousness of present feelings and body sensations. (运用了不定式作目的状语，以及省略了that引导的宾语从句)   【高分句型2】With patients’ increasing demand for additional therapeutic options, the university is now working on these therapies. (运用了with构成的介词短语作状语。) IV. Translation (15分) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52．经过热烈的讨论，大家一致认为是他开创了这一先河。(credit)(汉译英) __________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】After the heated discussion, he was credited with pioneering the way/set the precedent by everyone. 【详解】表示“经过热烈的讨论”为after the heated discussion；主语为he；表示“被大家一致认为……”为be credited with…by everyone，此处发生在过去，与主语构成被动关系，为一般过去时的被动语态；表示“开创了这一先河”为pioneering the way或set the precedent。 53．消息传来在告别会上所有在场的同学和老师都畅所欲言。(Word) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Word came that all the students and teachers present expressed themselves freely at the farewell party. 【详解】表示“消息传来”句型为word come that…；表示“在场的所有同学和老师”为all the students and teachers present，作主语；表示“畅所欲言”为express oneself freely；表示“在告别会上”为at the farewell party。动作发生在过去为一般过去时。 54．虽然啤酒的库存即将售罄，但是该团队正在致力于准备更多类似的产品。(work) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Although supplies of the beer are running out, the team is working on preparing more similar products. 【详解】引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”用although；表示“啤酒的库存”为supplies of the beer；表示“即将售罄”为短语run out，此处为现在进行时表将来；表示“该团队”为名词team，作主语；表示“致力于”为work on，为现在进行时；表示“准备更多类似的产品”为动名词短语preparing more similar products，作宾语。 55．显然，知道灾害发生的可能性比50年前增加了多少倍可促使新的公共卫生政策出台。(how) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It’s obvious that knowing how much more likely a disaster is going to happen than it was 50 years ago can help with the release of the new public health policy. 【详解】“显然”可用固定句型it’s obvious that…，其中it为形式主语，that引导的名词性从句为真正的主语；主语从句中“知道灾害发生的可能性比50年前增加了多少倍”为主语，可用动名词形式，“知道”可用动词know；“灾害发生的可能性增加了多少倍”可用how引导宾语从句，“灾害发生”描述将来的事，时态用一般将来时，可用a disaster is going to happen，“可能性增加了多少倍”可用how much more likely，“比50年前”可用比较状语从句than it was 50 years ago，时态用一般过去时；谓语“可促使”可用情态动词can和动词短语help with，宾语“新的公共卫生政策出台”可用名词短语the release of the new public health policy。 V. Guided Writing (25分) 56．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假如你是大同中学的高三学生江海波，你的学校决定延长下课15分钟并增设体育运动，现向同学们征集意见。你对此有一些想法，便写信给学生会。信件内容包括： 1. 具体的活动安排； 2. 设计这些活动的理由。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Members of the Student Union, I’m Jiang Haibo, a senior three student from Datong Middle School. I’m writing to share my ideas on the school’s decision to extend breaks by 15 minutes and add physical activities. For the activity arrangement, I suggest dividing the 15 minutes into two parts. The first 10 minutes can be for free sports, such as running, jumping rope and playing badminton. The last 5 minutes should be used for students to rest and prepare for the next class. There are two main reasons for this design. On one hand, senior three students are under great study pressure, and proper exercise can help us relax our bodies and relieve stress. On the other hand, short and flexible activities won’t make us tired, but can refresh our minds, enabling us to focus better on subsequent studies. I hope my suggestions will be helpful. Looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely, Jiang Haibo 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。学校决定延长下课15分钟并增设体育运动，要求考生以江海波的名义给学生会写信，说明自己对此的想法。 【详解】1.词汇积累 主要的：main → principal/primary 适当的：proper → appropriate 减轻：relieve → ease/decrease 劳累的：tired → exhausted 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：On the other hand, short and flexible activities won’t make us tired, but can refresh our minds, enabling us to focus better on subsequent studies. 拓展句：On the other hand, short and flexible activities won’t make us tired, but can refresh our minds, which enables us to focus better on subsequent studies. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m writing to share my ideas on the school’s decision to extend breaks by 15 minutes and add physical activities.(运用了不定式作后置定语修饰名词decision) 【高分句型2】I hope my suggestions will be helpful.(运用了省略了连接词that的宾语从句) 2 / 22 1 / 22 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $