2027年高考英语一轮复习调研卷（上海卷03）

**基本信息** 聚焦时代热点与学科素养，通过科技前沿、社会现象等真实情境，实现语言基础巩固与综合能力提升的有机统一，适配高考一轮复习需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法词汇|20分|词形变化、介词运用、词汇辨析|Section B以太空探索、基因编辑等科技素材设题，考查语境中词汇运用，体现文化意识与思维品质| |阅读理解|45分|细节理解、推理判断、主旨大意|Section C探讨全球化与文化多样性，引导辩证思考；健康主题（早餐 timing）贴近生活，培养信息筛选与逻辑分析能力| |概要写作/翻译/应用文|55分|信息整合、语言表达、篇章构建|概要写作要求提炼森林火灾益处，考查思维逻辑性；应用文"梦想点亮人生"引导价值表达，提升语言能力与学习能力|

2027年高考一轮复习调研卷（上海卷03） 英语·参考答案 II. Grammar and Vocabulary (共20 分。每小题1分) Section A 1．even though 2．have disappeared 3．to spend 4．may/might 5．who 6．Living 7．is resold/will be resold 8．into 9．shared 10．why Section B 11．B 12．K 13．I 14．E 15．A 16．F 17．H 18．J 19．C 20．D III. Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A 21．B 22．C 23．D 24．A 25．A 26．C 27．B 28．C 29．A 30．B 31．A 32．C 33．B 34．C 35．B Section B 36．D 37．B 38．D 39．A 40．D 41．B 42．C 43．D 44．C 45．B 46．A Section C 【答案】47．C 48．B 49．E 50．A IV. Summary Writing (共10 分) Contrary to people’s expectations, forest fires benefit trees and soil. They help remove the understory, decreasing the risk of high-temperature fires and enabling tall trees to grow better. Thanks to forest fires, litter turns into fertile soil by releasing many significant elements, helping trees to grow. So, now foresters often let the fire burn if it doesn’t threaten human habitation. (58 words) V. Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题，每题3分；第3题4分；第4题5分。) 【52】Would it be convenient for you to meet me this afternoon? 【53】The technical plan for cultivating seedless watermelons must be submitted within three days. 【54】Founded in 1976, the museum has a large collection of works of art, including more than 300 oil paintings. 【55】He was about to show the security guard his ticket for the open-air concert when it occurred to him that he had left it in the luggage locker. V. Guided Writing (共25分)                                                                 Dream Lightens Life My dream is to become an English teacher, inspiring students to embrace the beauty of language. This vision has transformed my life by filling it with purpose. With this goal, I actively engage in language clubs, read educational books, and volunteer to tutor classmates. These experiences not only deepen my knowledge but also cultivate empathy and leadership. Dreams act as guiding stars. They motivate us to overcome challenges and turn ordinary days into meaningful journeys. For me, every small effort brings me closer to my classroom dream. To achieve dreams, persistence and adaptability are vital. We must stay focused despite setbacks and adjust strategies when needed. With passion and resilience, I am confident that my dream will light up my life and lead me to a fulfilling career. 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2027年高考一轮复习调研卷（上海卷03） 英语·全解全析 （笔试部分） II. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Why Going Shopping Might Make a Comeback Isn’t it strange that the less we go to the shops, the more we actually shop? We now purchase more things than ever, 1 ______ we rarely leave the comfort of our sofa. The old rituals of shopping — taking the bus into town, walking through the crowded store, exchanging small talk with sales assistants — 2 (disappear). So has the simple satisfaction of carrying home shopping bags after a long day. Today, a few taps on a phone are enough 3 (spend) our hard-earned money. Within days, our parcels arrive neatly at the doorstep. This process feels effortless, but it 4 also have made us careless. The saying “Buy less, buy better” sounds admirable, yet few of us actually follow it. The average person in the UK now buys around 28 new pieces of clothing a year. Even those 5 agree that high-quality products last longer often end up choosing the cheaper option. 6 (live) in an age of global uncertainty, many people hesitate to plan for the long term. When the future feels unclear, we are more likely to grab the affordable version now and delay the idea of investing in something that lasts. Some defend their habits by saying they return much of what they buy, but that is no real solution. Studies show that only about half of returned clothing 7 (resell), while the rest goes directly to landfill. The explosion of digital shopping has, in fact, made us less skilled consumers. Perfect lighting and clever photography tempt us 8 buying poorly made items that look great on a screen but disappointing in real life. Shopping was once an experience — part social, part emotional. For many, the joy came not from the purchase itself but from the laughter 9 (share) in a fitting room or the coffee after a long day in town. Perhaps that is 10 , after years of online shopping, the simple act of going shopping might finally be ready for a comeback. Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．addressing         B．boundaries       C． generative     D．initially      E. remove   F. approved   G. aboriginally      H. released           I. sample            J. overtake      K. traffic The exploration of vast space, the manipulation of genes for medical treatment, the growth of green technology, the advancement of AI… Science and technology know no 11 . What wonders await in 2025? Space “ 12 ” this year will be no less busy than in 2024, with global space agencies pursuing ambitious goals. China launched its first mission of the year on Jan 7 with a Long March 3B rocket. The country’s 2025 plan also includes Shenzhou manned missions and Tianzhou cargo missions to the Tiangong space station, along with the Tianwen‑2 mission to 13 a near‑Earth asteroid. The US plans to conduct several lunar missions with companies like Intuitive Machines, and SpaceX’s Starship hopes to complete 25 test flights throughout the year. Additionally, a collaboration between China and the European Union will see the launch of the SMILE satellite to study the interaction between solar wind and Earth’s magnetic field, enhancing our understanding of the Sun‑Earth relationship. Genome editing, or gene editing, will continue to inspire enthusiasm in 2025. It comprises a group of technologies that allow scientists to add, 14 or alter genetic materials at particular locations on the long stretches of DNA of living beings, including humans. In this way, certain diseases, like cancer and diabetes, can be treated by 15 their root causes rather than relying on medication or surgery. One of the most popular tools is CRISPR, “genetic scissors” that won Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer Doudna the Nobel Prize in 2020. The first CRISPR treatment, Casgevy, was 16 in the UK and the US in 2023 for two blood disorders. Over 30 CRISPR trials were ongoing worldwide by October 2024, and more are expected this year. Last year was the hottest on record, highlighting the significance of green technology in 2025. One key green technology is carbon capture and storage (CCS), which involves separating CO₂ from other gases at emission sources before they are 17 into the atmosphere, and transporting the CO₂ to an underground location to be stored. CCS projects are now storing about 45 million tons of CO₂ yearly, roughly equal to the emissions of 10 million cars. In 2025, Norway will complete Europe’s first full‑scale CCS project, and the UK will invest around 160 billion yuan in similar projects. The growth of clean energy continues, with wind and solar power expected to 18 coal in electricity generation. Tech giants like Google and Microsoft are also turning to nuclear energy to power their AI data centers. Generative AI like ChatGPT brought major changes in 2024. In 2025, AI agents that can sense and make decisions independently will be a top technology trend, predicts the US firm Gartner. By 2028, these AI agents will likely be handling 15 percent of day‑to‑day work decisions, said the firm. Unlike 19 AI, which creates content based on prompts, agentic AI is proactive and solves complex problems on its own. AI agents 20 will handle routine tasks like filling reports. Eventually, they will manage systems independently. For example, an app‑based agent can plan your vacation by booking flights, hotels and restaurants, remembering your preferences. III. Reading Comprehension (共45分。 21-25每题1分；36-50每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context Exams are stressful. The silence of the hall; the eye of the invigilator (监考人员); the 21 expression of the person sitting at the neighbouring desk who has finished 15 minutes early. It therefore seems 22 surprising that those who worry about taking tests do systematically worse than those who do not. What is, perhaps, 23 , according to research published recently in Psychological Science by Maria Theobald and her colleagues, is that it is not the pressure of the exam hall which causes the problem. It is the pressure of 24 . Dr Theobald theorised that if anxiety was truly 25 with a student’s ability to transfer known information from brain to paper via pen, then those with high levels of it would perform worse in a real exam than in either a mock (模拟) beforehand or during online practice sessions. 26 , she expected this performance-drop to correlate with levels of self-reported exam nerves. She then worked with 309 German medical students who were preparing for their final state exam. During the 100 days before the actual papers, all her volunteers used a digital-learning platform which presented them with old exam questions and 27 their performance. They also sat a mock examination 40 days before the real thing. To 28 their levels of anxiety, they were asked, every day for 40 days in the run up to the real exam and also on the day of that exam, to respond on a five-point scale to statements like, “I feel tense and nervous”. On the day of the mock they were similarly asked to 29 statements like, “I worry whether I have studied enough”. Contrary to Dr Theobald’s expectation, anxiety on the day of the test did not predict exam performance at all. What did predict it was the level of knowledge a student displayed in the mock exam and the earlier digital-learning activities. Those who performed well in these also did well in the real thing, 30 how anxious they were on the day. What actually 31 students, it turned out, were high levels of anxiety during the weeks before the exam took place. The greater a student’s anxiety in the days before the exam, the lower his or her knowledge-gain was during that period, leaving that student with less material to regurgitate (照搬) during the exam itself. And this, paradoxically (自相矛盾似地), is a positive discovery, for it suggests a change of 32 to revision by the anxious might help improve their results. Dr Theobald notes that test-anxiety is at its worst when students have 33 expectations of success and simultaneously know that passing the exam is exceedingly important. To reduce this anxiety, she proposes a two-fold strategy for students to consider as they revise. First, they can raise their belief in their own 34 by reminding themselves of just how much they know. Second, they can decrease the 35 of the test by reminding themselves that, while it is important, it is not a life or death situation. It really isn’t. Really. 21．A．puzzled B．satisfied C．pained D．worried 22．A．extremely B．wholly C．hardly D．slightly 23．A．critical B．predictable C．coincident D．surprising 24．A．revision B．anxiety C．expectancy D．complexity 25．A．interfering B．agreeing C．struggling D．engaging 26．A．Therefore B．Nevertheless C．Moreover D．Instead 27．A．boosted B．logged C．drilled D．affected 28．A．function B．exceed C．assess D．relieve 29．A．rate B．respond C．confirm D．answer 30．A．in spite of B．regardless of C．contrary to D．in line with 31．A．prevented B．predicted C．dismissed D．comforted 32．A．resolution B．medication C．approach D．mentality 33．A．optimistic B．low C．reasonable D．unrealistic 34．A．forces B．blessings C．abilities D．merits 35．A．pressure B．significance C．anxiety D．security Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) In life, we often face challenges that seem impossible to overcome. But it is often during these tough times that tales of extraordinary bravery and perseverance surface. Cara Brookins’ story of changing her family’s lives is an example of this. Cara Brookins, a mother of four, found herself emotionally tired after ending her unlucky marriage. With limited money, finding a suitable home for her four children seemed impossible. Therefore, she made a plan to build their own home from scratch, even though the idea seemed unconventional and a little crazy. Cara purchased a one-acre plot of land and secured a construction loan of approximately $150,000. But completing their home was far from easy. Without previous experience of building homes, Cara learned everything, from laying the foundations to running gas lines and setting up plumbing, through online courses. However, the courses on YouTube were often confusing, and there were countless ways to approach a single task. Recognizing that, Cara decided to hire a part-time firefighter with building experience. To balance work and study, Cara committed herself to the project, often working late into the night. Fortunately, the Brookins family has a strong tradition of tackling challenges together as a family. Fifteen-year-old Drew assisted his mother in designing plans, while eleven-year-old Jada transported water from a neighbor’s pond. And Jada played a crucial role in mixing it with concrete. Nine months later, the Brookins family moved into their new five-bedroom home, which they named the Inkwell Manor. For Cara Brookins, building their own shelter was not something to be proud of. However, it turned out to be the most encouraging thing she could have done for herself and her children. Through this experience, she has discovered that there is enormous power in setting a goal and persevering. She believes that anyone can achieve greatness if they decide on a single aim and take small steps towards it. 36．What eventually helped Cara clear up her confusion in building techniques? A．Her determination to reunite her family. B．The skills she learned through online courses. C．Her reflection on her building experience. D．The guidance of the experienced firefighter. 37．Which best describes Cara in rebuilding her house? A．Intelligent and creative. B．Devoted and modest. C．Knowledgeable and patient. D．Professional and thoughtful. 38．What does paragraph 4 show about the Inkwell Manor? A．It improved Cara’s relationship with her children. B．It reflected advanced home building technology. C．It was an example of creative house design. D．It was the fruit of the family’s joint efforts 39．What did Cara learn through her experience? A．Where there’s a will there’s a way. B．Adversity is the midwife of genius. C．Sharp tools make good work. D．It’s never too late to learn. (B) What is IBRANCE? IBRANCE is a prescription medicine used to treat HR+ and HER2- breast cancer that has spread to other parts of the body. Important Safety Information for Patients Before you take TBRANCE, tell your doctor if you:     have fever, chills, or any other signs or symptoms of infection     have liver or kidney problems     have any other medical conditions     are pregnant or plan to become pregnant: IBRANCE can harm your unborn baby. IBRANCE may cause serious side effects, including: Low white blood cell counts. If you develop low white blood cell counts during treatment with IBRANCE your doctor may stop your treatment, decrease your dose, or may tell you to wait to begin your treatment cycle. Tell your doctor right away if you have signs and symptoms of low white blood cell counts or infections such as fever and chills. Common side effects of IBRANCE include:     low red blood cell counts     tiredness     dizziness     bleeding or getting hurt more easily     shortness of breath     sore mouth     nose bleeds     infections     hair thinning or hair loss     loss of appetite IBRANCE may cause fertility problems in males. This may affect your ability to father a child. Talk to your doctor if this is a concern for you. These are not all of the possible side effects of IBRANCE. For more information, ask your doctor. Tell your doctor if you have any side effect that bothers you or does not go away. Tell your doctor about all of the medicines you take, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements. IBRANCE and other medicines may affect each other, causing side effects. Do not drink grapefruit juice or eat grapefruit products while taking IBRANCE as they may increase the amount of IBRANCE in your blood. Tell your doctor if you start a new medicine. Take IBRANCE exactly as your doctor tells you. If you take too much IBRANCE, call your doctor right away or go to the nearest hospital emergency room. You are encouraged to report negative side effects of prescription drugs to the FDA．Visit www.fda.gov/medwatch or call 1-800-1088. Can’t afford your medication? Pfizer may be able to help. Visit IBRANCE.com. 40．What will NOT the doctor do if you are found to be suffering from low white blood cell counts? A．Stop you from taking IBRANCE. B．Give you less IBRANCE pills. C．Suspend your current treatment cycle. D．Check all the medicines you are taking now. 41．What may not be caused by IBRANCE? A．Low red blood cell counts. B．Liver or kidney problems. C．Bleeding noses. D．Mouth pains. 42．Which of the following statements is true? A．Treatment with IBRANCE is really expensive, so only rich people can afford this treatment. B．It is all right if one has forgotten to take IBRANCE today. Double the amount to be taken tomorrow. C．If a male wants to become a father in the near future, he should stop taking IBRANCE. D．One can eat whatever they want during treatment with IBRANCE. (C) Recent studies in nutritional science emphasize that when we eat may be just as important as what we eat, particularly regarding our first meal of the day. The longstanding debate about breakfast timing has gained new scientific backing from research conducted at the University of California, San Francisco, published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism in January 2024. The UCSF study defined “early breakfast” as eating within two hours of waking, and “late breakfast” as eating more than four hours after waking. Researchers tracked metabolic (代谢的) markers in two groups of participants over a 12-week period. The findings revealed significant differences in how the body processed nutrients based on breakfast timing. Early breakfast eaters demonstrated improved insulin sensitivity, better blood sugar regulation throughout the day, and reduced inflammation markers. They also reported feeling more energetic and experiencing weaker urge for food. Late breakfast eaters, conversely, showed higher levels of cortisol in the morning, more difficulty regulating appetite, and a tendency to consume more calories later in the day, particularly in the evening. Dr. Sarah Mitchell, a nutritionist based in Chicago, emphasizes that while the findings are compelling, breakfast timing must be adapted to individual circumstances. Shift workers, people with medical conditions, and those with irregular schedules need to find patterns that work for their specific situations rather than following rigid guidelines. Dr. Mitchell offers practical advice for those whose routines don’t accommodate an early breakfast. She recommends having a light snack soon after waking, followed by a proper breakfast later, rather than skipping breakfast entirely. This approach helps stabilize blood sugar and prevents overeating later. Additionally, paying attention to the composition of breakfast — prioritizing protein and fiber over simple carbohydrates — can significantly improve the metabolic response. The message is clear: the breakfast debate extends beyond nutrients to include timing. Healthy eating isn’t merely about counting calories but also about matching our food intake with our body’s natural rhythms. 43．What did the UCSF study primarily investigate? A．The nutritional value of different breakfast foods. B．The relationship between breakfast and weight loss. C．The health risks of skipping breakfast. D．The effect of breakfast timing on metabolism. 44．What does the underlined word “conversely” in paragraph 3 most probably mean? A．Therefore. B．Besides. C．In contrast. D．Meanwhile. 45．What advice does Dr. Mitchell give to late breakfast eaters? A．Skip breakfast to reduce calorie intake. B．Eat a small snack soon after waking. C．Consume only protein for breakfast. D．Have breakfast exactly two hours after waking. 46．What is the best title for this passage? A．How Breakfast Timing Affects Your Health B．Breakfast: The Most Important Meal of the Day C．The Role of Nutrition in Modern Life D．Why You Should Never Skip Breakfast Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Cultural Diversity in an Age of Globalization Globalization has connected the world in ways our grandparents could scarcely have imagined. Products, ideas, and cultural expressions now flow across borders with unprecedented speed. 47 On one hand, this exchange enriches societies with new foods, music, art forms, and perspectives; on the other, it raises concerns about cultural homogenization — the fear that local traditions and identities will be swallowed by a global monoculture. Critics of globalization often point to the spread of American fast-food chains, Hollywood movies, and English-language pop music as evidence of cultural imperialism. 48 In Japan, for example, baseball — an American import — has been thoroughly Japanized over more than a century, becoming intertwined with local values of discipline, teamwork, and respect. Similarly, South Korean pop music, or K-pop, borrows heavily from American hip-hop and electronic dance music but infuses these genres with distinctly Korean aesthetics and training systems. Moreover, globalization can actually revitalize local cultures rather than destroy them. When a traditional craft or performance gains international recognition, it often experiences a revival at home. 49 The global popularity of yoga is another example: while some lament its commercialization, the international interest has also funded the preservation of classical yoga traditions in India that might otherwise have declined. The key to maintaining cultural diversity in a globalized world may lie in what sociologists call “glocalization” — the adaptation of global influences to local contexts.   50 When communities feel secure in their cultural identity, they are more likely to engage with outside influences creatively rather than defensively. Ultimately, cultures have always borrowed from one another. What is different today is the speed and scale of the exchange, not the fundamental process. The challenge for the twenty-first century is not to stop cultural cross-pollination — an impossible task — but to ensure that the benefits of cultural exchange are shared equitably and that no culture is forced to sacrifice its identity in the process. A．This phenomenon recognizes that cultural exchange is never a one-way street but a process of creative adaptation. B．But history shows that cultures rarely adopt foreign influences wholesale without adapting them to local sensibilities. C．This has sparked an intense debate about whether cultural diversity is under threat. D．The economic benefits of cultural tourism have transformed many developing nations. E．For instance, the international fashion industry’s interest in traditional Chinese embroidery has led to a surge of young people in China learning this ancient craft. F．The disappearance of minority languages has accelerated dramatically in the last century. IV. Summary Writing 51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. The Beneficial Effects of Forest Fires Forest fires are undoubtedly a threat. In the mid-1900s, all forest burns were considered undesirable, and firefighters responded to all of these fires whether or not they were burning close to where humans lived. This approach to forest fires was both expensive and risky. However, more recently forest managers began to see that forest fires did have benefits. Foresters saw that forest fires were beneficial for trees and soil. Previously, people believed that forest fires caused irreparable damage to trees; however, now forest managers know that trees are the major beneficiaries of fires. Many naturally occurring forest fires, often caused by lightning strikes, are surface fires that burn the understory — the shrubs and herbs from the forest — without damaging the trees in the overstory. In this way, the fire eliminates competition from the smaller trees, allowing the larger trees to flourish. Once the understory has been burned away, the forest is less likely to burn from high-temperature fires that can do real damage to the tall trees. In the past, it was not obvious how forest fires enriched the soil. Today, foresters understand that forest fires improve soil quality by changing the ‘litter’ — dead leaves and branches on the forest floor — to nutrient-rich soil. Normally, litter decomposes very slowly. However, fire releases the nutrients in the litter immediately. This creates an increase in the amount of phosphorus and potassium which are key elements that promote tree growth. As forest managers have learned more about the long-term effects of forest fires, they have realized that forest fires can have beneficial effects and have changed their forest management practices to reflect this new opinion. It is now recognized that forest fires are a natural part of forest ecosystems and are beneficial to the trees and soil. As long as fires are no threat to homes and communities, foresters now often choose to do nothing to stop the fires. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V. Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 52．你今天下午方便抽空来跟我见个面吗？（convenient）（汉译英） _______________________________________________________________________________ 53．培育无籽西瓜的技术方案须在三天内提交。 （submit）（汉译英） _____________________________________________________________ 54．建立于1976年的这家博物馆收藏了大量艺术品，包括300多幅油画。(collection) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 55．正要给保安出示露天音乐会的门票时，他突然想起来是把它给落在行李寄存柜了。(occur) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ VI. Guided Writing (共25分) 56．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below. 某英语杂志社正在举行征稿活动，主题为“梦想点亮人生 (Dream Lightens Life)”。请你用英语写一篇小短文，向该杂志投稿，要点如下： 1. 你的梦想是什么; 2. 阐述拥有梦想如何点亮人生，使你的生活变得不同; 3. 你认为实现梦想需要什么。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第2页（共12页） 试卷第1页（共12页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2027年高考一轮复习调研卷（上海卷03） 英语·全解全析 （笔试部分） II. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Why Going Shopping Might Make a Comeback Isn’t it strange that the less we go to the shops, the more we actually shop? We now purchase more things than ever, 1 ______ we rarely leave the comfort of our sofa. The old rituals of shopping — taking the bus into town, walking through the crowded store, exchanging small talk with sales assistants — 2 (disappear). So has the simple satisfaction of carrying home shopping bags after a long day. Today, a few taps on a phone are enough 3 (spend) our hard-earned money. Within days, our parcels arrive neatly at the doorstep. This process feels effortless, but it 4 also have made us careless. The saying “Buy less, buy better” sounds admirable, yet few of us actually follow it. The average person in the UK now buys around 28 new pieces of clothing a year. Even those 5 agree that high-quality products last longer often end up choosing the cheaper option. 6 (live) in an age of global uncertainty, many people hesitate to plan for the long term. When the future feels unclear, we are more likely to grab the affordable version now and delay the idea of investing in something that lasts. Some defend their habits by saying they return much of what they buy, but that is no real solution. Studies show that only about half of returned clothing 7 (resell), while the rest goes directly to landfill. The explosion of digital shopping has, in fact, made us less skilled consumers. Perfect lighting and clever photography tempt us 8 buying poorly made items that look great on a screen but disappointing in real life. Shopping was once an experience — part social, part emotional. For many, the joy came not from the purchase itself but from the laughter 9 (share) in a fitting room or the coffee after a long day in town. Perhaps that is 10 , after years of online shopping, the simple act of going shopping might finally be ready for a comeback. Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．addressing         B．boundaries       C． generative     D．initially      E. remove   F. approved   G. aboriginally      H. released           I. sample            J. overtake      K. traffic The exploration of vast space, the manipulation of genes for medical treatment, the growth of green technology, the advancement of AI… Science and technology know no 11 . What wonders await in 2025? Space “ 12 ” this year will be no less busy than in 2024, with global space agencies pursuing ambitious goals. China launched its first mission of the year on Jan 7 with a Long March 3B rocket. The country’s 2025 plan also includes Shenzhou manned missions and Tianzhou cargo missions to the Tiangong space station, along with the Tianwen‑2 mission to 13 a near‑Earth asteroid. The US plans to conduct several lunar missions with companies like Intuitive Machines, and SpaceX’s Starship hopes to complete 25 test flights throughout the year. Additionally, a collaboration between China and the European Union will see the launch of the SMILE satellite to study the interaction between solar wind and Earth’s magnetic field, enhancing our understanding of the Sun‑Earth relationship. Genome editing, or gene editing, will continue to inspire enthusiasm in 2025. It comprises a group of technologies that allow scientists to add, 14 or alter genetic materials at particular locations on the long stretches of DNA of living beings, including humans. In this way, certain diseases, like cancer and diabetes, can be treated by 15 their root causes rather than relying on medication or surgery. One of the most popular tools is CRISPR, “genetic scissors” that won Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer Doudna the Nobel Prize in 2020. The first CRISPR treatment, Casgevy, was 16 in the UK and the US in 2023 for two blood disorders. Over 30 CRISPR trials were ongoing worldwide by October 2024, and more are expected this year. Last year was the hottest on record, highlighting the significance of green technology in 2025. One key green technology is carbon capture and storage (CCS), which involves separating CO₂ from other gases at emission sources before they are 17 into the atmosphere, and transporting the CO₂ to an underground location to be stored. CCS projects are now storing about 45 million tons of CO₂ yearly, roughly equal to the emissions of 10 million cars. In 2025, Norway will complete Europe’s first full‑scale CCS project, and the UK will invest around 160 billion yuan in similar projects. The growth of clean energy continues, with wind and solar power expected to 18 coal in electricity generation. Tech giants like Google and Microsoft are also turning to nuclear energy to power their AI data centers. Generative AI like ChatGPT brought major changes in 2024. In 2025, AI agents that can sense and make decisions independently will be a top technology trend, predicts the US firm Gartner. By 2028, these AI agents will likely be handling 15 percent of day‑to‑day work decisions, said the firm. Unlike 19 AI, which creates content based on prompts, agentic AI is proactive and solves complex problems on its own. AI agents 20 will handle routine tasks like filling reports. Eventually, they will manage systems independently. For example, an app‑based agent can plan your vacation by booking flights, hotels and restaurants, remembering your preferences. III. Reading Comprehension (共45分。 21-25每题1分；36-50每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context Exams are stressful. The silence of the hall; the eye of the invigilator (监考人员); the 21 expression of the person sitting at the neighbouring desk who has finished 15 minutes early. It therefore seems 22 surprising that those who worry about taking tests do systematically worse than those who do not. What is, perhaps, 23 , according to research published recently in Psychological Science by Maria Theobald and her colleagues, is that it is not the pressure of the exam hall which causes the problem. It is the pressure of 24 . Dr Theobald theorised that if anxiety was truly 25 with a student’s ability to transfer known information from brain to paper via pen, then those with high levels of it would perform worse in a real exam than in either a mock (模拟) beforehand or during online practice sessions. 26 , she expected this performance-drop to correlate with levels of self-reported exam nerves. She then worked with 309 German medical students who were preparing for their final state exam. During the 100 days before the actual papers, all her volunteers used a digital-learning platform which presented them with old exam questions and 27 their performance. They also sat a mock examination 40 days before the real thing. To 28 their levels of anxiety, they were asked, every day for 40 days in the run up to the real exam and also on the day of that exam, to respond on a five-point scale to statements like, “I feel tense and nervous”. On the day of the mock they were similarly asked to 29 statements like, “I worry whether I have studied enough”. Contrary to Dr Theobald’s expectation, anxiety on the day of the test did not predict exam performance at all. What did predict it was the level of knowledge a student displayed in the mock exam and the earlier digital-learning activities. Those who performed well in these also did well in the real thing, 30 how anxious they were on the day. What actually 31 students, it turned out, were high levels of anxiety during the weeks before the exam took place. The greater a student’s anxiety in the days before the exam, the lower his or her knowledge-gain was during that period, leaving that student with less material to regurgitate (照搬) during the exam itself. And this, paradoxically (自相矛盾似地), is a positive discovery, for it suggests a change of 32 to revision by the anxious might help improve their results. Dr Theobald notes that test-anxiety is at its worst when students have 33 expectations of success and simultaneously know that passing the exam is exceedingly important. To reduce this anxiety, she proposes a two-fold strategy for students to consider as they revise. First, they can raise their belief in their own 34 by reminding themselves of just how much they know. Second, they can decrease the 35 of the test by reminding themselves that, while it is important, it is not a life or death situation. It really isn’t. Really. 21．A．puzzled B．satisfied C．pained D．worried 22．A．extremely B．wholly C．hardly D．slightly 23．A．critical B．predictable C．coincident D．surprising 24．A．revision B．anxiety C．expectancy D．complexity 25．A．interfering B．agreeing C．struggling D．engaging 26．A．Therefore B．Nevertheless C．Moreover D．Instead 27．A．boosted B．logged C．drilled D．affected 28．A．function B．exceed C．assess D．relieve 29．A．rate B．respond C．confirm D．answer 30．A．in spite of B．regardless of C．contrary to D．in line with 31．A．prevented B．predicted C．dismissed D．comforted 32．A．resolution B．medication C．approach D．mentality 33．A．optimistic B．low C．reasonable D．unrealistic 34．A．forces B．blessings C．abilities D．merits 35．A．pressure B．significance C．anxiety D．security Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) In life, we often face challenges that seem impossible to overcome. But it is often during these tough times that tales of extraordinary bravery and perseverance surface. Cara Brookins’ story of changing her family’s lives is an example of this. Cara Brookins, a mother of four, found herself emotionally tired after ending her unlucky marriage. With limited money, finding a suitable home for her four children seemed impossible. Therefore, she made a plan to build their own home from scratch, even though the idea seemed unconventional and a little crazy. Cara purchased a one-acre plot of land and secured a construction loan of approximately $150,000. But completing their home was far from easy. Without previous experience of building homes, Cara learned everything, from laying the foundations to running gas lines and setting up plumbing, through online courses. However, the courses on YouTube were often confusing, and there were countless ways to approach a single task. Recognizing that, Cara decided to hire a part-time firefighter with building experience. To balance work and study, Cara committed herself to the project, often working late into the night. Fortunately, the Brookins family has a strong tradition of tackling challenges together as a family. Fifteen-year-old Drew assisted his mother in designing plans, while eleven-year-old Jada transported water from a neighbor’s pond. And Jada played a crucial role in mixing it with concrete. Nine months later, the Brookins family moved into their new five-bedroom home, which they named the Inkwell Manor. For Cara Brookins, building their own shelter was not something to be proud of. However, it turned out to be the most encouraging thing she could have done for herself and her children. Through this experience, she has discovered that there is enormous power in setting a goal and persevering. She believes that anyone can achieve greatness if they decide on a single aim and take small steps towards it. 36．What eventually helped Cara clear up her confusion in building techniques? A．Her determination to reunite her family. B．The skills she learned through online courses. C．Her reflection on her building experience. D．The guidance of the experienced firefighter. 37．Which best describes Cara in rebuilding her house? A．Intelligent and creative. B．Devoted and modest. C．Knowledgeable and patient. D．Professional and thoughtful. 38．What does paragraph 4 show about the Inkwell Manor? A．It improved Cara’s relationship with her children. B．It reflected advanced home building technology. C．It was an example of creative house design. D．It was the fruit of the family’s joint efforts 39．What did Cara learn through her experience? A．Where there’s a will there’s a way. B．Adversity is the midwife of genius. C．Sharp tools make good work. D．It’s never too late to learn. (B) What is IBRANCE? IBRANCE is a prescription medicine used to treat HR+ and HER2- breast cancer that has spread to other parts of the body. Important Safety Information for Patients Before you take TBRANCE, tell your doctor if you:     have fever, chills, or any other signs or symptoms of infection     have liver or kidney problems     have any other medical conditions     are pregnant or plan to become pregnant: IBRANCE can harm your unborn baby. IBRANCE may cause serious side effects, including: Low white blood cell counts. If you develop low white blood cell counts during treatment with IBRANCE your doctor may stop your treatment, decrease your dose, or may tell you to wait to begin your treatment cycle. Tell your doctor right away if you have signs and symptoms of low white blood cell counts or infections such as fever and chills. Common side effects of IBRANCE include:     low red blood cell counts     tiredness     dizziness     bleeding or getting hurt more easily     shortness of breath     sore mouth     nose bleeds     infections     hair thinning or hair loss     loss of appetite IBRANCE may cause fertility problems in males. This may affect your ability to father a child. Talk to your doctor if this is a concern for you. These are not all of the possible side effects of IBRANCE. For more information, ask your doctor. Tell your doctor if you have any side effect that bothers you or does not go away. Tell your doctor about all of the medicines you take, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements. IBRANCE and other medicines may affect each other, causing side effects. Do not drink grapefruit juice or eat grapefruit products while taking IBRANCE as they may increase the amount of IBRANCE in your blood. Tell your doctor if you start a new medicine. Take IBRANCE exactly as your doctor tells you. If you take too much IBRANCE, call your doctor right away or go to the nearest hospital emergency room. You are encouraged to report negative side effects of prescription drugs to the FDA．Visit www.fda.gov/medwatch or call 1-800-1088. Can’t afford your medication? Pfizer may be able to help. Visit IBRANCE.com. 40．What will NOT the doctor do if you are found to be suffering from low white blood cell counts? A．Stop you from taking IBRANCE. B．Give you less IBRANCE pills. C．Suspend your current treatment cycle. D．Check all the medicines you are taking now. 41．What may not be caused by IBRANCE? A．Low red blood cell counts. B．Liver or kidney problems. C．Bleeding noses. D．Mouth pains. 42．Which of the following statements is true? A．Treatment with IBRANCE is really expensive, so only rich people can afford this treatment. B．It is all right if one has forgotten to take IBRANCE today. Double the amount to be taken tomorrow. C．If a male wants to become a father in the near future, he should stop taking IBRANCE. D．One can eat whatever they want during treatment with IBRANCE. (C) Recent studies in nutritional science emphasize that when we eat may be just as important as what we eat, particularly regarding our first meal of the day. The longstanding debate about breakfast timing has gained new scientific backing from research conducted at the University of California, San Francisco, published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism in January 2024. The UCSF study defined “early breakfast” as eating within two hours of waking, and “late breakfast” as eating more than four hours after waking. Researchers tracked metabolic (代谢的) markers in two groups of participants over a 12-week period. The findings revealed significant differences in how the body processed nutrients based on breakfast timing. Early breakfast eaters demonstrated improved insulin sensitivity, better blood sugar regulation throughout the day, and reduced inflammation markers. They also reported feeling more energetic and experiencing weaker urge for food. Late breakfast eaters, conversely, showed higher levels of cortisol in the morning, more difficulty regulating appetite, and a tendency to consume more calories later in the day, particularly in the evening. Dr. Sarah Mitchell, a nutritionist based in Chicago, emphasizes that while the findings are compelling, breakfast timing must be adapted to individual circumstances. Shift workers, people with medical conditions, and those with irregular schedules need to find patterns that work for their specific situations rather than following rigid guidelines. Dr. Mitchell offers practical advice for those whose routines don’t accommodate an early breakfast. She recommends having a light snack soon after waking, followed by a proper breakfast later, rather than skipping breakfast entirely. This approach helps stabilize blood sugar and prevents overeating later. Additionally, paying attention to the composition of breakfast — prioritizing protein and fiber over simple carbohydrates — can significantly improve the metabolic response. The message is clear: the breakfast debate extends beyond nutrients to include timing. Healthy eating isn’t merely about counting calories but also about matching our food intake with our body’s natural rhythms. 43．What did the UCSF study primarily investigate? A．The nutritional value of different breakfast foods. B．The relationship between breakfast and weight loss. C．The health risks of skipping breakfast. D．The effect of breakfast timing on metabolism. 44．What does the underlined word “conversely” in paragraph 3 most probably mean? A．Therefore. B．Besides. C．In contrast. D．Meanwhile. 45．What advice does Dr. Mitchell give to late breakfast eaters? A．Skip breakfast to reduce calorie intake. B．Eat a small snack soon after waking. C．Consume only protein for breakfast. D．Have breakfast exactly two hours after waking. 46．What is the best title for this passage? A．How Breakfast Timing Affects Your Health B．Breakfast: The Most Important Meal of the Day C．The Role of Nutrition in Modern Life D．Why You Should Never Skip Breakfast Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Cultural Diversity in an Age of Globalization Globalization has connected the world in ways our grandparents could scarcely have imagined. Products, ideas, and cultural expressions now flow across borders with unprecedented speed. 47 On one hand, this exchange enriches societies with new foods, music, art forms, and perspectives; on the other, it raises concerns about cultural homogenization — the fear that local traditions and identities will be swallowed by a global monoculture. Critics of globalization often point to the spread of American fast-food chains, Hollywood movies, and English-language pop music as evidence of cultural imperialism. 48 In Japan, for example, baseball — an American import — has been thoroughly Japanized over more than a century, becoming intertwined with local values of discipline, teamwork, and respect. Similarly, South Korean pop music, or K-pop, borrows heavily from American hip-hop and electronic dance music but infuses these genres with distinctly Korean aesthetics and training systems. Moreover, globalization can actually revitalize local cultures rather than destroy them. When a traditional craft or performance gains international recognition, it often experiences a revival at home. 49 The global popularity of yoga is another example: while some lament its commercialization, the international interest has also funded the preservation of classical yoga traditions in India that might otherwise have declined. The key to maintaining cultural diversity in a globalized world may lie in what sociologists call “glocalization” — the adaptation of global influences to local contexts.   50 When communities feel secure in their cultural identity, they are more likely to engage with outside influences creatively rather than defensively. Ultimately, cultures have always borrowed from one another. What is different today is the speed and scale of the exchange, not the fundamental process. The challenge for the twenty-first century is not to stop cultural cross-pollination — an impossible task — but to ensure that the benefits of cultural exchange are shared equitably and that no culture is forced to sacrifice its identity in the process. A．This phenomenon recognizes that cultural exchange is never a one-way street but a process of creative adaptation. B．But history shows that cultures rarely adopt foreign influences wholesale without adapting them to local sensibilities. C．This has sparked an intense debate about whether cultural diversity is under threat. D．The economic benefits of cultural tourism have transformed many developing nations. E．For instance, the international fashion industry’s interest in traditional Chinese embroidery has led to a surge of young people in China learning this ancient craft. F．The disappearance of minority languages has accelerated dramatically in the last century. IV. Summary Writing 51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. The Beneficial Effects of Forest Fires Forest fires are undoubtedly a threat. In the mid-1900s, all forest burns were considered undesirable, and firefighters responded to all of these fires whether or not they were burning close to where humans lived. This approach to forest fires was both expensive and risky. However, more recently forest managers began to see that forest fires did have benefits. Foresters saw that forest fires were beneficial for trees and soil. Previously, people believed that forest fires caused irreparable damage to trees; however, now forest managers know that trees are the major beneficiaries of fires. Many naturally occurring forest fires, often caused by lightning strikes, are surface fires that burn the understory — the shrubs and herbs from the forest — without damaging the trees in the overstory. In this way, the fire eliminates competition from the smaller trees, allowing the larger trees to flourish. Once the understory has been burned away, the forest is less likely to burn from high-temperature fires that can do real damage to the tall trees. In the past, it was not obvious how forest fires enriched the soil. Today, foresters understand that forest fires improve soil quality by changing the ‘litter’ — dead leaves and branches on the forest floor — to nutrient-rich soil. Normally, litter decomposes very slowly. However, fire releases the nutrients in the litter immediately. This creates an increase in the amount of phosphorus and potassium which are key elements that promote tree growth. As forest managers have learned more about the long-term effects of forest fires, they have realized that forest fires can have beneficial effects and have changed their forest management practices to reflect this new opinion. It is now recognized that forest fires are a natural part of forest ecosystems and are beneficial to the trees and soil. As long as fires are no threat to homes and communities, foresters now often choose to do nothing to stop the fires. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V. Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 52．你今天下午方便抽空来跟我见个面吗？（convenient）（汉译英） _______________________________________________________________________________ 53．培育无籽西瓜的技术方案须在三天内提交。 （submit）（汉译英） _____________________________________________________________ 54．建立于1976年的这家博物馆收藏了大量艺术品，包括300多幅油画。(collection) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 55．正要给保安出示露天音乐会的门票时，他突然想起来是把它给落在行李寄存柜了。(occur) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ VI. Guided Writing (共25分) 56．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below. 某英语杂志社正在举行征稿活动，主题为“梦想点亮人生 (Dream Lightens Life)”。请你用英语写一篇小短文，向该杂志投稿，要点如下： 1. 你的梦想是什么; 2. 阐述拥有梦想如何点亮人生，使你的生活变得不同; 3. 你认为实现梦想需要什么。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第2页（共12页） 试卷第1页（共12页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $