精品解析：安徽省临泉田家炳实验中学（临泉县教师进修学校）2026-2027学年高二上学期10月阶段检测英语试题

高二英语 (120分钟　150分) 第一部分　听力(共两节,满分30分) 第一节　(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a restaurant. B. In the man's home. C. In an office. 2. When are the speakers leaving the museum? A. At 4:30. B. At 5:00. C. At 5:30. 3. What's the woman going to do? A. Wander in a nearby park. B. Contact the dog's owner. C. Walk the dog on the street. 4. What does the man complain about concerning the store? A. Its price. B. Its clothes. C. Its service. 5. Which industry does the woman work in? A. Education. B. Tourism. C. Technology. 第二节　(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。 6. What will the speakers do tomorrow? A. Visit their teacher. B. Go to a museum. C. Go over their lessons. 7. When will the speakers meet at the school gate? A. At 8:15. B. At 8:00. C. At 7:45. 听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。 8. What's the man doing? A. Applying for a new ID card. B. Taking a picture of the woman. C. Checking his personal information. 9. How will the man get his bill? A. By having it mailed. B. By picking it up in person. C. By downloading it from an email. 听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。 10. What's the man's state of mind now? A. He is quite calm. B. He is very nervous. C. He is extremely angry. 11. Why did the accident happen according to the man? A. The cyclist rode carelessly. B. The other driver turned sharply. C. The traffic light was out of order. 12. What may the woman do next? A. Send the man to a safer place. B. Offer medical help on the spot. C. Inquire about the other driver's story. 听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。 13. What's the relationship between the speakers? A. Schoolmates. B. A couple. C. Colleagues. 14. Where will the speakers go on a hike? A. In New York. B. In Toronto. C. In California. 15. How does the woman like to travel in America? A. By train. B. By plane. C. By car. 16. What's still an unsettled question? A. When to visit Mexico. B. How long the trip should be. C. Whether to rent a motorhome. 听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。 17. Who did Heather learn surfing from? A. Her father. B. Her coach. C. Her mother. 18. Where did Heather get her own surfboard? A. In a physical store. B. From her friend. C. On the Internet. 19. What did Heather usually do when she was available? A. She went surfing. B. She visited her friends. C. She sunbathed on the beach. 20. How did Heather survive the shark attack? A. By shouting aloud for help. B. By swimming out of its way. C. By hitting it with her surfboard. 第二部分　阅读(共两节,满分50分) 第一节　(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A In Wisconsin, people love celebrating food, music and culture. They have so much more to offer at fairs and festivals. Now take a look at some of them. Summerfest As one of the world’s largest music festivals, Summerfest is famous for the line-up of over 600 artists across 12 stages in Milwaukee on Lake Michigan. With the history dating back to the late 1960s, the festival offers nine days of a wide variety of live performances, Milwaukee’s local cuisine and various family-friendly activities. Wisconsin State Fair Dating back to 1851 and starting from early August, it will last eleven days this year. The vibrant shopping will offer something from fashion to home decorations. The prize-winning exhibits will show you the talent of some young artists. And there will also be events related to agriculture for you to have extra fun. Sun Prairie Sweet Corn Festival The 71st annual festival is a must-attend event, which started in 1953 as a small-town celebration and is now held in August. The featured food is 80 tons of sweet corn grown in Wisconsin served with savory butter and sprinkled with salt to your liking. Within five days, you can find joy in sweet corn. Warrens Cranberry (越橘) Festival Started in 1973, the food festival was set to raise funds to improve the quality of life in the Warrens community. Known for hundreds of crafts booths (摊位) and farm market booths, it’s a great place for you to immerse yourself in the rich culture and history of cranberry farming. Dive into the three-day celebration taking place on the last weekend of September in Warrens for some small-town fun! 1. What is a characteristic of Summerfest? A. It provides beautiful home decorations. B. It ranks among the largest food festivals. C. It offers various live music performances. D. It displays excellent works of young artists. 2. Which of the following lasts the longest this year? A. Summerfest. B. Wisconsin State Fair. C. Sun Prairie Sweet Corn Festival. D. Warrens Cranberry Festival. 3. What do the last two festivals have in common? A. They feature a particular food. B. They include the same booths. C. They take place in the same month. D. They aim to raise funds for farming. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了威斯康星州的四个特色节庆活动，包括音乐节、州博览会、甜玉米节和越橘节。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Summerfest部分中“With the history dating back to the late 1960s, the festival offers nine days of a wide variety of live performances, Milwaukee’s local cuisine and various family-friendly activities.(其历史可追溯到20世纪60年代末，这个音乐节提供为期九天的各种现场表演、密尔沃基本地美食和各种适合家庭的活动。)”可知，Summerfest的特点是提供各种现场音乐表演。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Summerfest部分中“the festival offers nine days(音乐节持续九天)”、Wisconsin State Fair部分中“it will last eleven days this year(今年将持续十一天)”、Sun Prairie Sweet Corn Festival部分中“Within five days(在五天之内)”以及Warrens Cranberry (越橘) Festival部分中“Dive into the three-day celebration(投入为期三天的庆祝活动)”可知，Wisconsin State Fair持续时间最长。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Sun Prairie Sweet Corn Festival部分中“The featured food is 80 tons of sweet corn grown in Wisconsin served with savory butter and sprinkled with salt to your liking.(特色食物是80吨在威斯康星州种植的甜玉米，配以美味的黄油，并根据口味撒上盐。)”以及Warrens Cranberry (越橘) Festival部分中“Known for hundreds of crafts booths (摊位) and farm market booths, it’s a great place for you to immerse yourself in the rich culture and history of cranberry farming.(以数百个手工艺品摊位和农贸市场摊位而闻名，这里是让你沉浸在越橘种植丰富文化和历史中的好地方。)”可知，这两个节日的共同点是都以特色食物为亮点。 B Nikola Tesla was undoubtedly a great scientist. As one of the five children in his family, Tesla was intelligent and curious about the unknown forces in the world: electricity and magnetism. His father, a priest (牧师), hoped his son would follow in his footsteps, but Tesla was more interested in the hard evidence of what existed and was yet to be applied. His mother was kind, curious and loving. She encouraged him to look beyond his humble beginnings to the world stage. The small cottage Tesla grew up in was dimly lit by the simple candles. By the pale light, Tesla watched his mother tinker (修补), listened to his father read and let his imagination run off into the woodlands. Tesla’s mother led the effort to raise money for her son’s education. It was she who inspired his curiosity and defended his unique personality. She taught him to pursue that inner voice of intellectual longing, perhaps one she herself had no way to pursue. Tesla became one of the pioneers of modern electrical engineering. His work on the alternating current, induction motor and wireless technology influenced Westinghouse Electric. He theorized about wireless communications and even demonstrated a radio-controlled boat. His developments in a brushless electric motor are still in use today. “I must owe whatever inventiveness I possess to my mother’s influence,” Tesla reflected. “My mother was an intelligent woman, an inventor of small devices that made difficult house chores easier. She was especially gifted with a sense of intuition and I believe she would have achieved great things, had she not been so remote from modern life.” At the end of his life, it was not his scientific breakthroughs and the fortune he earned but his mother that Tesla remembered most fondly. In his mother’s final weeks, he sat with her for days without sleeping, not wanting to miss her passing. He had abandoned a lecture circuit in Paris to be with her, his first inspiration and his guiding light. 4. What did Tesla’s father expect him to do? A. Become a priest.  B. Earn much money. C. Do scientific exploration.  D. Own a unique personality. 5. What can be inferred about Tesla’s mother? A. She was good at invention. B. She was fond of reading to Tesla. C. She was an outstanding physicist. D. She was from a family of five kids. 6. What did Tesla do at the end of his mother’s life? A. He happened to give a lecture. B. He emptied his wallet to treat her. C. He stayed by her side all the time. D. He made a scientific breakthrough. 7. What is the best title for the text? A. The early life of a distinguished scientist B. The positive influence of a good mother C. The remarkable achievements of an inventor D. The role of women in scientific advancement 【答案】4. A 5. A 6. C 7. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述伟大科学家特斯拉的成长经历，重点介绍母亲对他深远的积极影响。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“His father, a priest (牧师), hoped his son would follow in his footsteps, but Tesla was more interested in the hard evidence of what existed and was yet to be applied.(他的父亲是一名牧师，希望儿子追随他的脚步，但特斯拉对已有事物以及待应用事物的确凿证据更感兴趣)”可知，父亲希望特斯拉成为一名牧师。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中“My mother was an intelligent woman, an inventor of small devices that made difficult house chores easier.(我的母亲是一位聪慧的女性，她发明了一些小型装置，让繁重的家务变得轻松)”可知，特斯拉的母亲擅长发明。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“In his mother’s final weeks, he sat with her for days without sleeping, not wanting to miss her passing.(在母亲最后的几周里，他连日不眠守在母亲身边，不愿错过她离去的时刻)”可知，在母亲生命最后阶段，特斯拉一直陪在她身旁。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“At the end of his life, it was not his scientific breakthroughs and the fortune he earned but his mother that Tesla remembered most fondly.(在生命的尽头，特斯拉最怀念的不是他的科学突破和赚到的财富，而是他的母亲)”，结合全文内容可知，文章重在讲述母亲对特斯拉的积极影响。“The positive influence of a good mother(一位好母亲的积极影响)”适合作为标题。 C A growing body of research is starting to suggest mammals and birds are far from the only ones dispersing (传播) seeds across the world. Tiny insects play a crucial role, too. Ants are perhaps the most well-known seed-dispersing insects. But the seeds they spread aren’t from fruits. They spread seeds from particular plants that have special, little, ant-friendly oil bodies attached to the seeds, known as elaiosomes. Ants carry the seeds to their nests, eat the elaiosomes and cast off the seeds. Some other insects are thought to help non-green plants disperse seeds by excreting (排泄) them. These plants don’t harvest light but parasitise (寄生于) other plants or consume underground fungi to harvest the nutrients and energy they need. For example, centimetre-long woodlice eat the small fruits of such a plant called Monotropastrum humile. Then, they excrete over 30 percent of the dust-like seeds still intact enough to plant in the soil and grow. These insects set a new record for the tiniest and least heavy animals involved in seed dispersal after ingestion. What’s more, researchers in New Zealand discovered the Wētā cricket, a flightless native insect the size of a hamster, chews the seeds of plants such as mountain snowberries and then disperses them by excreting them while wandering over large distances. The enormous crickets likely stepped in to fill this unusual, surprising role in the ecosystem because the isolated island nation isn’t home to any of the ground-dwelling, fruit-eating mammals that take care of seed dispersal elsewhere in the world. Similarly, Japanese camel crickets eat and excrete the seeds of a leafy Asian shrub called Rhynchotechum discolor. The plant has small, rounded and fleshy fruits containing thousands of tiny seeds. Once the fruits fall to the ground, the crickets eat them and then excrete more than 78 percent undamaged seeds ready to germinate just with a bit of water. Insects could be just as important as the more traditionally recognised dispersers. Because they are incredibly diverse, abundant and small, they can access a wider variety of areas than larger animals. 8. How do ants contribute to seed dispersal? A. By eating seeds and excreting them. B. By transporting seeds to fertile fields. C. By throwing seeds after eating elaiosomes. D. By dropping seeds on the way to their nests. 9. What do woodlice eat according to the text? A. The fruits of a light-harvesting plant. B. The fruits of a non-green plant. C. The dust-like seeds of a mountain snowberry. D. The seeds of a green and insect-friendly plant. 10. What can be learned about Wētā crickets? A. They are natives of an island country. B. They tend to fly across huge distances. C. They live in harmony with land mammals. D. They are the smallest and lightest dispersers. 11. How does the author mainly develop the text? A. By listing figures.  B. By giving examples. C. By analyzing reasons.  D. By following time order. 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍除鸟兽之外，各类昆虫也在植物种子传播中发挥着重要作用。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Ants carry the seeds to their nests, eat the elaiosomes and cast off the seeds.(蚂蚁把种子搬回巢穴，吃掉油质体，然后丢弃种子。)”可知，蚂蚁是吃掉油质体之后丢弃种子来传播种子。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Some other insects are thought to help non-green plants disperse seeds by excreting (排泄) them. These plants don’t harvest light but parasitise (寄生于) other plants or consume underground fungi to harvest the nutrients and energy they need. For example, centimetre-long woodlice eat the small fruits of such a plant called Monotropastrum humile.(还有一些昆虫被认为通过排泄帮助非绿色植物传播种子。这类植物不进行光合作用，而是寄生在其他植物上或取食地下真菌获取营养和能量。例如，几厘米长的潮虫会吃水晶兰这种植物的小果实。)”可知，潮虫吃的是非绿色植物的果实。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“What’s more, researchers in New Zealand discovered the Wētā cricket, a flightless native insect the size of a hamster, chews the seeds of plants such as mountain snowberries and then disperses them by excreting them while wandering over large distances. The enormous crickets likely stepped in to fill this unusual, surprising role in the ecosystem because the isolated island nation isn’t home to any of the ground-dwelling, fruit-eating mammals that take care of seed dispersal elsewhere in the world.(此外，新西兰的研究人员发现，沙螽是一种不会飞的本土昆虫，大小和仓鼠差不多，它会咀嚼山雪果等植物的种子，在远距离活动时通过排泄传播种子。这个岛国没有其他地区承担种子传播工作的陆生食果哺乳动物，因此这种大型蟋蟀承担起了这项特殊的生态任务。)”可知，沙螽是这个岛国的本土生物。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“A growing body of research is starting to suggest mammals and birds are far from the only ones dispersing (传播) seeds across the world. Tiny insects play a crucial role, too.(越来越多的研究开始表明，哺乳动物和鸟类远非全球仅有的种子传播者，微小的昆虫也发挥着至关重要的作用)”以及全文先后列举蚂蚁、潮虫、沙螽、日本驼螽等昆虫的例子，说明昆虫传播种子，主要通过举例子展开行文。 D Photosynthesis (光合作用), the chemical reaction that enables almost all life to exist, is extremely inefficient at capturing energy — only around 1% of light energy a plant absorbs is turned into chemical energy within the plant. In a recent study, researchers have proposed a new method of food production called electro-agriculture. Electro-agriculture would mean replacing agricultural fields with multistory buildings. Solar panels on the buildings would absorb the sun’s radiation, and this energy would power a chemical reaction between CO2 and water to produce acetate — a molecule similar to acetic acid, the main component in vinegar. The acetate would then be used to feed plants. “The whole point of this new process is to try to boost the efficiency of photosynthesis,” says senior author Feng Jiao, an electrochemist at Washington University in Saint Louis. To genetically engineer acetate-eating plants, the researchers are taking advantage of a metabolic (代谢的) pathway germinating plants use to break down food stored in their seeds. This pathway is switched off once plants become capable of photosynthesis, but switching it back on would enable them to use acetate as a source of energy and carbon. “It’s similar to lactose intolerance (乳糖不耐受) in humans — as babies we can digest lactose in milk, but for many people that pathway is turned off when they grow up,” says corresponding author and biological engineer Robert Jinkerson at the University of California, Riverside. The team is focusing their initial research on tomatoes and lettuce but plans to move on to high-calorie staple crops. Currently, they’ve managed to engineer plants that can use acetate in addition to photosynthesis, but they ultimately aim to engineer plants that can obtain all of their necessary energy from acetate, meaning they wouldn’t need any light themselves. “If we don’t need to grow plants with sunlight anymore, then we can decouple agriculture from nature and grow food in controlled, indoor environments,” says Jinkerson. The method could also be used to grow food in space. 12. What is the primary purpose of the recent research? A. To boost the fertility of agricultural fields. B. To reduce the water consumption of plants. C. To improve the efficiency of photosynthesis. D. To expand the use of artificial light in farming. 13. Why is lactose intolerance mentioned in paragraph 3? A. To show the feature of babies’ digestive system. B. To illustrate the difficulty of genetic engineering. C. To explain the change in plants’ metabolic pathway. D. To emphasize the necessity of cutting lactose intake. 14. Which is a potential application of electro-agriculture according to the text? A. Producing acetate for industrial use. B. Growing plants in areas without sunlight. C. Creating a new type of plant-based vinegar. D. Generating electricity for agricultural machinery. 15. What does the underlined word “decouple” in the last paragraph mean? A. Protect.  B. Distinguish.  C. Choose.  D. Separate. 【答案】12. C 13. C 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍电农业这种新型粮食生产方式，旨在提升光合作用效率，有望实现无光照室内甚至太空种植。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The whole point of this new process is to try to boost the efficiency of photosynthesis.(这个新流程的全部目的就是努力提高光合作用的效率。)”可知，这项近期研究的主要目的是提高光合作用的效率。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“To genetically engineer acetate-eating plants, the researchers are taking advantage of a metabolic (代谢的) pathway germinating plants use to break down food stored in their seeds. This pathway is switched off once plants become capable of photosynthesis, but switching it back on would enable them to use acetate as a source of energy and carbon. “It’s similar to lactose intolerance (乳糖不耐受) in humans — as babies we can digest lactose in milk, but for many people that pathway is turned off when they grow up,” says corresponding author and biological engineer Robert Jinkerson at the University of California, Riverside.(为培育能够利用乙酸盐的转基因植物，研究人员利用了发芽植物用来分解种子内储存养分的代谢通路。植物可以进行光合作用之后，这条通路就会关闭；但如果重新开启它，植物就能够把乙酸盐当作能量和碳源。加州大学河滨分校的生物工程师、通讯作者Robert Jinkerson说：“这和人类的乳糖不耐受现象类似 —— 婴儿时期我们可以消化牛奶里的乳糖，但很多人长大后，这条代谢通路就关闭了。”)”可知，提到乳糖不耐受是为了解释植物代谢通路发生的变化。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Currently, they’ve managed to engineer plants that can use acetate in addition to photosynthesis, but they ultimately aim to engineer plants that can obtain all of their necessary energy from acetate, meaning they wouldn’t need any light themselves.(目前，他们已经成功培育出除光合作用外还可以利用乙酸盐的植物；而他们的终极目标是培育完全依靠乙酸盐获取所需全部能量的植物，也就是说这类植物本身不再需要光照。)”可知，电农业的一个潜在用途是在没有阳光的地方种植植物。 【15题详解】 词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“If we don’t need to grow plants with sunlight anymore, then we can decouple agriculture from nature and grow food in controlled, indoor environments.(如果我们不再需要依靠阳光种植植物，那么我们就可以把农业和自然decouple，在可控的室内环境中种植粮食。)”可知，如果我们不再需要依靠阳光种植植物，那么我们就可以把农业和自然分离开，在可控的室内环境中种植粮食。decouple在这里表示“分离”。 第二节　(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In recent years, research has confirmed that providing students with meaningful feedback (反馈) can greatly improve their learning and achievements. ____16____ It can even be harmful, especially if it's presented in an only negative or corrective way.  To some degree, both teachers and students like this form of feedback — a simple grade on an assignment (作业). A grade is clear and it tells a student whether he/she has met the requirements of the assignment. ____17____ However, once a grade is on the paper, it almost becomes the only thing that matters. ____18____ Whatever work might have been done on the test is outweighed by the low grade in front of them.  ____19____ Many educational professors suggest a feedback-oriented learning system. In the classroom, this system can shift (转移) the focus of the students from their final grades to their mastery of the material itself. Feedback is the commentary on a student's work, individualized to best consider the needs of each student.  A feedback-oriented learning system is something that every student can benefit from, whether it is offered verbally or through the written words. ____20____ Those students are typically not challenged as much as they should be. By using this system, while they still may earn an A, they will meet another learning challenge — to know what they can do to improve their work even further, which can help push them forward.  A. Even A students benefit. B. Be as specific as possible. C. But not all feedback is equally effective. D. Less advantaged learners can also benefit. E. So how can we make students learn effectively from feedback? F. Giving a mark also offers a teacher a simple way to assess a student’s work. G. Seeing a low grade, students are uninterested in hearing what they did well. 【答案】16. C 17. F 18. G 19. E 20. A 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讨论了成绩反馈与个性化反馈对学生学习的不同影响，指出单纯打分可能带来负面效果，并建议采用以反馈为导向的学习系统，关注学生对知识的掌握。 【16题详解】 上文“In recent years, research has confirmed that providing students with meaningful feedback (反馈) can greatly improve their learning and achievements.(近年来，研究已经证实，为学生提供有意义的反馈可以极大地提升他们的学习效果和学业成绩)”指出有意义的反馈能改善学习，C选项“But not all feedback is equally effective.(但并非所有反馈都同样有效)”与上文构成转折关系，指出反馈的效果存在差异；下文“It can even be harmful, especially if it’s presented in an only negative or corrective way.(它甚至可能是有害的，特别是当它仅以负面或纠正性的方式呈现时)”进一步说明了C选项中“并非所有反馈都同样有效”的具体表现——有些反馈甚至有害，上下文语意连贯。 【17题详解】 上文“To some degree, both teachers and students like this form of feedback — a simple grade on an assignment (作业). A grade is clear and it tells a student whether he/she has met the requirements of the assignment.(在某种程度上，老师和学生都喜欢这种形式的反馈——作业上的一个简单分数。分数很清晰，它告诉学生他/她是否达到了作业的要求)”指出分数作为一种反馈形式对学生和老师都有清晰明确的作用，F选项“Giving a mark also offers a teacher a simple way to assess a student’s work.(打分也为老师提供了一种评估学生作业的简单方法)”承接上文，进一步补充了分数对老师的意义——提供简单的评估方式；下一段“However, once a grade is on the paper, it almost becomes the only thing that matters.(然而，一旦分数出现在纸上，它几乎就成了唯一重要的东西)”中的“However”与上文对分数正面作用的肯定形成转折，上下文话题一致，逻辑连贯。 【18题详解】 上文“However, once a grade is on the paper, it almost becomes the only thing that matters.(然而，一旦分数出现在纸上，它几乎就成了唯一重要的东西)”指出分数成为唯一重要的东西，G选项“Seeing a low grade, students are uninterested in hearing what they did well.(看到低分时，学生对于听到自己做得好之处毫无兴趣)”承接上文，具体说明了分数成为唯一重要东西的后果——学生只关注低分而忽略其他反馈；下文“Whatever work might have been done on the test is outweighed by the low grade in front of them.(无论学生在考试中付出了多少努力，都远不及眼前的低分受重视)”进一步印证了G选项中“学生重视低分”的情况，上下文语意连贯。 【19题详解】 上一段中“Whatever work might have been done on the test is outweighed by the low grade in front of them.(无论考试中做了多少努力，都会被眼前的低分所压倒)”指出单纯打分带来的问题，下文“Many educational professors suggest a feedback-oriented learning system.(许多教育学教授建议采用以反馈为导向的学习系统)”提出解决方案。E选项“So how can we make students learn effectively from feedback?(那么，我们怎样才能让学生从反馈中有效地学习呢?)”承接上文，基于分数反馈的问题提出疑问，引出下文关于反馈导向学习系统的建议，上下文逻辑连贯。 【20题详解】 上文“A feedback-oriented learning system is something that every student can benefit from, whether it is offered verbally or through the written words.(以反馈为导向的学习系统是每个学生都能受益的，无论是口头提供还是通过书面文字提供)”指出反馈导向系统对所有学生都有益，A选项“Even A students benefit.(甚至得A的学生也能受益)”承接上文，进一步强调即使是成绩优秀的学生也能从反馈导向系统中受益；下文“Those students are typically not challenged as much as they should be. By using this system, while they still may earn an A, they will meet another learning challenge — to know what they can do to improve their work even further, which can help push them forward.(这些学生通常没有得到应有的挑战。通过使用这个系统，虽然他们仍然可能得到A，但他们将遇到另一个学习挑战——了解他们能做些什么来进一步提升自己的学业表现，这可以帮助他们向前迈进)”中的“Those students”和“they still may earn an A”直接指代并呼应A选项中的“A students”，具体说明了A学生在反馈导向系统中的受益方式，上下文语意连贯。 第三部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分) 第一节　(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 CRACK! BOOM! I sat up in my bed, my heart 1____21____. I had been sleeping ____22____ a few seconds before. The lightning struck just like it was right outside my window, causing a flash that seemed to ____23____ across the sky. It took me a long time to ____24____ again.  The next day, I walked out to a small spring and saw where the ____25____ had hit. It had destroyed an oak tree, and I was ____26____ for the tree. Yet the next year, I ____27____ that the tree hadn’t died. In fact, it had ____28____, green leaves growing on it. I was amazed at the resilience (恢复力) of this tree, with wonder at how it managed to ____29____ such a strike.  Recently, I was reading something that shed fresh light on the puzzle. A scientific study showed that the ____30____ floor is all interconnected. When one tree is ____31____, the others share their ____32____ nutrients to keep it alive, working their way through their root system.  Looking back on my own life, I see that I have received quite a few ____33____ as well. Yet, through them all, I have felt the ____34____ of those around me, which seems to hang over me like a protective canopy (树冠). By no means do we stand ____35____, and we can find strength in one another.  21. A. pounding  B. singing  C. failing  D. aching 22. A. proudly  B. deeply  C. regularly  D. secretly 23. A. attack  B. escape  C. stretch  D. swim 24. A. sit down  B. fall asleep  C. stay awake  D. show up 25. A. wind  B. cloud  C. rain  D. lightning 26. A. grateful  B. responsible  C. sorry  D. eager 27. A. believed  B. imagined  C. doubted  D. noticed 28. A. fresh  B. fallen  C. dry  D. burnt 29. A. avoid  B. launch  C. balance  D. survive 30. A. ocean  B. forest  C. valley  D. cave 31. A. damaged  B. decorated  C. cut  D. planted 32. A. familiar  B. brief  C. precious  D. potential 33. A. blows  B. donations  C. complaints  D. gifts 34. A. idea  B. inspiration  C. love  D. praise 35. A. still  B. alone  C. awkwardly  D. uncertainly 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. A 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】作者目睹橡树遭雷击后本以为枯死，次年却发现它重焕生机，借研究得知森林树木靠根系互通养分互助；由此感悟人生，我们遭遇困境时也并非孤军奋战，能在彼此的扶持中获得力量。 【21题详解】 考查动词。句意：咔嚓！轰隆！我在床上猛地坐起身，心怦怦直跳。A. pounding (心脏) 砰砰跳动；B. singing唱歌；C. failing失败；D. aching疼痛。根据前文“CRACK! BOOM! I sat up in my bed”可知，巨大的雷声把作者惊醒，受到惊吓后心脏剧烈跳动。 【22题详解】 考查副词。句意：几秒钟前我还睡得很沉。A. proudly骄傲地；B. deeply深深地；C. regularly定期地；D. secretly秘密地。根据后文“I sat up in my bed”可知，作者被雷声惊醒，说明此前睡得很沉。 【23题详解】 考查动词。句意：闪电好像就在我的窗外炸开，一道亮光仿佛划过天空。A. attack攻击；B. escape逃跑；C. stretch延伸；D. swim游泳。根据前文“The lightning struck just like it was right outside my window, causing a flash”可知，闪电产生的亮光在天空中延展、划过。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：我过了很久才再次入睡。A. sit down坐下；B. fall asleep入睡；C. stay awake保持清醒；D. show up出现。根据前文“CRACK!BOOM!I sat up in my bed”可知，作者被惊雷闪电吓到，很难再次睡着。 【25题详解】 考查名词。句意：第二天，我走到一处小泉边，看到了闪电击中的地方。A. wind风；B. cloud云；C. rain雨；D. lightning闪电。根据前文“The lightning struck just like it was right outside my window”可知，是闪电击中了这一处。 【26题详解】 考查形容词。句意：闪电摧毁了一棵橡树，我为这棵树感到难过。A. grateful感激的；B. responsible负责的；C. sorry难过的；D. eager渴望的。根据前文“It had destroyed an oak tree”可知，橡树被损毁，作者对此感到惋惜难过。 【27题详解】 考查动词。句意：然而第二年，我注意到这棵树并没有死掉。A. believed相信；B. imagined想象；C. doubted怀疑；D. noticed注意到。根据后文“that the tree hadn’t died. In fact, it had _____, green leaves growing on it.”可知，是作者亲眼观察留意到树木存活的情况。 【28题详解】 考查形容词。句意：事实上，它焕发新生，枝头长出了嫩绿的叶子。A. fresh新的；B. fallen落下的；C. dry干枯的；D. burnt烧焦的。根据后文“green leaves growing on it”可知，这里指树上新生的绿叶。 【29题详解】 考查动词。句意：我惊叹于这棵树的恢复力，很好奇它是如何挺过这样一次雷击的。A. avoid避免；B. launch发射；C. balance平衡；D. survive幸存，挺过。根据前文“It had destroyed an oak tree”以及“the tree hadn’t died”可知，橡树遭受雷击却长出新叶，在重创中存活下来。 【30题详解】 考查名词。句意：一项科学研究表明，森林的地下根系都是相互连通的。A. ocean海洋；B. forest森林；C. valley山谷；D. cave洞穴。根据后文“When one tree is ______, the others share their ______ nutrients to keep it alive, working their way through their root system”可知，研究内容是树木根系相连，forest floor为固定搭配，表示“森林地表/森林地面”。 【31题详解】 考查形容词。句意：当一棵树受到损伤时，其他树木会分享养分来维持它的生命，养分通过根系输送。A. damaged受损的；B. decorated装饰的；C. cut被切割的；D. planted被种植的。根据前文“It had destroyed an oak tree”可知，此处呼应橡树被雷击受损的情节。 【32题详解】 考查形容词。句意：当一棵树受到损伤时，其他树木会分享它们珍贵的养分来维持它的生命，养分通过根系输送。A. familiar熟悉的；B. brief简短的；C. precious珍贵的；D. potential潜在的。根据后文“to keep it alive”可知，养分是维持树木生命的宝贵资源。 【33题详解】 考查名词。句意：回望我自己的人生，我也承受过不少打击。A. blows打击；B. donations捐赠；C. complaints抱怨；D. gifts礼物。根据前文“I was amazed at the resilience (恢复力) of this tree, with wonder at how it managed to _____ such a strike”可知，树木遭遇雷击重创，此处类比人生当中遇到的磨难与打击。 【34题详解】 考查名词。句意：但经历这一切时，我感受到身边人的关爱，这份关爱像一顶保护伞笼罩着我。A. idea想法；B. inspiration灵感；C. love关爱；D. praise表扬。根据前文“When one tree is ______, the others share their ______ nutrients to keep it alive”可知，森林里其他树木互帮互助，对应身边人给予作者的关怀与支撑。 【35题详解】 考查副词。句意：我们绝不是独自伫立，我们可以从彼此身上获得力量。A. still仍然；B. alone独自；C. awkwardly笨拙地；D. uncertainly不确定地。根据后文“we can find strength in one another”可知，我们可以互相依靠，并不是孤身一人。 第二节　(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Xiaogang Village, which attracts tourists for its idyllic scenery, agriculture,rural reform and folk customs,is located in Fengyang County of East China's Anhui Province. In 1978, villagers in Xiaogang were ____36____ first to contract collective land to individual households,opening the curtain of China&apos’s rural reform. Now, tourists can visit the thatched cabin (茅草屋) where the agreement ____37____ (sign). The current rural homestay features a group of thatched cottages with earthen walls and threshing floors where crops are dried, exhibiting farming tools, aiming ____38____(recreate) scenes of the village dating back to the 1980s.  ___39___ attracts tourists most is the intangible cultural heritage, such as Fengyang flower-drum ballads and paper-cutting. Visitors can also learn about the ___40___ (tradition) methods of making liquor and vinegar in breweries and purchase some as souvenirs. The village also hosts ____41____ (event) such as grape culture festivals and harvest festivals to develop tourism and promote cultural exchange.  The collective income of the village increased from 4.1 million yuan in 2012 ____42____ 14.2 million yuan in 2023. The number of visitors ____43____ (reach) 412,000 by the end of last October. It is equally ____44____ (inspire) that the booming tourism has provided locals with job opportunities and attracted more college graduates to return to ____45____ (they) hometown for work. 【答案】36. the 37. was signed 38. to recreate 39. What 40. traditional 41. events 42. to 43. had reached 44. inspiring 45. their 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍安徽凤阳小岗村，讲述它作为农村改革发源地依托文旅发展振兴的故事。 【36题详解】 考查定冠词。句意：1978年，小岗村村民是第一批把集体土地承包到户的人，拉开了中国农村改革的序幕。序数词first前面要用定冠词the。 【37题详解】 考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：现在游客可以参观当年签下这份契约的茅草屋。主语the agreement和sign之间是被动关系；事情发生在1978年，用一般过去时。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这家乡村民宿以一批土墙草屋和晒谷场为特色（晒谷场用来晾晒农作物），民宿内陈列农具，旨在还原上世纪 80 年代的乡村风貌。固定搭配aim to do sth.意为“旨在做某事”。 【39题详解】 考查主语从句引导词。句意：最吸引游客的是非物质文化遗产，例如凤阳花鼓和剪纸。空处引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，表示“……的事物”，用What，句首字母大写。 【40题详解】 考查词形容词。句意：游客还可以在作坊里了解酿酒、酿醋的传统工艺。修饰名词methods要用形容词，tradition的形容词形式是traditional。 【41题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：村里还举办葡萄文化节、丰收节等活动来发展旅游、促进文化交流。后面列举多个活动，event是可数名词，用复数events作宾语。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：村集体收入从2012年的410万元增长到2023年的1420万元。固定搭配from…to… 从……到……，空处需填to。 【43题详解】 考查过去完成时。句意：到去年10月底，游客数量已经达到41.2万人次。时间标志by the end of +过去时间（last October），主句用过去完成时had done。故填had reached。 【44题详解】 考查-ing形容词。句意：同样鼓舞人心的是，蓬勃发展的旅游业为当地人创造了就业机会，也吸引了更多高校毕业生返乡就业。此处修饰事物it，表示“令人鼓舞的”，用inspiring。作表语。 【45题详解】 考查形容词性物主代词。句意：同样鼓舞人心的是，蓬勃发展的旅游业为当地人创造了就业机会，也吸引了更多高校毕业生返乡就业。修饰名词hometown，要用形容词性物主代词their。 第四部分　写作(共两节,满分40分) 第一节　(满分15分) 46. 上周你去市科技馆参观了主题为“未来校园”的展览。请你以“A glimpse into the future campus”为题写一篇短文给校英文网站投稿,内容包括： 1. 时间、地点； 2. 展览内容； 3. 观展感想。 注意：写作词数应为80个左右。 A glimpse into the future campus ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 A glimpse into the future campus Last Saturday, I had the privilege to visit the “Future Campus” exhibition held at the City Science and Technology Museum, an event that offered a fascinating glimpse into the potential educational landscape. The exhibition featured virtual classrooms where students can interact with digital whiteboards, followed by personalized feedback provided by AI-assisted teachers. Among the highlights were tools designed to bring textbooks to life, making subjects like history and science more immersive and engaging. My exciting visit strengthened my belief that education will become more personalized and interactive. I am looking forward to being part of this transformation. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“A glimpse into the future campus”为题写一篇短文给校英文网站投稿，介绍参观“未来校园”主题展览的经历。 【详解】1.词汇积累 令人着迷的：fascinating → attractive 互动：interact → communicate 吸引人的：engaging → absorbing/appealing 加强：strengthen → reinforce 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Among the highlights were tools designed to bring textbooks to life, making subjects like history and science more immersive and engaging. 拓展句：Among the highlights were tools designed to bring textbooks to life, which make subjects like history and science more immersive and engaging. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Last Saturday, I had the privilege to visit the “Future Campus” exhibition held at the City Science and Technology Museum, an event that offered a fascinating glimpse into the potential educational landscape.(运用了过去分词作后置定语和that引导的定语从句) 【高分句型2】My exciting visit strengthened my belief that education will become more personalized and interactive.(运用了that引导的同位语从句) 第二节　(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In my grandparents’ era, the question of whether to repair or replace an item was unrelated. Repair was usually the only option. So, when faced with a broken hoe (锄头), I let my brain do a little time traveling and decided to make the repair, just like Grandpa would have done. I dug through my old toolbox for the needed parts, seeking for just the right tools in my odd collection. I would value the strong cords of connection tying together present and past generations. Working with objects that have a history is satisfying, and I love thinking about the hands that used them to keep homes, farms, or autos running smoothly. Finally, I chose my favorite hammer (锤子) from my dad, who received it from his dad. Grandpa’s hammer has a worn, ash handle, the grain smooth from 70 years of use and spotted with colorful paint and small cuts from a lifetime of projects. I love how he’d used a bent horseshoe nail to tighten the head to the handle. With just the right bolt (螺栓) I just found in hand, I was ready to begin to repair. Along with his hammer, I thought about how Grandpa always stressed the importance of having the right tools for a job. While I was immersed in the repairs and my memories, my neighbor’s child, Paul, came running over asking for help. His bicycle chain had come off again, and this was something I could lend a hand to do. I set aside my work and took Paul to his bike. Fixing a chain wasn’t hard, but Paul clearly lacked the know-how. As I taught him, I shared with him the lesson passed down from my grandfather: The right tool and the related knowledge are essential for completing any job. Paul watched attentively and curiously. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 A few moments later, we managed to get the chain back on track. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thinking of the hammer, I decided to start a small club to repair old items for kids in the community every Friday. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】A few moments later, we managed to get the chain back on track. Paul’s face lit up with pride and he said loudly, “Thank you for helping me. Now I know how to fix it and I can fix it myself next time!” I replied, “My pleasure.” As I waved him goodbye, I felt a sense of accomplishment that went beyond the simple act of repairing a hoe or a bike chain. It was about passing on a valuable lesson and perhaps inspiring a younger generation to embrace the same values of self-reliance. Thinking of the hammer, I decided to start a small club to repair old items for kids in the community every Friday. My club not only taught practical skills but also promoted environmental awareness. So every Friday afternoon, a group of kids would gather in the community center to learn something about fixing and recycling, together with their broken toys and various household items in need of repair. As the months went by, the club became a center of innovation and learning, showing we could breathe new life into old things and build stronger bonds with each other. 【解析】 【导语】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在面对破损物品时，选择像祖父一样进行修理，而不是更换。作者从旧工具箱中寻找合适的工具，并特别提到了使用父亲传承自祖父的锤子进行修理的过程。同时，作者还通过帮助邻居孩子Paul修理自行车链，传递了从祖父那里学到的教训：正确的工具和相关知识对于完成任何工作都是至关重要的。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段首句内容“过了一会儿，我们成功地把链条装回了原位。”可知，第一段可描写自行车修好后Paul的反应以及作者的感受。 ②由第二段首句内容“想到那把锤子，我决定每周五成立一个小俱乐部，为社区里的孩子们修理旧物品。”可知，第二段可描写作者成立俱乐部后所做的事情以及影响。 2.续写线索：表示感谢——感受成就感——建立社团——每周五活动——影响 3.词汇激活 行为类 修理：fix/repair 回应：reply/respond 接受：embrace/jump at 聚集：gather/get together 情绪类 感谢：thank/appreciate 成就感：a sense of accomplishment/a sense of achievement 【点睛】[高分句型1] As I waved him goodbye, I felt a sense of accomplishment that went beyond the simple act of repairing a hoe or a bike chain. （运用了as引导时间状语从句和that引导定语从句） [高分句型2] As the months went by, the club became a center of innovation and learning, showing we could breathe new life into old things and build stronger bonds with each other.（运用了as引导时间状语从句，现在分词作状语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高二英语 (120分钟　150分) 第一部分　听力(共两节,满分30分) 第一节　(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a restaurant. B. In the man's home. C. In an office. 2. When are the speakers leaving the museum? A. At 4:30. B. At 5:00. C. At 5:30. 3. What's the woman going to do? A. Wander in a nearby park. B. Contact the dog's owner. C. Walk the dog on the street. 4. What does the man complain about concerning the store? A. Its price. B. Its clothes. C. Its service. 5. Which industry does the woman work in? A. Education. B. Tourism. C. Technology. 第二节　(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。 6. What will the speakers do tomorrow? A. Visit their teacher. B. Go to a museum. C. Go over their lessons. 7. When will the speakers meet at the school gate? A. At 8:15. B. At 8:00. C. At 7:45. 听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。 8. What's the man doing? A. Applying for a new ID card. B. Taking a picture of the woman. C. Checking his personal information. 9. How will the man get his bill? A. By having it mailed. B. By picking it up in person. C. By downloading it from an email. 听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。 10. What's the man's state of mind now? A. He is quite calm. B. He is very nervous. C. He is extremely angry. 11. Why did the accident happen according to the man? A. The cyclist rode carelessly. B. The other driver turned sharply. C. The traffic light was out of order. 12. What may the woman do next? A. Send the man to a safer place. B. Offer medical help on the spot. C. Inquire about the other driver's story. 听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。 13. What's the relationship between the speakers? A. Schoolmates. B. A couple. C. Colleagues. 14. Where will the speakers go on a hike? A. In New York. B. In Toronto. C. In California. 15. How does the woman like to travel in America? A. By train. B. By plane. C. By car. 16. What's still an unsettled question? A. When to visit Mexico. B. How long the trip should be. C. Whether to rent a motorhome. 听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。 17. Who did Heather learn surfing from? A. Her father. B. Her coach. C. Her mother. 18. Where did Heather get her own surfboard? A. In a physical store. B. From her friend. C. On the Internet. 19. What did Heather usually do when she was available? A. She went surfing. B. She visited her friends. C. She sunbathed on the beach. 20. How did Heather survive the shark attack? A. By shouting aloud for help. B. By swimming out of its way. C. By hitting it with her surfboard. 第二部分　阅读(共两节,满分50分) 第一节　(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A In Wisconsin, people love celebrating food, music and culture. They have so much more to offer at fairs and festivals. Now take a look at some of them. Summerfest As one of the world’s largest music festivals, Summerfest is famous for the line-up of over 600 artists across 12 stages in Milwaukee on Lake Michigan. With the history dating back to the late 1960s, the festival offers nine days of a wide variety of live performances, Milwaukee’s local cuisine and various family-friendly activities. Wisconsin State Fair Dating back to 1851 and starting from early August, it will last eleven days this year. The vibrant shopping will offer something from fashion to home decorations. The prize-winning exhibits will show you the talent of some young artists. And there will also be events related to agriculture for you to have extra fun. Sun Prairie Sweet Corn Festival The 71st annual festival is a must-attend event, which started in 1953 as a small-town celebration and is now held in August. The featured food is 80 tons of sweet corn grown in Wisconsin served with savory butter and sprinkled with salt to your liking. Within five days, you can find joy in sweet corn. Warrens Cranberry (越橘) Festival Started in 1973, the food festival was set to raise funds to improve the quality of life in the Warrens community. Known for hundreds of crafts booths (摊位) and farm market booths, it’s a great place for you to immerse yourself in the rich culture and history of cranberry farming. Dive into the three-day celebration taking place on the last weekend of September in Warrens for some small-town fun! 1. What is a characteristic of Summerfest? A. It provides beautiful home decorations. B. It ranks among the largest food festivals. C. It offers various live music performances. D. It displays excellent works of young artists. 2. Which of the following lasts the longest this year? A. Summerfest. B. Wisconsin State Fair. C. Sun Prairie Sweet Corn Festival. D. Warrens Cranberry Festival. 3. What do the last two festivals have in common? A. They feature a particular food. B. They include the same booths. C. They take place in the same month. D. They aim to raise funds for farming. B Nikola Tesla was undoubtedly a great scientist. As one of the five children in his family, Tesla was intelligent and curious about the unknown forces in the world: electricity and magnetism. His father, a priest (牧师), hoped his son would follow in his footsteps, but Tesla was more interested in the hard evidence of what existed and was yet to be applied. His mother was kind, curious and loving. She encouraged him to look beyond his humble beginnings to the world stage. The small cottage Tesla grew up in was dimly lit by the simple candles. By the pale light, Tesla watched his mother tinker (修补), listened to his father read and let his imagination run off into the woodlands. Tesla’s mother led the effort to raise money for her son’s education. It was she who inspired his curiosity and defended his unique personality. She taught him to pursue that inner voice of intellectual longing, perhaps one she herself had no way to pursue. Tesla became one of the pioneers of modern electrical engineering. His work on the alternating current, induction motor and wireless technology influenced Westinghouse Electric. He theorized about wireless communications and even demonstrated a radio-controlled boat. His developments in a brushless electric motor are still in use today. “I must owe whatever inventiveness I possess to my mother’s influence,” Tesla reflected. “My mother was an intelligent woman, an inventor of small devices that made difficult house chores easier. She was especially gifted with a sense of intuition and I believe she would have achieved great things, had she not been so remote from modern life.” At the end of his life, it was not his scientific breakthroughs and the fortune he earned but his mother that Tesla remembered most fondly. In his mother’s final weeks, he sat with her for days without sleeping, not wanting to miss her passing. He had abandoned a lecture circuit in Paris to be with her, his first inspiration and his guiding light. 4. What did Tesla’s father expect him to do? A. Become a priest.  B. Earn much money. C. Do scientific exploration.  D. Own a unique personality. 5. What can be inferred about Tesla’s mother? A. She was good at invention. B. She was fond of reading to Tesla. C. She was an outstanding physicist. D. She was from a family of five kids. 6. What did Tesla do at the end of his mother’s life? A. He happened to give a lecture. B. He emptied his wallet to treat her. C. He stayed by her side all the time. D. He made a scientific breakthrough. 7. What is the best title for the text? A. The early life of a distinguished scientist B. The positive influence of a good mother C. The remarkable achievements of an inventor D. The role of women in scientific advancement C A growing body of research is starting to suggest mammals and birds are far from the only ones dispersing (传播) seeds across the world. Tiny insects play a crucial role, too. Ants are perhaps the most well-known seed-dispersing insects. But the seeds they spread aren’t from fruits. They spread seeds from particular plants that have special, little, ant-friendly oil bodies attached to the seeds, known as elaiosomes. Ants carry the seeds to their nests, eat the elaiosomes and cast off the seeds. Some other insects are thought to help non-green plants disperse seeds by excreting (排泄) them. These plants don’t harvest light but parasitise (寄生于) other plants or consume underground fungi to harvest the nutrients and energy they need. For example, centimetre-long woodlice eat the small fruits of such a plant called Monotropastrum humile. Then, they excrete over 30 percent of the dust-like seeds still intact enough to plant in the soil and grow. These insects set a new record for the tiniest and least heavy animals involved in seed dispersal after ingestion. What’s more, researchers in New Zealand discovered the Wētā cricket, a flightless native insect the size of a hamster, chews the seeds of plants such as mountain snowberries and then disperses them by excreting them while wandering over large distances. The enormous crickets likely stepped in to fill this unusual, surprising role in the ecosystem because the isolated island nation isn’t home to any of the ground-dwelling, fruit-eating mammals that take care of seed dispersal elsewhere in the world. Similarly, Japanese camel crickets eat and excrete the seeds of a leafy Asian shrub called Rhynchotechum discolor. The plant has small, rounded and fleshy fruits containing thousands of tiny seeds. Once the fruits fall to the ground, the crickets eat them and then excrete more than 78 percent undamaged seeds ready to germinate just with a bit of water. Insects could be just as important as the more traditionally recognised dispersers. Because they are incredibly diverse, abundant and small, they can access a wider variety of areas than larger animals. 8. How do ants contribute to seed dispersal? A. By eating seeds and excreting them. B. By transporting seeds to fertile fields. C. By throwing seeds after eating elaiosomes. D. By dropping seeds on the way to their nests. 9. What do woodlice eat according to the text? A. The fruits of a light-harvesting plant. B. The fruits of a non-green plant. C. The dust-like seeds of a mountain snowberry. D. The seeds of a green and insect-friendly plant. 10. What can be learned about Wētā crickets? A. They are natives of an island country. B. They tend to fly across huge distances. C. They live in harmony with land mammals. D. They are the smallest and lightest dispersers. 11. How does the author mainly develop the text? A. By listing figures.  B. By giving examples. C. By analyzing reasons.  D. By following time order. D Photosynthesis (光合作用), the chemical reaction that enables almost all life to exist, is extremely inefficient at capturing energy — only around 1% of light energy a plant absorbs is turned into chemical energy within the plant. In a recent study, researchers have proposed a new method of food production called electro-agriculture. Electro-agriculture would mean replacing agricultural fields with multistory buildings. Solar panels on the buildings would absorb the sun’s radiation, and this energy would power a chemical reaction between CO2 and water to produce acetate — a molecule similar to acetic acid, the main component in vinegar. The acetate would then be used to feed plants. “The whole point of this new process is to try to boost the efficiency of photosynthesis,” says senior author Feng Jiao, an electrochemist at Washington University in Saint Louis. To genetically engineer acetate-eating plants, the researchers are taking advantage of a metabolic (代谢的) pathway germinating plants use to break down food stored in their seeds. This pathway is switched off once plants become capable of photosynthesis, but switching it back on would enable them to use acetate as a source of energy and carbon. “It’s similar to lactose intolerance (乳糖不耐受) in humans — as babies we can digest lactose in milk, but for many people that pathway is turned off when they grow up,” says corresponding author and biological engineer Robert Jinkerson at the University of California, Riverside. The team is focusing their initial research on tomatoes and lettuce but plans to move on to high-calorie staple crops. Currently, they’ve managed to engineer plants that can use acetate in addition to photosynthesis, but they ultimately aim to engineer plants that can obtain all of their necessary energy from acetate, meaning they wouldn’t need any light themselves. “If we don’t need to grow plants with sunlight anymore, then we can decouple agriculture from nature and grow food in controlled, indoor environments,” says Jinkerson. The method could also be used to grow food in space. 12. What is the primary purpose of the recent research? A. To boost the fertility of agricultural fields. B. To reduce the water consumption of plants. C. To improve the efficiency of photosynthesis. D. To expand the use of artificial light in farming. 13. Why is lactose intolerance mentioned in paragraph 3? A. To show the feature of babies’ digestive system. B. To illustrate the difficulty of genetic engineering. C. To explain the change in plants’ metabolic pathway. D. To emphasize the necessity of cutting lactose intake. 14. Which is a potential application of electro-agriculture according to the text? A. Producing acetate for industrial use. B. Growing plants in areas without sunlight. C. Creating a new type of plant-based vinegar. D. Generating electricity for agricultural machinery. 15. What does the underlined word “decouple” in the last paragraph mean? A. Protect.  B. Distinguish.  C. Choose.  D. Separate. 第二节　(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In recent years, research has confirmed that providing students with meaningful feedback (反馈) can greatly improve their learning and achievements. ____16____ It can even be harmful, especially if it's presented in an only negative or corrective way.  To some degree, both teachers and students like this form of feedback — a simple grade on an assignment (作业). A grade is clear and it tells a student whether he/she has met the requirements of the assignment. ____17____ However, once a grade is on the paper, it almost becomes the only thing that matters. ____18____ Whatever work might have been done on the test is outweighed by the low grade in front of them.  ____19____ Many educational professors suggest a feedback-oriented learning system. In the classroom, this system can shift (转移) the focus of the students from their final grades to their mastery of the material itself. Feedback is the commentary on a student's work, individualized to best consider the needs of each student.  A feedback-oriented learning system is something that every student can benefit from, whether it is offered verbally or through the written words. ____20____ Those students are typically not challenged as much as they should be. By using this system, while they still may earn an A, they will meet another learning challenge — to know what they can do to improve their work even further, which can help push them forward.  A. Even A students benefit. B. Be as specific as possible. C. But not all feedback is equally effective. D. Less advantaged learners can also benefit. E. So how can we make students learn effectively from feedback? F. Giving a mark also offers a teacher a simple way to assess a student’s work. G. Seeing a low grade, students are uninterested in hearing what they did well. 第三部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分) 第一节　(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 CRACK! BOOM! I sat up in my bed, my heart 1____21____. I had been sleeping ____22____ a few seconds before. The lightning struck just like it was right outside my window, causing a flash that seemed to ____23____ across the sky. It took me a long time to ____24____ again.  The next day, I walked out to a small spring and saw where the ____25____ had hit. It had destroyed an oak tree, and I was ____26____ for the tree. Yet the next year, I ____27____ that the tree hadn’t died. In fact, it had ____28____, green leaves growing on it. I was amazed at the resilience (恢复力) of this tree, with wonder at how it managed to ____29____ such a strike.  Recently, I was reading something that shed fresh light on the puzzle. A scientific study showed that the ____30____ floor is all interconnected. When one tree is ____31____, the others share their ____32____ nutrients to keep it alive, working their way through their root system.  Looking back on my own life, I see that I have received quite a few ____33____ as well. Yet, through them all, I have felt the ____34____ of those around me, which seems to hang over me like a protective canopy (树冠). By no means do we stand ____35____, and we can find strength in one another.  21. A. pounding  B. singing  C. failing  D. aching 22. A. proudly  B. deeply  C. regularly  D. secretly 23. A. attack  B. escape  C. stretch  D. swim 24. A. sit down  B. fall asleep  C. stay awake  D. show up 25. A. wind  B. cloud  C. rain  D. lightning 26. A. grateful  B. responsible  C. sorry  D. eager 27. A. believed  B. imagined  C. doubted  D. noticed 28. A. fresh  B. fallen  C. dry  D. burnt 29. A. avoid  B. launch  C. balance  D. survive 30. A. ocean  B. forest  C. valley  D. cave 31. A. damaged  B. decorated  C. cut  D. planted 32. A. familiar  B. brief  C. precious  D. potential 33. A. blows  B. donations  C. complaints  D. gifts 34. A. idea  B. inspiration  C. love  D. praise 35. A. still  B. alone  C. awkwardly  D. uncertainly 第二节　(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Xiaogang Village, which attracts tourists for its idyllic scenery, agriculture,rural reform and folk customs,is located in Fengyang County of East China's Anhui Province. In 1978, villagers in Xiaogang were ____36____ first to contract collective land to individual households,opening the curtain of China&apos’s rural reform. Now, tourists can visit the thatched cabin (茅草屋) where the agreement ____37____ (sign). The current rural homestay features a group of thatched cottages with earthen walls and threshing floors where crops are dried, exhibiting farming tools, aiming ____38____(recreate) scenes of the village dating back to the 1980s.  ___39___ attracts tourists most is the intangible cultural heritage, such as Fengyang flower-drum ballads and paper-cutting. Visitors can also learn about the ___40___ (tradition) methods of making liquor and vinegar in breweries and purchase some as souvenirs. The village also hosts ____41____ (event) such as grape culture festivals and harvest festivals to develop tourism and promote cultural exchange.  The collective income of the village increased from 4.1 million yuan in 2012 ____42____ 14.2 million yuan in 2023. The number of visitors ____43____ (reach) 412,000 by the end of last October. It is equally ____44____ (inspire) that the booming tourism has provided locals with job opportunities and attracted more college graduates to return to ____45____ (they) hometown for work. 第四部分　写作(共两节,满分40分) 第一节　(满分15分) 46. 上周你去市科技馆参观了主题为“未来校园”的展览。请你以“A glimpse into the future campus”为题写一篇短文给校英文网站投稿,内容包括： 1. 时间、地点； 2. 展览内容； 3. 观展感想。 注意：写作词数应为80个左右。 A glimpse into the future campus ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节　(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In my grandparents’ era, the question of whether to repair or replace an item was unrelated. Repair was usually the only option. So, when faced with a broken hoe (锄头), I let my brain do a little time traveling and decided to make the repair, just like Grandpa would have done. I dug through my old toolbox for the needed parts, seeking for just the right tools in my odd collection. I would value the strong cords of connection tying together present and past generations. Working with objects that have a history is satisfying, and I love thinking about the hands that used them to keep homes, farms, or autos running smoothly. Finally, I chose my favorite hammer (锤子) from my dad, who received it from his dad. Grandpa’s hammer has a worn, ash handle, the grain smooth from 70 years of use and spotted with colorful paint and small cuts from a lifetime of projects. I love how he’d used a bent horseshoe nail to tighten the head to the handle. With just the right bolt (螺栓) I just found in hand, I was ready to begin to repair. Along with his hammer, I thought about how Grandpa always stressed the importance of having the right tools for a job. While I was immersed in the repairs and my memories, my neighbor’s child, Paul, came running over asking for help. His bicycle chain had come off again, and this was something I could lend a hand to do. I set aside my work and took Paul to his bike. Fixing a chain wasn’t hard, but Paul clearly lacked the know-how. As I taught him, I shared with him the lesson passed down from my grandfather: The right tool and the related knowledge are essential for completing any job. Paul watched attentively and curiously. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 A few moments later, we managed to get the chain back on track. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thinking of the hammer, I decided to start a small club to repair old items for kids in the community every Friday. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $